中考复习——代词

代词 (Pronouns) (pron.)代词 (Pronouns) (pron.)

人称代词 ( 主格；宾格 )物主代词 ( 形容词性；名词性 )反身代词 myself; themselves指示代词 this; that; these; those疑问代词 who looks after the baby? 关系代词 He is the man who often helps others.不定代词 some; any; other; another; something; everyboby

人称代词 ( 主格 / 宾格 )

主格 + 动词 + 宾格

He asks me.

We help them.

主格 宾格

单数

1 I me

2 you you

3 he/she/it hem/her/it

复数

1 we us

2 you you

3 they them

e.g.

I will try my best to do the work .

You, he and I all enjoy music.

排列次序： you and I; 　 you and he;

you, he and I; 　 we and they;

we, you and they

e.g.

We often go to see her on Sundays.

( 宾语 )

She gave me some water. ( 间接宾语 )

I don’t want to go with them. ( 介宾 )

--Who is it?

--It’s me. ( 表语 )

He is taller than me.

He is taller than I (am).

物主代词 ( 形容词性 / 名词性 )

They are their shoes.

The shoes are theirs.

形容词性 名词性

单数

1 my mine

2 your yours

3 his/her/its his/hers/its

复数

1 our ours

2 your yours

3 their theirs

e.g.

He put on his hat and left.

I saw it with my own eyes.

形容词性物主代词与 own 连用时表示强调．His father is a doctor. Mine is a

driver.

Take your textbook with you.

I’ll take mine.

反身代词 :

myself ourselves

yourself yourselves

himself herself

itself themselves

enjoy oneself

help oneself to

look after oneself

teach oneself

speak to oneself

all by oneself

e.g.

I can look after myself.

We can do it all by ourselves.

Help yourselves to some cakes.

He taught himself to learn

French.

指示代词 :

this, that, these, those

This is my mother.

Those are his books.

注 : that, those 可以用来代替前面已提到过的名词以避免重复．The population in India is larger than

that in Japan.

疑问代词 :

what, who, whose, which

What is the population?

Who did you see in the party?

With whom did you go?

Which is the way to the hospital?

Whose shirt is this?

Whose is this shirt?

关系代词 :

who, that, which

The plane which is flying is made

in China.

She is the girl who swims quite

fast.

不定代词1. some, any+ 可数／不可数 一般情况， some 用在肯定句； any

用在否定句和疑问句。当 some 用在疑问句，表示邀请、请求、建议等；any 用在肯定句表示任何一个

Some people like pop music. （肯） He went to some place in Europe.

“ 某个”

May I have some water?( 请求 )

Why don’t you take some apples?

( 建议 )

Do you have any questions?( 疑 )

There isn’t any tea left. I ‘ll go

and make some for you.( 否 )

You can ask me any question at any

time. ( 任何一个 )

2. both, both…and , all,

• Both of them didn’t go there.

• Both Mary and Tom are good at

English.

• All the apples are picked by us.

3. neither, neither…nor either,

either…or

Either the twins or Jim likes

going with us.

Neither he nor I am interested in

reading.

Either of them sings very well.

Neither of them has come yet.

I agree with neither of you.

4. few, a few,little,a little

There are only a few potatoes

in the fridge.

There are few potatoes in the

fridge. We must go to buy

some.

Don’t worry, we still have a little

time left.

There is only a little water in the

bottle.

Hurry up, there is little time left.

5. many, much

I have many friends, but he just

has much money.

6. every, each

Each 强调“各个” , 具有名词、形容词的性质 , every 强调全体 , 只具有形容词的作用．

There are flowers on ____ side of

the street.

each

____ in your class has a red star in

the game.

_____ classroom is clean and tidy.

(All the classrooms are …)

Each

Every

7. other, another, others, the

others,

another: 　“ ( 三者或三者以上）另一个” , 用来代替和修饰单数名词This shirt is too long. Please show

me another.

other: “ 两者之间另一个”one…the other…

others=other (people) 泛指the others=the other (people)

特指

There are two bottles. One is full,

the other is empty.

He held a pen in one hand and a

notebook in the other.

You must help others.

(other people)

You must help the others in your

class.

(the other students)

8. No “ 不是” “没有” There are no apples in the

fridge today. (=not any)

He has no brother. (=not a)

No smoking! No parking!

9. none; no one None of my classmates failed

in the exam. No one in our class failed in

the exam.10. 合成不定代词 some, any, no 和– one, -body, -thing 可组成以下合成不定代

词 :

somebody, anybody,

nobody, everybody,

something, anything,

nothing, everything

someone, anyone, no one

e.g. Someone is knocking at the

door.

Do you need anything else?

11. it

It is raining heavily.

It is already five o’clock.

It is a long way from here.

It took us four years to write this

book.