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This document presents the Air Quality Forecasting System at the National Environmental Protection Agency in Romania
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Context
Air quality in Romania and EU background behind ROMAIR………………3
Project
Project objectives and fact sheet…………………………………………………………4
Partners…………………………………………….……………………………………………….5
Results and their dissemination
Results and their dissemination………………………………………………………..6
Virtual dissemination…………………………………………………………..………… 11
Physical dissemination………………………………….………………………………….12
Forthcoming dissemination activities………………….…………………….…… 13
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Atmospheric pollution is an important challenge for all the
European Members, since there is clear evidence of its
dangerous consequences both on health and environment.
Atmospheric pollution is a complex problem, since it is an
extended phenomenon, generated by many activities, such as
rising industrial and energy production, burning of fossil of
fuels, increasing road traffic, residential heating, etc.
For more than 40 years, EU has been implementing directives
to tackle air pollutants. The Ambient Air Quality directives
insists on the need to institute targets regarding ambient air
quality in the European Union; evaluate ambient air quality in
all the member States of the European Union, based on
common methods and criteria; obtain adequate information
which are then given to the public through various means;
maintain ambient air quality where it is good or otherwise
improve it.
The European Union's Directives have been integrated into
Romanian legislation; the necessary administrative structure
has been established and put into practice; the Romanian
Government adopted a National Strategy concerning Climate
Change in July 2005, implying a coordinated and concentrated
effort for preparing the adaptations necessary to meet the
possible effects of climate change until 2013.
Bucharest, capital of Romania, has a population of 2.000.000
inhabitants. It is the largest city of Romania, as well as the financial,
cultural and industrial capital of the country. Like other European cities,
pollution has become a major concern for the city.
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ROMAIR provides the appropriate tools to the Environment Protection agencies
(national as well as regional and local) to:
The ROMAIR LIFE+ project aims at helping the Romanian authorities to improve
public health and quality of life, with a comprehensive air quality modeling and
forecasting system.
The system implemented provides the authorities with complementary tools for
air quality management enabling operational air quality forecasting as well as
strategic planning for the study of future emission reduction scenarios. Moreover,
it encourages changes in citizens’ behaviour as far as air quality and environment
are concerned.
Identify the critical areas and the critical
pollutants
Assist in the implementation of the
Romanian laws derived from European
Directives on Air Quality
Evaluate the efficiency of the actions
proposed at various levels on the ambient
air quality before implementing them
Assess the interaction between actions
oriented towards pollution reduction
Base their future emissions reduction plans
on initial inventories
Explore the impact of climate change on
Public Health, due to the evolution of the
meteorological conditions above Romania
Project factsheet
Project type : Life+
Project website : www.romair.eu
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Contact: Mr. MOUSSAFIR Jacques Aria Technologies
8-10 rue de la Ferme 92100 Boulogne Billancourt (France) Tel: +331 46 08 68 60
E-mail: jmoussafir@aria.fr
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ARIA Technologies was founded in 1990 in Paris to respond to
a single concern, the atmospheric environment, through
numerical simulation of the dispersion of pollutants in the
atmosphere. This single focused specialization has enabled ARIA
Technologies to build a comprehensive team of engineers,
research scientists, and environment specialists who bring
together the knowledge of fluid dynamics, meteorology,
atmospheric chemistry, applied computing, database
management, and geographic information systems.
The National Environment Protection Agency (NEPA) is a
public institution with legal personality, financed by the
national budget, subordinated to Ministry of Environment and
Sustainable Development (MESD), with responsibilities in
policies and legislation implementation in the environment
protection domain. Its main objectives are the strengthening of
Romania's administrative, monitoring and enforcement
capacities and capabilities at national, regional and local level in
the environment protection domain.
RSI Electro is a provider of measurements thanks to its own
mobile laboratories. Its core competences are located in
monitoring systems for environmental quality, mobile
laboratories for air pollution monitoring, gas monitoring
systems for the control of industrial procedures, detection
systems dedicated to toxic and explosive gases, oxygen
measurement equipments and waste water measurement
systems.
Euroquality is a service provider established in 1997
specialised in Innovation and European research projects. Its
main activities are consultancy in innovation, technology
transfer, economical studies and policy evaluation,
technological audits and the management of European
research and development projects. Euroquality is also an
expert of IT developments and communication services.
