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李正中Display Technology CenterNov. 12, 2012
Flexible Display Technology and Applications
Copyright 2012 ITRI 2
Digital Reading vs. Books
Source: Amazon, 2012/9
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Image Source: Amazon, B&N, Borders, Bookeen, iRex, Sony, Ectaco, Hanvon, Kyobo
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1999~2006 2007
Amazon “Kindle”
Digital Reading - e-Reader
2009~2011
“Nook” Sony“PRS-650.950”
“iLiad DR800” Hanvon “N800”
“Kindle 3”“Kyobo”
” Bambook Sunflower““Kindle Paperwhite”
2012~
Display Media ： EPD, QRLPD, MEMS…
Characteristics ： Reflective and bi-stable
Issues ： Video rate and color
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Electrophoretic Display (EPD)
Source: EINK
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2009
Apple “iPad” “Nook HD”
2010~
Asus “Transforms”
Samsung Tab 7.7
Acer A100
Apple “New iPad”
“Kindle Fire”
Display media ： AMLCD and AMOLED
Characteristics ： Video rate and color
Issues ： Sunlight readable and power
Image Source: Apple, Samsung, Asus, Acer, Amazon, B&N,
Digital Reading - Tablet
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Professional/Education Entertainment
Duration of ReadingLong Short
e-Reader vs. Table PC
Bi-stable Low-power
Slim & Light
Sunlight readable
Immersion reading
e-ReaderHeavy for handheld
Multi-function
Color & Video rateTablet
Short operating time
Data Source: The Economist Group
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2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 CAGR 2010-2016
Tablet PC 22.5 80.3 132.7 177.6 228.9 282.7 340.0 57.3%
e-Book 12.7 28.9 43.2 51.0 59.5 67.4 73.3 34.0%
Smart Phone 295.0 453.7 696.7 868.8 1036.5 1209.4 1336.2 28.6%
Notebook PC 178.2 194.7 226.7 262.1 304.6 350.2 400.1 14.4%
Mini NB PC 35.8 29.0 20.4 16.2 13.4 11.4 10.1 -19.0%
Public Display 2.7 3.1 3.9 4.9 6.2 7.8 9.7 23.5%
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Unit: Million Set Source ： DisplaySearch, IEK, DTC 2012
Smartphone Tablet
Market Forecast
e-Reader
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?
Display Technology for Future Device
Paper Digital
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ASUS’s PadFoneASUS’s PadFone
~10”
Picture Source: Apple, Samsung, ASUS,
Device Transformation
~7”
~4”
~5”
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Picture Source: Apple, Samsung, ASUS, Polymer Vision, Yanko Design, Orkin
Transformed by “Flexible” Display
ASUS’s PadfoneASUS’s Padfone
~10”~7”
~4”
~5”
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Definition of “Flexible” Display
Flat – made on plastic or other non-glass substrates for the purpose of lightness/ruggedness
Conformable – bent once in application
Bendable/Foldable – intended to be bent or flexed repeatedly during use
Rollable – intended to be rolled and unrolled during use
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Flat Bendable/FoldableConformable Rollable
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Tech. AM-LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)
AM-EPD(Electrophoretic Display)
AM-OLED(Organic Light Emitting Diode)
Structure
Prototype
Flexibility Poor Good Excellent
Performance(Video rate)
Excellent Poor Excellent
AUO/ITRI, 2009 ITRI, 2010ITRI, 2007
Display on Flexible Substrate
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2000 ~ 20052000 ~ 2005 ~ 2010~ 2010
Flexible AM-LCD
Flexible AM-LCD
Flexible AM-EPD
Flexible AM-EPD
Polymer VisionPolymer Vision
Plastics LogicPlastics Logic
Flexible AM-
OLED
Flexible AM-
OLED
Flexible Display in the World
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• Pilot run of flexible AMOLED is underway by Samsung on Gen 5.5 line. Unbreakable AMOLED on plastic substrate is expected to be product in 2013.
• The installation of LGD’s Gen 3.5 flexible AMOLED production line is undergoing and expected to be completed by 3Q/2012.
Manufacturing Activity in Korea
Source ： SMD, 201204
Samsung’s Flexible AMOLED RoadmapSamsung’s Flexible AMOLED Roadmap
20122012 20132013 2014~152014~15
UnbreakableUnbreakableUnbreakable
&Bendable
Unbreakable&
Bendable
Unbreakable&
Foldable
Unbreakable&
Foldable
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•Flexible OLED•Flexible Touch •Flex. Barrier/Encapsulation
Flexible Display in ITRI
•Large area R2R Ch-LCD•Color Ch-LCD•Electro-wetting Display
•Plastic Substrate
•Flexible TFT backplane
Flexible AMOLED e-Paper
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2008 2009 2010 2011
4” Flexible Mono. AMOLED
ITRI’s Flexible AMOLED
6” Flexible AMOLED
6” Flexible AMOLED with Flexible Touch
4” Flexible AMOLED
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6” Flexible AMOLED in Water
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AMOLEDAMEPD
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ITRI’s Flexible Dual Display
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ITRI’s i2R e-Paper by Thermal Writing
i2R e-Paper, re-writable and re-usable electronic paper technology
> 300 dpi high resolution> 250 times writing
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Conclusion
• Explore emerging market– Light-weight, thin, unbreakable, and flexible features of display are
expected to lead to a new era for existing ICT product design and emerging applications such as education.
• Driving new business– Korean companies dedicate on commercialization and mass production of
flexible display. Taiwan has accumulated enough capabilities on display industry over the past years and is suitable to get into the new business of flexible display.
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