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ABSTRAK
GAMBARAN PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
DI UPT PUSKESMAS PASUNDAN KOTA BANDUNG
PERIODE 2016
Jones Vita Galuh Syailendra, 2014
Pembimbing 1 : Dani, dr., M.Kes.
Pembimbing 2 : Budi Widyarto, dr., MH
Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang disebabkan oleh
defisiensi produksi insulin pankreas, atau inefektivitas interaksi insulin terhadap
jaringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi penyakit
DM tipe 2 di UPT Puskesmas Pasundan periode 2016 menurut golongan usia,
jenis kelamin, Body Mass Index (BMI), Gula Darah 2jam Post Prandial (GD2PP),
dan Gula Darah Puasa (GDP). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif
observasional dengan rancangan penelitian retrospektif terhadap data rekam medis
pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di UPT Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode 2016.
Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa angka kejadian DM tipe 2 di UPT
Puskesmas Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode 2016 adalah 61 kasus diabetes
melitus, kelompok usia terbanyak 59-65 tahun (27,9%). Berdasarkan jenis
kelamin terbanyak pada laki-laki sebanyak 34 kasus (55,7%). Berdasarkan faktor
risiko penderita obesitas sebanyak 61 kasus (100%). Pada pemeriksaan gula darah
didapatkan penderita dengan peningkatan GDP pada bulan Agustus dan
September sebanyak 19,67% dan terdapat peningkatan GD2PP pada bulan
September sebanyak 32,79%. Data diatas diketahui bahwa angka kejadian
diabetes melitus periode 2016 sebesar 61 kasus, meningkat pada usia 59-65 tahun
dan jenis kelamin terbanyak pada laki-laki. Faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi DM
adalah obesitas dan glukosa darah yang tidak terkontrol.
Kata kunci : diabetes melitus, gambaran klinis
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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ABSTRACT
THE DESCRIPTION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN
PASUNDAN COMMUNITY HEALTHCARE BANDUNG 2016 PERIOD
Jones Vita Galuh Syailendra, 2014
Preceptor 1 : Dani, dr., M.Kes.
Preceptor 2 : Budi Widyarto, dr., MH
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by pancreatic insulin
production deficiency or insulin-tissue-interaction ineffectivity. The purpose of
this study was to determine the distribution of type 2 DM in Pasundan Community
Healthcare, Bandung within the year 2016 based on age, gender, BMI, 2 hour
post-prandial blood glucose level, and fasting glucose level. This research was an
observational descriptive research with retrospective design on type 2 DM
patients’ medical record in Pasundan community healthcare within 2016 period.
The result showed the incidence of type 2 DM in Pasundan community healthcare
2016 period was 61 cases, most affected patients were aged between 59 to 65
years old (27.9%). Most patients were male with 34 cases (55.7%). Based on risk
factor, the most was obesity with 61 cases (100%). On blood glucose level
examination there was an increase of fasting plasma glucose level in August and
September 19,67% and an increase in 2 hour post-prandial level in September
with 32,79%%. From above data was known the incidence of DM within August
to December 2016 was 61 cases, peaked on 59 to 65 years age group and most
affected patients were male. The risk factor that affected DM was obesity and
uncontrolled blood glucose level
Keyword: diabetes mellitus, clinical manifestation
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN........................................................................... i
SURAT PERNYATAAN .............................................................................. iii
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... v
KATA PENGANTAR .................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN............................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah................................................................................ 2
1.3 Maksud dan Tujuan ................................................................................ 3
1.3.1 Maksud Penelitian ..................................................................................... 3
1.3.2. Tujuan Penelitian ....................................................................................... 3
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................. 3
1.4.1 Manfaat akademik ...................................................................................... 3
1.4.2 Manfaat praktis ........................................................................................... 3
1.5 Landasan Teori ....................................................................................... 3
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................... 5
2.1 Anatomi Pankreas ............................................................................................. 5
2.1.1 Ductus Pancreaticus .................................................................................. 6
2.1.2 Vaskularisasi Pankreas ............................................................................... 6
2.1.3 Histologi Pankreas ...................................................................................... 7
2.2 Metabolisme Energi Karbohidrat ...................................................................... 9
2.3 Diabetes Melitus .............................................................................................. 11
2.3.1 Definisi Diabetes Melitus ......................................................................... 11
