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Ihr individueller Schüco Katalog Sehr geehrte Kundin, sehr geehrter Kunde, wir freuen uns, Ihnen heute Ihren individuellen Katalog mit Stand überreichen zu dürfen. Dieser Katalog beinhaltet folgende Kompendien: 03.2011 Die Preise entnehmen Sie bitte der aktuellen Gesamtpreisliste oder erfragen diese bei Ihrem zuständigen Außendienst-Mitarbeiter. Wir danken Ihnen für Ihr Vertrauen in unser Unternehmen sowie in unsere Produkte und freuen uns auf eine erfolgreiche Zusammenarbeit. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Ihre Schüco International KG / / / / / /

строительные конструкции

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Page 1: строительные конструкции

Ihr individueller Schüco Katalog

Sehr geehrte Kundin, sehr geehrter Kunde,

wir freuen uns, Ihnen heute Ihren individuellen Katalog mit Stand überreichen zu dürfen.

Dieser Katalog beinhaltet folgende Kompendien:

03.2011

Die Preise entnehmen Sie bitte der aktuellen Gesamtpreisliste oder erfragen diese beiIhrem zuständigen Außendienst-Mitarbeiter.

Wir danken Ihnen für Ihr Vertrauen in unser Unternehmen sowie in unsere Produkteund freuen uns auf eine erfolgreiche Zusammenarbeit.

Mit freundlichen GrüßenIhre Schüco International KG

/ / / / / /

Page 2: строительные конструкции

Информация для архитекторовСтроительные конструкции – строительная физикаBuilding construction – Building physicsТехнические сведенияTechnical information

Page 3: строительные конструкции

|2 Schüco ÔþŠš×Ž˛Þ¦š

Page 4: строительные конструкции

| 3SchücoÔþŠš×Ž˛Þ¦š

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|4 Schüco ‡ŁšŠšÞ¦š

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‡ ²š₣šÞ¦š −þ¹ÝšŠÞ¦¼ Ýš²−ךŠİČŁÝČšýŞš 𠞊˛Þ¦Čý²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č −þ¹²þČÞÞþ ×þ¹Ý¦K˲ð −ײŁ¦ÝþI ÞþŁŞš ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čð˛¹˛Ý¦¹ş þ½þ×ýÝšÞ¦ČI ð˛₣š¹²Ł˛I½³Þð¾¦þÞ˛ÝşÞþ¹²¦I ł¦ˇðþ¹²¦I¹þˇÝćŠšÞ¦šČ¹×þðþŁIý¦Þ¦ý¦ž˛¾¦¦ צ¹ðþŁ ¦ ײ¹¼þŠþŁK

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Page 10: строительные конструкции

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|14 Schüco Ô²šðÝþ

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Page 16: строительные конструкции

| 15SchücoÔ²šðÝþ

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Page 17: строительные конструкции

|16 Schüco Ô²šðÝþ

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Page 18: строительные конструкции

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| 17SchücoÔ²˛²¦ð˛

Page 19: строительные конструкции

|18 Schüco Ô²˛²¦ð˛

Page 20: строительные конструкции

| 19SchücoÔ²˛²¦ð˛

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Page 21: строительные конструкции

|20 Schüco Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ײžýš×þŁ

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Page 22: строительные конструкции

| 21SchücoÏ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ײžýš×þŁ

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¹þþ²ŁK ³ð˛ž˛ÞÞŞý Ł ײžŠšÝšSKP ¦ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾˛¼ OÀQ qo sK ‡Ć²þý ¹Ý³₣˛š ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş ð³Š˛×ÞŞý Þ˛ł×³žð˛ýŠþ¹²˛²þ₣Þ˛K

2.) ײ¹₣š² −þ ³−×þğK ýš²þŠ¦ðš¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ ײžŠšÝ³ SKQ ¦ÌצÝþŽšÞ¦ć ?`? qo s

3.) Ò¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş 𠳊˛×ÞŞýÞ˛ł×³žð˛ý −þŠ²Łš×ŽŠ˛š²¹ČĆð¹−š×¦ýšÞ²˛ÝşÞŞý ýš²þŠþý¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ ײžŠšÝ³ SKO qo sKÌצ −þŠ²Łš×ŽŠšÞ¦¦³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦ 𠳊˛×ÞŞýÞ˛ł×³žð˛ý Ł ¼þŠš ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦ÐEŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦šý ³Š˛×ÞþÐÞ˛ł×³žð¦ ý˛Č²Þ¦ð˛ Ł ¹þþ²ŁK ¹afk bk NOSMM ENVVSÀNOFFI ð˛ð−ײŁ¦ÝþI ¦¹−À¹Č ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦I˛Þ˛Ýþł¦₣ÞŞš þצł¦Þ˛ÝşÞŞýK

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| 25SchücoϹ²šðÝšÞ¦Č ¹ ž˛ğ¦²þÐ þ² ŁŞ−˛ŠšÞ¦Č

‡þžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦Č

‡š²š× EïFI łþצžþÞ²˛ÝşÞ˛ČÞ˛ł×³žð˛ EÜFI ¦ ²K−K Ł¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ ŠšÐ¹²Ł³ćğ¦ý¦¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞŞý¦ Þþ×ý˛ý¦K Ìצ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦¦ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þŁ¹ÝšŠ³š² ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛²ş ײžÞ¦¾³Š˛ŁÝšÞ¦Č EÇFI ŁþžÞ¦ð˛ćğ³ć −þŠŁÝ¦ČÞ¦šý ˛²ýþ¹½š×ÞþłþŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦Č ¦ Þ˛¼þŠČğšłþ¹Č ŁÞ³²×¦¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ ł˛ž˛KÔþ₣š²˛Þ¦Č ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞ¼ ¹Ý³₣˛šŁÞ˛ł×³žð¦ï H ÜLOX Ü H ïLOX Ü H ÇX ï H LJךýšÞÞŞš Þ˛ł×³žð¦I þˇ³¹ÝKŠŁ¦ŽšÞ¦šý Ý抚Ð

Κ¹³ğ˛Č ¹−þ¹þˇÞþ¹²ş −צŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦¦ ¹²˛²¦₣š¹ð¦¼Þ˛ł×³žþðÔ²˛²¦₣K ײ¹₣š² Šþ−K Þ˛−×ČŽšÞ¦Č−צ ¦žł¦ˇš ŠÝČ ¹²šðݲ ¹þłÝ˛¹ÞþÒš¼Þ¦₣š¹ð¦ý −ײŁ¦Ý˛ý ¦Ý¦¹š×²¦½¦ð˛²˛ýK Ïł×˛Þ¦₣šÞ¦šŠš½þ×ý˛¾¦Ð þˇš¹−š₣¦Ł˛š²−צłþŠÞþ¹²ş ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð ð¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦ćK Ì×þł¦ˇ ¹²šðݲ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞŞýÞþ×ý˛ýK ‚ÝČ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Čð˛²šłþצ¦ ?_? ¹−ÝþĞÞþšþł×˛ŽŠšÞ¦š ŠþÝŽÞþ −š×šŠ˛Ł˛²şÞ˛ł×³žð¦ −צ ŁŞ−˛ŠšÞ¦¦ ˇÝþð˛K

Κ¹³ğ˛Č ¹−þ¹þˇÞþ¹²ş −צŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦¦ ³Š˛×ÞŞ¼ Þ˛ł×³žþðʹ−޲˛Þ¦ČÍ˛Č²Þ¦ðþŁþš ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦š ýČłð¦ý³Š˛×ÞŞý ²šÝþý EÞ˛ ý˛Č²Þ¦ðŁš¹þý RM ðł Þ˛ŠšŁ˛ć²¹Č O Ğ¦ÞŞIŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦š QIM ˇ˛×F ¹þłÝ˛¹ÞþÞþ×ýš afk bk NOSMM

‡Ş¹þ²˛ −˛ŠšÞ¦Č ³Š˛×Þþłþ²šÝ˛Wð˛²šłþ×¦Č ^ VMM ýýð˛²šłþ×¦Č _ TMM ýýð˛²šłþ×¦Č ` QRM ýý

˲²šłþ×¦Č ÔD ʹðÝć₣¦²šÝşÞþ ž˛−þÝÞČćğšš

þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šI Þš ¹Ý³Ž¦² ŠÝČ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ Ł×šýK łþצžþÞ²˛ÝşÞKÞ˛ł×³žþð À ŠÝČ Ć²þłþ ¦ýšš²¹ČÞšž˛Ł¦¹¦ý˛Č ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ČK‡ −ײŁ¦Ý˛¼ qo s ² ðŽšŁŁþŠČ²¹Č Šþ−K ð˛²šłþצ¦W

D `NW ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦š þł×˛ŽŠÀČ ÞšýšÞšš ₣šý ¹ ŠŁ³¼ −×þ²¦Łþ−K¹²þ×þÞ ¦ýšš² ݦޚÐÞþš ¦Ý¦²þ₣š₣Þþš ðך−ÝšÞ¦šK

D `OW Łš×²¦ð˛ÝşÞþš þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦š−þŠ −þ−š×š₣ÞŞý צłšÝšýI³¹²K Þ˛ ŁŞ¹þ²š þł×˛ŽŠšÞ¦ČIþ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šI ݦޚÐÞþž˛ðך−ÝšÞÞþš Þš ýšÞšš ₣šý ¹ŠŁ³¼ −×þ²¦Łþ−þÝþŽÞ޼ ¹²þ×þÞ

D `PW þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦š ð˛²šłþצ¦^I −š×šŠ ðþ²þתý ¦ýšš²¹Č−š×šÞþ¹Čğšš Þ˛ł×³žð³þł×˛ŽŠšÞ¦š −ךŠ³¹ýþ²×šÞÞþй²×þ¦²šÝşÞŞý¦ Þþ×ý˛ý¦ŁŞ¹þ²ŞK

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Ìצýš× ð˛²šłþ×¦Č `O Ìצýš× ð˛²šłþ×¦Č `P

‡¦Š ¹ˇþð³

NF Ô²þ×þÞ˛ −צÝþŽšÞ¦Č ¹¦ÝŞOF š×ð˛ÝşÞþš ¹²šðÝþI ݦ²þš ¹²šðÝþ

E˛×ý¦×þŁ˛ÞÞþšI ³žþ×₣˛²þš ¹²šðÝþFIž˛ð˛ÝšÞÞþš ¹²šðÝþI ²×¦−Ýšð¹IýÞþłþ¹ÝþÐÞþš ¹²šðÝþI −þݳž˛ð˛ÝšÞÞþš ¦ˇþ×þ¹¦Ý¦ð˛²Þþš ¹²šðÝþ E−צ Þ˛Ý¦₣¦¦þˇğšłþ ײž×šĞšÞ¦Č þ׳˛ÞþŁ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞþłþ ðþÞ²×þÝČ Þ˛ ¦¹−K ŠÝČݦޚÐÞþ ž˛ðך−ÝK þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č ?qois?FPF Ô½š×Ş −צýšÞšÞ¦ČI Ł ðþ²þת¼²š¼Þ¦₣š¹ð¦š ¦Ý¦ Þþ×ý˛²¦ŁÞŞš−þÝþŽšÞ¦Č ²×šˇ³ć² ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦Čž˛ð˛ÝšÞÞþłþ ¹²šðݲI −×þĞšŠĞšłþ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Č Þ˛ ¹−þÞ²˛ÞÞþš ײž×³ĞšÞ¦šEÜÉ~í ëç~â íÉëíFI ž˛ð˛ÝšÞÞþš ¹²šðÝþ e¦¹−þÝşž³š²¹Č Ł ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹×šš¹²×þý ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞ޼ Þþ×ý ^I ₣˛¹²ş NK

QF ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ײžÞþ²þÝğ¦ÞÞþ¹²¦ ŠÝČ²×¦−Ýšð¹˛ ¹þ¹²˛ŁÝČš² NIRI Þ˛−צýš×I²þÝğ¦Þ˛ ݦ¹²˛ ²×¦−Ýšð¹˛ spd OMýþŽš² ˇŞ²ş ײŁÞ˛ NO ýý ¦ U ýýK

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Ô²šðÝþ ŠÝČ ˇšžþ−˛¹Þþłþ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦ČE−ײŁ¦Ý˛ qo sI ךŠ˛ð¾¦ČW ČÞŁ˛×ş OMMP łKF

ŁÞ³²×K ¹²þ×þÞ˛NF

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`NI `OݦޚÐÞK ðך−ÝK−þ −š×¦ýš²×³

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ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW qo s OMMP

Page 27: строительные конструкции

|26 Schüco Ϲ²šðÝšÞ¦Č ¹ ž˛ğ¦²þÐ þ² ŁŞ−˛ŠšÞ¦Č

˲²Kˆ¦×¦Þ˛I

ýýÒ¦−ȦޚÐÞþšðך−ÝšÞ¦š

‡Ş¹þ²˛EýýF Բ׳ð²³×˛ ¹²šðݲ EýýF

x¦žÞ³²×¦ Þ˛×³Ž³zý¦ÞK ý˛ð¹

Ký¦ÞK ý˛ð¹

K^ ÍÞþłþÀ

ð˛ýš×ÞK¹²šðÝþÀ−˛ðš²

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RMM NPMM NMMM OMMM U bpd L pwo L Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd

NMMM OMMM RMM NPMM U bpd L pwo L Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd

VMM OMMM NMMM ONMM U bpd L pwo L R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

NMMM ONMM VMM OMMM U bpd L pwo L R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

NNMM NRMM ONMM ORMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd L pwo L U bpd

ONMM ORMM NNMM NRMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd L pwo L U bpd

VMM ORMM NMMM QMMM U bpd L pwo L S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

NMMM QMMM VMM ORMM U bpd L pwo L S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

PMM RMM NMMM QMMM Q bpd L pwo L Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd

PMM NPMM NMMM QMMM Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd L pwo L Q bpd

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RMM NOMM NMMM OMMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

RMM OMMM NMMM NOMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

RMM NRMM NMMM ORMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

RMM ORMM NMMM NRMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

NOMM ONMM NMMM PMMM NM pmd L MITS ms_ L NM pmd

NMMM PMMM NOMM ONMM NM pmd L MITS ms_ L NM pmd

PMM RMM RMM PMMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

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RMM NPMM RMM NMMM Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd L pwo L S bpd¹ ŠŁ³¼ ¹²KIŁš×¼ÞšÐLÞ¦ŽÞšÐ

NMMM ÝćˇK RMM NMMM S bpd L pwo L R pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

−þ −š×¦ýK RMM OMMM RMM NMMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

NMMM ÝćˇK RMM UMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

UMM ÝćˇK RMM NMMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

¹ ŠŁ³¼¹²þ×þÞIŁš×¼ÞšÐ LÞ¦ŽÞšÐ UMM ÝćˇK RMM NMMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

¹ ŠŁ³¼¹²þ×þÞIŁš×¼ÞšÐ LÞ¦ŽÞšÐ

RMM UMM NMMM NNMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

RMM NMMM UMM NNMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

RMM NMMM UMM NNMM S pmd L MITS ms_ L S pmd

`P ÍÞþłþðK¹²šðÝþ−K

−þ−š×¦ýš²×³

RMM NRMM NMMM PMMM S bpd L pwo L Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd

RMM NPMM NMMM PMMM Q pmd L MITS ms_ L Q pmd L pwo L NO bpd

−×þ¹²þÐ −þ −š×¦ýK RMM NRMM NMMM PMMM R pmd L MITS ms_ L R pmd

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW qo s OMMP

ÏˇČž˛²šÝşÞŞš ¼˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

Ϲ²šðÝšÞ¦šI ³Š˛×Þ˛Č −×þ₣Þþ¹²ş ðþ²þ×þłþ −þŠ²Łš×ŽŠšÞ˛ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Čý¦

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| 27SchücoϹ²šðÝšÞ¦Č ¹ ž˛ğ¦²þÐ þ² ŁŞ−˛ŠšÞ¦Č

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š −þ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾˛ýÞ˛−×ČŽšÞ¦ÐÏ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ŁšÝ¦₣¦ÞŞý˛ð¹¦ý˛ÝşÞþłþ Þ˛−×ČŽšÞ¦Č −צ¦žł¦ˇš Þ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾ŞKÔþłÝ˛¹Þþ −צÝþŽšÞ¦ć ?`? ðqo s Þš Šþ−³¹ð˛š²¹Č−ךŠŁŞĞšÞ¦š −ךŠšÝşÞ޼žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Ð Þ˛−×ČŽšÞ¦ČW ŠÝČžš×ð˛ÝşÞþłþ ¹²šðݲ EUM ÎLýýOFX−þݳž˛ð˛ÝšÞÞþłþ ENOM ÎLýýOFXž˛ð˛ÝšÞÞþłþ ENTM ÎLýýOFKÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ý˛ð¹¦ý˛ÝşÞ޼ŁþžýþŽÞ޼ Þ˛−×ČŽšÞ¦Ð ŠÝČ¹²šðþÝ ×˛žÝ¦₣ÞŞ¼ ײžýš×þŁ ¦²þÝğ¦ÞŞ −ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝšÞŞ Ł²˛ˇÝ¦¾˛¼ −צÝþŽšÞ¦Č ` ð qo sK

ÔÝšŠ³š² ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛²ş ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čð ݦޚÐÞþ ž˛ðך−ÝČšýþý³þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦ćI −ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝšÞÞŞš Ł×˛žŠšÝš SKQK qo s

Ϲ²šðÝšÞ¦šI −×þĞšŠĞšš¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Č Þ˛ ³Š˛×Þ³ć−×þ₣Þþ¹²şÔÝšŠ³š² ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛²ş ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čð ¹²šðÝČÞÞŞý ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦Čýþł×˛ŽŠšÞ¦Ð ¹ ²þ₣š₣ÞŞýðך−ÝšÞ¦šý ¦ þ²Łš×¹²¦Čý¦ð˛²šłþצ¦ `N qo sK

G ךݚŁ˛Þ²Þþš ײ¹¹²þČÞ¦š ýšŽŠ³ Šš×Ž˛²šÝČý¦

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RMM NSMM ≥ TM ≥ ENM bpd L NIRO ms_ L NM bpdF

RMM NSMM ≥ TM ≥ ENM qsd L NIRO ms_ L NM qsdF

Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ ݦ¹²þŁ ²×¦−Ýšð¹˛ ŠÝČ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č ð˛²šłþצ¦ _

