부 탄 개 황

2012. 5.

주 인 도 대 사

[ 부 탄 국 ]

o 1960년에 제정된 탄 는 노란색과 주황색 두 가 색 로 나누어 삼각형 로

된 탕 가 데에는 하얀색 그려져 .

o 하얀색 탄 라는 명 티 트어 언 로 ' 나라' 라는 뜻 미하며,

에 고 는 보 를 미함.

o 하얀색 충 과 순결에 대한 찬 , 노란색 주를, 주황색 를 미함.

[ Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck 부탄 5대 국왕 ]

목 차

I. 일 개 황

1. ························································································································ 3

2. ․ ··················································································································· 4

3. ························································································································ 5

4. ························································································································ 5

II. 약 사

1. ·································································································· 9

2. Wangchuck ····················································································· 10

3. ···················································· 11

III. 치

1. ················································································································ 15

2. ················································································································ 17

IV. 외 교

1. ······································································································ 21

2. ························································································ 21

3. ················································································ 23

V. 경

1. ······················································································································ 27

2. ·································································································· 27

3. ······································································································ 28

4. 對 ···················································································· 30

VI. 교 /종교/ 화/ /군사

1. ······················································································································ 33

2. ························································································································ 33

3. ························································································································ 34

4. ················································································································ 34

5. ························································································································ 35

VII. 한-부탄 계 개요

1. - ········································································································ 39

2. ···································································································· 40

3. ································································································ 41

4. ···································································································· 41

5. ······································································································ 42

부록. 주요 인사 약력

I. 일 반 개 황

I. 일 개 황

1. 일

o : (Kingdom of Bhutan)

o : ( ), ( :

, : , : , )

o : 4 , , ,

o : 38,394㎢( 1/5)

- 300㎞, 170㎞

- , ․ ,

※ 내 20개 7,000m 상 존 ( 고 Jhomo Lhari는 7,314m)

- 72.5% , 10% , 8% ,

3.9%

o : 716,896 (2012 )

- : 1.8%

- 35%, 65%

o : (Thimphu) ( : 10 4 , 2012 )

※ 해 2,320m

o : (Bhote) 50%, 35%, 15%

o : (Dzongkha : ), ,

o : Drupka ( ) 75%, ( ) 25%

o : - Kuensel( , ) / Bhutan Times( 2 ,

, 2006 ) / Bhutan Observer( , , 2006

),

TV - BBS(Bhutan Broadcasting Service, , )

o : 53%( 40%, 66%)

2. 치 ․외교

o : 1949.8.8

-

1949.8.8

o : 12.17( 1907.12.17 )

o :

o (King) : Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck(2006.12.14 )

※ 점 술에 택하고 하에 정 경험 하여 약 2년

난 2008.11.6 식 개

o :

- 25 : 20 , 5 , 5

※ 2008.1월 거 실시

- 47 : , 5

※ 2008.3.24 거 실시

o : , Jigme Thinley (2008.4.9 )

- 10

o : Ugyen Tshering(2008.4 )

o : DPT(Druk Phuensum Tshogpa : )

PDP(People’s Democratic Party : )

o : 33 ( ․ ․

)

※ 공 : , 라 시, 쿠웨 트, 태 , UN , 스 스 등

※ 내 상주공 : , 라 시, 태 ( 사 ) 등

o : (1971.9.21), (1972 )

o ( ) : 6,000 , 2,000

※ 비 : 1,370만 (GDP 1.8%)

3. 경

o (GDP) : 18.3 (2011 )

o 1 GDP : 6,000 (2011 )

o GDP : 8.1%(2011 )

※ 7 ~ 6 .

o

- 10 5 (2008-13)

, ,

o : (Ngultrum), (Rupee)

- 1 ≒1 (2011 US1 ≒52.85 )

o : ( ),

o (2010 ) : 5.08 / 7.86

o : 2005-10 17,500

o : 12.75 (2011 )

4. 지리

o ( ), ( , , ,

)

- 70% 9%

o

- 50km “ ”

