(gamma ray)

(X-ray) 10-13 10-7

10-13

Paul Villard)

0.1nm 10-5 nm

radioactivity)

radioisotope elements)

Henri Becquerel, 1852-1908)

,

Explorer XI CGRO

2

1

1.1

fibrosis of the lung) leukemia) cataracts)

1.2 chromosome)

1. time of exposure )

3. shielding)