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RMM OMMM ≥ ENM qsd L NIRO ms_ L NM qsdF

VMM

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Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦Č þł×˛ŽŠšÞ¦Č ¦ž ²×¦−Ýšð¹˛I ²þ₣š₣Þþš ðך−ÝšÞ¦šI þ²Łš×¹²¦Č

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW qo s OMMP

Page 29: строительные конструкции

Ô²×þ¦²šÝşÞ˛Č ½¦ž¦ð˛

ÙšÝş ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞþÐ ½¦ž¦ð¦ --−þ¦¹ð ¹−þ¹þˇþŁ ý¦Þ¦ý¦ž˛¾¦¦×¦¹ðþŁI ˛ ²˛ðŽš ŁþžýþŽÞþ¹²šÐþ¾šÞð¦ ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞ¼ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦K‚˛Ýšš Ł Þ˛ĞšÐ ˇ×þĞćך−ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝšÞ þˇžþ× ýÞþŽš¹²Ł˛Þþ×ý˛²¦ŁÞ޼ Šþð³ýšÞ²þŁ ¦ýš²þŠþŁ ײ¹₣š²þŁK ‡¹š ˇþÝşĞššžÞ˛₣šÞ¦š −צŠ˛š²¹Č Þ˛Ý¦₣¦ć¹š×²¦½¦ð˛²˛ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦ČIŠ˛ćğšłþ −ײŁþ Þ˛ ý˛×ð¦×þŁð³?`b?K

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Ó˛¹−þ×ČŽšÞ¦š þˇĆÞš×łþ¹ˇš×šŽšÞ¦¦ EbåbsFþˇİšŠ¦Þ¦Ýþ Ł ¹šˇš þ¹ÞþŁÞŞš²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č 𠲚−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ ¦Š˛Ýþ þ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦Č þ¹ÞþŁÞŞý−˛×˛ýš²×˛ý þ¾šÞð¦K

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|34 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

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| 35SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

Ïˇžþ× ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Ð ð ך¹²˛Ł×¦×³šýŞý žŠ˛Þ¦Čý

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Ó˛¹₣š² ^LsÉ ¦ ^k

‚fi

Þš²

ÊžýšÞšÞ¦Č ?Ó˛¹−þ×ČŽšÞ¦Č þˇĆÞš×łþ¹ˇš×šŽšÞ¦¦? EbåbsF Ł OMMS łK

‡ ײýð˛¼ ×š˛Ý¦ž˛¾¦¦ Š¦×šð²¦ŁŞ„Ł×þðþý¦¹¹¦¦ OMMOLVNLbd þ² NSŠšð˛ˇ×Č OMMO łK ?Ïˇğ˛ČĆ½½šð²¦ŁÞþ¹²ş ĆÞš×łþž˛²×˛² ŁžŠ˛Þ¦Č¼? Ł ²šð¹² ˛ð²³˛ÝşÞþÐךŠ˛ð¾¦¦ båbs ŁŁþŠČ²¹Č¦žýšÞšÞ¦ČK Ìš×š×˛ˇþ²˛ÞÞ˛ČךŠ˛ð¾¦Č ŠþÝŽÞ˛ Ł¹²³−¦²ş ŁŠšÐ¹²Ł¦š Ł Þ˛₣˛Ýš OMMT łK ‡ˇ³Š³ğšý båbs ˇ³Šš²−ךŠ³¹ý˛²×¦Ł˛²ş ˇþÝšš ¹²×þłþš×˛žÝ¦₣¦š ýšŽŠ³ Ž¦ÝŞý¦ ¦ÞšŽ¦ÝŞý¦ žŠ˛Þ¦Čý¦KÊžýšÞšÞ¦ČI ð˛¹˛ćğ¦š¹ČŽ¦Ý޼ žŠ˛Þ¦ÐWD Òšð¹² båbs Ł žÞ˛₣¦²šÝşÞþÐ

¹²š−šÞ¦ þ¹²˛š²¹Č ˇšž¦žýšÞšÞ¦ÐK Κ −ךŠ−þݲł˛š²¹ČžÞ˛₣¦²šÝşÞ޼ ¦žýšÞšÞ¦Ð Łýš²þŠ˛¼ ײ¹₣š²˛ ¦ ³×þŁÞš−ךŠİČŁÝČšý޼ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦ÐK

D ÊžýšÞČš²¹Č ½þ×ý˛¹−ײŁð¦ þ ¹³ýý˛×Þþý ײ¹¼þŠšĆÞš×ł¦¦ EŁ ˇ³Š³ğšý À --ĆÞš×łK−˛¹−þײFK Ë×þýš Š˛ÞÞŞ¼ þˇĆÞš×łþ−þ²×šˇÝšÞ¦¦ I ŁŠþð³ýšÞ² ŁÞþ¹¦²¹Č ðþŠðݲ¹¹˛ ĆÞš×łþ−þ²×šˇÝšÞ¦ČIðþ²þ×ŞÐ ¹šÐ₣˛¹ ŁðÝć₣˛š²¹Č Ł²š¼Þ¦₣š¹ð¦š −˛¹−þײ˛ĆÝšð²×þ−צˇþ×þŁI Þ˛−×KI¹²¦×˛ÝşÞ޼ ý˛Ğ¦Þ ¦¼þÝþŠ¦ÝşÞ¦ðþŁK˚Þš×łš²¦₣š¹ð¦š −˛¹−þײ˛ Þ˛¹³ğš¹²Ł³ć𦚠žŠ˛Þ¦Č ˇ³Š³²²˛ðŽš ¹þŠš×Ž˛²ş Š˛ÞÞŞš þ−×þŁþŠ¦ŁĞ¦¼¹Č ךýþÞ²ÞŞ¼×˛ˇþ²˛¼ ¦ ¦¼ ךž³Ýş²˛²˛¼K

D ‡ŞŠ˛₣˛ ĆÞš×łš²¦₣š¹ðþłþ−˛¹−þײ˛ −צ −×þŠ˛Žš ¦Ý¦¹Š˛₣š Ł ˛×šÞŠ³ ÞšŠŁ¦Ž¦ýþ¹²¦¹²˛Þš² þˇČž˛²šÝşÞþÐK

ÊžýšÞšÞ¦Č ŠÝČ ÞšŽ¦Ý޼žŠ˛Þ¦ÐD ‚ÝČ ÞšŽ¦Ý޼ žŠ˛Þ¦Ð ŁŁþŠ¦²¹Č

ÞþŁŞÐ ýš²þŠ þ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦ČĆÞš×łš²¦₣š¹ðþłþ ˇ˛Ý˛Þ¹˛K ÔĆ²þÐ ¾šÝşć Ł Þ˛¹²þČğššŁ×šýČ ×˛ž×˛ˇ˛²ŞŁ˛š²¹Č ÞþŁ˛ČÞþ×ý˛ À afk NURVVK

Ó˛¹₣š² ךł³Ý¦×K båbî −˛×˛ýš²×þŁ ‡Şˇþ×

ÌþŠ²Łš×ŽŠšÞ¦š ŁšÝ¦₣¦ÞŞ ¹³ýý˛×Þþłþ ײ¹¼þŠ˛ ĆÞš×ł¦¦ −þ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čý båbs

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| 37SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

Ïˇžþ× −þÝþŽšÞ¦Ð ÞþŁþÐÞþ×ýŞ afk NURVVD Ìצ þ¾šÞðš ĆÞš×łš²¦₣š¹ðþłþ

ˇ˛Ý˛Þ¹˛ žŠ˛Þ¦Ð ²š−š×ş³₣¦²ŞŁ˛ć²¹Č Þš ²þÝşðþž˛²×˛²Ş Þ˛ þ²þ−ÝšÞ¦šI Þþ ¦ž˛²×˛²Ş ĆÞš×ł¦¦ Þ˛ łþ×Č₣ššŁþŠþ¹Þ˛ˇŽšÞ¦šI þ¹ŁšğšÞ¦šI ¦I−צ Þ˛Ý¦₣¦¦ ²˛ðþŁþłþIðþÞŠ¦¾¦þÞ¦×þŁ˛Þ¦š ŁþžŠ³¼˛ ŁžŠ˛Þ¦¦K

D ÎþŁŞš žŠ˛Þ¦Č −Ýþğ˛ŠşćY NMMM ýO −þŠÝšŽ˛² −×þŁš×ðšÞ˛ ŁþžýþŽÞþ¹²ş ¦¹−þÝşžKŁþžþˇÞþŁÝČšýK ¦¹²þ₣Þ¦ðþŁĆÞš×ł¦¦ ¦Ý¦ þˇİšŠK ŁŞ×˛ˇþ²ð¦²š−ÝþŁþÐ ¦ ĆÝšð²×þĆÞš×ł¦¦ Þ˛¹²˛Š¦¦ −×þšð²˛K

D ‡ þˇğš¹²ŁK žŠ˛Þ¦Č¼ ĆÞš×łK−˛¹−þײ ŁŞŁšĞK Ł Šþ¹²³−ÞK ýK

D ÏˇČž˛²šÝşÞK ךł³ÝK ²š¼K þˇ¹ÝKðþ²šÝşÞ޼ ³¹²˛ÞþŁþð [ OM ð‡²I¦ ðþÞŠ¦¾¦þÞš×þŁ [ NOð‡²K

D Ìþݳ₣šÞ¦š ĆÞš×łš²¦₣š¹ðþłþ−˛¹−þײ˛ ¹²˛ÞþŁ¦²¹ČþˇČž˛²šÝşÞŞý ŠÝČ Ł¹š¼žŠ˛Þ¦Ð −Ýþğ˛Šşć ˇþÝššNMMM ýOK‚ÝČ žŠ˛Þ¦Ð ýšÞşĞšÐ −Ýþğ˛Š¦ĆÞš×łš²¦₣š¹ð¦Ð −˛¹−þײŁŞŠ˛š²¹Č ²þÝşðþ −צ −×þŠ˛Žš¦Ý¦ ¹ýšÞš ˛×šÞŠ˛²þײK

‡šÞ²¦ÝČ¾¦Č ðŁ˛×²¦×ı˛¹²ş S

Ïˇğ¦Ð ˇ˛Ý˛Þ¹ı˛¹²ş N

fl˛Ý˛Þ¹ −þýšğšÞ¦Čı˛¹²ş O

ʹ−K ĆÞš×łK ¾K ¹¦¹²K ðþÞŠKı˛¹²ş P ·þ×Č₣šš ŁþŠþ¹Þ˛ˇŽšÞ¦š

ı˛¹²ş U

ϹŁšğšÞ¦šı˛¹²ş Q

·×˛Þ¦₣ÞŞš ³¹ÝþŁ¦Čı˛¹²ş NM

ϲþ−ÝšÞ¦šı˛¹²ş R

ÔþŁýšğK łšÞš×˛²þ×ı˛¹²ş V

ÙšÞ²×K¹KðþÞŠK ¦ þ¼Ý˛ŽŠKı˛¹²ş T

ÒךˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ð néW nmý˛ð¹K Z nmÜý˛ð¹K H nmŁþžŠKý˛ð¹K ñ H nttý˛ð¹K H niý˛ð¹K H nðþÞŠK ý˛ð¹K

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk NURVV

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|38 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ÔþłÝK afk s QNMUÀQ ŠÝČ −þŠ²Łš×ŽŠšÞ¦Č¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦Č ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čý båbsOMMO Þšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ ³ð˛ž˛²ş ךž³Ýş²˛²¦žýš×šÞ¦ÐK

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛afk bk fpl NMMTT--NI Ò ˇK cK N

afk s QNMU--QI Ò ˇK S

båbs −ךŠ³¹ý˛²×¦Ł˛š² ²×¦−צ޾¦−¦˛ÝşÞŞš ŁþžýþŽÞþ¹²¦þ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rt

þðÞ˛K

Ó˛¹₣š²afk bk fpl NMMTT--N

Êžýš×šÞ¦šafk bk fpl NORST--N

Ó˛ý˛rÑ ⇒ rÑI _t

Ó˛ý˛rÑ

ÏðÞþNIOP ý ñ NIQU ý

Ô²šðÝþrÖ

Ô²šðÝþrÖ

Ô²šðÝþrÖ

Îþý¦Þ˛ÝşÞþš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š rt

Îþý¦Þ˛ÝşÞK žÞ˛₣K rtI ð˛ð −ײŁ¦ÝþI ײ¹¹₣¦²K ŠÝČ ˇÝþð˛ ¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²ÞK ײžýš×˛ NIOP ý ñ NIQU ý‡þžýþŽšÞ ײ¹₣š² ˇÝþðþŁ Þš¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²Þ޼ ײžýš×þŁ ŠÝČ ðþÞðך²Þ޼ þˇİšð²þŁ

DD

Ó˛¹₣š²Þþš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š rtI_t Z rtH Σ ∆ rt

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rt

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| 39SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

rÑI_t ײ¹₣š²ÞKŠÝČ ×˛ý

ËþĆ½½K ŠÝČþ²ŠK −×þ½K

Y MIV MIU

≥ MIV Y NIN NIM

≥ NIN YNIP NIO

≥ NIP YNIS NIQ

≥ NIS Y OIM

≥ OIM Y OIQ OIO

≥ OIQ Y OIU OIS

≥ OIU Y PIO PIM

≥ PIO Y PIS PIQ

≥ PIS Y QIM PIU

Y QIM TIM

‡²LEýOhF

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š −þ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾š„¹Ý¦ ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rÑ ×˛ýŞEײ¹₣š²Þþš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š ¹þłÝ˛¹Þþafk s QNMUÀQI ²˛ˇÝ¦¾˛ TF ¦¹²šðݲ ¦žŁš¹²ÞŞI Þ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş S afk s QNMUÀ Q ýþŽÞþ³¹²˛ÞþŁ¦²ş žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š

ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rt E−þ¹ðþÝşð³²˛ˇÝ¦¾˛ cKN Ł ÌצÝþŽšÞ¦¦ ð afkbk fpl NM MTTÀN ŁðÝć₣šÞ˛ Ł Ć²³²˛ˇÝ¦¾³I ²˛ð˛Č ŁþžýþŽÞþ¹²şIײž³ýšš²¹ČI ¹³ğš¹²Ł³š² ¦ ŠÝČ²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş cKNFK

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š žÞ˛₣šÞ¦ČðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rt −þ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾šafk s QNMUÀQW OMMOÀMOËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rï þðÞ˛þ−ךŠšÝČš²¹Č Þš−þ¹×šŠ¹²ŁšÞÞþÞ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾ S ¦ T Þþ×ýŞafk s QNMUÀQW OMMOÀMOW

‡¦Šþ¹²šðÝK

ÏŠ¦Þ˛×Þþšþ¹²šðÝšÞ¦š RIT QIP

rÖ‡²L

EýOhF

rч²LEýOhF

ı˛¹²ş −Ýþğ˛Š¦I −צ¼þŠČğ˛Č¹Č Þ˛ ײý³ -- PMB

QIQ QIR QIS QIU QIV RIM RIN SIN

NIM NIQ

PIP OIT OIU OIV PIN PIO PIQ PIR PIS QIQ

PIN OIS OIT OIU PIN PIO PIP PIR QIPOIV

OIV OIQ OIR OIT PIM PIN PIO PIP QINOIU

OIT OIP OIQ OIR OIU OIV PIN PIO QIMOIS

OIR OIO OIP OIQ OIT OIU PIM PIN PIVOIS

OIP OIN OIO OIP OIS OIT OIU OIV PIUOIQ

OIN NIV OIM OIO OIQ OIS OIT OIU PISOIP

NIV NIU NIV OIM OIP OIQ OIR OIT PIROIN

NIT NIS NIU NIV OIO OIP OIQ OIR PIPOIM

NIR NIR NIS NIT OIM OIN OIP OIQ PIONIV

NIQ NIR NIS NIV OIM OIN OIO PINNIT

NIO NIP

ÏŠÞþÀð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ¹²šðÝþÀ−˛ðš²

OIO OIS PIM PIQ PIU TIMNIUNIU

NIR NIT NIV OIM OIN OIVNIS

NIP

NIN

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rÑ ×˛ýŞ−þݳ₣K −צ ײ¹₣š²š ¦Ý¦ ¦žýš×šÞK

Þ˛−×K NIVR ‡²LEýOhF

ËþĆ½½K rÖ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č¹þłÝK Þþ×ýš afk STPÞ˛−×K NIN ‡²LEýOhF

rï þðÞ˛

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ T Ôþþ²ÞþĞšÞ¦š ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rÑ

þ²ŠšÝşÞ޼ −×þ½¦ÝšÐ ¦ ײ¹₣š²ÞþÐ

ŁšÝ¦₣¦ÞŞ ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rÑK_t ŠÝČ ×˛ý

‡ŞŠš×Žð¦ ¦ž ²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş S -- Þþý¦Þ˛ÝşÞŞš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č rï

