Overview of the UK’s offshore wind energy market 英国海上风电市场概览

Nick MedicHead of Offshore Renewables海上可再生能源部主管

22nd September 20112011 年 9 月 22 日

RenewableUK

700 Company members700 个公司成员

Sponsors:主办单位：

RenewableUKRenewableUK

 

‘The voice of wind and marine energy’“风能与海洋能源之声”

Roles:任务：

– Industry Forum– 产业论坛

– Represent industry to Government – 政府产业代表

– Represent industry to the media

– 媒体产业代表

Why build offshore?为何发展海上产业？

Huge & readily extractableenergy resource巨大的且容易获得的能源

Huge: 1GW = 300 turbines =3066 GWh per year = 700,000homes 巨大 : 1GW （十亿瓦特） = 300 台风电机组发电量

=3066 GWh （千兆瓦时）每年 = 700,000 个家庭用电量

@ load factors of 35% - 40% =equal to hydro power (historic)@ 35% - 40% 负载因数 = 等于英国所有住宅管道的水力

能源（历史统计）

UK total development pipeline45GW = 138TWh = 43% of UKtotal supply英国海上风电开发规划45GW = 138TWh = 英国电力供应的 43%

Readily extractable!容易获取！

• UK seabed particularly suited to development: 英国海床特别适合开发：

• Water depths 20 meters even as you go further offshore 即使远离海岸，海水也仅 20 米深。

• Technology is available NOW, at the scale required: We can achieve Government scenario of 18GW by 2020

对于当前的需求量来说，技术已经成熟：我们能在 2020 年前实现政府提出的 18GW 发电量目标。

• Experience already exists, and is growing daily: 487 turbines built, 1,524 MW installed

有成功经验可借鉴，而且还在不断完善： 487 台涡轮机已吊装，装机容量已达 1,524 MW 。

Further reasons to build offshore发展海上能源的更多理由：

• Securing UK energy supplies: 确保英国能源供给：

Currently, 75% of UK’s electricity comes from coal and gas, half of it imported.

当前， 75% 的英国电力来自煤炭和燃气，其中有一半靠进口。

• Fighting Climate Change 应对气候变化

Climate Change Act calls for 80% carbon emissions reduction by 2050. 气候变化法案要求在 2050 年前将碳排放量减少 80% 。

• Jobs and investment 就业和投资

88,000 jobs will be created by 2020. 2020 年前将创造 88000 个就业岗位。

Development process: the ‘Rounds’开发进程 : 多个“阶段”

Resource developed through a series of ‘Rounds’ – 3 so far. 通过一系列“阶段”开发资源——目前有三个“阶段”。

Each Round started with identifying sites, then allocation and leasing, and finally development and construction. 每个“阶段”都从选址开始，然后布局和租赁，最后进行开发和建设。

Round 1: near shore 1 GW 阶段 1: 近海 1GWRound 2: more ambitious 7 GW阶段 2: 更大的项目 7GWRound 3: the biggest 32 GW阶段 3: 最大的项目 32GW

Rounds 1&2 阶段 1 和 2• 1.5 GW built + 2 GW in construction 1.5GW 已建成 + 2GW 建设中• 1.7 GW consented + 1.9 GW in planning 1.7GW 获得许可 + 1.9 GW 计划中

Round 1&2 Extensions 阶段 1 和 2 扩建• 1.5 GW

Round 3 阶段 3• 32GW Developer Commitment (leased) 32GW 开发商委托 ( 租赁 )• Scot. Ter. Waters 苏格兰领海

5 GW

Source: The Crown Estate

Capacity:产能 :1.5 GW now 现在 1.5 GW

8 GW by 2016 2016 年前 8 GW

18 GW by 2020 2020 年前 18 GW

As share of electricity (approx): 供电能力（大约）：

1% now 现在 1%

8% by 2016 2016 年前 8 %

17% by 2020 2020 年前 17%

Current status and projections现阶段的状况和预测

UK leading Europe and the world英国领先于欧洲和世界

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0.4

0.6

0.8

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1.2

1.4

1.6

UK Denmark Netherlands Belgium Sweden Germany

GW

In

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Source: EWEA Data Sheet Offshore Wind Energy 2010

来源：欧洲风能协会 2010 海上风能数据表

Business opportunities 业务机会：

• Investment announcements:• 投资声明 :

– Siemens 西门子– Vestas

维斯塔斯 – Gamesa

歌美飒– Mitsubishi

三菱

• Interest in the market:市场意向方 :

– Alstom, Samsung, Hyundai, Goldwind, Sany, Nordex, Doosan, Darwind XEMC, Daewoo, Sinovel阿尔斯通、三星、现代、金风科技、三一重工、恩德、斗山、湘电风能Darwind、大宇、华锐风电

• Component opportunities:部件生产机会 :

– Gearbox, Generators, Brakes, Blades, Pitch Systems, Transformers, Power Converters, Hydraulics, Bearings, Composites, Housings齿轮箱、发电机、制动系统、叶片、变桨系统、变压器、电源转换器、液压、轴承、复合材料、外壳

Practicalities: Costs of Energy实用性：能源成本

Cost of offshore electricity currently: approx. £150 per MWh当今海上风力发电成本： 大约 150 英镑每兆瓦小时

Scope for reducing costs: Gov’t target of £100 MWh成本缩减余地： 政府目标 100 英镑每兆瓦小时

Support of offshore wind海上风能支持

Chief mechanism: Renewable Obligation Certificate (ROC)主要运行机制 : 可再生能源义务证书 (ROC)For each 1 MWh of electricity generated, offshore wind farm gets 1 ROC, to sell on.Buyers are electricity utilities which have an obligation to source a % of electricityfrom renewables.每生产一兆瓦小时电能，海上风电场获得一个 ROC 。购买方是公共事业单位，他们有义务使用一定百分比的可再生能源电力。

From 2017 chief mechanism 自 2017 年开始，主要运行机制将是Contract for Difference (CfD):差价合约 (CfD) :

The subsidy will be the difference between wholesale price of MWh and the level at which tariff is set补贴为兆瓦小时的批发价格和征税价格水平之间的差价。

Thank you 谢谢

Questions and Answers?问题与解答：

Nick Medic, Head of Offshore Renewables Nick Medic, 海上可再生能源部主管

n.medic@renewable-uk.comn.medic@renewable-uk.com