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, . , , , . 30- , The tourist movement an economic study Oglivie The tourist industry, a national and international survey Norval[footnoteRef:11]. , , , , . ,Cohen XIX XX [footnoteRef:12]. , , , . . , , 50- 60- : [footnoteRef:13]. [11: Kumar, J.L., The encyclopedia of tourism in 21st century, Anmol Publications PVT.Ltd., New Delhi, 2005, p.17] [12: Cohen, E., The sociology of tourism: approaches, issues and findings, Annual review of sociology, Vol.10, (pdf), p.373] [13: Dann, G., Parrinello, G., eds., The Sociology of Tourism European Origins and Developments, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, UK, 2009 (pdf), p.195]

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, 1936 ., 1945 ., 1963 . , 1967 . , 1980 . , ., (, , , , ), ( 24 ). (World Tourism Organization), , , , [footnoteRef:17]. [17: WTO, Koncepts, definitions and classifications for tourism statistics A technical Manual, Item 3, Madrid, 1995, p.21 , ., , , , 2009]

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Lane, . . , , [footnoteRef:38]. [38: Gartner, W., Lime, D., ed., Trends in outdoor recreation, leisure and tourism, CABI Publishing, 2000, p.300 (pdf)]

. : Via Egnatia[footnoteRef:39]( ) ; ; 2700 [footnoteRef:40] . . [39: 146 ... , . , , , , . . 28- ] [40: 1928 . . , . , . - . 1947 . 2002 . . .]

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(, , , ) ; ; . , , [footnoteRef:42]: [42: Gogonea, R., Hapenciuc, C., Dragan, I., The link between local and global management in the rural tourism, The Annals of the "tefan cel Mare" University Suceava. Fascicle of The Faculty of Economics and Public Administration Volume 9, No.1(9), 2009, (pdf) ]

, ; ; ; , ; ; , . , , , [footnoteRef:43]. , , , . , : , , , . , ( , ), (, ), , , (), , ( , ). , [footnoteRef:44]. [43: Jaworski, A., Pritchard, A., eds., Discourse, communication and tourism, Channel View Publications, (pdf), p.129] [44: Richards, G., Hall, D., Tourism and sustainable community development, Routledge, 2000, p.271 (pdf)]

1.3. . . [footnoteRef:45]. [45: , ., , , , 2005, . 61-62]

, . . . , . , . . , , . - [footnoteRef:46]: [46: , ., , , , 2007 .21]

; - (, , , , .); - ( , , , , .); - (, , , .). , . , . . , . , , , . 70- . . , . (, , ) (, , , .). . , - . . .. : ( ); ( , , , , .); (, , ). , , , , . ( ) . , , , , . , , . , : ; ; ; ; . . , , , , , . [footnoteRef:47]: [47: Towards Quality Rural Tourism: Integrated Quality Management (IQM) of Rural Tourist Destinations, European Commission, Brussels, 1999, (pdf)]

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2. , ruralis . Momsen, [footnoteRef:48]. . [footnoteRef:49]: [48: Jafari, J., ed., Encyclopedia of tourism , Routledge, 2000, p.514 (pdf)] [49: Jaszczak, A., ukovskis, J., Tourism business in development of European rural areas, Management theory and studies for rural business and infrastructure development, Nr. 20 (1). Research papers, 2010, (pdf)]

() . ; ; ( ), , ; , , . . Lane[footnoteRef:50], , . : [50: Lane, B., What is rural tourism?, Journal of sustainable tourism, V. 2, I. 1&2, p.7-21, 1994]

; , , ( ); ; ; . Lane, , , , , . , , , , [footnoteRef:51]: [51: , ., , , , 2007 .25]

1. ;2. ;3. ;4. ;5. ; 6. . [footnoteRef:52]: , , , . , . [52: Tikkanen, I., Resource approach to rural tourism in Finland: case Vaajasalmi, Matkailututkimuksen XIV Symposium, Kuopio, Finland, 2004 (pdf)]

Foiera[footnoteRef:53], , . . . Foiera . , , .. . , , , . : [53: , ., , , , 2007 .25]

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( , ); ; . : , , , , , , . (, , , , , .). , , . , , . : ; ; , ; ; . , . , , , , [footnoteRef:55]. , , [footnoteRef:56]. [55: , ., , ., , , , 2006 .14] [56: , ., , , , 2008 .16]

, - [footnoteRef:57]. , , [footnoteRef:58]. , [footnoteRef:59]. , , , [footnoteRef:60]. ( ). [57: , ., -, , , 2010 .8] [58: , ., , , , , , 1997, .235] [59: , ., , .1, , , 2010 .289] [60: , ., , , , , , 2000 .259]

