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http://inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos/greek/grbooksterror/grbooksterror.htm Τάκης ΦωτόπουλοςΟ «πόλεμος» κατά της «τρομοκρατίας», στον οποίο εντάχθηκε η εγκληματική εισβολή και κατοχή του Ιράκ, όπως και οι προηγούμενοι πόλεμοι της υπερεθνικής ελίτ (πόλεμος στον Κόλπο, Γιουγκοσλαβία, Αφγανιστάν), αποτελούν στην πραγματικότητα τη στρατιωτική έκφανση της άτυπης πολιτικής παγκοσμιοποίησης, η οποία συμπληρώνει την οικονομική παγκοσμιοποίηση. Η «τρομοκρατία» κάθε μορφής άλλωστε δεν είναι παρά το σύμπτωμα της συγκέντρωσης πολιτικής και οικονομικής εξουσίας στα χέρια των ελίτ. Η συγκέντρωση αυτή έχει πάρει πελώριες διαστάσεις στη Νέα Τάξη που σηματοδοτεί η καπιταλιστική νεοφιλελεύθερη παγκοσμιοποίηση και το πολιτικό της συμπλήρωμα, η αντιπροσωπευτική «δημοκρατία».Στο βιβλίο αυτό, η πολιτική βία και ιδιαίτερα η συστημική βία (δηλαδή η θεσμοποίηση της πολιτικής και οικονομικής ανισότητας) συνεχώς φουντώνουν από εγγενείς λόγους, στη Νέα Τάξη, η οποία επιβάλλεται είτε μέσω των διεθνών οικονομικών οργανισμών (ΔΝΤ, ΠΟΕ, κ.λπ.) ή, στην ανάγκη, δια πυρός και σιδήρου. Η αναπόφευκτη συνέπεια είναι η αντίστοιχη άνθιση της πολιτικής αντιβίας που παίρνει σήμερα συνήθως τη μορφή της λαϊκής «τρομοκρατίας» στο Νότο, ή των αντισυστημικών ρευμάτων στο κίνημα της αντιπαγκοσμιοποίησης όσον αφορά το Βορρά. Η υπερεθνική ελίτ, στον αγώνα της για την πάταξη της πολιτικής αντιβίας, καταφεύγει σήμερα σε ένα νέου τύπου «πόλεμο»: τον γενικευμένο και διαρκή «πόλεμο κατά της τρομοκρατίας» ο οποίος έχει στοχο τη συντριβή κάθε αντίστασης στην πολιτική και συστημική βία της Νέας Τάξης.ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΑΠρόλογος Κεφάλαιο 1: «Τρομοκρατία», συστημική βία και δημοκρατία Κεφάλαιο 2: 11 Σεπτέμβρη 2001: ο καταλύτης για τον νέο γενικό πόλεμο Κεφάλαιο 3: Ο «πόλεμος» κατά του Αφγανιστάν Κεφάλαιο 4: Η κατάπνιξη του Παλαιστινιακού κινήματος Κεφάλαιο 5: Η εγκληματική εισβολή στο Ιράκ Κεφάλαιο 6: Η Ελληνική συμβολή στον αντιτρομοκρατικό «πόλεμο» Σαν Επίλογος: Η διέξοδος από την κύκλο της βίας και οι στρατηγικές μετάβασης Παράρτημα Ι: Το τέλος του «πολέμου» στο Ιράκ: Έγκλημα και... Απάτη Παράρτημα ΙΙ: Η εισβολή στο Ιράκ και η πλύση εγκεφάλου από τα Βρετανικά ΜΜΕ
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Hacia una Democracia Inclusiva (Montevideo: Nordan, 2002) Umfassende Democratie (Grafenau, Germany: Trotzdem
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98 Ignacio Ramonet, Le Monde Diplomatique ( 2002). 99 Christopher Hitchens, , Spectator , . . Tariq Ali, The new empire loyalists, The Guardian (16/03/2002). O 2003
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96 :
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, , , . , , , . - , , , . ,110 , . .
. , , . , , , , , ,
109 ruce Cumings, Bush team turned a soluble problem into a crisis, Le Monde diplomatique ( 2003). 110 David Hirst, Israel thrusts Iran in line of US fire, The Guardian (02/02/2002).
