r r 'I

(

a TO XPYi:O KAOYBI THi: KONi:TANTINOYUOAHi:

IISTRANGE PHOTO

, ALIEN NE'llS

m~THAH AAATOi: 4.

edjtoria~ENA ETIITPAlTEZIO lTAIXNIAI UFO

'Eva oj.li'lVOS ana UfOs nEpmOAEl mv VUXtEplVO oupavo. EivaJ nE­VtE UnEpAoj.lnpO <pWtE1Va OI01<OEl5f1 o1<a<pn, nou nEmuv o80pu~o

OE tP1YWVI1<0 oxnj.louoj.lo. IE 1<anOJES OUyj.lES EnlXE1POUV j.lavou­~PES nou j.lOlaZoUv OnJOtEUlES, 1<0l YEVl1<O 1<OvOUV m mo nopa€E­va npoyj.lom: OtE1<OUV o1<ivmo mov oupavo, avomuooouv an010­j.lo lA1YYlwon mxumm, omj.lomuv onomj.lo, E€o<povizoVWl 1<aJ EnavEj.l<pavizovwJ, KAn. Ano OAO auto 10 VuxtEplVO owou KavElS OEV j3MnEl dnOlE: 01 Ov­8pwnOlKOlj.loUVWJ, ElVOlKAE10j.lEVOl OE tEOOEplS mixous, nEpno­muv mous opoj.lOUS j.lE 10 KE<pOAl 01<Uj.lj.lEVO am nEZOOpOj.lIO n ons j3npivEs. Kavds OEV €EpEJ U ElVOl OUlO m nopo€eva Jmoj.lEvo avn1<Elj.lEvo. n' auto MyovmJ «V.POs" (Unidentified Flying Objects, Ayvro­arou Tauromros lmapE:va AV[JxE:ipE:va, mv opo mv hEl OWOEl n oEponopia KaJ 01 EAEyKtES EVOEplOS KUKAo<popias). EivOl navmu, EKmOj.lj.lUplO Ov8pwnol OE OAOV mv KOOj.lO 10 EXOUV OE1, EXOUV <pwmypo<pn8El, K1Vnj.lmoypo<pn8d, avoAu8Ei, j.lEAEm8d, xwpis lKavonoJnUKo OnOtEAEOj.lO n tEAIKO oUj.lnEpOOlJmo. Ynopxouv am;lpopJ8j.lES JOmpiES yJa ouvavnl0Els j.lE mus Emj3c'HES tauS, KOI Y10 m aniOtEUm np6yj.lmo nov j.lnopouv va OOU KOvOUV. Avono<pEvKW, vnopxouv noMEs 8EWpiES KOl m:n0l8noEls YJO au­to 10 oAn8lvo KOJ Enij.lovo <pOlVOj.lEVO. TIS avaAoyizoj.lOl twpo YlO va ns Komyoplonolnow, aMo tEAJKO j3Mnw on KOla ~o80s xwpi­ZOVtaJ OE OUO KmnyopiEs: OE autO nou MVE 01 neplOOOtEpOl Em­Olnj.lOVES Ko8E dOous, KOJ ta ovvmpnUKO Kmeamj.lEVO, 1<0l OE au­to nov MVE 01 UfOMyOl, 01 auyypo<pds, Ol j.lEAEtmES, KOJ 000l EXOVV ooxoAn8d Emowj.l€vo j.lE TO <pOlVOj.levO. KOJ j.lOAJS tWPO ou­vElomonOlw 1<OU nopo€evo: OAES OUtES 01 8ewpiEs oev E:XOVV nOlE napouOlootd oAes, E:mw oav dtAOl, OE j.110 EnOml1<n How. Opoio. eo <puo€w autn mAlmo eyw twpa Eow.1\omov... As opXiOOVj.lE j.lE ns 8ewpfes 1<0l tiS EIOll<E:S yvWj.lES nou EXOUV nopouOloOEl nOA­Aoi emOtnj.lOVES 1<OJ 10 oUVmpntlKO Katemnj.l€vo.'Exouj.le KOJ AEj.lE: 1) EivOl OEPlO j30AtWV. 2) EivaJ 0 nAavnms A<ppoohn. 3) EfvaJ nopOJo8noels lOU j.lOptVpo. 4) EivOl j.loZJKn nopoi08ncm mv nM80us. 5) Eiv0l1IH~j.law.

6) EivOl j.lEtEWpoAoyl1<O j.lnoMvJO. 7) EivOJ oopu<popos. 8) EiVOl emj3atlKO oeponAOvo. 9) EivOl O<pOlPIKOi KepouvoJ. 10) EivaJ j.lEtEWpltES. 11) EivaJ mj.lOo<pOJplKE:S OlaKUj.lOvoElS. 12) EivOl nj.ll-vAonoJnj.lEVES npoj3oMs TOU mOj.lIKOu n oUMOylKou aauvElonmu. 13) EivOl npoj3oAEis taipKWV n owou. 14) EiVOl 0<p8aAj.loAoylKo npoj3Anj.la. AUHJ dVOl. Km tWPO as ouvExioouj.le j.lE tiS 8EWpiES Km us E10IKE:S yvWj.lES nou EXOUV napouOlooEl 000l houv -j.lE m j.lia n mv oMn 10lomw- aoxoAn8d j.lE 10 <pOlvoj.levo.'ExoUj.lE KOl Atj.lE: 1) Eivm E€wynlvOl nou EmoKEmovrOl TOV nAavnm j.las ana tOY nAa­vnm mus. 2) Eivm eEwynJvoJ nou EpXOVtOl ana J300E1S taUS am LEAnvn. 3) DVOl E€wynlvol nov EpXOVtOl ano j300EIs IOUS omv Apn. 4) EiVOl e€wynlvol nou oJmnpouv KpUcpES j300E1S EOW am rn. 5) EivOJ E€wynlvol nou ntav ana n6vw --ana mv apxOJotmo n mv npo"iotOpia- Olav DAavinn j.las.

I 6) EivOl Eo<U-ynlvol j.lE to oKo<pn mus nou E€EpXOVWl ana mv Kou­I <pJarn.\

7) EivOl E€wynlVOJ j.lE W o1<o<pn tOUS nou E€EpXOVtOl ana mv Kou­\ cpla rn.

8) EivOl e€wynlvol -n eaw-ynlvol- nou ovvepyoZOVtOl j.le us j.lEy6­AES KU~EpvnoEls KOl xpnOlj.lOnOlOUV unoyE1Es ~OOEJS n ~OOEJS OE Epnj.lOUS KAn. 9) EivOl tExVOAOyio KOl U~pi010 nou EXOUV npOKU1jJEl ana m j.lUOtl­Kn ouvepyooio ynlvwv KOJ E€wynlvwv (n Eow-ynlVwv). 10) EiVOl ynlvn j.lUOUKn unEp-teXVoAoyio, n nelpOj.lOW tWv j.leyo­AWV ouvoj.lewv. 11) EfvOJ Nazi, nou EpXOVtOl ana ns j.lUOUKES ~ooe:JS mus omv AVWpKU1<n. 12) EiVOl n OJ.lOoa'E1jJIAOV (n n OJ.lOOO A, B, r, KAn, n tEXVoAOyio j.llas onOlooonnOle j.lUOnKnS OUvWj.lOtlKns oj.looas). 13) EivOJ oKo<pn OVtWV nov E:pXOVWl ana oMe:s oJOOtOOe:1S, n no­poMnAovs KOOj.lOUS n e:vaMaKuKe:s npaYj.lonKotnte:s. 14) EiVOl OVW ana oAAes olomooEls, napoMnAous KOOj.lOUS n npayj.laUKomtes. 15) EivOl xpovOla€J01WtES (nou E:pxovtOJ ano tOj.lEMov, n, Xj.l, ana 10 nopEA80v). 16) EivOJ apxaiOJ'EMnvEs (n apxaiOJ AtAavtES, l\Ej.lOUplOl, Buza­vuvoi, AlyunuOl, IV010VOl, apxaiol AYYA01, rOMOl, nopmyoAol, KAn), nov vnopxouv j.lVOUKO OKoj.ln mov KOOj.lO j.las, n emotpE:­<pOVV ana touS nAavim:s nou Konme: anoiKnoav. 17) EivOl OJ apxaiOl 8eoi loU KOOj.lOU j.los, nou e:ixav <PUYE1KOl nou EmtEAous e:mmpE:<pouv, onws 10 dxov vnooxE8EJ. 18) EivOl COij.lOVES, n te:xvoAoyio tWV EKnEoovrwv AyyEAwv nov KV~EPVOUV KPU<pO TOV 1<00j.l0 pas. 19) DVOl oyyeAOl, mOAOl tWV mpmEuj.lorwv taU 8e:ou, onj.looJO ms AnoKOAU1jJnS, ms EmKdj.lEVns «l'.EUtEpOS nopouoios», KAn. 20) EivOl 01 "q)UAOKES» taU KOOj.lOU j.lOS (n cl6<popo oMa ne:plte­xva j.lUOUK10tlKO npoyj.lore, nou oe:v j.lnopouv va avoAu80uv EU­KOAa EOW).

21) DVOl j.loYOJ KOl j.lOY100e:S. 22) Dvm OyvWOlO oe: e:j.lOS ovre, zwo n yeVJKO nMoj.lata, n aKoj.ln KOJ zwvravoi oxnj.lotloj.loi EVE:PYElOS, nou zouv omv oupavo j.los. 23) DVOl €WUKO... 24) DVOl opoj.lmo, npoj3oMs ana oMous KOOj.lOUS, <pavwoj.layo­piES, KAn. 25) EivOlKOnOJO ouomj.lo nopaKoAou8nons, tEXVoAoylKo n unEp­<pUOlKO (;) 26) EivOl unEp-te:xVoAoyio nou EXOUV ocpnoEl niow mus OJ apxoi­OJ (n navopxOlOJ) npoyovol, mv onoia E:XOUV avoKaAU1jJEl KOJ e:1<­j.lEmMEUOVtOJ KOnOlOl. 27) DVOl unEp-tExvoAoyia nov EXOUV a<pnoEl niow mus e:€wynlVOJ, EOw-ynJVoJ, apxoiol 8EOi, KAn, KAn, nou 01 i010l Oe:v dVOl mo EOW, mv onoio E:XOUV avaKOAU1jJE1KOl eKj.le:mMe:uoVtOlKOnOlOJ. 28) EivOl vnep-npwEs (n.x. a IounEppav n 0 Mnotj.lav). Auto dVOl. l'.ev vOj.lizw va E:XW €Exooel KOtl. l\om6v, ti E:iVOl to UfO; Twpo j.lnope:ltE va noi€e:tE KOvOVtOS ouvOuaoj.lous.Iuvouo­atE tiS 8EWpie:s j.le:ta€U mus, OE OI1<E:S oos Ej.lnvEUOj.l€ve:S auV8EOEIS, YJO to U dVOl m UfO. nOpOOE1YJ.lO: DvOJ j.lEtEWpOAOylKO j.lnaM­vIa tWV EKneoovtwv AyyEAwV nou KUj3EPVOUV tOY KOOj.lO j.lOS. Ei­VOl OEPlO ~OAtwv ms OJ.1050s'E1jJ1AOV. EivOl emj3ou1<o aeponAOvo j.loyJoowv. E!vOl ynlvn j.lUOlJKn unep-rExvoAoyio nou KOvEJ npoj3o­Ms ana oMous KOOj.lOUS. EivOl xpoVotOOOIWtES OOij.lOVES nou EP­xovrOl ana tiS ~OOe:1S mus omv KOU<plO rn tOU Apn. EiVOl Opoj.lO­m oopucpopwv nou npo~oMOVtOl ana to toipKO taV OVMOylKoU oouvEl5flmu rwv €WDKWV. EivOl1jJEj.latO tWV Nazi nou emorpEcpouV ana tauS nAavntes nou KOnOte anoiKnoav. DVOl OJ q)uAoKEs loU KOOj.lOU j.lOS nou j.lOS npoKoAoUV Ocp80Aj.lOAOylKO npo~Anj.lo, KAn, KAn, KAn. KoM l'.looKEOoon!

nANTEl\HI nANNOYl\AKHl: giannoulakis.blogspot.com

;. E'" ivOJ j.lla 1010pia nou apX1Ka j.lOlaZE] , i ~ oov va ~vnKE ana ns Xf).JE:S KaJ MJa

.• NUXCE:S, aAAO IEA1KO EpXEIOJ va Kaw­.. '. . oEieEl KOnOJES ana ns nMov E<plOAll­Kes muxes ms ov8pwmvns Jalopias: 'HIOV 1O LOOlJlpJo'ElOS 1575, OIOV n Lo<pia Mno<po, Eva EKnAnKuKo oj.lOP<Po oEKOlplo­xpovo KOpirOJ, raeiOEUE j.lE nAoio am ME­OOVElO, eEK1VWVlOS ana mv nOlpioo ms m BevEda KOJ nnvalvovras va EnlOKE<plEi KO­nolOUS ouVyevEis ms. 'looos rHav n npwm <popa nou ra j.lona ms OVdKplZOV OAAOUS lonous j.laKpJO ano m BEnda KOl lOOOS EKEivo 1O ra~iOl va ms <pOJvorav unEpoxo, j.lEXpl mv nj.lEpa nou 1O nAolo 01O onoio EnE~OlvE oExmKE EniSEOn KOJ IEA1KO mo­OmK€ ana MOUOOUAj.lOvOUS n€JpOlEs ... o KanEIOvlos lOU nElpanKOlJ nAoiou np6­OEeE apEooos mv OJ.lOp<plO ms E<pn~ns, nou enmMov avnKE omv nAouOla OlKoVEvEla IOOV Mno<po ms BEvEdas: 'HIOV noM 1jJnM VlO mv nA1Kla ms KOJ OJ TOUpKOJ 101OP1KOi Evpa1jJov VI aUlnv noos «n€pnOlOUOE j.lE lO­on xopn nou Ej.lOJOZE oav va xOpEue». EKEiVOS 0 nElpOlns, Aomov, nou Sa napE­OlOE lOUS OJXj.laAWlOUS lOU 010 OKAo~ono­zapo ms KOOVOlovnvounOAns, EKplve nws a~lZE va OOKJj.lOOEl va nouMOEl m Lo<pia KOlwSEiov OlOV LOUAIOvO. 'EIOJ KOJ EVlVe, Kal n OJ.lopqm B€V€IOlOva ~pESnKE 01O xa­pEj.lJ IWV ovaKIOpwv ms OSOOj.lOVIKnS au­10KpOlOpias, onou OJ TOUpKOJ, Saj.lnWpE­VOl an6 mv napouoia ms, napo<ppazovras 1O XpJOnOV1KO OVOj.lO ms, mv anOKOAEOOV La<pJVIE, nou onj.laiveJ «<pWIEJVn» ...

