- --

2003

32.988.02 681.324 19

19

/ / . . .: ; : BHV, 2003. 544 : .ISBN 5-94723-658-3 ISBN 966-552-130-6

. , . ; , - -, , ; . , , , . 32.988.02 681.324

, , , . , , , .

ISBN 5-94723-658-3 ISBN 966-552-130-6

. 2003 BHV. , 2003

....................................................................................... 23

I 1. ........................................................ 28 2. ...................................... ....45

II______________________________________ 3. ........................... 72 4. .............................................. :............... ............. 88 5. ....................................................... 116 6. , ......................... 124

III_____________________________________ 7. , ......................................................... 136 8. ........................... 149 9. Usenet ............................................... 169 10. Usenet.............................. 182 11.Internet Relay Chat......................................................... 199 12. .............. 213 13. .................................................................. 226

4

IV____________________________________ __ 14.0 ........................................... 248 15. Internet Explorer.., ........................... 259 16. - Internet Explorer .......................... 270 17. ........................................................................ 278 18. ......................................... 295 19. ....................................... 309

V ________________________________________ - 20. - ............................ 328 21. - .......................................... 345 22. - ........................... 380 23. ............................ 409 24. ......................................... 437 25. - ....................................................................... 455 26. - .................................. 474

VI________________________________________ , 27. .......................................... 494 28. ................................................................. 526 ......................................................................534

................................................................................................ 23 ................................................................... 23 .......................................................................................... 24 ........................................................... 25 ......................................................................................... 26

I 1. .............................................................. 28 .............................................................. 28 ...................................................................... 29 , ..................................................................... 29 IP- ......................................................................... 30 ........................................................... 30 ................................................................. 31 DNS ...................................... 33 ............................................................................... 34 .......................................................................... 34 .................................................................................... 34 ...................................................... 35 ....................................................................... 35 ISDN xDSL ................................................ 35 ................................................ 36 .............................................................. 37 ................................................................................. 37 ......................................................................... 39 ............................................................. 39 ............................................................... 40 .......................................................................... 43 2. ................................................... 45 , Windows XP............. 45 ......................................................... 46 ................................................................... 47 ................................................................................................. 48

6 Windows XP................................................................................48 ......................................................................................48 ..................................................................................................50 ..............................................................52 TCP/IP...............................................54 ............................................................. : ....................................... 56 ............................... 58 ............................................................................................58 Windows 2000/............... 64 ...............................................................................64 .......................................................................65 ............................................66 Windows 2000/...........................67 - .........................................................67 ..........................................................68 Netstat .................................................................................69

II ________________________________________ 3. ............................72 .................................................. 72 ...........................................................72 .........................................................73 .................73 ............................................................74 .........................................75 ............................................................................75 ............................................................... 76 ................................................................77 ........................................................... 77 ......................................78 .............................................80 ......................................81 , ...............................81 ........................................81 ...................................................................................82 .................................................................83

7 , -.................................... 83 .................................................... 85 ................................................ 85 ........................................... 86 ................. 86 4. ...................................................................................... 88 ...................................................................................... 88 ..................................... 89 ..................................... 89 ........................ 90 ....................... 91 ........................... .....92 Outlook Outlook Express.............................................. 94 Outlook.................................................................................. 98 Outlook .................... 98 Outlook ............ 99 Outlook Express

Hotmail................................................................................ 99 Outlook Express

................................................................................................... 99 ................................................ 100 ..... 101 The Bat!......................................................................... 101 The Bat! ............................................. 103 .............................................................................. 105 ........................................................................... 105 .............................................................. 106 ............................................. 106 ........ ,............................................. 106 .................................................................................... 107

............................................................................................... 108

The Bat!.............................................................................. 108 Yahoo Mail..................................................................... 108 Yahoo Mail .....................110 Yahoo Mail ....................................................................................110 Hotmail .......................................................................... 111 Hotmail , ................................................................... 113 Mail.Ru ..........................................................................113

