课件十：课件十： American Civil War American Civil War 美国内战 （美国内战 （ 10-1-110-1-1 ））

提纲：一、独立战争后美国的领土扩张二、北方资本主义的发展与南方奴隶制 的矛盾三、美国人民反对奴隶制的斗争四、内战的爆发及其进程 · 《解放宣言》与 《宅地法》五、内战的意义及战后南方的重建

The Louisiana Purchase （ 1803 ） 购买路易斯安纳 (10-1-2)

Territory got from Mexico after A-M WaTerritory got from Mexico after A-M War(1846-48) r(1846-48) 美墨战后从墨西哥攫取的领土 美墨战后从墨西哥攫取的领土

（（ 10-1-310-1-3 ））

Territory Expansion of AmericanTerritory Expansion of American

美国的领土扩张美国的领土扩张 (10-1-4(10-1-4 ））

Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise 密苏里妥协案 （密苏里妥协案 （ 18201820 ）） (10-2-1)(10-2-1)

free and slave states (1860)free and slave states (1860) 自由州与蓄奴州 自由州与蓄奴州 (10-2-2(10-2-2 ））

黑人奴隶的悲惨处境 黑人奴隶的悲惨处境 (10-2-3)(10-2-3)

Underground Railroad Underground Railroad 地下铁道地下铁道

Uncle Tom’s CabinUncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)(1852) 《《汤姆叔叔的小屋汤姆叔叔的小屋 》 》（（ 10-2-410-2-4 ））

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, written by Stowe an American writer, is an antislavery novel which had great political influence.

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (1809-65) (1809-65) 林肯 林肯 （（ 10-3-10-3-11 ））

16th president of (1861-65) the U.S.A., a republican. He taught himself law, entered Congress (1848), and campaigned against slavery. His election as president, on an antislavery program, provoked the secession of the Southern states. He fought the resulting Civil War, to save the Union. He promised moderate towards the defeated South, but was assassinated by Booth, a Southern fanatic.

Fall of Fort Sumter Started Civil WarFall of Fort Sumter Started Civil War 萨姆特要塞的陷落 萨姆特要塞的陷落 · · 美国内战的开始 美国内战的开始 (10-3-2)(10-3-2)

Fort Sumter :

a fort in Charleston harbor, South Carolina, where the troops of the Confederacy fired the shots, that began the Civil War (April 12-14).

Union States and Confederation StatUnion States and Confederation States es 联邦与南部同盟联邦与南部同盟

Robert LeeRobert Lee （（ 1807-701807-70 ）） 罗伯特 罗伯特 · · 李将军 李将军 (10-3-3)(10-3-3)

American commander in chief of the Confederate army in the American Civil War. His military genius won him the admiration both South and North.

Ulysses Simpson Grant Ulysses Simpson Grant (1822-85)(1822-85)

格兰特格兰特 （（ 10-3-410-3-4 ））

A commander-in-chief of the Union army in the Civil War. He was 18th president of U.S.(1869-77). His administration was marked by partisan politics and corruption.

Homestead Act Homestead Act （（ 18621862 ）） 宅地法 宅地法 (10-3-(10-3-

5)5)

First page of the Homestead Act of 1862 . The law was passed (1862) by the the U.S.Congress, under which settlers might each acquire up to 64 hectares of public land for a nominal fee ( ＄ 10), on condition of five years’ residence on, and cultivation of, the plot of the land.                                                      

                                                                                                      

Emancipation ProclamationEmancipation Proclamation

(Jan. 1, 1863)(Jan. 1, 1863) 《解放黑奴宣言》《解放黑奴宣言》 The declaration ，

as a milestone along the road to slavery's final destruction, was

issued (Jan. 1, 1863) by Lincoln abolishing slavery in the Southern states. (picture on left , Past and Future , drawn by Thomas Nast)

Battle of GettysburgBattle of Gettysburg (1-3 July 1863) (1-3 July 1863) 葛第斯堡战役 葛第斯堡战役 （（ 10-3-410-3-4 ））

Gettysburg is a small town in Pennsylvania, where (1-3 July 1863) the Confederate army under Lee was defeated by the Federal army under Meade in what proved to the turning point in the Civil, where (Nov.19,1863) Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address.

Lee‘s Surrender at AppomattoxLee‘s Surrender at Appomattox(April 3 ,1865) (April 3 ,1865) 罗伯特罗伯特 · · 李在阿波托马克斯投降李在阿波托马克斯投降

（（ 10-3-510-3-5 ）） After many battles

General Robert Edward Lee surrendered at Appomattox courtto General Ulysses Simpson Grant . After his surrender Robert Edward Lee becamea hero to the south because of his leadership skills and his courage.