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk s QNMU�Q

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|40 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

rÑ −צýK ‡²LEýOhF‡¦Šþ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č

ÏŠ¦Þ˛×Þþš¹²šðÝþ

RIT QIO QIP QIP QIQ QIR QIS QIU QIV RIM RIN SIN

rÖ‡²LEýOhF MIU NIM NIO NIQ NIU OIO OIS PIM PIQ PIU TIM

ÏŠÞþð˛ýš×ÞK¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

‚Ł³¼ð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

PIP OIS OIT OIU OIU OIV PIN PIO PIQ PIR PIS QIQ

PIO OIS OIS OIT OIU OIV PIM PIO PIP PIQ PIR QIP

PIN OIR OIS OIS OIT OIU OIV PIN PIO PIP PIR QIP

PIM OIQ OIR OIS OIS OIT OIV PIM PIN PIP PIQ QIO

OIV OIQ OIQ OIR OIR OIT OIU PIM PIN PIO PIP QIN

OIU OIP OIQ OIQ OIR OIS OIT OIV PIM PIN PIP QIN

OIT OIO OIP OIP OIQ OIR OIS OIU OIV PIN PIO QIM

OIS OIO OIP OIP OIQ OIR OIS OIU OIV PIM PIN QIM

OIR OIN OIO OIP OIP OIQ OIS OIT OIU PIM PIN PIV

OIQ OIN OIN OIO OIO OIQ OIR OIT OIU OIV PIM PIU

OIP OIM OIN OIN OIO OIP OIQ OIS OIT OIU OIV PIU

OIO NIV OIM OIM OIN OIO OIP OIR OIS OIU OIV PIT

OIN NIV NIV OIM OIM OIO OIP OIQ OIR OIT OIU PIS

OIM NIU NIU NIV OIM OIN OIO OIQ OIR OIS OIT PIS

NIV NIT NIU NIU NIV OIM OIN OIP OIQ OIR OIT PIR

NIU NIS NIT NIU NIU NIV OIN OIO OIQ OIR OIS PIQ

NIT NIS NIS NIT NIU NIV OIM OIO OIP OIQ OIR PIP

NIS NIR NIS NIS NIT NIU NIV OIN OIO OIP OIR PIP

NIR NIQ NIR NIS NIS NIT NIV OIM OIN OIP OIQ PIO

NIQ NIQ NIQ NIR NIR NIT NIU OIM OIN OIO OIP PIN

NIP NIP NIQ NIQ NIR NIS NIT NIV OIM OIN OIO PIN

NIO NIO NIP NIP NIQ NIR NIT NIU NIV OIN OIO PIM

NIN NIO NIO NIP NIP NIR NIS NIT NIV OIM OIN OIV

NIN NIN NIO NIP NIQ NIR NIT NIU NIV OIM OIV

NIV OIM OIN OIN OIO OIQ OIR OIT OIU OIV PIT

NIV NIV OIM OIN OIO OIP OIR OIS OIT OIU PIS

NIU NIV NIV OIM OIN OIO OIQ OIR OIS OIU PIS

NIT NIU NIV NIV OIM OIO OIP OIR OIS OIT PIR

NIT NIT NIU NIU OIM OIN OIP OIQ OIR OIS PIQ

NIS NIT NIU NIU NIV OIN OIO OIQ OIR OIS PIQ

NIS NIS NIT NIT NIU NIV OIN OIO OIQ OIR PIP

NIR NIS NIS NIT NIU NIV OIN OIO OIP OIR PIP

NIQ NIR NIS NIS NIT NIV OIM OIN OIP OIQ PIO

NIQ NIQ NIR NIR NIT NIU OIM OIN OIO OIP PIN

NIP NIQ NIQ NIR NIS NIT NIV OIM OIN OIO PIN

NIO NIP NIP NIQ NIR NIT NIU NIV OIN OIO PIM

NIO NIO NIP NIP NIR NIS NIT NIV OIM OIN OIV

NIN NIN NIO NIP NIQ NIR NIT NIU NIV OIM OIV

NIM NIN NIN NIO NIP NIQ NIS NIT NIU OIM OIU

MIV NIM NIN NIN NIP NIQ NIR NIT NIU NIV OIT

MIV MIV NIM NIN NIO NIP NIR NIS NIT NIU OIS

MIU MIV MIV NIM NIN NIO NIQ NIR NIS NIU OIS

MIT MIU MIV MIV NIM NIO NIP NIQ NIS NIT OIR

OIP

OIO

OIN

OIM

NIV

NIU

NIT

NIS

NIR

NIQ

NIP

NIO

NIN

NIM

NIM

MIV

MIU

MIT

MIS

MIR

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk s QNMU--Q

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rt

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| 41SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

‚˛ÞÞŞš ²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş SI Þþ×ý˛afk s QNMUÀQI þ²Þþ¹Č²¹Č ððþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ČýI ŠþÝČ−צ¼þŠČğšÐ¹Č Þ˛ ײýŞ −Ýþğ˛Š¦ðþ²þת¼ ¹þ¹²˛ŁÝČš² PMBK ‚ÝČ¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²Þþłþ þðÞ˛I ŁÞšĞÞ¦Ðײžýš× ײýŞ ðþ²þ×þłþ NIOP ý ñNIQU ýI Ć²þ þžÞ˛₣˛š²I ₣²þ

Ó˛¹₣š²„¹Ý¦ þðÞþ þ²Ý¦₣˛š²¹Č þ²¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²Þþłþ þðÞ˛ −þ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾š SE−þ ײžýš×˛ý ¦ ŠþÝš −Ýþğ˛Š¦Iž˛Þ¦ý˛šýþÐ ×˛ýþÐFI ðþĆ½½K rï

ײ¹¹₣¦²K −þ ¹ÝšŠ³ćğšÐ ½þ×ý³ÝšW

Ğ¦×¦Þ˛ ײýŞ ×˛ŁÞ˛ NN ¹ýK Ë×þýš²þłþI Þšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ ³₣š¹²ş ŁÝ¦ČÞ¦š−š×š¼þŠÞþÐ þˇÝ˛¹²¦ ýšŽŠ³¹²šðÝþý ¦ ײýþÐ Eýþ¹²¦ð¼þÝþŠ˛FK ‚ÝČ Ć²þłþ ŁŁþŠ¦²¹ČðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦

Ψ E₣¦²KW −¹¦FK Ó˛¹₣š²Þ˛Č ŠÝ¦Þ˛ äÖ−צˇÝ¦ž¦²šÝşÞþ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š²ŠÝ¦Þš ¦¹−þÝşž³šýþłþ³−Ýþ²Þ¦²šÝČ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛K

Ó˛¹₣š² ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rt ¹þłÝKafk bk fpl NMMTTÀNW OMMM--NN

‡šÝ¦₣¦Þ˛ „ŠK ¦žýK

rï ‡²LEýOhF

rÖ ‡²LEýOhF

rÑ ‡²LEýOhF

ΨÖ ‡²LEýËF

^Ö ýO

^Ñ ýO

fÖ ý

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Ó˛¹₣š² þðþÞ ˇþÝşĞšłþ ײžýš×˛I Łðþ²þת¼ ײý˛ ž˛Þ¦ý˛š² ýšÞşĞ³ćŠþÝć −Ýþğ˛Š¦I ýþŽš² Š˛²şˇþÝšš ˇÝ˛łþ−×¦Č²ÞŞš ךž³Ýş²˛²ŞK

^Örï H ^ÑrÑ H äÖΨÖ

^Ö H ^Ñrï Z

^ÖrÖ H ^ÑrÑ H äÖΨÖ

^Ö H ^Ñ

Ó˛¹₣š² žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č rt ŠÝČ þðÞ˛Ó˛¹₣š² ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rï ŠÝČþðþÞ ¦ ˇ˛ÝðþÞÞŞ¼ ŠŁš×šÐŠšÝ˛š²¹Č Ł ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ŠšÐ¹²Ł³ćğšÐ Ł „Ł×þ−š Þþ×ýþÐafk bk fpl NMMTTÀNI ݦˇþŠšÐ¹²Ł³ćğšÐ Ł ·š×ý˛Þ¦¦−š×š×˛ˇþ²˛ÞÞþÐ Þþ×ýþÐ afk sQNMUÀQK ÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦š rï þðÞ˛ ²˛ðŽšýþŽÞþ þ−ךŠšÝ¦²ş ¹þłÝ˛¹ÞþÞþ×ýš afk bk fpl NO RSTÀNK ‚ÝČײ¹₣š²˛ ðþĆ½½¾¦šÞ²˛²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ ¹Ý³¼þŁŞ¼ þðþÞĆ²þ šŠ¦Þ¹²ŁšÞÞŞÐ Šþ−³¹²¦ýŞÐýš²þŠKÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦š ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ rï þðÞ˛ ž˛Ł¦¹¦²þ² ײžýš×þŁ þðÞ˛I ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č rÖIðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞI þ−ךŠšÝČšý³ć¼˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð˛ý¦ Š¦¹²˛Þ¾¦þÞÞþÐײýð¦I ¹²šðݲ ¦ ײýŞ ΨÖI ˛²˛ðŽš ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²þý²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ ײýŞ rÑK

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rï þðÞ˛

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Af,a Ag,a

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ÌÝþğ˛Šş ײýŞ ^Ñ Z ý˛ð¹K E^ÑIá X ^ÑI~FÌÝþğ˛Šş ¹²šðݲ ^Ö Z ý¦ÞK E^ÖIá X ^ÖI~F̚צýš²× Ł¦Š¦ýþÐ ₣˛¹²¦�þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č äÖ Z ý˛ð¹K EäÖIá X äÖI~F

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|42 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

~ Ìþ−ײŁþ₣ÞŞÐ ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² Þš ŁŁþŠ¦²¹ČI š¹Ý¦ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š ³₣²šÞþ −צ ײ¹₣š²š ¦Ý¦ ¦žýš×šÞ¦¦K

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk s QNMU�Q

Ìþ−ײŁþ₣ÞKðþĆ½½K ∆rt

‡²LEýOhFÏˇþžÞ˛₣šÞ¦š −þ−ײŁþ₣ÞþłþðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛

-- MINÓ˛ýð˛ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ þ²Łš₣˛š² ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦ČýI³ð˛ž˛ÞÞŞý Ł ÌצÝþŽšÞ¦¦ `

ϹÞþŁ˛Þ¦š

Ìþ−ײŁð˛ ŠÝČ þ−²¦ý¦ž¦×³ćğšÐ²š−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦ć ײý𦠹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛~

± MIMÓ˛ýð˛ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ Þš þ²Łš₣˛š²²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦ČýI ³ð˛ž˛ÞÞŞý Ł ÌצÝþŽšÞ¦¦ `

Ìþ−ײŁð˛ ŠÝČ Ğ−×þ¹~

± MIM

ϲðÝþÞšÞ¦Č Ł ײ¹₣š²Þ޼ ŁšÝ¦₣¦Þ˛¼ ¦ −צ¦žýš×šÞ¦¦

ÔþłÝ˛¹Þþ afk s QNMUÀQ ŠÝČ−þŠ²Łš×ŽŠšÞ¦Č ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦Č²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čý båbs Þšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ−ךŠ¹²˛Ł¦²ş ךž³Ýş²˛²¦žýš×šÞ¦ÐK

βðݲŠÞŞš Ğ−×þ¹Ş

ˆ−×þ¹ŞI ³¹²K ŁÞ³²×¦ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛E−×þ¹²þš −š×š¹š₣šÞ¦š Ğ−×þ¹F

ˆ−×þ¹ŞI ³¹²K ŁÞ³²×¦ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛E−š×š¹š₣šÞ¦š ˇþÝšš ₣šý OÀ¼ Ğ−×þ¹F

Ó˛žŠšÝČć𦚠¹²šðÝþ Ğ−×þ¹Ş

H MIN

H MIO

H MIP

Ìþ−ײŁþ₣ÞŞš ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²Ş ∆UW ŠÝČ ×˛¹₣š²˛ ¦žýš×Čšýþłþ rtI _t

UW, BW = UW + Ò ‚ UW

Êžýš×šÞ¦š ŁšÝ¦₣¦ÞŞ rtI _t

Page 44: строительные конструкции

| 43SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š Þ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦ ¹š×²¦½¦ð˛²˛

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rÑ�þðþÞÞþÐ ×˛ýŞ

˲ð −þݳ₣šÞþ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š\Ԛײ¦½¦ð˛² ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð

¹¦¹²šýŞáÑí oçëÉåÜÉáã L Š×³ł¦š

þ׳˛Þ¦ž˛¾¦¦afk bk fpl NOQNO�Oafk bk fpl NMMTT�O

Ć²þý Ł˛ŽÞþ þ−ךŠšÝ¦²ş¹þþ²Łš¹²Ł³ćğ³ć ýš²þŠ¦ð³ Þ˛×˛ÞÞšý Ć²˛−šI ₣²þˇŞ ¦ýš²şŁþžýþŽÞþ¹²ş þˇİšð²¦ŁÞþłþ¹×˛ŁÞšÞ¦Č Ł˛×¦˛Þ²þŁ −צ

−×þšð²¦×þŁ˛Þ¦¦I ŁŞˇþך−þŠ×ČŠ₣¦ð˛ ¦ ך˛Ý¦ž˛¾¦¦−×þšð²˛K

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Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rÑ −þ ł×˛½¦ð³ rÑ ŠÝČ ¹¦¹²šý

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Page 45: строительные конструкции

|44 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

?eçí _çñ?

Ó˛¹₣š² ¹ −þýþğşć −×þł×˛ýý −þ ýš²þŠ³ ðþÞš₣ÞŞ¼ ĆÝšýšÞ²þŁ

Ó˛¹₣š²

˲ð −þݳ₣šÞþ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š\Ó˛¹₣š²

Þ˛−×K −×þ¦žŁþŠ¦²šÝČ ¹¦¹²šýŞðþÞ¹³Ýş²˛Þ²˛ −þ ŁþžŁšŠšÞ¦ć

½˛¹˛Š˛L¦ÞŽK ˇć×þafk bk fpl NMMTT--O

ÙšÝş ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦Č\Ô−š¾¦˛ÝşÞŞš −×þ½¦Ý¦

Ô¦¹²K ?−×þ½¦Ý¦ ¹−š¾K ½þ×ý?

˲ðþŁŞ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č\βžŁ˛Þ¦š ¹¦¹²šýŞ₣š×²šŽ¦ Ł ½þ×ý˛²š

ÇñÑ

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š −³²šý ¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð

˲ð −þݳ₣šÞþ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š\ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW Þ˛−×K ?eçí _çñ?

−×þ¦žŁþŠ¦²šÝş ¹¦¹²šýŞ ¦Ý¦áÑí oçëÉåÜÉáã

afk bk fpl NOQNOÀO

ÙšÝş ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦Č\Ô−š¾¦˛ÝşÞŞš −×þ½¦Ý¦

˲ðþŁŞ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č\Ïˇ×˛žš¾ ¹þšŠ¦ÞšÞ¦Č

−×þ½¦ÝşL−×þ½¦ÝşI ŠÝ¦Þ˛ NIQ ýËþݦ₣š¹²Łþ ¹þłÝ˛¹þŁŞŁ˛š²¹Č

EPMB ¦žýš×ČšýþÐ −þŁš×¼Þþ¹²¦F

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| 45SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rÖ

¹²šðݲ −×þ¦žŁþŠ¦²¹Č Ł¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹þ ¹ÝšŠ³ćğ¦ý¦Þþ×ý˛ý¦W

Ϲ²šðÝšÞ¦š

Ô²šðÝþ ˇšž−þðת²¦ČEþˇŞ₣Þþš¹²šðÝþF

‡¦Š ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦Č ð˛ýš×Ş ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛EðþÞ¾šÞ²×˛¾¦Č ł˛ž˛ À VMBF

QÀSÀQ PIP PIM OIU PIM

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rÖ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þŁI ž˛−þÝÞšÞÞŞ¼ ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞý¦ ł˛ž˛ý¦

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Ćý¦¹¹¦þÞK¹−þ¹þˇÞK

m˛žýš×Şýý _þžŠ³¼ ^׳þÞ Ëצ−²þÞ pcS

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QÀNRÀQ OIT OIS OIS PINQÀOMÀQ OIT OIS OIS PINQÀSÀQ OIV OIS OIO OIS

ÏŠÞþ ¹²šðÝþ¹ −þðת²¦šý

ÏŠÞþ ¹²šðÝþ¹ −þðת²¦šý

ÏŠÞþ ¹²šðÝþ¹ −þðת²¦šý

ÏŠÞþ ¹²šðÝþ¹ −þðת²¦šý

≤ MIQ

≤ MIO

≤ MIN

≤ MIMR

ÏŠÞþð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

QÀVÀQQÀNOÀQQÀNRÀQQÀOMÀQQÀSÀQQÀVÀQQÀNOÀQQÀNRÀQQÀOMÀQQÀSÀQQÀVÀQQÀNOÀQQÀNRÀQQÀOMÀQQÀSÀQQÀVÀQQÀNOÀQQÀNRÀQQÀOMÀQ

OIS OIP OIM OITOIQ OIN OIM OITOIO OIM OIM OITOIO OIM OIM OITOIT OIP NIV OIPOIP OIM NIS OIQNIV NIT NIR OIQNIU NIS NIS OIRNIU NIT NIS OIROIS OIO NIT OINOIN NIT NIP OIONIU NIR NIP OIPNIS NIQ NIP OIPNIS NIQ NIP OIPOIR OIN NIR OIMOIM NIS NIP OINNIT NIP NIN OIONIR NIO NIN OIONIR NIO NIO OIO

ˇšž −þðת²¦ČEþˇŞ₣Þþš¹²šðÝþF

MIUV

O ¹²šðݲˇšž −þðת²¦Č ≤ MIQ

O ¹²šðݲˇšž −þðת²¦Č ≤ MIO

O ¹²šðݲˇšž −þðת²¦Č ≤ MIN

O ¹²šðݲˇšž −þðת²¦Č ≤ MIMR

QÀSÀQÀSÀQ OIP OIN NIU OIMQÀVÀQÀVÀQ

QÀNOÀQÀNOÀQQÀSÀQÀSÀQQÀVÀQÀVÀQ

QÀNOÀQÀNOÀQQÀSÀQÀSÀQQÀVÀQÀVÀQ

QÀNOÀQÀNOÀQQÀSÀQÀSÀQQÀVÀQÀVÀQ

QÀNOÀQÀNOÀQQÀSÀQÀSÀQQÀVÀQÀVÀQ

QÀNOÀQÀNOÀQ

OIMNIVOIMNITNIRNIUNIQNIONITNIPNINNISNIONIM

NIVNIUNITNIRNIPNIRNIONIMNIPNIMMIVNIPMIVMIU

NITNISNIQNIONINNINMIVMIUNIMMIUMISMIVMITMIR

OIMOIMNISNISNISNIPNIPNIQNIONIONIONINNINNIN

Ìצýš₣˛Þ¦šWËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ ײ¹¹₣¦²ŞŁ˛š²¹Č Ł ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ Þþ×ýþÐ bk STPK ˚²þ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š þ²Þþ¹¦²¹Č ²þÝşðþ ð ˇÝþð˛ý ¹ ²šý ŽšðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²þý ¦žÝ³₣šÞ¦Č ¦ ðþÞ¾šÞ²×˛¾¦šÐ ł˛ž˛ ŁÞ³²×¦ ð˛ýš×ŞK ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ¦žÝ³₣šÞ¦Č ¦ ðþÞ¾šÞ²×˛¾¦Č ł˛ž˛ Ł þ−ךŠšÝšÞÞŞ¼ ²¦−˛¼þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č ¹þ Ł×šýšÞšý ¦žýšÞČš²¹ČK Íš²þŠ þ¾šÞð¦ ŁÝ¦ČÞ¦Č ¹²˛×šÞ¦Č Þ˛ ²š−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²ş ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð þ−¦¹˛Þ Þþ×ý˛ý¦ éêbk NOTVÀN ¦éêbk NOTVÀPK ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk bk fpl NMMTTÀN

