:1- 2- 3- 5 1 4- 5- (1 0 ) 1, 2, 3, 4 5 .6- .7- . ( ) ( ) 3 2/852 1/751/251 : . 1 107- 107 : . . . . . : 0.1 400 . ( ) ( ) . ( 0.38-0.76)

: : 0.001-1 .: 0.1-10 . .: . 0.01-1 ... (Qualitative) ( Quantitative)

( Air sampling) (Unsafe condition) (Unsatisfactory) ( )

Full facepiece APF=50

LOCATION ( Area monitoring) ( monitoring Personnel) (Source moniroring) Breathing Zone

Duration

8 Fullday Multiple Multiple

partialLong termShort term or PeakGrab

5-2

10-6 ( 10 100 ) .N: d:

(Reliability ) Accuracy- Precision : . : .ErrorsDetermine errorIn determine error :1- 2- 3- .

(Head sampler & Media)

SKC

Sibata

Gilian

MSA

( 0.5)

1- . 2- . 3- .

1- 2- ( )1- 2- Mariotte's Bottle-

( ) . .

48 Defender Primary Standard Calibrator Defender Primary Standard Calibrator, 5 to 500 ml/min

Defender Primary Standard Calibrator, 50 to 5000 ml/min

Defender Primary Standard Calibrator, 300 to 30,000 ml/min

( -...) Osha

5 5 1- 1.5- 2-2.5 5 ( ) . interception inertial

Inhalable particle mass=IPMDust particles having a 50% cut-point of 100 m. These dust particles are hazardous when deposited anywhere in the respiratory tract. Thoracic particulate mass=TPMDust particles having a 50% cut-point of 10 m. These dust particles are hazardous when deposited anywhere in the lung airways and gas-exchange regions. =RPM Respirable particulate mass having a 50% cut-point of 4 m. These dust particles are hazardous when deposited anywhere in the gas-exchange regions.

(sampler) (Total dust sampler) Size selective Open face

IOM open face IOM . 0.5-6.2 . . Respirable dust 25mmInhalable dustPlastic material -

IOM

IOM

IOMInhalable Particle Matter Fraction Collected (% Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (m) 100097194287577106520583054.54052.55050100Button Aerosol sampler

Button Aerosol sampler Inhalable 4 GSP sampler CIS

Plastic Dewell-Higging cyclone

Dorr oliver cyclone 90 .

+

Plastic cyclone character cutpoint50%=5 in flow 1.9 lit/mincutpoint50%=4 in flow 2.2 lit/minSize 25 or 37 mm 2/2 Cutpoint50%= 3.5 2.8 Size 25 or 37 mm 7500 600 NIOSH joint 3 open face NIOSH-ACGIH-ISO-CEN 2.5

Aluminum Cyclone for Respirable Dust

Asbestos head and cowl MCEPore Size 0.8 m

Cassette holder2 or 3 pieceLightMCE 37 mm filter

Cassette Sealing Shrink Bands

Cassette holder

GS-3 Respirable dust Cyclone

10mm Static Conductive Nylon Cyclone 10 Cutpoint50% 4 2.75

GS-3 RESPIRABLE Iso-ACGIH-CSN ( ) .2.75

Cascade impactor 9 28.3 * 2.51-0.5-0.25

Cascade impactor ( 8 ) 2.5 102.51 10.5 0.50.25 0.25 25 4 37 0.25 Leland legacy

Anderson cascade impactor

Moudi cascade impactor

Personal Environmental monitor

Personal Environmental monitor indoor air Cutpoint50% 2.5 10 2 37mm 3 - - PTFE(Polytetrafluoroethylene Filters ) 2 37 2.5 10 .

Abrasive Blasting sampler for heavy metal

Abrasive Blasting sampler for heavy metal

PEM 2.5 10 10 7 37mm PTFE

Filter Character 0.25 41 - -

37 0.8 0.4 . ()

- -

-- Suported pad pvc

pvc () 150 - - pvc- - - - - - - -

Nucleopore filter 10 235 . 0.3-0.8 PTFE Membrane Filters

5.0-m and 60-m pore sizes

0.5-m, 1.0-m, and 2.0-m pore sizesPTFE Membrane Filters 260 13 5517 Niosh POLYCHLOROBENZENES respirableNIOSH 0600

respirableNIOSH 0600 5-1 - 25 PVC

C:

W1-W2 B2-B1 V:

Vs: Va: :P ( )T: ( )

0.00259gr 0.00601gr 0.00263gr 0.00266gr 4 32 653

. . . MAC 50 TLV .ACGIH 642 TLV 47 BEI indoor sampling (TWA) 8 40 16 3 8 30 .

(STEL) . 8 15 15 . 4 8 2 60 (Ceiling) . 5 12 4 10 3 ..... H: RF: AOE= RF AOE8

4 12 12 8 100

7 7

. . .

.

7.1Mg/m3= - 4 7.92- 1 8.3 3- 2 8.5 -1 0

:

( Res 12384050.85:5.2:2.3: 21923260.62:4.8:1.7:

4307311.47

Respirable /( 2+ 1)= (0.855-0.619)/0.731=2 mg/m3 (2 mg/m3)[430min/480min]= 1.8 mg/m3 1.8/0.91=2 XRD-XRF

X-ray diffraction

METAL & METALLOID PARTICULATES IN WORKPLACE ATMOSPHERES(ATOMIC ABSORPTION) ID-121 OSHA : 2 : MCE 960-480 30 60 Open faceMetal Fume

() (AAS) . (Atomic absorption spectrophotometery) ATOMIC ABSORBTION

ATOMIC ABSORBTION

ATOMIC ABSORBTION . . ( ) - . .

: . . . 10 20 . . . . .Electrodeless discharge lamps

Hollow cathode lamp

AASBLOCK

. . 1) . 2) . . . . . . . .

- 100 1000 . :PPM 1 : PPB1 5 50 H.G.A 4- ...

. . PPb .

. .

GastecDragerMSA

Coating Real time

.

CO SeO2 () .() gastec 2 4 1- 2- PPM

Safety Equipment institute

gastec

Sorbent tube

150-1000mg7cm length-external diameter 6mm- internal 4mmMesh20-40100mg front section-50mg backupSorbents

( ) Beakthrough( ) 10 b.t 10-1

Charcoal sorbent

Activated charcoal NIOSH OSHA Coconut- petroleum800-900 temp CS2 - - - - - . Silica gel

S138 NIOSH (desorb) Molecular sieves porous structure : Carboxen-Carbosive-Purasive- Sherocarb Base graphitize sive graphitize sive

Zeolit

Porous Polymeric sorbentsTenax-XAD-Chromsorb-propak- Anasorb TLVMACPEL