~'-"" 'OJ.lOOS, oev nlOV pOVO n 0j.l0P<P10 ms nou mv EKOVE va eexwpioel, KaSws nlOV aunl nou Ewxe va V€VVnOel lOY npwlO VIO KOJ, Kmo ouvEnelO, lOY olaooxo lOU LOUAIOvOU Mou­pOl lOU r, KEpoizovras EIOl mv npwm Sean ovoj.leoa ons 250 naAAaKioEs lOU xapepl­OU. Eow, Oeizel va olOSOUj.le Aivo KOl va nouj.le nws EKElVn mv enoxn OJ LOUAIOvOI oev novlpeuovlov nOlE KOJ 01 Oloooxoi lOUS npOEpXOIOV n6vra on6 ns aKAO~€s IOU xa­pej.llOU lOUS. M010ZEl €JpWV1KO, aAAO aUIO onj.laiV€l nws OAOJ 01 LOUAIOvOl ms OSw]Ja­vlKns aUlOKpOlopias nlOV VIOl OKM~wv ... 'OJ.lWS, ana EKElVn m SEan 10XUOS nou ~PE­SnKE, KOJ elolKo ana IOIE nou 0 LOUAIOvOS Moupcn OpX10E va nepvo lOY nepJOOOlepo xpOVO lOU OVOj.leoa Ola 103 nOJolo lOU, n Locpio nlov EKElVn nou a02<OAOUVIOV j.lE lIS

KpanKES unOSEOEJS KOl eKElVn nou npav­j.lanKO KU~EPVOUOE mv axovn OSWj.lOV1Kn oUlOKparopio. MOA10lO, ana ra npwlO np6y]JOla nou EKove nlOV va euvonoel mv nOlpioa ms, m BevErla, j.lOlOlWVOVlaS evov

va eXE1, eirE KpU<pa Elle <povepo, ena<pn j.le nOAAO Kpom ms Eupwnns. I\EVEIOl nws El­xe ]JuonKn aAAnAovpa<pia j.le mv A1KOlepi­vn IWV MeoiKWv KOJ ouxvo OVIOAAaooe 000­pa]JE m ~aoiA100a DJOO~el ms AyyAias ... To 15950 MOUpOI 0 f' nESaivEl KOl LOUA­IOVOS avaKnpuooelOl 0 VlOS ms Lo<pios. EKElvn mv Enoxn, SeAOvlOS va ano<puyouv lOUS nOAej.lOUS OlOooxns, 01 TOUpKOl Eixav Seonioel Evav I01011EPOOS ~op~apo VOj.lO nou EOIV€ 1O OlKaiwj.lo OlOV aVepXOj.lEVO LOUAIOvO va SovarwveJ -ov KOJ onOle nSe­Ae- lOUS EIEpoSaAEis aOEA<pOUS lOU! Mve­IOJ, Aomov, nws n LO<pia OUj.l~OUAE1jJE lOY VIO ms, Mwo]Je8 lOY f', va emKaAeOlEi au­IOV lOY VOj.lO KOJ elOl eKElVOS, j.lE 1O npo­oxnj.la on OPVOvWVE j.110 IEAEln ne:pnOj.lns, KOAE:OE lOUS 19 EIEPOSOAElS OOEA<pOUS lOU nou, j.lOA1S E<pIOVOV 010 naAon, lOUS mpav­VOA1ZE j.lE j.lElOeEvlO OX01VIO.. .'EIOJ, 010 j.lE­OOU lOU VlOU ms, 0 onoios EKavE nOvlO o,n lOY OUj.l~OUAeUE EKElvn, KOlopSwoE va ou­VExioEl va KU!3EPVO mv aUlOKpOlopia. 'O]Jws, n j.loipa Ins Em<puAoooE eva o60Eo lEAOS: 0 V10S ms neSavE j.lEIO ano OXIW xpo­vIa ~aOJAElas, onOIE EKEivn eEnEoE KOl nOA] omv naAlo ms SEan OVoj.lEOa ous aKM~ES

lOU XOpEj.llOU. 'EIOJ, n oj.lop<pn oAM KOl

aloE va KOlapvnoEllOv VOj.lO nou E01VE 10 01­Kaiwpa OlOV OIOOOXO lOU SpOVOU va Sava­IWVEllOUS aOEA<jlOUs IOU, KOJ 1O 160310V avu­KOlEomoE pE Evav OAAO, KOlO mv on01jJn lOU, «mo ovSpwmvo»: Ano EKEivn mv Enoxn, AOl­nov, OJ OVEpXOj.levOI mov SpOVO LOUAIOvOl '

~""'__ J

Eixov 1O OlKaioopa j.lOVO va <puAaKizouv lOUS aOEA<jlOUs lOUS. MOA10lO, EKEivn n <puAOl<n, nou mv anoKaAouoov «To KAou~j", nlov Eva EIOIKO olalloP<PWj.lEvo nOAulEMolOlo OIKO­OOj.lnlla, Eva aAnSlVo naAouonou Eixov OA€S ns OVEOEIS EKIOS, ~E~OJa, ano 1O OIKaiwj.la va ~Vouv ana aUIO. MOAJOla, €K€ivOJ 01 av­OpES nou ~piOKOVIOV eyKAElmOI mo «Xpuoo KAou~i» ms KwvolovnvounoMs, unnpElOu­vrav ana nOAAEs oKM~es, nou OJ.lOOs nlov OAES KW<poAaAEs KOJ nou ov Konola ana au­IES tpevE EVKUOS 8OVOlWVOVlOV aj.lEOws... BE~OJa, oUj.l<poova IlE 60a yvoopiZOUj.lE ana mv 101Opia, unnpeav nOAAEs nEpmlwoEls onou ]Jelo lOY S6vOlO KonOlou LOUAIOvOU nou OEV npOAa~E va KOvEl V10, va ovaKnpu­xlEl OIOOOXOS lOU 8povou Konolos anolOus aOEA<pouS lOU.'Oj.lOOS, ano EKElVO lO «XpUOO «KAou~i» onOvla ~vnKE KonOlos nou va j.lnv ElXE KOlavtnoEIlpEAOS n nAi8Jos. fla napo­OE1Y].la:'Evas LouhOvos, j.lOA1S ~vnKE anolO «KAou~i», ovaKnpUeE KU~EpvnlEs auo IlEVO­AWV nOAEOOv ms aUloKpOlopias, KOJ auVKE­Kplj.lEVa ms llaj.laoKou KOJ IOU Kaipou, ouo onolls nOAAEs avJ1A1KES EpWj.lEvES lOu.'Evas OAAOS oUVn8JZE va npOnOVEIrOJ OlO IO~O

xpnOJj.lOnOlWVlOs VlO OlOXO oKM~ous. KOJ Evas IPlrOS ano<p<JOloE KOnOl€ va «eE<pOpIW­SEl» KOJ ns 280 naAAaKi6Es lOU XapEj.lJOU ' IOU, ~6Z0VIOS us OE IOOU~OAlO, KOl nEIWVlas us ala VEpOIOU B60nopou! 'Evas ]J€AelnIl1S inS 08W]JOVIKJ1S lOlOpios, o N. M. nEvIZEp, Onj.lE1WV€1: «LlO KAOU~i

O<pe:iAEIOl K08E AoVils EACl!lOOj.la, onoos n nA181omlO KOJ n avnl<ouom ~lOJolma, nou xapoKlnplZav nOAAous LOUAIOvOUS KOl,

on0v8pwno <pJA06~n BevEIOlOvO, ~pESnKE OE j.lEyoAo ~oS]Jo, n Olao1OKn nOpOKj.lnnOAe]JO nou 01 TOUpKOJ elOij.lazov evovliov ms. Enions, Ola j.lEOOU evos E~poiou KO­ Eva npooi OlpayyaAIOj.lEvn 010 Kpe~ou ms... nou ElXE oav OnOlEAEOj.la mv mwon ms

o Enopevos LouhOvos, AXj.lEr 0 A', ano<po- 08wj.lovJ](ns aUlOKpOlopios» ... OJ.lnj.lalOnWAn ovOj.lOll KlOpeza, <ppovnzE

........' \

'M la j.lOA1S nj.le:pa j.le:la m yvooolOnoinon ms avaKaAUljJns IOU , «oiouj.loU aoe:A<pou» lOu'HA10U j.las, aOlpOVOj.lOl avaKoivoo­

1 I oav OU j.le: m ~on8e:la IOU mAe:oKoniou Spitzer ms NASA,I. " e:vlomoav mv ne:plOxn onou npoKe:nOl va ye:vvn8e:i n, .. «CrOe:A<pn» ms fns! npOKe:nOl yla mv ne:ploxn IOU OUOlnj.lmOS HD 113766 nou anOle:Ae:hOl ana <SUo aOlpa KOI ~piOKe:IOl oe: anoOlaon 424 e:looV <pOOIOS ana e:j.las. fupoo anolo eva e:K IOOV ouo OOlpooV, nou e:iVOl e:AaXIOla j.le:yaMle:po ana lOv'HA10 j.las, j.le:oa oe: eva «oaxlUMol» ana nUKVn KOl 8e:pj.ln KooplKn oKovn, e:€e:Aiooe:IOl j.110 nOAl-anAn OlaOlnj.llKn ... ye:vva. IUyKe:Kplj.leva, OJ aOlpOvoj.lOJ ava<pe:pouv OU, oUj.l<poova j.le: lO OlOJxe:ia nou e:xouv oUAl-e:­€e:l, auU1 n ne:ploxn IOU «OaxlUAJ010lJ» ~piOKe:IOl e:VIOS ms Ae:yoj.le:vns «KmOlKnOlj:lnS zoovns» (OnAaOn, ms ne:pJoxns onou OJ auv8nKe:s e:UVO­ouv mv e:j.l<pCrvlon ve:pou Ka800s KOl m OlOlnpnon IOU oe: uypn j.lop<pn KOl, KOla ouve:ne:la, KOI m Onj.lloupyia zoons). Enions, e:monj.laivouv OU n KOOj.llKn uAn nou unapxe:1 e:Ke:i e:ivOlloon nou j.lnope:i va onj.lloupyn8e:i

noAl-oi ne:pou~lavoi nou zouv oe: ne:ploxn ms Aij.lvns TlllKaKa, - . . KOVla OlO ouvopa j.le: m BoAJ~ia, appooomoav a<pou e:moKe:­

<pmKav 10 onlle:io onou unnpxe: e:vas Kpmnpas 010 e:oa<pos, 0 . onoios m8avoAoye:hOl noos onj.lloupyn8nKe: j.le:la ana mv moo­

on pe:le:oopim. Ta 10mKa Me:oa Evnlle:pooons j.le:le:OooOav onAoooe:ls no­Anoov nou e:Kavav Myo ylO j.lla «nuplvn o<paipa nou e:ne:oe: ana lOY OU­pavo». To npaKlope:io Reuters ava<pe:pe:l noos «OJ KalOJKOJ IpOj.la€av ana e:Ke:ivn "m <pooua OIOV oupavo" ylO mv onoia nOAl-oi une:8e:oav OU nlav ae:ponACrvo oe: nope:ia mooons. MlO j.le:yoAn E:i<pn€n aKoAou8noe:, KOVIO 010 xoop16 Nle:oayouaoe:po, IjJnM omv opo-Oe:lpalOOV 'Avoe:oov ...» o e:mKe:<paAils IOOV unnpe:Oloov Yye:ias omv ne:plOxn onAoooe: noos ne:pinou 200 av­8poonOJ appooomoav a<pou e:moKe:<pmKav lOY Kpmnpa (nACrlOus 20 j.le:lPOOV KOJ ~o­

80us 5 j.le:lPOOV), «e:€anias ms e:lonvoils 10­€JKooV ae:pioov». 01 ao8e:ve:is une:<pe:pav e:xovras novoKe:<pOAouS, vauda, e:j.le:lOUS KOl e:vlova avanVe:UOUKa npo~Anj.lma.

nCrvIOOS, OJ e:molilj.love:s nou j.le:Ae:IOUV mv ne:pimooon oe:v e:iVOl 1000 OiyoupOl 000 0 npoava<pe:poj.le:vos KpauKos unaAAnAos, e:K<ppaZOVlOS OlO<pOpe:UKe:S anoljJe:ls: «1J.e:v j.lnope:i va e:U8UVe:10l 0 j.le:le:oopims YI' aulnv mv ao8e:ve:lO, aAl-a j.laAAOV n oKovn nou onKoo8nKe: an6 mv np6oKpouon IOU am yn», e:m­onj.lave: n e:JOIK6s oe: 8e:j.lma j.le:le:oopnoov Op. OupoouAa MOp~lv.