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, . , , , . , , , Bush , 40% , , .
. , ( ) , , . , Clark Subic Bay 1992.111 , , , , , ,
111 Andrew Murray, Challenge in the east, The Guardian (30 /01/2002).
98 :
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, . , (MST) , , CIA, : , .112 , , , John Bolton, , Fidel Castro .113 [Centre for Strategic and International Studies] FTAA (. [NAFTA] ) .114
112 Janette Habel, Latin America recolonised, Le Monde diplomatique ( 2002). 113 Julian Borger, War on terror may extend to Cuba, The Guardian (07/05/2002). 114 Janette Habel, Latin America recolonised, : Patrice M Franko, Toward a new security architecture in the Americas. The strategic implications of the FTAA, The CSIS Press, . XXII, . 3 (, 2000).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 99
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,116 B N T [...] , , , .
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116 . , , .., . 79. 117 M. Chossudovsky, Dismantling Former Yugoslavia, Znet ( 1999).
102 :
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, 121 23 .119 . , 80 . , 1,7 . , 20 , . , 2000 1 !120 , , , , , ,
118 . , . , , .. 119 R. Norton-Taylor, The Guardian (13/03/2000). 120 I. Black, The Guardian (14/03/2000).
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.121 , , . .
, , ( 122 -), (cluster bombs), .123 , , . , . 10,000, . , , 100.000. 3.000!124 121 . . , The Guardian (07/06/2000). 122 B. (08/10/2000), . 14. 123 B. Human Rights Watch, The Guardian (08/01/2000) & (07/02/2000). 124 The Guardian (18/08/2000).
104 :
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125 D.Johnstone, efore and after ugoslav elections, net (27/09/2000). 126 World Bank, World Development Report 1998/99, . 11. 127 World Bank, World Development Report ( ). 128 World Bank, From Plan to Market, . 4.1.
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 105
) . , . , , : , Mitteleuropa .129 , . (, ) , , .130 . , .. .
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129 N. Ascherson, The Observer (8/10/2000). 130 .
106 :
131
, 11 . , , , , . , 11 , ( Osama Bin Laden ) , , . .
-52 , , - -132 , ,
131 Democracy & Nature (17/11/2001). 132 Robert James Parsons, Depleted uranium in bunker bombs- America's big dirty secret, Le Monde Diplomatique ( 2002).
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. 2.000 8.000, , , 133 !
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133 Ian Traynor & Julian Borger, Storm over Afghan civilian victims, The Guardian (12/02/2002). 134 , World Development Report 2000/2001, 2 & 1a. 135 . . 96 .
108 :
, , , , , .. , , . , . think tanks .
, . .136 , , 2001, ( ) , .
136 Hamid Karzai ( ) Unocal . Pierre Abramovici, The US and the Taliban: a done deal. : George Monbiot, America's pipe dream, The Guardian (23/10/2001).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 109
. 2002 , !137 , , . , :138
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137 George Monbiot, America's imperial war, The Guardian (12/02/2002). 138 Christine Delphy, Le Monde Diplomatique ( 2002).
110 :
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http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 111
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http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 113
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, .143 , , .144 , , WHISC Fort Benning Georgia (. . 1), , , School of the Americas, 142 Dilip Hiro,The Guardian (22/05/2001). 143 , , (14/11/2001). 144 , (17/10/2001).
114 :
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145 . ational Geographic ( 1999), 69.
146 , , . , (, -) , . , .
, , , . , . 146 H Democracy and Nature, ..
116 :
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http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 117
147 (. ) 148 (. ) . , , .
. , 55% , 60% . , , , , , . , , , , .149
147 . Norman Finkelstein, (: , 2001). 148 .. Peter Beaumont, The new anti-Semitism?, The Observer (17/02/2002). 149 George Szamuely, The Observer, 12 2001. : Noam Chomsky, Al-Aqsa Intifada, Alternative Information Centre (20/10/2000).
118 :
, ( ) 90% 1990, , Intifada ( , 1980) ( ), 1993. , , 78% , , 22% .150 - , , , , . , , ( ), . , . 2000
150 Dilip Hiro, Land is the issue. Land is confiscated, stolen, kept, The Guardian (22/05/2001).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 119
151 , , , . Intifada.
