Upload
nguyennhu
View
259
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
:. .
:Arthur Chapman
: .
: :
: [email protected] : http://www.ahdr.info
Copyright: UNDP-ACT, 2011All rights reserved.
fi: GRA.DES www.gra-des.comCover Photographs: Georgios Philippou: KAILAS Printers & Lithographers Ltd., ,
, , (UNDP-ACT) .
, , , , , , . , , . : , , .
T: : , ( ) ISBN: 978-9963-703-23-4
: / , (UNDP) (USAID) ().
: , _1
. 3
. 5
. 7
. 8
. 8
: . 9
. 19
. 19
: . 22
. 24
, . 27
. 27
. 44
: . 47
: . 51
: . 55
. 58
. 60
: . 60
. 70
; . 78
. 92
. 98
.105
: , _3
. (AHDR - MIDE) 2009 2011. , . , - . , - . , , .
. . . , . - , . , , , , , . , 2003, .
: , _5
(UNDP-ACT) . (AHDR) (MIDE) , .
, , . Stephania Costache .
.
: , _7
, - . , , . . , , . , , ., , .
, , . , , , , . , , , , . , . , , . , .
, , , , , , , . , , .
, .
8_ : ,
37 . . , . . , .
, . , , , . , 37 , . , . . . . , . .
1955 1974.1 . , , , - .
1. fi fi .
: , _9
:
: , , , , , , , , , .
1571 . . (Hackett, 1901 Anastasiades, 1979, .15, . ,2002, Taeuber, 1955). . , , . , , Hackett , [] ... ( ) (Hackett, 1901, Anastasiades, 1979, . 15 . , 2002, . 211).
. , (Pollis, 1973). , (Taeuber, 1955). . (, 2002, Pollis, 1973).
Pollis (1973), . 1821 o . , , (. Pollis, 1973, . 588). , , , o (, 2005). , (Pollis, 1973).
, 20 . , 20 (Pollis,.586). , ( ) ( ) ( . Pollis, .585 Panayiotou,2009, ).
1878 , .
10_ : ,
. , 1878 (Katsiaounis, 1996). , , , , , . , , , . , (., 1992, Kliot & Mansfield, 1997). , , . , 1925 . , . 1946, 80% 18% ( , 1946).
: . , . , , . , , (Michell, 1908). , (Kitromilides, 1977). , 19 20, , , , . .
, , , , , . 1881 1921 -, 1931 -, 1946 . , : 1891 346 802 , 1960 114 623 (Patrick, 1976).2 , .
, - , 1940. , - . , 1950, - ,
2. Taeuber (1955, .13) fi , 1946.
: , _11
3. , (), , . , EOKA, , .
, . , , ( ) 1940. , , 4, () . , , , , . , (. An, 2004, .136) - , - . 1955 , , . (. , 2004, .31,An, 2004, .92-93).
, , . Packard (2008), TMT - , - . , , (Attalides, 1979). 1958 . (Packard, 2008, .16), . , (. Kliot & Mansfield, 1997, .499). , , (), , 1944. , , (Kappler & ,2010, 1999, An, 2004, , 2004).5
1959 . , ,
3. , 1955 fi 1959, fi .
4. Trk Mukavemet Tekilat (Turkish Resistance Organisation)5. An (2004, .128-129) fi fi 1955.
12_ : ,
(Kiziliurek, 1999, .60). , .
16 1960 , . , . . , . 1964 1971 (. Patrick, 1976, .28). (, 2002).
1962, - . ( ) (Packard, 2008, .17). (. , 2004, .52, 44).
1963, 13 , . 1963 1964. , . , (Patrick, 1976). . , , , . , , . (Patrick, 1976, .360-1). , 1964 .
1960 114 . 1963-64 . (Patrick, 1976). , (CYTA) (. Packard , .75-76; Patrick, .111). Packard (2008, .52-3) 1964 , , , . ,
: , _13
. . , .
Packard:
( )... (.131).
, , T. (. Packard, 2008, .135).
. : , , , . , (Packard, 2008, .135), .
, , , (Patrick, 1976). , , , . , T (Packard,2008). , (see Packard, 2008).
. , , (Packard, 2008). , , , (Patrick, 1976).
, , . , (Packard, 2008, .90). , , , , (, 1989 , 2011, . Patrick, 1976, .133, , 2004, . 44, An, 2004, . 136).
14_ : ,
, (Patrick, 1976, .112), . , 1964, , , (Patrick,1976, .345).
, , , , , . , , , (. Packard, 2008; Kliot & Mansfield, 1997; , 2004).
1963 1964 72 24 12 (Patrick, 1976,.340). Patrick (1976) Packard (2008), . , , , , , (Patrick, 1976). , , (. Packard, 2008, .68, .73).
, 42 . , 3-4% , . 115 (Kliot & Mansfield, 1997). , (Kliot & Mansfield, 1997). 6 . Patrick (1976), : , .
, , (Packard, 2008, Canefe, 2002). , .
6. 1964 2500 , fi fi . , fi . , fifi (. , 2011, .11).
: , _15
, , (Packard, 2008).
, .7 , .8 . , Packard (2008, .124) , , (.. , , , ), . .
, 1963-64, 20,000-25,000 ( ) 200-300 6 (Patrick, 1976). 1964, , , . Packard (2008), 1963 1964 135 45. , 350 200 (Patrick, 1976).
9 55 125 (Patrick, 1976). , . , . , . , , , , , , (Patrick, 1976). ( Patrick, 1976, .21). , , , , , (Kliot & Mansfield, 1997, . Attalides, 1977 Canefe, 2002, .13). , , , , , , . , , , . 1967
7. fi fi Packard (2008, . 50).
8. Packard (2008) fi (.101)
9. fi 1964 fi .
16_ : ,
, -, . 21 . , .
1967-1974, . - . , , , (Patrick, 1976). , . , . 1968 , , , . 1971 , , . , , 1970 1972, (, 2008). , - , .
, 1970 346 1891 48(. 1 ). 1960 1970. , 1891 and 1931, (. Asmussen, 1996) . 30 , 1931 1960, , , 1950 . 1970 , 10% . , Patrick (1976) 1970 , , . , (Patrick, 1976, .8).
1971, 2 000 19 5 , 57 (Patrick, 1976).
1974, , , , . . , ( 180 000 ) . , . 30 000 ,
: , _17
1. 1891 1970 ( Patrick, 1976)
T % % % T
1891 346 342 114 802 43 43 14
1931 252 358 84 694 36 52 12
1960 114 392 117 623 18 63 19
1970 48 444 11 503 10 88 2
., ., .
, 1965, . 1975, 37% , . 162 . 1 000 . , 1 500 27010 (Attalides, 1979).
1974 . . . , , , . , , . , .
, . 37 . 48 1970, . , , , .
1983 , (), .
10. fi , www.cmo-cyprus.org/ (fi 15/5/2011)
18_ : ,
23 2003 , , 1974.11 29 , , , . , 2004, ( ) 76% 65% .12 .
