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של הלוגו להיות אמור היה כאן אסור אבל, בלה-בלה-ובלה טכניון

(435723) למתחילים יפנית (3222-3223) ע”תש אביב סמסטר

כל הטעויות שמורות למיכאל גוזנפלד 52מתוך 2עמוד 3מהדורה;

日本語

תקציר חומר לימוד

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




Vocabulary ......................................................................................................................................... 4

Greetings / Expressions ................................................................................................... 4

Endings ........................................................................................................................................... 6

Time ................................................................................................................................................... 7

Countries / Languages ..................................................................................................... 10

Questions ................................................................................................................................... 11

Occupation ................................................................................................................................. 12

Places ........................................................................................................................................... 13

Majors ........................................................................................................................................... 15

Objects ........................................................................................................................................ 16

Pronouns ...................................................................................................................................... 18

Family ........................................................................................................................................... 18

Numbers ........................................................................................................................................ 19

Pointers ...................................................................................................................................... 22

Money ............................................................................................................................................. 22

Food ................................................................................................................................................ 23

Activities / Entertainment ......................................................................................... 24

Adjectives ................................................................................................................................. 25

い - adjectives ................................................................................................................ 25

な - adjectives ................................................................................................................ 27

Adverbs ........................................................................................................................................ 28

People / Animals .................................................................................................................. 29

Location words ....................................................................................................................... 30

Prepositions ............................................................................................................................ 31

Verbs ............................................................................................................................................. 32

U-verbs ................................................................................................................................... 32

RU-verbs ................................................................................................................................. 34

Irregular verbs ............................................................................................................... 35

Grammar ............................................................................................................................................. 36

X は Y です ............................................................................................................... 36

Question sentences ............................................................................................................. 36

noun1 の noun2 ........................................................................................................................ 36

これそれあれどれ ............................................................................................................ 37

このそのあのどの ............................................................................................................ 37




ここそこあそこどこ ........................................................................................................ 37

だれの noun ............................................................................................................................... 38

も ...................................................................................................................................................... 38

noun じゃありません .............................................................................................................. 38

～ね / ～よ .............................................................................................................................. 38

～ませんか ..................................................................................................................................... 39

X があります / がいます ........................................................................................ 39

Describing locations ........................................................................................................ 39

すき（な） / きらい（な） ................................................................................................. 39

～ましょう / ～ましょうか ................................................................................................. 40

The “must know” words are emphasized like this




Vocabulary

Greetings / Expressions

Japanese Romaji English

ohayou good morning

ohayou gozaimasu good morning (polite)

konnichiwa good afternoon

konbanwa good evening

sayounara good-bye

oyasuminasai good night

arigatou thank you

arigatou gozaimasu thank you (polite)

sumimasen excuse me | sorry

hai | ee | un yes

iie no | not at all

ittekimasu I’ll go and come back

itterasshai please go and come back

tadaima I’m home

okaerinasai welcome home

itadakimasu thank you for the meal (before the meal)

gochisousama thank you for the meal (after the meal)

hajimemashite how do you do?

douzo yoroshiku nice to meet you





ano um …

sou desu that’s right

soudesune that’s right | let me see

tomodachi friend

namae name

irasshaimase welcome (to our store)

( o) onegaishimasu , please (object)

( o) kudasai please give me (object)

jaa then… | if that is the case…

( o) douzo here is it (object)

doumo thank you

demo but

doudesuka how about…? | how is…?

gomennasai I’m sorry

dakara so | therefore

moshimoshi hello (on the phone)

sorekara and then

daijoubu it’s OK | not to worry everything is under control




Endings


san Mr./Ms.

sai years old

ji o’clock

jin people (nationality)

nensei year student

mai (number of flat objects)

made to | as far as (a place) till (a time)




Time


ima now

gogo P.M.

gozen A.M.

han half

asa morning

ashita tomorrow

kyou today

goro at about

konban tonight

shuumatsu weekend

nichiyoubi Sunday

getsuyoubi Monday

kayoubi Tuesday

suiyoubi Wednesday

mokuyoubi Thursday

kinyoubi Friday

doyoubi Saturday

hiru noon | midday

mainichi every day

maiban every night

kinou yesterday





sakki a little while ago

jikan for hours

ichijikan for an hour

sanjikan gurai for about 3 hours

senshuu last week

toki when… | at the time of…

tanjoubi birthday

yasumi holiday | day off

ichiji 1 o’clock

niji 2 o’clock

sanji 3 o’clock

yoji 4 o’clock

goji 5 o’clock

rokuji 6 o’clock

shichiji 7 o’clock

hachiji 8 o’clock

kuji 9 o’clock

juuji 10 o’clock

juuichiji 11 o’clock

juuniji 12 o’clock

ichijihan 1:30 o’clock

issai 1 year old

nisai 2 years old



כל הטעויות שמורות למיכאל גוזנפלד 52מתוך :עמוד 3מהדורה;


