السلامة المهنية

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121 אא אא אא

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9 Jאאאא

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121 אא אא אא

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1 J אא2א JאאאאאאK

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אאא،אאKא،אאא،אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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1 J،אאאאאאKאאKא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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8K א א10אאא:

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9K אאאאא ؟

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121 אא אא אא

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J J J J J J J

2Kאאאא


J J J J J J J

121 אא אא אא

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3K5א


J J J J J J J

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J J J J J J J

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J J J J J J J J

121 אא אא אא

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6K אאאאאא

3 J5א،אאאאאאא15

J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J

J J J J J J J J

7K15אא


J J J J J J J

121 אא אא אא

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J J J J J J J

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121 אא אא אא

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6E אאאאא אאאא.

121 אא אא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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1.9 אא:

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121 אא אא אא

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3K אאאWאאאK

4K אאאK

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6K WאאאW،אאא…K

7K K

121 אא אא אא

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8K אאאאFאEWאאא،א،אאאאאאK

9K WאאK

10K JWאאK

11K WאאK

12K WאאאאאאK

13K אWאK

14K WאאK

15K אאW،אאאאא،א،אאאאK

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J– – אKEאא

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121 אא אא אא

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2E אאאא.

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אאF (Saline K

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3E - א–א–א–אאא Jאא אא

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121 אא אא אא

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אאא: אאאאאאא – א J

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5E א אאאאאאא،אא

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אא.

7E אאא،אא א.

121 אא אא אא

- 34 -

1K ؟אא

2K אאא؟א 3K ؟ 4K ؟ 5K אא؟

6K אאא ؟א 7K ؟א 8K אא؟

אאאאאא

אאאא

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א

2

121 אא אא אאא

- 35 -

אאWאאא

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אאאW

8K אאאK

9K אאא

10K אאאאאאאאK

11K אאאאK

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אאW

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- 36 -

אא אאא

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FREKאאאאאאאK


- 37 -

אאWאאאא

FEאאW אאא،אאא

אFאEאF JEKאאאאW 1 JאאאאאאK 2 JאאFEאFEאאFPolarityKE

FEאאW

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אאאאFFrequenciesEFHzE،60אאFVEאF60Eאא

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אאאאאאאא،אאאאאאא

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אאW 1 Jאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאK


- 38 -

2 JאאאאאאאאאאK

אאEאFאאאאאאאאאאאKא

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אאא،

אאKא

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אאאאK

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Kאאא

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K

4E אאK

2.3אאאW


- 39 -

1 Jאא

FEאאאאאW J

EאאאK EאK EאאאK

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EאאאK EאאK EאאK EאאK

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אF1E

אאא 200א، 15א،

8 5

1.6אא1


- 40 -

אF2EאאאאK

6500FE

4500FE

4000FE

א 3000FE

אא 1800FE

אF2E

2 JאאאאW אאאאאא

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2.4אא אאאW

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אאאאאאאאא

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- 41 -

1 J אאאאאKאאא

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אאאא،K 2 Jא

אאאאK

3 J אא

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K

אFEarthingE אאFאE

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אאאאאאאאK

אאאא،אאאאאאK

א


- 42 -

אאאאW J 1 JאאK 2 Jאאאאאא

אK 3 Jאא

אאאאK אW

1 J אאK

2 J K

3 J אאאאאK

אF2EאאאאK

אF3WEאFאEF50E

אא א

A1 –60אK

A260–6 אK

B16 J15 KאאאאK

B2

15–25 אKאאא

אK

B325–50

אKאאאא

KאאKאאK


- 43 -

C1

50–80

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FאKEאא

אKאKאאKא

אK

C280–120

אאF

אKEאC1

D

120 J800

אאאאא

KאאC1-C2Kאאא

K

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2000

א

F10EKאאאא

אF10EאK

2000

EאאKאא

אאאאאF5EאK F

5000אKKK

2.5אאאWElectroshock & Electrocution

Wא؟


- 44 -

א–א–אאK

אאאאK

אאאאאK

אאאא

אאאאאאאא

K

אאא،א

אאאא،

אאאKא؟،אאאאK

אא

F،،Eאא

אאאאK

אאאFאF5EEאאאK

אאאאאKאא

אאאאאאFאEאK


- 45 -

אF5E

אאאאWMacro- & Micro-shock

אאאאא

אאאKאא???א??א?

