跨文化交际学研究课题之二

• Basic attitudes of Chinese college students towards American, European, Australian, Japanese, Korean and African.

American

中国大学生对美国人的基本看法 是否存在刻板印象（ stereotype ）？ 是否存有偏见（ prejudice ）？

stereotype ：1. Categorize people or things by the most obvious characteristics they

posses. (liberty , democracy , equality and justice )

2. Apply a set of characteristics to a whole group of people. (food, clothes)

3. Give the same treatment to each member of the group. (rich, ignorant other countries)

prejudice:

•Verbal abuse

•Physical avoidance

•Discrimination

•Physical attack / punishing

•Massacre( 大屠杀）

European

Typical English character

reserved

English sense of humor

modest The Typical

Englishman

sportsmanship

reserved & modest

Unwilling to accept other things

Human behind their barrier of reserve

Self-praise is impolite

English sense of humour

Laugh at oneself

Merely a life attitude

Never cruel or disrespectful or malicious

A man was injected with a deadly poison, but, it did not kill him. Why?

He was already dead

Pub culture

• Pub culture is designed to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely appropriate and really quite normal behaviour. “If you haven‘t been to a pub, you haven’t been to Britain.”

The Decline of Religion

• Church attendace is declining• In 2007, Tearfund published the following results of their

comprehensive review of British Christian religion in 2006: • 10% of the UK adult population go to church at least weekly. • 15% attend church at least monthly. • 26% attend church at least yearly. • 59% never or practically never go to church.• • Confused belief in religion

first greet the lady, then the gentleman 先跟女士打招呼，再到男士

don‘t use goat or peacock as decorative items 忌用山羊，孔雀等做装饰，孔雀开屏是自我炫耀的不良习性

dislike black cats, especially when they walk pass them, will feel disgusted, think it‘s a sign of misfortune 很忌讳黑猫，尤其是黑猫若从面前穿过，会感到恶心

very dislike number "13",think it's an unlucky number, usually try best to avoid "13" in life 非常忌讳“ 13” 这个数字，认为这是个不吉祥的数字

dislike the flower lilies, think it‘s a symbol of death 忌讳百合花，并把百合花看作是死亡的象征

don't like to be too close to each other when talking, usually keep about 50cm apart同别人谈话不喜欢太靠近

British habits and taboo

China–Australia relations Sino-Australian relations refers to the relations between the Australian Commonwealth and the People's Republic of China. The relationship between China and Australia have grown considerably over the years. Both countries are actively engaged economically, cultural and politically which spans different organizations such as APEC, East Asia Summit and the G20.

Australian

Australia began accepting Chinese students for tertiary education in 1986 in English Language Intensive Courses for Overseas Students (ELICOS). Several thousands Chinese were studying in Australia in 1987.In the aftermath of Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, the Australian government granted protection for many Chinese students in Australia.[5] Since then, Australia has become one of the biggest market for Chinese students for tertiary education . In early 2011, there were over 126 000 Chinese students in Australia and they make up 26 percent of the total foreign students.

history

leisure

comfort

Slow pace of life

DANGER

Koala bears

The Gold coast

The buildings

robbery

In general, there is not existingstereotype effects on Australian.

But we still have some impression On Australian!

Japanese

Statistics Survey Report on Chinese College students' Attitudes towards Japanese （ 92 participants ）

Is there bias in our attitudes ？

The Nanjing holocaustPaying homage to Yasukuni Jinjia 靖国神社

The Japan textbook problem

The boat collision is once again bringing attention to the

Diaoyu Islands issue.

钓鱼岛列屿海域海底，油藏的上限为 1574 亿桶，有第二中东之称，超过伊拉克 40% ，比美国多五倍，足供中国使用 80 年

Inalienable part of China

• The difference between “the whole Japanese” and “the individual Japanese”?

Hardworking Polite

Prudent （谨慎） Responsible

Seven virtues of Bushidō

Rectitude ( 義 )Courage ( 勇 )Benevolence ( 仁 )Respect ( 礼 )Honesty ( 誠 )Honor ( 名誉 )Loyalty ( 忠義 )

Serious working Attitude

Contribution to society Fairness and Honesty Cooperation and Team Spirit Untiring Effort for Improvement Courtesy and Humility Adaptability Gratitude

Konosuke MatsushitaKonosuke Matsushita 松下 幸之助 (November 27, 1894 – April 27, 1989)

a Japanese industrialist

the founder of Panasonic

For many Japanese, he is known as "the god of management".

Korean

ChineseImpression

About

AD.

of a

Korean

facelifting

hospital

World-class

Face-lifting technology

Korean

TV

Series

• 韩剧有三宝：车祸，癌症，治不好• Death rate of main character in car accide

nts: 99%

• Another 1%: Memory loss, go blind & etc.

Korean famous food

Pickles

• Netizens call Korea 泡菜国 & Korean 泡菜文

• Discriminatively call 高丽棒子

Korean Style

Clothes

Some reasons why Korean style clothes prevail in China

1. Affected by Korean TV series and stars

2.Their clothes look delicate & elegant

African

African

What’s our attitudes toward African?

GENEVA, May 22 (UNHCR) – Fighting late last week between Congolese government forces and renegade troops has forced a new influx of displaced people into south-west Uganda. A further 13,000-15,000 people crossed the border from Democratic Republic of the Congo's North Kivu province in the latest influx, according to Ugandan district officials.

GENEVA, May 21 (UNHCR) – UN High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres on Monday deplored the killing of a UNHCR staff member in Goma, eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Rocky Makabuza died on Saturday in the North Kivu provincial capital after sustaining gunshot wounds to his stomach in an attack at his home by unknown assailants on Friday night.

Namibia, May 18 (UNHCR) – Over 100 Angolan refugees, some of whom had been refugees in Namibia for more than 20 years, returned home on Thursday

It is true but…

• Such attitudes toward African probably contain nothing but stereotype and prejudice.

• We have a tendency to make a claim that often goes beyond the facts, with no valid basis. Stereotypes may be based on the truth, but they are exaggerated statements regarding our belief about what a group of people are or should be.

In reality

• Africa has faced some of the great social changes in this century in terms of race, ethnicity, politics, violence, labour relations and industrialisation. Graduates in the social sciences are going to be a critical component to the success of African democracies as they struggle to emerge from the mess in which they have been. Universities are not only essential for the training and nurturing of highly-skilled scholars in this area, but are poised to make a unique contribution to the overall development of post-colonial Africa

Thank you ！