'OJ.lOOs, IlJa OJ.laOa ye:OO<pUOlKooV nou e:one:uoe: omv ne:­ploxn OlOlunoooe: aAl-n yvooj.ln, lOvizovras noos nap6­j.lola ye:yovola ava<pe:p8nKav 10 2002 KOllO 2004 oe: OA­Ae:s ne:ploxe:S IOU ne:pou, aAl-a nOle: oe:v e:m~e:~Oloo8nKe:

noos lO avuKe:ij.le:va nou e:ixav npoKaMoe:l lOUS Kpmn­pe:s nlav j.le:le:oophe:s. o Op. MlxanA Nazopo<p, e:mKe:<paAils ms Ynnpe:ofas [le:­PlouAl-oyils Me:le:oopnoov ms POOOlKns AKaonj.lias Em­

evas nAavnms j.le: j.le:ye:80s napo­j.lOlO j.le: aUlO ms fns j.las. «OAa aUla lO olOlxe:ia oUyKAivouv 010 ou OJ m8avomle:s Onj.llOupyias e:vos nAavnm j.le: j.le:ye:­80S KOl auv8nKe:s napoj.lOJe:s j.le: aule:S ms fns oe: aulOIO <Y6omj.la e:iVOl noM j.le:yaAe:s», On­Aoovouv lO j.leAn ms e:v Myoo e:pe:uvmlKns OJ.laOas. Be:~Ola, j.le: e:KUj.looj.le:vn nAlKia j.lOA1S 10-16 e:Kmoj.lj.lupioov e:looV, n «ve:a fn» e:iVOl aKOj.la ve:oye:vvmn. ea Xpe:lOOle:i va ne:paoouv lOuAOX10lOV 100 e:KmOj.lj.luplO XPOVlO ylO va oxnj.lauole:i nAnpoos, KOl OAl-a looa ylO va anoKlnoe:J j.llKpO~lOKn zoon ...

omj.lOOv, olmunoove:1 oo~ape:s e:m<puAa€e:IS yJa lO Ie:KlOlVoj.le:va 010 ne:­pou, lOvizoVlOS noos aKoj.ln Kl av npOKE:llOl ylO j.le:le:oopim, 101e: 8a e:iVOl n npoom <popa nou j.le:le:oopims npoKOAe:i IbOla OUj.lmoollOla oe: av8poo­nous, Ka800s 010 nape:A86v oe:v e:ixav e:j.l<pavlOle:i ao8e:ve:le:S oe: avaAo­ye:s ne:pmloooe:ls. «Ta Ie:Ae:ulOia 250 xpovla e:xouv Kmaypa<pe:i 102 j.le:­yaAOl j.le:le:oophe:s nou Kme:ne:oav am fn, aAl-a Kavevas lOUS oe:v npo­KaAe:oe: npo~Anj.lma omv av8poomvn uye:ia», lOvize:1 0 Poooos e:101KOS. Ynapxouv, OOOlOOO, e:mOlnj.lOve:s nou e:xouv e:ouaole:i lOlOhe:pa e:.JlOva

KOl j.le: nOAl-ous KPU<pOUS <po~ous 010 ne:­P10lOUKO KOl mv e:voe:x6j.le:vn e:€e:Al€n IOU. EivOl e:Ke:ivOJ nou e:XOVlOS unoljJn lOUS KO­nolO oAAa ne:plOraUKa, <pOlVOj.le:VIKa aouvOe:lO j.le: 10 npoava<pe:pOj.le:vo IOU ne:­pou, avnouxouv ylO mv m8avn e:IO~OAn

8avam<p6poov j.lJKpo~ioov ana 10 1J.loom­j.la lO onoia j.lnope:i va unnpxav oe: KO­nOlOV j.le:le:oopim nou e:ne:oe: am fn. npo­Ke:nOl ylO Oploj.le:va noM unoma ne:pl­OlauKo nou e:xouv oUj.lj3e:i lOUS Ie:Ae:UlOi­ous j.lnve:s ous HnA KOl OlO onoia ava<pe:­p0j.laole: napaKoIOO.

J0 I€A€Umio ana m npoavaep€pOj.l€va unoma n€pIOIOllKO eiVQJ

, ..n n€pimCllOn ms Aplzova, onou eva 14xpovo ayOPl neSav€ j.le­

, . oa O€ Aiy€s j.lep€s j.l€10 ana j.lla onOvlQ j.lopepn j.lnvlyyoeyK€epa-I IAlnoas, KQJ npOK€llQJ Yla 10 eKIO om O€IPO SUj.la 10US I€A€Umj­

OUS j.lnv€s. EUj.lepCllva j.l€ lOUS €IOIKOUS, evas j.llKpOOKomKOs opyavl­

OJ.lOs €IOe~aA€ 010 OWj.la IOU nal010U ana m j.lUm KOl eepmo€ j.lexpllOV

€yKeepaAo, KOlaOlpeepOVIOS lOY.

01 €IOIKoi nou j.l€A€lOUV mv unoS€on avaKoJvClloav on 0 j.llKpOOpyavl­

OJ.lOS aulOS €iVQJ j.lla €mKivouvn OJ.lOJ~OOa IOU yevous Naegleria, nou

npOO~OA€1 on6vJa lOY OvSpCllno (nayKOOj.liCllS exouv onj.l€ICllSei j.lOVO 23

n€plOlanKo 10 OIOOmj.la 1995-2004). 'OJ.lCllS, lO y€yovos on aUlnv mv

XpOV10 nOn KOlaypoepovml e~l86valol j.lOVO OlIS HnA, KQJ j.lOAlOla j.leoa O€ j.l€PlKOUS j.lOVO j.lnv€s, npoKaAei €UAoya €pClllnj.lOla Yla lOY av KQl Ka­

la nooo aUln n OJ.lOl~OOa eX€1 yiV€J IOlait€pa avS€KI1Kn KQJ Savamepopa

KQl Yla 10 nws €j.lepaviZ€IQlIOOO OUXVO O€ KonOlO OUyK€Kplj.levO j.lepos.

ApK€lOi €mOlnj.lOV€S €Keppozouv epo~ous on 0 aUIOS

o j.lIKpoopyavloj.lOs npOepX€IQJ ana lO l':.loOmj.la

KOJ eX€1 epIOO€J OlOV nAavnm j.las n€pVWvms mv

Olj.lOOepOJPO IOU, exovms oav «Oxnj.lall KonOIOV j.l€­

l€oopim! AUlOi OJ epo~OJ O€V eiVOI KaSoAou aOlnpl­

KI01, IOlQlt€pa j.l€la m npooepam ne:lpOj.lOla nou

npayj.lOlOnOlnSnKav j.l€ m j.l€laepOpa KQJ m j.l€Mm

j.llKpOl3iCllV 010 lllOomj.la.

.MlKpoopyavlOj.loi nou m€io€1jIav OlO l':.loOmj.la €neOlp€1jIav am fn OUVOlOI€POl KQl noM mo enlKivouvOl! AUIO ouve~n O€ KaA­: I AJepy€I€S OaAj.lOVMaS nou m€io€1jlav j.l€ 10 OlQOmj.lIKOA€Cllepo-

I. ' peio Atlantis npos lOY l':.1€SVn l':.laOmj.lIKO Lm8j.lo, O€ plO

arlOOlOAfI nou npaypalOnOlnSnKE: 010 MaiOlO j.llas ep€uvas onou, ava­

j.le:oa Ola oMa, avazmnSnKav vea ololxeia Yla mv KOlanoMpnon ICllV

evoe:xopevCllv aoSeveJWV ICllV aOlpovaulWV. Avti aulOU, OpCllS, eepe:pe: 010 epCllS pIa vea anOKaAU1jIn yla lO peMov ICllV olaomplKwv anoOloAWv...

E' aUlnv mv ep€uva, 01 €mOlnpove:s 10noSemoavOl€Mxn oaApovMas pe­

oa oe: Mo oOKlpaOlIKous OCllAnV€S, npoKe:Jpevou va pe:Ae:lnoouv mv €ni­

opaon ms j.lIKpO~apulmas Ota naSoyova pJKpol31a. 0 npwlos OCllAnvas lO~ie5€1jI€ P€ 10 Atlantis lOY E€mepI3plO IOU 2006, evw 0 e5e:Ule:pOS ej.l€JVe: om

fn O€ navOj.lOlorun€S OUVSnK€S, pe: e:~aipe:on m MVOJ.ln ms ~apUmlOS.

'Olav 10 OlaOmpJKO Ae:CllepOpe:io e:neOlpe1jle:, m ~aKlflpJa xopnyflSnKav

AC3n&h.Jmoob" SPP MdN~(Hi"/owJtuJ

£UJlltmJthlll m."tkiH.,t. En1~( lhtOV[Jh tI".l'! o:(~c:o,>ry Enrer throuGh Iow!:'r ,c~,ra:OI'y lfae-1 IX-u!OCP;It-.(!:,~m c.;,llr;,O!J lJ'Ir;twry OfltH(XJQhu!oer;}~crbrck(!n!o",\n

Ol<'l·,f-b!Cn\Ci"ol~phil·.~·:IIlPAJ.I, <:attSi:'l? !Vanu·O:Il.J~c:J$ itm(lO"!C

VlMa:1hy.omll'o"J!tu;)"s, Crru-PM'tlS {GAEl on 1OO1V>du..,I!o WItt! COlllp:'e.-T~""$Cd immuou $'f$:('mA Trc;'h:>l.o,:('$ in CSF and 1lS.$U(I

FI.;t~:....~ forrm I{I CSf A Cys~ OInd trophczoiles 1t'lll5~l./C'

OCY'!'

O€ novtiKla. 'En€lla ana 25 pepe:s, anoOe:lxmKe: on m ~aKlflplO nou

€neOlp€1jIav ana lO llloompa f1lav Ipe:lS epopes mo e:mKivouva ana la oMa! 01 avaAUO€IS eOe:l~av OIl n napapovfI OlO llloompa ennpeaoe:

m A€lloupyia OUVOAIKO 167 yovloiCllV KOJ aUIO oe: eva noM OUVlOpO

XpOVIKO oloompa, aepou 01 plKpOOpyavlOj.loi e:KleSnKav oe ouvSnKe:s

eMe:l1jlnS ~apulmas YlQ 24 POAlS WP€s ... To nws au€nSnKe: n naSoyeve:lO napapeve:1 aKopa aoaepes. To yeyovos OPCllS on n eAAe:11jln l3apumms npoKaAe:i pe:iCllon ms BUvapns nou

aOKei lO ne:pll3oMov uypo omv e:mepOv€lO ICllV KunopCllv, iOCllS e:ivOJ

j.lla allia nou onpJOupyei aUIO lO ne:pi€pyo epalvope:vO. AMCllOle:, ne:l­popam nou eylVav om fn eixav Oei~€l on n j.leiCllon ms ouvaJ.lns aUlns OVICllS aU~Ov€1 mv naSoyev€lQ, av KOI napaj.leVel OyvCllOlO 10 YlQti.

OJ epe:uvmes, 01 onoiOJ onpooie:uoav m pe:Mm 10US OlO €mOmpOVIKo

ne:ploolKO Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences, e:man­

pavav on OJ olaampIKes anoOloMs exouv emmwae:ls ans avnopooels

lOOV aalpovaulwv oe: e:nine:e5o Kunopoov, aAAo pexpl lwpa e5E:V illav

YVOOOIOS 0 Kivouvos ano m opoon j3aKmplOiCllv ...

