THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR: AN APPLIED STUDY ON THE CITY OF JEDDAH

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(( ABSTRACTTHE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR: AN APPLIED STUDY ON THE CITY OF JEDDAH We are living in an age of burst of information and an immense technological revolution in all aspects of life. This advancement in technology has allowed people to communicate across the oceans, financial transactions to take place at an international level, and companies from all over the world to operate across the continents. As a result, a set of international and cultural values has emerged, particularly at the higher education level, playing an important role in the changing globalization process. The private sector in Saudi Arabia is presently offering great support to invest in all developing fields, particularly education. Saudi authorities have encouraged the use of the Internet at the individual, commercial and governmental level, focusing on its educational role in the development of a society based on Islamic values and beliefs. They have also encouraged the integration of technology in the Saudi educational system in order to prepare the kingdom for a new educational system based on electronic and distance education.

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Traditional educational institutions in the country are facing several problems, particularly graduating students who lack skills and abilities related to information technology. Communicating with universities which value the importance of the Internet and providing electronic and distance education technology will enable the student to overcome many obstacles, particularly time and travel. In addition, it will enable the universities to reach new and varied categories of students who were previously unable to have the opportunity to reach their curriculums. This major step will provide education to all students, regardless of their geographic location. This research aims at identifying the role of information technology in developing higher education in the private and public sector. It focuses on studying and analyzing information technology related to distance education such as the Internet, electronic mail services, video Conferencing, and many others. Furthermore, this research discusses the factors, which prevent faculty members from using information technology and help them overcome the obstacles in order to reach fruitful outcomes in the new distance educational system in both public and private universities. In order to reach this goal, a field study has been conducted on King Abdul-Aziz University as an educational institution in the public sector, and other private colleges in Jeddah. A questionnaire has been distributed in the university and colleges for the purpose of this research. Among the 400 copies distributed, 243 were valid for analysis, a percentage of 60,75%. The researcher test these questionnaires using a number of descriptive statistical methods: repetition, average, One Way ANOVA test and Chi Square Goodness Of Fit test. These methods were used to analyze any statistical differences that might occur between the sample answers and the research hypotheses. The researcher reached the following outcomes: For faculty members, the most important element of information technology is the Internet, followed by the electronic mail service. This clearly shows the importance of these elements in education. Statistical differences exist between the use of information technology in public and private educational institutions on one hand and the support of the administration for the use of information technology on the other hand. There are no statistical differences between the use of information technology in public and private educational institutions and the awareness of the faculty members and its importance in education. There are no statistical differences between the use of information technology in distance education and the availability of necessary technical training offered for faculty members in both sectors of higher education. There are statistical differences between the use of information technology, particularly in distance education, in both sectors of higher educational institutions and the cost of its infrastructure and its material design. There are no statistical differences between the adaptation of information technology in the distance educational system and the availability of experts in information technology in both sectors of higher education. There are no statistical differences between the use of information technology in higher education and gender. There are statistical differences between the use of information technology in higher education and age. There are statistical differences between the use of information technology in higher education and academic achievement.

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There are no statistical differences between the private and public sector in the use of information technology. This study will be accompanied by a series of recommendations, which will actively contribute to the development of the field of education and will help in achieving its goals.

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