אאאאKאF

אאאEאא

אאKאאאאאmacro-

shockאKFא6אE

אאאFאאאE

אאאאאאאאFאא

אKEאאאאאא

،אאאאא

אאאאK


- 46 -

Wא؟אאאאאW

אpace makerK،،א

אאאFא7אKEאא

F100EF50Eאא

FאאאאF25EKEאאא

אאmicro-shockאאK

אF6E


- 47 -

אF7E

2.6WאאW

אאאאאאK

אאאאK

WאאאאW

אאאאאאKא

אא(short circuit current)אאאKא

אאאאא

אFאאאאE

אאאKאאאאא

אאאKאא

FfuseEא(circuit breaker)אאא

אאאאאאאאK


- 48 -

אאאאאאאאא

אKאאא

אאאKא

א

אאאאאKא

אאאFאאאEK

אא

אאK

WאW

אF8E


- 49 -

אאFאEא

אאFאEאאFאא

אKEאאאא

אFאאKEאאאאא

אאאא

אאאא،אאאK

אF8Eאאאאא

אא،אאאF

אEא،

FKEאאאאFאxeאE

אאא

אאK

אאאא

אאאאאK

אאאא

Kאא(class I)אאאאא

אאאKאF9EאאK


- 50 -

אF9E

Wאא

אאאאא

אאאFאאF10EEא

אאאאאאא(class II)Kאא

אא،אאK

אF10E


- 51 -

אWא

אאאF50E

אKאאא(class III)K

אאאאא

אאאאאאא

KאאאאאF50EK

אF25EאאF12EאאK

אאאאא

אאאF110L220Eאא

אאאFא

אKE

WאאאאW

אאאאא??אאא

אאאאא(IPS: Isolated Power

System)Kא??אאאF

אאאאEK?א?א

אאKאא


- 52 -

אא אאFא

אאKE

אאאאאא

FאEאא(Isolation Transformer) Fא

אF11KEאאאאFאא

אEאKאא

K

אF11E

אאאא

FאאKEאאא

FEאאאא

אאאKאא


- 53 -

אאאאFאKEא

אאאאא

??אKאאאF

אEאאאאאK

אא

אא،א

אאאFאאF12EE

FאאאאאאאאE

אאאK

אF12E


- 54 -

6WאאאW

אאאאאאאFאE

W

1E אאאאK

2E אאK

3E K

4E אK

2.7אאא ELECTRICAL SAFETY OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

אאאאאאא א

אאאKאאאIEC(International Electrotechnical Committee)אאאא

אאאKאאאא،אFTC 62 E

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאFא

אאאאEאאKא?א?אאאאאאאאK

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאK

אאאW


- 55 -

Jא1 (Class I)WאאאאK Jא 2 (Class II)Wאאאאא

אאא،FאאאEאK

Jא(Class III)Wאאאאא،אK

אF13WE FKE

אF13E

אאא1،אאאאאאא

אא،אאא،אאאאKאאאאאא

אאאאאאא،אאא،א،

Kא،אאאאא

א،אאאאK


- 56 -

אאFאאEאאאאאאאא،אאא

אאאאאאK

2.7.1WאאאאאW אאאא אאF

אאEאאא،אאKאW

אאאאFEאאאאFא

14KEאאאאאL10Lאאאאאאאא

אאKאא،א?א?K


- 57 -

אF14WE >

אאאאF1E

אF2KE אא

FEא،אאאאאא،אא

K


- 58 -

אאאאISOLATAION

TRANSFORMER F11אEאא،אאאKאאאאK

אאא،אאאאאאא،אאאאא،

אאאאאאFאאאKEאאאאא

אאאאאאKאKאאאאFא

EאאאאKאאאאאאFאאE،

א(Line Isolation Monitor) LIMאאאאFאאEאאK

אF15WEא


- 59 -

אאא(floating)אאא،אא

אאאאאKאא،אאאאא

אFEאאאאא،אאאאFאאE

אF16אKE אאאאאF13אE،

אאאאאאFאאאFAMEאאאKEאאאא

אאFE،אFEאאאאאאFDEMODULATION KEאא

FEאאאL50LL60LKאאאK

אא،אאאאאאK

אאאאאאאL1LאאK


- 60 -

F12WE אאאאFE


- 61 -

אF17WEא

FLOATING MEASUREMENT،אאאאאאא،K

אא،אאאאK

אF18WEאאאFאE


- 62 -

אאFEאאאK

אאאאF،،KKKEאאFאEאK

אאאאאאאאאF19E

אF19Eאאאא אא


- 63 -

2.7.2אאW אאאאאאא

אאאאW א א אF E א? ?

