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exceptionality (psychotic disorders) ( . 2545 : 2) (Children Special) (Children with Special Needs) (Cripple) (Handicap) Exceptional Children)

1.1 (Children with Special Needs ( . 2533 : 2)

( , 2537 : 3)

(. 2539 : 1)

) (Cripple ( , 2533 : 1)

(Handicap) (impairment) handicap ( . 2533 : 3)

(Ashman and Elkins. 1994 : 2)

(Kirk. Gallagher. and Anstasiow. 1996 : 4)

(Gearheart. 1980 : 2)

ES 203 2

(WHO) 3 ( . 2544 : 34) 1. (Impairment) 2. (Disability) 3. (Handicap)

- ( . 2545 : 5)

1.2

2535 (2535 : 15) .. 2542 ( 2) .. 2545 (2545 : 7)

ES 203 3

(Special Education) ( . 2533 : 3)

( : 2542 : 13-14)

( . 2545 : 11)

1.3 3,500 (idiot)

ES 203 4

16 .. 1785

3

4

.. 2481

.. 2482

ES 203 5

.. 2484 14 .. 2486 20,000 .. 2489 40 40,000 .. 2492 8 () 58 .. 2494 83 .. 2502 .. 2503 .. 2506 .. 2509 1

ES 203 6

10 2494 17 () 5 ...

.. 2496 5 1 23 137 5 .. 2518 10 2496 43 7

.. 2504 .. 2511 10 2512

ES 203 7

.. 2513 .. 2517 .. 2521 ( ) .. 2520 2 .. 2522

.. 2512 .. 2516

ES 203 8

.. 2519 .. 2493-2494 (Poliomylitis)

.. 2501 2 17-25 .. 2504

.. 2508 2 " 11 2508 3 22

ES 203 9

. 6 .. 2499 25,000 .. 2503

.. 2509 .. 2519 2521

.. 2497

.. 2482

ES 203 10

1.4 (Kirk. 1996 : 29-30) ( . 2546 : 10) 1. ( ) 2. 2.1

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2.2 2.3 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ( . 2545 : 10-11)

1.5

ES 203 12

(Gearheart and Weishahn. 1980 : 3) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

1.6 10

1. (Outcome-Based Education-OBE) 1)

2) 3) 4 (1) (2) (3) (4)

ES 203 13

2. (Multicultural Education) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)

3. (Multiple Intelligence) (Garddner, 1983 - 2542) IQ 7 1) (Linguistic Ability) 2) (Logical Mathematical Ability) 3) (Musical Ability) 4) (Spatial Ability) 5) (Bodily Kinesthetic Ability) 6) (Interpersonal Ability) 7) (Interpersonal Ability)

ES 203 14

7

4. (Constructivist Learning) (Constructivism)

5. (Interdisciplinary Curriculum)

6. (Authentic Assessment of Student Performance)

ES 203 15

1) 2) 3) 4)

(Norms)

7. (Multi Age Grouping)

8. (Peer-Mediated Learning)

ES 203 16

2 1) (Cooperative Learning) 3-5 2) (Peer Tutoring)

9. (Noncategorical Approach Education)

( 10. Use of Technology) ( . 2542 : 30)

ES 203 17

(2524:53) 1. 2. 3. (Permanent Handicap) 4. 5. (Positive Seif Image) 6. (Individualized Instruction) 7. (Self Realization) 8. 9. 10.

1.7

1.

1.1 1.2

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1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 ( . 2535 : 163) 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

ES 203 19

1.8

1. 2. 3. 1 4.

1. 2. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) ( . 2544 : 20 )

1.9

ES 203 20

(.. 2543 2549) 1 12 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2 2.1 12 2.2 2.3 2.4

ES 203 21

3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4

ES 203 22

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5 5.1 5.2 5.3

ES 203 23

5.4 5.5 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7 .. 2542 7.1

ES 203 24

7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4

ES 203 25

9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9 10

1.10 .. 1975 Education for All Handicapped Children Act Public Law 94-142 (PL 94-142) .. 1977 3-21 .. 1990 PL 94 -142 Individual with Disabilities Education Act : IDEA

ES 203 26

(PL 101 - 476) (Smith. 1998 : 24) 1. 2. 3. 4.

1. (Disable Person) 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

ES 203 27

7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. ( 2534)

ES 203 28

.. 2541 10 2541 3 2541

ES 203 29

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

ES 203 30

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

.. 2534 20 .. 2534 4 15 14

ES 203 31

(1) (2) (3) 16

2535 2 4.5

2540 4 5 26

ES 203 32

28 30 43 52 53 55 58

ES 203 33

59 60 80 82 86

2542 10

ES 203 34

28 10 58 (1) (2) 66

ES 203 35

2545 2549 2

ES 203 36

4 1. 2. 1. 2. /

1. 1.

ES 203 37

/ 1. 2. 3. 1.

ES 203 38

2. 3. 4.

(.. 2543 - 2549) (.. 2543 2549) 1 - - 2540 .. 2542

ES 203 39

- 9 - 2 - - 9 - 16

ES 203 40

- 3 (.. 2543 2545) ( 2543 2545) 7,850.575 - 5,399.363 2,569.970 2,488.464 233.799 107.130 - 2,033.232 1,614.100 108.660 272.061 36.221 2.190 - 417.982 74.490 299.282 24.768 19.440 4 (.. 2546 2549) - 55

ES 203 41

- .. 2542 () () 5 - - - () ()

ES 203 42

ES 203 43