8 5. ......................................................................116 ......................................................................116 ...........................................117 ...............................................117 Outlook Outlook Express ......................................................118 ...............................................118 ......................................................................................118 ................................................119 ......................................................................119 The Bat!.................................................................................................................120 ...............................................121 ................................................121 ......................................................................121 Yahoo Mail ............................................................................................................122 ...............................................122 ................................................122 Hotmail ..................................................................................................................122 ...............................................122 ................................................123 6. , ....................................... 124 ....................................................124 .....................................................................................124 ...............................................125 .....................125 .............................................................................. 126 .......................................126 .......................................................................................127 ...........................................................127 ....................................................................128 ..................................................................................................................128 ................................................................129 Outlook .......................................................................129 .................................................................................129 ..................................130 Outlook Express.................................................................................131 The Bat!..............................................................................................132

9 Hotmail .................................................................................... 133 ....................................................................... 133 .............................. 134 .................................................. 134

7. , ...............................................................136 ................................................ 136 ................................................................................. 137 Usenet....................................................................... 137 Internet Relay Chat................................................................................ 138 , ....................................................................... 138 ICQ....................................................................................................... 138 ............................................................... 138 MUD MOO........................................................................................ 138 ......................................................... 139 ............................................................ 139 , , .......................................... 139 ............................................................... 139 .................................................................... 140 ............................................................................... 140 ...................................................................................... 143 ....................................................................... 143 ................................ 145 ............................................... 147 8. ............. .......... 149 ..................................... 149 ............................................................................ 150 .............................................151 ..............................................................................................151 .............................153 ...............................................154 ..........................................................154 ....................................................................156

10 , .........................156 .........................................................157 .............................................158 .........................................................158 .........................................................................158 .............................................. 159 .....................159 ...........................................................................................160 .....................................................................................160 ...........................................................................................160 ......................160 ..................................................160 ..........................................................161 ...................................................................161 ........................................................................162 ..................................................................162 ...................................................163 .........................................................................................164 ...............................................164 ....................................................164 ........................................................................... 165 .........................................................166 ........................................................................................ 166 ...........................................167 .......................................................................................................167 9. Usenet ................................................................ 169 Usenet.................................................................... 169 .............................................................170 .............................172 .....................................................................173 ................................................................................ .173 .................................................................. 175 .................................................................................175 ...............175 Usenet ............................................................................... 176 ...............................................176

11 .............................................................................................. 177 ..................................................................... 178 .......................................................179 ............................................180 ...........................180 10. Usenet.......................................... 182 , .....................................182 ................., .........................................182 ...................................................................... 183 ..................................................................................183 .....................................................................................183 Google Groups .................................................................... 184 Outlook Express.................................................. .185 .....................................................186 ................................................................ 187 .....................................................................................189 ........................................................................191 .................................................................................191 ..........................................................191 Free Agent...........................................................191 ...........................................192 ..............................................................................193 .....................................................................................195 .........................................................................197 .................................................................................197 .......................................................................197 .................................................................................198 11. Internet Relay Chat.......................................................................... 199 IRC.............................................................................................................199 IRC..........................................................................................................199 IRC...................................................................................................200 ........................................................................................................... 201 ........................................ ........................................... ............202 ....................................................................202 IRC- IRC- ....................................................................202 ............................................................203 .. ............................................................................203 DCC................................................................................................204

12 mIRC............................................................... 204 mIRC..................................................................... 204 IRC......................................................................... 205 ......................................................................................... 205 ............................................................................... 206 ........................................................................................ 207 ................................................................................... 207 ...........................................................................................208 .............................................208 mIRC ........................................................209 ............................................. ......................210 ..................................................................................210 ........................................................210 ...................................................... 211 ...................................................... 211 IRC..........................................................................211 12. ............................ 213 ............................213 ICQ ................................................................................................... 214 ICQ ............................................................................................... 214 ICQ ..................................................................... 216 .................................................................................... 218 Windows Messenger........................................................................ 219 Windows Messenger..................................... 220 Windows Messenger............................................... 222 Yahoo Messenger ............................................................................ 223 Yahoo Messenger.................................................................. 224 .................................................................................... 224 13.