אאK

אאאאאK

אאאאK

אאאאאאK

אאאK

אאאאאFאEאאK

אאאK

א אא א Kאא Fא E א

אאK

،،א א א א א K א א א

אאK

אאאאK

2.7.3אאאא

אאאאאאאאW J

1 JאאאK 2 JאאאאאאK


- 64 -

3 JאאאאאאאK

4 JאאאאאאאאאK

5 JאאאאאאאאFfuseEאאK

6 JאאאK 7 Jאאאאאאאא

K 8 JאאאK 9 JאאאאאK

10 JאאאאאK


- 65 -

א

אאאW

F1EאאW FEאאK FEאK FEאאW،אא،אאאאאא FEK

F2EאאW FEאאאאK FEאאK FEאאK FEK

F3EאאW FEאאK FEאאאK FEאאאK FEK

F4EאW FEאK FE،א،אאאK FEאאאK FEK


- 66 -

F5EאאאW

FEK FEK FEK FEK

F6EאאאW FEאאK FEאאK FEאK FEK

F7EאאאאW FEאאK FEאאK FEאK FEFEFEK

אאאא

אאאא

א

א

3

121 אא אא אא

- 67 -

אאWאא

אאWאאא

אאW

אאאW

12K א

13K אא

14K אא

15K א

16K אא

אאW4

אאW

אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 68 -

الوحدة الثالثة السالمة من مخاطر الحريق

אא،אאאאאאאאאאא،אאא،

אאאאאא،אאאא،אאאאא،

אאאאאאאK

3.1א

אאאאאאאא

אא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

א،אאאאאאאאאKאאאא

א،אאאא،אאאא

W J

1K אאFאאEW

אאאאא אאK

121 אא אא אא

- 69 -

2K אאW

אאאאאאאאאא،

א،אאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאKאאא

אאאאאאK

3K אW

،אאאאאאאאאאאאKאא

אאאאאאאאאאKאאא

אאאאאאא

Kא

אא

אאאאאאאW

1 JאאאאK 2 J אאאאאאK 3 JאאאאאאK 4 JאאאאאאאK 5 Jאאאא

אאK 6 JאאאאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 70 -

7 JאאאאאאאאK 8 JאאאאאK

3.3 אאFאE אאאאאאאא

אאאאאא،אא

אאאאאF20EW

1. אWFאKאKאEאאא

FאאאאאEאאFאאאE.

2. אאWאא،אאא،א،א،אאא… K אאאא

אא،אאאאא

3. אW אאאאאF19 J21KE٪

F20E

121 אא אא אא

- 71 -

אאא

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאW

1. 1אW


אאאאK

2. אאW

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאK

Wא .3

אאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאKאאאא

אאאKאאאאא

3.5 אאFאE אאאאאא

،אאאאאW J

121 אא אא אא

- 72 -

Wא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאא،אא،אא

אאאאK

Wא

אאאאW

1. אאאאאאאאאK

2. אאאK

3. אאאאאאאKK

Wא אאאאאW

1. אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא،אאאא

،אאאאאאאאאאK

2. אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאK

3. אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 73 -

4. Jאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אK

3.6אאCLASSIFICATION OF FIRE אאאאאאאאאW J 1 JאאאCLASS (A) FIRES אאאאאאFאE

אאאאא،אאא

אאאאאאאאK

2 JאאאWCLASS (B) FIRES אאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאK

3 JאאאCLASS(C)FIRES אאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאK

4 JאאאאCLASS (D) FIRES אאא،אאא

א،אאאאאאאאאאאK

אאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 74 -

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאKאאאאאאW JאאאאK JאאאאאאאאK Jאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאK

3.7אא

3.7.1אאאא

אאאא?אא?אאאאא،אאאאאא

אאאא،אאאאאאאאאאאא،

אאאW J

1E אאFAE

אאא،אאאאאKKאKKאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאKאאאאאK

2E אFBCE

121 אא אא אא

- 75 -

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK

אאא،א،אאאאK

3E אFBE אאאאFfoumEאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאKאאאא

אK

4E אאאFDE אאאאאאאא

אאאאF––E،אאK

5E אFאאאE אאאאאא

אאKאאאאאKאאאK

6E א אFאEאאאא

אאK

אאאFאE

אאאאאאאאאFאCO2אEאא،

אאאאאאאKאאאאאאאאאאא،אא

אאאאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 76 -

א،א،אא،אאאאאאאK

3.83.9אא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאK F1Eאאאא

אאאאאאאאאא

אאאW J Jאאאאאאאאאאא

אK JאאאאK JאאאK JאאאאאK F2Eאאאאאאא

JאאאאאK JFאEאאאא

אאאאK JאאאאאK JאאאFאא

אאאאאאKE Jאאאאא

אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 77 -

JאאאאאK Jאאאאאא

5KאK

3.9.1אא

אW J

1KאWאאאאאK 2KאWאאאאאאKF

אאאאEK 3KאWאאא،אאאאא

אאאאאK 4KאWאאאאאK 5KאאWא،אאאאאא

אK

5K אWאאאFאאאאאאא

אEK אW

1 Jאאאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 78 -

K 2 Jאאא–אאK 3 JאאאאK 4 Jא6אאאאK 5 Jאאאאאאא

K 6 JאאK

3.11אאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאא

אא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אא،אאKאאאאאא

אאאW J

אאא 1 JאאאאאאאK 2 Jאאאאאאאא

אאאאW J JאאK Jאאאאא JאאK JאאK 3 JאאאאK 4 JאאאאאאאFאא

121 אא אא אא

- 79 -

אE 5 Jאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אFאאא–אאאאא–אאא–אאאKE