‚Ł³¼ð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ�¹²šðÝþ�−˛ðš²

À bk STR ýš²þŠ ¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð²š−ÝþŁŞ¼ −þ²þðþŁ

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À bk STP ýš²þŠ ײ¹₣š²þŁÀ bk STQ ýš²þŠ ¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð

¹ −þýþğşć ¦žþݦ×þŁ˛ÞÞþÐłþ×Č₣šÐ −ݦ²Ş

ϲŠšÝşÞŞš ₣˛¹²¦ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦W ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² rÖ ¹²šðݲ

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|46 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ȦޚÐÞŞÐ ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ Ψ ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛š²−þŁŞĞšÞÞŞš ²š−Ýþ−þ²š×¦ ₣š×šž×˛ýð³ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ ¦ ½˛Ýş¾×˛ýŞK ²Ł¦¹¦² þ² ŁŞˇ×˛ÞÞþłþ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ EþŠÞþÀ ¦Ý¦ŠŁ³¼ð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²I¹²×³ð²³×˛ ײýð¦F ˛ ²˛ðŽš ³×þŁÞȦžþÝČ¾¦¦I þˇš¹−š₣¦Ł˛šýþłþ¦¹−þÝşž³šýþÐ ×˛ýþÐK

Òð˛ž˛ÞÞŞš Ł ²˛ˇÝ¦¾š žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Čž˛¦ý¹²ŁþŁ˛ÞŞ ¦ž Þþ×ýŞ afk bkNPVQTK ‚þð˛ž˛ÞþI ₣²þ ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²rï Þ¦Žš ³ þðþÞI Ł ðþ²þת¼³¹²˛ÞþŁÝšÞ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš² ¹×˛ýðþÐ ¹ −þŁŞĞšÞÞþвš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦šÐK ʹ−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦š−þŠþˇÞþÐ ×˛ýð¦ −þžŁþÝČš²³ýšÞşĞ¦²ş rï Þ˛ MIN ‡²LýOh −þ¹×˛ŁÞšÞ¦ć ¹ ³ð˛ž˛ÞÞŞý Ł²˛ˇÝ¦¾š žÞ˛₣šÞ¦šýK

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þצšÞ²¦×þŁþ₣ÞŞš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ŠÝČ

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ײýðþÐK

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Ìצýš₣˛Þ¦šW ÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č Ψé�ŠÝČ−˛ÞšÝšÐ ¹ýK Ł žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č¼ r`t

ŠÝČ ½˛¹˛ŠþŁ

ÚšŠš×˛ÝşÞþš ý¦Þ¦¹²š×¹²Łþ²×˛Þ¹−þײ˛I ¹²×þ¦²šÝş¹²Ł˛ ¦Ž¦Ý¦ğÞþÐ −þݦ²¦ð¦ E_js_tFþ−³ˇÝ¦ðþŁ˛Ýþ ¦Þ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ −þ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦ć ײ¹¹₣¦²˛ÞÞŞ¼ −þ¹²˛×Şý Þ˛¾¦þÞ˛ÝşÞŞý Þþ×ý˛ý²š−Ýþ²š¼Þ¦₣š¹ð¦¼¼˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð ŠÝČ −þݳ₣šÞ¦Čײž×šĞ¦²šÝşÞþÐ Šþð³ýšÞ²˛¾¦¦¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ ?Ó˛¹−þ×ČŽšÞ¦ć þˇĆÞš×łþ¹ˇš×šŽšÞ¦¦? EbåbîFKÌײŁ¦Ý˛ −š×š¹₣š²˛ ˇŞÝ¦þ−³ˇÝ¦ðþŁ˛ÞŞ Ł ¹þþˇğšÞ¦¦Îšýš¾ðþłþ ¦Þ¹²¦²³²˛¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞþÐ ²š¼Þ¦ð¦ Eaf_íF Łý˛×²š OMMO łKW

D ײýŞrÑ Z ro H MIO ‡²LEýOhFϲŠK žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š ro Ero Z âoF−þݳ₣šÞþ −צ ¦žýš×šÞ¦¦ ¹þłÝK¹²˛×þÐ Þþ×ýš afk ROSNVÀPWNVURÀNM

D þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šrÖ Z rs E_^wF

D þðÞ˛rï Z rc H MIO ‡²LEýOhFϲŠK žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š rc Erc Z âcF−þݳ₣šÞþ −צ ¦žýš×šÞ¦¦ ¹þłÝK¹²˛éþÐ Þþ×ýš afk ROSNVÀNWNVUOÀNN

Ìþ×ČŠþð −š×š¼þŠ˛ Þ˛ ÞþŁ³ć ýš²þŠ¦ð³þ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ r

ϲŠšÝşÞŞš ₣˛¹²¦ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦W ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ΨÖ ¹²šðݲ

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| 47SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

−˛ÞšÝšÐI ˛ ²˛ðŽš ŁŁšŠšÞ¦¦ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ Ψ�I −þžŁþÝČćğK³₣š¹²şI ³¹²˛ÞþŁÝšÞ þ²ðתŁ˛ćğKĆÝšýšÞ² Ł ¹²þÐ𚠦ݦ Ł צłšÝšKβ ¹ÝšŠK ¹²×˛Þ¦¾˛¼ −צŁšŠšÞþ¹þŠš×ŽŠ˛Þ¦š ÞþŁþłþ −×þšð²˛Þþ×ýŞ éêbk NPVQT OMMS łK‡¹ÝšŠ¹²Ł¦š ¦žýšÞšÞ¦Ð −צþ¾šÞðš ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rÅï −þÞþŁþÐ ýš²þŠ¦ðš −þð˛ž˛²šÝ¦þð˛žŞŁ˛ć²¹Č ¼³ŽšI ₣šý −צײ¹₣š²š −þ Þþ×ýš OMMN łþŠ K Ìצײ¹₣š²š ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rÅï

³₣¦²ŞŁ˛ć²¹Č ¹ÝšŠK ½˛ð²þתWD ŠþÝČ −Ýþğ˛Š¦I ž˛Þ¦ý˛šý˛Č

ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦Čý¦W ^ÖI ^éID ŠþÝČ −Ýþğ˛Š¦I ž˛Þ¦ý˛šý˛Č−×þ½¦ÝČý¦W ^ÑI ^íI ^ý

D −š×¦ýš²× þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č ¦−˛ÞšÝ¦W äÖI äéI

D ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦ČW rÖI

D ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ ¹ ³₣š²þýŠ¦¹²˛Þ¾¦þÞÞþÐ ×˛ý𦹲šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ ¦ −˛ÞšÝ¦I ¹²šðݲ¦ ײýŞW ΨÖI ΨéI

D ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦−×þ½¦ÝšÐ þðÞ˛I ¹²þÐ𦠦צłšÝČW rÑI rãI ríK

D ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ ¹ ³₣š²þý½˛ð²˛ ³¹²˛ÞþŁð¦þ²ðתŁ˛ćğšłþ¹Č ĆÝšýšÞ²˛½˛¹˛Š˛ Ł −×þ½¦Ýš ¹²þÐ𦠦צłšÝČW ΨãIÑI ΨíIÑ

‡ EnEv ŁðÝć₣šÞ˛ Þþ×ý˛ éêbkNPVQT ŠÝČ Þ˛Łš¹Þ޼ ½˛¹˛ŠþŁKÒ¹²˛ÞþŁÝšÞŞ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č −þðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²³ ²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦rÅï EÅï Z Åìêí~áå ï~ääáåÖF ŠÝČÞ˛Łš¹Þ޼ ½˛¹˛ŠþŁK Îþ×ý˛Ið×þýš ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ rþ²ŠšÝşÞ޼ ˇÝþðþŁI ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛š²ŁÝ¦ČÞ¦š ýþ¹²¦ðþŁ ¼þÝþŠ Iþˇ×˛žþŁ˛ÞÞŞ¼ ײýð˛ý¦¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ ¦ ½˛¹˛ŠÞŞý¦−˛ÞšÝČý¦ ¹ ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²þýΨ KÌ×þšð² Þþ×ýŞ éêbk NPVQT OMMN łKˇŞÝ −š×š×˛ˇþ²˛Þ ¦ −ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝšÞŁ Ł¦Šš ÞþŁþłþ −×þšð²˛ Ł OMMS łKϲݦ₣¦š ¹þ¹²þ¦² Ł −þŁŞĞšÞ¦¦ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ Ψ�ŠÝČ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þŁ ¦ ½˛¹˛ŠÞ޼

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² r −×þ½¦ÝšÐ ײýŞ ¦žýš×Čš²¹Č¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ afk bk NOQNO ݦˇþ ײ¹¹₣¦²ŞŁ˛š²¹Č¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ afk bk NMMTTÀO

Ú˛¹˛Š ¹ þˇþžÞ˛₣šÞ¦Čý¦

−צýš× ž˛¦ý¹²ŁþŁ˛Þ ¦ž Þþ×ýŞ éêbk NPVQT

Ôš₣šÞ¦š N--N_

iP

Ôš₣šÞ¦š Q -- Q

N

O

P

Q

R

S

S

O

P

S

S

N

N

N

Q

Q

Q

R

R

R

Ôš₣šÞ¦š O -- O Ôš₣šÞ¦š R -- R

Ôš₣šÞ¦š P -- P Ôš₣šÞ¦š S -- S

ÏðÞþ

Ì˛ÞšÝş

·Ý³¼þšþ¹²šðÝšÞ¦š

^ã ^ã

^Ñ^Ñ

iO

iN

i

^ÖrÖH^éréH^ÑrÑH^ãrãH^íríHäÑIÖÑIÖHäãIÖãIÖHäÑIÖÑIÖHäééHäãIÑãIÑHäíIÑíIÑ^Åï

rÅï Z

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² r`t ½˛¹˛Š˛

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|48 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ÏŠÞþ-- ¦Ý¦ŠŁ³¼ð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²I

¹²šðÝþ ˇšž −þðת²¦ČI ð˛ýš×˛ž˛−þÝÞšÞ˛ ŁþžŠ³¼þý ¦Ý¦

ł˛žþý

Ͳ²š×¦˛Ý ײýŞ

ÏŠÞþð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²¹ Þ¦žðþĆý¦¹¹¦þÞÞŞý

¹²šðÝþýIŠŁ³¼ð˛ýš×ÞŞÐ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

¹ ŠŁ³ýČ Þ¦žðþĆý¦¹¹¦þÞÞŞý¦−þðת²¦Čý¦

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW éêbk NPVQT

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ _KNÌצÝþŽšÞ¦š _ éêbk NPVQT

ÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ ²š−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²¦ Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ−צ ³¹²˛ÞþŁðš Š¦¹²˛Þ¾K ײý𦠦ž ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦Č ¦ ¹²˛Ý¦ EÞš ޚ׎KF

Ł −×þ½¦ÝČ¼ ¹²þšð ¦Ý¦ צłšÝšÐΨãIÖ I ΨíIÖ

‡²LEýhF

‚š×šŁþÀ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦šŁŞš ײýŞ

Íš²˛ÝÝ ¹ ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁþý

MIMU MINN

ÍþÞ²˛ŽÞ˛Č łÝ³ˇ¦Þ˛ ŁÞ³²×šÞÞšłþ ýš²˛Ýݦ₣š¹ðþłþ −×þ½¦ÝČ

≤ NMM ýý MINP≤ OMM ýý W MINR

≤ NMM ýý W MINT≤ OMM ýý W MINV

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ _KOÌצÝþŽšÞ¦š _ éêbk NPVQT

ÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ ²š−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²¦ Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ−צ Þ˛Ý¦₣¦¦ Š¦¹²˛Þ¾¦þÞÞþÐ ×˛ý𦠹 ³Ý³₣ĞšÞÞþÐ ²š−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦šÐ

Ł −×þ½¦ÝČ¼ ¹²þšð ¦Ý¦ צłšÝšÐΨãIÖ I ΨíIÖ

‡²LEýhF

‚š×šŁþÀ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦šŁŞš ײýŞ

Íš²˛ÝÝ ¹ ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁþý

MIMS MIMU

ÍþÞ²˛ŽÞ˛Č łÝ³ˇ¦Þ˛ ŁÞ³²×šÞÞšłþ ýš²˛Ýݦ₣š¹ðþłþ −×þ½¦ÝČ

≤ NMM ýý W MIMV≤ OMM ýý W MINM

≤ NMM ýý W MINN≤ OMM ýý W MINO

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ _KPÌצÝþŽšÞ¦š _ éêbk NPVQT

ÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ ²š−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²¦ Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ−צ ³¹²˛ÞþŁðš Š¦¹²˛Þ¾K ײý𦠦ž ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦Č ¦ ¹²˛Ý¦ EÞš ޚ׎KFŁ þðþÞÞŞ¼ ˇÝþð˛¼ EŁðÝć₣˛Č þ²ðתŁ˛ćğK ĆÝšýšÞ²Ş Ł ½˛¹˛Š˛¼F

ΨÑIÖ‡²LEýhF

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ _KQÌצÝþŽšÞ¦š _ éêbk NPVQT

ÂÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²˛ ²š−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²¦ Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ−צ Þ˛Ý¦₣¦¦ Š¦¹²˛Þ¾¦þÞÞþÐ ×˛ý𦠹 ³Ý³₣ĞšÞÞþÐ ²š−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦šÐŁ þðþÞÞŞ¼ ˇÝþð˛¼ EŁðÝć₣˛Č þ²ðתŁ˛ćğK ĆÝšýšÞ²Ş Ł ½˛¹˛Š˛¼F

ΨÑIÖ‡²LEýhF

‚š×šŁþ ¦ ̇Û

Íš²˛ÝÝ ¹ ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁþý

Íš²˛ÝÝ ˇšž ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁ˛

‚š×šŁþ ¦ ̇Û

Íš²˛ÝÝ ¹ ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁþý

Íš²˛ÝÝ ˇšž ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁ˛

MIMS MIMU

MIMU MINN

MIMO MIMR

MIMR MIMS

MIMS MIMU

MIMN MIMQ

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ΨÖ�þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č

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| 49SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ײý𦹲šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ ¹ ³Ý³₣ĞšÞÞþвš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦šÐϲݦ₣¦Č ײý𦠹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²˛ ¹³Ý³₣ĞšÞÞþÐ ²š−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦šÐW

Ò¦− ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦Č

Ò¦− O EÓ¦¹K ^KOF¹ þˇÝ¦¾þŁðþÐ

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦

Þ˛ šŠ¦Þ¦¾³ ŠÝ¦ÞŞ é‡²LEýËF

— MINP

� �

MIOMIQ

MIOMMIOV

MIOMIQ

MINUMIOM

Òš−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²ş×˛ýð¦

ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦Č‡²LEýËF

Ò¦− N EÓ¦¹K ^KNF

fiÝćý¦Þ¦Ð L ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦Ð

fiÝćý¦Þ¦Ð L ¹²šðÝþ

MIOMIQ

MINQMINU

Ô²˛Ýş L ¹²šðÝþ

~F ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² Ψ ŁŁþŠ¦²¹Č −צ þ²¹³²¹²Ł¦¦ ךž³Ýş²˛²þŁ ¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð ¦Ý¦ ײ¹₣š²˛K

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² Ψé� −˛ÞšÝšÐ

Ó¦¹ ^KN -- ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦šI

²¦− N

Ó¦¹K ^KO -- ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦šI

²¦− O

EÇ ñ F Z O EÇN ñ NF H ÇO ñ O

ÇN ñ N

ÇO ñ O

N

ÇN

EÇ ñ F Z ÇN ñ N

ÒךˇþŁ˛Þ¦šW EÇ ñ F≤ MIMMT ‡²LhÇ Z ²þÝğ¦Þ˛ ײýð¦ Ł ý

Z ²š−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²ş×˛ýð¦ Ł ‡²Lýh

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW éêbk NPVQT

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW éêbk NPVQT

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|50 Schüco Òš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² Ψ�Ł¹²×þšÞÞK Ł ½˛¹˛Š þðþÞ Ł −×þ½¦ÝČ¼ ¹²þšð ¦ צłšÝšÐ -- ˛ÝćýK ¦ ¹²˛ÝşÞK −×þ½¦ÝšÐ

Ò¦−¹þšŠ¦ÞšÞK

Ï−¦¹˛Þ¦š

MINN

Êžþˇ×˛ŽšÞ¦š

Ò¹²˛ÞþŁð˛ ײýŞŁ ¹²þÐð³LצłšÝş ¹˛Ýćý¦Þ¦šŁŞý˛Š˛−²š×ÞŞý −×þ½¦Ýšý¹ ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁþý

^

_

`N

`O

a

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ Þ˛šŠK ŠÝ¦ÞŞ E‡²LýhF

Ò¹²˛ÞþŁð˛ ײýŞ Ł¹²þÐð³LצłšÝş ¹−ݲ¹²¦ðþŁŞý˛Š˛−²š×ÞŞý −×þ½¦ÝšýIÞ˛−×K ¦ž −þݦ˛ý¦Š˛ SKS¹ ORB Šþˇ˛Łðþй²šðÝþŁþÝþðÞ˛

Ò¹²˛ÞþŁð˛ ײýŞŁ ¹²þÐð³LצłšÝş ¹³ŠÝ¦ÞšÞ¦šý²š×ýþýþ¹²˛ ײýŞ

Ò¹²˛ÞþŁð˛ ײýŞŁ ¹²þÐð³LצłšÝş ¹³ŠÝ¦ÞšÞ¦šý²š×ýþýþ¹²˛ ײýŞIÞ˛−×K ¦ž −þݦ˛ý¦Š˛ SKS¹ Šþˇ˛ŁðþÐ ORB¹²šðÝþŁþÝþðÞ˛