, . , . , , - . : ; ; ( ) ( ). (, , ) , . , , , , . , , [footnoteRef:61]. [61: , ., , , , 2009 .51]

[footnoteRef:62]: [62: Saxena, G., Clark, G., Oliver, T., Ilbery, B., Conceptualizing integrated rural tourism, Tourism Geographies, Vol. 9, No. 4, 347370, 2007, (pdf)]

(Selwyn[footnoteRef:63] 1996; Weaver[footnoteRef:64] 1998; Russo[footnoteRef:65] 2005); [63: Selwyn, T., Ed., The Tourist Image: Myths and Myth Making in Tourism, John Wiley, 1996] [64: Weaver, D. B., Peripheries of the periphery - Tourism in Tobago and Barbuda,Annals of Tourism Research, 25(2), pp. 292-313., 1998] [65: Russo, A., Cultural gateways: building partnerships for sustainabledevelopment in destination regions, Paper presented for the 45th Congress of theEuropean Regional Science Association. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 23-27, August, 2005]

, (Urry 1995)[footnoteRef:66] (Lash Urry 1994)[footnoteRef:67]; [66: Urry, J., Consuming Places, Routledge, London, 1995] [67: Lash, S., Urry, J., Economies of Signs and Space, Sage, London, 1994]

( ) (Cohen 1993)[footnoteRef:68]; [68: Cohen, E., Introduction: investigating tourist arts, Annals of Tourism Research,pp. 1-8, 1993]

, (Turner Ash 1975)[footnoteRef:69], ( ), (MacCannell[footnoteRef:70]1989; Selwyn[footnoteRef:71] 1996; Robinson Boniface[footnoteRef:72]1999); [69: Turner, L., Ash, J., The Golden Hordes: International Tourism and the Pleasure Periphery, Constable, London, 1975] [70: MacCannell, D., The Tourist, Macmillan, London, 1989] [71: Selwyn T., Ed., The Tourist Image: Myths and Myth Making in Tourism, John Wiley, 1996] [72: Robinson, M., Boniface, P., Eds., Tourism and Cultural Conflicts, CABI, Wallingford, 1999]

(Goffman[footnoteRef:73] 1975; Ryan Aicken[footnoteRef:74] 2005) (Crang 1998)[footnoteRef:75], (Feifer[footnoteRef:76] 1985; Tulloch [footnoteRef:77]1999); [73: Goffman, E., Frame Analysis: an Essay on the Organisation of Experience, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1975] [74: Ryan, C., Aicken, M., Eds., Indigenous Tourism: The Commodification and Management of Culture, Elsevier, Oxford, 2005] [75: Crang, M., Cultural Geography, Routledge, London, 1998] [76: Feifer, M., Going Places, Macmillan, London, 1985] [77: Tulloch, J., Performing Culture: Stories of Expertise and Everyday, Sage, London, 1999]

, (Ashworth Goodall 1990)[footnoteRef:78] , , (Tisdell 2000)[footnoteRef:79]; [78: Ashworth, G., Goodall, B., Eds., Marketing Tourism Places, Routledge, London, 1990] [79: Tisdell, C., Ed., The Economics of Tourism, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham 2000]

, (MacCannell 1989)[footnoteRef:80], (Lanquar 1990)[footnoteRef:81] (Scheyvens 2002)[footnoteRef:82]. [80: MacCannell, D., The Tourist, Macmillan, London, 1989] [81: Lanquar, R., Sociologie du tourisme et des voyages, PUF, Paris, 1990] [82: Scheyvens, R., Tourism for development: empowering communities, Pearson Education, Harlow, 2002]

2.1. , . . , [footnoteRef:83]: [83: Rui, P., Ruralni turizam, Institut za poljoprivredu i turizam Pore, Pula, 2005, str.17-32]

( , ) (, , -, , , , , , , , , ). , [footnoteRef:84]:, , , , , , , , , , . -, [footnoteRef:85]: [84: http://mk.ruralnet.mk/] [85: Holland, J., Dixey, L., Burian, M., Tourism in poor rural areas: diversifying the product and expanding the benefits in rural Uganda and the Czech Republic, PPT N.12, 2003 (pdf)]

- ; . (, ), ( ); , , , , , , , , , . [footnoteRef:86]: [86: Knowd, I., Rural tourism: panacea and paradox. Exploring the phenomenon of rural tourism and tourisms interaction with host rural communities, 2001, p.9 (pdf)]

( ), ; ; - , , .; , (, , ); (backpacker tourists[footnoteRef:87]) . , ( , , ); [87: . ; ; ; ; .]

