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TVnOfPA<l>EIO l:TE4>. BAfOYP.1.H EllEI:l:.A 1995

21 H MY~TIKH OprANQ~H TH~ ME~~A~

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2. 6£v e:('V(lL aJtO).,:\1tWi; oaql£t;:, lt6'lt axO$Ox; owton'tEhl 'to Ktvcoo BOOEv6rv. Y:n:6.QxOl.l'Y l1/li<11<1 >tl.TlQO<pOQW; Y1<16wQlOQ'l ~1JO'tlXt<; 6Qa<m)Ql6ntt" ""'" E6woa 1\611 ><aTn TO 1901. 0 l:'tO'\1'ft.awCtx11~, 2& 0. 259, ava.cptOEL Ott 11 alA-wa. t'\.'QVCL tOOV XOI-Uta.t!;'I)OO.tv OoxLOE va.:n:QO£~ t04Lal;EtaL to 1903. ~ JtQOO9ttH Ott to Ktvcoo l'rtav 1taQ6.QTrII.la 'l'T); Em'tQO~ 9E00a-1ovlx1l<;. !ktlvUQL 61lWi; 6u vWOltEQ<1, J.L£oa cno 1904, 'UJt1\QxE mJv6E:OTI xm ~ 'to Mova.OTI'\QI.. Elvm yv<oot6 OtL .fl 1tQ<lml o1ox111QW1.ltVT) ll00tIXT] OQ)'O.VWOTI OE aO'lLX6 xtvcQO "m\Ql;e 11 "Eoo.m:QLXtl OQya'VWOll" no"\! OOOtQ9wtE to\' IavouCtQlo 1904. l:'to ltQ6ru:n:o al1tl\l;, tyLVav ava~

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).0,(££ lJ.uonx.t<; OQyavWau£ 0' UAAU xEV!Q<l 't1')£ Mmu:bovlm;.IlE'taS'U 'tWV on;oWYv xm 11 'E&o­au (.1.11:. QJ::b..o. 211-212). H OQyavW011 tOO MovuotTlQlO1J 'tEAOUOE crt (J't£'V1l muqni J.lE to MaxE­OOvlx6 KOIJ.L'tO:tO 'tW'V A6rtvWv (KalarcoGaxT\). Ka06J..olJ Mt9uvo, AotJt6v, Ot 6:v9Qwrcm tTK OOyO.vUXJ'T)£ anrv 'Ebwoa XaL o'tlJ'V 1t£QUPEQELU 't11£ vadxav mucpr) IJ£ to KOIUtatO, notV ux61lu Q)8aoElo KOOOllnA6.£ OtO fEV. nQ~Evtio E>toOUAOVt;(.l1C; (MalO<; 1904) XaL aVaA~L 0'[0 BtAn­tnewoaAovbtTl£ 't1')blOQY6.V<OOlj tlOV!J.UOtlX<i.YvxlvtQ<OV.

XQijo'LIlTl dvm T1ltAT]QOqlOQla Emo'to).rjc; aywvwn'\ cm6 'to Bka&>f.k> rro<><; to KtvtQO Boo£­vtiN, 61tC)'U q>atvttUl &n 0 EJtlO'toAOYQaqx:x; UJttlQ;E IJ,tA<><; TIt; "EOOltEQtxrjC; OQyO.v<OO1'IC,;" M6 1"0 Not~LO 1904 XaL O1.IVEQyat&taV Il£ 'to KOllltatO (JtQO<Pav~ to'U KaAaJt06CtxTt). "nC1Q!l£­vloN' JtQO<; "<I>().tat",," 17-6-05 (I't OVVTl~IliVll txSwn). B).. "'(OTJ<; txtleOTJ t01J KtvtQOU Boo£­vwv 1tQoc; '(0 noo!;EvtLO 8EO'O'aAovtxTJ~ an6 2-7-1905, IlE ltaQ6Jtova lO,)\' U1tEuOWO,)\' EbooO'ol-0,)\' YLO IT]'\l aO'UVEvvOT]OLo IJ.Elru;V lrov bvo KtvlQWV.

