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Dr. Intan Nurma Yulita, M.T
• Ketua Pusat Riset Kecerdasan Artifisial dan Big Data Universitas Padjadjaran
• Pengalaman instruktur:
o Artificial Intelligence-Oracle Academy
o Artificial Intelligence-Huawei
o Machine Learning- Bangkit Academy
AI di Mata Masyarakat
Haidian Park: First AI-themed Park in the World
StarCraft II: AlphaStar Beat Professional Players
AI-created Edmond de Belamy Sold at US$430,000
Dem and f or AI Programmers: 𝗍 35 Times! Salary:
Top1!
50%Jobs Will be Replaced by AI in the future
Winter is Coming? AI Faces Challenges
…
The Terminator
2001: ASpace Odyssey
The Matrix
I, Robot
Blade Runner
Elle
Bicentennial Man
…
⚫ Orang-orang mengenal AI melalui berita, film, dan aplikasi aktual dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Apa AI di mata publik?
Music/Movie recommendation
Smart speaker
Ai facial fortune-telling
Vacuum cleaning robot
Self-service bank terminal
Intelligent customer service
Siri
…
News
AI Applications
AI industry outlook
Challenges faced by AI
…
Movies
AI Control over human
beings
Fall in love with AI
Self-awareness of AI
…
Applications in daily life
Security protection
Entertainment
Smart Home
Finance
…
AI di Mata Peneliti
• The science of m a k i n g machines do things that wo u l d require intelligence if d o n e b y m e n
• M a r v In M In s k y
• "I propose to consider the question, 'Can machines think?'"
• — Alan Turing 1950
• The branch of computer science concerned wi t h m a k i n g computers behave likehumans.
• — John M cCart hy 1956
Apa itu Intelligences?⚫
⚫
Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
Human intelligences can be divided into seven categories:
Verbal/Linguistic
Logical/Mathematical
Visual/Spatial
Bodily/Kinesthetic
Musical/Rhythmic
Inter-personal/Social
Intra-personal/Introspective
Apa itu AI?⚫ Artificial Intelligence (AI) adalah ilmu teknis baru yang mempelajari dan mengembangkan teori,
metode, teknik, dan sistem aplikasi untuk meniru dan memperluas kecerdasan manusia. Pada tahun
1956, konsep AI pertama kali diusulkan oleh John McCarthy, yang mendefinisikan subjek sebagai
"sains dan rekayasa pembuatan mesin cerdas, terutama program komputer cerdas". AI prihatin
dengan membuat mesin bekerja dengan cara yang cerdas, mirip dengan cara dia bekerja. Saat ini AI
telah menjadi mata kuliah interdisipliner yang melibatkan berbagai bidang.
AI
Brain
science Cognitive
science
Psychology
LinguisticsLogic
Philosophy
Computer
science
Identification of concepts related to AI and machine learning
AI Development Report 2020
Sejarah Pengembangan AI
1 9 5 6-1 9 7 6
Fi rst p er i od of boom
Th e con cep t and development target
of AI wer e determ ined at the
Dar tmou th conf erence.
19 50 s 19 60 s 19 70 s 19 80 s 19 90 s 20 00 s 20 10 s 20 20 s
1 9 7 6-1 9 8 2
Fi rst p er i od of
low eb b
AI suff ered from
quest ioning and
crit i c ism d u e to
insufficient
comput i ngcapabi l i t ies, h igh
comput i ng
complexi ty, and
great di ff icul ty of
inference
real ization.
1 9 8 2-1 9 8 7Sec ond per i od
of boom
Exp er t syst em
cap ab le of l og i c
rule inference
and an swer in g
quest ions of
speci fic fields
wen t popu lar
and fifth-
gen er ati on
c om p u ter s
de velo ped .
1 9 8 7-1 9 9 7
S ec on d per i od of low
ebbTechnical f ields faced
bottlenecks , peop le
on lon ger focused on
abstract inference,
and models bas ed on
symbol process i ng
wer e rejected.
1 9 9 7-2 0 1 0
Per i od of recov ery
Compu t ing per formance
was improved and Internet
technologies got
popularized quickly.
2 0 1 0-
Per i od of rap id growth
New- generat i oninformation technologies
tr iggered transformation of
in formation env i ron men t
and data bas i s . Mul ti -
model data such as
mass ive images, voices,
and texts emerged
continuously. Comput ing
capabi l i t ies wer e imp roved .
1956 : AI was p roposed at
the Dar tmou th Conferen ce.
1959 : Ar thur Samuel
p roposed machine
learning.
1 9 7 6: Du e to failure
of projects s u c h a s
m ac h i n e tr ansl at i on
an d n eg ative im p act
of some academic
repor ts, the fund forAI was decreased
in general .
1985: Decision-
mak in g tree
model s wi th
better
visual ization
effect and mul ti -
lay er ANNs
wh ich broketh rou gh the l imi t
of early
percept ron. 1 9 8 7 : Th e
market of L ISP
mach ines
col lapsed.
1997 : De ep Blue
defeated the wor ld
chess champion
Garry Kas parov .
2 0 0 6 : Hin ton and his
students st ar ted deep
learning.