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2.1.1. , . - , : , , ., . - . . . , . , () ( ). Foiera, . , : ; ( ); ; . . . , . Foiera, . , . . . , . ( ) . ( ). , , ( ) . , 35% , 38%, 10%[footnoteRef:89]. [89: , ., , , , 2007 .30]

, . , , [footnoteRef:90]. [90: Beus, C., Agritourism: cultivating tourists on the farm, Washington State University Extension, Publication, 2008 (pdf)]

2.1.2. [footnoteRef:91]. , , , , , . (, .). . , , . . , ( fermes auberges). [91: Harris, R., Griffin, T., Williams, P., ed., Sustainable tourism: a global perspective, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002 p.199 (pdf)]

, , [footnoteRef:92]. , ( ). , , . , . [92: , ., , , , 2007 .31]

. [footnoteRef:93]. , , . , . , . , (: , , ). , . . . ( ) . [93: Fleischer, A., Tchetchik, A., Does rural tourism benefit from agriculture?, Tourism Management, N. 26, p.493501, 2005, (pdf)]

2.1.3. . . , 2-16 ., , . : , , , , , , .; , ; , , . : , ( ) , , , (, .). , , .; ; 6 10. ; 70 . , . , . , . . . , , , . . . [footnoteRef:94]. [94: , ., , ., -, ., , , , 2006 .50]

2.1.4. , . , . , . , , . . , . 21 , , [footnoteRef:95]. , 21- . [95: , ., , , 1, .1, , , , 2006]

2.1.5. . XIX , Sorokin Zimmerman 1929 . 200 [footnoteRef:96]. [96: imkova,E., Strategic approaches to rural tourism and sustainable development of rural areas,AGRIC. ECON. CZECH, 53, (6): 263270, 2007, (pdf) ]

, [footnoteRef:97]: [97: Bryden, J., Rural Development Indicators and Diversity in the European Union, Conference proceeding: Measuring Rural Diversity, Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, p.21-22, 2002, (pdf) ]

, ; , ; . - (, ), [footnoteRef:98]. , . , . , , . , [footnoteRef:99]. [98: , ., , , 1, .30, , , , 2006] [99: imkova, E., The potential of rural tourism and sustainable development of rural areas, Economics and management, V.4, 2007, (pdf), p.57-62]

, . , 10 000 , 5000, 2000, 1000, 200 [footnoteRef:100]. . , . , [footnoteRef:101]: [100: Tourism strategies and rural development, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Paris, 1994 (pdf) p.8] [101: , . 63, , .49 12.04.2010 ]

, 30 000 150 ; : ( ), ( , ) ( 150 ); 4% , . , , . , . 10- [footnoteRef:102]. [102: , , .154, 12.12.2008]

2.1.6. Ashley Maxvell[footnoteRef:103], : [103: -, ., , , , , , 2005 Ashley, C., Maxvell, S., Rethinking rural development, Development policy revuew, 19, Blackwell Publishing, London, 2001 p.395-425]

, , , , ; ; ; .Halfacree, [footnoteRef:104]: [104: -, ., , , , , , 2005 Halfacree, K., Locality and social representation, Journal of rural studies, N.9, 1993 p.23-27]

1. , .;2. , , ;3. , , .; 4. , . , , . . Halfacree . Cloke, 16 ( , , , .) . , . [footnoteRef:105]: [105: -, ., , , , , , 2005 Cloke, P., An index of rurality for England and Wales, Regional studies, 2, 1997 p.31-46]

, , , ; , . . : ? ? ? ? ? ? ?: / . :1. ( ) . ? ? / ? ? ?2. www.baatbg.org. . ? ?

3. . , . , [footnoteRef:106]: [106: , ., , , , 2007 .39]

(); - ( ); ; ; ; , ; .3.1. . , . , - [footnoteRef:107]. [footnoteRef:108]: [107: , ., , , , 2008, .152] [108: , ., , , , 2006 . 188-302]

, , , .; , , .; . : , ; , , , , . , [footnoteRef:109]: [109: , ., , , , 2004]

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; ; ; . , . , , , (- )[footnoteRef:112]. [112: , ., , , , 2009 .59]

( , , .) , , . , . . , . , , . . , .. , . , .3.2.2. . . - , , . , , . . ( ), (, , ). , , . , . . , . , . , ( ) . , . , , , . : , , . . . , , . , ( ) . , . . , , . , [footnoteRef:113]. , , , , , . , , . [113: , ( www.hotelmanastir.com.mk http://auroraresort.mk/), . ( www.tutto.com.mk), ( www.popovakula.com.mk), ( www.etnoselo.com.mk), ( www.kalinhotel.com.mk) .]