......................................................................... 226 IP- .....................................226 , ......... 227 .....................................227 .............................................................................. 228 ........................................................... 228 .........................229 ICQ..................................... 230 Windows Messenger................................................................. 231

13 Windows Messenger........................................................................... 232 Windows Messenger .................................................232 ..............................................................................233 ..........................................................233 .......................................................................................234 ..........................................................................................234 ....................................................234 ......................................................235 ................. 235 ....................................................................................... 236 NetMeeting ................................................................................237 NetMeeting ...............................................................................237 NetMeeting.....................................................................238 NetMeeting ............................239 ................................................................................ 240 ....................................................................241 ...........................................................................................................243 Yahoo Messenger .....................................................................244 ..............................................................................244 ..................................................................245

IV_______________________________________ 14. ............................................... 248 .............................................................................................248 ......................................................................................248 URL .............................................................248 HTML...............................................................................................................249 Java JavaScript ............................................................................................ 249 VBScript ActiveX.................................................... 250 XML ....................................................... 250 ................................................................................... 250 - ................................................................................... 250 ....................................................................................... 251 ............................................................................................................. 251 Internet Explorer 6............................: ............................................................. 252 NetCaptor 7.2.0 ............................................................................................... 252

14 Netscape Navigator 7.1 ................................................................................... 253 Mozilla1.4.........................................................................................................253 Opera 7.11 .......................................................................................................254 - -...................................................................................255 - - .......................................................255 ..........................................................................................................256 ..........................................................................................256 .............................................................................................................. 257 15. Internet Explorer ................................... 259 Internet Explorer ........................................................................259 ....................................................... 259 .....................................262 ............................................................................................... 263 ...............................................................................................263 .......................................................................................... 263 ..............................................................................................264 ...........................................................................................264 .........................................................................................264 Internet Explorer.................................................................................264 Internet Explorer .............................................................................................264 Internet Explorer ...............................264 ...............................................................265 ......................................................266 - .............................................................266 - .....................................................269 16. - Internet Explorer ................................ 270 -......................................................................................270 - ................................................................ 271 ..................................................................................271 HTML- ........................................................................271 - ....................................................272 - .......................................................................................272 - ............................................................................273 ................................................................................. 274 - ..................................................... 274 .............................................................................275 ....................................................................................... 275 ............................................275

15 ............................................................................. 277 ........................................................................... 277 17. .................................................................................278 ........................................................... 278 cookie ................................................................................................. 278 ................................................................................................. 279 ............................................... 279 ............................................................. 282 .......: ................................................................................................... 283 - : ......................... 283 ......................................................... 284 - - .............. 284 .................................... 285 PICS -................................... 285 SafeSurf RSACi ......................................286 Internet Explorer ............................ 287 ........................................................................................287 ................................................ 290 -.................................................................... 291 ......................... 291 ............................................ 292 ............................................ 294 - ..................................................................................... 294 18. .. .............................................. 295 ........................................................................... 295 .......................................................... 296 .................................................................. 299 .......................................................................... 301 - ...................................................................................... 302 ....................................................................................304 .........................................................................304 Internet Explorer ............................................................ 305 ..............................................................................................307 19. - ............................................ 309 - ......................................309 - ................................................310 -..............................................................................................311

16 .......................... 312 ...................... 313 ........................................ 314 ........................................... 314 peer-to-peer.......................................................................................... 315 .......................................... 319 ........................................................................................ 319 - ......................................................................................... 319 Windows Media......................................... 321 Media Guide................................................. 321 ..................................................... 322 -............................................................. 322 RealOne Player................................................................. 323 RealOne Player ............................................................................. 323 - RealOne ................................................................. 324 ............................................ 324 - .......................................................... 325 Internet Explorer...................................... 325

V________________________________________ - 20. -...................... 328 -.......................................................... 329 - ............................................................ 329 - ....................................................................... 330 ...................................................... 331 - ......................................................... 333 - .................................... 333 -....................................... 334 -.................................................... 334 - ................................................................................... 335 - ............................................................................. 335 ........................................... 338 -............................................................... 340 - ................................................................................ 341 ....................................................... 341 ...................................342