6 JאאאאK

אאאאW אאאאאא،אא


אאאאW J 1 Jאאא

אאאאאאאFאאאאאE 2 JאאאאאK 3 JאאאאאK 4 JאאאאאK 5 JאאאאאFאא

אאאאאאKE

6 JאK

אאאאא 1 JאאאאאK 2 JאאאK 3 JאאאK 4 Jאאאאאא

אאאאאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 80 -

5 JאאאאאאאK 6 JאאאאFאE 7 JאאאאאK 8 JאאאאאאאK 9 Jאאאא

3.12א א

אאא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

،אאאאאאאאאא،אא

אאא،אאאאאא،א

אאאאאאאאאאאאאKאאאא

א،אא،אאאא،אאאאאאאא

אאאאK אאאאאאאW

WאאאאK WאאאאK

Wאאא

،אאאאאאאאאאאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 81 -

אאKאאאאאאאאאאK


אאאאאKאאאאFאאא–אא–אאאKE

WאאאFאE אאאאאאאאאא

،אאאאאKאאאאא

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאKאF17E

אאא

121 אא אא אא

- 82 -

אF21E

אאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 83 -

אאאאאאW 1 JאDetectorsW

JאאאHeat Detectors،

،אאאאאאאאאאא

אאFalse Alarams،،אאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאK

אאW J 1 JאאאאK 2 JאאאאK 3 JאאK 4 JאאאאK 5 JאF ThermocoupleE،אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 84 -

JאאאHeat Detectors JאאאSmoke Detectors

1 JאאאאאאאאאאK

2 JאאאאאאאאאK

،אאאאאא

א،אאאאאאאאאKאF22E

Optical detector

אF22E

121 אא אא אא

- 85 -

optical chamber 1 Jאאא

cover 2 Jא

case moulding 3 Jא

photodiode (detector) 4 JFE

infra-red LED 5 Jא

2 JVisual Indicating Panels

אאא،אא،אא

אK،אאאאאאאאאK

3 JאAudible Warning Devices

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 86 -

אאאאאאא،אKאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא،אאא،אאאא


4 Jאא

אאאאאאאאאאא،

אאאאאאאאאאK 5 Jאאאא

אאאאאאא،אאאא

אאאאFEאאאאאאK

אאא G،אאאאאאא


Gא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאא

،אאK GאאW JאאאאK Jאאאא

121 אא אא אא

- 87 -

אאאK אאאאW

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא،א

א،W 1 Jאאא( Automatic Fire Alarm Systems ) W

א،אאאאא

אאאאא،אאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאK 2 Jאא( Automatic Fire Fighting )W