3.2.3. . . , . , . , : , , . , , : , , , , .[footnoteRef:114]. , ( ) , . [footnoteRef:115]: [114: , ., , , , 2006 .37] [115: , ., , ., , ., , , , 2003]

, ; , , ; , . . , , , , . , . , . . , [footnoteRef:116]. . ( , , , , .) , . : , , , , . , (, , , ), . , , . . . , , , , . [116: -, ., , , , , , 2005 .37]

4.3. , . : , . , , , . , : , , , , . () [footnoteRef:117]. [117: Sharpley, R., Telfer, D., ed., Tourism and development: concepts and issues, Channel View Publication, 2002, p.167 (pdf)]

CHAR, [footnoteRef:118]: [118: , ., , , , 2007 .49]

C cleanness ( , , , ); H hospitality ; A attraction ; R rural . , . , , . , , . , . , . , , . . . . . - , , . , , , . . . , [footnoteRef:119]. . , . , , . , , . - , , . - , . , . , : , , , . [119: , ., , XI 2005, 2, , 2006 .185]

, . : . , . ; ; . . . ; . [footnoteRef:120]. . : 30% , 20% , 16% , 25% . . , , . , . , , . . [120: , ., , , , 2007 .51]

3.4. . . , [footnoteRef:121]: [121: Swarbrooke, J., The development and management of visitor attractions, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002, p.3 (pdf)]

1. ;2. ;3. ;4. ;5. , ; 6. , . , [footnoteRef:122]. [122: Picard, D., Robinson, M., ed., Festivals, Tourism and Social Change: Remaking Worlds, Channel View Publications, 2006, p.229 (pdf)]

, , . - ( , ). , , , . , , : . , . , , , . , , , (), , , , . , . , , . 3.5. - , [footnoteRef:123]. [123: , ., , , , , 2006 .66]

, [footnoteRef:124]: [124: , ., , ., -, ., , , , 2006 .32]

. . ; . . . , 15 . . , , . ; . . . , . ; : , , , , . , . , , [footnoteRef:125]. [125: Hjalager, A.M., Richards, G., ed., Tourism and gastronomy, Routledge, London, 2002, p.3 (pdf)]

Visentin, , , [footnoteRef:126]. [126: Sidali, K., Spiller, A., Schulze, B., ed., Food, Agri-culture and tourism - Linking local gastronomy and rural tourism: interdisciplinary perspectives, Springer, 2011 (pdf)]

. . , . , . , . 50% , 10% [footnoteRef:127]. , . . . , , () .[footnoteRef:128] [127: Sims, R., Food, place and authenticity: local food and the sustainable tourism experience, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Vol. 17, No. 3, 321336, 2009, (pdf)] [128: Hall, M., Sharples, L., Food and wine festivals and events around the world: development, management and markets, Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, p.67 (pdf)]

3.6. 100 . (WTO) 1996 . 109 . WTO [footnoteRef:129]: [129: Jeffries, D., Governments and tourism, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001, p.10 (pdf)]

1. : , ; .2. . , , : , - , , .3.6.1. , [footnoteRef:130]. . : , , ( ), . [130: Beeton, S., Community development through tourism, Landlinks Press, 2006, p.163 (pdf)]

, [footnoteRef:131]. ( ) , ( 2005 .) ( ). . 5 . [footnoteRef:132]: [131: Butler, R., Hall, M., Jenkins, J., ed., Tourism and recreation in rural areas, John Wiley and Sons, 1998, p.103] [132: , ., , , , 2009 .53]

, ; , . , ; , ; , , , , , , .3.6.2. , . , . , , . , , . , . . , , , . , , . . . . . , (, , .), , . , , . , : ; ; ; ; . . , , . : ; ; - ; ; ; ( ) . , . , . , : ; ; ( , ) . : ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ?: [footnoteRef:133] [133: http://slowfood.mk]

(Slow Food) , - , . , , , . , . 1986 . , 100.000 160 1300 (). : , , , , . , , . , , . : , , . , , , . , . , , . , , , . , . : Salone del Gusto ( ) , Cheese () , Slow Fish ( ) , Terra Madre ( ) . Earth Market ( ). , , , : , , , , , , . , . . , , , . , , , , , , , - , , , . , , , , . , , . , , . . ? ? ? ? : .

