بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم. Controls of different body system - Endocrine system - Nervous system - Immune system

Controls of different body system

- Endocrine system- Nervous system - Immune system

Endocrine systemEndocrine cell hormones blood Capillarytarget tissues (organs) = receptor

Type of endocrine glandshypophysis epiphysis langerhan's island adrenal thyroid parathyroid

hypophysis = pituitary glandsphenoid bone

origin double = ectoderm surface ectoderm=Rathke's pouch(adenohypohysis) -neural ectoderm = Neurohypohysis

Neurohypohysisadenohypohysis

Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)3-partpars distalis pars tubularis pars intermedia

Capsule, Trabecula =pia materStroma= reticular c.t.Sructure:1= endocrine cell2=Fenestrated capillary

pars distalis= 75%

two type cell 1- chromophobic cell 2- chromophilic cell A- acidophilic cell B-basophilic cell

1- chromophobic cell

acidophilic cell1- somatotropic cell Growth hormone (somatotropin) 2-mamotropic cell prolactin

Growth hormone

Acromegaly&Gigantism

Enlargement of Face, Hands, Feetsgrowth hormone

nanism

2-mamotropic cell

prolactin

basophilic cell

1-corticotropic cell ACTH 3-gonadrtopic cell , FSH , LH 2-thyrotropic cell, TSH

* pars tubularis

gonadotropic cell = FSH , LH

Pars intermediapars intermedia = rudimentary basophilic cell ( -MSH)

neurohypohysis1- pars nervosa 2- infundibulum 3- neural stalk

Pars nervosa, infundibulumInfundibulum: Herring body

structure-secretory neuron(unmylinated)--Pitucyte (25%)=neuroglia -

hormones1-Oxytocin (neurophysin) + ATP 2-vaso pressin (ADH) (Neurophysin) + ATP

Epiphysis = pineal glandShap: flattened conical organ

StructureCapsule: pia mater Septa: pia mater irregular lobule1-Fenestrated capillary2-Cells: A-pinealocyte B-asterocyte = glial cell

regulatory of physiological systematicA-pinealocyte: Produce: melatonin , serotoninmelatonin (dark period) serotonin (light region)

Aging=Brain sand

pineal gland =

visual stimuli relayed

langerhan's islet (pancreas)round cluster of cellnumber: > million islets (Tail) capsule: reticular C.Tstroma: reticular C.T cell (cord) + capillary

Type of cellscells: 4 type different hormonesA-cell = 20% = marginal zone glucagun

B-cell = 70% = central zone Insulin D-cell = somatostatin = transitional zone = < 5% F-cell = transitional zone (little) pancreatic polypeptide