א،אאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאK

K

121 אא אא אא

- 88 -

אאאאאW 1 JאאאאאK 2 Jאאאאאאא

אאK 3 Jאאאאאאאא

אאאא،אK 4 Jא،אאK 5 Jאאאאאאאאא

אK 6 Jאאאאאאאאא

Kאאא 7 JאאאאK 8 JאאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 89 -

א

1 JאאאK

2 J؟אאא

3 JאW J

Jא Jא

4 Jאאא؟אאאא

5 J؟אאא

6 J؟אאאאא

אאאא

אאאא

א

א

4

121 אאא אא אא

- 90 -

אאאWאא

אאW،אא،אאK

אאW

אאאW

17K אאK

18K אא

אאW

אאW

אאאK


- 91 -

אאא אא

W

אאאאא

אאאK א،אאאאא

אאאאK אאאאאאK

אאאK

4.1א

אאאאאאאאאאאא

،אאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאKאאאאאא

אאא14אאאאK

אאאאKאאאKאאאא

אאא


- 92 -

אאאאאאא14אאאאK

4.1.1אא

אאאא،?NucleusK? אatomsK אאא

moleculesאאאאא H2Oא،

א92אאאKאאאF92E

אאKאאאאאאאK

4.1.2אisotopes

א100אאאאאKאאאאא

אאא63א65אאא70٪אאא30٪،אאאא

isotopesK אאא29א63346536K

אאאאאאאK אאא،

אאאאאאK

אאRadioactive Decay אאא،

אאאW


- 93 -

1K א 2K א 3K אא

אאאאW 1K 2K 3K 4K אא

אFא J3EאantineutrinoK אאאאK אאאא

אאאא،K אא J3 J3אאF23EK

אF23E

J3 J3


- 94 -

אאאאK א J256?fermium-256?א

א J140?xenon-140?אא J112?palladium-112?אK אא

אאK

אF24Eאא אא

אאאאאאאK،אאאאאאא

אK

4.1.3אא؟ אאא

אאFאאEאאFאאEאאאאאאאאא

אאאFאאEK אא،א

K אא?cosmicrays?אאא

אאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאFאE


- 95 -

אאאאK

אאא ،אאאא

אאאאאאאאא،KאאאW J

1K אאא

אאאאאאא،אW

،אאאאאאאWאאאאא

KF25E

אF25E

2K אאא

א،אאאאאאאא،אאאאא

1אאאאא، 2אאאאאא 3אאאאא،


- 96 -

4אאאK 5אאאאאאא،

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאK אאאאאאאאא

،אאאאאאאאא،אא

،אאאאאאאאאאKאאא،א

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אא אאאאאK 3K אאאאאאא

،אאאאאאאאאא،

אKאאא،אאאא،א

אאאאאאא،אאא

אאאאKאאאאאאאאK


- 97 -

4.3אאאאא

אאאאאאאW 1K א

אאאאאאאאא



2K אאאא


אאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאK

אאאאאאא،אא

אאאאאאאK


- 98 -

4.4אאאא

Wאא א،אאאK

אאאאאאKאאאאאאאאא،אאאא

אא،אאאאK אאאאאKKK

אאאאאK

אאאאא 1 JאFRoentgenE

אאאאאאאאK

2 JאאFRadE אאאאאאאא

אאאK אאאאא

אאK אאאאאאאא

אKאאאאאאאK

אW J

JאאאK JאK JאאאK


- 99 -

W אאאFאאEא

אאא،K אאא92،146

אאא90،144אאF2E،F2EKאא

W אא

K אWאK

א?אאK

אW FאאEא،אאאאאאאK


אKאאאאאFאאאאאEאאא

אFאאאEא،אאאאאאאKאF22E


- 100 -

F26E

4.5א

אאאאK אאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאK

אאאW J 1 JאאאK 2 JאאK

Wאאאא W J

JאאK JאאאאK

אאאאW


- 101 -

1 Jא אא200אאאא

אאK א200 J1000אאאא

אא،א1000אאאאאK 2 Jא

אא200אאאW J JאאאK JאאאאK JאאאKleukemia

JאאאאK אאאאאא

אW J JאאK JאאK JאאאאאאאאK JאK JאK JאאאאאאK Jאאאאאאאאאא



- 102 -

Wאאאא א،אאK


אאאאאאאאאאאFאאKE

אאאאאא،אאא

אאאאאאאK


- 103 -

4.6אא

אאאאאאאאאאאאW

אא JK

א JאאK

אFאאKE

אאK

אאאאFא،אאאאאאא

אEאKאאאאאאאKאא

W،אא،אא،אאאאאאאא

אK

אאאאאאאcentrosomesאאאאא

אאKאאאאאאאאאאאאא

א

אאאאאW J

1 JאאאאאK


- 104 -

2 Jאאאאאא،אאאאאא،אאא

אאאאK 3 Jאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאK

4 JאאאאאאאאאאאאK

5 JאאאאK

6 JאאאאאאאK

7 JאאאK


אאאאK


- 105 -

א

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאK

אאאאאאאאאא،אאאאא،אאאא

אאאאאאאאKאאא

אאאאאאאאK


- 106 -

1 JאאאW J

FEאאאאאK FEאאK FEאאאK FEK FEK 2 JאאאאאאW J

FEאFKEאK FEאFKEK FE،،K 3 JאאאW J

FEאFKEאK FEאFKEאK FEאK 4 JאאאאאW J

FEאאאאK FEאאאאK FEאאאK FEK FE،K 5 JאאאאW J

FEFKEK FEאאFKEK FEאK

אאאאאא

אאאא

א

א

א

5


- 106 -

אאWאאא

אאWאאאא.

אאW

אאאW

19K אאאK

20K אאאאK 21K אאK

אאW

אאW

אאאK


- 107 -

אא

אאא

W אאאאא

אאFאEאאאאאאאK

אאאאאא”אא”Kאא

אאא،אאאאאK

5.1אאאאW

אאאאאאאאא،אאאאאאאאאאK

אאW J F5.2EאW J

،אאK אאאW J

1 JאאK 2 JאאאאK

א،אאא אK


- 108 -

אאאאאאא،אא

א،”א”K אאאW J

1 JאאאFPRESSURIZED CYLINDERE אאאאW J

FEאא JAF828KE FEאא JHF23127KE 2 JF CONTAINERSE

אאאאאK אאאKאא

אאאאאאאאK ”א”אאאF27EK

אF27Eאא


- 109 -

אאאאאא:

- א אאאא.

- אא.

- אאאא .

- אאאאא، אאא.

5.2.1אאאא:

אאא – א – אא J

אאאאא Jאאא ،אאאאא

F21٪אא אא

א אEאאא.

5.2.1אאא:

- אאאאא א.

- אאא.

* אאא:

- אא.

- .

J


- 110 -

אאא:

1K א 2000אL.

2K אאא،א.

3K אאאא א.

4K . 5K אאא אא.

6K אא.

7K FEאK 8K אאאאא.

9K אאא.