AUles 01 epE:uvE:S CllSOUV m NASA va 0lpe1jle:l mv npoooxn ms OIOV Kiv­

OUVO pe:loooons j.loAUOj.lOllKWV aoSe:ve:1WV OIOUS aOlpovaule:s, e:V01jle:l

j.lOAIOm lOOV auxvwv aAAo KQl paKpoxpOVlOOV OE: e510PKE:lQ E:nave5pCll­

J.leVOOv anoOloAwv nou npoypaJ.lJ.latizovlal ylO (Q enOJ.lE:va XPOVlO (e:mOlpoepn j.leXpl 10 2020 am EeAflvn, npOKe:lJ.levou va Onj.llOupyn­

Sei pIa j.lOVlpn ~oon e:Kei, KOSWS KQl anooloMs OlOV nAavnm Apn).

'Opoos, onoos einap€ KQJ mo nOvCll, unapxouv KQl nolloi e:mOlnpOVE:S

nou crvnouxouv an6 aures tlS j.l€lall6€€lS lWV j.llKpOj)i6lV am l':.]('ram­

pa: 'Olav tva OXI KOJ 1600 E:mKive5uvo PIKpo1310 j.lnopei va J.l€IOJ.lOp­epooSe:! j.leoa OE: 24 J.l0NS WP€S O€ «lepas», IOIe: nOlos ~epe:1 noaa €m­Kiv.suva j.lnopei va e:ivOJ yla In zoon am fn la alien j.lIKpol31a nou unap­

xouv «eKe:! t€OOll KOl nou E:VOE:Xopevoos va eplOOOUV KonOle: e:OW (av oe:v

eeplaoav ne5n), neeplOVlOS j.l€ Kan010V p€l€oopim OlOV nAavnm j.las;

4.

OJpe:loo oos nOil<l(pl)es 1<0l oos ~azoupe now-here onowpo am ,B081a, OXI am noM anmo, OIJIe: am noM epnOpll<a, OA­Aa navlws el<e1 nou 5ev oos nOipVEJ pE pnpmoaKlo KOl nou npe:ne:l va ~eupelE KoMpnJ, OOXe:IWS ov pas €nnptnoupe: va

~as-~oupe: KCrnOIO npoypmCrKJO, K080l] np80v KOl W npww,Bpo­m Enopevo XpOVIO. Imv npon­

youpEvn olnAn mv ovoAoq>pn 1<0l XIOUpoplollKn, unod8eml on tonooE n pon ms OpOIOOtOonS 'Ao.yw KOO]JJl<ooV ye:YOVOIWV nou M· J3ove: xoopo 010 I<pmi510v Yl<pl...oMa l<UxA(){jl'opnoovE 1<01 apKel€S pav50Ae:S oe: 510q>OpOpEOO, Ol<movomes ylO OAOUS (Jas (eI<IOS ylO

OPE

I:n1An 1\AOtOS

,

THENEW

XIO 1<01 npO~Ae:ne:10lKmoKAuO]JoS

2-3) ...onole KOlI<OAOV e:ivOl va ~eK080piooupepe­pIKa 8Epmo, Olon al<onos anyway e:lVOl va I<apa­

nOyIOeUle:he: e:VIOS KOl OXI eI<IOS, pnas 1<0l VOnOEIE w a-vomo 1<0l w ouw-vomo. Inpe:pa {O Aomoove 80 e:i}lOOIE Kanws,

Ta anp005JOplOW «I<m' Ellas» e:iVOl ave:u onpo­aios, 0 w8e:is nptnEI va ouw-ono-l<aAuq>8e:i. Av Oev «yiveJ» Oe:v 8a e:ivm. Kl as unapxe:l tva aAllo «eipOJ» ow onoio nOn e:JvOJ, Ynopxel pEplpva anyway ooOlE av 5ev «yive{e:» e:oe:Js. va «yivouv» 1<0nOl01 OAAOI. M1MpE YIO w xpiopa toopa, w onoio ol5Eml n paAllov I<Ep5izEWI. fI' auto pn pWlale: Epas n {ous oAllous. PWlnOle: each one of you «EOtva». EivOJ lpaxus 0 5popos ms aU{o-f;I<­OnAwons KO] ms El<nAnpWOns wu ovan6q>EuKwU, }IEXPI 10 on}le:Jo nou 8a E:XEIE mv EUKOlpia va to ~EnEpo­

OEIE...yla w nEnpw]JE:Vo O]JIAOUpE:V, f;1<e:i nou n Aplaxvn 5ev 80 oos K61jJel 10V Mito (n A-Vl]JO...OS nou]JE OEV txtJ pho n ]JoAllov vnpa, onote oev ms yi­veiOl «{OpA,). 0 phos mo-Ml 05nye:i 1<01 I< at , enel<laolv... olO LIO-pJ­o) .. ,oAlla 80 oas anapyovoooel nayJ­5euovlos oas...n «Imouvo" n «npo­

Toou. rm va unopEelopros fvroon...lrov KOOproV anaHelIaJ n Kmoppeuon ms LKIOS...KaJ n LK](J opa povo ym mv nopm ms, EVW eods avaAwveOle oe no­AePOUS meppovous nou oey oOnyouv neu6eva napopovo amy avQl<u1<llroon. Eow ea 005 amooupe: pia )Jlxpfi Olml­OlIKn nayfoa j.mas KaJ Olpocpoppopele mJIo nou OEV exel spin (OlO pellov Sa aqlJeproSd elolKn OlnAn omv Olmiouxn

KaeWS KOI ous paenpmlKtS oxtoeJS KOI us pizes-Moels lroV eQow­oe,rov lOU fJanerin~. AMeela Ylali n Mon...taullzeIOl pe mv piza, evlote Oe KOI pe 2plzes ?...KOI aUln n leAeUlaia nou ~piOKetOl?).

Einap,e on 0 (j)pov:os...ouOJaotIKo elOepxelOl omv Mopvtop OlO «J3aOlAelo ms LKlOS» «KeKpuppeva» ana mv nioro nopto, ros on~pyavroptvov. «Neoyevvn8fv edov J3ptcpos» pe 10 Nn-po ms Apaxv~s ms ~eplepyns nou «unopxel» ana mv enoxn trov BaAap (Bne~eep==Nnp~==99). To, i010 KOJ 0 enoeos omv AO~Up]VeO p€ mv I·mo ms Aplaxvns. ro 1810 l(aJ 0 N10... }ole 10 «NiJpo-Gamble» (efou KaJ 0 gambler... o KaAroolopfvos nOlxvlOlapns lUXOOJW­Kms 8nAa8fs nou evO:J Eenepoae ro game lOU 1poxou...ev10UlOlS enlOlpecpeJ) IOU DEM pe mv «Cj)otoa» mv nepiepyn. To iolO KOl 0 Luke Skywalker olO Death Star 2... OUOlaOllKa xropis peoo «au­

ronapaB1B6IlCVoS». To 1810 KOJ 0 08uaatos...peow IOU «t.ovpeiou ']nnou» amv Tpoia i1 aav «](oupdwplNOS r~pas» ...omv IElaKn (COV

pvnOlnprov. t.uoKoAes pavooAes aUlts Mpe...oKmavomes KO] cu­oKoA6nemes Yl' aUlo EexoOle les KaJ qlJAOKIO. Einape 0 c5po).los au­tOS elVOl lOU Evos n lOU Kavevos KOI AUlOi «Y€WlQUvtOl» KuploAe­KUKO OlO «pnofv eKlos» building npoA},ov CJmv OKlO lOU. pnaivo­vtas anomv «KpvqlJl nopta»...inside. fla aulO OAllroOlE: «oev UnllP­xe» Kapia BneAetp omv louoaio 1O 0.. nou va mv oeitE:.

KOI pm KOI oxououlKave olo<p<>pa...Yla lOUS «ytpous» va noupe 2­3 pavooAes nepi aulWV YJati KOI aUloi evtOOOOVtOl oe OAOUS lOUS m8avous opopous nou naizouv j.moAlla, ylmi KOI autoi nptnel va J3pouv npwlO mv ultimate epwman KOI OXI mv anavmon. «DvOl autn n yuvaiKa ms zrons pou?». As noupe ou 0 «eEoplolOS TIS X{ep(ls)}pns rEposiT'pOlKOS/fkpl», onros n.x. 0 Iep 1\avoeAOlOs (1261) nou nopeuetOl onros nopeue­laJ...KOI KOnOteS j.mAoKape omv yt<pupa lOY neVto-t.poKOVto wme va onooel to «oonoolO» ano lOY Supo IOU (yla va yiveJ Km6­mv IO «oeEi» IOU XtPl KOI peto va tOY «npoowoel), navto eo txel eE' aplOle:pwv tOU fvav oAllov veotepo KOI Ota oeElo tOu enions evav oAllov veotepo. MeplKoi ea avayvropioale toy ntpOU IOV tgeIDo OIOV tvav veavia...o onoios pnopd va J3pel IO oJOKonompo, pno­pd KOI OX1, onros pnopd KOI va owoel eK veou mv Avopoptoa, onote KOI avayKOOtlKO Sa cpoel to <PPOUIO. Meplxoi ioros va dOme lOY rKOvtaAcp, KOnOIOI oA},OJ Sa dome to MnopAoyK, Konolol tPlIOl lOY Obi KOIlOV Luke... Ano wos.. liuotuxws peplKoi aKopo 1jJo­}<VE:te lO~«l<aAous» KOl tOUS «X01(QUs»...onole yla aulO eipaOle KOI epeis xollapoi:On0J0Te:JVOI va KatalloJ3ouv, 8a KOta1l6J3ouv, On010] 6Xl tl va Kapvoupev. Kal So prolnoouv 01 mo novnpioJ­OE:s...KaAo e:ivOl ouvm6v CAOI autoi va eivOl'Eva? Anavmon. TI l\tpe t60n wpa...olla e:iVOl ptpos OOS, 611a elvOl evtos... aAllo npenel va npooe~ete tiS lIemopepeJes nou KOPVOUV mv fJlacpopa. To tlpnpa ms AeuKavons, nou eKnEpnel 6Aa ta xpwpata...ntav to KOppal] tOU nou enpe:ne va n6el YJO IOOI. Einape oev e:inape? LE:

II

K08e tJpnpa UnOpXelnpn, nAnpoope:Vn pe pves n 6nVOplO. 0 (pPO­VTO as noupe xavel E:va 60KIUAO... KOl e:XSI Kal TO lpaupa mov wpo, TOU l\avoeMTOu n nAnyn nOle:s 6ev e:KAeJOe, 0 pnapnos KOI 0 UJOS xavouv lO xepOKla TOUS nO'\'\OK1S. !J.Wpov KOJ avti600pov, MIPOV KOI avtiAUlpOV, ne:nov8os KOJ avnne:nov8os. Eime e:101POl ylO 1e:IOJ­es JalOpies n wou? Ka8iOle Aomov am auyo oas KOJ apxime ano m P1KpO KOJ Ka8npeplvo nou leA1KO dvOllO 6UOKOAa KOJ peyloTO­lepoana:Ewl onws oas 10 Mpe. /\pa apxioele KOJ TO ~AE:nele e:lOl... IOle m8avolOlO va nOle -KOJ na­pOAes ns nayi6es- oe o,\,\a enine6a...anOKpumoypoqmons KOI ev­vonons KOI evopaons, nepa ana lOUS emcpavelOKous IOAlpnavl­opous lOOV npWlOOV enme:6oov... IOU AaOUlziKOU. fKe:yKep? o avnKaTOmplOpos lOU navoo 010 KOloo e:iVOllO novoo avempappe:­vo KaJ e8w Kpu~elOl eva puonKo. To puonKo... looV ,,61aOlooeoov KOllOU OpiZOVlO». /\AAO 10 Zevi8, 0'\'\0 10 Na6ip...KaJ 0'\'\00 Bop­pas, 0 NOlOS, n AVOloAn KOl n !J.uon oe Ko8e «enine60». /\'\'\0 eni­ons n OKlO IOU 01K060pnpOlOS KOl O€OVOS ms. Enions 0'\'\0 0 oEo­vas va e:ivaJ K08elOs...KaJ OAAO va e:xel 23 Koppa Kan poipes. flO aUl0 KOI Op801OlO OUP~OA1Koos ...n «yn» eivOl KOI «enine6n», 0'\'\0 n yeooypocpia a'\'\ozel omv npoomlKn ms ocpaipas KOI ana e6w Ee­KJvave OJ 6lOJ.lOxeS KOJ ta pnep6e:pOla Yla 10 av 10 KE:vlPO ms e:ivOJ OlOV VOlO n OlOV ~oppo n anAo «KOloo» n «pe:oa». A,\,\o 8a lO nou­pe omv nope:ia aUla Olav 8a oas 6wooupe ns K,\e:i6es lOOV 800po­looV KOJ EepnMEEle KOAOoels, napa6e:ioous, 10PlOPO, yaio, x8wva, KOJ nou exouv pnAexle:i OlO pnouna 10US 6iKnv yop6e:iou 6e:opou.

napa lOUlO opoos, onoos navoo 60J KOI KOloo. (pOlvopevlKn n avli­cpaon. Ta ovo avnolpecpovlaJ: To lpia KOI va avnolpacpouv 6ev aA­AOZOUV nOle: napa povo oos elKOva. Na TO exele aUIO KOla VOUV. o yepovlolepos 80 noel nepa Kl ano lOUS BUo ve:ous. Be­Yond...opa noel. npe:nel KOI aulOS va <<Dop6ioel» ...KOl 13oAe, eJ­66,\,\oos 6ev 130CPOVl0l auyo, OUle aanpizouv OJ AeKE:8es. nepiepyOl 01 yepOl ...On 8eAOUV KOVOUV, O'\'\Ole oos «EepoopapE:vOl OpVOyEpOl» KOI a'\'\OH,: oos «oocpoi OOPV01» ...1O 1jJOXVOUV opoos to Olv06vl. 'EIOJ eivOl 0 Kw81Kas pnaxAa13a8i, 6UOKoAoxwveUlOS...KOJ OjJoos navoo KQl KOloo KOI peoa omv pum oas. 'OAa e:iVOl e'\'\nV1KO. 0 eeos plAOel e'\'\nV1KO. 0 eeos plMr OlOV Ko8e yepovIOlepo...omv <i:>pa lOU. Av e:ivOl e:A-AllV navlO evvoe:i... 0 «pi-lOs» «olO-pi» 06nyei. YnopxeJ noxllOpn 010 Nnpa? Ap-n-a-yn lOu-Mi n povn AUms ylO e:€080 ana lOY Aa-~uplV80.