11. O , fi fi , fi fi.
12. . , (2007), Bahceli (2004) Coufoudakis (2004).
: , _19
. , : . , . . (Psaltis & Duveen, 2006). , , (Papadakis, 2008, Psaltis, ). , , . , , . , , . -/- , , , , .
, , , , , . , , (.. Tajfel & Turner, 1979, 1986).
, , . , ., , . , (Sherif, 1966). , ) ( , -). Stephan Stephan(1996), , . -.
, -. , . , , . , ,
20_ : ,
. , . (..Blanz, Mummenday & Otten, 1995, Sachdev & Bourhis, 1987). , ( Taeuber, 1955), , . , , .
, . ., . 1963-1964 , , (Patrick, 1976, ackard, 2008). , , . . , , . .
Muzafer Sherif (1966) . Sherif , , - .
, Sherif 22-24 12 2 . , , . , . . . , , , . , . , . , , . , . . , , . , , . . Sherif (1966) , (.. Brown, Condor, Matthews, Wade & Williams, 1986, Struch &
: , _21
Schwartz, 1989). (.. Gonzalez &Brown, 2006, Otten, Mummenday & Blanz, 1996).
. .
22_ : ,
:
. Sherif (1966) , . , ( Brown, 1988).
( Pettigrew & Tropp, 2000). (Allport, 1954) , , , . , - (Pettigrew, 1998), - -. - 500 ( Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006) , , Allport (1954) .
, . , - (Gaertner et al., 1999).
- , . - . , . - , -. , , -. , , - - (Gaertner et al., 1999). , : (Gaertner et al., 1999).
- (Nier & Gaertner, 2001). . - , .
: , _23
-, . -, -, (Gomez, Dovidio, Huici, Gaertner, Cuadrado, 2008). - , - (Gomez et al., 2008). , - , -, , -, - (Gomez et al., 2008).
, ( Pettigrew and Tropp, 2000). , , - . , , .
24_ : ,
- , . .
(, ), .
, , , . , , (Psaltis, ). , , . , , , , (Hadjipavlou-Trigeorgis, 1993).
Djordje Stefanovic . , . - - . , Stefanovic , , . , , -, (Stefanovic, 2007).
180,000 . , (Wagner, Christ, Pettigrew, Stellmacher, Wolf, 2006). . , . , (.. Wagner & van Dick, 2001, Wagneret al., 2006, .381) , . . ,
: , _25
-, , . , . , ( 180,000 ) , . - . , , . , .
, . , . , , , . , , , . , , (Karatsioli, 2010).
- . 1950 1970. , . .
, . , , , . , . . , , . , : , , .13
13. fi fi fi (2010), . 62- 68.
26_ : ,
, . . , 1958, , 1963 . , , - . . , , . , . , , 1990 , , . , , . , , (Karatsioli, 2010). , , .
.
: , _27
. . , . , , . , , , . , , .
, 1945, .
, , ( ) 4 ( ), : 2 8 . , (Asmussen,1996). Asmussen (1996), - , .
1945 , , 1960 , 1 4 , . (Patrick, 1976). , , (Markides, 2001). , 1963-64 .
, 1963-64, . , de jure . , : . , , , , (Patrick, 1976, . 82).
,
28_ : ,
. , , - . . , , (Patrick, 1976). . , , , , .
, , , (Patrick,1976, . 465). Patrick, , . , . , .
: , _29
, . 1883 (Asmussen, 1996). 1909, 1914 . , 1925 1938. , . 2 .
2. 1924 1935 ( , 1965,.59)
1924 28
1925 29
1930 326
1935 339
: , .. , , . , , . , . (, , , , ), .
, , 1930, 150 , . , 1936 1938 , . , , , , . , , . , 1931-1933, , , , , . , . , 3.
30_ : ,
1959 . , . . . , 1958 ( Asmussen, 1996), 1958 80, . .
To 1959, 1958, . , , . ( 4) , , 1959.
4. ( , 1965, .223)
- -
469 115 13
17 10
, 1958 (n=80). , 1958 , .
3. ( , 1965, .101).
1945 1952 1962
18 152 308
3600 27820 58600
: , _31
. . , . , , , , .
, . , ( Beckingham, 1957). , 1950, , , , , . , 1950, , .
Beckingham (1957) , , , . , (Kirklar Tekke, ) . , , . , Beckingham, (Beckingham,. 173). , . , . , , . . , 19 , ( Pollis,1973). , 1960, (, 2009, . 4, , 2002, . 202). , , (, 2009).
, , . , ,
32_ : ,
(, 2009). , , . , , .
: , _33
Asmussen (1996), , , . - .
, . , . , (, 2001). , , 1881 (, 2001, . 210).
, Loizos 1950 (Loizos, 1967 Asmussen, 1996). , Asmussen , ( Asmussen, 1996. .104). , ,, , . (2009) , , (2010). , Packard (2008, .139) , , . , Packard , , , (Packard, 2008; 2009). , (, 1938, Pollis 1973), Pollis (1973) . , 18 . (Pococke, 1743, Beckingham, 1957, .173).
, , . Beckingham 1957 , (.173). , , ( Uludag, 2005).
34_ : ,
Beckingham 1957, (.166). , 1957 , ( , 2002, .202), (.. Ipsillat) (.. Bogaz ). , . , 14. 1958 , , (Kappler & Petrou, 2010).
, . , 1974 . (Baysal, 2010)., 1958 1974 . ( , ), ( ) 1990 .
14. fi Beckingham (1957), .166
: , _35
. , , , , , , 15. , ( Beyli, 2010).
, , . , . Zehra Beyli (2010) , , . , , .
, , . Beyli (2010) : , Beyli .
Cakal , 2 1,, , (Cakal, 2007). . , Cakal - (Cakal, 2007).
Hewstone (Psaltis & Hewstone, 2008) : . Hewstone , , , , , . - . , (Harwood, Raman & Hewstone 2006) , . , , , . , ,
15. , fi 60.
36_ : ,
, , , , , . , , , , .
: , _37
, , , . , . , , , . , , , , Beckingham (1957), .
19 , , , ( ,1937 Pollis, 1973, .587). 19 , , , . , , , , .
. . , , (Kappler & Petrou, 2010). 1878. , (Kappler & Petrou, 2010). , , , , . , , .
, . , . 1960 38% , 1% .
, , . , , (Beckingham, 1957, . 170). Kappler Petrou (2010, .6), , (5.4% 1891 1.3% 1946). , 1946, 0.32% (Patrick, 1976, .13)16.
16. fi fi fi , , fi .
38_ : ,
1958 ! (Vatanda Trke konu!), . (Kappler & Petrou, 2010, .7). 1964 (Patrick, 1976, .13), .
, . , .
: , _39
, . , , , . , . , , .