sansai 3 years old

yonsai 4 years old

gosai 5 years old

rokusai 6 years old

nanasai 7 years old

hassai 8 years old

kyuusai 9 years old

jussai 10 years old

juuissai 11 years old

hatachi 20 years old

ichigatsu January (gatsu - moon)

you weekday




Countries / Languages


＿go ＿ language

eigo English (language)

amerika Amerika

oosutoraria Australia

igirisu Britain

chuugoku China

nihon Japan

kankoku Korea

suueeden Sweden




Questions


nan | nani what

dore which one

dono which ＿

doko where

dare who

dareno whose

ikura how much

itsu when

doushite why

donna what kind of

nansai how old




Occupation


daigakusei college student

isha doctor

daigakuinsei graduate student

koukousei high school student

shufu housewife

ryuugakusei international student

shigoto job | work | occupation

bengoshi lawyer

kaishain office worker

gakusei student

sensei teacher | professor




Places


ginkou bank

kissaten café

daigaku college | university

koukou high school

toshokan library

yuubinkyoku post office

otearai restroom

ie home | house

uchi home | house | my place

erueru (LL) language lab

gakkou school

otera temple

kouen park

suupaa supermarket

depaato department store

basutei bus stop

byouin hospital

hoteru hotel

honya bookstore

machi town | city

resutoran restaurant





umi sea

heya room




Majors


ajiakenkyuu Asian studies

jinruigaku anthropology

bijinesu business

konpyuutaa computer

keizai economics

denshi kougaku electrical engineering

rekishi history

kokusaikankei international relations

bungaku literature

senmon major

seiji politics

kagaku science




Objects


kaban bag

jitensha bicycle

hon book

jisho dictionary

boushi hat | cap

jiinzu jeans

shinbun newspaper

nooto notebook

pen pen

enpitsu pencil

kutsu shoes

toreenaa sweat shirt

teepu tape

denwa telephone

kasa umbrella

saifu wallet

tokei watch | clock

omiyage souvenir

gohan rice | meal

shashin picture | photograph

tsukue desk





isu chair

tegami letter

pan bread

kittsute postal stamps

kittsupu ticket

hagaki postcard

basu bus

hikouki airplane

tenki weather

ka fire

moku tree

do soil




Pronouns


watashi I

anata you

boku I (used by men)

Family


okaasan mother

otousan father

oneesan older sister

oniisan older brother

imouto younger sister

otouto younger brother



כל הטעויות שמורות למיכאל גוזנפלד 52מתוך :2עמוד 3מהדורה;

Numbers


bangou number

zero / rei 0

ichi 1

ni 2

san 3

yon / shi / (yo) 4

go 5

roku 6

nana / shichi 7

hachi 8

kyuu / ku 9

juu 10

juuichi 11

juuni 12

juusan 13

juuyon / juushi 14

juugo 15

juuroku 16

juunana / juushichi 17

juuhachi 18

juukyuu / juuku 19





nijuu 20

sanjuu 30

yonjuu 40

gojuu 50

rokujuu 60

nanajuu 70

hachijuu 80

kyuujuu 90

hyaku 100

nihyaku 200

sanbyaku 300

yonhyaku 400

gohyaku 500

roppyaku 600

nanahyaku 700

happyaku 800

kyuuhyaku 900

sen 1,000

nisen 2,000

sanzen 3,000

yonsen 4,000

gosen 5,000

rokusen 6,000





nanasen 7,000

hassen 8,000

kyuusen 9,000

ichiman 10,000

niman 20,000

sanman 30,000

yonman 40,000

goman 50,000

rokuman 60,000

nanaman 70,000

hachiman 80,000

kyuuman 90,000




Pointers


kore this one

sore that one (near you)

are that one (over there)

kono this ＿

sono that ＿ (near you)

ano that ＿ (over there)

asoko over there

Money


＿en ＿ yen

| okaane | kin money | gold




Food


tabemono food

nomimono drink

sakana fish

tonkatsu pork cutlet

niku meat

menyuu menu

yasai vegetable

asagohan breakfast

osake sake | alcohol

ocha green tea

koohii coffee

bangohan dinner

hanbaagaa hamburger

hirugohan lunch

mizu water




Activities / Entertainment


eiga movie

ongaku music

zasshi magazine

supootsu sports

deeto date

tenisu tennis

terebi TV

bideo video tape | VCR

arubaito part-time job

kaimono shopping

kurasu class

shukudai homework

tesuto test

ryokou travel




Adjectives

い - adjectives

Japanese Some words are given with the forms: Dictionary Present Affirmative

Present Negative

Romaji English

ii ii desu

yoku arimasen

good

hayai early

oishii delicious

atarashii atarashii desu

atarashiku arimasen

new

atsui hot (weather/objects)

