厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 · PDF filesuch as:①the SRC mega-columns bear a bigger proportion of the overturning moment and ... 第三章基于OpenSEES 的SRC

学校编码：10384 分类号密级

学号：25320111151738 UDC

硕士学位论文

型钢混凝土巨型柱的数值模拟分析

Numerical Simulation Analysis of Steel Reinforced Concrete

Mega-Columns

颜家胜

指导教师姓名：石建光教授

专业名称：结构工程

论文提交日期：2014 年 4 月

论文答辩时间：2014 年 5 月

学位授予日期：2014 年月

答辩委员会主席：

评阅人：

2014 年 5 月

厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库

厦门大学学位论文原创性声明

本人呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下,独立完成的研究成果。本人

在论文写作中参考其他个人或集体已经发表的研究成果，均在文中以适当

方式明确标明，并符合法律规范和《厦门大学研究生学术活动规范（试行）》。

另外，该学位论文为（）课题（组）

的研究成果，获得（）课题（组）经费或实验室的资助，

在（）实验室完成。（请在以上括号内填写课题或课题组

负责人或实验室名称，未有此项声明内容的，可以不作特别声明。）

声明人（签名）：

年月日


厦门大学学位论文著作权使用声明

本人同意厦门大学根据《中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办法》等

规定保留和使用此学位论文，并向主管部门或其指定机构送交学位论文（包

括纸质版和电子版），允许学位论文进入厦门大学图书馆及其数据库被查

阅、借阅。本人同意厦门大学将学位论文加入全国博士、硕士学位论文共

建单位数据库进行检索，将学位论文的标题和摘要汇编出版，采用影印、

缩印或者其它方式合理复制学位论文。

本学位论文属于：

（）1.经厦门大学保密委员会审查核定的保密学位论文，于

年月日解密，解密后适用上述授权。

（）2.不保密，适用上述授权。

（请在以上相应括号内打“√”或填上相应内容。保密学位论文应是

已经厦门大学保密委员会审定过的学位论文，未经厦门大学保密委员会审

定的学位论文均为公开学位论文。此声明栏不填写的，默认为公开学位论

文，均适用上述授权。）

声明人（签名）：

年月日


摘要

I

摘要

现代高层建筑发展的趋势是不断出现超高层和巨高层建筑（megatall）。由于巨型结

构体系不仅满足建筑在高度上的要求，同时满足了大空间、大开口的特殊使用需要，所

以在超高层和巨高层建筑中被广泛采用。巨型柱作为巨型结构体系中主要的竖向与水平

受力构件，其受力性能的不同表现将影响巨型结构的整体效应。巨型柱按材料可划分为：

①钢筋混凝土巨型柱；②型钢混凝土(SRC)巨型柱；③钢管混凝土巨型柱；④钢巨型柱。

本文以矩形截面的SRC巨型柱为研究对象，通过有限元数值模拟对其受力性能进行分

析，并提出关于巨型柱的一些设计建议。

SRC巨型柱相对于普通框架柱的不同主要有：①比普通框-筒结构中的框架柱承担更

大比例的倾覆力矩和楼层剪力。②为减小尺寸及保证延性，通常采用高强混凝土和高强

箍筋。③计算长度通过稳定分析确定，不同工程存在差异。④型钢布置形式及截面箍筋

形式更为多样。⑤因尺寸巨大，一般试验室无法进行反映巨型柱尺寸效应和截面应变特

征的构件试验。

论文主要研究和内容包括：

（1）分别采用ABAQUS和OpenSEES软件，分析了轴压比、混凝土强度、含钢率、剪跨

比、配筋率、配箍率等六个因素对SRC巨型柱受力性能的影响。指出了这些因素在设计

中的注意事项及其合理取值范围。

（2）采用基于现行规范的计算方法和截面法分别计算了SRC巨型柱的最大水平承载力，

并与ABAQUS和OpenSEES计算结果对比，分析不同方法的特点及方法间的误差。

（3）引入参数对混凝土进行尺寸效应的修正。指出在巨型柱设计中尺寸效应对构件强

度、刚度和塑性的影响不可忽略，应予以重视。

（4）探讨不同型钢布置形式对于SRC巨型柱强弱轴受力性能的影响。提出型钢布置时

应注意的问题。

（5）探讨了巨型柱中平截面假定成立的条件，并且提出平截面假定不成立时截面应变

的修正方法。

通过研究表明，巨型柱有不同的受力特点，工程设计中应采取相应的计算方法和措

施。


摘要

II

关键词：SRC 巨型柱；截面应变分布；尺寸效应；构件设计；数值模拟


ABSTRACT

III

ABSTRACT

Super-tall and mega-tall buildings are becoming the major part of the modern high-rise

