中国计算机学会 “ 21世纪大学本科计算机专业系列教材 ” 计算机组成原理

5 *5
2.
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3.

3.
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4.

CPUnM1MnM1MnM1MnMnM1M2Mn
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5-2(a) Cache
5-2(b)
5.2.2
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5-4(a)
0
0
1
4
4
8
8
9
10
11
5
6
7
2
3
5-4 (b)
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2.
Bm



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5.2.4





4
648
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648
5.3.1 RAM
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1. 6SRAM
SRAM
DRAM

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=×
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2.
5-9
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2.

5-10
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2.

=÷
32×322ms32=2ms÷32=62.5s62.5s
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2.
5-11
2 ms
3.

DRAM
RAM1024×41064K×1161024×4464K×11
5.3.3 RAM
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1.RAM
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2.
5-1225×8=256328532w0w31b0b7

RAM
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2.
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2.
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RAM
RAM
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SRAM
5-14(a) RAM


3.RAM
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5.3.4 ROM
PROM
PROM“0”“1”“1”“0”PROMPN
1.ROM
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EPROMUVEPROMEEPROM
1.ROM
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1.ROM
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1.ROM
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5.3.5
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2.
2.
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2.
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64K×1SRAM64K×8
CPU8
16K×8SRAM64K×8
2.
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0000 0000 0000 0000B 0000H
0011 1111 1111 1111B 3FFFH
0100 0000 0000 0000B 4000H
0111 1111 1111 1111B 7FFFH
1000 0000 0000 0000B 8000H
1011 1111 1111 1111B BFFFH
1100 0000 0000 0000B C000H
1111 1111 1111 1111B FFFFH
2.
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5.4.2
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1.
2.
42K×88K×84
8K×8A19A13A12=A11=0A19A13A12=0A11=1A19A13……8K RAM2(20-13)=27
3.
3.
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5.4.3 CPU
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9
99“1”9“1”CPU
1.

5.4.5 PC
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2. 16
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2. 16
2. 16
0 1 8
1 0 8
1 1
4. 64
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5.5
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CPUCPU
FPM DRAM34
5.5.2 FPM DRAM
FPM DRAM72SIMM60100ns
5.5.2 FPM DRAM
5.5.3 EDO DRAM
FPMEDOEDOEDO DRAM72SIMM168DIMM5070ns
5.5.3 EDO DRAM
SDRAMCPURAMRAMCPU
5.5.4 SDRAM
DDRDIMMSDRAM1682DDR SDRAM184161
5.5.5 DDR SDRAM
5.5.6 Rambus DRAM
5.5.6 Rambus DRAM
5.5.6 Rambus DRAM
RDRAM
5.6
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CPUAnAwn×w
5.6.1
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4
00
M1
01
M2
10
M3
11
CPUAnAwn×w
5.7.1
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CacheCPUCache
2.Cache
5.7.2 Cache
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Cache
2.
5.7.4
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5.8
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CPUCPUCPU
5.8.1
5.8.2
5.8.3
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5.8.3
5.8.4
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5.8.4