17 - ......................................................... 342 ............ 342 -............................................................................................... 343 21. - ................................................. 345 HTML .......................................................................................................... 345 HTML ...................................................................................................... 345 HTML- ......................................................................... 346 ..................................................................... 346 ............................................................. 347 - ............................................................................. 347 ........................................................................................ 347 .................................................................................... 349 ..................................................................................... 350 .........................................................................350 ..................................................................................351 ...................................................................351 ..............................................352 ................................................................................. 354 ................................................................... 357 ..................................................................................357 .......................................... '....358 ..................................................................................358 .............................................................................................360 .............361 ..................................... 362 - .....................................................362 ....................................................................................... 363 ............................................................... 365 .............................................................................. 365 ............................................................................ 366 ...................................................................................... 366 ...................................................................................... 367 HTML .................... 369 ............................... 369 .......................................................... 370 -.......................... 372 - ........................................ 375 ..................................................................... 376 ........................................................................................... 376

18 ............................................................................376 ......................................................................379 22. - ..................... 380 -...............................................................380 - ................................381 -..........................................................382 - FrontPage ..............382 ...................................................................383 ...........................................................385 .......................................................387 - ...............................................................388 ..............................................388 .......................................................388 ...........................................................389 ....................................................................................390 FrontPage...........................................390 .............................................................392 FrontPage ........................................................393 - Dreamweaver.........................394 ...................................................................394 ....................................................395 ..............................................................................396 ............................396 Dreamweaver.............................396 Dreamweaver.....................397 - ............................................................398 - Adobe GoLive.........................399 ...................................................................399 GoLive..........................................................................401 .....................................................................401 .........................................................403 .......................................................................404 .....................................................405 .................................................................................405 ..............................................................................406 .........................................................................406 ............................................................407 HTML- .............................................408

19 23. ................................. 409 ..................................................................409 GIF.....................................................................................................410 JPEG .................................................................................................410 ...............................................................................411 GIF JPEG .........................................................................412 ........... 412 , .... 412 GIF JPEG ..................................... 414 GIF JPEG............................. 414 ........................................415 ......................................................................................415 ...........................................................................416 ................................................................................................. 416 GIF ............................................. 416 , .................................... 419 ................................................................. 420 .................................................. 421 ........................................................... 422 .................... 424 .................................... 425 .......................................... 425 1 ................................................................ 426 ...................................................... 426 ................................................................ 427 GIF...................................... 428 ...................................... 428 .............................................................. 429 ........................................................ 430 .................................................................. 430 ..................................................................... 431 ...................................................................................................431 GIF ......................................................... 432 JavaScript .......................................................................... 434 ............ 435 ............................................................................................ 436 24. ................................................ 437 .............................................................................. 437 ...................................................... 437 ........................................................................................ 439

20 .......................................................................441 1. .......................................................................................441 2. ............................................................443 3. .........................................................................445 4. - .........................447 - ........................................449 - ........................................................452 - .........................................453 25. - .............................................................................. 455 JavaScript ...................................456 JavaScript...............................................................................................456 VBScript .................................................................................................457 JavaScript .................................................................................457 JavaScript -.................................................458 ..............................................................................459 Java ActiveX ..................459 Java ........................................................................................................460 Java.................................................................................460 Java......................................................................................460 Java...........................................................................461 Microsoft ActiveX ........................................................................ 462 -....................................................462 -, CGI .....................................464 CGI .................................................................................................464 , CGI ...........................................465 - CGI- ......................................466 CGI ..............................................................................466 , CGI ......................467 ...........................467 , -....................................................468 ....................................................................................................... 468 .......................................................................... 468 .................................................................... 469 Server Side Includes -......................................................................................................... 470 Server Side Includes....................................................................470 ...................................470 - FrontPage WebBots ...................................470

21 ASP- ......................................................................................470 ASP- - .........................................................471 , ASP .....................................................471 JSP-.......................................................................................472 ColdFusion CFML ............................................473 26. - ........................................ 474 .............................................................. 474 - .................................................475 FrontPage...............................................................475 Dreamweaver .........................................................477 GoLive ....................................................................479 FTP.........................................................................481 - ..................................................................481 - .........................................482 ...................................................................................... 482 ....................................................484 -....................................................................484 .............................................................................................484 - ...................................485 - .......................................................................................486 - ......................486 - .....................................................................................................487 -............................488 ..................................................488 ...........................................................................................489 , ..........................489 - ...............................................491