Einape, 6ev e:inape? Ta lpia Kal v' avnolpacpouv 6ev a'\'\ozouv. Movo av 8laonaOlouv Kal yivel ev-a,\,\ayn. Ta 0poouOJa KOl a8lai­pEta 8ev 8lO-onwvlOJ. 'Elol e:ivOJ...o «KalOKepauv008e:is» e:XEl oKonipoos mv 161omlO lOU «avnolpe:cpeJv». Me 810cpopous lponous KOJ looes cpope:s nou Xo­vels nOla nlav n npwm. Tou e:xeI608e:i oKonipoos aunl n 8uvmom­ta. fJO aUIO KOJ 0001 eYKAoo13izoVIOJ OlOV «AOKKO IOU cppe:mos»...vopizouv on Olevizouv lOY oupavo. EivOJ eKelVO 10 «8oopanOK1» 010 mo KOIW lJe:pOS lOU building...nou 08nye:ioOl Kal eK lOU «cppe:OlOS ms a13uooou» KOI nou n opocpn lOU e:ivOJ 0lJaM KQllO no lOOpa Aa€eUlJE:vo ...

The matrix is real but is not. What must you break to escape? The «rea]" or the «unreal»? Ta "Iepmda» nou 13Mnele va lJOXOVlOl oe Ko8e ouv8eon KOJ ano­ouv8eon ms IpmMmws, npoe:pxOVIQl KQl ta BUo ana eKtpOnn.

III

<pavws oav aunl nou pou<po toy Epn€pa PuJputine n mv MOpVIOp KOJ to oaKlUAiolOV 10 Kapapnou­ZOUKAiolKO n toy Smith. Xwpis fvwon KOJ mom o€V nos nou8€Vo.

Mas pwmoav Konolol -P€OW lpi­tWV- nou j3piOK€tOl n MOpVIOp om Y€IlOVlO tous. Ou P€ AOP€PS. Bp€i­l€ mv npwla €VIOS oaS...KOl 80 mv j3pdl€ KOJ an€vavu. Einap€ O€V d­nape? fvw8l0eaUtOv...KOlpnv vo­pioouv P€PlKOi OJ onoiol 80 j3pouv KonOla pEpn tou pattern ... OU d­VOl linous €lOlKOi «€KA€Ktoi» pE yKOPEV€S KOJ poyes ana KOIW va zmwKpauyozouv OKizovtOS to

lPOUO KOl to olpivyK touS...ylOli 80 KOlaAf1€ouv KOU oAllo pE nEpI­KE<paAaia. MElpO...MpE...olyavn <pwuo, pnv XOO€I€ anolopa to

uypo oas.'EIOl 80 dOlE mo v60u­pOI OIOUS j3oAaoOpEs... IOUAOXl­otoV Elm 80 vopizouv, pexpl va «p€toAllax80uv» to «uypo». Kono€t€ mv j30pEtn Ka8np€plVO­mtO oos, OAO EVtOOOOVIOl 010 OAOV pattern oaAaponoinons KOJ IpopoKpomons oas to onoio €pn€pJEx€l opws KOl liS naplES oJO<puyns...nou oonyouv e:K vtou oe: avaKuKACllon ...e:KIOS KOJ av YJO nOAAOOln <popa Mpe:, yiVE:I 10 impossible. Ano<pooiOlE UAO­yoi e:iat€ e:nllEAous. Eiate: opan€te:s, <puyooe:s, one:Ae:u8e:pOl n KGU OAAO? flo nOlous e:iVOllO <puye:? fla lOUS AlVe:ie:s nou 8a 10 OKO­oouv ana mv Tpoia n aulOus nou 80 OlopOlnoouv mv avaKu­KAwon? l\e:mn nayica aun'!. rlpoj3Mm:IOl xapos Mp£, to npoj3Anpa ICllV residents KOJ toU capacity Yla to onoio nOn oplAnoapE. AAlIo onws npoe:inape:...ooo ouvallWV£l n anoxauvwon, 100080 ouvapwv£1 KOJIO «ioo KOJ avli­8£10» ms. Anapaitmo aUlD Yla mv...e:AniOa. flO aulD KOJ €ViOle: 80 am:uSuvopOOle: ouompa oe: naiKI(pI)e:S pe:lpnpEvous Ola 5 OOKIU­Aa. !1e:v PIAOpe: Yla aulOUS nou KOllOve: 10 56KlUAOV. MlAOPE: YJO au-

IOUS nou 80 e:nJxe:lpflOOUV to oApa.

nauon lwpa KOJ see yo later KpO­KOOe:lAOKJO. S

O/H/To/OI/Ta YUPloov<t ••• »

nlleov omv Ym;pj3opEa. }lEla mv avazwnupwon IOU tpom­l<OU xpWllatOS tOUS omv YnEp­VOtEa Kal uOIEpa ana Komw­OEIS npoonaGEIEs ani:Kmoav nAe:KlpoVIKO taXUOPO}le:io nou ouvOi:e:1 tOY nAavnm oas pe: mv Yne:pj3opEa.

tris-a-telies@hotmail.com

II

China

" ,

llaomKe "Challenger Deep" npos ullnv lOU allepJKav1Kou nAoiou Challengernou npcl:Ho eKleAeoe m ~u80lltlpnon OlO oUyKeKp1llE­vo onllElo. H lltlpnon 010 onllElo (nou ~pioKelOl OlJS auvlelayllE­YES 11 °19_N, 142°15_E) Eoe1~e 10,916llElpa, nou nlav KOllO lleya­Mlepo YVOOOlO fla80s oe oAn my enJKpcHe1a ms fns, noM OUVlO­lla onll,oupyn8nKav OJ OKE1j!elS ylO mv «KOlaKmon» IOU onllelou, ylO mv npoollo lOU va KOle~el KonOlos oe eKdvo 10 aniOleulO KOl IpopaKuKo )3a80s nou e5ive1 vea eVVOla am M€n «aj3uooos» np1V ana onOlovoimOle o'\'\ov, o OJ3elos enJOlnllovas Augustus Piccard, Ellnelpos oxe6lOouls J3a8uoKa<poov (Elal oVOllOZOVlOI lO unoJ3puxlO nou npooplzOVIOl ylO KOlaOUoels lleyaAoov fla8wv) eixe OXEOlaOEI tva ~a8uoKa­cpOS, EnollovazojJevo Trieste (Tepyearn) lO onoio KOlaoKeuaam­KE OlTi fepllavia KOJ ana lO 1953 avnKE ow yaAA1Ko NauuKo, eKIElIwvlOs ooKeavoypa<pJKES jJElpnoe1s y,a Aoyaplaollo lOU am MeooyElO. To 1958 ayop60mKE anolO allEplKavlK6 Nau!lKo uno my KOloxn lOU onoiou 8a xpnOljJonOlouvmv y,a mv anollElpa Enavopoollevns KOloouons OlOV nu8lltva lOU Challenger Deep. To OKOq>OS inav llla noM E~unvn KOlaoKEun, To oKaq>os niwns, OnAaOn 0 aV8EK!lKOS 8aAallos llEoa OlOV onoio 8a ~P10KOlav lO nAnpoolla oe:v nlOV napa llJa alaaAlVn oq>aipa olallElpou 2, 16llelpoov. f!.e:v 8a llnopoum: va e:i­VOl lle:yaMle:pn a<pou n niEon Ola ~a8n nou 8a KOlEj3OlVe: elVOl nEpinou 1,25 10VOl avalE:lpayoo­Y1KO EKalOolo (!) onOle lO lOJXWllOla IOU 8a EnpenE va eivOl ana naxu OloaAl lO onoio q>UOl­Ka ElVOI noM ~apu. flO va llllopEoel 0llooS va eIllOlpe1j!e:l omv elllq>ave:Ja n oq>aipa aUln 8a npEneJ va e:iv01 ouvOeOEjJEvn llE Kau nou 8a na­POYEl ovooon 6nAa6illle KOll nou 8a e:iVOl eAa­<pPUIEPO ana lO vepo a,\,\a 6a llnope:i va avle~E1

us IpojJepes llleOels. KOJ aUIO nou oKE<pmKE 0 Piccard OE'.V rlTav napa Eva eAa<ppu K01 OXl 1000 av8EKUKO OKOq>OS lO onoio 8a yelllZOV lle:,oo ne­IpEAOlO, To nElpeA010 eiVOl e:Aaq>pulepo ana lO ve:po aAAo oav uypo nou e:ivOl, e:iVOl aoujJnie:olO onolE n u1j!nlln niEOn OEV EXEI Kapia ouvEne:lO. H npooj3aon OlO eaAajJO lOU nAnpwllOlos Y1VOlOV

MII,Jlor IJ"MOIf/""flJOr

lleooo e:vos oooAnva nou m:pvouoe: lleoa ano m «oe~alle:vn» lOU ne:lpe:Aaiou. To llovao1Ko napo8upo lOU 8aAollOU lOU nAnpwllalOs nlOv KOlaoKeuaollEvo ana Aouoim, Eva E10I­KO e:ioos nAe~IYKAas nou nlOv lO llovaolKo olOq>avEs UA1KO nou 8a llnopouoe: va aVIE~E'.l

mv le:poolla nie:on. na EPlla xpnOlllonoin­oav ooxEia lle OloepEv1a o<p01piolO lO onoia 8a ane:Ae:u8epoovav OlOV 8a Enpene: va na­pouv lO OPOllO ms EnJOlpoq>ns, H e:lllxdpnon 6eKivnoe ous 5 OKlooJ3piou 1959 OlOV W q>opmyo nAoio Santa Maria (KOla OUllnlooon 10 iolO ovolla dxe: n KOpa­

~E'\'\a lOU XpJOlO<pOPOU KoMll~ou) ~e:Kivnoe:

ylO m vnoo Guam, onllalOOOlwvlOS lO ~e:Kivnlla lOU "Project Nekton", lO onoio anOle:Aouvlav ana llla oe1po KOlaOUoeoov 010 Mariana Trench, Ll1S 231avouapiou, lO Trieste enavopoollEvO an6 lOY a~loollauKo IOU alle:plKavlKOlJ NaullKou Don Walsh KOJ lO y'O lOU onll'oupyOU lOU oKa<pous, Jacques Piccard, ~eKivnoe YJO lOY nu8llEva lOU ~a8utepou onlle:iou, lOU Challenger Deep. Mela ana nepinou 5 wpes lO oKaq>os E<plOoe OlOV nu8lltva, OX] 0llooS xoopis nEplllEleJE:S, LE KanolO onllElo ms Ka8600u x08nKe n Ena<pn lle lO llmp1Ko nAoio omv enJq>6velO evw K08ws nEpvouoe lO 9000 llElpa K01 oe KOloolOon nAflpous OKOlOUS, tva ana lO e€oolep1Ko nave:A ana nAe~lYKAas Eonaoe: ana mv unep)3oA1Kn nieon oUYKlIovizo­VlOS oMKAnpo lO OKO<pOS. nap' oAa aUla, 0llooS, Oev onllelW8nKE'. olappon, onenE 01 Piccard KOJ Walsh anoq>aOloav m ouvExlOn ms anoowAns. Meoa OlO oKa<pos enJKpmouoe 1j!UXOS (7 j3a6lloi KeA­oiou) K01 01 oonyoi lOU EIPOOYav OOKOAaleS Yla va OlOmpouv In OU­valln lOUS. TeA1Ko, OlO IEAOS ms nellnlnS wpas KOl06uons, lO Trieste aKoullnnoE OlOY nu8lltva IOU Challenger Deep. Hanias ms znll'OS nepmyn8nKav OlO j3u8olloA1S ylO tva e1KooaAemo, av KOI 010 jJelO~u Eixav avaKlnOEJ mv maq>n lle lO llmplKo oKaq>os. LnllE1WVEl01 eOw OU nap' oAn mv lleyaAn lOxumlO lOU nxou 010 vepo (nepinou nevlE q>OPES lleyaMlepn ana mv aVllOlOlxn olOV oEpa) lO nxnllKa onllalO nou e:Knellnovlav eKavav 7oeUlEpOAEnla Yla va <plaoouv ana lOY nu8lltva Olnv Emq>CrvElO KOI lO avdotpo­q>o. Ka6ws napampouoav lO j3u60 lle: evov ano lOUS lOXUpous npo~oAe:is lOU OKOq>OUS, OJ Piccard KOl Walsh EKnAnKlOl d6av ell 6ev nlOV epnllos, 6noos q>ovlazovlav, a,\,\6 Oll unnpxE nAayKlov