buildings. Mega-structures can not only meet the demand height of civil buildings, but also

fulfill some special requirements, e.g. large space and large opening demands.So that the

structural system is widely used in super-tall and mega-tall building. As one of main vertical

and horizontal bearing component, the different behavior of mega-columns under various load

conditions may affect the overall performance of the mega-structures. According to their

different material composition, mega-columns can be divided into：①reinforced concrete

mega-columns; ②steel reinforce concrete mega-columns; ③concrete filled steel tubular

mega-columns; ④steel mega-columns. The object of this research is a SRC mega-column

with a specific rectangle section layout. The performance of the column under various load

conditions was analyzed by finite element numerical simulations. At end of the paper, some

recommendations for design of SRC mega-columns are given based on the analysis results.

The difference between the SRC mega-columns and the common SRC frame-columns

such as:①the SRC mega-columns bear a bigger proportion of the overturning moment and

storey shear compared to common columns in frame-tube structures;②in order to reduce the

size and ensure ductility, the SRC mega-columns are usually manufactured with high-strength

concrete and high-strength stirrups;③ the effective height of a SRC mega-column is

determined by stability analysis, and is different in different projects;④the layout of steel and

the section form of stirrups in SRC mega-columns are more diverse;⑤because of its huge size,

a mega-column cannot be tested for size effect and distribution of cross strains in laboratory.

The main research and contents of this paper are listed below:

(1) Six variables, i.e., axial compression ratio, concrete strength, steel ratio, shear span ratio,

reinforcement ratio, and stirrup reinforcement ratio, were considered and analyzed for their

contribution to the behavior of a SRC mega-column using two software (ABAQUS and

OpenSEES). And Reasonable ranges for these parameters for design purposes were

introduced and discussed along with some practical suggestion to use them.


ABSTRACT

IV

(2) The maximum horizontal capacity of SRC mega-columns was calculated using the method

based on current code and section method, respectively. Comparison and analysis were

performed on the differences between these results and output from the ABAQUS and

OpenSEES analysis.

(3) Some parameters were introduced to represent the influence of the size effect of concrete

constitutive. It was pointed out that size effect have a big influence for strength, stiffness and

ductility. And this should be paid attention at design of SRC mega-columns.

(4) The influence of the steel layout on the behavior of the major and minor axis was

discussed as well. Recommendations were made for proper steel layouts based on these

discussions.

(5) This paper also discussed conditions under which the plane cross-section assumption

would be true for mega-columns, and proposed a revised method for distribution of cross

strains when the assumption is false.

Through these studies above show that mega-columns have different behavior, they need

appropriate computation and measures at engineering design.

Key Words： SRC Mega-Columns; Distribution of Cross Strains; Size Effect; Design of

Component; Numerical Simulation


目录

V

目录

摘要 ........................................................................................................ I

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................ III

第一章绪论 .......................................................................................... 1