VI________________________________________ , 27. ................................................... 494 ......................................................... 494 ...........................................496 FTP-.......................................................... ...............496 ............................................................................................496 ...........................................................................................497

22 Web Folders .................................................................................................................497 FTP..........................................................................498 FTP- ...................................................................................................498 FTP-...................................................................................................499 FTP- ................................................500 FTP- ...............................................502 FTP- .................................................509 WS_FTP...............................................................511 HyperTerminal ..................................................................................514 .......................................................................................515 ..............................516 ...........................................................................................516 .................................................518 HyperTerminal ............................................519 ............................................................................................519 ReGet Deluxe ..................................................................................................520 FlashGet ..........................................................................................................521

Golzilla.............................................................................................

522

.................................................. 523 .......................................... 523 ......................................................................... 524 28. ....... ............................................................... 526 .....................................................................................526 ..................................................528 .......................................................................529 ....................................................................529 ................................................ 530 WinZip....................................................... 531 Windows XP ..................................................................... 532 TAR ................................................. 533 ............................................................................................533 .................................................................................. 534

. , , , . , , World Wide Web ( , ), , cookie-, . , .

, . . , : ? ? cookie-? , ? ? ? ? , . , , Windows 2000/, , , , , , . , Windows, , .

24

, .

I. , , -, . 1 , , , . 2, .

II. . , , . , , 3. , Outlook, Outlook Express The Bat!, Yahoo Mail, Hotmail Mail.Ru 4. 5 , , , . 6 . , , .

III. , . III . 7 , - , , . , -, . 8 , , . Usenet, 9 10. 11, (Intrernet Relay Chat, IRC). , , , 12, - 13.

25

IV. . , , . 14 , 15 Internet Explorer. 16 -, , . 17 , cookie- . 18 , . 19, - .

V. - , , , -. , , . 20 , -. , , -. 21 HTML , -, 22. 23 , -. - , 24. 25 , - . - 26, .

VI. , , - , , , , - . , 27 , FTP (File Transfer Protocol - ), , . 28 .

, , , .

26

, , . , , , . , , . , . , . , Windows, . . . , Windows 2000/XP.

, , comp@piter.com ( , ). ! BHV http://www.piter.com http://www.bhv.kiev.ua.

I----------------------------------------

1. ...........................................28 2. ................................45

1

- , , . , , , . , , . , , Usenet, (chat) FTP-, (, , ) .

, . 1969 . ARPANET, . , , . , , , , . - NSFNET, (National Science Foundation, NFS). 1980 , , . , , . 1989 World Wide Web , . 90- , - . IP (Internet Protocol ), , ( , ), . IP TCP (Transmission Control Protocol - ),

29

. , TCP/IP. , , - , . , .

, , - . ( ) , , . - , - . , .

, -, , , . , , . . , . , , , . , . . : - (Post Office Protocol v. 3 , 3) , SMTP- (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol ) . , , , . -. - , . FTP-. , . , FTP (File Transfer Protocol ), .

30 1.

. , . IRC-. . , IRC-. - . , -, SMTP-, -, FTP . , , ( ). , , , , ( 1.1). 1.1. 21 23 25 80 110 194 ( 6667 ) 532 FTP ( ) Telnet ( ) SMTP ( ) World Wide Web ( ) IRC ( ) Usenet ( )

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, , - . , .

31

(Top-Level Domain, TLD) . , (. 1.2). 1.2. com net org gov mil edu

lbm.com art.net Npr.org sertate.gov army.mil yale.edu

, { ) ,

, , . , ru. , , . - . ( ) , ( ). , , , , , . , , , , . . , Infb.com info.com , . - . (domain hosting), - . , . , -. , .

, . com, edu, net org (Network Solutions InterNIC Registration Services), http://www.internic.net . 1.1.

32 1.