KOl nOlK1AiES 1j!aplWV. 6'\'\ES YVOOOles KOl 6A­Aes ayvOOOlES, Aq>ou anoq>aOloov OU n napa­llovn lOUS eKe] nlOV apKe:tn, aq>noav lO tplla toov Oq>Olp16iooY Ka1 ~eKivnoav lO lO~i61 ms em­o'tpoq>ns. Me:la an6 lpels wpes KOl OEKantvte Aema lO Trieste avaOu8nKE omv Em<pove:m ms 8aAaooas OiVOVlOS IEAOS omv ayoovia lOU nAnpwllalOs KOl lOOV unoAollloov ouvleAeolwv ms emxe:ipnons. To OUOKOAO 000 KOl enn<lV­ouvo eyxElpnlla lOU va KOlE~e:1 6v8poonos OlO mo j3a8u onlleio lOOY ynlvooy 8aAaoowv e:ixe: Mr~el IEAOS lle enlluxia, K01 lO Trieste EiXE yu­piOEl ana lOY ayvooolO J<0l IpOllaKtll<o KOOjJO ms a~uooou KPOlWVlOS zooVlavO lO nMpoojJo tou. Ano tote 6ev EXE1 €ovaKOlt~El 6vepoonos ow Mariana Trench KaJ ElVaJ allq>iJ3oAo lO no­te 8a ~avaaullflEi Kau IEt010 aq>ou n lotOpia IOU peKop nOn EXEl ypa<pEL,. S

'1 a pOOOlKa j.leoa EVnj.lepooons KavOUV Myo yJa j.lJa onj.laVllKn avaKaAUljIn:

:.'Eva ana m j.leyaAUlepa j.lUolllpJa ms! jlOlopias IOU 200u Oloova loxupizovml noos e€IXVlaoav POOoOl epaanexves apxOlO­MyOi nou avaKaAUljIav oma ylO m onoia M­ve au avnKouv OlOV YlO KOJ KAnpoVoj.lo IOU le­AEUmiou mapou ms Pooolas, NlKoAaou B', KOJ ms aoep<pns lOU, nou EKleMomKav ana lOUS MnoAoe,BiKous to 1918.

To oOla nou m8avotOla avnKouv OlOV loapE­13llS (YlO KOl Olaooxo tou Toopoul Me€el Nl­KOAOe,Bns KOJ omv aoep<pnlOU, m j.leyoAn OouKlooa Mapia NIKoAae13va, e€elazovlal 100poolKaouKa omv nOAn EKOlepiVj.lnoupyK ms KEvlplKns Poooias. LUj.l<poova j.lE mv E<pn­j.lEpioa lafjealla, Ol epEuvmes eVlomoav 10 Ae:lljIava e:vos ayOPlOU 10 - 13 etoov KOJ j.llas veapns yuvaiKas, 18 - 23 eloov, KOJ oinAa lOUS o<paipEs Ka800s KOl epaUoj.latO ana tva KEpOJ.llKO ooxE:fo IOU iOlou lunou j.lE aUIO nou

e:lxav 13peeei 10 1991 j.lazi j.lE ewea ollous OKEAEIOUS nou avnKav Ola j.lMn ms maplKns OIKoytvelOs Kaeoos Kal KonOloov atOj.looV lOU unnpEuKou 10US npoooomKou. Lm OlopKEla ms epeuvos lOUS ylO m Ae:lljIa­va IooV POj.lavo<p, Ol epaonexves apxOloAo­VOl e:vlomoav tva ola,Ba8j.lIOj.leVO eyypa<po OlO onolO 0 apxnyos ms j.lovaoas IooV MnoAoeJliKoov nou eKleAEoe mv toaplKn Ol­Koytvela, nepleypa<pE j.le aKpi,BeJa mv OlO­ooxnloov yeyovolWv: LUS 1710uAiou 1918 eva anoonaoj.la MIlOA­oE,BiKooV oonynoE oe eva EyKOlaAElj.lj.leVO opuxe:io, e€oo ana 10 uapivj.lnoupyK, ewea anolO OUVOAIKO tvteKa j.lEAn ms maplKns 01­Koyevelas: lOY NlKoAao B', m ouzuyo IOU, AAe:€avopa, lpia ana lO OUVOAIKO leooe:pa

KophOla, lOY YJalPO ms OlKoytvelas KOllpelS unnpele:s, onou KOJ tous e:KleAe:oe. To mooj.la­10 10US neplAouomKav j.le: 8elJKO o€u ylO va j.lnv j.lnopouv va avayvooplOlOUV KOJ am ou­vexelO 80<pmKav oe tva AOKKO. To 1991 j.lia oj.looa apxOloMyoov avaKOAUljIe to Aeiljlavo lOUS, 10 onoia uno,BM8nKav oe e€elOon DNA yJa loulOnoinon olOlxeioov. LUj.l<poova j.le: m pOOOIKn e:<pnj.le:pioo, 01 emotn­j.lOVe:S xpnOlj.lonoinoav oe:lYJ.la DNA IOU oou­KO IOU EOlj.l,BOUpyou, nou exe:l j.laKplvn ouy­yeve:la j.le: m pOOOIKn ,BoOlAlKn OJKoyeve:Ja. Ana IOIe:, OJ e:molnj.lOve:s Kate,BaAav OUVIOVl­oj.leve:s npoon08e:les yJa lOY e:vlOmOj.lo KOJ IooV OOlOOV lOU veapou Me:€el KOJ ms Mapias. Tov 10UAlO IOU 1993, e:pe:uvmes IOU e:pyaom­piou IOU 'OAvle:pj.laotov 010 OUUKO Aovoivo,

Ol'lvKas Kupl6pxnoav ous AVOe:IS, KatOKlOO­vras nolles m:pJOxts nou Ollj.le:pa avnKouv OlO EKoual'J6p, 1O ne:pou, m BOAI13io, mv Apye:vuvn, m XIM KOl mv KOAOj.l13io - tva te­

e:Ee<ppaoav m ,Be,BOlolma noos to 0010 nou avoKoAU<p8nKav 10 1991 e:lVOl npOyj.lOuIOU mopou NlKOAOOU B, ms ouzuyou IOU KOJ IPlOOV ana us OUVoAIKoleooepls KOpe:S 10US. o 46xpovos LepyKel nAOVUKO<p, OlKOOOj.lOS 010 e:nOvve:Aj.la, nlav 0 av8poonos nou ava­KOAuljIe to OOlOlooV OUO nOloloov. TPIOe:UIUXI­OJ.ltvos YlO mv avoKOAUljIn ouln, onAoooe xa­pOKmplOuKa OlO pOOOIKa Meoa Evnj.lepoo­ons noos KOU IbOlO oUj.lj3oive:1 j.lia <popo am zwn e:vos av8poonou. «Eij.lOl Kale:v80uOIa­oj.levos tOOpo nou to nOlolo 8a ,BpiOKOVIOl KOl nOAl e:vooj.leva j.le: mv OlKoyeve:lo lOUS», KOlMn€e 0 e:paonexvns opxOloMyos.

.. _--­ .....

'EIOl, Aomov, lo j.luOlnplo ms luxns IooV Ael­ljIavwv ms maplKns OlKoyeve:Jas InS Pwoias

. \.np8e: EmtMous 010 <pws. \ \ ...

\'\' '\

POOlJO KpOlOS 1O onoio OJ.lWS Kmeppe:uoe lOY 160 Oloova, j.leto mv e:lo13oM twv lonavoov Ka­lOKlmOOv. H oVEMnm Oloon IooV lonavoov anevavu olOus'lvKas e:lXE oav anOleAe:oj.la mv e€a<pavlon nolloov OlOlXe:lWV Yla m zwn KOJ 10 E:81j.la aUlou IOU Aaou ms Aj.le:plKns, j.lEPlKO e:K IWV onoiwv ntav, 0001000, OPKe:tO j.laKaj3pJa Ka800s o<popouoav lO t81j.l0 twv «KanatOOKa», nou ne:pIAoj.l,Bave: av8pwno­8uoies j.le: 8uj.lOla nOlolo nou, onws npoKu­me:l ana llS ve:Otepe:s tpe:uve:s, npoe:pxotav ana us ne:ploxes twv KOlaKmptvwv AaOOv ... LUyKAOVIOUKO OlOIXEla VI' aUIO 10 anav6poo­no t8lPO Iwv'lvKas e<pe:pe: OlO <pws n avoAuon tPll(OOV ana OUO e:€Olpe:m<6 OIOmpnj.l£V€s j.loUj.lles nOIClIoov, KOI oUyKeKplj.lEVa ev6s 15xpovou KOPllOlOU KOI e:vos 7xpovou cryo­PIOU, nou lJazl pe tva tpito e:vos enicms 7xpo­

.~ '~, . . -t-.­·)}'·····1·· ) "'. \- ',,,,,

-

YOU KOpnOlOU, j3pe8nKav ro 1999 KOVta omv

Kopuq>ll rou nq>Olmeiou AOUAalAOKO am 130­

~"'''~-j peloounxn Apyevnvn, KOVta ma oUvopa pe

m XIM. EmompovlKn opooa, uno m oleu­

8uvon rou Ka8nymn Tip08l TeJAop rou nave­

mompiou tOU Mnp6vtq>opvt, npoxoopnoe oe avaAuOn tWV lomonwv rou av8paKa, azoo­

tOU, o~uyovou KOl uopoyovou oe tpixes nou aq>aipeoav ana ns pouples twV BUo nOJoloov

- pIa pe8000 ana mv onoia pnopouv va npo­

KU1jJOUV aoq>aMmma mOJxeia Yla ns olmpo­

q>lKes ouvn8eles twv av8poonwv. Ol avaM­

oels outes eoel~av on OJ anOKaAoupevOJ «Ko­

pn rou AOUAOlAOKO» Kal «AYOPl rou AOUAOl­

AaKo», inav peAn ayponxoov olKoyeveloov,

Ka800s n OlOtpoq>n tOUS j3aOlZOtav oe Aaxa­

VlXa Kal nmotes. OOtOOO, 12 pnves nplV Su­Olamouv n olmpoq>n rous epnAoudomxe pe xaAapnOKJ KOl zWlxes npwteives ana an~n­papl':vo xpeas Aopa, onAa6fl tpOq>ES ons

onoies eixav npooj3aon povo 01 npovoplou­

XOl eKeivns ms enoxns. Lupq>wva pe mv emompovlKn opooa nou

ole~nyaye mv ev Myw epeuva, n a)J..ayn om olmpoq>n a,\,\a KOJ ro Koupepa twV pa)J..loov

pe8nKe enHeAous n pouPJO ms Xo­

toenOout (1520 -1484 n.X.), ms nepi­q>npns xopns rou <papaoo Tou8pwon A, nou unnp~e pIa ana ns mo napo­

~eves j3aoiAlooes ms apxaias AlyUmou. na­

pa~evn, ylad peto rov 8avmo rou etep08a­AOUS aoeAq>ou XOJ ouzuyou ms Tou8pwon B', avd va aq>noel mv e~ouoia oe xonOlOV av­opa, onws ananouoav Ol VOPOl ms AlyUmou

exeivns ms enoxns, avOKnpu~e rov eamo ms

<papaoo KOJ KOtop8woe va xuf3epvnoel In

«xoopa rou NeiAOU» KOJ pOAJOtO pe aM8JVa

«al8epevla nuypn». 0 tponos 8laxuJ3epvn­

ons amns ms yuvaiKas, nou Ol€la~e va mv

avanaplotavouv Oto olaq>opa pvnpda ws

crvopa, ntav tErolOS nou Konme npo~evlloe 1O

pioos OKopn XOJ twV iOIWV ms twV auyyevoov,

01 onoiOl peta rov 8avmo ms 8i:Anoav va m

oj3noouv ana mv lmopia...