(

5 ~7 mm)

o

- 1,000~1,500mm 1,200~3,000m ,

-

o

- ,

II. 약 사

II. 약 사

1. 부탄왕국의 립

o ‘ ’ bhu-uttan (the high

country) bhot'anta(the country of the Bhotias :

)

o 8 (Padmasambhava Guru Rinpoche)

( )

- , , ,

o 13~14 Phajo Drugom Shigpo, Longchen Rabpampa

, (drupkas)

- 17

o 1616 (drukpa-kagyu) Shabdrung( :

Ngawang Namgyal) ,

Chhoesi ․

- Druk Desi( deb raja), Je

Khenpo( dharma raja)

- Chhoesi 2 17

o 18 , 19

- 1772

- 1774

- 1865 - (‘Sinchula’ )

( )

, 5

2. Wangchuck 왕조의 수립

o ‘ (Ugyen Dorji Wangchuk)’ 1907 ,

(Maha Raja) ,

- 1907

o 1910 - (Punakha Treaty)

- ,

- (British India), ( 10 )

o 1926 ‘ ’ 2

o 1947 前 (British India) ( ․ )

o 1949 - (1949.8.8 )

- , 1910 ․

- - -

※ - 력조약

는 내정 간

계에 조언 수

는 년간 50만루피 보조 로 에

는 1865년 점령했 동 경 32 (Dewangiri 역) 에

양 간 역 철폐

민에 해 내

o 1952 10 ‘ ’ 3

-

3. 부탄왕국의 안 입헌군주 로의 환

o 1972 7 ‘ ’ 4 18

(decentralization)

-

- , (decentralization),

,

, GNH(Gross National Happiness)

,

2006.12

[ 민행복 수 (GNH : Gross National Happiness) ]

o 1972년 제4 (Jigme Singye Wangchuck) 경제 전 적 전

문 에 하여 민 삶 과 행복감 높 수 는 향 로 어야

한다는 취 에 경제적 전만 가하는 GDP 체할 수 는 GNH 개념

제안

o 정 는 GNH 계량적 로 정할 수 는 개 하 2008.11월

제5 GNH 가 정책 본틀로 채택

※ GNH 4 (1) 등하고 적 사 경제 전, (2) 전 가 보존

전, (3) 연 경 보존, (4) 조

o 제5 취 2007.12월 2008.3월간 12개 행정 역에 거주하는

950 주민 상 로 9개 야 72개 항 로 행복 수 조사 시행

하 , 동 조사결과 GNH Index 0.812 로 GNH 향상 여 가

※ 2006년 Business Week 민행복 수 조사에 아시아 가 1 ,

전 계 가 8 차

o 정 가 새로 정책 시행하 해 는 경 향 가 사한

GNH 향 가 거쳐야 함.

o 2006 12 ‘ (Jigem Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck)’

5

- 2007.1 -

(1949 ) (

) , 2008 /

III. 치

III. 치

1. 치 도

.

o 1907 , 2008

o ,

o 3/4 ( 5 )

. ( / )

o (National Council)

- : 25 (20 20 1 , 5 )

- : 5

- : ,

o (National Assembly)

- : 47 (DPT 45 , PDP 2 )

※ 20개주 로 비 에 라 2~7 하원 원 , 헌 상

원수는 55

- : 5

- : ( ),

, 5

- : 2 (1 3 ),

o

- 18 , 25 65 /

( )

. :

o 10

o ( Lyonpo)

건 (Work & Human Settlement) Yeshey Zimba

경제 (Economic Affiars) Khandu Wangchuck

정 (Finance) Wangdi Norbu

(Foreign Affairs) Ugyen Tshering

보건 (Health) Zangley Dukpa

내무/문 (Home & Cultural Affiars) Minjur Dorji

(Education) Thakur Singh Powdyel

농업산 (Agriculture & Forestry) Pema Gyamtsho

정보 신 (Information & Communication) Nandalal Rai

노동/ 적 원 (Labour & Human Resources) Dorji Wangdi

.

o 4 (Administrative Zone; Dzongdey) ,

4 20 (District; Dzongkhag) ,

Dungkang

o (District) (Block; Gewog) ,

(Gup)

.

