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1
(ECG)Electrocardiogram
Electrocardiogram, ECG)
2
(LL)(RL)
(LA)(RA)
(V1 V6)
V1:
V2:
V3: V2V4
V4:
V5:
V4V6
V6:
3
4
1mm,1mm , (25mm/sec),(1mm)0.04(25mm/secX0.04sec=1mm) ,(0.20)
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Rate
Rate (Rule of 300)
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(Autonomic nervous system)(Impulse)(SA node)(AV node)(Bundle of His)(Ventricular systole)
(Cardiac cycle)
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(P)0.1
(
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(T)0.2(5)
ST segment:
1.
2.J point ()
J pointJ point
P: QRS: T:
U :
Purkinje fiber
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1. 2. Regularity3. PP wave4. QRS5. P & QRS
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,
--------------
1-1 () Vf Pulseless VT PEA Asystole
1-2 Normal Tachycardia Bradycardia
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()-1
()-2
Torsade de points
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> 100 bpm
< 60 bpm
13
2-1 VT
PSVT
Sinus
Junctional rhythm
Idioventricular rhythm
1st & 3rd degree A-V block)
2-2 Af
MAT
APC
JPC
VPC
2nd degree A-V block(Mobitz type I & type II)
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15
P wave
3-1 () P Sinus rhythm A-V block
3-2 P Atrial Tachycardia Atrial flutter MAT(>3P)
3-3 P Asystole Idioventricular rhythm Junctional rhythm PSVT Af
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() P
() P
First degree AV bolck
PR >5,
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() P- AV block
Second degree Mobitz type 1 AV block
PR , then block
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Second degree Mobitz type 2 AV block
PR , QRS
Third degree Mobitz type 1 AV block
P-P interval R-R interval but PQRS
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P
P ; R-R P
P-MAT
:a. P b. P . 100- 250/
1 2 3 4 5 6
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P-1
P-2
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P-3
AF (atrial flutter)
P
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Af ( atrial fibrillation )P()R-R
1. Af with RVR (>100/)(rapid ventricular response)
2. Af with SVR (
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4-1 QRS VT Idioventricular rhythm Pacemaker rhythm
4-2 QRS Sinus Atrial- Junctional rhythm PSVT
QRS(Ventricle)
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QRS-1
QRS-2
25
QRS-3
P & QRS
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P & QRS -AV block
P & QRS -AV block
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P & QRS - APC
Manage and treatment: 1. , 2.
P & QRS -VPC
DDX: 1. Normal 4. Digoxin intoxication2. IHD: MI , angina 5. Hyperkalemia3. Cardiomyopathy 6. Iatrogenic ( catheter )
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P & QRS -pacemaker
VVI
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DDD
P & QRS -pacemaker
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ST >1 mm
PR baseline
ST-segment deviation= 4.5 mm
J point
AMI
Localized changese.g. : V1-V4Reciprocal changesProgressive changes
< 2h : Hyperacute T waves < 4h : ST segment elevation 4-6h : Q waves or loss of R wave voltage 16-24h : ST back to baseline, T wave inversion Weeks : Q waves usually persist Now onset LBBB-myocardial injury (AMI)
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AMI- EKG change
4mm,0.04Q
STT
Acute MI Old MI
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Baseline
tall or inverted T wave (infarct),ST segment may be depressed (angina)
elevated ST segment, T wave may invert
()abnormal Q wave,ST segment may be elevated and T wavemay be inverted
(abnormal Q wave,ST segment and T wave returned to normal
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Location of infarction (STEMI)
Anterior wall: V1-V6anterio-septal: V1-V4anterio-lateral: V3-V6extensive anterior wall: V1-V6
Lateral wall: V5, V6, I, aVLInferior wall: II, III, aVFPosterior wall: mirror image at V1-V3RV infarction: ST elevation at V3R and V4R
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AMI, anterior wall
Acute Anterior Wall MI
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Acute Inferior Wall MI
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WPW Syndrome
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome AVAV node
EKG PR interval0.12 QRSDelta
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WPW Syndrome
DeltaDelta
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Af with RVR
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WPW Syndrome with Af