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第二章 C++ 语言基础

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第二章 C++ 语言基础. 面向对象程序设计. 本章内容提要. C++ 的概述 C++ 程序的基本要素 C++ 数据类型 变量的作用域与存储类型 控制语句 函数 编译预处理指令. 本章内容提要(第 1 节). 1 、主要特点; 2 、 C++ 程序与 C 程序; 3 、 C++ 的扩充; 4 、在 VC 下编制 C++ 程序;. C++ 的概述 C++ 程序的基本要素 C++ 数据类型 变量的作用域与存储类型 控制语句 函数 编译预处理指令. 本章内容提要(第 2 节). C++ 的概述 C++ 程序的基本要素 C++ 数据类型 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • C++

  • C++C++C++

  • 1C++C++C++12C++C3C++4VCC++

  • 2C++C++C++1234

  • 3C++C++C++12const345678typedef

  • 4C++C++C++1234

  • 5C++C++C++123

  • 6C++C++C++1234

  • 7C++C++C++1#include2#define3

  • C++C++

    C++C++ C++CCC++CC++C++Visual C++C++ BuilderBorland C++IBMVisualAge C++

  • C++CC++

    C++C++ C/*C: simple.c */#include void main(void){printf( Hello World !\n ) ; /**/}

  • C++CC++

    C++C++ C++// C++simple.cpp#include void main(void){cout

  • C++CC++

    C++C++ 1.C++C2.CCC++CPP3.C/**/ C++// 4.Cstdio.hC++iostream.h

  • CC++?C++

    C++C++ cc++cc++c++c+c++cCC++C++

  • C++C++

    C++C++ C++ main()

  • C++

    C++C++ #include void main(){int math, chem, phy, ave;

    coutmath>>chem>>phy;ave=(math+chem+phy)/3.0+0.5;

    if (ave>=90)cout

  • C++C++

    C++C++ ,\{}///**/

  • C++CC++

    C++C++ 1CC++C++

    : int Max(int a, int b) {}; //C++,C int Max(a, b) //C++C int a; int b; {}

  • C++CC++

    C++C++ 2C{}C++

    3C++newdeleteCmalloc()free()

  • C++CC++

    C++C++ 4C++C5C++iostream.hCstdio>>

  • C++

    C++C++ #include

    void main(void){ cout

  • Visual C++C++

  • Visual C++C++

  • Visual C++C++

  • Visual C++C++

  • Visual C++C++

  • Visual C++C++

  • C++

    C++C++ 1C++

    2Hello worldMFC

    3C++()

  • C++

    C++C++ #include using namespace std;void main(){std::cout

  • iostreamiostream.hC++

    C++C++ #include using namespace std; C++ #include C,. iostream98C++iostream.hVC7DevC++.h) .

  • cout, cin, cerr , clogC++

    C++C++ cout;cin ;cerr ; clog ; cerrcoutcerrcoutcerrcoutendl cerrclog cout

  • C:\>test.exe > a.txtC++

    C++C++ #include int main(){ cout

  • \nendlC++

    C++C++ \nendliostreamendl C++ cout

  • I/O #include 1) a)setprecision(n) 6 b)setprecision(n)+setiosflags(ios::fixed) c)setprecision(n)+setiosflags(ios::scientific) 2)setw(n) 3) dec() octhex4) setfill(')+setw(n) 5) setiosflags(ios::left) setiosflags(ios::right) () 6) setiosflags(ios::showpoint) setiosflags(ios::showpos) C++

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  • C++ C++C++

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    C++

  • C++

    C++

    C++ GetPersonCounts() get_person_counts()xysumlengthAreaMyfunm_xPosCPersonperson1

  • C++C++CC++C++

    C++

    C++ autoboolbreakcasecharclassconstcontinuedefaultdeletedodoubleelseenumexternfalsefloatforfriendgotoifinlineintlongnewoperatorprivateprotectedpublicreturnshortsignedsizeofstaticstructswitchtemplatethistruetrytypedefunionunsignedusingvirtualvoidwhile

  • constC++

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  • [=] [=]

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  • C++1int a=12;a += a - = a*a; //a2642:x>y?x:u>v?u:v x>y?x:(u>v?u:v)3unary ++++a;C++