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151 New York Review of Books Robert Malley, , Barak Clinton . , , George Szamuely, Israel will always have a Yankee friend, The Observer (12/08/2001). David Clark, 2001, : The brilliant offer Israel never made, The Guardian (10/04/2002).
120 :
, Hannah Arendt , 1940, .152 , , . : , . , , , , , .153
, - , . , 2000 ,
152 Moshe Zimmerman, Mother of post-Zionism, HAARETZ (20/10/2000). 153 Chomsky , , , . , , , , ( MSNBC.com 2 2001, Znet).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 121
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122 :
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154 Chris McGreal, The Guardian (17/03/2003) & (18/03/2003). 155 (11/09/1993), (30/09/1995), (30/08/1997) & (04/11/2000). 156 . , , .., . 32.
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, , , , , , . , , , 157 . .. /o (02/09/1993). 158 E. Said v , The Guardian (09/09/1993). 159 . , o ov o, .., . 91.
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 125
Ed. Said, .. , , . , 160 , 161 ,162 . , .
. 1993, 163 . . 242 (1967). , ,164 , . ,
160 . (: , 1997), . 7. 161 . , (.-., 1993). 162 . (. 1993). 163 Declaration of principles on interim self-government authority, (13 . 1993). 164 Birzeit (07/06/1997).
126 :
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165 . .
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 127
, , , - , . , 3% , . , ,166 : . 70. , , , .167 , 1967 , .168
166 David Hirst, The Guardian (08/03/1997). 167 The Guardian (05/06/1997). 168 S. Bhatia, The Guardian (04/06/1997).
128 :
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169 The Guardian (29/09/1996).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 129
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170 . The Observer (15/08/1993). 171 Middle East Economic Digest/ The Guardian (01 & 04/9/1993) 172 R.T. Naylor, Bankers, Bagmen and Bandits (Black Rose Press, 1990), . 156.
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o oovo ov v vv v v v o v v ov v . vov oo v v , 25 v o, v ov o, vooo o oo v ov vov 4,3 . o. o, ooov v o v. v , , o o o o o vo o o v o o v oo 300-500 . o.173 o, o o o $466 . o. v o v.174
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173 The Guardian (03/09/1993). 174 The Observer (05/09/1993).
132 :
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, , 1968 , 1897, 1917. , , , , , , ... , , : . 2500 . ,
175 . Herzl, Selected Works, . 7, 1, . 86.
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, 85.000 2% , 700.000 (1914). , . - , .
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134 :
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176 The Guardian (28/10/1991). B. , The Guardian (04/02/1995). 177 Nur Mashalha, Expulsion of the Palestinians, the concept of Transfer in Zionnist political thought 1882-1948 (1993). 178 John Gittings, The Guardian (07/01/1995).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 135
. , , , , -.179 10 40% .180
. . , , . , , , - , .181
, , , 179 Jerrold Kessel, The Guardian (04/12/1993). 180 M. Wallacott, The Guardian (04/10/2000). 181 Hanegbi, Machover & Orr, The class nature of Israeli society, New Left Review, No. 65 (-, 1971).
136 :
. , , ,182 . Pat Buchanan ( ), .
, , 1948 , .. , , . , . , , , Hannah Arendt, . , 50 , ,
182 . Chomsky, Israel, the Holocaust and Antisemistism D. Barsamian (24/10/1986).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 137
, .
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. , , , 1967 . , , 183 D. Hirst, The Guardian (02/12/1994). 184 Pax Amerticana , . . , , ..
138 :
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185 T. Llewellyn, The Observer (15/10/2000). 186 E. MacAskill, The Guardian (14/10/2000). 187 The Guardian (22/08/1997).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 139
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188 . 1997, The Guardian (22/08/1997). 189 B. Whitaker, The Guardian (27/10/2000). 190 J. Odeh, The Guardian (01/11/2000). 191 LAW bulletin (Tuesday, March 18, 2003).
140 :
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, , , () , ! ( ) , , , ( ) !192 193 , , 192 (01/11/2000) & Human Rights Watch (17/10/2000). 193 (15/12/2001) & (20/04/2002).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 141
( ) . - ( ) 194 . , ( ) , 11/9 , . .. . . , , . .