2.3.2 Epidemiologi Diabetes Melitus ................................................................ 11
2.3.3 Faktor Risiko Diabetes Melitus ................................................................ 12
2.3.4 Klasifikasi dan Patogenesis Diabetes Melitus .......................................... 13
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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2.3.5 Patofisiologi Diabetes Melitus ................................................................. 15
2.3.6 Diagnosis Diabetes Melitus ...................................................................... 16
2.3.7 Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus ........................................................... 17
2.3.8 Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus ................................................................... 22
2.3.9 Komplikasi Diabetes Melitus ................................................................... 22
2.4 Gambaran Umum Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................... 24
2.4.1 Profil Puskesmas ...................................................................................... 24
2.4.2 Profil Kecamatan ...................................................................................... 26
2.4.2.1 Kondisi Topografi ................................................................................. 26
2.4.2.2 Kondisi Sosiodemografi ........................................................................ 26
BAB III BAHAN DAN METODE PENELITIAN.................................... 27
3.1 Bahan Penelitian ................................................................................... 27
3.2 Subjek Penelitian .................................................................................. 27
3.3 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................................ 27
3.4 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................. 27
3.4.1 Desain Penelitian .................................................................................. 27
3.4.2 Variabel Penelitian................................................................................ 28
3.5 Prosedur penelitian ............................................................................... 28
3.6 Definisi Operasional ............................................................................. 29
3.7 Aspek Etik Penelitian ........................................................................... 30
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ..................................................... 31
4.1 Hasil Pengumpulan Data ................................................................................. 31
4.2 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut Usia di UPT Puskesmas
Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode Agustus - Desember 2016 ....................................... 31
4.3 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut Jenis kelamin di UPT
Puskesmas Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode Agustus - Desember 2016 ..................... 32
4.4 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut BMI di UPT Puskesmas
Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode Agustus – Desember 2016 ....................................... 32
4.5 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut GDP Bulan Agustus -
Desember di UPT Puskesmas Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode 2016 ......................... 33
4.6 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut GD2PP Bulan Agustus –
Desember di UPT Puskesmas Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode 2016 ......................... 34
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 35
5.1 Simpulan ......................................................................................................... 35
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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5.2 Saran ………………………………………………………………………...35
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................. 37
DATA REKAM MEDIK............................................................................. 48
RIWAYAT HIDUP...................................................................................... 54
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Target Terapi Diabetes Melitus…………………………………...17
Tabel 2.2 Agen Antidiabetik dan
Dosis……………………………………...19
Tabel 2.3 Sepuluh Pola Penyakit Terbanyak Penderita
Umum………………25
Table 2.4 Epidemiologi Penderita DM tipe
2………………………………...25
Tabel 4.1 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut
Usia……………..31
Tabel 4.2 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut Jenis
Kelamin……32
Tabel 4.3 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut
BMI……………...32
Tabel 4.4 Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut GDP bulan Agustus
– Desember……………………………………………………….33
Tabel 4.5Distribusi Angka Kejadian DM tipe 2 Menurut GD2PP bulan
Agustus –
Desember…………………………………………….................34
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Anatomi
Pankreas………………………………………………..5
Gambar 2.2 Vaskularisasi Pankreas…………………………………………..7
Gambar 2.3 Histologi Pankreas…………………………………………….....8
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Data Penderita DM tipe 2 di Kota Bandung Tahun 2016……....41
Lampiran 2 Surat Keputusan Komisi Etik Penelitian……………………….45
Lampiran 3 Surat Izin Penelitian…………………………………………….46
Lampiran 4 Hasil Rekam Medis Pasien DM tipe 2 di UPT Puskesmas
Pasundan Kota Bandung Periode
2016…………………………………………………48
Universitas Kristen Maranatha
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