Ò¹²K ײýŞ Ł ¹²þÐð³LצłšÝş ¹ −×þŠÝšÞ¦šýÞ˛×³ŽÞK ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦šŁþłþ−×þ½¦ÝČ ¦ ž˛−þÝÞšÞ¦šý¦ž ý˛²š×¦˛Ý˛ ¹ Þ¦žðþвš−Ýþ−×þŁþŠÞþ¹²şćIÞ˛−×K −þݦ˛ý¦Š˛ SKS ¹ŠþˇK ORB ¹²šðÝþŁþÝþðÞ˛

MIMR

MIMT

MIMT

MIMT

K ≤ MIP ‡²LEýhFËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² � ŁŁþŠ¦²¹Č −צ þ²¹³²¹²Ł¦¦ ךž³Ýş²˛²þŁ ¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð K ˚²¦ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ŠšÐ¹²Ł¦²šÝşÞŞ ²þÝşðþ ŠÝČ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð ¹²š×ý¦₣š¹ð¦ý ײžŠšÝšÞ¦šý ¹²þÐð¦LצłšÝČ ¦ þðþÞÞþÐ ×˛ýŞI −צ ³¹ÝþŁ¦¦I ₣²þ ₣˛¹²ş Š×³łþłþ ýš²˛Ýݦ₣š¹ðþłþ −×þ½¦ÝČ Þš −š×š×ŞŁ˛š²³₣˛¹²þð ¹ ²š×ýþײž×ŞŁþýI þˇ×˛ž³Č ýþ¹²¦ð ¼þÝþŠ˛K ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²�ŠÝČ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ÐI Þš −ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝšÞÞŞ¼ Ł ²˛ˇÝ¦¾šI ŁŞ₣¦¹ÝČɲ¹Č¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ Þþ×ýš afk bk fpl NMMTTÀOK ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW éêbk NPVQT

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² Ψ� Ł¹²×þšÞÞŞ¼ Ł ½˛¹˛Š þ²ðתŁ˛ćğ¦¼¹Č ĆÝšýšÞ²þŁ

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| 51SchücoÒš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ËþĆ½½K Ψ�Ł¹²×þšÞÞK Ł ½˛¹˛Š þðþÞ −צ ³¹²K Ł ¹²þÐ𦠦 צłšÝ¦ -- Šš×šŁČÞÞK ¦ Šš×šŁþ˛ÝćýK −×þ½¦ÝšÐ

Ò¦− ¹þšŠ¦ÞšÞ¦Č

MIMO

Êžþˇ×˛ŽšÞ¦š

^

rã> OIM ‡²LEýOhF

_

rã≤ OIM ‡²LEýOhF

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²²š−Ýþ−š×šŠ˛₣¦ Þ˛

šŠK ŠÝ¦ÞŞ

MIMQ

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² � ŁŁþŠ¦²¹Č −צ þ²¹³²¹²Ł¦¦ ךž³Ýş²˛²þŁ

¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð ¦Ý¦ ײ¹₣š²˛K

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW éêbk NPVQT

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|52 Schüco ·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

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Page 54: строительные конструкции

| 53Schüco·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

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Page 55: строительные конструкции

|54 Schüco ·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

ÊÞ²šÞ¹¦ŁÞþ¹²ş ŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦ČŁš²×˛ Þ˛ ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞ³ćðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ć þ¾šÞ¦Ł˛š²¹Č −³²šýײ¹₣š²˛ Łš²×þŁŞ¼ Þ˛ł×³žþðI Łðþ²þ×þý ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛ć²¹Č−þÝþŽ¦²šÝşÞþš ¦ þ²×¦¾˛²šÝşÞþšŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦š Łš²×˛I ˛ ²˛ðŽš×˛žÝ¦₣ÞŞš ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²ŞK ‡²þý ₣¦¹ÝšI Łš²×þŁŞš Þ˛ł×³žð¦ž˛Ł¦¹Č² þ² ŁŞ¹þ²Ş žŠ˛Þ¦ČI

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Page 56: строительные конструкции

| 55Schüco·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

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|56 Schüco ·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

‡þžŠ³¼þ−×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²ş --Þšłš×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş þðþÞ ¦ ĞŁþŁýšŽŠ³ ¹²Łþ×ðþÐ ¦ ײýþÐK ‡þ−ךŠšÝšÞÞþÐ ¹²š−šÞ¦ ŁþžŠ³¼þÀ−×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²ş þðþÞ ¹−þ¹þˇ¹²ŁKÞšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþý³ ŁþžŠ³¼þþˇýšÞ³ Ł

−þýšğšÞ¦¦I ¹ Š×³łþÐ ¹²þ×þÞŞIþŠÞ˛ðþI žÞ˛₣¦²šÝşÞþ³ŁšÝ¦₣¦Ł˛š² ²š−Ýþ−þ²š×¦KËþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č −צ₣¦¹ÝČš²¹Č ðþ−ךŠšÝšÞÞþý³ ðݲ¹¹³ Þ˛þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦ þ²Þþ¹¦²šÝşÞþÐ

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·×˛½¦₣š¹ðþš ¦žþˇ×˛ŽšÞ¦š −ךŠšÝşÞ޼ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Ð −×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²¦ ĞŁþŁ −þ afk bk NOOMT

ýP

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VP SMM

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ÌצýšÞšÞ¦š

PK Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ²¦−˛ýš¹²Þþ¹²¦ÂŠ˛Þ¦š ŁþžŁþŠ¦²¹Č Þ˛ þðײ¦Þšłþ×þŠ˛ÂŠš¹şW ý˛²š×¦ðþŁ˛Č žþÞ˛

Ïˇ×˛žš¾ −צýšÞšÞ¦ČÌ×þšð²¦×³šýŞÐ þˇİšð² -- RÀ²¦Ć²˛ŽÞþš þ½¦¹Þþš žŠ˛Þ¦š ŁłKÓþ¹²þð ŁˇÝ¦ž¦ −þˇš×šŽşČfl˛Ý²¦Ð¹ðþłþ ýþ×ČK ÏðÞ˛³¹²˛Þ˛ŁÝ¦Ł˛ć²¹Č Þ˛ Q Ć²˛Žš Þ˛ŁŞ¹þ²š NNIRM ýK

NK Ï−ךŠK ŁŞ¹þ²Ş ³¹²˛ÞþŁð¦Ó˛¹¹²þČÞ¦š þ² Łš×¼Þšłþ ðײČײýŞ Šþ −þŁš×¼Þþ¹²¦ žšýݦWNNIRM ý

OK Ï−ךŠK žþÞŞ Łš²×K Þ˛ł×³žð¦-- ¹ýK ð˛×²³ žþÞ Łš²×þŁŞ¼Þ˛ł×³žþð ·š×ý˛Þ¦¦K Šš¹şW žþÞ˛Łš²×K Þ˛ł×³žð¦ O À ORIM ýL¹K

‡þžŠ³¼þ−×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²ş Eafk bk NOOMTF

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| 57Schüco·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

RK ‡Þš¹šÞ¦š −þݳ₣šÞÞþłþ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č

Â˛ğ¦²˛ þ² ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²¦þˇš¹−š₣¦Ł˛š² ðþý½þײ ŠÝČÞ˛¼þŠČğ¦¼¹Č Ł −þýšğšÞ¦¦ÝćŠšÐ ¦ −ךŠþ¼×˛ÞČš² ¹²×þ¦²KðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ þ² −þŁ×šŽŠšÞ¦ÐK ÔþŠÞþÐ ¹²þ×þÞŞI Þšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ−ךŠþ²Ł×˛²¦²ş −×þÞ¦ðÞþŁšÞ¦šŠþŽŠšŁþÐ ŁþŠŞ ŁÞ³²×ş žŠ˛Þ¦ČK Ԋ׳łþÐ ¹²þ×þÞŞI Ł −×þ¾š¹¹šĆð¹−ݳ˛²˛¾¦¦ žŠ˛Þ¦Č Þ˛ŁÞ³²×šÞÞ¦¼ −þŁš×¼Þþ¹²Č¼ ¦Ý¦

ϲÞþ¹¦²šÝşÞ˛Č ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²şŁþžŠ³¼˛ -- Ć²þ −×þ¾šÞ²Þþšþ²ÞþĞšÞ¦š ðþݦ₣š¹²Ł˛ ŁþŠČÞþłþ−˛×˛ EŁ ðłF Ł N ýP ŁþžŠ³¼˛ −צ²šý−š×˛²³×š q ð ý˛ð¹¦ý˛ÝşÞþŁþžýþŽÞþý³ ðþݦ₣š¹²Ł³ −˛×˛EÞ˛¹ŞğšÞ¦ćF −צ ²þÐ Žš²šý−š×˛²³×šK

ŁÞ³²×¦ ¹²×þ¦²K ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ÐýþŽš² þˇ×˛žþŁŞŁ˛²ş¹ČðþÞŠšÞ¹˛²K ‡¹ÝšŠ¹²Ł¦š Ć²þłþ −צþˇš¹−š₣šÞ¦¦ ²š−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦−˛×þÞš−×þÞ¦¾˛šýŞš ý˛²š×¦˛ÝŞ¹ÝšŠ³š² ײ¹−þݲł˛²ş ¹ ²š−ÝþÐI ˛−×þÞ¦¾˛šýŞš -- ¹ ¼þÝþŠÞþй²þ×þÞŞ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦K Ìצ޾¦−WŁÞ³²×¦ ¦¹−þÝşž³š²¹Č ýšÞšš−×þÞ¦¾˛šýŞÐ ý˛²š×¦˛ÝI ₣šý¹Þ˛×³Ž¦>

Â˛ğ¦²˛ þ² ŁÝ˛ł¦ ϲÞþ¹¦²šÝşÞ˛ČŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²ş ŁþžŠ³¼˛

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D ŁþžŠ³¼þ−×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²ş PX ²KšKðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ ðݲ¹¹˛ P ŠþÝŽÞŞþˇš¹−š₣¦Ł˛²ş ¦žþÝČ¾¦ć −צײžÞþ¹²¦ ¦¹−޲˛²šÝşÞ޼Š˛ŁÝšÞ¦ÐI ײŁÞþÐ SMM Ì˛ −þbk NOOMT

D Ò¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş ð Łš²×þŁŞýÞ˛ł×³žð˛ýW _PX ²KšK ý˛ð¹K−×þł¦ˇ äLOMM −צ ¦¹−޲˛²KŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦¦ NOMM Ì˛K

Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ ¦ ðݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦Č þðþÞ ¦ ŠŁš×šÐ Ł ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ Þþ×ý˛ý¦

‡Ş¹þ²˛ ³¹²˛ÞþŁð¦ þðþÞ N Ć²˛ŽW OIRM ý O Ć²˛ŽW RIRM ý P Ć²˛ŽW UIRM ý Q Ć²˛ŽW NNIRM ý

ÂþÞ˛ Łš²×þŁþÐ Þ˛ł×³žð¦ N O P Q R

f ff fff fsÒ¦− ýš¹²Þþ¹²¦

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O ^ERMF

P ^ENMMF

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_

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T ^EPMMF

P

ENOMMF

QK Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ðݲ¹¹˛ÔýK ²˛ˇÝ¦¾³ ?Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ ¦ðݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦Č þðþÞ ¦ ŠŁš×šÐŁ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ Þþ×ý˛ý¦?E¹ýK ²˛ˇÝK Þ˛ ¹²×K RQF

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D ł¦Š×þ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

D ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²şð Łš²×þŁŞý Þ˛ł×³žð˛ý

SK Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Ð ð −×þŁšŠK ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð ¦ ײ¹₣š²³

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|58 Schüco ·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

Ìצ −þÞ¦ŽšÞ¦¦ ²šý−š×˛²³×ŞŁþžŠ³¼˛ Šþ ¹²š−šÞ¦ Þ˛¹ŞğšÞ¦ČEþ²Þþ¹¦²šÝşÞ˛Č ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²ş ZNMMBF łþŁþ×Č² þ ²þ₣ðš ×þ¹ŞK„¹Ý¦ ²šý−š×˛²³×˛ ŁþžŠ³¼˛−˛Š˛š² Þ¦Žš ²þ₣ð¦ ×þ¹ŞIþˇ×˛ž³š²¹Č ðþÞŠšÞ¹˛²KËײ²ðþŁ×šýšÞÞþš ŁŞ−˛ŠšÞ¦šðþÞŠšÞ¹˛²˛ Þ˛ −þŁš×¼Þþ¹²¦¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞ޼ ðþÞ¹²é³ð¾¦ÐýþŽš² −צŁš¹²¦ ð −þŁ×šŽŠšÞ¦ć₣³Ł¹²Ł¦²šÝşÞ޼ ð ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²¦

¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞ޼ ý˛²š×¦˛ÝþŁKËײ²ðþŁ×šýšÞÞþš þˇ×˛žþŁ˛Þ¦šÞšžÞ˛₣¦²šÝşÞþłþ ðþݦ₣š¹²Ł˛ðþÞŠšÞ¹˛²˛ Šþ−³¹ð˛š²¹Č Þ˛−þŁš×¼Þþ¹²¦ ײý ¦ž ˛Ýćý¦Þ¦Č ¦Ì‡ÛI ˛ ²˛ðŽš Þ˛ ¹²šðÝšI š¹Ý¦−þŁš×¼Þþ¹²¦ Þš −þłÝþğ˛ć²ŁÝ˛ł³K ÔÝšŠ³š² þˇš¹−š₣¦²şž˛ğ¦²³ þ² ŁÝ˛ł¦ −צݚł˛ćğ¦¼ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ÐI ¦žłþ²þŁÝšÞÞŞ¼ ¦ž₣³Ł¹²Ł¦²šÝşÞ޼ ð ŁÝ˛łšý˛²š×¦˛ÝþŁK

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Òšý−š×˛²³×˛ ²þ₣ð¦ ×þ¹Ş Ł ϑpNF Ł ç` −צ þ²Þþ¹¦²šÝşÞþÐ ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²¦ ŁþžŠ³¼˛

Òšý−š×˛²³×˛ŁþžŠ³¼˛ϑi Ł

ç`

PM NMIR NOIV NQIV NSIU NUIQ OMIM ONIQ OOIT OPIV ORIN OSIO OTIO OUIO OVIN

PMB PRB QMB QRB RMB RRB SMB SRB TMB TRB UMB URB VMB VRB

OV VIT NOIM NQIM NRIV NTIR NVIM OMIQ ONIT OPIM OQIN ORIO OSIO OTIO OUIN

OU UIU NNIN NPIN NRIM NSIS NUIN NVIR OMIU OOIM OPIO OQIO ORIO OSIO OTIN

OT UIM NMIO NOIO NQIN NRIT NTIO NUIS NVIV ONIN OOIO OPIP OQIP ORIO OSIN

OS TIN VIQ NNIQ NPIO NQIU NSIP NTIS NUIV OMIN ONIO OOIP OPIP OQIO ORIN

OR SIO UIR NMIR NOIO NPIV NRIP NSIT NUIM NVIN OMIP ONIP OOIP OPIO OQIN

OQ RIQ TIS VIS NNIP NOIV NQIQ NRIU NTIM NUIO NVIP OMIP ONIP OOIP OPIN

OP QIR SIT UIT NMIQ NOIM NPIR NQIU NSIN NTIO NUIP NVIQ OMIP ONIP OOIO

OO PIS RIV TIU VIR NNIN NOIR NPIV NRIN NSIP NTIQ NUIQ NVIQ OMIP ONIO

ON OIU RIM SIV UIS NMIO NNIS NOIV NQIO NRIP NSIQ NTIQ NUIQ NVIP OMIO

OM NIV QIN SIM TIT NMIT NOIM NPIO NQIQ NRIQ NSIQ NTIQ NUIP NVIO

NV NIM PIO RIN SIU UIP VIU NNIN NOIP NPIQ NQIR NRIR NSIQ NTIP NUIO

NU MIO OIP QIO RIV TIQ UIU NMIN NNIP NOIR NPIR NQIR NRIQ NSIP NTIO

NT --MIS NIQ PIP RIM SIR TIV VIO NMIQ NNIR NOIR NPIR NQIR NRIP NSIO

NS --NIQ MIR OIQ QIN RIS TIM UIO VIQ NMIR NNIS NOIS NPIR NQIQ NRIO

NR --OIO --MIP NIR PIO QIT SIN TIP UIR VIS NMIS NNIS NOIR NPIQ NQIO

NQ --OIV --NIM MIS OIP PIT RIN SIQ TIR UIS VIS NMIS NNIR NOIQ NPIO

NP --PIT --NIV --MIN NIP OIU QIO RIR SIS TIT UIT VIS NMIR NNIQ NOIO

NO --QIR --OIS --NIM MIQ NIV PIO QIR RIT SIT TIT UIT VIS NMIQ NNIO

NN --RIO --PIQ --NIU --MIQ NIM OIP PIR QIT RIU SIT TIT UIS VIQ NMIO

NM --SIM --QIO --OIS --NIO MIN NIQ OIS PIT QIU RIU SIT TIS UIQ VIO

‡ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾š ³ð˛ž˛ÞŞ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č²šý−š×˛²³×Ş ²þ₣ð¦ ×þ¹Ş Łž˛Ł¦¹¦ýþ¹²¦ þ² ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²¦ ¦²šý−š×˛²³×Ş ŁþžŠ³¼˛K

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Òšý−š×˛²³×˛ ²þ₣ð¦ ×þ¹Ş ϑp Ł ž˛Ł¦¹¦ýþ¹²¦ þ² ²šý−š×˛²³×Ş ŁþžŠ³¼˛ϑi Ł °`¦ þ²Þþ¹¦²šÝşÞþÐ ŁÝ˛ŽÞþ¹²¦ ŁþžŠ³¼˛ ϕ

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| 59Schüco·š×ýš²¦₣Þþ¹²ş žŠ˛Þ¦Ð

Ìײð²¦ð˛ ¹²×þ¦²šÝş¹²Ł˛−þð˛ž˛Ý˛I ₣²þ −Ýš¹šÞş ¦ðþÞŠšÞ¹˛² þˇ×˛ž³ć²¹Č łÝ˛ŁÞŞýþˇ×˛žþý Ł þˇÝ˛¹²¦ ýþ¹²¦ðþŁ¼þÝþŠ˛K ÌþĆ²þý³ Þþ×ý˛ afkQNMUÀOI ¦žŠK Ł ý˛×²š OMMN łKI²×šˇ³š² ý¦Þ¦ý˛ÝşÞþвš−Ýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ Ł ýš¹²˛¼ŁþžÞ¦ðÞþŁšÞ¦Č ýþ¹²¦ðþŁ ¼þÝþŠ˛K

