10

10.1

(Hubble Space Telescope : HST) 1990.4.24 8:33am

HST

(199312 Servicing Missions 1993.12 SM-1 COSTAR, WFPC21997.2 SM-2 NICMOS, STIS1999.12 SM-3A 2002.3 SM-3B ACS, NICMOS2008.10 SM-4 (last SM); decision made on 2006.10New Gyros and BatteriesHST will last till 20132009.5 SM-5 SM-4 WFC3

------------------------------------------------------------------ (AB mag; 10)------------------------------------------------------------------F300W 77 153700 26.98F450W 58 120600 27.86F606W 103 109050 28.21F814W 58 123600 27.60------------------------------------------------------------------ 506950=140.8: 19951218-30 The Hubble Deep Field http://www.stsci.edu/ftp/science/hdf/hdf.htmlWilliams et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 1335.Bob Williams

(Hubble Deep Field: HDF)

Hubble Deep Field1996 1406)3000 10

Van den Bergh et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 359

HDF High-z GalaxiesGuhathakurta,Tyson,Majewski,S.R. 1990, ApJ. 357, L9 faint blue galaxieshigh-z galaxies Steidel et al. 1995, AJ, 110, 2519 Searches for galaxies at z> 3 have been spectacularly unsuccessful up to now, given the efforts devoted to the quest. Two main techniques employed have each come across difficulties which were largely unforseen at the outset.- deep imaging - search for Lyman alpha emission (blank sky and known QSO) Steidel et al. 1996, ApJ, 462, L17 (received: Dec. 1995) Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Population of Normal Star-forming Galaxies at Redshifts z> 3 (19 z>3 galaxies) Steidel et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 352 (received: Mar. 1996) Spectroscopy of Lyman Break Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field

Drop Out Technique: Color SelectionStar-forming galaxy at z=3.151QSO at z=3.295Steidel et al. 1995, AJ, 110, 2519.

Rest-frame =912 Dickinson 1997, Proc. STScI symp.U-B vs B-V for z~3 LBGsHDF z>3normal galaxies !

10.2

Stern and Spinrad 1999, PASP, 111, 1475-1502

3. SEARCHES AT NONOPTICAL WAVELENGTHS3.1. High-Redshift Radio Galaxies3.2. Submillimeter Detections of Distant Galaxies3.3. Luminous Infrared Galaxies3.4. X-Ray Emission Associated with Distant Galaxies3.5. Gamma-Ray Bursts3.6. Summary

4. OPTICAL/NEAR-INFRARED SELECTION OFDISTANT GALAXIES

4.1. Lyman-Break Galaxies4.2. Photometric Redshifts4.3. Emission-Line Searches for Distant Galaxies4.4. Serendipitous Long-Slit Searches (Fig.8)4.5. Narrowband Spectroscopy4.6. Targeted Searches

10.3 Photometric Redshift

Baum (IAU Symp., 15, 390, 1963) Loh & Spillar (ApJ, 303, 154, 1986)HDF (Keck 10m) Photometric Redshift

Template SEDsFurusawa et al. 2000, ApJ, 534, 624.Kodama & Arimoto model

Furusawa et al. 2000, ApJ, 534, 624.

10.4 (LBGs) (LAEs)

(LBGs) (LAEs) (z>3) LAEsLBGsless massivemetal poor

V-i vs i-z for z~5 R-i vs i-z for z~5Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs)B-R vs R-i for z~4Drop outColor SelectionYoshida, SO et al. 2006, ApJ, 653, 988

Yoshida, SO et al. 2006, ApJ, 653, 988zColor Selection for z~4 LBGs SDF: Subaru Deep Field

Luminosity Function of LBGsYoshida, Shimasaku, S.O., SDF team et al. 2006, ApJ, 653, 9884500 z~4 LBGs 800 z~5 LBGsfaintbrightZ = 0 - 6z>5 LBG

Ajiki et al. 2003, AJ, 126, 2091Lyman Emitters (LAEs)NB816 filter

LAEs: (OH emissions)

Ajiki et al. 2003, AJ, 126, 2091Selection of z~5.7 LAE candidatesQSO SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2 at z=5.74

Low-z Emitters Subaru Deep Survey. II. Luminosity Functions and Clustering Properties of Ly Emitters at z=4.86 in the Subaru Deep Field, Ouchi, SO et al. 2003, ApJ, 582, 60

LAEs : b~6 (Shimasaku, SO et al., 2003, ApJ, 586, L111)43 LAE in SDF (34653 ~ 20%) ~ 2z=4.86 LAEs

4.79 +/-0.04 4.86 +/-0.03:= 39 Mpc/h70 z~5 4.86+/-0.0355Mpc39Mpc100Mpc3.31.81.34.79+/-0.04

4.79 +/-0.04 4.86 +/-0.03:= 39 Mpc/h70 z~5 4.86+/-0.0355Mpc39Mpc100Mpc3.31.81.34.79+/-0.04

SXDF field305,012 515 LAE ( ~30%) z>2 100 MpcNB816(z=5.7)(2003 Dec.) 19/22 (86%) are LAEs at z=5.7 z=5.7LAEs Ouchi, SO et al. 2005, ApJ, 620, L1