F5.3EאאאאW J אאאאFCARBON DIOXIDEEא،

FNITROUS OXIDEEאא،K אאאאאאאאאאא

אאאK


- 111 -

אאאW J 1 JאW

אאאאאF28EKאא

FO2EאFN2OEאFAIRE

F28E


- 112 -

2 JאאW אא

אאאW،אא،א،אאאK אאK

אא

אאאWאאאאאאאאF29EKאאא

אאF30KEאאKאאאאאאK

אF29E


- 113 -

אF30E

5.3אא

אאאW

1Kאאאא1002,500psiKאאאאא،אאאאK

אאאאK

2Kאאאא،אאאאKאאאאאKאא

אאKאאאאאאאאאK

אאאW

אאאאאאאאאאאאא،אא

אאאאאאאאK

אאאאאא،אאאFאEאא

אK


- 114 -

אאאK אאאאאא

אא،אאאאאא،אאאאאאאK

אאאאאאאאK

אאאאאK

אאאK אאאאW J

1 Jאא،אאא 2 Jאאאאאאא

אאאאK אאאאK


- 115 -

א 1 J؟אא 2 Jאא،

א؟ 3 JאW J

FEא Jאא JאK FEא Jאא JאK FEא Jא JאK FEא Jאא JאK 4 Jאאא؟אא

אאאאאאאא

אאאא

אא

א

א

6

121 אא אا אאאא

- 116 -

אאWאאאא

אאWאאאאאK

אאW

אאאW

22K אאאK

23K אאאK

24K אאאאאאאK


אאW

אאW

אאאK


- 117 -

אא אאאא

W

אאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאKאאאאאאאK


אאאאאאK

6.1אאאW

אאאאאאW J JאאאאK JאאאאK JאאאאאK JאאאאK

JאאאאW

،אאאאאאא،אאא

אאKאאnitric,


- 118 -

sulfuricacidsE،אאאאאK

אאאאW J

1K אאאאאK 2K אאאאאאאאK 3K אאK 4K אאאK

אאאאאאW J

1K אאאאאאאK 2K אאאאאאK 3K אא،אאא

FEאK JאאאאW

אאאאאאא،אאאF15

EאאK אאאא

א،אאאאאK


- 119 -

JאאאאאW

אאאאKאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאK

אאאאא

אאKאאאאK

אאW J אא Jאאאאאאא

W J Barium chlorate - Calcium nitrate - Silver nitrate - Sodium nitrate

- .- Zinc peroxidSodium chlorate

אא JאאאאאW J Hydrogen peroxide-Calcium hypochloride - Nitric acid - Potassium

permanganate אא JאאW J

Hudrogen peroxide - Calcium hypochlorite - Perchloric acid solutions אאא JאאאאאW J

Ammonium perchlorate - Guanidine nitrate - Potassium superoxide אאW J

1 JאאאאK 2 JאאK 3 JאאאאK


- 120 -

،אאאאאאאאאאאאאאW J

1 JאאK 2 JאאאK 3 JאאאאאK

JאאאאW J

אאאאאאאאאאאKאאאאאא

אאF3EאאאW J

א אאא Acetic acidChromatic acid - Nitric acid - Ethylene - Glycol-

Perchloric acid - Peroxides - Permangnate AcetoneConcentrated sulfric - Nitric acids AcetyleneCopper - Halogens - Silver -Mercury Chromic acidAcetic acid - Naphthalene - Camphor - Alcohol - Glycine

– Turpentine MercuryAcetylene - Fulminic acid – Ammonia Oxalic acidSilver acid- Mercury Sulfuric acidChlorates - Perchlorates - Permanganates IodineAcetylene - Ammonium

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאKאאא37אK


- 121 -

אאאאאF4EאאאאאK

א אFEאאאFEAcetic acid4،39 529 Acetone J20 538 Benzene J7،16 562 Ethyl ether8،12 423 Toluene4،4 260 Lubricating oil