Ìצýš× W −צýŞð˛Þ¦šþðþÞÞþłþ ˇÝþð˛ ð −×þšý³Wı²þˇŞ −ךŠþ²Ł×˛²¦²ş þˇ×˛žÀš−Ýš¹šÞ¦ ¦ ðþÞŠšÞ¹˛²˛I Þšþˇ¼Kþˇš¹−š₣¦²ş −þŠŠš×Ž˛Þ¦š ý¦ÞK²šý−š×˛²³×Ş Ł þˇÝ˛¹²¦ ¹²ŞðþŁ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞ޼ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ÐK ‡?Ó³ðþŁþŠ¹²Łš −þ ýþÞ²˛Ž³?I¦žŠ˛ÞÞþý Ïˇğš¹²Łþý

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| 65SchücoÒ¹²×þй²Ł˛ ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²Ş

Íš²þŠ ײ¹₣š²˛ Ć½½šð²¦ŁÞþ¹²¦ž˛ğ¦²Ş þ² −š×šł×šŁ˛ Ł Ýš²ÞššŁ×šýČ

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|66 Schüco Ò¹²×þй²Ł˛ ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²Ş

ËþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² ³ýšÞşĞšÞ¦Č¦Þ²šÞ¹¦ŁÞþ¹²¦ ¹þÝÞš₣Þþłþ¦žÝ³₣šÞ¦Č cÅ

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‡ afk QNMUÀOW OMMPÀMT ³ð˛ž˛Þ޲¦−¦₣ÞŞš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č cÅ ŠÝČ³¹²×þй²Ł ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²ŞIðþ²þתš ýþł³² ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛²ş¹Č−צ −×þšð²¦×þŁ˛Þ¦¦K

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žÞ˛₣šÞ¦Č ðþĆ½½K cÅÒ¹²×þй²Łþ ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²Ş

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| 67SchücoÒ¹²×þй²Ł˛ ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²Ş

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|68 Schüco Ò¹²×þй²Ł˛ ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²Ş

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Page 70: строительные конструкции

| 69SchücoÒ¹²×þй²Ł˛ ¹þÝÞ¾šž˛ğ¦²Ş

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| 71SchücoÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

fiŁ²þ¹²×˛ŠŞ ¦ −þŠİšžŠÞŞš Šþ×þł¦ ð˛Ł²þ¹²×˛Š˛ý EŠþÝČ ł×³žþŁŞ¼˛Ł²þýþˇ¦ÝšÐ � ORBF

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‚þ×þł¦ ðþýý³Þ˛ÝşÞþłþ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦ČIþ¹ÞþŁÞŞš ý˛ł¦¹²×˛Ý¦ Eþ² O Šþ S −þÝþ¹IŠþÝČ ł×³žþŁŞ¼ ˛Ł²þýþˇ¦ÝšÐ � NMBF

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ˆ˛ł NW ŁŞ₣¦¹ÝšÞ¦š ךݚŁ˛Þ²Þþłþ ³×þŁÞČ ŁÞšĞÞšłþ гý˛

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|72 Schüco ÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

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afk QNMV Ł ž˛Ł¦¹¦ýþ¹²¦ þ²¦ýšćğšłþ¹Č ¦Ý¦ þŽ¦Š˛šýþłþ?ךݚŁ˛Þ²Þþłþ ³×þŁÞČ ŁÞšĞÞšłþгý˛? ³¹²˛Þ˛ŁÝ¦Ł˛š² Þš¹ðþÝşðþ³×þŁÞšÐ гýÞþ¹²¦K

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OF ÒךˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ¹ÝšŠ³š² ³¹²˛Þ˛ŁÝ¦Ł˛²ş ¹³₣š²þý ýš¹²Þ޼ ³¹ÝþŁ¦ÐK

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| 73SchücoÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

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oDtIêÉë Z À NM äÖ NLpþˇğKEpN ñ NMEÀoDtIN

LNMF H pO ñ NMEÀoDtIO

LNMF H pP ñ NMEÀoDtIP

LNMF H KKK Hpu ñ NMEÀoDtIñ

LNMF F

pþˇğK Z pN H pO H pP H KKKK H pñ

‡ ž˛Ł¦¹¦ýþ¹²¦ þ² þ−ךŠšÝČšýþÐ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ Þ˛ ŠŁš ŠšÝ¦²šÝşÞŞš −þŁš×¼Þþ¹²¦ −þݳ₣˛šýW

oDtIoO Z À NM xäÖ ENLpO ñ EpþˇğK ñ NM EoDtIêÉë

LNMF � pN ñ NM EoDtIoN

LNMFFFz

oDtIoO Z � NM xäÖ ENLQIO ñ ENMIQ ñ NM ÀQIR � SIO ñ NM�ÀQIRF

otIoO Z QO Šfl E^F

Óšž³Ýş²˛² ¹þŁ−˛Š˛š² ¹ −þð˛ž˛²šÝšý žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦I ³ð˛ž˛ÞÞŞý Ł ²˛ˇÝ¦¾šK

Ó˛¹Ğ¦½×þŁð˛WpN Z −Ýþğ˛Šş Þ˛×³ŽÞþÐ þł×˛ŽŠ˛ćğšÐ

ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ E¹²šÞ˛W SIO ýOFpO Z −Ýþğ˛Šş ¦¹¹ÝšŠ³šýþÐ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

EþðÞþW QIO ýOFpþˇğK Z þˇğ˛Č −Ýþğ˛Šş þł×˛ŽŠ˛ćğšÐ ðþÞ¹²×³¾¦¦

EþðÞþH¹²šÞ˛W NMIQ ýOF

Ìצýš× ײ¹₣š²þŁI Ğ˛ł QWpþˇğK Z QIMM ñ OISM Z NMIQM ýO

pþðÞ˛ Z O ñ NIQM ñ NIRM Z QIOM ýO

~þðÞ˛ Z QIOM LNMIQM Z QM B

„¹Ý¦ −צÞČ²ş ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦oDtIoN Z RM Šfl E^FI

²þ žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š ŠÝČ ŁÞšĞޚР¹²šÞŞ Þ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦ Š˛ÞÞŞ¼ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş NM ײŁÞþW²×šˇK oDtIoOZ QM Šfl E^F

oDtIêÉë Z ŽšÝ˛šý˛Č ¦²þłþŁ˛Č žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦ČQR Šfl E^F

oDtIoN Z žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č þ²ŠšÝşÞþÐ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦EÔ²šÞ˛W RM Šfl E^FF

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk QNMVI ²˛ˇÝ¦¾˛ NM

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|74 Schüco ÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

Ìצýš×Ş ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð −þŁþ×þ²Þ޼I þ²ð¦ŠÞ޼ ¦ −þŁþ×þ²ÞþÀ�þ²ð¦ŠÞ޼ þðþÞ EŠŁš×šÐF ¦ łÝ³¼þłþ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č¹ þ¾šÞ¦Ł˛šýŞý ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ²þý žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ oï þ² OR Šþ QT Šfl Eý¦Þ¦ý˛ÝşÞ˛Č ðþý−Ýšð²˛¾¦ČF

̚ךŠ ŁŞˇþ×þý ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦¹ÝšŠ³š² þ−ךŠšÝ¦²şI ŁŞ−þÝÞČš²Ý¦ þÞ˛ −ךŠİČŁÝČšýŞš²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦ČK ÌþŠ²Łš×Š¦²ş¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦š ýþŽÞþ ŠŁ³ýČ¹−þ¹þˇ˛ý¦W

˛F −þŠ²Łš×ŽŠšÞ¦š ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦Čˇšž ¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞþÀ˛ð³¹²¦₣š¹ð¦¼¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð‚ÝČ ŁŞˇþײ þ²Łš₣˛ć𦼲ךˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čý ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð ŁÌצÝþŽšÞ¦¦ N ð Þþ×ýš afk QNMV

−ךŠÝþŽšÞŞ ×˛žÝ¦₣ÞŞš −³²¦K ‡ł×˛½š P −צŁšŠšÞŞ ²þ₣ÞŞš²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č 𠹲׳ð²³×š þðþÞÞŞ¼ˇÝþðþŁ ¦ þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦ČI −צ ¹þˇÝKðþ²þת¼ Šþ¹²¦ł˛š²¹Č ŽšÝ˛šýŞÐðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² oDtIoK

oD ïI oŁ Šfl

ÒךˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ð ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦þðþÞÞŞ¼ ˇÝþðþŁ ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞ¼ ²¦−þŁ

OR

Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

Ì×þ¹²þš þðÞþ ÏðÞþ ¹ ŠŁþÐÞŞý þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šý ÏðÞþ ¹ ŠŁK ײýK

¹þ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þý ¹ O −×þ¹²Şý¦¹²šðݲý¦

¹ O −×þ¹²Şý¦ ¦Ý¦ N−×þ¹²Şý ¹²šðÝþý ¦

N ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þý

N −×þ¹²Şý ¹²šðÝþý ¦N ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þý

1) 2) 1)2) 1)2) 1)2)1)

2)

ˆ˛ł RW ‡Şˇþ× ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³ćğšłþ þðÞ˛

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ O ≥ S ýý ≥ S ýý Þš² Þš²

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ ≥ U ýý Þš² Þš² Þš²

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ OT Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ Þš ²×šˇ³š²¹Č Þš ²×šˇ³š²¹Č Þš ²×šˇ³š²¹Č Þš ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

PM

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ O ≥ S ýý ≥ S ýý ≥ S ýý Þš²

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ ≥ NO ýý ≥ PM ýý ≥ PM ýý Þš²

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ PM Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č Þš ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

PO

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ O ≥ U ýý ≥ U ýý ≥ Q ýý H QLNOLQ Þš²

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ ≥ NS ýý ≥ PM ýý ≥ PM ýý Þš²

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ PO Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

PR

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ O ≥ NM ýý ≥ U ýý ≥ S ýý H QLNOLQ Þš²

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ ≥ NS ýý ≥ QM ýý ≥ QM ýý Þš²

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ PR Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

PT

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ ≥ NQ ýý ≥ NM ýý ≥ S ýý H SLNOLQ ≥ U ýý ݦˇþ ≥ Q ýý H QLNOLQ

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ ≥ OM ýý ≥ QM ýý ≥ QM ýý ≥ NMM ýý

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ PV Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

QM

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ � ≥ NQ ýý ≥ U ýý H SLNOLQ ≥ U ýý ݦˇþ≥ S ýý H QLNOLQ

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ � ≥ RM ýý ≥ RM ýý ≥ NMM ýý

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ QQ Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ NF H OF²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF²×šˇ³š²¹Č

QO

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ � ≥ NS ýý ≥ U ýý H ULNOLQ ≥ NM ýý ݦˇþ≥ U ýý H QLNOLQ

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ � ≥ RM ýý ≥ RM ýý ≥ NMM ýý

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK ≥ QV Šfl � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

QR

ÏˇğK ²þÝğK ¹²šðݲ � ≥ NU ýý ≥ U ýý H ULNOLQ ≥ NO ýý ݦˇþ≥ U ýý H SLNOLQ

Ó˛¹¹²K ýK ¹²šðݲý¦ � ≥ SM ýý ≥ SM ýý ≥ NMM ýý

otI mI ¹²šðÝþ þ¹²šðÝK � � � �

Ò−Ýþ²ÞšÞ¦š ½˛Ýş¾˛ � NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č NF H OF ²×šˇ³š²¹Č

QU Ï−ךŠšÝ¦²ş ³Þ¦Łš×¹K −˛×˛ýš²×Ş ÞšŁþžýþŽÞþW −צłþŠÞþ¹²ş ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ 𠦹−K −×þŁš×K ¹þłÝK afk ROONM

oïI mI ¹²šðÝþ Z Š˛ÞÞŞš ݲˇþײ²þ×ÞŞ¼ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð ¹²šðݲ þˇŞ₣Þþłþ ײžýš×˛ ENIOP ý ñ NIQU ýF

NF Þš ýšÞšš þŠÞþłþ −×þ¼þŠČğšłþ −þ −š×¦ýš²×³ Ćݲ¹²¦₣Þþłþ ³−Ýþ²Þ¦²šÝČI ð˛ð −ײŁ¦ÝþI ¹×šŠÞšłþ

OF ŠŁ˛ −×þ¼þŠČ𦼠−þ −š×¦ýš²×³ Ćݲ¹²¦₣ÞŞ¼ ³−Ýþ²Þ¦²šÝČI ð˛ð −ײŁ¦ÝþI þŠ¦Þ ¹×šŠÞ¦Ð ¦ þŠ¦Þ ŁÞ³²×šÞަР¦Ý¦ þŠ¦Þ ŁÞšĞÞK ¦ þŠ¦Þ ŁÞ³²×K

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW afk QNMVI

ÌצÝþŽšÞ¦š N

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| 75SchücoÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ˇF Ì×þŁš×ð˛ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦Č −³²šý−×þŁšŠšÞ¦Č ¹²×þ¦²KÀ�˛ð³¹²¦₣K¦žýš×šÞ¦Ð

ÔÝšŠ³š² ײžÝ¦₣˛²ş ŠŁ˛ŁþžýþŽÞ޼ ýš²þŠ˛ ¦žýš×šÞ¦ÐW

NK β ¦¹−޲˛²šÝşÞ޼ ¹²šÞŠ˛¼ ¹¼˛×˛ð²š×K ŁšÝ¦₣¦ÞþÐ otIm

OK Ï−ךŠK −צłþŠÞþ¹²¦ −þ¹Ýš³¹²˛ÞþŁð¦ Þ˛ ¹²×þ¦²K þˇİšð²š ¹¼˛×˛ð²š×K ŁšÝ¦₣¦ÞþÐ otI_

Êž ŠŁ³¼ ¼˛×˛ð²š×¦ž³ćğ¦¼ŁšÝ¦₣¦Þ otIm ¦ otI_ ŁŞŁþŠ¦²¹ČÞšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþš ŠÝČ Š˛ÝşÞšÐЦ¼ŁŞ₣¦¹ÝšÞ¦Ð ײ¹₣š²Þþš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦šotIoK ‚ÝČ Ć²þłþ ŁŁþŠ¦²¹Č−×þ¦žŁþŠÞ˛ČI ðþ²þ×˛Č ŠþÝŽÞ˛þˇš¹−š₣¦²ş ¹þˇÝćŠšÞ¦š¦žýš×šÞÞŞ¼ ŁšÝ¦₣¦Þ Ł ³¹ÝþŁ¦Č¼¹²×þ¦²šÝş¹²Ł˛K

otIo Z otI_

otIo Z otIm �−×þ¦žŁþŠÞ˛ČŁšÝ¦₣¦Þ˛

Z �O Šfl ŠÝČ þðþÞZ �R Šfl ŠÝČ ŠŁš×šÐ

Ì×þŁþŠČğ˛Č ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Čþ׳˛Þ¦ž˛¾¦Č ŠþÝŽÞ˛ ˇŞ²şŁÞš¹šÞ˛ Ł ?Ô−¦¹þð Ćð¹−š×²Þ޼¦¹−޲˛²šÝşÞ޼ þ׳˛Þ¦ž˛¾¦ÐI−צžÞ˛Ł˛šý޼ þ׳˛Þ˛ý¦¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞþłþ ðþÞ²×þÝČ?I ¦¦ýš²ş ײž×šĞšÞ¦š Þ˛þ¹³ğš¹²ŁÝšÞ¦š ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð Þ˛¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦š ¦ −×þŁš×ð³ð˛₣š¹²Ł˛ ¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ afk QNMVK˚²þ² ¹−¦¹þ𠦞Š˛š²¹Č·š×ý˛Þ¹ð¦ý ¦Þ¹²¦²³²þý¹²×þ¦²šÝşÞþÐ ²š¼Þ¦ð¦I flš×ݦÞK

ÏðÞ˛ −ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝČć² ¹þˇþвþÝşðþ þŠÞ³ ¦ž −×þ−³¹ð˛ćğ¦¼Ğ³ý ₣˛¹²šÐ ײ¹¹ý˛²×¦Ł˛šýþй²×þ¦²šÝşÞþÐ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦K

‡ ¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²Þ޼ ¹Ý³₣˛Č¼ðþĆ½½¦¾¦šÞ² žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦þðþÞ þ−ךŠšÝČš²¹Č Þ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦²˛ˇÝ¦¾ ¦ Š¦˛ł×˛ýý afk QNMVK

Óšžćýš

˚²˛− RW ‡Şˇþ× ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³ćğšłþ þðÞ˛

Ìצ þ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦¦ ךݚŁ˛Þ²Þþłþ³×þŁÞČ ŁÞšĞÞšłþ гý˛Þšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ þˇ×˛²¦²ş¹Č Ł ˇć×þ˛ð³¹²¦ð¦ ¦Ý¦ ð ¦ÞŽšÞš×³À˛ð³¹²¦ð³I ₣²þˇŞ ³₣š¹²ş Ł¹šŁþžýþŽÞŞš гýþŁŞšŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦ČK

β×ČŠ³ ¹ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čý¦ ðþðþÞÞþý³ ˇÝþð³ Š˛ÞÞ˛Č Þþ×ý˛½þ×ý³Ý¦×³š² ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ðŽ˛Ý枦 ¦ −×þ₣¦ý ¹ŁČž˛ÞÞŞý ¹þðÞþý ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ČýK

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|76 Schüco ÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

‚˛ÞÞ˛Č ¦Þ¹²×³ð¾¦Č þ−¦¹ŞŁ˛š²Ł¹š Ł˛ŽÞŞš ½˛ð²þתI ŁÝ¦Čćğ¦šÞ˛ žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦ć þðþÞ ¦Šþ−þÝÞ¦²šÝşÞ޼ ³¹²×þй²Ł ðÞ¦ýK Òךˇ³šýŞš −þð˛ž˛²šÝ¦žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦I þ−ךŠšÝČšýŞšÞ˛ þ¹ÞþŁ˛Þ¦¦ Š˛ÞÞþЦ޹²×³ð¾¦¦I Þš ¹ÝšŠ³š²þ²þŽŠš¹²ŁÝČ²ş ¹ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Čý¦Þþ×ýŞ afk QNMVK‡ þ²Ý¦₣¦š þ² afk QNMVI Ł safOTNV −צ ¦¹¹ÝšŠþŁ˛Þ¦Č¼¦¹¼þŠ¦Ý¦ ¦ž ˇþÝšš ²þ₣Þþ³¹²˛ÞþŁÝšÞÞþłþ ³×þŁÞČ Ğ³ý˛ŁÞ³²×¦ −þýšğšÞ¦ČI Þ˛ þ¹ÞþŁšðþ²þ×þłþ þ−ךŠšÝČݲ¹ş²×šˇ³šý˛Č žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦þÞÞ˛Č¹−þ¹þˇÞþ¹²ş ŁÞšĞÞ¦¼ ¹²šÞþŁŞ¼ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð ¦ þðþÞÞŞ¼ ˇÝþðþŁK

