. .
C#
-
2007
621.398
-25
..
C#. . .: , 2007. 94 .
C#, , - . Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 - .
, . .., 2007
, 2007
6
71 . C#
71.1.
81.2.
101.3.
111.4.
121.5. /
141.6.
141.7.
161.8.
181.9.
19
202.
202.1.
212.2. C#
24
253. - C#
253.1.
253.2.
283.3.
313.4.
343.5.
363.6.
393.7.
413.8.
433.9.
443.10.
463.11.
483.12.
493.13.
513.14.
583.15.
61
614. Microsoft Visual Studio 2005
614.1.
624.2.
634.3.
644.4. /
654.4.1. / -
664.4.2. / -
674.4.3. /
684.4.4. /
714.5.
724.5.1. SDI
754.5.2. MDI
80
815. - Microsoft Visual Studio 2005
815.1.
845.2.
875.3.
895.4.
91
91
92
++ . # . , . , , # .
# ( Microsoft .NET Framework) . # , Windows, Internet, .
. , . " " , , . . #. # "" . ( C++) Pascal, , Delphi, .
# , Microsoft .Net Framework Microsoft. C# , , C++, Java,
Delphi, Modula-2 Smalltalk. , Turbo Pascal Borland Delphi, . , # ,
, ; , , - .
, . ++ Delphi 1 . C#
1.1.
Microsoft Studio 2005. , , , . C# , . Studio 2005 :
File New Project;
Visual C#, Windows, Console Application;
(Location) (Name), ConsApp.
:
using System; // using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace ConsApp
{
//
class Program
{
//
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// ,
Console.WriteLine(" );
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
( ), (Program), (Main). . . Console.ReadLine(); . , / Pascal.
.
1.2.
C#
sbyte1 , -128 127
byte 1, 0 255
char2 , Unicode0000 FFFF
short2 , -32768 32767
ushort2 , 0 65535
int4 , -2 147 483 646 2 147 483 647
uint4 , 0 4 294 967 295
long8 , -9 223 372 036 854 775 808 9 223 372 036 854 775 807
ulong8 , 0 18 446 744 073 709 551 615
decimal28, 29 (10e-28 (7.9e+28
float7 1.5e-45 3.4e38
double15-16 5.0e-324 1.7e308
booltrue false
string
C#, ++ , , .
.
int i, k;
float x, y;
decimal d1;
short n;
string s1;
char c1;
bool b1;
i = 3;
n=9;
x = -6.7f; // x = -456.43F;
double z;
z = 5.76; // z = 5.34D; z = -76.45d;
d1 = 123.43m; // d1 = 154.65M;
s1 = "ABCDEF";
c1 = '?';
b1=true;
, -6.7 double x = -6.7; ! d1 = 123.43; float, double, decimal.
decimal Currency (): ( ).
.
: , . bool, double, decimal . float double; int long, float,
double, decimal; long float, double, decimal.
(__)
( - . ).
x=(float)56.3; // double // float
d1 = (decimal)25.6; // double // decimal
i = (int)8.6; // i=8
. , :
x=(float)56.6e+300; , float. . , short n=123456789; n=(
short)123456789; .
C# , . !
: ; , int, double, bool, string.
1.3.
+, -, *, /, %. / , % . . . ,
i = 14;
k = 4;
x = (float)i / k;
i++ i-- ++i --i. i = 14 k=(++i)+4; i=15 k=19; k=(i++)+4 i=15
k=18. x+=z; x=x+z; + .
() . i = 1478; :
k = i >> 3; //k=184
i = i k; b1=!(i>k);
, Math. , :
x=4598.3f;
z = Math.Pow(x, 0.25);
z = Math.Log(x); Math : . , double .
1.4.
, 1:
if (_) ;
if (_)
{1; 2; . . . .}
, 2: if ( _ )
1;
else 2 ;
if (_)
{ 1; 2; }
else
{; ; . . . .}
, ++. , if (). () . , ++: == && || ! .
. :
switch ( )
{
case _:
break;
case _:
break;
. . . . . . . . . . .
default:
break;
} ++ switch . break; . .
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string s1;
s1 = "ABC";
switch (s1)
{
case"ABC":
Console.WriteLine("Variant 1");
break;
case "DEF":
Console.WriteLine("Variant 2");
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Unknown ");
break;
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
1.5. /
/ Console: Write( ), WriteLine( ), ReadLine() . : ReadLine
string, . Write, WriteLine . , . Write WriteLine , WriteLine ,
Write .
Convert. , ToInt32 int; ToDouble double; ToString string.
Convert : , .
: :
namespace ConsApp
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int i;
double x,y,z;
string s;
Console.Write("i="); // s = Console.ReadLine(); // i =
Convert.ToInt32(s); //
// Console.Write("x=");
x = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
//,
y = i * x;
z = 2 * i - x;
Console.WriteLine("y=" + y);
//
Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(z));
//
Console.ReadLine();
} } }
WriteLine , . , , +y. . decimal.
namespace Console5
{
class Class1
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
decimal d1,d2,d3;
string s;
s=Console.ReadLine();
d1=Convert.ToDecimal(s);
d2=4.5m; //m M decimal
d3=d1*d2;
Console.WriteLine("Answer is :{0:###.##}",d3);
Console.ReadLine();
} } }
{0 : ###.##} : .
Console.ReadLine(); .
1.6.
C# :
//
/*
*/
/// XML-
C# XML- XML-. XML-. XML- .
1.7. C# . , .
- [] _
_ [,] _
, .. .
:
static void Main(string[] args)
{int[] arr1; // 1
int[] arr2=new int[66]; // 2
int[] arr3 = {2, 5, 55, -6, 8}; // 3
string s;
int n;
Console.Write("Count of Elements ");
s=Console.ReadLine();
n=Convert.ToInt32(s);
arr1=new int[n]; . . . . // 4
// 1 , // 4, n. // 2 . // 3 , . , int[]a,b,c; , ( ). C# , 1.
C# . . arr1.Length arr1.
:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[,] a;
int[,] b ={ { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
//
int n, m;
a = new int[6, 12]; // n = b.GetLength(0); //
//
Console.WriteLine("n=" + n);
m = b.GetLength(1); //
// Console.WriteLine("n=" + m);
n = a.GetUpperBound(0); //
// Console.WriteLine("n=" + n);
m = a.GetUpperBound(1); //
// Console.WriteLine("n=" + m);
m = a.Length; // Console.ReadLine(); . . . .
} GetLength(1) GetUpperBound(1)!
. : . . , :
int[] mas2={1,2,3,4};
int[]mas1=new int[4];
mas1=mas2 , , , , . , , mas2.CopyTo(mas1, i); mas2 mas1 i; mas1
. mas1 . mas1 mas2 .
, , C# : (, , ) : .
: double [ ] [ ] q;
, . .
1.8.
C# :
while,
do . . . while,
for,
foreach.
.
while( ___ )
{
//
}
do
{
//
} while( ___);
foreach ( ):
foreach ( in _)
{
//
}
break; ( ) for Continue; ( ).
for foreach : . .
static void Main(string[] args)
{
double[,] a;
int n, m,kolpol=0;
Console.Write("Rows ? ");
n = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
Console.Write("Columns ? ");
m = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
a = new double[n, m];
for(int i=0;i