150W230 260 J370

Formalin50 430

אאאאאאאאאאW J

1 JאאאאK 2 JאאK 3 JאאאאאאK 4 JאאאK

אאאאאW J

1 JאאאK 2 JאK 3 JאאאאK


- 122 -

6.2אאאאK


W Jאאאא

1K א،אאאאאאאא،אאאK

2K א،אאאאאK

3K אאאאאאK

4K אאאK

W JאאאW

1K אאאאאK

2K אאאאFאאEאאאאאאאאK

3K אאאאא،אאK

W JאאאW 1K אאאאאאא،

אאאFKאאאאא،אאEK

2K אאאא،אאK

3K אאאאאK



- 123 -

5K אאאאאאK

6K אאאאאK


4Kאאא

אאאKאאאאאאK

אאאאW

1K ،אאאK

2K ،אאאK

3K אא

4K א

5K א،אאאK

6K אאK

7K אא،אאאאאאK

אאאאאאאאאK

6.3אאאאאאאW

1K אאאאK

2K אאאאאK

3K אאא،אאK

4K אאאאאאאK

5K אאאאKאאאאאאאK


- 124 -

1 J؟אאאאאא 2 Jאאאאאאאא؟ 3 J؟אאאא 4 JאאאאאאאאאK 5 JאאאאK 6 J؟אאאאאא 7 Jאאאאאאא؟ 8 Jאאא؟א

אאאא

אאאא

א

א

7

121 אא אא אא

- 125 -

אאWאא

אאWאאאK

אאW

אאאW

26K אאK

27K אK

28K אאאאK

29K אאK

אאW

אאW

אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 126 -

אא

אא

W אאאאאא،א

אאאאאאאאKאאא

אאKאאאאאאא،אאאאאאאא

Kא،אאאאאאאאאאאאא

א،אאאאאאאאאא،אא

K

7.1אאאW אאאאא

אאאאא א

אא אאK

1 JאW

אאא،א،FFאKEE

121 אא אא אא

- 127 -

אאאK

2 JאאFאWE א،אאאאא

אKאאא،אא،א،אא

אאK 3 JאאW

אאאאאאאK

אאאאאאאא،אאאא


אאאK

7.2אאאאW J

אאאאא،א،א،א،אאFאEאK

1 JאW

،א،אאאא،אא،אאאאKאאאאאא

אאא،אאא

121 אא אא אא

- 128 -

אאKאאאאאאאאאKאאאאאא

אאK 2 JאW

אאאאאאKאאאאאא،אא

،אאא،אאאאK 3 JאW

אW J א–אא–אא–אאK

،אאK

،אאאKאאאאאא Jאאא

אאאאאאK אאאאאאK

אאאאאא،אאאKאאאK

אאאאK،אאאאאאאאK

אא،אאאאא،אאK


121 אא אא אא

- 129 -

4 JאFאWE

،א،אא،אא،אאאKאאאKאא

אאאאאא،אאK،אא،אאא

אאאאאאאאKאאא،א،אאא،אא

אאאאא،K

7.3אאאאW J

אאאאאא،אאאאא،،אאאאאאא

אאאאאK 1 JאאW

אאאאאאא א،אאאK


א،אאאאאאא

אאאאא،א،אאאא?אKאא

אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 130 -

2 JאאאW אאאאאאאאK

אאאאאאאאאK

3 JאW

אאאאKאא

K

אאאאאאאK 4 JאW

אאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאK

אאאאאאW

אאאאאאאאאאא،

אאאK ،אאאאאאK

אאאאאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאאKא

،אא،אא،א،אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 131 -

אאאאאאאאאאאאא،אאK

אאאאאאאא

אאKאאאK אאאאאא

Kאאאאאאאאאא،אאאאאאא

אאאאאK אאאאאאאאK

Kאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK


אK

אאאאW 1 JאאFאWE

אאא،אאאאאKאאאאא

אאKאאאאאKאF31E

121 אא אא אא

- 132 -

אF31E 2 JאאW

אKאאאאאK

אאא0.3 J0.4Lאאאאא،אא

אא11אאאF32E

אF32E

121 אא אא אא

- 133 -

אאאא35 J90אאKאF33E

אF33E

אאאאאא

אאאאאא،אאאאאאK


3 JW אאאאאאאא

אא،אא،אאאאKאF34E

F34E

121 אא אא אא

- 134 -

7.4אW

אאאאאKאאא


אW

W J

1 JאאאW

אאאאא،א،אאא،אאK

אאאאאאאאאאאאאW J

1208אK 160אK 180K

אאאאאאW J FEאאאאW

121 אא אא אא

- 135 -

אF35E

אא،אאאאאאאאאאאאאא،אאא

אאאאאא،אאאאאאKאאאא

אK FEאאאW


אF36E

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 136 -

2 JאאW

אאאא،אאאאאאאאKאאאא

א122אא1520،אאKאאאא

(Autoclave ) אאאאאאאאאK

אW J FEאאאFאאאWE

אאאאאאאאאK

אF37E

121 אא אא אא

- 137 -

FEאאאאאW ،אאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאאא،K

אF38EK

3 JאאFאWE


אאאאאאא10א J20٪،אא

88 J90٪אאK אאאא

60°CאאאKא30°C60°Cא30٪a200mg /l800mg /l3

אKא،א،אא،אKא،אאKא

121 אא אא אא

- 138 -

אאKאאא50٪אאאאאאאאא disposable medical devices K

אF39E

אF39E

אאאW J

FEאאא3060K FEאא،אאא

K FE،אאאאאאאא

אאאK FEאא40٪60K٪

אאאאא

K

121 אא אא אא

- 139 -

4 JאאFBleachE

אאKאאאא،،אאאא5.25٪hypochloriteKאא

א،K،א1L10אא،1؛L5א

אKאאאאאאKאא،אאאא20אK

אאאאא،אאאאאאKא،אא stainless steel א

אK 5 JאאאאW

אאאKאא

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאKאאאאאאאאאK

6 JאRadiation Sterilization

אאאאK،אאאאאאKאא

אאאאK אאאאאאאאK

אאFאאEאאKאאאאאאאאאא

K

121 אא אא אא

- 140 -

א

