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The Pax RomanaThe Pax Romana
The Roman EmpireThe Roman EmpireAugustus Caesar aka – Octavian,
sets up Roman Empire in 27 BC after defeating Marc Anthony.
Creates many reforms like: Civil service system – people of all
classes can have jobs. Set up uniform rule of law Guaranteed safe travel/trade on
Roman roads Created common coinage - make
trade easier. PRAETORIAN GUARD- Police of Rome
Augustus Caesar aka – Octavian, sets up Roman Empire in 27 BC after defeating Marc Anthony.
Creates many reforms like: Civil service system – people of all
classes can have jobs. Set up uniform rule of law Guaranteed safe travel/trade on
Roman roads Created common coinage - make
trade easier. PRAETORIAN GUARD- Police of Rome
The Pax RomanaThe Pax Romana
Augustus’ reign started 200 year period known as Pax Romana – Roman peace.
27 BC to AD 180 was peaceful and stable.
**ONLY INSTABILITY** was transfer of power - law didn’t provide easy succession of Emperors.
Augustus’ reign started 200 year period known as Pax Romana – Roman peace.
27 BC to AD 180 was peaceful and stable.
**ONLY INSTABILITY** was transfer of power - law didn’t provide easy succession of Emperors.
Awesome Augustus (27 B.C. - 14 A.D.)
Awesome Augustus (27 B.C. - 14 A.D.)
Often said Emperor Augustus, “Found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble.”
Unified and enlarged Roman Empire using imperial authority and strong military.
Often said Emperor Augustus, “Found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble.”
Unified and enlarged Roman Empire using imperial authority and strong military.
http://www.unf.edu/classes/freshmancore/core1images/augustus.jpg
The Julian EmperorsThe Julian EmperorsAugustus dies in AD 14. 4 emperors who follow are the Julian
emperors = all related to Julius Caesar.
Augustus dies in AD 14. 4 emperors who follow are the Julian
emperors = all related to Julius Caesar.
Tiberius (14-37 A.D.)
Tiberius (14-37 A.D.)
Very unpopularKnown for
making poor decisions and for attacking his enemies.
Said that ruling Rome was like “holding a wolf by it’s ears.”
Very unpopularKnown for
making poor decisions and for attacking his enemies.
Said that ruling Rome was like “holding a wolf by it’s ears.”
http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/tiberius.html
Crazy Caligula! (37-41 A.D.) Crazy Caligula! (37-41 A.D.) Caligula takes over
in AD 37.Grand- nephew to
TiberiusBrutal, corrupt,
mentally disturbedNames his horse to
be a consul.Praetorian Guard
assassinated Crazy Caligula in AD 41.
Caligula takes over in AD 37.
Grand- nephew to Tiberius
Brutal, corrupt, mentally disturbed
Names his horse to be a consul.
Praetorian Guard assassinated Crazy Caligula in AD 41.
http://www.aeria.phil.uni-erlangen.de/photo_html/portraet/roemisch/kaiserzeit/benannt/caligula/caligu4.JPG
Crippled Claudius(41-54 A.D.)
Crippled Claudius(41-54 A.D.)
Paralyzed uncle of Caligula takes over in AD 41.
Very smart, great leader.
His humility made him very popular
Dies in AD 54Stepson Nero takes
the throne
Paralyzed uncle of Caligula takes over in AD 41.
Very smart, great leader.
His humility made him very popular
Dies in AD 54Stepson Nero takes
the throne
http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/claudius.html
Nasty Nero(54-68 A.D.)Nasty Nero(54-68 A.D.)
Got the crazy genes from Caligula.
Had mother, wife, and many senators murdered.
Persecuted ChristiansNeglected duties, became
fearful he would be killed, and committed suicide in AD 68.
Got the crazy genes from Caligula.
Had mother, wife, and many senators murdered.
Persecuted ChristiansNeglected duties, became
fearful he would be killed, and committed suicide in AD 68.
http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/nero.html
Confusion and ChaosConfusion and Chaos
In next year, 4 generals lead Rome (“The Year of the Four Emperors”).
Vespasian eventually wins, starts rule in AD 69. (rules for ten years)
Extends Roman citizenship to all men in military.
Sons Titus and Domitian take over.
In next year, 4 generals lead Rome (“The Year of the Four Emperors”).
Vespasian eventually wins, starts rule in AD 69. (rules for ten years)
Extends Roman citizenship to all men in military.
Sons Titus and Domitian take over.
Vespasian(69-79 A.D.)Vespasian
(69-79 A.D.)
Pivotal moment: The first emperor not related to the family of Augustus, Vespasian achieved imperial power by the support of the armies and via a special law enacted to confer authority on him.
Pivotal moment: The first emperor not related to the family of Augustus, Vespasian achieved imperial power by the support of the armies and via a special law enacted to confer authority on him.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/romespivotalemperors_gallery_02.shtml
The Good EmperorsThe Good EmperorsGood Emperors rule from AD 96- 180.Include :
Nerva – appointed by Senate, popular with people, not with military
Trajan - extended empire to its furthest reaches Hadrian – Builds Wall across north Britain to
protect against invaders.Secured the Roman borders.
Antoninus Pius Marcus Aurelius – Respected scholar
- His death in AD 180 ends the Pax Romana
Good Emperors rule from AD 96- 180.Include :
Nerva – appointed by Senate, popular with people, not with military
Trajan - extended empire to its furthest reaches Hadrian – Builds Wall across north Britain to
protect against invaders.Secured the Roman borders.
Antoninus Pius Marcus Aurelius – Respected scholar
- His death in AD 180 ends the Pax Romana
HadrianHadrian
117-138 A.D.117-138 A.D.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/romespivotalemperors_gallery_03.shtml
Hadrian’s WallHadrian’s Wall
http://www.contours.co.uk/self-guided/images/hadrians-wall.gif
http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/img_400/hw_housesteads_03.jpg
Marcus AureliusMarcus Aurelius･ Born 121 ADReigned 161 -
180 AD
･ Born 121 ADReigned 161 -
180 AD
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/romespivotalemperors_gallery_04.shtml
http://skyscraper.fortunecity.com/quantum/773/fotos/gladiator6.jpg
SummarySummary“The emperor was what he did.”
Regardless of the strengths or weaknesses of a leader, Rome still ran fairly smoothly.
Many of the problems are rooted in the fact that Augustus never set up clear standards for succession of power.
The emperor answered first and foremost to the military.
“The emperor was what he did.”
Regardless of the strengths or weaknesses of a leader, Rome still ran fairly smoothly.
Many of the problems are rooted in the fact that Augustus never set up clear standards for succession of power.
The emperor answered first and foremost to the military.
The End of the Pax Romana
The End of the Pax Romana
A succession of weak leaders and civil wars follows as Rome begins its slow decline.
A succession of weak leaders and civil wars follows as Rome begins its slow decline.
ReflectionReflection
After learning about some of the emperors, the Pax Romana does not seem very peaceful? Why do you think it carried that name?
After learning about some of the emperors, the Pax Romana does not seem very peaceful? Why do you think it carried that name?
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