. 1.1. Wois

, ( ), , , . . . ru ( ) - (). 1992 , ( , ). , , (. 1.2). ru - www.nic.ru www.ripn.net www.nic.net.ua. , caravan.ru/domen.html, www.webnames.ru, www.check.ru, www.regtime.net, www.1ru.ru, dubovyk.com.ua/domain.

33

. 1.2. ru

www.iana.org.

DNS (Domain Name System, DNS) IP-, -, , , IP- . , , . , , - Yahoo!, www.yahoo.com, DNS 204.71.200.69, - Yahoo!, IP-. DNS, . IP-, , , IP-. . , 2.2 . 269

34 1.

. , , , . . . . , . Usenet. , , 10 000 . . , . . , . . , , . . , , -.

, , (Internet Service Provider, ISP) , . , , . internet ready computer, , , internet in a box, , - , . , , .

(Point-to-Point Protocol, ) (Serial Line Internet Protocol, SLIP). - , SLIP, ,

35

, , ( ). SLIP (Compressed SLIP, CSLIP), SLIP, . , , Windows XP ( Windows). ( ), , -, . , , . .

, , 56 /. , , .

, , . . . , 1 1,5 /, 24 , 44 /, 672 . , 1 ( , 1). , .

ISDN xDSL , . (Integrated Services Digital Network, ISDN) (Digital Subscriber Line, xDSL).

36 1.

ISDN BRI (Basic Rate Interface - ). ISDN 64 /, -, 16 /, D-. , . -. - 128 /. , (56 /). , - (64 /). , - . ISDN 30 , . ISDN, , . xDSL , , . . , xDSL , . , . xDSL , . xDSL . . ------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------- xDSL wvww.xdsl.ru.

, , . . (Digital Satellite Systems, DSS), , . 24- , ,

37

Windows- . , . , ( ). , , www.sotovik.ru, www.radoicatalog.al.ai www.lucky.net

, , , . , . , . -. - , . TCP/IP, -. TCP/IP, , - , HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol ), -. SMTP POP, , , . , - -, -, , , . - -, . -, , .

, , . , . , . . , . , , .

38 1.

. - , . Windows 2000/XP, . . , , , ( ) . . , . , ISDN xDSL. . , . , . . , . , , , , . , , .

, . , 28,8-56 /. , 56 / . , . . POP. , . , .

39

-. - -, -, . . . (. ), . , , , - -, . - , , , , CGI-, .

. , , : cookie- . , cookie- -, 17.

, . , , . , FTP- . . , . , () . . , . , , , . , Kaspersky-Anti-Virus (www. kaspersky.com) Norton Antivirus (www.symantec.com/product).

40 1.

, . , , . , , - . , (, ) . . . , . , , , , , . , , . . , , , . , . , , . , , Opera, , Internet Explorer FTP-. . . , , , . 6 , .

, , . .

41

, , (. , ), . , , , . (, , ). . Internet Connection Firewall (ICF), Windows ME . , , . -. , , (, ). , ( , ), - , , . , , , . , , , . 1.3.

. 1.3.

42 1.

- , .

, , ZoneAlarm (www.zonelabs.com), McAfee Firewall (www.mcafee-at-home.com) Norton Personal Firewall (www.symantec.com/ product). ZoneAlarm , , , , . Windows XP, , Internet Connection Firewall, -. , .

, , , . . 1. - Gibson Research Corporation grc.com Shields Up. IP Agent ( 16 ), IP- . . 1.4.

. 1.4. IP Agent

2. Test My Shields. - , , . 3. Shields Up LeakTest ( grc.com/lt/leaktest.htm) . 25 , . 4. Test For Leaks. LeakTest - Shields Up ( FTP), . , , : LeakTest , .

43

, , . , , , , , . , , , , , . ? , . , . , (, , ) , - ( EWRPA76tB) . , . Password.txt, . , , , , . - , , , , , , , , , . : - - , , , . , , , . . , , -. - . - . , . -, . , - , , . , , .

44 1.

. , . , . , . . , , ? ? , , , - . , . , -, , , , , , . . , , , . , , . , (), , 3: . . , , , , , . , . , , . , , . - (), . UNIX. . , , - .