, 1571 1754, , . (, 1992; Patrick, 1976). 1878 76 64 . , . (Weir,1952, .23). Canon Newham 1902, :
, . ...( Weir,.72).
, , , . 5 .
5. ( Newham, 1902, Anastasiades, 1979, .25).
5 - 15
1881
1891
1901
45952
50500
54776
14
28
37
16
28
39
15
28
38
40_ : ,
, . , (Newham, 1902, Weir, 1952, .25). , ( 1933; Anastasiades,1975, .70). , (Pollis,1973, Taeuber, 1955). , , , . 2 (Anastasiades, 1975, . 23-27).
, . , ( ,2000). , , , . (Weir, 1952, .121). (Weir, 1952). , , (Weir,1952, .115). , 1892 , 1898, ( Anastasiades, 1975, .34).
, 17 . . , , , , Ilmi-jal, , , , (Newham, 1902, Anastasiades, 1975, .31; Weir, 1952, .72). Talbot Cape 1913:
, Ilmi-jal. , , , (cited in Weir, 1952, .35).
, (Luke & Jardine, 1920, Weir, .73). , . , 1904 13
17. fi fi fi , fi , , .
: , _41
, , (Anastasiades, .40). , , ( 1934-35, Weir, .35).
, - , , .
, , . , . (2009), , 20 , , , , ( Pollis, 1973).
. , , . , , , .(Anastasiades, 1975; 1979). , , -.
, ( , 2002). . . (1992), . , , .
1923 1959 , (Persianis, 1978). , : (1) (2) (3) (4) (Weir,1952). , , , . . , , , , 19 20, 1920 1930[ ].
42_ : ,
1929, , :
1929, , ,, ( 1934-35 Weir, . 28).
. (Anastasiades 1975, .50), , , , . , .
. ( ):
... ... . ... , . (Weir, 1952, .99-104).
, . , . , Weir:
(Talbot & Cape, 1913, Weir, .28).
, (Anastasiades, 1975; 1979, Weir, 1952).
, 1933, . 1934-35 ( Weir, 1952) :
() , , () , , , , , ... (.36).
, 1937 . , , , Palmer 1936
: , _43
(An, 2005). 1930, , , . 1940, 1950, , 1946 .
1960, , . , , (Pollis, 1973; Anastasiades, 1979). , . , (1992) ( ), . 1963, , . . , 1965, .
44_ : ,
1974, , ( Patrick, 1976). , . , 1974 , . , 1974 , , . , .
(Bryant, 2008). , , status quo .
Rebecca Bryant , , .
, , (Bryant, 2008). . Bryant . . , , , , 1974, . , Bryant , , . . , , (Bryant, 2008).
, , . Bryant, , . ,
: , _45
1950 1974. , , . , , , (Papadakis, 1998). , , : (Papadakis, 1998, .156-158).
Bryant . , , , , . , (Uludag, 2005). , , 1974, (Loizos, 2008). . Loizos 1974, , 1974. , Loizos, (Loizos, 2008, .25). , . , , , . , , , , .
, (Canefe, 2002). . , 1950 1960 , 1974 . . 1950, , , , - (Canefe, 2002).
, , . Roger Zetter, , , , (Zetter, 1998). H ,
46_ : ,
, . , - ., (Zetter, 1998). , , 1974.
: , _47
:
, () ; 1974 .
Peter Loizos . 19 , . 1950 , (Loizos, 1981). , 1974 (Loizos, 1981). . , , (Loizos, 1981).
, . , . 1974, , . , , (Loizos, 1981, .144). 1974, (Loizos, 1981, .46). , Loizos (Loizos, 1981, .42).
, Peter Loizos 1974 , . , (Loizos, 2008, .37). Paul Sant Cassia (Sant Cassia, 2005, Loizos, 2008).
, , . , . , , (Loizos, 2008). (Loizos, 2008, .73).
48_ : ,
Loizos , Eral Akarturk (2008) Loizos . Akarturk . , Akarturk . , , . , .
, , , . 1960. . , . , , . , .
, . , , . , .
, (Cabrera, 2009). . 1974, , . , . 1955-1959, , . (Cabrera, .8). 1974 , . , 1974 (, , ) . . 1974. 1974 2003 , , . , , (Cabrera, 2009).
: , _49
, Zehra Beyli . Beyli : , . , . 1963-64, , , . . , . . . , : .
, . , . 700 750 350 500 . 60, . . , , , . , . , : , , 1960 . , .
Zehra Beyli (2010) , (Philippou , 2010) . , : , . , . , : , , . , . , , .
, , . ,
50_ : ,
1963, . 1963-64, , . , . , , , . , ( 1968-69) , . , , . , , . , , . :
... [ ]... [ ], (Philippou, 2010, .12).
: , _51
:
( ). , 2003, . , 1974 (.. Constantinou& Papadakis, 2001; Cakal, 2007). , .
, (Constantinou & Papadakis, 2001). , , (Constantinou & Papadakis, 2001).
(Papadakis 1997, 2009) , 1994 1995. , . , , . , . , , , , .
(Papadakis 1997, 2009) . : 1963-64 1974 . .
, . , , . , , , 1821 : (, 2009, . 317). , . , . , :
52_ : ,
, . , . , , , (, 2009, .326). , , , , ., , , . , , .
, , . , 1990 , , (1997, 2009, Constantinou& Papadakis, 2001). , , . : , . : , , . , , . , .
Huseyin Cakal (Cakal, 2007). Cakal , . , Cakal, , . , Cakal . , Cakal : 1974, . , 1960 , 1963 1974. 1955, 1960 1963. 1974, Cakal , , .
: , _53
. , , , (Cakal, 2007). 200318, , , . , , , , (.. 1996), 1974.
Hewstone (2008) . , . Hewstone , , , -. , . , (, , ) . , . , , , . .
, , 61.3% 86.6% . . . , . , , . , , .
, Hewstone (2008) , . , . , , ,
18. 2003 fi fi fi . fi, fi fi . , fi
54_ : ,
19, - .
(Karatsioli, 2010) , . , (.43). , , , , 1974 , . . , , , . , , , . . , 1963-64. . , , 1963-64 . , , , . , , , . , , , . , , .
19. (intergroup salience) fi (Harwood, Raman and Hewstone, 2006).
: , _55
:
, .
2003 . , :
, , , , .
, , , .
, 1974, . , . Peter Loizos, , , . , , ( ) . - (Loizos, 2008). , (Loizos, 2008). Loizos . , , . , .
. , , , .
2003 . .
56_ : ,
. , . , . : (Beyli, 2010, .12). . (Beyli,2010, .14). . , . : . , .
2003. , , status quo. Cabrera (2009), . , , . , . , :
(Beyli, 2010, .21-22).
3-4 . . . Cabrera, . . . , . , . . . , 1974 .
, , . .
: , _57
, . , , , . (Cabrera,2009, .15) , . .
(Beyli, 2010). status quo . , status quo , . . , . , (Beyli, 2010) .