3.6.3. Thomas, [footnoteRef:134]. [134: Butler, R., Hinch, T., ed., Tourism and indigenous peoples: issues and implications, Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2007, p.206 (pdf)]

, , [footnoteRef:135]. , , : [135: , ., , , , 2003 .27]

; ; . , (from the bottom up) , .. (from the top down). Mistahaya 2000 ., 8 12. ( ), . . . . . , . , , . . , [footnoteRef:136]. [136: , ., , ., -, ., , , , 2006 .23]

1999 . 236 - . : - , - , , . , 23 . . . , .. . , . . .. . , . . , . 3.7. Hannagan, , ( ) [footnoteRef:137]: [137: -, ., , , , , , 2005 .34]

(accommodation); (access facilities); (available services); (amenities); (activities). , . , , , : ; ; ; ; ; ; ; . , . , - , . , . . 3.7.1. , , [footnoteRef:138]. [138: , ., , , , 2007 .64]

, : ; , ; ; ; ; ; ; . , . : : , , , , .; : , , , .; ( : ; : , , , .; : , , .; , , : , , , . , , . . : : , , , ; : , , , .; , , , , .; - ; ; , . . . , , , . - .3.8. - , [footnoteRef:139]. [139: , ., , ., , , , 2005 .60]

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Lassila 2000 ., - . 92% , 70% . , , . , [footnoteRef:149]. , . [149: Thomas, R., ed., Small firms in tourism: international perspectives, Elsevier Ltd., 2004, p.120 (pdf)]

, . , Slee, Farr Snowdon , . , [footnoteRef:150]: [150: -, ., , , , , , 2005 Stabler, M., ed., Tourism and sustainability: Priniciples to practice, CAB International, UK, 1997]

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, , . , . , , . , , . . , . . , , ( ) . ( ). , , , . ( ) 95% . , . , . . ( 24% ). (53% [footnoteRef:158]) . , ( 55% ). [158: Prideaux, B., Moscardo, G., Laws, E., ed., Managing tourism and hospitality services: theory and international application, CABI International, 2006, p.106 (pdf)]

, : ; ; ; ( ) (, , ). : ? Hannagan, ? , ? ? ? ? ? ? ?: . 200 , 125.000 . , . , , - . , . , , , . , , . , . , . , mercapitufo -, . , 2000 , . , ... , ... . , . , . , [footnoteRef:159]. , , . , , 30 [footnoteRef:160]. [159: http://www.karmakasha.mk/rubriki/patuvanja/item/4884-shtrumfovvski-ruralen-turizam-vo-andaluzija] [160: www.villa-lulu.com]

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(, , , , ); () (, , , , (), , ). : ( ); ( , ); ; .4.6. (, ). , : : ,, ,, , ; :,,,, (, , , , ); :, , ,, , ,, ; . , : , .; , , . , . , ( ). , .4.7. . , . . , .. . . , . , [footnoteRef:163]: [163: , ., , , , 2007 .97]

1. : , .; : , , ; ; , 44 .2. : ; (ski mountaineering, off-boarding, cross country skiing, snowshoeing); ; .3. : ; ; ; -; ; ; ; ; .4. : ; ; ; .5. : ; ; ; ; .6. : ; ; ; .7. : ; ; ; ( ); ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ( , , .).8. : ; ; .9. : ; - .10. : ; . ( ) [footnoteRef:164]. [164: , ., -, ., , , , 2008 .78]

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: . , - , , , , . , , , , , . , , . . , : , , ( )[footnoteRef:192]. . [footnoteRef:193]. [192: Pritchard, A.,et al., eds., Tourism and Gender: Embodiment, Sensuality and Experience, CAB International 2007, p.305 (pdf)] [193: Sinclair, T., M., ed., Gender, work and tourism, Routledge, 1997, p.6 (pdf)]

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: , ? ? ? ? "" "" ? ? ? ? ?

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[footnoteRef:203] 820. 2 , . 57 , . USAID/CBI, USAID/CSHI. , , , , , , 12 . , . . . . [footnoteRef:204] , . , 200 . [203: , . , .. , 610 . . . , XIX . , .. . 1321 . , 1818 , . . , . ] [204: 7,2 1.500 VIII V .., ]

(, )? , ?

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34% [footnoteRef:207]. 2 [footnoteRef:208]. [footnoteRef:209], . , [footnoteRef:210]. , , 14% , 16%. , , , , , . [207: Campanhola, C., Graziano da Silva, J.,Tourism in the rural area as a new opportunity for small farmers, Texto para Discusso, IE/UNICAMP, Campinas, n. 72, 1999, (pdf)] [208: Page, S., Getz, D., ed., The business of rural tourism: International perspectives, International Thomson Business Press, 1997 p.128] [209: -, ., , , 1996 .90] [210: , ., , , , 2005, . 21-22]