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    C++

  • int i=3; int b=(++i)+(++i)+(++i);VC16TC3015C++

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    C++

  • a+b+max(a+b); x+y+10.5; area=PI*radius*radius; (a>b) && (x
  • C++C++ C++C++C++

    C++

  • int num, total; float v, r, h; int a=3; // int a(3); char c=A; long lx=12345678; unsigned int nWidth;

    ( ) float x=123.56; int i=(int)x; // i=123C++C++

    C++

  • int iIndex = 0;C++C++

    C++

    int iIndex; iIndex = 0;

  • constconstconstconst const int size=20;constC++C++

    C++

  • []

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    C++C++C++C++

    C++

  • float grade[3]={90.0, 75.0, 85.0};

    0int a[2][3]={2, 4, 6};

    C++C++

    C++

  • 10#include void main(){int i;float score[10];cout=0; i--)cout
  • C++?\0\0C++\0C++C++

    C++

  • char s[ ]="Hello";s[0]=Hs[1]=es[2]=ls[3]=ls[4]=os[5]=\0 65C++C++

    C++

  • \\""Please enter \"good\""Please enter "good"

    char* ps="Hello";C++C++

    C++

  • #include void main(void){char* pStr1="Enter a string:"; char* pStr2="The length of string is:";char string[100];coutstring;int length=0;while(string[length]!=\0) length++;cout
  • C++//c++#include #include

    using namespace std;void main(){string str="I am a student.";

    cout

  • C++C++

    C++

  • struct { . . . }struct Staff {intID;charname[20];bool sex;float salary; }; C++C++

    C++

  • Staff emp1;Staff emp2= {110105, "LiMing", true, 3809.80 };

    emp1=emp2;emp1.ID=110108;strcpy(emp1.name, "WangPing");

    Staff *pEmp = &emp1;pEmp->sex = false;C++C++

    C++

  • 4#include struct student { char name[20];int score[4];int average;};

    void main(void){student stu; int i, sum=0;coutstu.name;cout

  • C++C++

    C++

  • enumC++C++

    C++

  • enum { } enum Color{ Red, Green, Blue };Color MyColor ; MyColor = Green;C++1021enum Color{Red = -1, Green, Blue =3};C++C++

    C++

  • typedeftypedef typedef

    typedefC++C++

    C++

  • typedef typedef int INTEGER;typedef unsigned char BYTE;typedef struct tagDate {int year;int month;int day;} DATE;

    INTEGER() intINTEGER i ;C++C++

    C++

  • int a=2, b=3;int c=2ab;

    char mych; mych=A;

    mainC++C++

    C++

  • nnn

  • C++C++C++C++

  • (main)C++C++C++

  • void Myfun(int x){int y=3; {int z=x+y; . . . }int k; . . .}C++C++C++

  • . . . int x=1; static double y=1.0;

    void Myfun(){. . . }. . . C++C++C++

  • void main(){int a=20;int a=10;}void main(){int a=20;{int a=10;}}

  • ()(static)C++C++C++

  • void Myfun(){int x=1; { int x(2), y(2);cout
  • register ()staticC++C++C++

  • newdeleteC++C++C++

  • autoregisterexternstatic

    auto int a ; // astatic float b, c ; // bcC++C++C++

  • autoregisterautoregisterexternstaticexternstaticautoexternC++C++C++

  • C++C++C++

  • staticC++C++C++

  • . . . // extern int b; void fun(){ cout
  • #include void fun(){static int a=0; a++; cout
  • ::C++::

    int amount=123; void main(){int amount=456;cout

  • C++C++C++

  • Cmalloc()free()C++newdelete

    new p = new [size] ;

    C++C++C++

  • newint* pNum=new int;float* px=new float;char* pBuffer=new char[256];int* pa=new int[100];pi=new int(555); // pi = new int[555]C++C++C++

  • deletenew//int *p = new int;delete p ;//int *p = new int[5];delete [ ] pa ;C++C++C++

  • newdelete#include void main(){ int* pi; pi = new int; *pi = 555;//int *pi = new int(555); cout
  • C++ C++C++C++

