2012 Chapter 01

數位影像處理

Digital Image Processing

922 U3010

授課教師： 洪一平

辦公室： Room 433/220

Email: hung@csie.ntu.edu.tw

上課時間提早到 每週二下午1：00 ─ 4：00

Books

• Textbook

– R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall, 2010.

• Gonzalez and Wintz, 1977/1987, Gonzalez and Woods, 1992/2002.

• www.prenhall.com/gonzalezwoods

• References

– R.C. Gonzalez, R.E. Woods, Steven L. Eddins, Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB, Prentice Hall, 2003.

– A. K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing,Prentice Hall, 1988.

– W. K. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, 4th edition, Wiley-Interscience, 2007.

Course Requirement

• Homework assignments: 20%

• First exam: 20%

• Second exam: 25%

• Term project: 30%

• In-Class Performance : 5%

Webpage of this course

http://ceiba.ntu.edu.tw/1002DIP

Outline of the Course

I. Introduction

II. Digital Image Fundamentals

III. Intensity Transformations and Spatial Filtering

IV. Filtering in the Frequency Domain

V. Image Restoration and Reconstruction

VI. Color Image Processing

VII. Wavelets and Multiresolution Processing

VIII. Image Compression

IX. Morphological Image Processing

X. Image Segmentation

XI. Representation and Description

XII. Object Recognition

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1. Introduction

• Introduction

– Motivation

– Applications

– Overview

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

• Why IP (or Digital IP)?

• Processing of image data for human

interpretation;

• Processing of image data for

autonomous machine perception.

• Processing of image data for storage,

and transmission.

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Definition of a digital image I(m,n)- described in a 2D discrete space

In this class,

value = f(x,y) or I(m,n)

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

• Imaging machines cover almost

the entire EM spectrum

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

天鵝座環狀星雲

Positron

Emission

Tomography

正子電腦斷層造影術

醫學、天文

核子反應爐閥之放射線影像

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

血管造影術

天鵝座環狀星雲?

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

天鵝座環狀星雲

螢光顯微技術─ 染病玉米

螢光顯微技術

─ 正常玉米

?

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

膽固醇

抗癌藥物

Audio CD

?

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

人工眼球水晶體

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

微波雷達影像

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

醫學、天文

Magnetic Resonance Imaging （磁振造影術）

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

蟹狀星雲脈衝星

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Seismic Imaging 震測影像

• Other Imaging Modalities (other than EM)

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction超音波影像 Ultrasound Imaging

甲狀腺

肌肉損傷

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction掃描式電子顯微鏡Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM)

燒斷之鎢絲燈燈絲

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: IntroductionComputer Generated Images

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Chapter 1: Introduction

e.g., ROI,

defect models

Display

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Three Major Categories of IP Operations

• Image Enhancement and

Restoration

• Measurement Extraction

• Image Compression

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Image Enhancement and Restoration

Application of the median filter

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Image Enhancement and Restoration

Adjusting the image histogram to improve image contrast

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Application of the 2-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform

Image Enhancement and Restoration

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Image Enhancement and Restoration

remove the foreground

objects by applying a 25

by 25 greyscale dilation

operation

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Thresholding an image or

applying a Watershed Separation Filter

Image Enhancement and Restoration

Yi-Ping Hung - NTU CSIE 922 U3010

Components of an IP System