Europeans Explore the East

Chapter 3 Sec. 1

...WEST

Age of ExplorationWanted a direct sea route to Asia

Opportunity for huge profitsNew technology improved sea travel

Caravel shipNew cartography skillsHour glass, compass, and astrolabe

Early Travelers Portugal

First country to venture into Atlantic Proved you could sail around Africa

Under Ferdinand and Isabella, Spain joined Portugal in the race to Asia

Columbus landed in Caribbean Thought he was in India

Magellan 1519-Left with 250 me and

5 ships Spanish-Funded Named Pacific Magellan was killed in Philippines 1522-18 men and 1 ship return Proved world was round, much

larger than originally thought, and no feasible trade route west.

Portugal Concerned more about trade than

colonization In 1500’s, Portugal dominated

trade with Africa and India Colonized Brazil

SpainTwo Goals:

Acquire wealth (Gold)Convert natives to Christianity

Conquistadors conquered large American civilizationsCortez-Aztecs; Pizarro-Incan

Spain (cont.) By the 1600’s controlled much of N. &

S. America and the West Indies Native American population declined

Mistreatment European Disease

To replace them, Spanish began bringing over Africans to do work

The Netherlands In 1600’s, the Dutch pushed

Portugal out of Asia Amsterdam became the major

trade cityLarge Navy

FranceFrench went to North America

and the Caribbean for tradeLooked for a Northwest PassageJesuit missionaries converted

natives

EnglandEstablished colonies to provide

raw materials/religious freedomEarly N. Amer. Colonies included

Jamestown and PlymouthPushed Native American tribes

west

The Atlantic Slave Trade:Trade Triangle In 1600’s, European territories based

economies on slave labor European ships carried manufactured

goods to Africa for slaves. The ships took the slaves to the

Americas and sold them. The ships would bring back rum,

sugar and molasses

Ch. 4 Sec. 4

Columbian Exchange and Global Trade

Columbian ExchangeEuropeans introduced new

foods to colonies around the world

Expanded trade led to an exchange of ideas, goods, technology, people, and diseases

The Commercial RevolutionBy the 1600’s the nation replaced

the city as the basic economic unitGrowth of capitalismGov’t chartered banks Joint-stock companies

MercantilismState’s power depended on wealthColonies provided:

gold and silver raw materials a new market for goods