Lupq>wva pe onpooJeupa ms eq>npepioas New York Times, 0 op. Zaxi Xaou6s, yevlxos

ypappmeas rou Avootmou LUpj30UAiou ApxOJmnlwv ms AlyUmou nou eopeuel mo

KOlpo, 8nAwoe on n tpaylKn eJpwveia ms

uno8eons tyxenal oro on n POUPla nou ava­zmouoav eni tooes oexaedes j3PlOXOtav xu­plOAexnxoos «\mpomo om pana tOUS», aq>Du

J3pe8nxe non ana 101903 oe evav OXl XOl to­

00 Aapnpo taq>o ms KOlA6oas tWV BaolMwv,

a)J..a tote Oev eixe avayvWPlOtei.

Havayvooplon ms Xmoenoout tyJve jJe til J3on­8ela ms a~ovlxns ropoypaq>ias evos Kounou

." ..

toel~av on OpOPOAOYOUVtav pla oelpa ano yeyovota nou emJ3ej3Oloo8nxav ana to nepOl­tl':pw anmeMapma t<ilV avaMoewv: 'Onws oJOniotwoav, n oUYKeKplpevn q>oon anOte­

Aouoe mv avdotpoq>n pEtpnOn yla mv leAeOn

ms av8pwn08uoias, Ka800s 4 pnves nplV

ano mv teAelOupYlxn 8avatwon tWV naloloov ~exivnoe pla nopeia, m8avotma ana mv npwteuouoa lwv']vxas, KouzKo, npos to

nq>aimelo. Lm olapxela outns ms nopeias

xopnyouvtav oto nOJOla eva Olvonveupmoo­

oes nOto yvwmo ws «wiKa» (pnipa ana xa­

AapnoKI) a)J..a KOJ q>u)J..a xOKas, npOKelpe­

YOU va petpJOmouv to oupmoopatO ana ro

u1jJopetpo KOJ napo)J..nAa va j3pioKOVtOl ou­vexoos oe pla KmaOmOn pe8ns oome va pnv

txouv ouvai08non rou nenpwpevou nou rous

eneq>uAaooav. Lro teAOS outns ms nopdas,

to nOlOlo oOnyn8nxav oe vao, oe an6otOon

25 petpwv ana mv Kopuq>n rou nq>Olmefou,

onou aq>e8nKav yla va ne8avouv ana ns

ava8uplooels n KOJ mv e)J..el1jJn o~uyovou

nou emKpate] m: eKdvo ro pey6Ao u1jJopetpo.

o xa8nynms TlbAOp, aq>ou emonpaivel nws ana to mOlxeia ms Epeuvos rou npoxumeloll

la nalOla nou 8UOloomxav oro nq>aimeJo

npoepxotav ana ayponKes neploxes o)J..wv Aaoov nou eixav xatOXlll0el Ol']vKas, 8ewpei on exavav outes llS av8pwnoSuoies OXl p6vo

YJO va e~eupevioouv rous 8eous rous a)J..a

-Ka8oos oev npenel va ~exv6pe on 10 Kp0tOS 10US anOteAOuoe pm peyaAn JpnepJOAlonxn

ouvapn- Yla va tpOpOKpmnoouv IOUS Kata­

Kmpevous nAn8uopoUs.

I ,l'"

\.

/t~~, '-:r'-=:'"~ft~~'~~~\ f {' ,I i \ . ) _"",;;1"'-~,1".' \ ,Il...\ •. t~

./

~. .. ~----'\ \.,

\ ...". \ " '.

......".-.. -~~~.v_ ...

\-\

....

"'13Al;>8311 Aldll

oAN SO>lId>p"oU 0 311p 0" 1013d?d> '«Od?lDU

"010 ool;lll 0" 'SrlO'(?1l1l3 '3rl 31Olfd>\f" ;u038

""911rl "Ul "lflflD 30 h?OdOAUhIlD mA9,( rlOl OfDl

-rl3'(31 Dl 9UO mOUl;>>1 lOll 9W '«rlOrll,l'(OlO

-0110 "Ul ooDqJdll'(1l1l3 0" Dill qJdOllrl h3g Q,od>o

'COJ\I)l}31I 0" od319rtnodlI [O"l]" :S1l9lZ! 01'(

-9Algdoll 'rlOl O?lorlrlodA "010 13U 3XP solgl

° '31Ooo'ffli '13d?d>0Ilrl 0" 0,(,(9 3X31"9 h3g

sqJ80>l 'rlOl SQ-0dlDCA SrlOl 9110 130lflUZ 3XP

01 sOIgI ° lfg13113 0101,(9rllOll 01l9U hOlD DID

-Oh08rl3 3"!A? 0" 9h08111 9111'(31 [J)"!3 SqJSOll

'13119dll 0'('(9 lOll 13?'( 0'('(9 9hOlllloll 01 119

1013"Iod> UDoolllld3U u/I9rlld1l311An.o UlO '[Dl],

.. ,«SOIoOh08rl3

uj9dll "Q,0lO[hrlO sqJ8011 'If''3800 "O"? 3D

101''011l9110[9 0" C3U?dU Mg Q,Od3" lOll Slfd>

-Odl umlf'( u" 119 'rl0ldSrl311131 Sl SilO 'rlOl

~~-"

'orlqJO 01 SUI 0,(9 30 S[309lDDl3rl 13Al;>1l

3XI3 rlOU '''qJI00 "001 O"Illdoll 9UO 3h08?U lOll

ullfSDl9 9llD 3XDOU? DlUl9h08111 009u 910)1

'O/l9rloo'(ox hOllf SUI 0111199 od3190md3u Dl

lOll 'ulldo0Q.X0u '''qJ13 OS rlOUld311 hOllf ollfD"

-M U 119 OlD hOjU'(?1011 '''qJIUM3d3 "001 sog

-9rlo SUI lod101 10 mrlQ,orl UI0 hOhOll? S310UO

SIl S31d>odAorlO1 S?ll[AOjO S3?" SIl SDl"qJ13'(3W

'«SUI SOl3'(1008 SUI lOX 009 sU19xlg °091

'ld9"X 389x [3ri1;ldlDDlOX 0" 3DU8.r;>UDOdu"

'30Q-OOlrl Ul 119 [Dl3A;l'( sqJ80X 'lOX SUI 9101'1

-98 "01 l/13rl3XUIX?gDlg Ul 'S9X[gI3 OglhOxld

-3rl\f U pAuj3 '.J sUD9rl8rl0l 'SUI s9"oA9llD 0 'od>91-qJod0<D 1'1001 0A;lrlOg3g Dl DlA-9Al3llDl

hOA;l 30 OO?rl 311U8;JdS lQ,0DU3DlOX SUI Dlrl

-Q,orl U rlOll UA!;>'(U3j3 h3g 'su"qJlDOll SUI rl0lrl

-UlD!U3hOU rlOl SOA9'(0llIlMIO 'lhOdllW 'dg H 'lQ,00U301OX 11 lOX 3XlfhD 0loUO AUlD 'rlOlllQ.A!v

sOfDxdo SUI SOplOOMg SU81 Sill uxdl/[dlUrl

Ul 'ud91d3d>3N 109rlxv AUllOll ollfDAn.A UXdOD

-Q.XOU AUlD 003rlt:thO S010rlfD UD;JXD 13xd911rl

5001119 n913?"l!13goUrl '311USlfcOllOlDrlAodll rlOll

Q-0xl'(rl Q-0xn3A3A UOrl,(9hO 'oAodx91n.Dl 'rlom

-r;J.r\f SUl rl0P'(1001l rl0m rl0A3rl9A3'( rlOl "00"

""9rl3Au 1'1001 SU'(0U9dx3A SUl 'Aoo?'(1001l 1'1001 sog

-9'(10)1 SUI 09 0091 "OlD 3xu8;Jdg rlOll soxfD"

-M sUlldooQ-XOu sDlrl SDlrlQ,0rl SUl DlUl9'(IOX

lfllnorlolD UlO OZId U"?rloOIlO Ul [J)ll SOA9Amo

Soorl90! 'IOlO109UllAD 10)[ !0)[1h30d>OO~3 Sq>V31h3

ADlI,l 180;>)[OW nOl !orlOlonxoI 10 JOln\f .ADrl

-~001 AOI 019J AOI 10)[ Llrl9)[0 «130J!OOV0rlxlO»

13X~ nou 10)[ '«OX09W LlI 9UO lDlJ3ALl9080)[

nou AOOU9)[ODlO)[ nO~I)[19 nOlrl09)[Aou» S9A3

1)[ '«SOJoorlOOAnO sOJollADAlA SDlrl» OOO~rl orlo

-9)[ AOI Ano0I,lI)[OlD)[ OA s~lDlAnorlO)[ snOl SOlAq>8Ll09 '«,\1\,-911 Am

3rl orll,lg-orll,lg Af).00ooXOOU» U9 Llosal{;)\f LlOaa Am 10)[ [[ol{smw

';) a61Oao n0J3V311U3. (10)[IA3J nm 9ALlXOO AOI 30Ll09ALllD)[ IS

-o;>xoW°IS6I nOI nOJAn0l PI suo Soorl9 l)l '1,l10Dlono03A 1,l10lAnOrl

-O)[UAD nm n0[9J nm SOAn30~ Orlo3~IOUOADll,l h39 10)[ S3J030Llun

S3109rlLl9 SllD Ll91,l AD1AO)[OJOg nou «S~IOlAnOrlrlO)[»snoh3rl~suoun

snOl 131fu;>0AolD)[ OA DlA ADrl~001 LloLlAo~gn)[ Ll Dl9! Ll 130J100l0)[

3XJ3 ALlI «OloN» LlI I,llno SOOU ~lOU 303d>~AD h39 180;>)[OW °DlOg~8.

iS~lDlAnOrlO)[ snOl 9UD «J38ooogDl9» 3XP ADrl(10o1

LloLlAo~gn)[ Ll SOOU 3)[LllDJonxOI AmA9)[OIno nOl Sl,llD

-Dlon003A °AD19 'OrlOl;> 18010 Dl3X?MD LllD J3S~no

OA DlA LS snolO 0d>n09)[0l0)[ 303U? IS0.r;>llDW nm «SOl0i\'

SLlOl)Drl» SLlI Aoorl9lD AOOI S9tlelOO ° ADOLl8(10VOllD nou

s39;>rl0983 0(1g Sll:i 'lLlaWUOdaaaWlSOlD'Sf).Olno9UD

10031900[03U 10 'lOlhOZ.r;>A03 (0)[ '«orlrl9)[ 9)[UOIAnorlo)[

010 J01DlU [oAJ31,l sno~rl Ol0.r;>)[» Anoo~d> nou AOOUq>OOOU

SOZ «OlOJV» Dlrl nm DlO~X 010 3XP 'soJMAO[8. sl,l)[unv

SL1l 6LlHOOlfM nm Aq>)[[oAnJ AOOA.r;>)[[Vurlnou3d LlXON LlIO

3tftnVJ?)[OUO SOOUO,' «OJOOrlOOAno 1,l)[llDlAnOrlO)[ I,lllI -IZOrl» Dlrl '3)[L1lDJonxO[ SOOU9 '3tftnv.r;>)[OUD 180.r;>)[·:·· ,

-ow 'd d>3z9z1 MOA9)[0[o.o nm sl,llODlono03A.

sOA.r;>)[ryurlnou30 ° OS6I nm nOJoonoog3<D 6 SIl .

YUH 1111 IOWIIBdV}!VW 0 IV}!Vld31IA H}l11IINAOWO}lllNV H

iIVW VI1VU3d}l Vl OUV U1V}! «IONI}I}lO}l» 10

'[SOJ?)[OW I,llOO[OnOO

-3A 0.01 SLlAJ3)[3 '\fUH AOOl 9)[10310003 010 SOJoorl

-OOAno SO?A SDlrl ~nlUJ?AD ALll mA Orl[Ol~ AO~VU

ADll,l sod>09? 01 'Llongop[9 10)[ 1,l000[U3 1,L)[IlD

-IAnOrlrlO)[ ALlIO S3loov;>n3 om 10)[ 0V9 AnoAJA oS

S30q>X S~)[llnv [0 0Jouo ALlI 3rl OAood>rlf).O '«OMrl

-91N nm 0J0O(38» Llh3rl9A3V LlI 30L1l9900nu 0Jg

-OdJOlO[AnOrlrlO)[ 1,l)[[AD)[[03rlo H '9rlmAnorlrlO)[

9>1113[g0:i 010 UAD~UO 1,l)[1ll0)[[U3 om 10)[ 0V9

[0l3AJA OA 301XO.r;> Llrlq>M I,lMO)[ 1,l)[IAD)[103rlo H

«"'soJ0OOd SLlI AOO30.r;>1 Aq>)[1l0l)[3U3 AOOI

Ll03X0.r;>AD LlAunoAJ? [0)[ t,l0L1l0no J?VVo t,I)[U3AOrl

-oun 'UrlD389duod)[orl U [OAI3 OA 13U?du V:i:i3.

