Muhammad Hammaad Zubair

Roll Number 30(A)

Nauman Ali Roll Number 41(A)

Project Members

AWKUM

Project Title

AWKUM

Image Enhancement System

Image enhancement is the improvement of

digital image quality, This improvement includes filtering of the image and noise removal as well, In which degraded image can be restored

Introduction

AWKUM

The main theme of this project is to open an

image and then apply the image processing techniques, these techniques may include,

Noise removal filtering Image enhancement

Project Description And Aims

AWKUM

Definition: Image processing, deals with the

type of signals for which the input is an image and the output is also an image or parameters related to the image. As its name suggest, it deals with the processing on images

Image Processing

AWKUM

Image Image

Input Output Processing

Analog images:

Analog image processing refers to the alteration of image through electrical meanFor example: Television image

Digital image:Digital image processing refers

processing of the image in digital form (0,1)For example: Digital camera

Types of image processing

AWKUM

Medical:

X-ray, MRI, CAT etc Google map:

satellite/aerial views of land etc Industry:

inspection of items, products etc Law enforcement:

finger prints etc

Applications of Image Processing

AWKUM

It can avoid problems such as the building up

of noise and signal distortion during processing

Digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional system

Digital image processing provide real instant images.

Processing is easy, efficient as more It has good accuracy, small physical cells and

very flexible

Advantages of digital image processing

AWKUM

Noise is unwanted undesired variations in

pixel intensity values captured or transmitted image, Gaussian noise Speckle noise Salt and pepper noise

Noise

AWKUM

Gaussian noise

Definition:variations in intensity drawn from a Gaussian normal distribution

AWKUM

Speckle noise

Definition:Speckle noise is

a granular noise that inherently exists in and degrades the quality of the active radar and synthetic aperture radar images

AWKUM

SALT AND PEPPER NOISE

Salt and pepper noise is also known as Impulse Noise.This noise can be caused by sharp & sudden disturbances in the image signal, Its appearance is randomly scattered white or black (or both) pixel over the image.

AWKUM

Filter is the process of removing some

unwanted signals or noise from picture We will apply some filter to remove

background noise from the image Gaussian filter Mean filter Median filter Set filter manually

Filter

AWKUM

Gaussian Filter

Gaussian filters weigh pixels based on their distance to the Location of convolution

Blurring noise while preserving features of the image

Smoothing the same in all directions More significance to neighboring pixels Gaussian filter removes the Gaussian noise

AWKUM

Gaussian cont..

AWKUM

Gaussian cont..

AWKUM

Gaussian cont..

3x3 mask, Sigma 0.5

AWKUM

Gaussian cont..

3x3 mask, Sigma 5

AWKUM

Gaussian cont..

3x3 mask, Sigma 10

AWKUM

Average Filter

Mean filter How it works

AWKUM

Mean filter is simple, and easy to implement

method for smoothing imageFor example: reducing the amount of intensity variation between one pixel and the next. It is open used to reduce noise in images

It is linear filter

Average filter Cont..

AWKUM

Average filter cont..

AWKUM

Median filter. How it works. Remove salt and pepper noise.

Median Filter

AWKUM

The median of the pixel value of the window is

computed, and then the center pixel of the window is replaced with the computed median value

The calculation of median is done is first sorting all the pixel value neighborhood (either ascending or descending order) and then replacing the pixel being considered with the middle pixel value

Median filter is non linear

Median filter

AWKUM

Median Filter cont..

Neighbors of mid value by mask

Arrange all in ascending order

Pick the mid value and replace it with mid of mask

AWKUM

Median filter cont..

AWKUM

Median filter cont..

AWKUM

Project slideshow

AWKUM

Gaussian Noise

Project slides cont..

Speckle Noise

AWKUM

Project slides cont..

Salt and Pepper noiseAWKUM

Project slides cont..

Gaussian filter

AWKUM

Project slides cont..

Median filter

AWKUM

Project slides cont..

Average filter

AWKUM

Project slides cont..

Set Filter Manually

AWKUM

We were working on image processing for

noise reduction system which can be used for image enhancement and removing different types of noise occurred in image while transferring or scanning data.

Future work will be on videos In Sha Allah

Conclusion

AWKUM

AWKUM