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The various data necessary for air quality modeling has been
geolocalized and incorporated into a GIS database. The
ROMAIR ArcGIS database includes the geographic boundaries
for all administrative entities (regions, judetes, and
municipalities), emissions sources (LPS, traffic links, area
sources, airports,...), land-use characteristics, air quality and
meteorological stations etc. The database has further been
completed with information on emissions sources (LPS, traffic
links, area sources, airports,...) as well as statistics on
population and fuel consumption for the different
administrative entities. NEPA was responsible for collecting the
data for the ROMAIR GIS database and ARIA Technologies was
in charge of data processing and for selecting which data to
use for the air quality modeling.
Traffic data collection and traffic emission modeling
The calculation of traffic flow and traffic emissions in Romania
with special focus on Bucharest has been carried out within the
framework of the ROMAIR project. For this purpose, all
relevant information on the road traffic structure in Romania
has been collected (road infrastructure, vehicle flow,
composition of the vehicle fleet).
The set of traffic counting data collected was provided by the
Romanian Auto Register (RAR) and the Ministry of Transport.
The models CarUSO (traffic assignment model) and TREFIC
(emission calculation model) were configured and applied for
the ROMAIR traffic simulations.
The models CarUSO (traffic assignment model) and TREFIC
(emission calculation model) were configured and applied for
the ROMAIR traffic simulations.
Inventory of emission sources
An exhaustive inventory of emission sources in Romania was
carried out by collecting available data for the most recent
year. The data collected for ROMAIR is largely based on a
bottom up approach and includes state-of-the art emission
inventory estimations and calculations for Romania. The data
collection was organised by NEPA and involved a large number
of data providers. The final ROMAIR emission database
contains:
Over 4 000 large point sources (industrial stacks, flares,...)
16 420 line sources (on-road traffic, maritime routes, air traffic corridors,...)
About 8 000 area sources (areas with diffuse emissions such as residential heating, agricultural activities, evaporation losses from extraction and distribution of fossil fuels,...)
Emission Manager
All the data from the emissions inventory was aggregated and
processed with a modular package called Emission Manager
which processes and prepares model-ready inputs for the
chemical transport model CHIMERE.
a special consideration was given to the VOC emissions,
which require further segregation into individual species.
Using the basic IER profiles, VOC emissions were split
over 334 VOC species
source geometry (polygons, lines, points) were projected
to the regular modeling grid cells
total emissions accounted for in the emission inventory
were modulated in time according to the activity
patterns for each sector.
Merge of Global and Local Emission Inventory
In order to avoid simulating a domain with “clean-air”
inflow over the territory of Romania, the emissions
from neighboring countries has been accounted for.
The emission data is taken from the EMEP database
(European Monitoring and Evaluation Program) and
includes a large part of Europe, Turkey, Ukraine and
the south western part of the Russian Federation. The
figure illustrates the emissions of NO2 obtained on the
three ROMAIR modeling domains after integration of
the global (EMEP) inventory and the local ROMAIR
inventory carried out by NEPA.
Meteorological and Dispersion Models
The sequence of forecast and simulation models used
in the ROMAIR system for meteorology (WRF) and air
quality (CHIMERE) is widely used by Public Bodies in
France and in Europe.
The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model
is a numerical weather prediction (NWP) and
atmospheric simulation system designed for both
research and operational applications. The CHIMERE
multi-scale model is primarily designed to produce
daily forecasts of ozone, aerosols and other pollutants
and make long-term simulations for emission control
scenarios. It has been developed by the association of
three main French laboratories (IPSL, INERIS and LISA).
The ROMAIR air quality forecasting
system implemented at NEPA has been adapted and
tuned to Romanian conditions. The operational
system is issuing daily reports to inform on the
dispersion of criteria pollutants and maps of pollution
levels are available to the public on the ROMAIR web
site.
Validation of the models and LIDAR field campaign
For the validation of the photochemical dispersion
model, CHIMERE, daily predictions where compared
with observations at a selection of ambient air quality
stations. Hourly time series of air quality data were
extracted from the model predictions and compared
to experimental data, focusing on high pollution
episodes for O3, NO2 and PM10. RSI carried out a
measurement campaign with the objective to verify
the validity of several key air quality stations used in
the validation process.