2 0 1 0 : Th e
era of big
data
came.
2014 : Microsoft
released the fi rst
indiv idual intel l igent
assistant Microsf t
Cor tana in the wor l d .
2 0 1 6 March : Alp haGo
defeated the wor ld
champion Go player Lee
Sed ol by 4-1.
2017 October: T he D e epMind team released
Alp haGo Zero, the
s tron ges t version of
Alp haGo.
Overview Teknologi AI⚫ Teknologi AI berlapis-lapis, meliputi aplikasi, algorithm, toolchain, device, chip.
Application
Algorithm
Device
Chip
Process
Tipe AI⚫ Strong AI
Mesin cerdas yang benar-benar dapat menalar dan memecahkanmasalah. Mesin seperti itu dianggap sadar dan mandiri memikirkanmasalah dan menjalankan solusi optimal untuk menemukan masalah, danmemiliki semua naluri yang sama dengan makhluk hidup, sepertikebutuhan kelangsungan hidup dan keamanan.
⚫ Weak AI
Mesin tidak dapat benar-benar bernalar dan memecahkan masalah.Mesin-mesin ini hanya terlihat cerdas, tetapi tidak memiliki kecerdasanyang nyata atau kesadaran diri.
Klasifikasi Robot Cerdas⚫ Saat ini, tidak ada definisi yang seragam tentang penelitian AI. Robot cerdas
adalah umumnya diklasifikasikan menurut empat jenis:
"Thinking like human beings": weak AI, such as Watson and AlphaGo
"Acting like human beings": weak AI, such as humanoid robot, iRobot, and Atlas of
Boston Dynamics
"Thinking rationally": strong AI (Currently, no intelligent robots of this type have
been created due to the bottleneck in brain science.)
"Acting rationally": strong AI
Ekosistem Industri AI
⚫ The four elements of AI are data, algorithm, computing power, and scenario. To meet requirements of these f our
elements, we need to combine AI with cloud computing, big data, and IoT to build an intelligent society.
Distribution of AI Application Technologies
⚫ At present, application directions of AI technologies mainly include:
Computer vision: a science of how to make computers "see"
Speech processing: a general t erm for various processing technologies
used t o research t he voicing process, statistical features of speech signals,
speech recognition, machine- based speech synthesis, and speech
perceptrion
Natural language processing (NLP) : a subject that use computer
technologies t o understand and use natural
language
AI Application Field - Smart City
Social
management
scenarios
Public service
scenarios
Industry
operation
scenarios
Individual
application
scenarios
AI +Security
protection
AI +
Transportation
AI +Energy
AI +Agriculture
AI + Building
AI +Retail
AI +Life and
entertainment
AI +Education
AI + Healthcare
AI + Government
AI + Service robot
AI Will ChangeAll Industries
• Disaster prediction improvement
• Robot teacher
• Precision cure • Abstraction
• Inspection
Public sector Education Healthcare Media Pharmacy Logistics Finance
• Safe City • Personalization • Early prevention • Real-time • Fast R&D • Routing planning • Doc process
• Intel l igent transport • Attention • Diagnosis assistance tra nslation • Precise trial • Moni tor ing • Real-time f
raud• Auto sorting prevention
• Up-sell
• Targeted medicine
Insurance
• Auto detection
• Fraud prevention
• Innovative service
Retail
• Staff-less shops
• Real-time inventory
• Precise
recommendations
Manufacturing
• Defect detection
• Industrial internet
• Predictive maintenance
Telecom
• Customer service
• Auto O&M
• Auto optimization
Agriculture
• Fertilization improvement
Remote operation
• Seeds development
Oil and gas
• Localization
• Remote maintenance
• Operation optimization
19
Bagaimana pelaksanaan ujian online yang efektif?
• Action camera• Microphone • Web camera• Handy camera• Kombinasi?
Peserta ujian menjawab soal
essay
Penguji menyusun soal dan
kunci jawaban
Database
Teks
Jawaban
Database
Teks Kunci
Jawaban
Text Pre-
processing
Text Pre-
processing
Word2vec
Word2vec
Membandingkan
jawaban peserta
ujian dengan kunci
jawaban
menggunakan
Kecerdasan
Artifisial
Nilai Ujian
Essay
Input
Input
Output
Input
Dokumen jawaban
TokenisasiFiltering
(stopword removal)Stemming
Text Pre-processing
Text preprocessing
Outputs
Backward Layer
Forward Layer
Inputs
… …
… 𝑥𝑡−1 𝑥𝑡 𝑥𝑡+1 …
𝑜𝑡−1 𝑜𝑡 𝑜𝑡+1
ℎ𝑡+1ℎ𝑡ℎ𝑡−1
ℎ𝑡+1ℎ𝑡ℎ𝑡−1
Classifier: Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory
References
• HUAWEI HCIA-AI Materials
• Atoum, Y., Chen, L., Liu, A. X., Hsu, S. D., & Liu, X. (2017). Automated online exam proctoring. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 19(7), 1609-1624.
• Kumar, V., & Boulanger, D. (2020, October). Explainable Automated Essay Scoring: Deep Learning Really Has Pedagogical Value. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 5, p. 186). Frontiers.
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