o , , 3

o 8 ,

4

o ( 10 ), ( 5 ), ( 10 ),

( 10 ) (National Judicial Commission)

※ 가사 원 : 원 ( 원 ), 고등 원 사, 하원 제 원 원 ,

무 로

o ,

.

o (Rabdey) , 5,000

,

o Je Khempo ,

2. 국내

. (Governance)

o 2004.11

, 2005.3

,

2008

o 2008.3.24 ( 79%) (Jigmy Thinley)

(DPT) 47 45

(Sangay Ngedup) (PDP)

※ 당 민민주당보다 향 로 알려짐.

o 2008 · 2013.3

2012 ( 6 )

. ( )

o 20

, 1950

1958 ‘ ’ , 1958

10

o 1961

o 1980

‘1 1 ’

(Dzongkha) , 1985 ‘ ’

,

1988

o 1990.9 10,000

․

,

o 1991 ( ) 10

, -

- 103,000 (UNHCR ) UNHCR

, 2007

60,000 , , , , ,

10,000

IV. 외

IV. 외 교

1. 본 외교 책

o , 1960

1971 UN

o

, (1975 ) (1951 )

2. 주요 인 국과의 계

.

o 1949 8 - 1910

- ․

2007.1 -

(

)

o 1 ,

,

o , ULFA

( ), Bodoland KLO

(Kamatapur Liberation Organization)

,

, 2002.12

o 63.9%, 94%

(2002-07 9 5 3.8

) , , 2008

o Jigmy Thinley 2009.7

1 4 5

1 4 1

o Wangchuck 2011.10.23-31

( )

- (2011.10.13) ,

, ,

,

- , 2020

10,000MW

.

o - ,

※ 1959년 히말라야 역 경 찬시 로 시하

티 라고 주 하 고, 에 해 네루 는 에 한 략

에 한 공격 로 간주할 것 라고 경고

o , 2001-02 -

o 470km 1998 ‘

’ ( 269km)

, 2005 200

20km ,

.

.

o Wangchuck - 25

2011.11.15-20 .

△ , △

, △

o (GNH),

故

o · , , ·

,

,

.

o ,

- 1993 - ( , , ,

4 )

3. 대외 계에 있어 의 특

o 2007.1 -

,

- ․

(1962 ), (1967 ), UN(1971 ), ESCAP(1972

), (1973 )

- 33

, , , , , ,

, , , , , , , , ,

, , , , , , , , ,

, , , , , , ,

, , (EU)

o ‘ ’(SAARC)

- ,

2010.4 (Thimpu) SAARC

V. 경

V. 경

1. 개

o , 1961

․ , , 5

2. 부탄의 산업구조

o 2011 (GDP) 18.3 ,

19.0%, 2 40.6%, 40.4%

o ,

65% , ( , , ,

) ( , )

o 2

,

1

[ 연 산업비 ]

2007년 2008년 2009년 2010년

1차산업 20.5% 20.7% 20.5% 19.0%

2차산업 42.3% 40.9% 39.7% 40.6%

(제조업) (25.0%) (8.5%) (6.9%) (20.2%)

3차산업 37.3% 38.4% 39.8% 40.4%

( 처 : 가 계 2011)

[ 수력 전 ]

o 험 한 산악 역 차 하고 는 적 특 로 해

약 30,000MW 수력 전 력 보 하고 , 상업적 로 개 가능한 수력

전 량 23,760MW

o 2008년 Tala 수력 전 ( 전 량 1,020 MW) 포함하여 전 력

6.3% 1,497MW만 개 상태

o 에 생산 는 수력 전 여전력 로 수 고 , 과

는 2020년 10,000MW 전 량 갖 하여 10개 수력 전

가 건 하는 프로젝트 행 (2008년 싱 문시 합 )

o , , Ferro Silicon, Calcium Carbide,

o 3 ( ) ,

- 2010 27,195 , 24%

.