. . . , .
1900 100 . . , .
58_ : ,
, . , .
, , . , , , , . , , . , , .
. , AHDR-MIDE, , .
, A, , E T , , . , (Noverna) (Kadem). , 10 10 . , . 173 45 1 .
. 1955-1959, 1963-1964 1974, 1955 1974. , . , , . , ( ) , , .
, 1960 ( 1960). , - , 1960 ., 97 , 1.
: , _59
, . , , .
. , , . () ., . , . , . , , . , 20, 2 . , , .
. . , , , . .
1005 . 55% 45% , 68 .
882 . 55% 45% , 61 .
20. , fi fi .
60_ : ,
:
1974. .
. , 1.
1 (32.1%) 2 (18.9%)
3 (16.3%) 4 (32.6%)
1. .
: , _61
2. ;
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
58.4%
44.5%
14.0%15.1%
16.4%
20.1%
6.2%4.8% 5.0%
15.5%
O
TK
60.0%
1, 32.1% 1, . , 18.9%, 2, 16.3% 3. ,6% 4 .
. , . 2, (58.4%) (44.5%) . , , 15.5% , 5% .
62_ : ,
3. - -;
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
fi- fi
-fi
30.9%
60.1%
56.3%
29.3%
7.7%
2.0% 2.6%3.1%
2.3%
O
EK
60.0%
. -21 ( ), (60.1%) , 29.3% . , (56.3%) , 30.9% . , - , - ( 3).
21. -, fi fi fi . fi, - , , .
5.7%
: , _63
/ . (73.1%) , , 39.7% ( 4).
4. - / ;
40.0%
20.0%
0.0%
39.7%
73.1%
19.1%20.7%
18.8%
4.1%
14.7%
1.6%
7.6%
0.5%
O
EKTK
60.0%
80.0%
. (83.4%) , 62.9% , 31.7% 12.1% ( 5). , .
64_ : ,
5. ;
100.0%
20.0%
0.0%
83.4%
62.9%
12.1%
31.7%
3.3% 4.2%1.1% 1.0% 0.1% 0.1%
80.0%
60.0%
40.0%
. 6 . . , 68.9% , 8.6% . , 31.3 % , 3.2% . . , , 6.7% . , 32.5% , 4.6% .
O
EKTK
3.2%
31.3%
4.6%
32.5%
12.9%
52.0%
52.6%
38.7%
54.3%
61.7%
4.2%
23.7%
4.2%
25.1%
10.5%
20.7%
9.4%
27.7%
8.8%
16.1%
4.8%
19.7%
5.1%
21.2%
22.0%
14.9 %
10.4%
19.4%
9.7%
11.5%
18.8%
16.1%
19.5%
13.8 %
22.5%
8.0%
12.4%
9.2%
10.3%
6,6%
68.9 %
8.6%
66.1%
6.7%
30.8%
4.0%
10.6%
4.8%
13.6%
3.5%
4.46
2.47
4.39
2.37
3.48
1.91
2.15
2.13
2.17
1.73
: , _65
6. - .
, - ( );
- ;
, - (.. ,, , , );
- ;
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
- ;
: - .
- , , , , , . , . 52% , 53.3% .
, , -. (62% 66.4% ) (63.1% 77.7% ) , . , - , , (33.5% 27.5% ).
66_ : ,
, -. , . 7, (78.8%) 1974 . , (14.7%) . , . , (77.8%) , (14%). , , (80.9%) , (13.6%) .
7. - 1974,
4.1%
29.4%
5.9%
34.8%
4.0%
29.3%
5.9%
25.5%
5.3%
23.6%
5.7%
25.7%
10.3%
29.0%
9.9%
25.9%
8.1%
29.8%
32.0%
10.1%
31.9%
10.5%
36.2%
10.1%
46.8%
4.6%
45.9%
3.5%
44.7%
3.5%
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
, . , :
: , _67
9 , . , . . 0.33, 0.75, 1 . , , 58% 1 , . , 4% 1.
Volkan. (63.9%) Volkan, (52.8%) Volkan ( 7).
7. Volkan;
20.0%
0.0%
fi- fi
-fi
15.1%
12.1%
63.9%
15.2%
10.7%
19.8%
4.4%
34.8%
5.8%
18.0%
O
EKTK
60.0%
40.0%
, . 74% EOKA, 34.2% . 19.2 % , 2.8% ( 8).
8. Volkan.
68_ : ,
8. ;
20.0%
0.0%
fi- fi
-fi
2.5%
13.0%
74.0%
14.6%16.6%
18.9%
4,1%
34.2%
2.8%
19.2%
O
EKTK
60.0%
40.0%
80.0%
, , . , .
, , Volkan . . , 84.8% 72.9% , 12.6% 21.3% Volkan EOKA ( 8).
NAI OXI
EK
TK
12.6%
21.3%
84.8%
72.9%
: , _69
1955-59, 1963-64 1974. 9, 1974. , 14.5% , 4%. 25% , 5.2% . . : 8.4% 1963-64 21.5% 1974 (0.3% 1963-64 3% 1974).
, , , . , , 1974. , 37% 41% . . 16% 1963-64, 3% . . , , 1974, 36% 41% . , ( 21%) 1963-64.
9. 1955-56, 1963-64 1974.
GCTC
GCTC
GCTC
GCTC
1955-59
0.4%3.3%
1.0%1.7%
2.3%4.1%
1.0%3.6%
1963-64
0.7%7.5%
0.3%8.4%
3.3%16.3%
2.9%20.5%
1974
4.1%14.5%
3.0%21.5%
41.0%36.8%
36.3%41.3%
, , 1974, , 1963-64, . , , 1974 .
70_ : ,
:
. , , , , , . , , , .
, . , , . , .
, , . , , :
1.
2.
3.
2 3 1 , 2 3 1 .
, , 2 3 1, . , .
, (Cronbachs ) .22 0.60 Cronbachs , 0.70 , 1.00 . 14 . , Likert 5, 1 5 , . 14 10 (. 72) .
22. fi : Jose M. Cortina (1993). What is Coefficient Alpha? An examination of Theory and Applications. Journal ofApplied Psychology, 78(1), 98-104.23.
: , _71
, , . , , - , . -/-, , .23
, . , , , -. . , - , -.
. , . . - - 0 100 .24 - 1 10, 10 -.
, , , . , ( . 60). .
, 1974. , .
23. fi (2007).
24. fi Geoffrey Haddock, Mark Zanna, and Victoria M. Esses (1993). Assessing the structure of prejudicial attitudes:The case of attitudes toward homosexuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1105-1118. fi . , fi .
