ระบบต่อมไร้ท่อ Endocrine System

Endocrine System

Endocrine System

(Endocrine System)

(Endocrine Gland)

3 ( Pineal ) ( pituitary gland ) ( Thyroid )(parathyroid hormone)(Pancreas) (adrenal gland)( Thymus ) ( Pineal )

(pineal gland)

( pituitary gland )

(Pituitary Gland) 3 (Neurosecretory cell)

(Pituitary gland Hormone)( Pituitary gland) 3 1. 2. 3.

( Anterior lobe of pituitary gland ) hypothalamus 1) Growth Hormone 2) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone 3) Gonadotrophic Hormone 4) Antidiuretic Hormone 5) Melatonin

1. - (gigantism)

- ""( acromegaly )

2. - Dwarfism -

(Intermediate lobe) (melanocyte-stimulating hormone =MSH) (melanocyte) (epidermis) (dermis) - (melanin) MSH MSH MSH ACTH (Posterior lobe) (Posterior lobe)hypothalamus 3.1Oxytocin 3.2VasopressinAntidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) ( diabetes inspidus)

( Thyroid )

25 2 (isthmus) (thyroid follicle) ( thyroxine ) (colloid cell) (C-cell)( parafollicular cell ) ( calcitonin )

(thyroid gland) 2 - (Thyroxine / Tetraiodothyronin; T4) (Triiodthyronine; T3) GH - (Calcitonin)

: (cretinism) : - - ( myxedema )(hypothyroidism)(TSH) (simple goiter)

: (hyperthyroidism)(toxic goiter) - - -

- -

(parathyroid hormone)

Parathormone Parathormone1. Hypoparathyroidism - Ca2+ PO3- - - - Parathormone D

2. Hyperparathyroidism - Ca2+ PO3- - Ca2+ - - Calcitonin Parathormone

(Pancreas)

1) 2)

(Pancreas hormone ) (insulin) (hormone of abundance) (Glucagon) (hypoglycemia)

(insulinexcess) (hypoglycemia) (insulin insufficiency) (starvation) (hyperglycemia)

(adrenal gland)

2 2 - (adrenal cortex) (mesoderm) - (adrenal medulla) (ectoderm) Amine , Polypeptide

3 2.1 (Glucocorticoids) Cortisol hormone 1. glycogen glucose2. 3. Na+ cortisol Cushing's syndrome - - (Moon face)-

( )

()

2.2 (Mineralocorticoids) Aldosterone hormone 1. 2. Na+ K+ Cl- 2.3 (Adrenal sex hormone) Estrogen , Progesterone Testosterone Addoson's disease - - - -

(Adrenal medulla 2 1. (epinepinephirne) 2. (norepinefphirne)

2 1 (Testosterone)1)2)3)4)

() 1) Secondary sexual characteristic 2)

() (Estrogen) (Progesterone)

()1)2)Secondary sexual characteristic

HCG99-12 HCGHCG

() Human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS)191 HCG3 HCS4

() 6 2

( Thymus )

2 ( thymosin ) ( thymovidin ) ( )

(Gastrointestinal tract ) Gastrin, Secretin

Homeostasis 2( negative feedback )( positive feedback )

()( negative feedback ) - : - : Ca++ Ca++ Ca++ - : TSH

()( positive feedback ) - : - :

(Phreomone) (Phreomone) : External hormone(Ectohormone)

(Phreomone) () 3 1. (Olfaction) : 2. (Ingestion) : Queen substance

(Phreomone) () 3. (Absorption) : (Pheromone) : :

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