Ô½š×˛ −צýšÞšÞ¦Č

saf OTNV −צýšÞČš²¹Č Ł þˇÝ˛¹²¦×š¹²˛Ł×˛¾¦¦ ¹²˛×޼ žŠ˛Þ¦Ð ¦ Ł¹ŁČž¦ ¹ ž˛ðÝć₣šÞ¦šý ł×˛ŽŠKÀ−ײŁþŁŞ¼ ŠþłþŁþ×þŁKÊÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č −ךŠ−þݲł˛š²¹þˇÝćŠšÞ¦š ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Ð ˇþÝššŁŞ¹þðþłþ −þ×ČŠð˛I Þ˛Ý¦₣¦š¹−š¾¦˛ÝşÞ޼ žÞ˛Þ¦Ð −þ ˛ð³¹²¦ðš¦ ¹þþ²ŁK þ−޲˛K flݲłþŠ˛×Č ³₣š²³¹¦²³˛¾¦¦ Ł ýš¹²š ¹²×þ¦²šÝş¹²Ł˛I¹Łþй²Ł −þýšğšÞ¦Ð ¦ ¹−šð²×˛₣˛¹²þ² ŁÞšĞÞšłþ гý˛ŁŞ₣¦¹ÝšÞ¦š ²×šˇ³šýþłþ ³×þŁÞČгýþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ Š˛š² ˇþÝšš²þ₣ÞŞš ךž³Ýş²˛²ŞK ˚²þþ¹þˇšÞÞþ Ł˛ŽÞþI š¹Ý¦ žŠ˛Þ¦šÞ˛¼þŠ¦²¹Č Ł ¾šÞ²×š łþ×þŠ˛ ¦Ý¦ŁˇÝ¦ž¦ ˛Ć×þŠ×þýþŁ À ŁŁ¦Š³ˇþÝşĞþÐ Šþݦ ¦Þ½×˛Þ¦žð¦¼₣˛¹²þ²I ²×šˇ³šýŞÐ ³×þŁšÞşžŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ −þŁŞĞ˛š²¹Č −×¦Ć²þý Þ˛ S ŠflK

Ú¦ž¦₣š¹ð¦š ŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦Č

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ý˛¹¹˛ Þ˛ šŠK −Ýþğ˛Š¦ Ł ýDD Þ˛ ðłLýO

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ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW saf OTNV

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| 77SchücoÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

ʹ²þ₣Þ¦ðW ÏˇþˇğšÞ¦š ¹ŁšŠšÞ¦Ð ²˛ˇÝ¦¾ OHP −þ ÊÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ saf OTNVNF ÏŠ¦Þ˛×Þþš þðÞþ ¹þ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þý ŠÝČ ðݲ¹¹˛ R ¹ÝšŠ³š² −þŠŁš×łÞ³²ş −×þŁš×ðš Þ˛ ¹²šÞŠš Ł ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ afk RO ONMKOF Ͳð¹¦ý˛ÝşÞþ Ć½½šð²¦ŁÞþš гýþ−þŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦š ŠšýþÞ¹²×¦×³ć² þðÞ˛ ¹ ŠŁþÐÞŞý −š×š−Ýš²þýK

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R QR À QV ≥ QT NF

S ≥ RM ≥ RO OF

Ìצ ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦¦ýÞþłþð˛ýš×ÞŞ¼ ¹²šðÝþ−˛ðš²þŁÞšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ ³₣¦²ŞŁ˛²şI ₣²þ Þ˛³×þŁšÞş žŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ ŁÝ¦Čš²ž˛−þÝÞČćğ¦Ð ýšŽ¹²šðþÝşÞþš−×þ¹²×˛Þ¹²Łþ ł˛žK ‡ ²þ Žš Ł×šýČ−þŠ₣š×ð¦Ł˛š²¹Č ×þÝşÞš−×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²¦ ĞŁþŁ ð˛ð½˛ð²þײI Ł˛ŽÞþłþ ŠÝČ−þݳ₣šÞ¦Č ¼þ×þĞšłþ ךž³Ýş²˛²˛KÏŠÞþžÞ˛₣Þ˛Č ž˛Ł¦¹¦ýþ¹²şžŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦¦ þ² ¹²š−šÞ¦ŁþžŠ³¼þ−×þÞ¦¾˛šýþ¹²¦ ĞŁþŁ ÞšŁŞČŁÝšÞ˛K

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|78 Schüco ÂŁ³ðþ¦žþÝČ¾¦Č

‡¦Š −þýšğšÞ¦Č

NK Ô−˛ÝşÞŞš −þýšğK Ł Þþ₣Þþš Ł×šýČ OF

NKN Ł ×ÀÞ˛¼ ¹ ¦¹ðÝKL −ך¦ýK Ž¦ÝK ž˛¹²×Kýš¹²˛ ײ¹−K ˇþÝşÞ¦¾ ¦ þžŠþ×þŁK ³₣×K

NKO Ł Ý桪¼ Š×³ł¦¼ ײÐþÞ˛¼

ҹךŠÞšÞÞŞÐ ³×þŁšÞşiã

NF Ł ŠflÔךŠÞ¦Ð ý˛ð¹K ³×þŁšÞş

iý˛ð¹K Ł Šfl

^ þ¾šÞK

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PK ÌþýšğK ŠÝČ −š×šłþŁþ×þŁ ¦ ײˇþ₣KŁ ŠÞšŁÞþš Ł×šýČ

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|100 Schüco Ò¹²×þй²Ł˛ ŠŞýþ- ¦ ²š−Ýþþ²ŁþŠ˛

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| 101SchücoÒ¹²×þй²Ł˛ ŠŞýþ- ¦ ²š−Ýþþ²ŁþŠ˛

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Page 104: строительные конструкции

| 103SchücoÒ¹²×þй²Ł˛ ŠŞýþ- ¦ ²š−Ýþþ²ŁþŠ˛

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ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþ _N afk ROOVM ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣ÞK ¹²šðÝþ mQ^ afk bk PRS

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þðÞþ L ŠŁš×şthO

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣ÞK þðÞþ LŠŁš×şpc fs L pq fs

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þðÞþ L ŠŁš×şbcO L bqO

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þðÞþ L ŠŁš×şthP

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþ _O afk ROOVM ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣ÞK ¹²šðÝþ mR^ afk bk PRS

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣ÞK þðÞþ LŠŁš×şpc s L pq s

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þðÞþ L ŠŁš×şbcP L bqP

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þðÞþ L ŠŁš×şthQ

Ú³×Þ¦²³×˛ ËÌÏ ¦ Šþ−þÝÞ¦²šÝşÞŞš ĆÝšýšÞ²ŞI−þŁŞĞ˛ć𦚠ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş

D ³¹²K ð −þ−޲ð˛ý ŁžÝþý˛ ¹þ ¹²þ×þÞŞ−×þ½š¹¹¦þÞ˛ÝşÞK −ך¹²³−Þ¦ðþŁI ¦¹−K Ł Šþ−K ðÞ˛žŁ˛ÞÞŞý Ł þ−¦¹˛Þ¦¦ pc äs ¦Þ¹²×³ýšÞ²˛ý ð׳−ÞK³Š˛×ÞŞš ¦Þ¹²×³ýšÞ²Ş ¦ Š×³łþš þ¹Þ˛ğšÞ¦š

Ï−Ş²ÞŞÐ −ך¹²³−Þ¦ðŠþ−þÝÞ¦²šÝşÞþ ¦¹−þÝşž³š² −¦ÝşÞŞÐ¦ ³Š˛×ÞŞÐ ¦Þ¹²×³ýšÞ²I Þ˛−צýš×I²þ−þ×I ž³ˇ¦ÝþI ŠþÝþ²þI ˛ ²˛ðŽš˛ðð³ý³ÝČ²þ×Þ³ć�Š×šÝşK

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþ _P afk ROOVM ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣ÞK ¹²šðÝþ mS_ afk bk PRS

Ï−ךŠšÝšÞ¦š ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞ¼ Þþ×ý ŠÝČ þðþÞ ¦ ŠŁš×šÐ

Page 107: строительные конструкции

|106 Schüco ‡žÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþafk ROOVMΚ−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþš ¹²šðÝþW ðݲ¹¹ ^KÔ²˛ÝşÞþÐ Ğ˛× Łš¹þý QNNM ł ÞšŠþÝŽšÞ Þ˛¹ðŁþžş −×þˇ¦²ş ¹²šðÝþ−צ −˛ŠšÞ¦¦ ¹ þ−ךŠšÝšÞÞþÐŁŞ¹þ²ŞK ˆ˛× ŠþÝŽšÞ ³Š˛×¦²ş¹Čþˇ þˇ×˛žš¾ ²×¦ ײž˛KËݲ¹¹ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦D ^N

� −צ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Č¼ Ğ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ŁŞ¹þ²Ş PIR ý

D ^OĞ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞSIR ý

D ^PĞ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞVIR ý

Κ−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþš ¹²šðÝþW ðݲ¹¹ _Ëþݦ₣š¹²Łþ ³Š˛×þŁ ²þ−þײIÞšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþš ŠÝČ ²þłþI ₣²þˇŞ−×þˇ¦²ş þ²Łš×¹²¦š QMM ñ QMM ýý\Ìצ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦¦ −þž˛½¦ð¹¦×þŁ˛ÞÞþý³ ¹²šðÝ³Þ˛Þþ¹Č²¹Č ³Š˛×Ş ²þ−þ×þýKËݲ¹¹ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦D _N ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² PMÀRM

³Š˛×˛ý ²þ−þײD _O ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² RNÀTM

³Š˛×˛ý ²þ−þײD _P ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² [ TM ³Š˛×˛ý

²þ−þײ

ÔײŁÞ¦Ł ¦ýšćğ¦š¹Č ×šž³Ýş²˛²Ş¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð ¹ Š˛ÞÞŞý¦ðþ×ךÝČ¾¦þÞÞþÐ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾ŞI ýþŽÞþ

ÔײŁÞšÞ¦š ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞ¼ Þþ×ý ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦

Ëݲ¹¹ Þ˛ŠšŽÞþ¹²¦ −þ ðÝKSchüco pk MVKVRÀTV

o^iÀodSMT L NP

afk s NUMRQLafk s NUNMP

afk s bks NSOT

Ô²šðÝþafk ROOVM

Ô²šðÝþafk ROOVM

Ô²šðÝþafk bk PRS

SF / ST I

SF / ST II

SF / ST III

SF / ST IV

SF / ST V

ISO

A1 -- A3

B1

B2

B3

^ep ENMMÎýF

^ep EPMMÎýF

bc N L bqN

bc O L bq O

bc P L bq P

_N

_O

_P

th N mO^

th O mQ^

th P mR^

th Q mS_

th R mT_

th S mU_

¹þłÝK

afk ROOVM

E^NF

E^PF

EaeQF

E_NF

E_OF

E_PF

ÒŠ˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþafk bk PRSÔ²˛ÝşÞþÐ Ğ˛× Łš¹þý QNNM ł ÞšŠþÝŽšÞ Þ˛¹ðŁþžş −×þˇ¦²ş ¹²šðÝþ−צ −˛ŠšÞ¦¦ ¹ þ−×K ŁŞ¹þ²ŞKËݲ¹¹ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦D mN^Ğ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞNIR ý

D mO^Ğ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞPIM ý

D mP^Ğ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞSIM ý

D mQ^Ğ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞVIM ý

D mO^Ğ˛× −˛Š˛š² ¹ ŁŞ¹þ²ŞVIM ý

Ëþݦ₣š¹²Łþ ³Š˛×þŁ ²þ−þײIÞšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþš ŠÝČ ²þłþI ₣²þˇŞ−×þˇ¦²ş þ²Łš×¹²¦š QMM ñ QMM ýý\Ìצ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦¦ −þž˛½¦ð¹¦×þŁ˛ÞÞþý³ ¹²šðÝ³Þ˛Þþ¹Č²¹Č ³Š˛×Ş ²þ−þ×þýKËݲ¹¹ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦D mS_ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² PMÀRM

³Š˛×˛ý ²þ−þײD mT_ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² RNÀTM

³Š˛×˛ý ²þ−þײD mU_ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³š² [ TM

³Š˛×˛ý ²þ−þײ

ŁŞˇ×˛²ş þŠ¦Þ ¦ž þ−¦¹˛ÞÞŞ¼ðݲ¹¹þŁ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦K

Page 108: строительные конструкции

| 107Schüco‡žÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş

‚šÐ¹²Ł³ć𦚠Þþ×ýŞ ³ð˛žŞŁ˛ć²Þ˛ ²þI ₣²þ Þ˛×ČŠ³ ¹þŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²şć ŠŁš×šÐ¦Ý¦ þðþÞ Þšþˇ¼þŠ¦ýþ þˇš¹−š₣¦²şŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş Þš¹³ğšÐðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦W Ć²þ þžÞ˛₣˛š²I ₣²þ

Ò¹²˛ÞþŁð˛ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦ŁŞ¼ ĆÝšýšÞ²þŁ Ł ¹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł¦¦ ¹ Š˛ÞÞŞý¦ ¹ÝšŠK ²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş

SF I / ST I

SF II / ST II

SF III / ST III

SF IV / ST IV

SF V / ST V

SchücoËݲ¹¹

Þ˛ŠšŽÞþ¹²¦

Ô²šÞŞ

DIN V 18054DIN V 18103DIN V ENV 1627

ðݲŠð˛afk NMRP ₣˛¹²ş N

ŽšÝšžþˇš²þÞafk NMQR

ÎþýK ²þÝğKýý

ËÝK −×þ₣ÞK−צ ¹Ž˛²¦¦

ð¦×−¦₣˛

Ͳ×ð˛×˛¹²Łþײ

ÎþýK ²þÝğKýý

Ëݲ¹¹−×þ₣Þþ¹²¦

WK1

EF1 / ET1 / WK2

EF2 / ET2 / WK3

EF3 / ET3 / WK4

≥ NNR

≥ OQM

≥ NO ff

≥ NMM

≥ NOM

≥ NQM

_ NR

Ëݲ¹¹ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²K −þ

ÔÝšŠ³š² −þŁŞ¹¦²ş −×þ₣Þþ¹²ş³¹²þ²šÝ޼ ¦ þˇÝšł₣šÞÞŞ¼ˇÝþðþŁK

Ó˛ýÞŞš −×þ½¦Ý¦

ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Ł˛Č

½³×Þ¦²³×˛

ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþš

¹²šðÝþ

ËþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č ¦ ðþݦ₣š¹²Łþ

ðך−šŽ˛

ÊÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ −þ

¦žłþ²þŁÝšÞ¦ć ¦

ýþÞ²˛Ž³

Ô²×þ¦²šÝşÞ˛Č ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č

˚ÝšýšÞ²Ş ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦ŁŞ¼ þðþÞI ŠŁš×šÐ ¦ ½˛¹˛ŠþŁ

ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č ¦ ðþݦ₣š¹²Łþðך−šŽ˛I ýþÞ²˛ŽI ŁŞ−þÝÞšÞ¦š³žÝþŁ −צýŞð˛Þ¦Č ð −×þšý˛ý ¦Iײž³ýšš²¹ČI ¹˛ý ðþ×−³¹ žŠ˛Þ¦ČŠþÝŽÞŞ þ²Łš₣˛²ş ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦ČýÞþ×ýŞK

²ðך−ÝšÞ¦š Ł −×þšýšË˛ŽŠþý³ ĆÝšýšÞ²³I½¦ð¹¦×³ćğšý³ ¹²Łþ×ð³ Ł ײýšE−š²ÝČýI ½¦ð¹˛²þײýI ˇÝþð¦×K ¦²K−KF ŠþÝŽÞþ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²ŁþŁ˛²ş −þýšÞşĞšÐ ýš×š þŠÞþ ¹þšŠ¦ÞšÞ¦š×˛ýŞ ¹ ðþ×−³¹þý žŠ˛Þ¦ČKͲð¹¦ý˛ÝşÞþš ײ¹¹²þČÞ¦šýšŽŠ³ ĆÝšýšÞ²˛ý¦ ðך−ÝšÞ¦Č¹ÝšŠ³š² ¹þˇÝ抲²ş ¦ −צ³¹²˛ÞþŁðš łÝ³¼¦¼ ˇÝþðþŁK

Page 109: строительные конструкции

|108 Schüco ̳ݚޚ−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýŞš ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

̳ݚޚ−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýŞš ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

βŠšŽÞ˛Č ž˛ğ¦²˛ þ²þłÞš¹²×šÝşÞþłþ þ׳Ž¦Č

ÊýšÞÞþ Ł þˇİšð²Þþý¹²×þ¦²šÝş¹²Łš ˇþÝşĞþÐ ¹−×þ¹Þ˛¼þŠČ² Þš ²þÝşðþŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦ŁŞšI Þþ ¦−³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýŞšðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦K fl˛Þ𦠦 ¹²×˛¼þŁŞšðþý−˛Þ¦¦I −þ₣²þŁŞš þ²ŠšÝšÞ¦ČIłþ¹³Š˛×¹²ŁšÞÞŞš ³₣ךŽŠšÞ¦ČIý˛ł˛ž¦ÞŞ ×þžÞ¦₣ÞþÐ ²þ׳þŁÝ¦ ¦ýÞþłþš Š×³łþšK

Schüco −ךŠÝ˛ł˛š² ¹¦¹²šýŞIþ²Łš₣˛ćğ¦š Ć²¦ý ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦ČýKÓ˛ž³ýšš²¹ČI ¦ žŠš¹şðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č Ł¹š¼ ðþý−þÞšÞ²þŁ¹¦¹²šý −þÝÞþ¹²şć ¹þłÝ˛¹þŁ˛Þ˛I˛ łþ²þŁŞš ˇÝþ𦠹þþ²Łš²¹²Ł³ć²−þÝþŽšÞ¦Čý ²š¼ÞK ˇšžþ−˛¹Þþ¹²¦K

Ïˇžþ× Þþ×ý ¦ ¦Þ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð

D afk bk NROO̳ݚޚ−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýŞš þðÞ˛IŠŁš×¦ ¦ þł×˛ŽŠK ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

D afk bk NMSPÔ−š¾K −³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþšþ¹²šðÝšÞ¦š

Ëݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦Č ¦ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ð −×þŁšŠšÞ¦ć ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð

Ëݲ¹¹ŞŁžÝþýþ³¹²K

βł×³žð˛ L ²¦− þ׳Ž¦Č

FB 2

FB 3

FB 4

FB 5

RIM MIR

RIM MIR

RIM MIR

NMIM MIR

_o O kpLp

_o P kpLp

_o Q kpLp

_o R kpLp

V ýý ?Èćłš×?