2

1 . , . , , . . , . . Windows XP . - , . : ISDN xDSL, . .

, Windows XP , IP-, DNS . , (, ) , , . Windows XP . , , . . , , , . . , . , Windows XP.

46 2.

, . , . , , , . 2.1.

. 2.1.

, Windows XP . Windows. , . , . . , . , ,

, Windows XP 47

. , , , , , , . , (. 2.2).

. 2.2.

, , , - .

, ISDN xDSL. Windows XP ( - Microsoft) , . , Windows XP , - . ,

48 2.

, , .

. : , , Internet Explorer ( Microsoft). , . 15.

Windows XP Windows XP . . , Microsoft , , . , . - , . , , . , , a Windows XP .

, . - . , (-), , , , . , Windows XP , , , , . , , .

49

Windows XP . . , , . , (. 2.3).

. 2.3.

, , ( ), . , , . ( .) , . , . , : .

50 2.

, . , , . , , . , . Windows XP , ( , ). , . , , + . . , . , . , . . , , .---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- , , .

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51

. 2.4. ,

, , , . ( IP-, DNS , SMPT ) . . : ; ; , ; ; , , ; Microsoft Outlook Express ( , , , , POP- SMTP- , , , );

52 2.

Usenet Outlook Express ( , NNTP- , ); LDAP (Lightweight Directory Assistance Protocol ) ( LDAP-, ). , Outlook Express. , . , , .---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Windows XP , , . -, . , , , Windows.

, , , . , . - , , . , , . 2.1. 2.1. Windows XP

, . , , . , ( ). . ,

53

, , , , Windows , , ( , ) , Windows , . , . , Windows , . , Windows (, ) .25, .121, . ( ) , (, -).

, , . .

Windows

.25

() Windows ( , )

, , : > , ( )

54 2. 2.1 {) ()

, (Extensible Authentication Protocol ) , , , , . , , ( SUP). , : LCP, ; , ; , . TCP/IP QoS Packet Scheduler , Internet Connection Firewall.

, , . , - .

TCP/IP, TCP/IP. , TCP/IP, , (. 2.5), . . 2.2. , . IP- . , IP- (

55

IP- DNS 1). IP- . IP-, . , -, : (TCP/IP) IP- .

. 2.5. : (TCP/IP) 2.2. TCP/IP IP- , IP-

IP- , IP IP- DNS- DNS- IP- DNS- (, ) , IP DNS

56 2. 2.2 () DNS- DNS- IP- DNS- IP- DNS- , , DNS- IP- WINS- {Windows Internet Naming System Windows Microsoft) . IP- , , NetBIOS TCP/IP , DHCP IP- ( ) IP-

WINS-

NetBIOS

IP-

DNS- (DNS- 1). , DNS- . IP- DNS-, : (TCP/IP). DNS- IP- DNS- DNS-. (, ) WINS-, . , WINS- . WINS- ( ), , .

, . : , ,

57

, : . : , , . , , , , . ( , .) : , . . 2.6 : , Internet Explorer ( 15).

. 2.6. :

: , . Microsoft, , .

58 2.

. : . , . , , ( , ). , -, , . , . 1. , , . , , . , . 2. , , . Windows XP , C:\Windows\System32\ras\switch.inf. 3. , . 4. , , . -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- , . , .

,

59

ISDN, xDSL . , .

, , : ?. ISDN xDSL , . ISDN xDSL . ( ) . , xDSL, 1,544 /, 3 . , ISDN xDSL, , ISDN- xDSL-. . , . , , , . , ISDN, xDSL , . . , , , -. .

ISDN ISDN . , , . . , ISDN. - () . , . .

60 2.

. ISDN . . , . , , . (). ISDN. (Service Profile Identifiers, SPID). SPID , ISDN. SPID, -. , , . , - (925)555-3434 SPID 92555534340101. , ISDN, SPID. -. , 64 56 /. , , . Windows , . - 28,8 / 56 / ISDN, . , () () SPID. - Multilink , , . -, 64 /, , . -, . . ISDN. , ISDN. - ( ) , , TCP/IP. , IP-, , , . 1.

61

ISDN , , . , , , .

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62 2.

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