72_ : ,
10. Cronbachs 25
(6 )
;( ) , - , , ,
.79 .90
EK TK
(3 )
/ / / /
.96 .99
- (3 )
/ / / /
.98 .96
-/-(4 )
/ / /
/
.77 .79
(3 )
()
.84 .77
(6 )
-,/, (.. ) ( ) ( )
.95 .87
(4 )
- -
- , -
.83 .89
25. Cronbachs fi 0.60 fi fi , fi 0.70 , 1.00 fi . fi Jose M. Cortina (1993).
: , _73
(2 )
-
.65 .67
(4 )
- - -
- -
( ) -
-
.88 .74
(7 ) EK
1955-1959
1974 (
)
()
.67 .67
(3 )
.
.81 .67
-(1 )
. (0) (100) .
-, ;0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
(2 items)
-
- -
.65 .67
EK TK
74_ : ,
(4 )
- 1974, :
.96 .93
- (3 )
-; -,
; -,
;
.75 .85
: , , , - .
(6 )
- ; , - (..
); - ;
- (.. , , , ,);
- ;
- ;
.74 .91
EK TK
: , _75
:
, . 14 t-tests . t-tests . t-tests 14 11.
11 t-test , , . , , . 1 5, 1 5 , 3 , , 3 .
, t-test ( ...). , , , , t-test ( p-value 0.05 ).
11 t-test , . , - .
. , 11 , - , , -. Kibrisli Turk ,26 , . , , . , . 11, , , .
, . , , 3.
26. Charis Psaltis (fi )
11. T-tests
76_ : ,
1.61
1.82
.77
.91
p < 0.001
-
4.65
4.13
.54
1.34
p < 0.001
-
4.57
4.64
.67
.78
p
: , _77
, . , . . , . , , , .
. , . , , . -. , , 5 1 10. , , 5.
. , , , , . , . , . , . , , , . , , , , . , , .
78_ : ,
;
, .
. , 5 ( 9 ), 15 . .
1 2
3 4
5
9.
: , _79
1 - (14 ), 2 - (13) 1 -. 3 - (11) 3 - 4 (9) - 5 -. , 5 (6) - 8 -.
12 , (77.2%) 1. . , 5 . 1 (45.8%), . 3 (23.5%), 18.3% 4. 5, , . . , - (11), (3) - ( 3), - (9) 5 -( 4).
12. 5
1
2
3
4
5
EK
45.8%
6.9%
23.5%
18.3%
5.4%
TK
77.2%
7.6%
4.3%
5.4%
5.4%
, . , , , . 13 . 13 , 1 ( ), 22.2% 1 . , 23% 2 , 11% 3 . , 1 . . 1, 2, 3 4 . (32.8%) 5, (6) - 8 -. , 3.1% .
13. 5
80_ : ,
1
2
3
4
5
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
EK
TK
97%
77.8%
85.9%
23%
77.5%
11%
59%
5.1%
32.8%
3.1%
3%
22.2%
14.1%
77%
22.5%
89%
41%
94.9%
67.2%
96.9%
, . , : () , () , () () .
: , _81
10 , , . 10 29% 17% . , 20% . , 27% , 9%. , ,, .
10.
10.0%
0.0%
fi
28.9%
16.7%
18.9%
11.4%
23.4%
20.6%19.8%
24.7%
9.0%
26.6%
O
EKTC
30.0%
20.0%
82_ : ,
, . 11, 28% , 23% . , 20% , 8% . , .
11. .
10.0%
0.0%
fi
27.5%
22.6%
19.9%
13.1%
26.3% 25.6%
18.6%
20.6%
7.8%
18.0%
O
EKTK
30.0%
20.0%
: , _83
. , 12, 40% , 2%. , 60% , 9%. ,23% 7% , .
12.
20.0%
0.0%
fi
2.2%
39.0%
3.5%
16.0%
7.1%
23.0%
27.1%
13.3%
60.2%
8.8%
O
EKTK
60.0%
40.0%
84_ : ,
, , 25% , : . ( 10%) ( 13).
13. , .
10.0%
0.0%
fi
21.3%
25.5%
8.6%9.2%
27.4%
25.6%24.9%
17.8% 17.8%
21.9%
O
EKTK
30.0%
20.0%
, . , , . 60% , 21.5% . 3 .
, , , 46% , 18% .
: , _85
. , 70% , 64% . . , 85% , 60% . , . , (81%) , .
, , , . , . , 59.5% 69.7% .
14. .
59%
40%
19.4%
22.3%
21.5%
37.7%
/
EK
TK
40.5%
30.3%
41.3%
23.6%
18.2%
46.1%
EK
TK
10.2%
63.6%
20.3%
23.1%
69.4%
13.3%
EK
TK
84.7%
12.9%
11.4%
25.8%
3.9%
61.3%
EK
TK
81.2%
27.4%
14.7%
39.9%
4.1%
32.7%
/
EK
TK
86_ : ,
,
, , , , . , , , . , , , . , . . , ( ) . , ( ) , , , .
, . , , . , , , . , , , - ( Wenzel,Mummendey, Weber&Waldzus, 2003). , , . .
, , . (Structural Equation Modelling [SEM])27
. SEM . 14. .
(chi-square=202,20, df=18,CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.074, FMIN=0.10) . (/ ) . , . . , , , . , . .
27. fi .
: , _87
, , , . , . , , , . , , , . , .
/
-.07* -.06*
-.10**
-.16***
.18*** -.31***
-.20***
-.28***
-.33***
.40***
.23***
-.12***
-.17***
-.16***
-.24*** .16***
.15***
R2=.24
* p
88_ : ,
, 14, , : -, 28 . , , , , , .
, SEM , , , , .
. 15 .
28. 5 fi . 78 - 80.
/
-.16***
-.22***
-.15***
.10*** -.28***
-.15***
-.20***
-.26***
-.08*
-.12***
-.33*** .13***
.18***
R2=.17
-.09*
-.25***
-.31***
* p
: , _89
, SEM , . , , , . . , , , . , , . 15, . , . , , . , , . , . , (, ) , .
, SEM , , , , -, , ( 15). . , , .
, , . , , . , . , , .
, , , . , , .
, . , , .
, . 17, . , , .
90_ : ,
SEM , , , -.
, , , 16. 16, . . , . , .
=-.14*** =.37***
[=-.13***] =-.08*
=.14*** =-.24***
1: * , *p
: , _91
=-.11*** =.33***
[=-.10**] =-.06*
1: * , *p
92_ : ,
. . , . - , . , , , , . , , .
, , 1900 , , 100 . , , . , , , .
, , . . , , , . , , , . , .
37 , . - , . , . , . , : ;
. - , , . 29 .30 37
29. fi " fi fi " . 44.
30. fi fi . 24.
: , _93
, , ( Papadakis, 1998;Bryant 2008; Loizos, 2008). 1950 - ( Canefe, 2000). , . , .31 , ( Zetter, 1998). , , .32
, - , 1974 , . 33, , , 1950 , , 1963-64. , , , 1963-64, , .34 , , , , . , 1974, , , . 1974.35 , 30,000 , , . , ( ), , , .
, , . , , , . , , . , , , , , , , .
31. fi fi fi fi fi fi ( . 84 - 85).