1955 . (Sudsteirische Weinstrae)[footnoteRef:211], 70- 26 000 114 000 230 000 [footnoteRef:212]. . . 1991 . 80% [footnoteRef:213]. [211: Hall, M., Sharples, L., Mitchell,R., Macionis, N., Cambourne, N., ed., Food tourism around the world: Development, management and markets, Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2003, p.150 (pdf)] [212: Dernoi, L., Farm tourism in Europe, Tourism Management, V.4, I. 3, p.155-166, 1983, (pdf)] [213: Breiling, M., Rural Tourism: Experiences from Austria, Opportunities for Japan, Japanese Rural Planning Society, Kinki Meeting, 2005 (pdf)]

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, . , , , , , . , , . , . , , . . , , , . , . . 1989 . , . , , . , , , , , , , . 1992 ., . , , 80% [footnoteRef:216]. . , . [216: Ivona, A., Farm tourism and rural development. A successful combination? A local experience, paper presented at the International Conference Reinventing Regions in the Global Economy, Pisa, 2003, (pdf)]

1. 1.1. 1.1.1. . , . . . . . . , , , . , [footnoteRef:217]: [217: -, ., , , , , , 2005 .103]

- , . , .; , , , ; . , ; , . ; . ; , ; . , : , ; , . ; . . . ( ); ; - - , , . ( ); , , , . ( ), . ; - , , ; ( , ); ; - . ( , , ). , . 1.1.2. , [footnoteRef:218]. , . . , . : [218: -, ., , , , , , 2005 .80]

4% . 35% ( , , , .) . . 16% . . . , . , . 23% . . 23%. , - . . , . ( ):1. ;2. : , , , , , .;3. (, , .), ;4. - ;5. ;6. ( );7. (, );8. ;9. - ; 10. (, , ). , . , , ( ). . , , . . . , . , (- ) . , . . , . . . , , . , , . . . . , , . , , . . . . , - . , , - . - , , ( ) . , . - . , , . . 1.2. General Household Survey 3 Countryside Recreation Survey 4,75% [footnoteRef:219]. , 39% ( 25 000 )[footnoteRef:220]. 12 380 000 [footnoteRef:221]. [219: Middleton, V., Tourism in rural areas, Tourism Management, 3 (10), 1982, p.52-58] [220: Rural and Farm Tourism, Publication, VisitBritain, 2004 (pdf)] [221: Ilbery, B.,Saxena, G.,Kneafsey, M., Exploring tourists and gatekeepers attitudes towards integrated rural tourism in the EnglandWales border region, Tourism Geographies, Vol. 9, No. 4, 441468, 2007 (pdf)]

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1996 ., : ; ( , , .); (, , , .); . , : ; ; ; ; .Coles[footnoteRef:225], Eden Project[footnoteRef:226]. [225: Gssling,S.,Hall, M., Weaver, D., ed., Sustainabletourism futures:perspectives on systems,restructuring and innovations, Routledge, 2009, p.210 (pdf)] [226: www.edenproject.com (03.03.2011)]

1.3. 2002 . 4% . , , , , ( ). , 2008 . 25 000 [footnoteRef:227]. , [footnoteRef:228]. [227: Sidali, K., Farm tourism: a cross-country empirical study in Germany and Italy, PhD dissertation, Georg-August-University, Germany, 2009 p.14 (pdf)] [228: , ., , , , 2008 .18]

. . , . . 30 . Friedrich, (factory outlet centers) [footnoteRef:229]. [229: Conrady, R., Buck, M., ed., Trends and Issues in Global Tourism, Springer, 2007, p.109 (pdf)]

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, LEADER I LEADER II 10 000 , 2 315 2 300 [footnoteRef:231]. [231: Skuras, D., Petrou, A.,Clark, G., Demand for rural tourism: the effects of quality and information, Agricultural Economics, N. 35, p.183192, 2006 (pdf)]

1997 . 0,5% 895 . - ( ). . . , . (895) : 65% , 17,5% 9% [footnoteRef:232]. , . 895 , 35% , 50% . , [footnoteRef:233]. [232: , ., , , , 2008 .26] [233: Skuras, D., Dimara, E., Petrou, A., Rural Tourism and Visitors Expenditures for Local Food Products, Regional Studies, Vol. 40.7, pp. 769779, 2006, (pdf)]

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1.6. 90-. . 2002 . 13,3% . 2003 ., 850 [footnoteRef:236]. [236: , ., , , , 2008 .22]

, , . (16-22 ). : , , , , .1.7. 1983 . , " , [footnoteRef:237]. , 60- [footnoteRef:238]. [237: Agostini, S., Learning Sustainability of Rural Tourism: Farm Competitiveness and Landscape Health Risk Assessment, International Commission of Agricultural Engineering, E-Journal Volume 9, 2007, (pdf)] [238: , ., , , , , 2002, .86]