1.1 巨型柱的工程应用 ............................................. 1

1.1.1 巨型结构体系简介 ........................................... 1

1.1.2 巨型柱的种类及形式 ......................................... 1

1.1.3 巨型柱的工程实例 ........................................... 2

1.1.4 巨型柱在结构中的受力特点 ................................... 7

1.1.5 SRC巨型柱的优点 ........................................... 8

1.2 巨型柱的研究进展 ............................................. 9

1.2.1 理论分析 ................................................... 9

1.2.2 试验研究 ................................................... 9

1.2.3 数值分析 ................................................... 9

1.3 巨型柱的特殊性 .............................................. 10

1.3.1 尺寸效应的影响 ............................................ 10

1.3.2 采用高强混凝土及高强箍筋 .................................. 12

1.3.3 巨型柱的计算长度 .......................................... 13

1.3.4 巨型柱的截面布置 .......................................... 14

1.4 研究的目的、方法、内容 ...................................... 14

1.4.1 研究目的 .................................................. 14

1.4.2 研究方法 .................................................. 15

1.4.3 研究内容 .................................................. 15


目录

VI

第二章基于 ABAQUS 的 SRC 巨型柱有限元分析 ........................... 16

2.1 前言 ........................................................ 16

2.2 ABAQUS 有限元软件介绍 ..................................... 16

2.3 材料本构关系 ................................................ 17

2.3.1 钢材的本构模型 ............................................ 17

2.3.2 混凝土的本构模型 .......................................... 18

2.4 计算模型 .................................................... 20

2.4.1 标准模型定义 .............................................. 20

2.4.2 单元选择及网格划分 ........................................ 21

2.4.3 材料参数的选择 ............................................ 22

2.4.4 部件装配与接触 ............................................ 25

2.4.5 约束与荷载施加 ............................................ 26

2.4.6 程序有限元计算方法 ........................................ 26

2.4.7 箍筋建立方式的模型对比 .................................... 27

2.5 计算分析 .................................................... 28

2.5.1 轴压比的影响 .............................................. 28

2.5.2 混凝土强度的影响 .......................................... 32

2.5.3 含钢率的影响 .............................................. 40

2.5.4 剪跨比的影响 .............................................. 42

2.5.5 配筋率的影响 .............................................. 45

2.5.6 配箍率的影响 .............................................. 47

2.5.7 尺寸效应的影响 ............................................ 49

2.6 平截面假定的验证 ............................................ 52


目录

VII

2.6.1 加载位移阶段的影响 ........................................ 53

2.6.2 轴压比的影响 .............................................. 53

2.6.3 剪跨比的影响 .............................................. 54

2.7 SRC 巨型柱的滞回性能 ....................................... 54

2.8 本章小结 .................................................... 56

第三章基于 OpenSEES 的 SRC 巨型柱有限元分析 ......................... 58

3.1 OpenSEES 简介 .............................................. 58

3.2 OpenSEES 的程序架构 ........................................ 58

3.3 计算模型 .................................................... 60

3.3.1 材料本构 .................................................. 60

3.3.2 截面划分 .................................................. 65

3.3.3 单元类型 .................................................. 66

3.3.4 计算分析 .................................................. 67

3.3.5 与 ABAQUS 软件的比较 ....................................... 67

3.4 计算分析及与 ABAQUS 计算结果的对比 ......................... 69

3.4.1 轴压比的影响 .............................................. 69

3.4.2 混凝土强度的影响 .......................................... 71

3.4.3 含钢率的影响 .............................................. 72

3.4.4 剪跨比的影响 .............................................. 74

3.4.5 配筋率的影响 .............................................. 75

3.4.6 配箍率的影响 .............................................. 76

3.4.7 尺寸效应的影响 ............................................ 78

3.5 SRC 巨型柱截面布置形式的探讨研究 ............................ 80


目录

VIII

3.5.1 五种型钢布置形式 .......................................... 80

3.5.2 型钢约束混凝土的影响 ...................................... 82

3.5.3 结果分析 .................................................. 83

3.6 本章小结 .................................................... 85

第四章 SRC 巨型柱的正截面承载力计算方法 ................................... 87

4.1 基于规范的计算方法和截面法 .................................. 87

4.1.1 基于规范的计算方法 ........................................ 87

4.1.2 截面法 .................................................... 91

4.2 各方法计算结果的对比分析 .................................... 93

4.2.1 轴压比的变化 .............................................. 93

4.2.2 剪跨比的变化 .............................................. 94

4.2.3 含钢率的变化 .............................................. 94

4.3 修正方法 .................................................... 95

4.3.1 正交设计 .................................................. 95

4.3.2 修正截面法 ................................................ 96

4.4 本章小结 .................................................... 99

第五章结论与展望 .............................................................................. 100

5.1 主要研究工作及结论 ......................................... 100

5.2 设计建议 ................................................... 101

5.3 研究展望 ................................................... 102

参考文献 ................................................................................................ 103

致谢......................................................................................................... 107

攻读硕士学位期间发表论文 ................................................................ 108