  • if

    if()elseC++C++C++

  • if ifelse if. . . . . . else ifelseC++C++C++

  • ifint n;cin>>n;if(2==n) {cout
  • C++C++C++

    if (ave>=90){cout

  • switchswitch{ case break. . . . . . case break default}C++C++C++

  • switchswitch

    C++C++C++

  • switchenum Color { Red, Green, Blue } ;Color MyColor = Green;switch(MyColor) {case Red:{cout
  • switchvoid main(){int i=0;switch(i){case 0:int j=2;cout
  • char ch;ch=cin.get(); //cin>>ch;switch(ch){case '0':case '1': . . . case '9':cout
  • forwhiledo-whileC++C++C++

  • forfor

    2132forC++C++C++

  • for1~50void main(){int i,sum=0;for(i=1; i
  • forforfor (int i=0, j=0; i
  • whilewhile while1~50void main(){int i=1,sum=0;while(i
  • do-whiledo whiledo-while1~50void main(){int i=1,sum=0;do{sum += i;i++;} while(i
  • char ch;int off = 'A'-'a';do {ch = cin.get();

    if(ch>='a' && ch

  • if() {}else {}C++C++C++

    for(;;) {}do {}while();while() {}

  • break for(int i=0; i
  • reference& & = C++C++C++

  • & =

    intActualIntint &OtherInt = ActualIntC++C++C++

  • void main(void){int i=10;int &r=i; r++;cout

  • C++C++C++

  • void swap(int& x, int& y){int temp=x;x=y;y=temp;}

    void main(){int a=20, b=40;swap(a, b);cout

  • C++C++C++C++

  • (){}C++C++C++

  • sum()xyint Sum(int x , int y){int temp;temp=x+y;return temp;}C++C++C++

  • int Sum(int x, int y) {void OutInt(int x) {cout
  • int Sum(int x, int y) {return x+y;}void main(){int a=2, b=3;int c = Sum(a, b);}C++C++C++

  • ------------------------C++C++C++

  • C++C++C++

    constconst

  • void Get_Max_Min(int ct, int *pArr, int &iMax, int &iMin){iMax = iMin = pArr[0];for(int i=1; ipArr[i]?iMax:pArr[i];iMin=iMin
  • C++

    C++C++C++

  • staticexternC++C++C++

  • File1.cppint YourFun(int x , int y)// { int temp; temp=x+y; return temp;}File2.cpp#include extern int YourFun(int, int);main(){ int sum, a=20, b=40; sum=YourFun(a, b); cout
  • C++

    void MyFun(int val=10){cout

  • // void fun1(int w, int x=1, int y=1, int z=1)

    // void fun2(int w=1, int x=2, int y=3, int z)

    // void fun3(int w=1, int x=2, int y, int z=3)

    C++C++C++

  • void fun1(int w, int x=1, int y=1, int z=1)// fun1(10, 3, 1, 1)fun1(10, 3)// fun1(10, 3, 5, 1)fun1(10, 3, 5) // fun1(10, , 5)C++C++C++

  • C++inlineC++C++C++

  • inlineC++C++C++

  • sum()

    inline int sum(int x , int y){return x+y;}C++C++C++

  • #C++C++C++C++

  • #include#defineC++C++C++

  • #include

    #include #include ""C++C++C++

  • #include

    #include #include ""C++C++C++

  • #define

    #define C++C++C++

  • #define

    #define MAX(a , b) ( (a)>(b) ? (a):(b) ) main(){cout

  • C++C++C++

  • #define MUL(a,b) a*bc=MUL(1+2, 3+4); //?constC++C++C++

  • #undef C++C++C++

  • C++if#if#ifdef#ifndef#else#endifC++C++C++

  • #if [#else] #endif,,#ifdef [#else] #endif,,#ifndef [#else] #endif,,C++C++C++

  • #define USER 11

    void main(){#if USER>10cout

  • #define USER

    void main(){#ifdef USERcout

  • #define USER

    void main(){#ifndef USERcout

  • #include int MAX=100;

    main(){int a=0;#if MAX>99cout

  • #ifdef C++C++C++

  • float x double

    const float EPS = 0.00001;if ((x >= - EPS) && (x =

  • F9F5watch

  • F10F11

  • //ct //pArr//pMax, pMinvoid GetMaxMinVal(int ct, int *pArr, int *pMax, int *pMin);

  • 2-432-442-462-532-602-672-712-772-792-802-812-83

  • 1void Int2Str(int n, char *pArr);

  • (23)456( )/()/( )/( )/() 718,4 800 ---1130 200---530 600----930 800 ---1130 200---530