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有機發光二極體Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

講師 : 侯政杰2014/05/09

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Outline

Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Motivation How OLED works Types of OLEDs Advantages and Challenges Current and Future Applications

OLED Display and OLED Lighting Technology and Market Forecast OLED Display New OLED Display Products Technology Challenges and New Progress OLED Suppliers and New Fab Activities Past 11 Years Future 7 YearsOLED Lighting Market Drivers OLED Lighting Challenges OLED Lighting Market Forecast

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Motivation

41 in Samsung Prototype

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How OLED Works

• Cathode

• Emissive Layer

• Conductive Layer

• Anode

• Substrate

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How OLED Works

1. Voltage applied across Cathode and Anode

1. Typically 2V-10V

2. Current flows from cathode to anode

1. Electrons flow to emissive layer

2. Electrons removed from conductive layer leaving holes

3. Holes jump into emissive layer

3. Electron and hole combine and light emitted

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How OLED Works

• Different Colors – type of organic molecule

in the emissive layer – 3 molecules used -RGB

• Intensity/brightness– amount of current

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Types of OLEDs

• Passive-matrix OLED

• Active-matrix OLED

• Transparent OLED

• Top-emitting OLED

• Flexible OLED

• White OLED

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Passive-Matrix OLED (PMOLED)

• Perpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation

• Light emitted at intersection (pixels)

• External circuitry– Turns on/off pixels

• External circuitry• Large power consumption

– Used on 1-3 inch screens– Alphanumeric displays

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• Full layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules

• Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anode– Internal circuitry to

determine which pixels to turn on/off

• Less power consumed then PMOLED– Used for larger displays

Active-Matrix OLED (AMOLED)

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Transparent OLEDTOLED

• Transparent substrate, cathode and anode

• Bi-direction light emission

• Passive or Active Matrix OLED

• Useful for heads-up display– Transparent projector

screen– glasses

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Top-emitting OLEDTEOLED

• Non-transparent or reflective substrate

• Transparent Cathode

• Used with Active Matrix Device

• Smart card displays

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Flexible OLED

• Flexible metalic foil or plastic substrate

• Lightweight and durable

• Reduce display breaking

• Clothing OLED

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White OLED

• Emits bright white light

• Replace fluorescent lights

• Reduce energy cost for lighting

• True Color Qualities

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White OLED

Cellphone backlight white OLED vs standard LED from Organic Lighting Technologies LLC

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OLED Advantages over LED and LCD

• Thinner, lighter and more flexible• Plastic substrates rather then glass• High resolution (<5um pixel size) and fast

switching (1-10um)• Do not require backlight, light generated• Low voltage, low power and emissive source• Robust Design (Plastic Substrate)• Larger sized displays• Brighter- good daylight visibility• Larger viewing angles -170o

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OLED Disadvantages

• Lifetime– White, Red, Green 46,000-230,000 hours

• About 5-25 years

– Blue 14,000 hours• About 1.6 years

• Expensive

• Susceptible to water

• Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market

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Flexible OLEDs

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Flexible OLEDs

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OLED lighting

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OLED lighting

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OLED TV

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Transparent OLEDs

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有機發光二極體之顯示與照明技術及產業發展

OLED Display and OLED LightingTechnology and Market Forecast

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OLED Display

New OLED Display Products

Technology Challenges and New Progress

OLED Suppliers and New Fab Activities

Past 11 Years

Future 7 Years

OLED Lighting

Market Drivers

OLED Lighting Challenges

OLED Lighting Market Forecast

Summary and Strategies

Outline

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The World’s First >100” OLED Display is Passive Matrix

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New AMOLED Products in the Market - Small Size

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New AMOLED Products in the Market - Medium/Large Size

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iPhone 4 vs. Samsung Galaxy S

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AM OLED vs. AM LCD

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Obstacles and Solutions for OLED TV

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OLED Displays Shipment Share

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AMOLED Supply and Demand

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Past 11 years

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Past 11 years

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Long-Term Annual Revenue Forecast

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AMOLED Entrance into Medium/Large Applications

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Market Drivers for OLED Lighting

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OLED Display and Lighting Differences

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OLED Lighting: Opportunity is Evolving

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OLED Lighting Market Forecast

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Summary and Business Recommendations

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