3. 최근 경 황

o , 2007 20%

GDP , 2011 8.1%( ) GDP

- 2007 Tala ( 1,020MW) (2008.4

)

[ GDP ]

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

6.4% 17.9% 4.7% 6.7% 11.8%

( 계년 (7월~ 년 6월) , 처 : 가 계 2011)

o

- ( , 60%),

(Ferro-silicon), Calcium Carbide, (copper wire), ,

(82%), (11.5%), (4.7%) (2010 ,

5.08 )

- , , , ,

(79%), 한국(5.4%), (2.6%), (2.4%), (2.3%) (2010

, 7.86 )

o 10 5 (2008-13) ,

, , ,

.

- , , ,

(reconstruction), (disaster risk reduction),

(earthquake programmes) .

※ 탄 2009.9월 도 6.3규모 생

- (

) , ,

[ 제10차 경제개 5개년 계 ]

o 본원 : 민행복 수(Gross National Happiness : GNH) 근간 는 등

하고 적 사 경제 전, 전 가 보존 전, 연 경

보존, 조(Good Governance) 4 원 에 근거한 전

o 주 : 빈곤감 (빈곤 하 민 비 31.7% → 20% 로 감 )

o 주 전략 : 농 개 , 역 균 개 , 민간 야 전, 사 간접 본

4. 對부탄의 개 원조 황

o OECD DAC( )

(LDC : Least Developed Countries) , 2005-10 17,500

o

, 10

9%

VI. /종 /문화/ / 사

VI. 교 / 종교 / 화 / / 군사

1. 교

o

- 1950

, 2009 388

- 1961 1 5

․ , 11

( 7 , 4 )

(11~12 )

- Royal University of Bhutan

- 1,299 17 6 (2008 )

※ 2000년 학생수 11만8천

o

- 500 UNDP

- ,

o 2003 Royal University of Bhutan

- 11 , 5 800

2. 종교

o :

- ( )

- A.D. 8

- A.D. 13 ,

o ( 25%)

o ․

- ․ .

- ․ ‘ ’

o

3. 화

o ,

TV 1999

o Kuensel( ), Bhutan Times Bhutan Observer

( 2006.4 ) , TV (BBS)

o 1989 ( Gho / Kira)

Dzongkha ( )

4. 책

o ,

o 1 250 ( , , )

(Tariff, 3 )

[ 연 객 수 ]

2006년 2007년 2008년 2009년 2010년

객 수( ) 17,342 21,094 27,636 23,480 27,195

수 ( 만US$) 23.92 29.85 38.83 31.88 35.98

( 처 : 가 계 2011)

5. 군사

o : 6,000 2,000

- ‘ ’ ‘ '(Lungthenphu)

o

- ,

- ,

o

-

- -

VII. 한-부탄 계 개요

IV. 한-부탄 계 개요

1. 한-부탄 계

o 1987.9 ( )

- :

※ 라 시 주 사가 한 겸

o

-

-

.

o ( : )

연 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

수 1,914 3,087 1,821 3,132 4,492 6,476 13,016

수 339 36 0 21 40 13 21

- : ,

- :

-

o

- 1991~2009 , (150 )

290 ( 123 , 4 ( ),

2 )

※ 2006년 KOICA 무상원조가 액․다 가(약 130여개 ) 원 식에 점 력 가

원 식 로 전 무상원조 단

- 2008 KOICA SAARC

12~20 (2011 12 )

※ 2011년 SAARC外 연수 : 다 가 본연수 21 , 콜롬보 플랜 등 공동연수 6

- 2009.5 Ailia 12 1,700

(10 )

(2009.11 )

o

- /

연 2006 2007 2008 2009

아 ( ) 130 325 246 194

아 ( ) 36 37 62 68

-

7 ( )

, 20

(2012.5 ).