3. 0 :rlO"UYLavv6.xTJe; 6.Jt., 0'. 259 avaqJ£QEL we; nQ6EbQo lO"U KEvtQO"U BOOEVWv lOV 6TJIJ.. P~o, roallJ.lO.lta lOV AB. ¢JQO.yxo xaL TallLa lOV I. Xal!;.T]'\If.xo. Tour; (bw'X; IlV11!lOVelJEL xcn 0 Mu).wva.<;, avac:ptQovtac; oocpaA!lfva lO Xal!;.TJvlxo roc;: E'uCtyyd .. o xaL MoxaJ...o, EVW Titav ~I.O­IlrlXavoc;, ~A, I.r. MUArovCt<;, "0 JtCtl'ta-l:l/3tva~ lTJ<; EbtO'O'1'\~", MaxEOOvLxD '?®'I, etooo)..ov(;(.TJ 1974, o. 34-35. 0 Koola<; l:Ll3tva<;, yto;; 'lOU ltQ.o"ta-l:lj3tva, avaq:iQOV'tac; 1TI O'UllTl'VTJ lO 1912 TJ)'E'tLxWv JtC1QO.Y6vtrov lTJe; 'Eboooa~, EllqlOVU;EL WC; Ilt).oc; lTJe; ErtLlOOJtrl<; lOU MaXEOOvLxoV Aywva lOU<; AB, PU;o (61£1J6uvtrl lO"U TJIlLYUllvaOlolJ !tOlJ bl(l15txBrptE lOV ¢JQO.yxo), Ioo. Xal!;.T)­vlxo, K. l:oAa!J.1(CtOl1 xcn nCtl'taol/3tvo, K, l:lj3tva, H 'Eboooa ml ToyoxQ?(Q(ldac AaOYOO({)LXD ~,E>oooo).ov(XTJ 1974, o. 65. 0 /).. AVlooVLCt15TJ<;, "To rlJll-VuOLO E&tOO'T]<;", EbEooa'(xu XQQ\lU«l., lav01JUQtoc;-AJtQ().Lo;; 1972. o. 21, avac:ptQEL lOU;; AB.II>Q6.yxo. 6TJIl. PU;o xm 100, Xo­l!;.1)\Ilxo ox; ALoLx.cnJoa EltllQOrtT't lOU AyWva, aAAu !tOoo6tlEL - J.UlI..AOV "l4lrl<; tvtXEv" - ''u1t6 TTl\I1tQOEI5Qla lOU C:p).0'(EQO'U Il-TJlQOJtOAtlO"U EhtOOTJ<; l:lEc:pavou". 0 AvtOl6nouh.oc;, 6.Jt .• o. 78, avac:ptott lO1..k; avooltQw lQEI.<; Il-a!;t xm 10V 1taJta-l:l/3Eva.

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CPO~Ovtcn 01J'(,(aQTJ1rlQW YLa IT]'\l anOVOllrl 010 fEVLX6 nQ6SEVO A. KOQOIlTJACt 'tOlJ XQlJOoV l:'talJQOu lOU :ru)"{rlOo;. "naoaxaAOUIlEv UIlU:;" EYQ<lqJE. "va bL~lj36.0E'tE 'tOO 1)lJ,EltOW JtQO'(o'ta­!lfvw 'to. BEQIlCt XUL ELAlXQLvlt Yom 'tWV TQU.vV 17I,U.vv<TL!"fXao1ft1'lOLa .. .... E<p60ov 0 'OIlTJQOC; E(vat 0 nCtl'taolj3EvOJ;. TJ lQ6LXU 'tOU KtvtQou B ano'tEAEL'taL an6 't01J~ Pl1;,o-4>Q6.yxo-na.nool/3tva.

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H IJ.u(rnx~ oQyavwon tne; 'EOwoae; ota MuxOOovLx6 AyOOva 271

To avtxOOto u"Lx6. ota Oltoto m:nQtI;Etm n ltaQOooa iJ.E'-ttn, ltQOtQxEtm an6 to AQXELO toU Ylt01JQYEL01J El,;WtEQLXOOV. Alt6 ta IJ.EOa 't1]e; liEXaEttae; t01J 1970. ota It''atOLa IJ.Lae; YEVLx6tEQne; EQE1JVae; ltOU liLE!;~aya YLa tnv Lm:oQta 't1]e; MaxOOovtae;, ELxav ltEQLE"SEL m:nv xatox~ IJ.01J avttYQaQXl twv El<SEOEWV taU KEvtQOU BOOEVOOV'. 6EV ELxa. 6iJ.We;. IJ.EXQL ~iJ.EQa tn liwat6't1]ta va tLe; al;LOltOL~OW. ME tnv E1JXmQta tne; liLoQYavWone; t01J A' IIavu,,~vL01J l:UiJ.ltOOt-01J "H 'Eliwoa xm n ltEQLOX~ tne;", 0 yvwm:6e; LcrtOQLoot<plle; xm IJ.E"Etnt~e; 't1]e; Lm:oQtae; tne; 'Eliwoae;. fLOOQyoe; TouotIJ.ne;, ELXE tnV xa'-W<Tlivt] va SEOEL m:n liLa­SE~ IJ.01J ltQ60SEta EYYQaq>a an6 to tliLO aQXEto·. 'EtOL OxnIJ.attm:1]XE !!ia LXU­VOltOLntLX~ O1J .... oy~ avtxootwv EYYQaq>wv IJ.E E!;mQEtLXa evliLaq>EQov u"Lx6 YLa tOY aIJ.wtLx6 ayOOva m:nv 'Eliwoa xm tnV ltEQLOX~ tne; xata 't1]v LliLattEQa xQt­OLIJ.n XQOvLa t01J 1905.