1985 ., . ( ). 2000 . 9 314 , Toscane (21%), Bolsano (21,4%), Umbria Trentino, Alto, Adige. 2002 . 11 000, 0,7% . 2000 . 9 314 , 50% , 8% , 14% . 2000 . 110 000 ( 13 ), 2002 . 130 000 . 99 , 6 . 2008 . 17 895[footnoteRef:239]. [239: Sidali, K., Farm tourism: a cross-country empirical study in Germany and Italy, PhD dissertation, Georg-August-University, Germany, 2009 p.42 (pdf)]

2000 . 1 800 000 , 255 000 . 10 36 ( 10% ), . , ( ) . 10% 2000-2002 . 1998 ., Umbria . , , , . , . [footnoteRef:240]: [240: Jaszczak, A., ukovskis, J., Tourism business in development of European rural areas, Management theory and studies for rural business and infrastructure development, Nr. 20 (1). Research papers, 2010, (pdf)]

: luogi dell anima( ) , , , (34 Umbria); paesaggio d'autore ( ); sentieri di gusto( ) ( ); sentieri di fare( ) , , , . ; ( ). : slow trek , , , ; sentieri del gusto( ) , , , ; acqua d'Umbria sport( ) ( ) , ; acqua d'Umbria( ) ( ), ; feste vive( ) , ; scuola in vacanza( ) , , , .1.8. . (, ). . 120 , , . , . (horse tourism) , 15% 18% , [footnoteRef:241]. [241: Helgadottir, G., Sigurdardottir, I., Horse-based tourism: community, quality and disinterest in economic value, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Vol. 8, No. 2, 105121, 2008, (pdf)]

: , , . 90 , 10. , , , , . , : , . , . , , ( , , , ).1.9. LEADER I LEADER II[footnoteRef:242]. 2002 . , . (190 000 000 ) : . , . [242: , ., , , , 2008 .25]

1.10. 1998 ., . . , . , : , , ( , ) . storks, . : 2001 . 202, 651 1624 . 32 000 . 2006 . 246 000 (10,5% ), 531, 3318 9273 [footnoteRef:243]. 2006 ., 30% [footnoteRef:244]. ( ) 30 [footnoteRef:245]. [243: Damulien, A., SAPARD support efficiency to rural tourism business, 2008 (pdf)] [244: Ramanauskien, J., Gargasas, A., Ramanauskas, J., Marketing solutions in rural tourism development in Lithuania, Ekonomika, N.74, 2006, p.38-51(pdf)] [245: http://www.atostogoskaime.lt/en/(08.02.2011)]

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2000 . 1880 , 2007 . 8099[footnoteRef:248]. [248: Zvaigzne, A., Risk diversification strategies of Latvian rural tourism enterprises, Ekonomika ir vadyba: aktualijos ir perspektyvos, V.3, N. 12, p.387394, 2008 (pdf)]

2000 ., ( ). . 2003 ., . , . (, , .). . 1.12. , : ( 53% ) . 12 , 178 , 130 433 , [footnoteRef:249]. [249: , ., , , , 2008 .29]

25 000 . 70 5 5 . , . 2000 . 5 , 10 ANTREC, (Satul Moldovenesc) 200 . , . 2 50 , 4 70 . : ( ) 2003 . , . : ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?: , . ? ? ? ? : : www.farmstay.co.uk www.edenproject.com

1.13. , . , : , , , . 5,4% . , 11 [footnoteRef:250]. [250: , ., , , , 2008 .23]

, . (NILF) 10% .1.14. 1995 ., [footnoteRef:251]. 1996 . 0,5% . 1997 ., (Director Geral do Turismo - DGT): [251: Pardellas, X., Padin, C., Vareiro, L.,Ribeiro, J., Tourism in rural areas: a comparative analysis of Galicia and North of Portugal, ERSA conference papers from European Regional Science Association, (pdf)]

TR ( ): ; AT ( ): ; TH ( ): XVI-XVII , ( ): . , TER DGT. , , (TR TH) . , ( , , ). [footnoteRef:252]. [252: , ., , , , 2008 .15]

1.15. XIX . 50- XX , . . 1990 . . , . 2001 . . , , . 1993 ., 50- ( 1996 .)[footnoteRef:253]. [253: Hall, D., Roberts, L., Mitchell, M., ed., New directions in rural tourism, Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2003 p.206]

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, ; ; , 15% . 2030 43 700 : , , , , . , . 5% [footnoteRef:271]. [271: Komppula, R., Saraniemi, S., Export Success Determinants in Rural Tourism, Paper presented at the ANZMAC conference, Sydney, Australia, 2008, (pdf)]