CONTENTS

IX

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT in Chinese ............................................................................ I

ABSTRACT in English ......................................................................... III

Chapter 1 Introduction ......................................................................... 1

1.1 Engineering Applications of Mega-Columns ................................................... 1

1.1.1 Introduction of Mega-Structures ................................................................... 1

1.1.2 Category and Form of Mega-Columns .......................................................... 1

1.1.3 Engineering Projects of Mega-Columns ....................................................... 2

1.1.4 Behaviors of Mega-Columns in Structures ................................................... 7

1.1.5 Characteristics of SRC Mega-Columns ......................................................... 8

1.2 The Advances in Mega-Columns Research ..................................................... 9

1.2.1 Theoretical Analysis ...................................................................................... 9

1.2.2 Experimental Research .................................................................................. 9

1.2.3 Numerical Analysis ....................................................................................... 9

1.3 Specificity of Mega-Columns .......................................................................... 10

1.3.1 Size Effect ................................................................................................... 10

1.3.2 Using High-Strength Concrete and High-Strength Stirrups ........................ 12

1.3.3 Effective Length of Mega-Columns ............................................................ 13

1.3.4 Section layout of Mega-Columns ................................................................ 13

1.4 The Purpose、Methods and Contents of the Paper...................................... 14

1.4.1 Research Purpose ......................................................................................... 14

1.4.2 Research Methods ....................................................................................... 15

1.4.3 Research Contents ....................................................................................... 15


CONTENTS

X

Chapter 2 FEA of SRC Mega-Columns Based On ABAQUS ......... 16

2.1 Foreword ........................................................................................................... 16

2.2 Introduction of ABAQUS ................................................................................ 16

2.3 Material Constitutive Relation........................................................................ 17

2.3.1 Constitutive Model of Steel ......................................................................... 17

2.3.2 Constitutive Model of Concrete .................................................................. 18

2.4 FEA Model ........................................................................................................ 20

2.4.1 Standard Model ........................................................................................... 20

2.4.2 Element Type and Meshing ......................................................................... 21

2.4.3 Selection of Material Parameters ................................................................. 22

2.4.4 Assembly and Contact of Parts .................................................................... 25

2.4.5 Constraints and Loads ................................................................................. 26

2.4.6 Computing Method of Finite Element Analysis .......................................... 26

2.4.7 Model Comparison of Stirrup Creation Method ......................................... 27

2.5 Result of FEA.................................................................................................... 28

2.5.1 Effect of Axial Compression Ratio ............................................................. 28

2.5.2 Effect of Concrete Strength ......................................................................... 32

2.5.3 Effect of Steel Ratio .................................................................................... 40

2.5.4 Effect of Shear Span Ratio .......................................................................... 42

2.5.5 Effect of Reinforcement Ratio ..................................................................... 45

2.5.6 Effect of Stirrup Reinforcement Ratio ........................................................ 47

2.5.7 Effect of Size Effect .................................................................................... 49

2.6 Verification of Plane Cross-Section Assumption .......................................... 52

2.6.1 Effect of Load Deflection ............................................................................ 53


CONTENTS

XI



2.7 Hysteretic Behavior of SRC Mega-Columns ................................................. 54

2.8 Brief Summary ................................................................................................. 56

Chapter 3 FEA of SRC Mega-Columns Based On OpenSEES ....... 58

3.1 Introduction of OpenSEES.............................................................................. 58

3.2 Procedural Framework of OpenSEES ........................................................... 58

3.3 FEA Model ........................................................................................................ 60

3.3.1 Material Constitutive ................................................................................... 60

3.3.2 Section Meshing .......................................................................................... 65

3.3.3 Element Type ............................................................................................... 66

3.3.4 Computing and Analysis ............................................................................. 67

3.3.5 Comparison with ABAQUS ........................................................................ 67

3.4 Result of FEA and Comparison With ABAQUS ........................................... 69


3.4.2 Effect of Concrete Strength ......................................................................... 71

3.4.3 Effect of Steel Ratio .................................................................................... 72


3.4.5 Effect of Reinforcement Ratio ..................................................................... 75

3.4.6 Effect of Stirrup Reinforcement Ratio ........................................................ 76

3.4.7 Effect of Size Effect .................................................................................... 78

3.5 Discussion and Research of SRC Mega-Columns Section Layout ............ 80

3.5.1 Five Steel Layout ......................................................................................... 80

3.5.2 Effect of Confined Concrete in Steel ........................................................... 82


CONTENTS

XII

3.5.3 Result Analysis ............................................................................................ 83

3.6 Brief Summary ................................................................................................. 85

Chapter 4 Calculation Method of Flexual and Axial Capacity of SRC

Mega-Columns ........................................................................................ 87