،אאא،א

א،KאאW J א–אא–אK

אאאאאאW J

1 JאK 2 JאאK 3 JאאאK 4 JאאאאK

אא،אאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאK אא،אאאאא

אאא،אאK אאאאאאאא

אאאKאK א،אאאאאאא

אK אאאאאא

אאאK

121 אא אא אא

- 141 -

1KאאאW 1 JאאW J

FEאאאאאאאK FEאאאאאאאK FEאאאאאאאK FEאאK

2 JאאאW J

FEאאאאאK FEאאאאאK FEאאאאאK FEאאK

3 JאW J

FEאאאאאאאK FEאאאאאאאK FEאאאאאאK FEFE،FEK

2Kאאאאא 3Kאאא

אאאאאא

אאאא

אא

א

8

121 אא

אא אאא

- 144 -

אאWאאא

אאWאאאאאאאK

אאW

אאאW

30K אאאK

31K אאאאK 32K אאאK

33K אאאאK

אאW

אאW

אאאK

121 אא

אא אאא

- 145 -

אא אאא

אאאאאאאKאאאאאאא

KאאאאאאאאאKאאאא

אאאאאאאKאאאאא

אאאK

8.1אא

אאאאאאאאאאאא،

אאאא،אאאאאאK

אאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאW

א

אאאאא،אאאאאאא

121 אא

אא אאא

- 146 -

אאאאאאא،אא،אאאאאK

אא،אאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאאאKאאאאאאאאאאא

אאאאאאK אאאאאאאאאK

אאא

אאאא؛אאאאאא

אKאאאא،אאא

אאW 1E אאאK 2E א א א א א

אאאK 3E אאאK 4E אאאK 5E אאאK

א

אאאאאא50٪אW J

121 אא

אא אאא

- 147 -

1EאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאאK

2EאאאK 3EאאאאK

אאאאאK

א

،אאאאאאאאאא

אאK אאאא

אאא،אאאאאW J

1EאאאאK 2EאאאאK

אאא

אאאFאאEFVacuumKE

אאאFאEאאאאא

אאאאאאאאK

אאאאאK

121 אא

אא אאא

- 148 -

אא

אאאאאאאאW 1E אאK 2E אאK

3E אאK אאאאאW J

1E K 2E אאאK 3E אאאK 4E אK



אאאא،אאאאK

אא אאאאאא

אאW 1E אאאK 2E אאאאK 3E אא،אאאאאאK

121 אא

אא אאא

- 149 -

8.2אאא

אאאאאאאאאאאא،א

א،אאאא،אאאאאא

אאאאאאאK

8.2.1אא אאאאאאא


אאאאאאאאאK

8.2.2אאא

אאאאאאאW 1K אא


2K אאא

אאאאW

J אאאא אאאאאK

J אאאאK J אאאK

121 אא

אא אאא

- 150 -

3K אא

4K אאאאW

J אK J אK J אאאאK

5K א

אאאאאאאאאFאE،אאאא


6K אאאא

אאאאאאאKאאאW

J אאאK J אאאאאאאK J אאאאאאK J אK

8.3אאאW אאאאאאא

אKאאאא،אאאK

121 אא

אא אאא

- 151 -

8.4אאאW אאאאאאאאאאK 8.4.1א:

א אאא:

1E א א

2E אאא אא

3E א

4E אא

5E א אאאאא

6E

7E אא

8E אא

א אאאאא

אאאאא אאאא .

8.4.2א(Radiology room design ):

x א אאאאא אF

אאאEKא אאאאאאא א

אאאא אאאאא אאא

א אאאK

121 אא

אא אאא

- 152 -

אאא

F1EאW J EאאאאK EאאאK EאאK FEEFEK

F2Eאא50W٪ J Eאא50K٪ Eאא50K٪ Eאאאאאא אא

אK FEEFEK

F3EאאW J EK EK EK EK

F4EאאאW J EאאאK

EאאK EאאאK EאK

F5EאאW J EKEEK

EאK

121

אא אא

אאW J

1. Infection Control In Long - Term Carefacilities , Philip W. Smith , M

. D . 2. Principes And Methods Of Sterilization In Health Sciences John J .

Perkins Control In The Hospital , American Hospital Association Infection.

3. Handbook OF Hospital Softy , Pan . I . E . Stanley 4. ANESTHESIA DELIVERY APPARATUS ; RONALD S .

NEWBOWER 5. . VENTILATORS AND RESPIRATORY THERAPY EQUIPMENT ,

WARREN D . SMITH 6. Introduction to biomedical equipment technology; Joseph J. Carr, John

M. Brown . 8 J،אאאK،KאאK 9Zאאאא–אא1415אא، JK

121

אא א

א

א א

אא 1

1.1אא 2

1.2אא 8

1.3א 11

1.4א

1.4.3א

12 13

1.5א 15 1.6אא 15

1.7א 16

1.8אא א 16

1.9אא 24

1.10א 26

אאא 30

1.1א 31

2.2אא 32

2.3אאא 35

2.4אא 36

121

אא א

2.5אאא 37

2.6אא 43

2.7אאא

2.7.1Wאאאאא 49 51

2.7.2אא 55

2.7.3אאאא 56

אא 59

3.1א 60 3.2אא 61

3.3 אאFאE 61

3.4אאא 62 3.5 אאFאE 63

3.6אא 64

3.7אאאאא 65

3.8אא 65

3.9אא 68

3.10אא 70

3.11אאאאאאאא

70

3.12א א 72

אא 80

121

אא א

4.1אא 82 4.2אא 85 4.3אאאאא 86

4.4אאאא 87

4.5א 90 4.6אא

91

אאא 95

5.1אאאא 96

5.2א 96

5.3אאאא 99

אאאא 105

6.1אאא 106

6.2אאאא 110

6.3אאאאאאא 111

אא 113

7.1אאא 114

7.2אאאא 115

7.3אאאא 116

7.4א 120

121

אא א

אאא 128

אא 129

אאא 132

8.3אאא 133

אאא 133

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