isogashii isogashii desu

isogashku arimasen

busy (people/days)

ookii ookii desu

ookiku arimasen

large

omoshiroi omoshiroi desu

omoshiroku arimasen

interesting

kowai frightening

samui cold (weather)




Japanese Some words are given with the forms: Dictionary Present Affirmative

Present Negative

Romaji English

tanoshii fun

chiisai chiisai desu

chiisai ku arimasen

small

tsumaranai boring

furui furui desu

furuku arimasen

old (thing)

muzukashii difficult

yasashii easy (problem) kind (person)

yasui yasui desu yasui ku arimasen

inexpensive cheap (thing)

takai takai desu

takai ku arimasen

expensive




な - adjectives


kirai (na)

kirai desu kirai ja arimasen

disgust with | to dislike

daikirai (na) to hate

suki (na)

suki desu suki ja arimasen

fond of | to like

daisuki (na) very fond of | to love

kirei (na)

kirei desu kirei ja arimasen

beautiful | clean

genki (na)

genki desu genki ja arimasen

healthy | energetic

shizuka (na)

shizuka desu shizuka ja arimasen

quiet

nigiyaka (na) lively

hansamu (na) handsome

hima (na)

hima desu hima ja arimasen

not busy

to have a lot of free time




Adverbs


amari not much

zenzen not at all

taitei usually

chotto a little (inconvenient)

tokidoki sometimes

yoku often | much

gurai about (approx.)

takusan many | a lot

hitoride alone

isshoni together

totemo very




People / Animals


inu dog

kodomo child

neko cat

hito person




Location words


migi right

hidari left

mae front

ushiro back

naka inside

ue on

shita under

soba near

tonari next (to)

aida between

soko there

koko here




Prepositions


to together with (a person) X and Y

ni

to (direction) at (o’clock)

(to meet person) (to write person)

e to (direction)

wo

(to listen)

(to drink) (to speak) (to read)

(to write thing) (to take) (to wait)

ga (to understand) (there is)

de in

goro (ni) at about (o’clock)




Verbs

U-verbs

Dictionary

Present Past

Prep. English

Affirmative Negative

Affirmative Negative

to go

to return

to listen

to drink

to speak

to read

to meet

there is…

to buy

to write

to take

to wait




Dictionary

Present Past

Prep. English

Affirmative

Negative

Affirmative

Negative

to understand

to swim

to ask (similar to listen, hear)

to ride to board

to do to perform




RU-verbs

Dictionary

Present Past

Prep. English

Affirmative

Negative

Affirmative

Negative

to get up

to eat

to sleep

to see

is in… stays at…

to go out




Irregular verbs

Dictionary

Present Past

Prep. English

Affirmative

Negative

Affirmative

Negative

to come

to do

to study




Grammar

Japanese English

I am a student.

Ms. Mary is an American.

Japanese English

Are you a student?

What is a major?

What time is it now?

How old is Mary?

What year in college?

What is a telephone number?

Japanese English

Takeshi’s phone number

a college professor




Japanese English

How much is this (near me)?

That (near you) is 3,000 yen.

That (over there) is my pen.

Which one is your pen?

Japanese English

How much is this (near me) watch?

That (near you) watch is 3,000 yen.

That (over there) watch is 500 yen.

Which watch is 2,000 yen?

Japanese English

The pen is here (near me).

The water is there (near you).

The post office is over there.

Where is the post office?




Japanese English

Whose bag is this?

Japanese English

Takeshi is a Japanese person. Michiko is a Japanese person too.

replaces the particles:

Other particles stay as they are, with addition of .

Japanese English

Yamada is not a student.

Japanese English

Takeshi’s major is literature, isn’t it?

“Tonkatsu” is definitely not a fish!!!




Japanese English

How about having lunch?

Japanese English

There is a bank (thing) over there.

There is a student (person) over there.

There is no bank (thing) over there.

There is no student (person) over there.

Japanese English

The bank is next to the library.

Café is between college and bank.

Japanese English

Yamashita dislikes fish.

Yamashita likes fish.

Neither like nor dislike.




Japanese English

Let’s study in the library together.

Shall we drink water at a café?

Documents

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