32. fi fi fi fi fi fi ( . 84-85).
33. fi " : " . 9.
34. fi fi fi fi fi fi , fi fi , 1955-59 1963-64 ( . 69).
35. , fi fi . 69.
94_ : ,
, , , . , , , . , .
. . 42% , 10%. 33% , 3%.
, , , . , . , , 59,5% 69,7% .
, , , , , , , , . , , . . , , . , , , . , , . . , , . , ( ) . , , , . ,
: , _95
( , , ) . , , . , , .
, . , . , , . , . , . , , , , , , , , . , , - , . , - , , , .
. , , . - ( , ) . , , , . , , , . , ( Packard, 2008; Psaltis, Lytras, Pachoullides,Philipou&Beili, 2011), . . , , , . , , , , 1974.
96_ : ,
. , . , .
: , _97
98_ : ,
Agkastiniotis, K.M. (1965). O : . (Cooperativism: Its Birth and Development in Cyprus). .
Akartrk, E. (2008). The Turkish Cypriots in the village of Argaki (Unpublished Masters thesis). University of Nicosia - Intercollege, Nicosia, Cyprus
Allport, G. (1954). The Nature of Prejudice. Boston: Beacon Press.
An, A. (2004). (September events and the Cyprus problem). . (.) - , , (. 73-124). : .
An, A. (2004). TMT (TMT and the Cyprus problem). . (.) - , , (.125-146). : .
An A. (2005). Forms of Cypriotism in the Turkish Cypriot community: obstacles and necessary conditions. Retrieved fromhttp://kibrisim.org/aneng.html
Anastasiades, A.G. (1975). The development of the Administration of Elementary Education in Cyprus from 1878 (Unpublished Masters Thesis).University of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
Anastasiades, A.G. (1979). The development of the Administration of Elementary Education in Cyprus. Nicosia: Theopress.
Asmussen, J. (1996). Life and strife in mixed villages: Some aspects of inter-ethnic relations in Cyprus under British rule. The Cyprus Review,8, 101-110.
Attalides, M. (1979). Cyprus, nationalism and international politics. New York: St. Martin's Press
Baheli, T. (2004). Saying yes to EU accession: Explaining the Turkish Cypriot referendum outcome. Cyprus Review, 16 (2), 55-65.
Baysal, B. (2010, -) , (ContinuousTurkification attacks in the area of Turkish Cypriot settlement). , , .
Beckingham, C.F. (1957). The Turks of Cyprus. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 87(2), 165-174.
Beyli, Z. (2010). Turkish Cypriot Oral History of the villages Aphania, Peristerona and Mora (Unpublished Research Report), AHDR, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Blanz, M., Mummenday, A., & Otten, S. (1995). Perceptions of relative group size and group status: Effects on intergroup discrimination in negativeevaluations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25(2), 231-247.
Brown, R.J., Condor, S., Matthews, A., Wade, G., & Williams, J.A., (1986). Explaining intergroup differentiation in an industrial organization. Journalof Occupational Psychology, 59, 273-286.
Brown, R.J., (1996). Intergroup Relations. In M. Hewstone, W. Stroebe & G.M. Stephenson (Eds.), Introduction to Social Psychology (. 530-561).Oxford: Blackwell.
: , _99
Brown, R.J., (1988). Group Processes: dynamics within and between groups. Oxford: Blackwell.
Bryant, R. (2008). Writing the Catastrophe: Nostalgia and its Histories in Cyprus. Journal of Modern Greek Studies, 26(2), 399-422.
Cabrera, C. (2009). A Study on Perceptions and Attitudes towards Contact between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots in a formerly mixed village inCyprus (Essay submitted for PSY 637 course), University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Cakal, H. (2007). Can we live together? A cross-sectional study of prejudice and interethnic contact in a Cypriot village (Unpublished Masters thesis).University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Canefe, N. (2002). Refugees or Enemies? The legacy of population displacements in contemporary Turkish Cypriot society. South European Societyand Politics, 7 (3), 1-28.
Constantinou, C.M., & Papadakis, Y. (2001). The Cypriot State(s) in situ: Cross-ethnic Contact and the Discourse of Recognition, Global Society, 15(2), 125-148.
Cortina, J.A. (1993). What is Coefficient Alpha? An examination of Theory and Applications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(1), 98-104.
Coufoudakis, V.(2004). Cyprus - the referendum and its aftermath. Cyprus Review, 16 (2), 67-82.
, . ( 6 , 2009) . , : .
, . (2004). (1947-1970) [The Greco-Turkish parastate and Cyprus (1947-1970)]. . (.) - , , (.11-72). : .
(.) (13 2008). . , : .
, . (2002). . : . .
Gaertner, S.L., Dovidio, J.F., Nier, J.A., Ward, C.M., & Banker, B.S. (1999). Across cultural divides: The value of a superordinate identity. In D. Prentice& D. Miller (Eds.) Cultural divides: Understanding and overcoming group conflict (. 173-212). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
, .. (2001). : . .
Gomez, A., Dovidio, J.F., Huici, C., Gaertner, S.L., & Cuadrado, I. (2008). The Other Side of We: When Outgroup Members Express Common Identity.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 34, 1613-1626.
Gonzalez, R., & Brown, R. (2006).Dual identities in intergroup contact: Group status and size moderate the generalization of positive attitudechange. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42(6), 753-767.
100_ : ,
Haddock, G., Zanna, M., & and Esses, V.M. (1993). Assessing the structure of prejudicial attitudes: The case of attitudes toward homosexuals.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1105-1118.
Hadjipavlou-Trigeorgis, M. (1993). Unofficial Inter-communal Contacts and their Contribution to Peace Building in Conflict Societies: The Case ofCyprus. The Cyprus Review, 5(2), 68-87.
Harwood, J., Raman, P., & Hewstone, M. (2006). The Family and Communication Dynamics of Group Salience. Journal of Family Communication,6(3), 181-200.
, . (2011, January 23). [The left wing and the Turkish Cypriots]. , : .
Kappler, ., & Petrou, . (2010, 25 ). .). , : .
Karatsioli, B. (2010). Escalating for Peace in Cyprus: Roads to Peace through Scales of Conflict. In M. Lidauer & T. Roithner (Eds.), Peace, Conflict,Identity Social Anthropological Explorations on the Continuities and Ruptures between Conflict, Post-Conflict and Peace (pp. 39-49). Vienna, Austria:Safran
Katsiaounis, R. (1996). Labour society and politics in Cyprus during the second half of the 19th Century, Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre.
Kitromilides, P. (1977). From coexistence to confrontation: the dynamics of ethnic conflict in Cyprus. n M. Attalides (d.), Cyprus Reviewed, Nicosia:The Jus Cypri Association.
Kzlyrek, N. (1999). : [Cyprus: the dead end of the nationalisms]. : .
Kzlyrek, N. (2009, April 26). 1964-1974. [The stone years of the Turkish Cypriots]. , : .
