Lee Gallivan

California Intelligent CompactionDensity Evaluation Summary

California Asphalt Paving AssociationSacramento, California

Victor (Lee) Gallivan – FHWAAsphalt Pavement Engineer

Office of Asset Management, Pavement and Construction

October 24, 2013

What is Intelligent Compaction?


An Innovation in Compaction Control

---Definition---

What is “Intelligence?”– Oxford Dictionary: “…ability to vary

behavior in response to varying situations and requirements”

– Ability to:• Collect information• Analyze information• Make an appropriate decision• Execute the decision Oxford

3000-4000 TIMES A MINUTE

Intelligent Compaction Includes

ContinuousMeasurement

System

GlobalPositioning

SystemGPS

Onboard Report System

Courtesy of Bomag

TemperatureSensors


Vibratory Single Drum Soil Roller

Vibratory Tandem Drum Asphalt Roller

Current IC technology is accelerometer-based.


IC Vibratory Roller Requirements– Accelerometers mounted in or about the drum to monitor

applied compaction efforts; – Real Time Kinematics (RTK) or Virtual Reference System

(VRS) GPS system for roller positioning measurement computer systems;

– Integrated measurement computer systems to collect & analyze roller and pavement response information;

– GPS-Based documentation system– On-Board, Color-coded display– Surface temperature instrumentation (HMA) system

Tandem Drum IC Roller Suppliers

Bomag

Caterpillar Sakai

HAMM-Wirtgen

IC Measurement Value (ICMV)

ICMV is a generic term used to describe all suppliers’ measurement value

IC suppliers have various “stiffness” (or measurement) values– Bomag – Evib (MN/m²)

– Caterpillar/Trimble – CMV– Hamm/Wirtgen – HMV– Sakai - CCV

VEDA 3.0 (Software)

Global Positioning System (GPS)

GPS Base Station GPS Radio & Receiver GPS Rover

Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS Precision

Intelligent Compaction Goals 2007

Short Term Goals Improved Density

More Uniform Density

More efficient compaction process

Operator Accountability

Correlate Measurements with Field Densities

Real-time Density Control (QC)

Long Term Goals

Compaction Control Specifications

Real-time Density Acceptance

Future Goals

Tie to Design Guide (verify design)?

Performance specifications?

FHWA Pooled Fund IC Project 2008-2011Demonstrate HMA IC Technologies to

Agencies and IndustryDevelop Experience and Expertise

within DOT OrganizationsAssist the DOT’s in the development

of Quality Control SpecificationsIdentification and prioritization for

further research and data analysis

FHWA IC Field Demo2008-2011

CA

AZ

CO

NM

TX

OK AR

LA

MO KY

AL GA

FL

VA

OH

MI

VTAK

VI

MT

NV

Guam

ME

WA

OR

UT

KS

IDWY

ND

SD

MN

NE

WI

IA

IL IN

MS

TN

SC

NC

WV

PA

NY

CTNJDEMD

DC

PR

HI

FHWA TPF

HfL/SHRP2

FHWA IC-HMA Density Study2011-2014Relate IC measurement and other

records to HMA in-place densityImprove usage of IC for QC

ICMV

ICMV Target

ICM

V

Target ICMV

Target %Gmm

Coring

Coring

FHWA IC Density Evaluation 2012-2014

CA

AZ

CO

NM

TX

OK AR

LA

MO KY

AL GA

FL

VA

OH

MI

VTAK

VI

MT

NV

Guam

ME

WA

OR

UT

KS

IDWY

ND

SD

MN

NE

WI

IA

IL IN

MS

TN

SC

NC

WV

PA

NY

CTNJDEMD

DC

PR

HI

201220132014

NHMARI

100 % coverage

1 / 1,000,000

Courtesy of Caterpillar

Inconsistent Roller Coverage

Longitudinal Joint

Shoulder (Supported)Paving Direction

California Paving Project - 2006

Courtesy Sakai America

Improved Rolling Patterns Before

After

Sakai IC roller

Indiana ICPF Project

Benefits of IC

Improve compaction…better performance

Improve efficiency…cost savings

Increase information…better QC

CA IC Demo Project

I-80, Vacaville and Dixon, CA Teichert Construction - North Region *** Sept. 4-6, 2013 Night paving 3” Intermediate

Course

*** California License # 8, the oldest active license (125 years) in the state.

TB01BLane 2

TB01ALane 1

TB02EB Lane3

MTV Paving

Hamm IC compaction Caterpillar IC compaction

Bomag IC compaction NG and temp measurements

1500

ft

paving width

Roller 2IC Compaction

(breakdown)

NG, LWD-a(after each pass)

and GPS

paving width

Roller 1IC Compaction(intermediate)

paving width

50 ft spacing

NG, GPS, Coring

LWD-a, FWD, GPR

Roller 3Compaction(finishing)

FWD test NG and Temp measurements

Coring Core

Open house audienceOpen house audience

Host – Chuck Suszko, Caltrans Speaker – Lee Gallivan, FHWA

Hamm IC Data (Night 1)

HMV

Temperature

Pass count

CAT IC Data (Night 2)

CMV

Temperature

Pass count

Bomag IC Data (Night 2)

Evib

Temperature

Pass count

Compaction Curves

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Temperature (°F)

Passes

70

75

80

85

90

95

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

NG (%Gmm)

Passes

Hamm Bomag paver Hamm Bomag paver

TB01 Pass-by-Pass IC data vs. NG Density

T1

Compaction Curves

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Temperature (°F)

Passes

70

75

80

85

90

95

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

NG (%Gmm)

Passes

Hamm/Cat Bomag paver Hamm/Cat Bomag paver

CH H

C H

CH H

CH


T2

Compaction Curves

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

0 2 4 6 8 10

Temperature (°F)

Passes

70

75

80

85

90

95

0 2 4 6 8 10

NG (%Gmm)

Passes

Cat Bomag paver Cat Bomag paver


T3

Major Findings

IC improve consistent rolling patterns – esp. night paving

IC is proven for QC IC is not for acceptance – at least for now GPS is still a challenge IC training is crucial for success

New and Exciting FHWA Initiative

“Advancement of Innovative Asphalt Technology”

Contractor: NAPA (Dr. Audrey Copeland)

Period: 5-years (Starting October 2013)

Effort: Conferences, Seminars, Webinars, FHWA Technical

Information, Best Practice Guides, News Articles, etc.

Scope: Recycling Materials, In-Place Recycling Technologies,

Asphalt Pavement Materials (HMA, WMA, SMA, etc.) Designs

and Construction Activities including Longitudinal Joints,

Asphalt Materials compaction , Intelligent Compaction (IC),

etc.

IC STANDARDS

2014 AASHTO Ballet distributed (September 2013) for a new provisional standard based on the FHWA IC Generic Specifications.

Federal Legislation - MAP-21

Moving Aheadfor Progress in the 21st Century Act’’ or

just ‘‘MAP–21’’

SEC. 1304. INNOVATIVE PROJECT DELIVERY METHODS

(3) INNOVATIVE PROJECT DELIVERY

Permits up to 100% Federal funding, e.g. Intelligent Compaction & In-place recycling technology

www.IntelligentCompaction.com

IC is a Beautiful Thing! (Alaska)

Courtesy of Bruce Christianson

Thank you…For More Information…

Victor (Lee) Gallivan, PEAsphalt Pavement Engineer

[email protected]: 317-226-7493Cl: 317-605-4704

The secret of a good sermon/presentation is to have a good beginning and a good ending, and to have the two as close together as possible: George Burns

Business

Lee Gallivan