To increase the accuracy of the models and to provide
access to innovative modeling technologies, a twin
LIDAR (acronym for LIght Detection And Ranging) was
used for obtaining vertical wind velocity profiles (wind
LIDAR) and mixing height (aerosol LIDAR) over
Bucharest.
RSI
Definition and simulation of emission reduction
scenarios.
The validated modeling system was finally applied in
scenario mode for evaluating national and regional
plans related to emission abatement strategies aiming
to reduce air pollution.
Five scenarios were elaborated and defined jointly by
NEPA and ARIA in collaboration with local authorities
and project stakeholders who had a consulting role for
elaborating and approving strategies on emission
reduction. The scenarios chosen should be considered
as indicators of realistic short or medium term
solutions to air quality problems and traffic planning.
Training and capacity building
Throughout the whole ROMAIR project, various
training sessions on the models were performed in
accordance with the main steps of the project
implementation. The objective was to perform
training in a way to optimize transfer of knowledge.
The training program included ten different sessions
and was further divided into “expert” training (with
one or a couple of participants) and “general” training
sessions (for a larger ROMAIR target group).
At the final phase of the project, a capacity building
session was organized comprising 10 days of technical
training. The main objective of this action was to
enable local users of the ROMAIR modeling system to
reach the highest level possible of autonomy on the
new system and models implemented in order to
maximize its use as a decision-making tool. A general
presentation of the ROMAIR project results, targeting
different stakeholders in Romania, was organized in
June 2012.
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What is meant by “virtual campaign”?
The ROMAIR virtual
campaign is the result of
various online actions and
activities targeting the
Romanian population. The
main objective is to increase
the public awareness about
air quality and air pollution.
Online public portal (www.romair.eu)
Information on the project, its main achievements
and events.
Modeling results and quarterly newsletter
Restricted access for experts
(www.romair.eu/cms)
Access to real time information on air
pollution quality and forecasts in Romania
during the model implementation phase
Exchange of project documents
Virtual campaign on best practices (through
the website’s “Learn More” tab)
Focus on heating systems and vehicles
Focus on how to reduce everyone’s
contribution to CO2 emissions
Campaign through others means (local
municipalities, leaflets, brochures,
conferences…) for those who don’t have
access to the Internet
Forum
Possibility for visitors to submit questions
about the project, which are directly sent to
the Project team’s mailbox
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Press releases about the project
Posters
Project leaflets
Information panel
Newsletters
Communication with the major Romanian
stakeholders
Presentation of the project and its results
Information about air quality modeling
Diffusion of the ROMAIR forecast system
among Romanian municipalities
Participation/Organisation/Hosting of several
events to communicate about ROMAIR
Among them :
o POLLUTEC environmental exhibition in
France and Morocco which were held in
Paris, Lyon and Casablanca, the years 2010
and 2011. ARIA had their own stand at these
exhibitions and promoted ROMAIR with the
ROMAIR poster and ROMAIR newsletters
and leaflets
o HARMO 13 Paris (France) in June 2010 and
HARMO 14 Kos (Greece) in October 2011
(international conference on "Harmonisation
within Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling for
Regulatory Purposes”). ARIA disseminated
ROMAIR with newsletters and leaflets as
well as with a poster presentation of the
ROMAIR project results.
Dissemination in figures
- 8 posters (4 in English, 4
in Romanian)
- 1000 leaflets (500 in
English, 500 in Romanian)
- More than 15 attended
events
- More than 2200 online
visitors
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Even after the end of the project (June 2012), dissemination activities are to be pursued.
Among others…
The whole content of the website, including the seven
newsletters, have been translated to Romanian, in order
to facilitate communication with the local population.
A communication campaign is to be held in Romanian
schools, in order to increase awareness of the children
on environmental topics. The problematic is to be
tackled in an enjoyable way. Best practices are to be
presented so that children can learn how to become
more environmental-friendly in the every life.
Thanks to the already existing dissemination tools,
ROMAIR is to be promoted on the next important
international events dealing with environment, such as:
o The next POLLUTEC exhibition, which is to be
held in Lyon (France), the 27-20 November
2012
o HARMO 15, which is to be held in Madrid
(Spain), the 6-9 May 2012
o EUROPEAN MOBILITY WEEK: Bucharest
(Romania) - September 2013
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