, , Aland. , Uniquely Finnish Maakuntien Parhaat. 1.22. . 50- (gites ruraux), , . 1973 ., 9978, 1981 . 25 262, 150 000 7,5 [footnoteRef:272]. [272: Dernoi, L., Farm tourism in Europe, Tourism Management, V.4, I. 3, p.155-166, 1983, (pdf)]

1964 . . , . , , . , . 2,8% ( 20 000) . 15 , 14%. 1988 ., 2000 . , . , 30% .1.23. , 1995 . . , , , [footnoteRef:273]. [273: Turizam na seoskim obiteljskim gospodarstvima Hrvatska gospodarska komora, Sektor za turizam I ugostiteljstvo, 2002, (pdf)]

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, Valais, , [footnoteRef:278]. . 252 . , . [278: , ., , , , 2008 .16]

, 01.01.2002 . (SRVA, AGORA, AGIR) . (Centre de competences du tourisme rural en Suisse romande), (Geneve, Vaud, Valais, Neuchatel, Fribourg, Jura, Jura Bernois), . : (www.tourisme-rural.ch), , 450 , .1.25. 1967 ., 384 827 [footnoteRef:279]. 2003 . 52 848[footnoteRef:280]. 80- - , ( - , ). turismo rural . agro turismo, 5-80% ( 20%). [279: Dernoi, L., Farm tourism in Europe, Tourism Management, V.4, I. 3, p.155-166, 1983, (pdf)] [280: Barke, M., Rural Tourism in Spain, International Journal of Tourism Research,V.6, p.137149 2004 (pdf)]

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2. 2.1. 84 , . 75 , . . . . 5,2 . Uluru, Kakadu. Hunter 75 000 .2.2. Talfer, 80- , 400 [footnoteRef:282]. [282: Richards, G., Hall, D., Tourism and sustainable community development, Routledge, 2000, p.245 (pdf)]

, , . 50% ( ) 2002 [footnoteRef:283]. . 2002 . 20 36 , . ( 80% ). [283: Rural and Small Town Canada Analysis Bulletin, Vol.6, No. 5, 2005 (pdf)]

- 37% - 23%. - 13% - 9%. . - XIX , , .2.3. . Travel Industry Association of America, 62% [footnoteRef:284]. 50- , 30 [footnoteRef:285]. , 2001 . 420 000 [footnoteRef:286]. [284: Miller, R., & Associates, Rural and small-town tourism, The 2007 Travel & Tourism Market Research Handbook, 2006, (pdf)] [285: Luloff, A., Bridger, J, Graefe, A., Saylor, M., Martin, K., Gitelson, R., Assessing rural tourism efforts in the United States, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 21, pp. 46-64, 1994 (pdf)] [286: Snyder, J.M., Stonehouse, B., ed., Prospects for polar tourism, CABI Publishing, 2006, p.53 (pdf)]

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3. 3.1. Eurogites[footnoteRef:291] [291: www.eurogites.org (15.02.2011)]

Eurogites . 28- . , , , . 35- , Eurogites . . . , , . 35- 28 100 000 . Bed&Breakfast[footnoteRef:292] , , : , Eurogites. 1. [292: ]

3.2. ECOVAST[footnoteRef:293] [293: www.ecovast.org (15.02.2011)]

() , : , - ; , .ECOVAST 500 20 . , , , , . , , , , , , , , , . 1994 .,ECOVAST " . . ECOVAST , . ECOVAST . , , . , . 3.3. Rural tourism international[footnoteRef:294] [294: www.ruraltourisminternational.org (15.02.2011)]

(RTI-TN) 2005 . 10 / . . 3.4. ( ) , 2003 ., ( 2010 .). , 95/57/ 23.11.1995 ., . 3[footnoteRef:295], ( , , .) . , . , (Latvian country tourism association) , , , . . [295: .]

, . : 200 000 ; 2 000 000 ; 500 000 ; 12 . , 26 . , 65 . [footnoteRef:296] 1998 ., 23% . 2010 . 28%, (36%)[footnoteRef:297]. [296: The Europeans on holidays: Facts and Figures, European Commission, 1998, (pdf), p.6] [297: Survey on the attitudes of Europeans towards tourism: Analytical report, Wave 2, European Commission, 2010, (pdf) p.36, The Gallup Organisation, Hungary 27 : , , , ]

: ? ? ANTREC ? ? ? ? , , ? ? ? 50- ? Farm stay willage project ? ?: [footnoteRef:298] 2003 . . . 2013 . . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? [298: , .]

: www.antrec.ro

III 1. . , , . , . , : , . [footnoteRef:299], 10 , , [footnoteRef:300]. [299: , , 2004] [300: : , , ]

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10 : , , , , , , , ,