10.5

SMG: submillimeter galaxy (1.5

A Significant Population of Red, Near-Infrared-selected High-Redshift Galaxies, Franx et al. 2003, ApJ, 587, L79DRG: Distant Red Galaxies (z>2)Single-age populationsContinuous star formation modelsSingle-burst population formed at z=51 Gyr, E(B-V)=0.15100 Myr, E(B-V)=0.5J-K>2.3 z>2

A New Photometric Technique for the Joint Selection of Star-forming and Passive Galaxies at 1.4

Optical Selection of Star-forming Galaxies at Redshifts 1 < z < 31 Aderberger et al. 2004, ApJ, 607, 226BM Galaxies, BX galaxies

10.6

COSMOS: Cosmic Evolution Survey 2-sq. deg; 2 bands http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~cosmos/index.htmlHDF: Hubble Deep Field (1996) 2.7x2.7 sq. arcmin; 4 bands, exp.= 5.9 days Williams et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 1335HUDF: Hubble Ultra Deep Field (2004) 3.3x3.3 sq. arcmin; 3 bands+1 IR band, exp.=11.3.days http://www.stsci.edu/hst/udfGOODS: Great Observatory Origins Deep Survey 320 sq. arcmin (two fields); multi-wavelength Giavalisco, M., et al. 2004a, ApJ, 600, L93 GEMS: Galaxy Evolution from Morphology and SED 800 sq. arcmin; 2 bands Rix et al. 2004, ApJS, 152, 163GRAPES: Grism ACS Program for Extragalactic Science Pirzkal et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 501CANDELS: The Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy SurveyDeep Galaxy Surveys by HST

------------------------------------------------------------------ (AB mag; 10)------------------------------------------------------------------F300W 77 153700 26.98F450W 58 120600 27.86F606W 103 109050 28.21F814W 58 123600 27.60------------------------------------------------------------------ 506950=140.8: 19951218-30 The Hubble Deep Field http://www.stsci.edu/ftp/science/hdf/hdf.htmlWilliams et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 1335.Bob Williams

2004/3/15 100=12 z=7-1247http://www.stsci.edu/hst/udf(HUDF)ACS (Advanced Camera forSurveys)

Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) Hubble Deep Field North + Chandra Deep Field South (~300 square arcmin)NASAGreat Observatories 4Spitzer, HST, Chandra XMM-Newton + Ground-based Telescope (NOAO, ESO)Deep surveyhttp://www.stsci.edu/science/goods/http://www.eso.org/science/goods/2002.8

Spitzer Legacy Program (PI: Mark Dickinson)HST Treasury Program (PI: Mauro Giavalisco )SN Ia (Riess et al. 2004, ApJ, 607, 665)45GOODS~300 sq. arcmin

Galaxy Evolution from Morphology and SEDs (GEMS)Rix et al. 2004, ApJS, 152, 163

Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS)http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~cosmos/ 2 ACS (Advanced Camera for Surveys) 210% (640 orbits) HST time (Cycles 12 and 13) Subaru, VLA, VLT, XMM-Newton, UKIRT, etc Almost 100 scientists in a dozen countries.formation of galaxies, dark matter, and nuclear activity in galaxies. PI:Nick Scoville, Japan Program PI: Yoshiaki Taniguchilarge scale structure (LSS) in the universeHSTApJS, 172, 2007 COSMOS

http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/COSMOS field (1.4x1.4=2)2Suprime-Cam B(70),g'(86),V(50),r'(36),i'(40), z'(64),NB816(188)galaxy threshingSasaki, S.S. et al. 2007, ApJS, 172, 511

CANDELS: The Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy SurveyGrogin, N. et al. 2011 arXiv1105.3753100 HSTWFC3midUV-NIR: 200nm-1.7mACS 4-orbit image (I band)WFC3/IR 2-orbit image (H band)SN Ia at z>1.5 standard candle Hubble Multi-CycleTreasury Program(PI: Ferguson, PI: Faber) merge 5>2500001.5

WFC3: New Powerful CameraEfficient for surveys of high-z (z>7) galaxieshttp://www.stsci.edu/hst/wfc3/design/2009.5 SM-5 SM-4 WFC3Star-forming galaxies at z 8-9 from Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3: implications for reionization, Lorenzoni et al. 2011, MNRAS, 414, 1455

The contribution of high-redshift galaxies to cosmic reionization: new results from deep WFC3 imaging of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, Bunker et al. 2010, MNRAS, 409, 855

Large area survey for z = 7 galaxies in SDF and GOODS-N implications for galaxy formation and cosmic reionization, Ouchi, SO et al. 2009, ApJ, 706, 1136 IR channel (123x136, 0.13/pix)UVIS channel (162x162, 0.04/pix)

Pirzkal et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 501.ACS G800L mode: Slitless spectroscopy(5500-10500A) R=100 (40A/pixel) point source : FWHM ~ 1.5 pixelTile 23 of GOODS-SHigh-z galaxies at 4

hot star, i=19.13cool star, i=19.17hot star, i=20.00E gal. at z~0.6, i=21.53SF gal., i=22.30SF gal. at z~0.66, i=23.32SF gal., i=23.45LBG at z~5.8, i=26.83SF gal., i=25.86Faint cont. source near det. limit, i=27.17GRAPES Spectra

10.7 Suprime-Cam

Suprime-CamGrism

2007/6/13(M57)

902010.3

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