4.1 Based On Code Method and Section Method ................................................ 87

4.4.1 Based On Code Method ............................................................................... 87

4.4.2 Section Method ............................................................................................ 91

4.2 Comparison and Analysis for The Methods .................................................. 93

4.2.1 Variation of Axial Compression Ratio ........................................................ 93

4.2.2 Variation of Shear Span Ratio ..................................................................... 94

4.2.3 Variation of Steel Ratio ............................................................................... 94

4.3 Revised Method ................................................................................................ 95

4.3.1 Orthogonal Design ....................................................................................... 95

4.3.2 Revised Section Method .............................................................................. 96

4.4 Brief Summary ................................................................................................. 99

Chapter 5 Conclusions and Outlook ................................................ 100

5.1 Main Research Work and Conclusions ........................................................ 100

5.2 Suggestions for Design ................................................................................... 101

5.3 Research Outlook ........................................................................................... 102

References .............................................................................................. 103

Acknowledgments ................................................................................. 107

List of Publications ............................................................................... 108


第一章绪论

1

第一章绪论

1.1 巨型柱的工程应用

1.1.1 巨型结构体系简介

高层建筑是经济发展、城市建设和科学技术进步的产物。近 20 年来，高层建筑从

建筑高度、分布范围、建设数量、使用功能、采用技术等多方面都获得了快速发展[1]。

目前,世界高层建筑发展的趋势是竞相推出超过 300m 的超高层建筑（supertall）和超

过 600m的巨高层建筑（megatall）[2]。并且，现代新型建筑需要满足各种特殊的使用功

能，比如大空间、大开口等。巨型结构体系的出现和发展正符合了现代高层建筑设计的

新要求。

巨型结构体系又称超级结构体系，是由大型结构构件（巨型梁、巨型柱、巨型支撑）

组成的主结构与常规结构构件组成的次结构共同工作的一种结构体系[3]。

巨型结构体系，按主要受力体系形式划分，可分为巨型桁架结构、巨型框架结构、

巨型悬挂结构和巨型分离式结构等 4种基本类型；按受力材料划分，可分为巨型钢筋混

凝土结构、巨型钢骨混凝土结构、巨型钢-钢筋混凝土混合结构及巨型钢结构[4]。

相对于普通结构而言，巨型结构体系具有以下特点：

（1）主结构体系的构件截面尺寸巨大。其中，巨型柱的尺寸甚至可能超过通常的框

架柱距，巨型梁的高度则通常为在一层层高以上。

（2）主结构提供巨大的抗侧刚度并承担主要侧向荷载。次结构仅承受巨型梁间的竖

向荷载。因此，建筑平面布置可灵活多样，亦可满足大开间、大开口的特殊形态及使用

功能。

（3）主次结构可以采用不同的结构体系和材料组合，可以使结构设计具有创新性。

并且刚度分布均匀，具有明确的传力路径，是种合理的结构体系类型。

1.1.2 巨型柱的种类及形式

为满足巨型结构体系中主结构部分具有巨大抗侧刚度的要求，巨型柱作为主要抗


Degree papers are in the “Xiamen University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Database”. Fulltexts are available in the following ways: 1. If your library is a CALIS member libraries, please log on http://etd.calis.edu.cn/ and submitrequests online, or consult the interlibrary loan department in your library. 2. For users of non-CALIS member libraries, please mail to [email protected] for delivery details.


http://etd.xmu.edu.cn/

http://etd.calis.edu.cn/

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 · PDF filesuch as:①the SRC mega-columns bear a bigger proportion of the overturning moment and ... 第三章 基于OpenSEES 的SRC

厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库 · PDF filesuch as:①the SRC mega-columns bear a bigger proportion of the overturning moment and ... 第三章基于OpenSEES 的SRC