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142 :
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196 Julian Borger, The Guardian (25/10/2001). 197 Paul Foot, , 11/12/01 198 Robin McKie, The Observer (25/11/2001). 199George Szamuely, The Observer (12/08/2001). . , Al-Aqsa Intifada, Alternative Infdormation Centre (20/10/2000).
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146 :
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148 :
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204 . .. P. Beaumont, The Observer (17/02/2002).
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205 N.G. Finkelstein, The Holocaust Industry (Verso 2001).
150 :
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http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 151
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http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 153
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http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 155
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213 2002 51% ( ) , . Guardian , . Blair . Duncan Smith ( ). Alan Travis, Say no to Iraq attack, The Guardian (19/03/2002).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 159
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160 :
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217 The Guardian (24/02/1992) & The Observer (01/03/1992). 218 David Teather, The Guardian (26/4/2003). 219 . oo, o ov o: o o-o (: v, 1991).
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224 To (19/06/1993). 225 Rakiya Omaar, The Guardian (15/06/1993). 226 The Guardian (14/06/1993).
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227 The Guardian (06/05/1993). 228 B. Boutros-Guali, Agenda for Peace, 1992
170 :
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229 The Guardian (30/12/1991).
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232 (23/01/1993), (03/07/1993), (28/02/1998) & (19/12/1998).
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233 The Guardian (15/01/1993).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 175
v o o . o v o ( o ), v, v o o oo v o v ov o v v o oo o vo o ! o o oo v voo, vv, o , o v o (o, ..). vo v vo o v vo o v ovv vv (o , , v oo o oov v ov o v o), o v ov o oo o o o oo ( , vo).234 , o Marc Weller,235 o o v v. vv o vo o , o (.. ) v ov v!
o o vo vo o . ,
o David Kyd, o vo o o v (), oo o ov v oo o o vo vo o , o oo o o 1993 v vv.236
234 B. o o The Guardian (19/01/1993). 235 The Guardian (15/01/1993). 236 The Guardian (18/01/1993).
176 :
o o v o v . , o o vvo v v v o v v o o v o v vv v!
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ov o. oo o o ov , o John Pilger,237 o oo ov o vo o o o ov o o o o v o o v . , o ov o o v, o o ov v v.238 , o o o v ov v v o v v v oov v o ( oo v v voov o v -) v o o , , , ov ov ov v. , o ov o oov o vo o o , vv o o o o o o 4.500 5.000 o ov.
H vo o v o vv ov v .
oo , o o o v , 12 o v v o o ov ooo
237 John Pilger, Distant voices (Vintage, 1992). 238 The Guardian (12/01/1993).
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 177
, . o o o. , v o v ov v, vv ! 1992, 1 . ov o v 100.000 v ,239 o vo ov 90.000 o v v , v o o. o 1993 o o vo ov ov o v o o ov o v vov .240 , , o v o o v v o . , ov, vv o
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o ov o v ov o o, ov o. , o
239 J. Pilger, .. 240 UN Children Fund/The Guardian (15/01/1993).
178 :
oovo o, vovo o o-oo:241 , o o, , ov v o o , , o . , vo v vv v o v oov o o o v . , o o o, o v o v v vo, o o v ovvv vv ( v o v) o ov v ov o vo. , v o ov o v v o, vo o v oo v vov ov ovv , o o v ovvv.
, , , 1993, , . o , o v v, o o o v o o v v o, oo v o v v ( oo o...) v o o ooo oo . v v o . voo, ov o v ovoo , v o o v o o ov v
241 . ooo, , .., . 90.
http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/fotopoulos 179
1993, .
o o oo oo v v o . M o oo, o v v v o v o v o v ov.242 o vvo v oo vo v, o ov 19o v, v o v v o o o o o v o vov, v v o v ov o .
o o vo oo o vovoo v , v v o o o o ov ooo vooo o o ov o.243 , v ov v o v v oo o v o, o , , v o v , v ov vv vo v ov ovo v o v v vv . v o ov vvo vo, v oo o vv !
1993 vo o o 51 o o o o o vo vvov o v v. vv ov o vo o o v o o v, o o .