2. 명 사 황

.

o : 1986-99

- 1985-86 (ADB)

(5 ) ( ) ,

,

( )

- ,

2005 Jigme Tshultim (

) ‘

(2001 )’

(Thimpu) , 5~10

o ( ) : 2000-

- 1983 Dasho Ugen Dorji(4 )

, 1983 -

2000

.

o Topgyal Dorji Bhutan Ferro Alloys Limited : 1992-

- 1987-92 (Dasho Ugen Dorji)

3. 양국간 주요 안

. UN

o 2013-14

o , ▲

(keen)

, ▲

, ▲

.

o 2010.11

o (2 ) ,

(BBS) ( )

(2011.5 )

4. 양국 민간 력

o - (KBCF : Korea-Bhutan Cooperation Foundation)

- Lhatu Wangchuk ( ) 1999

, 1999.8 -

(KBCF : Korea-Bhutan Cooperation Foundation)

- 2000-08 33 ,

KBCF

, KBCF

o NGO

- 2008.9 MoU

- ODA

(FVRD : Focus Village Rural Development)

Samcholing

※ 2009년 2011년 농 ODA 산 3억 7천만원 원 ( 산 원 종료)

5. 주요인사 교류

.

1991. 7

1991.10

1992. 5

1997. 3 ( )

1998. 6 ( )

1999. 5 ( )

1999.10 ( )

2002. 6 ( )

2003.11 ( )

2004. 7 ( )

2005. 5

2006. 5

2007. 7 ( )

2008.11 ( )

2009.11 ( )

2010. 4 ( 16 SAARC )

2010.11 ( )

2011. 3 (COP18 )

2011. 5 (COP18 )

2011. 10 ( )

.

1985.10 Tshering (IMF )

1986. 9 Tshering ( )

1987. 4 Tshering

1988. 4 Tshering

1990~96 Tshering ( )

1998.10 Thinley (UNDP Regional Millennium )

2002. 5 Lhatu Wangchuk ( )

2002. 9 K. Wangchuk ( )

2004. 3 Nado Rinchhen (UNEP 8

)

2004. 9 Kuenlay Tshering ( 9 )

2004.10 Karma Dorjee ( )

2005.10 Jigme Tshultim ( )

2007. 3 Damcho Dorji

2007. 6 Leki Dorji (ACD )

2010.10 Bob Kesang ( )

2010.10 Jigmy Y. Thinley ( 4 UN

),

주요 인사 약력

Wangchuck 부탄 5대 국왕

o Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck

o 1980. 2. 21

o : 4 Jigme Singye Wangchuck

3 Tshering Yangdon

o Yangchenphu ( )

o Philips Academy, Cushing Academy

Wheaton College

o Oxfort Magdalen College

o 5 ( Druk Gyalpo)

o 2005 4 Jigme Singye Wangchuck 2008

o 4 2006.12.14 5

Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck

o 2008.11.6 Patil

o (2011.10.13), : Jetsun Pema Wangchuck

o 2007.1 -

(1949 ) (

)

o 2007.12 , 2008.3 ( )

o

Thinley 리

o Lyonchen Jigmi Y. Thinley

※ Lyonchen 라는 미 Title

o 1952.9.9

o

o (MPA)

o (2008.4 ~), Druk Phuensum Tshogpa(DPT)

※ DPT : Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party

o 2008.3~ Chairman, Tourism Council of Bhutan

o 2008.5~ Chirman, Gross National Happiness Commission

o 2009.5~ Chairman, Ugyen Wangchuck Institute of Conservation

and Environment

o 2003~07

o 2003~04

o 1998~03

※ 동 간 98~99년간 내각 원 ( 해당) 겸

o 1998~99 ( )

o 1994-98 UN / /EU/

/ / /

o 1993~94

o 1989~90

o 1987~89

o 1986~87

o DPT

o (3)

o 1980.10 UNDP Regional Millenium

o 2010.10 4 UN

o , ,

Tshering 외교장

o Lyonpo Ugyen Tshering

※ Lyonpo는 경

o 1954. 8.8

o U.C.

o (Minister of Foreign Affairs)

o 2008.4 ~

o 2009~07

o 1998~03

o 1989~98 (Permanent Mission of Bhutan)

o 1978~89 ( : Director )

o 2010.4 ~

o 1985-88, 1995-96 1

Dorji 내 화 장

o Lyonpo Munjur Dorji

※ Lyonpo는 경

o 1960.7.15

o (Commerce)

o (PG in Auditing)

o (Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs)

o 2008.4 ~

o 2008.3

o 2006 DPT

o 2003~06 Mongar Dzongda( )

o 1986~99 ( : Auditor General )

o DPT

o

Penjo 외교차