Kliot, N., & Mansfield, Y. (1997). The political landscape of partition: the case of Cyprus. Political Geography, 16(6), 495-521.
Loizos, P. (2008). Iron in the Soul: Displacement, Livelihood and Health in Cyprus. New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books.
Loizos, P. (1981). The Heart Grown Bitter: A Chronicle of Cypriot War Refugees. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
, . (1992). : . .
, . & , . (2000). (1959-1993). .
Markides, D. (2001). Cyprus 1957-1963 From Constitutional Conflict to Constitutional Crisis. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press.
Michael, M. (2005). 1571-1878, :
, R. (1908). A Muslim-Christian sect in Cyprus. The Nineteenth Century and after, Vol LXIII, 751-762.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Cyprus (2006). List of Turkish Cypriot missing persons. Last retrieved on 15th May 2011 fromhttp://www.mfa.gov.cy/mfa/mfa2006.nsf/0/B645B308356678E0C22571BE00296AEE/$file/TKCLIST.missing.pdf?OpenElement.
: , _101
Nier, J., & Gaertner, S. (2001). Changing Inter-racial Evaluations and Behavior: The Effects of a Common Group Identity, Group Processes & IntergroupRelations, 4(4), 299-316.
Otten, S., Mummenday, A., & Blanz, M. (1996). Intergroup discrimination in positive and negative outcome allocations: Impact of stimulus valence,relative group status and relative group size. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(6), 568-581.
, . (2007). : ( ). .
Packard, M. (2008). Getting it wrong: Fragments from a Cyprus diary 1964. Milton Keynes: Authorhouse.
Panayiotou, A. (2009). Lower class political culture and mechanisms/apparatuses setting the parameters of permissible public discourse. Paperpresented at the PRIO Conference 2009.
Papadakis, Y. (1998). Greek Cypriot Narratives of History and Collective Identity: Nationalism as a Contested Process. American Ethnologist, 25(2),149-165.
Papadakis, Y. (1997). Pyla: A mixed boarderline village under UN Supervision in Cyprus. International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, 4, 353-372.
Papadakis, Y. (2008). Narrative, memory and history in divided Cyprus: A comparison of school books on the history of Cyprus. History & Museum,20, 128-148.
, . (2009). : [Echoes from the Dead Zone: Across the Cyprus Divide]. : Scripta.
Patrick, R. (1976a). A General System Theory approach to Geopolitical Aspects of conflict between communities with particular reference to Cyprussince 1960. In J.H. Bater & R. Preston (Eds.), Political Geography and the Cyprus Conflict: 1963-1971 (pp.1-323). Ontario: Department of Geography,University of Waterloo Publication Series.
Patrick, R. (1976b). Inter-communal conflict in Cyprus: Some demographic and geopolitical consequences. In J.H. Bater & R. Preston (Eds.), PoliticalGeography and the Cyprus Conflict: 1963-1971 (pp.339-352). Ontario: Department of Geography, University of Waterloo Publication Series.
Patrick, R. (1976c). Recent patterns of conflict in Cyprus. In J.H. Bater & R. Preston (Eds.), Political Geography and the Cyprus Conflict: 1963-1971(pp.353-371). Ontario: Department of Geography, University of Waterloo Publication Series.
Patrick, R. (1976d). Geopolitical conflict in Cyprus: A general systems approach. In J.H. Bater & R. Preston (Eds.), Political Geography and the CyprusConflict: 1963-1971 (pp.413-481). Ontario: Department of Geography, University of Waterloo Publication Series.
, . (2007). 2004. : .
Persianis P. (1978). Church and State in Cyprus education. The Contribution of the Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus to Cyprus Education during theBritish Administration (1878-1960). Nicosia, Cyprus
Pettigrew, T.F., & Tropp, L. R. (2000). Does intergroup contact reduce prejudice?: Recent meta-analytic findings. In S. Oskamp (Ed.) Reducing prejudiceand discrimination (pp.93-115). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
102_ : ,
Pettigrew, T.F. (1998). Intergroup contact theory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 6585.
Philippou, G. (2010). Greek Cypriot Oral History of the villages Peristerona and Potami (Unpublished Research Report). AHDR, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Pollis, A. (1973). Intergroup Conflict and British Colonial Policy: The case of Cyprus. Comparative Politics, 5(4), 575-599.
Psaltis, C., & Duveen, G. (2006). Social relations and cognitive development: The influence of conversation type and representations of gender.European Journal of Social Psychology, 36, 407-430.
Psaltis, C., (in press). Intergroup trust and contact in transition: A social representations perspective on the Cyprus conflict. In (Ed.) I. Markova & A.Gillespie, Trust and Conflict: Representations, Culture and Dialogue, London: Routledge.
Psaltis, C. & Hewstone, M. (2008). End of project Report of the Project Intergroup contact between Greek-Cypriots and Turkish-Cypriots (UnpublishedReport). Nuffield Foundation, New Career Development Fellowship, London, UK.
Psaltis, C, Lytras, E., Pachoulides, K., Philippou, G & Beyli, Z. (2011). Representations of history and Intergroup Relations in Cyprus. AHDR: Nicosia,(Unpublished Report) EU Commission and UNDP-ACT).
Sachdev, I., & Bourhis, R. (1987). Status differentials and intergroup behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 17, 277-293.
Sherif, M. (1966). In Common Predicament: Social Psychology of Intergroup Conflict and Cooperation. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Stefanovic, D. (2007). The path to Weimar Serbia? Explaining the resurgence of the Serbian far right after the fall of Milosevic. Ethnic and RacialStudies, 1(27), 1-27.
Stephan, W. G., & Stephan, C. W. (1996). Predicting prejudice. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 20, 409-425.
Struch, N., & Schwartz, S.H. (1989). Inter-group aggression: its predictors and distinctness from in-group bias. Journal of Personality and SocialPsychology, 56, 364373.
Taeuber, I.B. (1955). Cyprus: The demography of a strategic island. Population Index, 21(1), 4-20.
Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1979). An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The Social Psychology of IntergroupRelations. Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole.
Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of inter-group behavior. In S. Worchel & L. W. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of IntergroupRelations. Chigago: Nelson-Hall.
Turner, J. C. (1981). The experimental social psychology of intergroup behavior. In J. C. Turner & H. Giles (Eds.), Intergroup behavior (pp. 66-101).Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Uluda, S. (2005). Missing pieces of the mosaic: Mixed marriages...Alithia Newspaper. Last retrieved on May 15th 2011 fromhttp://www.stwing.upenn.edu/~durduran/hamambocu/authors/svg/svg9_7_2005.html
Wagner, U., Christ, O., Pettigrew, T., Stellmacher, J., & Wolf, C. (2006). Prejudice and Minority Proportion: Contact Instead of Threat Effects. SocialPsychology Quarterly, 69(4), 380-390.