Ta ltEQLo06tEQa an6 ta EYYQOQXl auta Eq>EQOV tnV UltoyQO~ "IIUQIJ.EvtwV". EVOO Evae; IJ.LxQ6tEQOe; aQLSiJ.6e; tnv UltoYQOq>~ "EUIJ.Evne;". H 'liltaQ!;n ltOnoov 1j>E1J1iwviliJ.Wv xm O1JvSnIJ.atLxOOv HI;EWV otn IJ.UOtLX~ annwYQaq>ta xaSLot01)OE liOOxo"n tnV al;LoMYTJOn twv It''nQOq>QQLOOV xm tn O1JOXEtLOn iJ.E yvwota ltQ6-owlta,ltou ELxav aValttiJl;EL al;L6 .. oyn liQclon Otnv 'EliEOoa. 16LattEQO avayxata ~tav n anoxa"1J1j>n toU ltQooOOltOU ltOU xQuj36tav lttow an6 to 1j>E1J6rJ:>VUIJ.O "IIaQiJ.Evtwv", ywtt to ltEQLEX6IJ.EVO twv EYYQaq>Wv tOY avaliELXVUE OE nyEtLX~ ltQoowmx6tnta toU ayOOva taU E .... nVLOIJ.OU OtnV ltEQLOX~ . H anoxQUlttoYQa­<pilon EltLtE1lXS1]XE. 6tav iJ.lt6QEOa va tauttow to YQOq>Lx6 xaQOxt~Qa taU ouvta­xtn twv El<SEOEWV iJ.E 6Laq>oQEe; EltLm:O"'e; lta .. motEQwv EtOOv ltOU Etxa OE q>WtO­t1Jltta Elttone; an6 to AYE. OL EltLotoHe; El<ELVEe; UltoYQclq>Qvtav an6 tOY ASava­OLO <l>QclY"o. 6LE1JSUvt~ tnV EltOX~ EXEtvn tOU nIJ.LY1lIJ.vaolou BooevOOv. Am6e;, WLlt6v ~av 0 "IIaQiJ.EvLwv". fQaIJ.IJ.atEae; tne; tQLav6Qtae; tou KEvtQOU B06E­vOOv7. OL an06txtEe; twv EXSEOEWV avaq>EQOvtm m:Le; ltQOoq>W~OELe; we; (a) "<I>t"tatoe;". «(3) "l:E(3UOIJ.LOOtatoe;", (y) "EU6YLIJ.Oe; <l>t"oe;", (6) '·'Ayannt6e;". Alt6 tnv ltQOoE'~nx~ iJ.EHtn xm 6LaOtauQwon tOU ltEQLExoi!EvoU tWV EXSEOEWV ltQO-

5. ME'ta Jt(JQOOo ,.uac; uxooue"tlac; JtEQUtOlJ eO. i19t:).u ebtiJ va ruxaoLO'ttlOOJ tU; &u6 vt(lQE<; tmE 1tT\.IXWUx,O'UC,; tTj<; ~LAOO<XPLyi)C; 'tOll navEJuotTuJ.(ou A9rrv<irv,1tou IA£ l3oTt9rroav <m}\' EQt'u­va tOlJ AYE. 'tl] MaQLtna OLXOVOIl0ltOUAOlJ, blhaxtOQ<l IOlOQ(ac; tOll navtmolTJl.d.o1J tnc; OSqx'>Qbl1C; xmoiu.lf·QO. avwt€QO OtO.tXoc; OTT] MEtOQ)QO.O'tlXfl Y1tl1QEola tOO EuQ<OJtu'CxoU Kot­voj3<ruk(ou, 'X.(U 11'] A(ALQV K(lQ<lATt. blbaxtOQu lOU rTavtltLO'tT]\.ltO'U llClQLOlwv x<lL oi)lJ.EQ<1 At­'KtOQO. lo"moiae; OlO naVEJUOtTU.lLO AfhJvwv.

6. To. 3tEQl.Oo6tEQ<l tyyoaq>a tOll KtvtQOlJ "n" j3Qt8rr"av o'to AYE, <l>6.x.. A' 1905/AAK, U-Z (EEEII. 'HJt£LQoc;). H EJ.I.1!ElQLiGtl 'tal;Lv6IlTJ011 xaL 11 61..11 xO.'too'tOOTJ ItOU EJtlXQ<l'tEL OlO AQXE(O uUl6 . j"V(oolTj a7t6 XQ&vta owu:; to'tOQLXOU; EQ£lJVI1lE:; . &tv rtaQEX01JV EXtyyuo. 6u ExOW EVlOrtLoGE( 61..a la OXEtLxCt EY'fQ<l<pa lOU KEvtOOU BOOEVWV.