PRT ?ͲłÞ³ý?

QQ ?Óšý¦Þł²þÞ?PRT ?ͲłÞ³ý?

RIRS ýý ñ QR

‡ ¹ŁČž¦ ¹ ł˛×ýþÞ¦ž˛¾¦šÐ−þÝþŽšÞ¦Ð Þþ×ý Ł „ÔÞ˛¾¦þÞ˛ÝşÞŞš ¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²Şž˛ýšÞČć²¹Č þˇğššŁ×þ−šÐ¹ð¦ý¦K

˲ݦˇ× Ó˛¹¹²K −×þ¦žŁKŁŞ¹²×šÝ ˛−צ

¦¹−K Ł ý

Ϲ²šðÝšÞ¦š

afk bk NMSP

FB 6 NMIM MIR _o S kpLpTISO ýý ñ RN

p Z þˇ×˛ž³š² þ¹ðþÝð¦kp Z ˇšžþ¹ðþÝþ₣Þþš

afk bk NMSP ײžÝ¦₣˛š²?ˇšžþ¹ðþÝþ₣Þþš? þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šEkpF ¦ ²¦−Ş ¹²šðݲIþˇ×˛ž³ćğšłþ −צ ³Š˛×šþ¹ðþÝð¦ EpFK

flšžþ¹ðþÝþ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþ−צýšÞČš²¹Č Ł −š×Ł³ć þ₣š×šŠşŁ ²š¼ ¹Ý³₣˛Č¼I ðþłŠ˛ Ý抦ŠþÝŽÞŞ Þ˛¼þŠ¦²ş¹Č ŁÞš−þ¹×šŠ¹²ŁšÞÞþÐ ˇÝ¦žþ¹²¦ þ²ž˛¹²šðÝšÞÞþÐ ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦K

Ïˇžþ× Þþ×ý ¦ Š¦×šð²¦Ł

Page 110: строительные конструкции

| 109Schüco̳ݚޚ−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýŞš ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

Ìצ ¦žłþ²þŁÝšÞ¦¦−³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþłþ ˇÝþð˛¹ÝšŠ³š² Þš ²þÝşðþ ¹þˇÝć¹²¦²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ŠšÐ¹²Ł³ć𦼠Þþ×ýafk Ł þ²ÞþĞšÞ¦¦ −×þ½¦ÝšÐײýŞI −³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþłþ¹²šðݲ ¦ ŁžÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþн³×Þ¦²³×ŞI Þþ ¦ ¹þþ²Łš²¹²ŁšÞÞþ

Ô²šðÝþ afk bk NMSP

Ó˛ýÞŞš −×þ½¦Ý¦

−³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþš�

¹²šðÝþ

‡žÝþýþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Ł˛Č

½³×Þ¦²³×˛

ËþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Č ¦ ðþݦ₣š¹²Łþ

ðך−šŽ˛

ÊÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦ −þ

¦žłþ²þŁÝšÞ¦ć ¦

ýþÞ²˛Ž³

Ëþ×−³¹ žŠ˛Þ¦Č

Ëݲ¹¹Ş ŁžÝþýþ³¹²K−þ

ðݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦¦afk bk NROO

Ô²šðÝþ afk bk NMSP

Ëݲ¹¹Ş‡š¹

ðł L ýO

FB 6

FB 4BR 4 - S ISO

BR 4 - NS ISO

BR 6 - S ISO

BR 6 - NS ISO

Ô²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

Բ׳ð²³×˛¹²šðݲ Ò¦− ¹²šðݲ

ÒþÝğK ¹²šðݲŁ ýý

SR

NMT

VP

NSO

PU

RT

QV

TP

Schüco Protect

Schüco Protect

Schüco Protect

Schüco Protect

Ô²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

Ô²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

Ô²šðÝþ−˛ðš²

˚ÝšýšÞ²Ş −³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šý޼ þðþÞI ŠŁš×šÐ ¦ ½˛¹˛ŠþŁ

ŁŞˇ×˛²ş ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦ć ¦ðþݦ₣š¹²Łþ ĆÝšýšÞ²þŁ ðך−šŽ˛I¹−þ¹þˇ ³¹²˛ÞþŁð¦ ¦ þˇš¹−š₣¦²ş−³ÝšÞš−×þˇ¦Ł˛šýþ¹²ş ˇÝþðþŁ−צýŞð˛Þ¦Č ð −×þšý³K

Page 111: строительные конструкции

|110 Schüco ‡ž×ŞŁþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş

‡ž×ŞŁþˇšžþ−˛¹Þþ¹²ş

‚˛ÞÞŞš −צŁšŠšÞÞþÐ Þ¦Žš²˛ˇÝ¦¾Ş ýþŽÞþ ¦¹−þÝşžþŁ˛²ş Łð˛₣š¹²Łš þצšÞ²¦×þŁþ₣ÞŞ¼ −צþ−ךŠšÝšÞ¦¦ þ¹ÞþŁÞ޼

‡ž×ŞŁ₣K ŁÀŁþ

ÒŠ˛×Þ˛Č ŁþÝÞ˛ Łþ²ðת²þý −×þ¹²×˛Þ¹²Łš

ʹ−޲˛²šÝşÞŞÐþˇ×˛žš¾

βŠšŽÞ˛Č ž˛ğ¦²˛ −צ Łž×ŞŁš‡Ł¦Š³ ײ¹²³ğšłþ ₣¦¹Ý˛²š××þצ¹²¦₣š¹ð¦¼ ˛ð²þŁ ¦−þð³ĞšÞ¦Ð −þ Ł¹šý³ ý¦×³ ײ¹²š²¦ ¹−×þ¹ Þ˛ ײžÝ¦₣ÞŞš ž˛ğ¦²ÞŞš−צ¹−þ¹þˇÝšÞ¦ČK

β×ČŠ³ ¹ ž˛ğ¦²þÐ þ²þłÞš¹²×šÝşÞþłþ þ׳Ž¦Č²×šˇ³š²¹Č ¦ ž˛ğ¦²˛ þ²ŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦Č Łž×ŞŁÞþÐ ŁþÝÞŞKÔ−×þ¹ Þ˛ Łž×ŞŁþ³¹²þÐ₣¦ŁŞšþðÞ˛I ŠŁš×¦ ¦ ½˛¹˛ŠŞ ž˛ýš²Þþ

ÌךŠ−¦¹˛Þ¦Č·þ¹Šš−˛×²˛ýšÞ²˛ ÔˆfiEdp^F

afk bk PRS

ÌצÞČ²Şš Ł Ôˆfi Þþ×ýŞI ךł³Ý¦×³ć𦚠ýš²þŠŞ Š¦Þ˛ý¦₣š¹ð¦¼¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð −צ ¦žˇŞ²þ₣Þþý Š˛ŁÝšÞ¦¦I −צÞČ²Ş Ł ð˛₣š¹²Łš¹²˛ÞŠ˛×²Þ޼ ŠÝČ ¦¹−K ¹¦¹²šý þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦Č ¦ þðþÞÞŞ¼ ¹¦¹²šýK

Ô−š¾K ³Š˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šI ¹þ−×þ²¦ŁÝšÞ¦š −צ ŁžÝþýš

ʹ−Ş²ŞŁ˛šýŞš ĆÝšýšÞ²Ş³¹²˛Þ˛ŁÝ¦Ł˛ć²¹Č Ł¦¹−޲˛²šÝşÞŞÐ þˇ×˛žš¾K ÏðÞ˛IŠŁš×¦ ¦ L ¦Ý¦ ½˛¹˛ŠŞ

³¹²˛Þ˛ŁÝ¦Ł˛ć²¹Č Þ˛ ž˛Š˛ÞÞþýײ¹¹²þČÞ¦¦ þ² ¦¹²þ₣Þ¦ð˛Łž×ŞŁ˛X ž˛²šý −×þ¦žŁþŠ¦²¹ČŁþ¹−ݲýšÞšÞ¦š ž˛×ČŠ˛K

−×þšð²Þ޼ ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Ð ðŁž×ŞŁþ³¹²þÐ₣¦ŁŞý þðÞ˛ýIŠŁš×Čý ¦ ½˛¹˛Š˛ýK

Ì˛×˛ýš²×Ş ³Š˛×ÞþÐ ŁþÝÞŞ

Ó˛¹¹²þČÞ¦š ‚˛ŁÝšÞ¦š

NQTIS ½³²˛

¦ý−³Ýş¹ðÎLýO�ý¹ ‡×šýČ ŁþžŠK

NPNIO ½³²˛

NNQIU ½³²˛

VUIQ ½³²˛

UOIM ½³²˛

QVIO ½³²˛

SRIS ½³²˛

QR ý

QM ý

PR ý

PM ý

OR ý

NR ý

OM ý

QITU −¹¦

RITM −¹¦

TIMO −¹¦

VIMS −¹¦

NOISN −¹¦

PVIQQ −¹¦

NVIVM −¹¦

PPIM ðÎLýO

�PVIP ðÎLýO

�QUIQ ðÎLýO

�SOIS ðÎLýO

�UTIN ðÎLýO

OTOIO ðÎLýO

NPTIQ ðÎLýO

QNIO −¹¦Àý¹

QSIT −¹¦Àý¹

RPIV −¹¦Àý¹

SPIT −¹¦Àý¹

TTIU −¹¦Àý¹

NPUIQ −¹¦Àý¹

VVIT −¹¦Àý¹

OUQIRT

POOIRV

PTOIOP

QPVITQ

RPSIUQ

VRQIVS

SUUINM

OOIM ý¹

ONIO ý¹

OMIP ý¹

NVIP ý¹

NUIN ý¹

NPIV ý¹

NSIR ý¹

³ŁšÝ¦₣¦Ł˛š²¹ČK ‡ Ć²þý−þŠŁš×ŽšÞÞþý ˇŞ¹²×Şý−š×šýšÞ˛ý ¹šłýšÞ²š תÞð˛Schüco −ךŠÝ˛ł˛š² þ−²¦ý˛ÝşÞ³ćÞ˛ŠšŽÞþ¹²ş ¦Šš˛ÝşÞþ¹þłÝ˛¹þŁ˛ÞÞŞ¼ ¹¦¹²šýK

Îþ×ýŞ ¦ ¦Þ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

ÌþÝšŁŞš ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Č ¹þłÝ˛¹Þþ −ךŠ−¦¹˛Þ¦Čý rp dp^

Page 112: строительные конструкции

| 111Schüco‡ž×ŞŁþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş

Ìצýš₣˛Þ¦šW‡þ Ł×šýČ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦ÐŁž×ŞŁþˇšžþ−˛¹Þ޼ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð Schüco Ł−þ¹ÝšŠÞ¦š ³¹²˛Þ˛ŁÝ¦Ł˛š²¹Č³Š˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš ¹²šðÝþ SchücomêçíÉÅí mS_Àfpl ¦Ý¦ mT_ÀfplI¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Č −×þŁþŠČ²¹Č ¹þłÝKafk bk PRSK

afk bk NPNOPÌצŁšŠšÞÞ˛Č Ł ²˛ˇÝ¦¾š Nðݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦Č −þ ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦ð Š˛ŁÝšÞ¦ć Ł žþÞš ¹Ž˛²¦Č³Š˛×ÞþÐ ŁþÝÞŞ EbmoF ¹þłÝK

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ N

bmo N

bmo O

bmo P

bmo Q

RM

NMM

NRM

OMM

Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ −Ýþ¹ðþÐ ³Š˛×ÞþÐ ŁþÝÞŞI ý¦Þ¦ý˛ÝşÞþš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š

ËþŠ ðݲ¹¹˛¹þłÝK afk bk NPNOP

−þÝþŽ¦²K ý˛ð¹KŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦Č þ²×˛ŽK ³ŠK

ŁþÝÞŞ mê xðÌ˛z

³ŠK ¦ý−³Ýş¹˛ −þÝþŽ¦²K½˛žŞ þ²×˛ŽK ‡Ò‡

fH xðÌ˛ ñ ý¹z

ŠÝ¦²šÝşÞþ¹²¦−þÝþŽ¦²K ½˛žŞ

íH xý¹z

PTM

VMM

NRMM

OOMM

≥ OM

≥ OM

≥ OM

≥ OM

‡ ךž³Ýş²˛²˛¼ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦ÐI ð×þýš²þłþI ³ð˛žŞŁ˛š²¹ČŠþ−þÝÞ¦²šÝşÞþš þˇþžÞ˛₣šÞ¦š?p? ¦Ý¦ ?kp?I Ł ž˛Ł¦¹¦ýþ¹²¦ þ²²þłþI þˇ×˛ž³ć²¹Č ݦ ¹−×þ²¦Łþ−þÝþŽÞþÐ Ć−¦¾šÞ²×³

afk bk NPNOPÀNWOMMN þ−ךŠšÝČš²×˛žŠšÝšÞ¦š ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð −þ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦ 𠳊˛×ÞþÐ ŁþÝÞšþ−ךŠšÝšÞÞþÐ ¹¦ÝŞK

afk bk NPRQNŁ ²˛ˇÝ¦¾š O −ךŠ¹²˛ŁÝšÞ˛ðݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦Č þ¹²šðÝšÞÞŞ¼ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦Ð −þ ³×þŁÞć

Ò ˇÝ¦¾˛ O

bo N

bo O

bo P

bo Q

RM≤ mê< NMM

NMM≤ mê< NRM

NRM≤ mê< OMM

OMM≤ mê< ORM

Û˛×˛ð²š×¦¹²¦ð¦ −Ýþ¹ðþÐ ³Š˛×ÞþÐ ŁþÝÞŞI ý¦Þ¦ý˛ÝşÞþš žÞ˛₣šÞ¦š

ËþŠ ðݲ¹¹˛¹þłÝK afk bk NPRQN

−þÝþŽ¦²K ý˛ð¹KŠ˛ŁÝšÞ¦Čþ²×˛ŽK ³ŠK

ŁþÝÞŞ mê xðÌ˛z

³ŠK ¦ý−³Ýş¹˛ −þÝþŽ¦²K½˛žŞ þ²×˛ŽšÞÞþÐ ‡Ò‡

fH xðÌ˛ ñ ý¹z

ŠÝ¦²šÝşÞþ¹²¦−þÝþŽ¦²K ½˛žŞ

íH xý¹z

PTM≤ áH< VMM

VMM≤ áH< NRMM

NRMM≤ áH< OOMM

OOMM≤ áH< POMM

≥ OM

≥ OM

≥ OM

≥ OM

Łž×ŞŁ˛ ¹²þ×þÞš Ež˛ğ¦ğšÞÞþй²þ×þÞšF ¦¹−Ş²ŞŁ˛šýþłþþˇ×˛ž¾˛ þ¹ðþÝ𦠦ݦ Þš²I Þ˛−×Kbmo N EpF ¦Ý¦ bmo N EkpFK

Ë ðþŠ³ ðݲ¹¹˛ ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²¦ ðŠšÐ¹²Ł¦ć Łž×ŞŁ˛ ýþŽš² ˇŞ²şŠþˇ˛ŁÝšÞþ þˇþžÞ˛₣šÞ¦š ?p? ¦Ý¦?kp?I þžÞ˛₣˛ćğšš ŁþžýþŽÞþ¹²şþˇ×˛žþŁ˛Þ¦Č þ¹ðþÝðþŁ ¦Ý¦×˛¹ðþݲ ¹²šðݲ ¹ þˇ×˛²Þþй²þ×þÞŞ ¦¹−Ş²ŞŁ˛šýþłþþˇ×˛ž¾˛I Þ˛−×K bk NPRQNÀbo N EpF¦Ý¦ bk NPRQNÀbo N EkpFK

Łž×ŞŁþˇšžþ−˛¹Þþ¹²¦ ¹þłÝ˛¹Þþafk bk NPRQNWOMMNK

ʹ−þÝşžþŁ˛Þ¦šŁž×ŞŁþˇšžþ−˛¹Þþłþ ¹²šðݲ¹þłÝK afk bk NPRQN Þš²×šˇ³š²¹Č>

Îþ×ýŞ ¦ ¦Þ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

afk bk=NPNOP

afk bk=NPRQN

afk bk=NPNOQ

afk bk=PRS

ÏðÞ˛I ŠŁš×¦ ¦ þł×˛ŽŠ˛ć𦚠ðþÞ¹²×³ð¾¦¦

Łž×ŞŁþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²şW ²×šˇþŁ˛Þ¦Č ¦ ðݲ¹¹¦½¦ð˛¾¦Č

Ô−š¾¦˛ÝşÞþš ³Š˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þ¹²šðÝKI ¹þ−×Àš ŁþžŠšÐ¹²Ł¦ć ³Š˛×ÞþÐ ŁþÝÞŞ

ÏðÞ˛I ŠŁš×¦ ¦ þł×˛ŽŠK ðþÞ¹²×K�Łž×ŞŁþ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²şK Íš²þŠŞ ¦¹−޲˛Þ¦Ð

Ô−š¾¦˛ÝşÞþš ³Š˛×þ−×þ₣Þþš þ¹²šðÝšÞ¦šI ³¹²þÐ₣¦Łþ¹²ş ð ŁžÝþý³

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|112 Schüco