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第 6 章 数据库安全. 本章要点. 数据库完整性:记录完整性、数据正确性和更新完整性 数据库安全:访问控制、推理和聚集 多级安全数据库:分区、加密封装和过滤数据 数据挖掘应用的安全. 保护数据是大多数安全系统的核心,许多用户依靠 数据库管理系统 (DBMS, database management system) 来管理并保护数据。基于此原因,我们重点研究数据库管理系统的安全,并将其作为一个示例来说明如何设计并实现完成特殊任务的应用程序的安全。 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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6
(DBMS, database management system)
6.1 6.1.1 (database)(database administrator)(database manager)(DBMS)[(front end)]
6.1.2 (record)(field)(element) 6.1
6.1.2 () 6.1
6.1.2 () (schema)(subschema) 6.2 6.1
6.1.2 () (attribute)(relation)(cluster)234n(n)6.3
6.1.2 () DBMS(query)SQL
6.1.2 () (project)()- SHOW NAME, FIRST WHERE ZIP=432106.5 -
6.1.2 () (join) SELECT NAME, AIRPORT FROM NAME-ZIP JOIN ZIP-AIPORT ON NAME-ZIP.ZIP=ZIP-AIPORT.ZIP 6.2 --
6.1.3 #
6.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
6.2.1 DBMS DBMS
6.2.2 DBMS (1) DBMS(field check)
6.2.2 () (2) (access control) (3) (change log)
6.2.3 ()
6.2.3 () [(pass-through problem)]
6.2.4 DBMS
6.2.4 () (inference)DBMS
6.2.5 DBMSDBMSDBMS
6.2.6 DBMS DBMSBDMSDBMS
6.2.7 // BDMS
6.3 (reliability)DBMS (1) (2) (3)
6.3.1 I/O
6.3.2 Lampson SturgisDBMS
6.3.2 () (intent)DBMS(committing)(commit flag)DBMS
6.3.2 ()
6.3.2 () 10710050 (1) 50 (2) 50 (3) 50 (4) 57(107-50=57) (5) 50
6.3.2 () (shadow value) (1) COMMIT-FLAG (2) (3) TCLIPS = ONHAND -REQUISITION (4) BUDGET TBUDGET = BUDGET - COST (5) TCLIPSTREORDER =TRUE TREORDER = FALSE
6.3.2 () (1) COMMIT-FLAG (2) TCLIPSCLIPS (3) TBUDGETBUDGET (4) TREORDERREORDER (5) (6) COMMIT-FLAG # T
6.3.3 / DBMS (Hamming)
6.3.4 DBMS
6.3.5 / DBMS
6.3.5 /() AMock5D11D14DB8A-B-C11D-E-FA11DB11D-E-F
6.3.5 /() DBMS//11D ABADBMS
6.3.6 (monitor)DBMS
6.3.6 () (state constraint) DBMS
6.3.6 () (transition constraint) #
6.4 (sensitive data)
6.6 6.4 ()#
6.4 () (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
6.4.1 DBMSDBMS
6.4.1 ()
6.4.2
6.4.2 () How many people have 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue as their official residence? (Response: 4) How many people have 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue as their official residence and have YES as the value of TORY? (Response: 1) 25%
6.4.3 (precision)
6.4.3 ()6.3
6.5 (inference)6.6AIDFINESDRUGS
6.5.1 List NAME where SEX=MDRUGS=1 List NAME where (SEX=M DRUGS=1)(SEXMSEX F) (DORM=AYRES) # nk%nk%
6.5.2 6.7
6.5.2 ()
6.8
6.5.2 () 6.4
6.5.2 () 6.9 # Majorsdrug-use2Majorsq = median(AID where SEX = M)p = median(AID where DRUGS = 2)Majors$2000
6.5.2 () (tracker attack)
6.5.2 () count ((SEX=F)(RACE=C)(DORM=Holmes)) DBMS1q = count(abc)=count(a)-count(a (b c)) count (SEX=F) (6) count ((SEX=F)((RACEC)(DORMHolmes))) (5)
6.5.2 ()
()()
6.5.2 ()
6.5.2 () nk% 6.10 () #
6.5.2 () 6.12 6.11
6.5.2 () 0~19992000~39994000100~56~1516~25
6.5.2 ()
6.5.2 () xi iixi
6.5.2 () (1)
6.5.2 () (2) (3) #
6.5.3 (aggregation) (data mining)
6.6 6.13 ()
6.6.1 6.14 ()
6.6.1 () (1) (2) (3)
6.6.2
6.6.3 / *-DBMS
6.6.3 () (polyinstantiation)()
6.6.3 () 6.15 #
6.7 6.7.1
6.7.1 ()
6.7.1 () 6.5 6.6
6.7.1 () 10000
6.7.1 () (integrity lock) 6.7
6.7.1 () (1) (2) (3) (cryptographic checksum)
6.7.1 () ()() 6.8
6.7.1 () (sensitivity lock)() 6.9
6.7.2 ()
6.7.2 () 6.10
6.7.2 () (1) (2) (3)
6.7.2 () (guard)
6.7.2 () 6.11
6.7.2 () DBMS (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) I/O (6) (7) (8) (9)
6.7.2 () (commutative filter)DBMSDBMS (1) (2) DBMS (3)
6.7.2 () retrieve NAME where ((OCCUP=PHYSICIST) (CITY=WASHDC)) retrieve NAME where ((OCCUP=PHYSICIST) (CITY=WASHDC)) from all records R where (NAME-SECRECY-LEVEL (R)USER-SECRECY-LEVEL) (OCCUP-SECRECY-LEVEL (R)USER-SECRECY-LEVEL)(CITY-SECRECY-LEVEL (R)USER-SECRECY-LEVEL))
6.7.2 () 6.12 DBMSDBMS
6.7.2 () (distributed)(federated database)DBMS DBMS
6.7.2 () / (window)(view) view AGENT-INFO FLTNO:=MASTER.FLTNO ORIG:=MASTER.ORIG DEST:=MASTER.DEST DEP:=MASTER.DEP ARR:=MASTER.ARR CAP:=MASTER.CAP where MASTER.TYPE='PASS' class AGENT auth retrieve
6.7.2 () 6.16 (a) (b)
6.7.2 () (filtering)() ()UNDEFINED()()
6.7.2 () Sea(Trusted Computing Base, TCB)DBMS
6.7.2 () 6.13
6.7.3
6.8 (data mining)
6.8 () ()()()()()
6.8 ()
6.8.1
6.8.2
6.8.2 () //15
6.8.3 ()
6.9 DBMS