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6EV ~Q~O o'AA~ l!noYQo'P~. Qot600 tvo \j!El!OWVlJIlO rnovEQx6tov OQXEtEe; qJOQEe; one; EXSEOHe;: "'OIl~QOe;". An6 to otmXElo ~ ne; EVEQYELEe; nOl! onoot60v­tOV 0' om6v, q>atvnaL 6n ~tav o'tOiJ.O IlE xUQOe; XaL OO~QEe; oQiJ.ooL6t~tEe; 0XE­nxo' iJ.E t~ Ill!OnX~ £A'-~VLX~ oQoot~QL6t~to ot~v 'Eowoo XaL ot~v nEQwx~. 'Htov O,QaYE 0 ~LOIl~XOVOe; lwo'v~; Xml;~vtxoe;, toy onoto ovo'PtQEL 0 LotOQL­x6e; t~e; 'EoEoooe; El!ot. ktol!y,ovv<ix~e;, we; IltAoe; t~e; tQwvotae; tOll KEvtQal!);9 'H Il~""'e; xMmOe; O,AAOe; EY"Q"OC; EOwootoe; nel! rnwll,1;6tov 'O,ottEQa oo~o­Q<l xoSir<OvtO XaL Ill!OnXEe; arcootoAte; XaL, 6nwe; q>atvEtaL arc6 ne; OWOWOE­OHe; XaL ne; YVWQ'lltEe; toll, xatElXE O~llovt'X~ rn'QQO~ ot~V £l!QVtEQ~ xmvwvto t~e; 'EO£Oooe;, ox61l0 XaL Ilnol;v twv TovQxwv;

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Alt6 tT]V aAAT]AoYQacpta, ooot6oo, ltQO(3aUEL T] T]YEtLxiJ cp'UOLOyvoolLta. to'U rQalLlLatta to'U KtvtQo'U, AOav. <l>Q<lY~o'U, to'U EXltmbE'UtLxoli, lto'U arr6 ta iJ.toa tTl,; bEXnEtta,; to'U 1870, OT]lLaliEIjJE ta EX1tatliE'UtLxa l;,T]tiJiJ.Qta xac ltQootO<TtatTloE OtL,; EOVLXt,; XL\IT]tOltOLiJOEL'; tTl'; 'Ebwoa,; xat tTl'; ltEQLOxiJ,; n]'; yLa ILta 30etta xatltliov.

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18

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EYAffEAOI KQ<l\()I

Evangelos Kofos

Sunlmary

The secret organization of Edessa during the Macedonian struggle

(The reports of the "Vodena Cen/er" during 1905)

412-413

Recently retrieved documents from the files of the Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Athens provide new and revealing data concerning the function and the mission of the secret "Vodena Center" during the Maeedonian Struggle. These documents arc mainly repons by the members of the triumvirate of the secret organization in Edessa.

In assessing the data of these documents in conjuction with our general knowledge of the seCTet operations of the Greek side during the Struggle we could conclude that these arc panicularly enlightening both for the rnaero- and the micro­history of that period.

In terms of the rnacro-histOly, infomlation about the relations of the Greek leaders with the Turkish authorities of the city provide funher evidence of the unique triangular-Greek, l3ulgarian, Turkish - nature of the Struggle. Of equal value arc data concerning the information about the local anned bands and the enlisting of local fighters in the wider units operating in Central Macedonia.

In terms of the micro-history, the role and the contribution of Greek patriots in the city of Edessa and the surrounding villages is clearly established. There arc references concerning operations within the city, the "economic war" against the Bulgarians and their sympathizers, as well as the welfare system for the fighters' families and particularly for the children of the victims of the war. Equally imeresting is the system of commuoication and the chain of pOlitical and military command of the Greek org~U1ization, as revealed by the correspondence of the "Vodena Center" both with the Thessaloniki Greek Consulate General and the military regional Commander Kapctan Akritas, Le. Lieutenant Konstantinos Mazarakis. with headquarters in the Veroia-Naoussa region.

Na less :;ignifieant is the information conceming the activities of individuals and personalities of Edessa. A list of all persons cited in the documents in annexed to this paper.

Nevertheless. one should bear in mind the limitations of the archives at the di.'posal of the author. as they cover a rather short period (the second halI of 1905), albeit a turning point in the Struggle for Edcssa and, indeed, for Central Macedonia, aswcll.