: , _103
Weir, W.W. (1952). Education in Cyprus: Some theories and practices in education in the island of Cyprus since 1878. Nicosia: Cosmos Press
Wenzel, M., Mummendey, A., Weber, U. & Waldzus, S. (2003). The ingroup as pars pro toto: Projection from the ingroup onto the inclusive categoryas a precursor to social discrimination. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 461-473.
Zetter, R. (1998). We Are Strangers Here: Continuity, Transition and the Impact of Protracted Exile on the Greek Cypriot Refugees. In V. Calotychos(Ed.) Cyprus and its people: Nation, Identity and Experience in an Unimagined Community 19551997 (pp.69-84). Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
106_ : ,
I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
Aphania
Akaki
Akoursos
Alethriko
Alaminos
Ambelikou
Anaphotia
Anglisidhes
Anoyira
Argaki
Aredhiou
Arnadhi
Arsos
Asomatos
Asproyia
Ayios Andronikos
Ayia Anna
Ayia Erini
Ayios Ermolaos
Ayios Yeoryios
Ayios Yeoryios Lefkas
Ayios Sozomenos
Ayios Theodhoros
Ayia Varvara
Ayios Vassilios
Dhali
Dhenia
Dhioros
Dhromolaxia
Episkopi
Gaziky
Akaa
Akarsu
Aletirke
Aleminyo
Balky
Akkor
Aksu
Talca
Argaca
Aretyu
Kuzucuk
Aroz
Gzgzel
Aktepe
Yeilky
Akhisar
Akdeniz
Ayirmola
Ayyorgi
Madenliky
Arpalk
Boazii
Engindere
Ayvasl
Dali
Denya
Yorgoz
Mormeneke
Yalova
( )
: , _107
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
Ephtakomi
Galataria
Gouphes
Khoulou
Kalavassos
Kalokhorio / Vouda
Karavostassi
Kato Dheftera
Kato Polemidhia
Kazaphani
Kilani
Kilanemos
Klepini
Kolossi
Komi Kebir
Korakou
Kouklia
Kritou Terra
Lapathos
Lapithos
Lefka
Limnitis
Lythrangomi
Malia
Mansoura
Mari
Maronas
Maroni
Mathiatis
Meneou
Monarga
Eftakomi
Yourtular
amlca
Hulu
Kalavason
Vuda
Gemikona
Aa Deftera
Aa Binatl
Ozanky
Ceylan
Kilanemo
Arapky
Yunus
Byk Konuk
Koraku
Sakarya
Giritutera
Boazii
Lapta
Lefke
Yeilrmak
Boltal
Balarba
Mansur
Tatlsu
Uluam
Maroni
Matyat
Menevi
Deregeit
Limassol
108_ : ,
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
Moniatis
Morphou
Neokhorio
Orounda
Palekithro
Pano Archimandrita
Pano Arodhes
Pano Flasou
Pano Lefkara
Paramali
Petra Soleas
Pendakomo
Peristerona
Peristeronari
Perivolia
Pissouri
Polis Chrysohous
Potamia
Prastio - Evdhimou
Prodromi
Pyrga
Pyroi
Silikou
Skylloura
Syngrassi
Timi
Tokhni
Trakhonas
Trachoni
Tremetousha
Vasilia
Elmal
Omorfo
Minareliky
Orounda
Balkesir
Yukar Arhimandrida
Kalkanl
Yukar Flasou
Yukar Lefkara
ayn
Dereli
Beevler
Peristerona
Narlky
Bahalar
Pisuri
Poli
Dereliky
elikta,
Karyaka
amlbel
Gaziler
Silifke
Ylmazky
Snrst
Ovalk
Takent
Kzlba
Kayakale
Tremee
Vasilya
: , _109
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
Vatyli
Vitsadha
Yenagra
Yeroskipou
Zygi
Vadili
Pnarl
Nergisli
Yeroibu
Terazi
110_ : ,
II1 1
.176*
*
-.021
-.168
**
.282*
*
-.224
**
-.221
**
-.215
**
-.304
**
.251*
*
.172*
*
.312*
*
.292*
*
.294*
*
.382*
*
2 .071* 1
.254*
*
-.042
.162*
*
-.055
-.104
**
-.198
**
-.223
**
.279*
*
-.031
.166*
*
.119*
*
-.009
.119*
*
3 .059
.599*
*
1
.250*
*
-.090
**
.115*
*
.242*
*
.158*
*
.190*
*
.020
.081*
-.017
.063
.095*
*
-.057
4-.1
16**
.364*
*
.536*
*
1
-.474
**
.387*
*
.441*
*
.499*
*
.510*
*
-.011
-.057
-.327
**
-.120
**
-.028
-.247
**
5.22
0**
.017
-.016
-.164
**
1
-.504
**
-.393
**
-.407
**
-.527
**
.092*
*
.091*
*
.446*
*
.207*
*
.125*
*
.326*
*
6-.2
52**
.013
.050
.257*
*
-.588
**
1
.405*
*
.464*
*
.577*
*
.061
-.263
**
-.484
**
-.201
**
-.262
**
-.306
**
7-.1
54**
.229*
*
.237*
*
.367*
*
-.477
**
.419*
*
1
.643*
*
.644*
*
-.052
-.023
-.281
**
.003
.086*
-.208
**
8-.1
86**
.003
.096*
*
.293*
*
-.540
**
.494*
*
.589*
*
1
.692*
*
-.009
-.115
**
-.339
**
-.121
**
-.031
-.245
**
9-.1
88**
-.009
.035
.254*
*
-.629
**
.568*
*
.478*
*
.643*
*
1
-.030
-.127
**
-.444
**
-.089
**
-.045
-.275
**
10 -.090*
*
.321*
*
.318*
*
.290*
*
-.109
**
.170*
*
.393*
*
.223*
*
.219*
*
1
.101*
*
.013
-.042
-.052
.084*
11 .146*
*
-.086
**
-.033
-.159
**
.462*
*
-.414
**
-.349
**
-.385
**
-.446
**
-.163
**
1
.269*
*
.058
.228*
*
.124*
*
12 .082*
*
.006
.013
-.060
.334*
*
-.309
**
-.204
**
-.173
**
-.245
**
-.056
.201*
*
1
.217*
*
.247*
*
.338*
*
13 .298*
*
.099*
*
.108*
*
-.011
.358*
*
-.305
**
-.181
**
-.258
**
-.256
**
.062
.174*
*
.223*
*
1
.467*
*
.546*
*
14 .092*
*
.110*
*
.074*
-.014
.373*
*
-.227
**
-.202
**
-.271
**
-.245
**
.111*
*
.189*
*
.215*
*
.563*
*
1
.421*
*
15 .247*
*
.075*
.060
-.040
.318*
*
-.356
**
-.192
**
-.262
**
-.290
**
.057
.182*
*
.187*
*
.528*
*
.478*
*
1
/
-
(/
)
/
-
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1:
*
fi
fi
*
p