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HUKUM OHM & S ERIES C IRCUIT
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H UKUM O HM
Takrifan : arus yang mengalir dalam suatu litar berkadar terus dengan voltan dan berkadar songsang dengan rintangan beban pada suhu
tetap.
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F ORMULA H UKUM O HM
V= IR
y
I=
arus yang mengalir melalui rintangan beban( A mpere, A )y V = voltage merentasi rintangan beban (volt, V )y R = rintangan beban ( O hm, )
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S ERIES C IRCUITSIn a se ries circuit, the electrons in the current have to pass throughall the components, which are arranged in a line.
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S ERIES C IRCUITSC onsider a typical series circuit in which there are three resistors of value R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 . The values may be the same, or different.
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C HARA CTE
R IST
IC O F SE
R IE
S CCT
There are two key points about a seriescircuit:
y
Thecu
rr e
nt throughout the circuit is thesamey The vol tag es add up to the battery voltage.
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V OLT
AGE
IN SE
R IE
S CCT
Therefore:
VT
= V 1 + V 2 + V 3
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V OLT
AGE
IN SE
R IE
S CCT
F rom O hms Law we know:V T = IR T;V 1 = IR 1 ;V 2 = IR 2 ;V 3 = IR 3
IR T = IR 1 + IR 2 + IR 3
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RE
SIST
A NCE
IN SE
R IE
S CCT
Therefore:
This is true for any number of resistors in series.
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C AL C ULAT
IO N
Merujuk kepada rajah di atas. Hitung :
1. Jumlah rintangan litar, R t2. Arus litar, I t3. Susut voltan pada perintang R14. Voltan pada titik X5. Lesapan kuasa pada perintang R4
Diberi nilai :
Vs = 10 VR1 = 30 R2 = 3kR3 = 3.5k R4 = 230R5 = 50
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J umlah rintangan litar, R t
R t = R1 + R 2 + R 3 + R4 + R5= 30 + 3 k + 3 .5k + 230 + 50= 6.8 1 k
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A rus litar, It
It = V s
R t= 10 V
6.8 1 k= 1 .47 m A
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