SUl llADA~ St,I)[lllVOU sl,l)[[AD)[[03rlO SUl 0J3x

-1010 oxooJon)[ 01 soou S?d>OD [OAB" :uouua)l

aOlOao ° 3XU1DJV3AAon3 nou '«SUD3XD

-.r;>AD" SUl UAJ3X3 AO?VU ADII,L \fUH AOOI lPUllV

-ou UrlUOJU3 H 'JOOSX3 [OlXnol,LllD [OI? ADA[A:9

'snOl /f~0l3rl [3Dlfrl3VoU ?lOU ADXp h3g nou

S30q>X 0l)g 'UDOOA3. t,lX1l3[g0:i 10>1 1,L>I[03rl\f

'«f).orlomodJ 0.01 AOOl;>rlrl[3VOUn AOOI UOIO

-.r;>S0>l)[3 AUlO (0)[ SOJlDO)[OrlUg SLll uonxoJh3

AUlO 'l)0rlo[VOl03Url[ 0.01 LlOOOO?13gno~3 AUlD

.r;>>I[lODlOnO (31)3XOlO nou 9)[llDO)[OrlUg 10)[ 9)[IlOlVDlO

-3urlmAD Ol UVV.r;> AUl 9UO [)[ 'SOJ!OO)[orlug SUI UDnao

-0;>10)[ AUl 10)[ l)orlol'(m03urll 1)0)[IAD)[103rlo nm OJX

-ODlOn)[ Dlrlo9)[Aou ALlI OX9lD 0101»)[ soo [3X? nou '9)[1l

-OO)[orlugUAD [0)[ 9)[[lOl'(Dl03url[ 01 mrl Ul9UO :orlo9)[

AOlD AD)[USI,LAOnOlrlug 093u9l00lD 0I)V» :norl?vou

f).0)[lAOV03g1 s9h3 ~nol,LllD[g U soo WOfU!wo)l SUI SUO

-nogJ SUl DlDJOVU 010 LP6I nm O[Ogq>l)[O Am 3)[U1D.r;>IDnoOou nou

'AOUOp[ orlA9V 01 3rl VODOJ?W Olg?X:i 010 ADDUlA.r;>UO JO)[1l31g0:i

[0 ·suuq>on3. sl,l)[unv oroV9U Am 9uo SU~rlrloOlD3lD)[SUl UDUI

-90)[AnoOAD AUl OX9lD 3rl SDl3SI,lOg SI,l)[lrlOAO)[IO A.r;>30oog I,lXOOOU

UOOO99[Oht\3A Dlrl ADll,l nou 'VODO.r;>W Olg?X:i 01 3rl 'og.r;>\'\'3. AUlD

«UD03A?~31,L)[UOlAnorlO)[" AUlD (0)[ uUq>on]I,L)lryOlOA\f AUlD «UDOV

-?U31,l)[UOlMOrlO)[» AUlD LP6I Ol ADDUIA.r;>UD !OAD)[103rl\f 10 'SOXD

-9W SUl OXA3V? 9)[U)[nd>Do AOl 9un uUq>on] 1,l)[IVOlDA\f AUl uV9

13D?S OA 3DllA90d> 'OAJV0038. 01 SOlAq>I)[OlO)[ 03VllX

A0l3tftlOlhf).O I)od>o'MV;>l:i 0 sq>SO)[ 'Dl0A.r;>00U Sq>V31A3

[OAp h3g VlDl09D1 nm DlOA.r;>OOU I,l)[UOlAnorloXUAD H

'«ol)g 010 uuq>on3. AUl 13tft9)[ 13X? nou orlo

-Ol;mooou AI)OOUg[:i o~ 10l3Aq>tftn '1,L)[IlDlOg\f AUlD

UlD?A031 AUl SOO? I,l)[UV08. U1D OAp3l:i 01 9U\f ..,AOOX

-.r;>rlrln:i AOOl U)[JA Ul 9UO ADlhOZpoodJ 0l0dJD90u nou og

-3u91D0lO 01 3tftnVJ?)[ .r;>1)[D DlW" :orlDOl;mooou A~OO

-ug[:i 01 DlA soA9V J?ood> Ulq>OU DlA 3ADX? nou 'SP6I 0.01 nopoow SSUD V[Dl09D1 AOlDAJo.o 0.01 soAr;>'{ sugq>

-[3rlUArl 0 0IOOlDt AUlD [3AJ3rl 13X3.;~OAD3)[OO

1)0)[UAD'(l\f 0.01 U8X9 UAD~UO AUl (0)[ 13DJ!

-ouro OA 3DUAo.r;> h3g nou 'VlOl09D1 H'.' ';

0.01 9rlDlAnOrlO)[llAO Ol)l0VV.r;>[90 .

AOlD J38UlUZOAO OA 13U?OU 08

SOODJ !,lAovm3 0JOln3V3l AUl DlA 01110

~IOW3VOU IOdXAfh 0 3NIJ3 11VIJ

'oroV9U 90xnmAOlD 3DuAI,Lgo nouADIl,l9lno

(0)[ '9rlolMorlrlo)[ AOlD 0[lhJ?h3 \fUH SIl3rl SOIADI

-308. SUI olxorlrlno U 3)[u8~vm3 .r;>)[1'(31 'UrloAf).g

1,l)[[lDryDl03url[03A 10)[ 1,l)[[rlOAO)[[O 1,l)[[AD)[103rlo

AUlD 01lA.r;>A3 0IADI308. UV.r;>A3W AUl 3rl UDOOA3..

I,l)[U3[g0:i U t,I OJAD1308. U'(.r;>A3W 1,L)[llDO>lOl)[[OUD

AUlD mlhJ?h3 \fUH su 3rl [3DI,lXOrlrlno OA UOOOA3.,

I,l)[U3[g0:i U 3DI)000url OS :AOO3rU;>Mg Aq>IOI AOOI

)[3 01)9 ~0l3rl S3JXOrlrlno s?A08m SllD hl)ooodJo

mo.r;>h3D OUloV9un 0101 01 'st,l000m3 sl,l)[uryOUOO

-3A S3Aq>Z Sl301 3D orlo9)[ Am AI)OlDOO[Orl OA ADD

-I)ooourl OS nou 'AOOX.r;>rlrlno Aq>[VOU AOOI I)orlo

-IAooAoIAD Sf).0X3Ano S9h3 ~OOUf). U ADII,l OIO.r;>A

-3D 003ll)3g 01 'Aq>AB] A('l)l'qrt('l)AH A('l)l DlDlDVU

01 ApeplKOVoi WUS nimelJ'ov! Ymlpxov 13e13Ola apKeteS na­'(KOapleS e€eM€elS nou eKa­VOV tOUS ApeplKOVOUS V' ovn­auxouv.O LtOAlV e:ixe: TI<Sn npoana8nae:l va e:m13oAe:l anOKAelOpo aw llunKo Be­poAivo. H AvmOA1Kn Eupw­nn KOl n Kiva eixov yiVe:l KOp­pouvlmlKes. 01 BopeloKope­me:s, unoamplzope:vOl ana wus Klvezous KOl wus Lo131e:nKous, e:nne8nKav ata Ape:plKavlKo mpmeupma am xe:paovnao ms Kopeas. Kl e:mnMov, auto nou wus ovnauxouae ne:plaaOte:po, ntov to ye:yovos Otl n Lo13Je:tlKn 'EvCilan e:ixe: KataaKeuoae:l mv moplKn 13op13a, xopn KOl am pUatlKJ1 unomnpl€n tCilV Ape:pl­KOVWV e:mampovCilv Julius KOl Ethel Rosenberg, nou apyote­pa e:Kte:MamKOV CilS «KmoaKonol», pOAOVOtl ouveXlaov pexpl to U~AOS v' apvOUvtOl tiS Kmnyopies e:vOVtiov tOUS. Meaa a' autO to uipa plO apeplKovlKn ennponn 'fla mv anOKOAUlJ'n tCilV «OVtlapeplKovlKWV 8paamplotntCilv» (HUAC -House of Representatives Un-American Activities), npoan68nae: va e:K81W€e:l toUS Ae:y6pe:vous «KOKKIVOUS» ano ta axoAe:io, to KoMylO, tiS 13113Al08n­Kes, ns eKK1naies OKopn Kl ana to XOAlyouVt. Aum n OVtlKOPOUV1­atlKn ume:pia e:ixe CilS anoteAe:apa va npOnnAOKlmOUv, va pnouv am «paupn Mata», KOl va xo­aouv ns 80uAeles tOUS X1A108e:s e:uunoAnmOl Ka8nymes. oplape-

VOl eK tCilV onoiCilv eeptOaov atO anpeio v' autoKtoVnaouv. H Ku13epvmlKn Ennponn, nou au­yKpon18nKe: uno tOY MaKop81, unoomplzope:vn ana tOY 81e:u8u­vtn tOu fBJ 'EvtYKap Xou13ep (Edgar J. Hoover), YVCilmo CilS «Kuvnyo tCilV KOKK1VCilV», e8e:ae: mous 8npoaious unaMnAous tCilV HnA to 8iAnppa va KOtoVOPO­aouv Kopouvlmes auva8eAepous toUS, 8lOepOpe:tlK6 8a exovov ns 80uAeles tous. O'Evt'{Kap Xou13e:p e13Ae:ne: mv KOpOUVlatlKn «pnxovoppaepia» CilS pla «e:na­vammlKn auvCilpoaia», nou 13aaize:tOl ae: aouvn8lme:s 8uv6pe:IS KOl e:lVOl «epOlVOpe:vl­KO aopam YIO ta pn-KOpOUVlOtIl<O pana, ovepno810m ana 10 xpovo, mv onootoan KOl m voplpomtO». Lto Masters of Deceit (1958) 0 XouJ3ep npoel80nOlouoe YIO mv «o6pmn» KopouvlOnKn ane:IAn, AeyoVtaS nCilS 13piaKetOl novwu omv Ape:plKn: «Lns OpyOVWO€IS, mlS yCilvies tCilV 8pOpCilV, OKopn KI e€Cil ano mv noptO oas. npoona8e:i va

ennpeooel KOJ va eMy€el ns oK€IJlelS aas». OPlapevOl Ape:PIKovof ye:pOU­mames, KUpiCilS llnpoKpatlKoi, nou aOKnOOV KpmKn mov Mo­Kop81, Kmnyopn8nKov Otl une­8oAnov tOUS KopouVlates KOl, ep0130Upe:v0l on 8e:v 80 enove­KAeyouv, eneAe:€ov m OlCilnn. LUpepCilvo pOAlmo pe tOV Apepl­KovolmoplKo ElmoRichardson

«01 Ape:P1Kovoi nim€lJ'ov toUS laxuplapous on olllnpoKpmes e:netpenov mous Kopouvlmes va ovaAap13avouv UlJ'nAes KU13e:pvnuKes 8eaels». LtlS oooyes tou 19520 unolJ'neplos tCilV Pe:nou­ptlluKavCilV 'fla mv npoe:8pia tCilV HnA, NtOuon AlZe:vXOOUe:p, eixe CilS K6Plo 8epa ms npoe:uQ­'flKils wu eKmpme:ias to tpimuxo «nOAepOS ms Kopeas - Koppouvlapos - lllOep80po» KOl p' autO to aUv8npa vixnoe: toy t.npoKpmlxo ovti­naM tou. Av KOI 0 np6e:8pos Alze:vxaoue:p 8e:v oanaZOVtOV m epAoyepn e:mSupia tOU MOKOp81 va x01peloAO to «KOPPOUV10tlXO 13113AfO», e:vtoU­tolS 8e:v oOKnae: noteKpmKil mn 8poan tou. Au­tn n mKpn KOI OKOteJVJ1 enoxil ms 06vxpovns ApeplKils nepooe mnv lotopio CilS «enoxn tou MOKap8Iapou». Ev teAe:1 0 MOKOp818e:v e8roae note mn 8npOOlOtma mv nepl130mn «Aioto» toU KOI Kamyopnoe xllu08es 8npoaious unaA-

MAOUS CilS «KOppouvlmes», xCilpis nOte OUte: evos va napo8ex8e:i 8npooiCils OU ntov xopoUVlams!

HnPArMATIKH IYNOMOIIA HTAN EKEINH TOY MAKAP9L.'f npe:pa e:ivOl YVCilmo nCilS 8e:v unnp€e Oto e:OCiltepIKO tCilV " HnA KOnOla «KoppOUVlmlKn ouvCilpooia» 'fla mv xmo­

, }uan ms 8npoKpmias KOl mv KUplapxia ms KOXKlVns Moaxas. H npaypmlKn ouvCilpoaia ntov eKe:ivn tou Ma­

Kop81. nplv ana tlS euoyes wu 1950, a' eva 8e:invo tOU pe: touS LUppaxous, 0 yepoumamns autOS ovnauxouoe Yla mv axvn KOl ovo€Jo Myou Koplepa tou. LupepCilva pe toy 1310­

ypoepo tOU «0 MOKOp61 plAouoe pe tOUS KOAeape­vous toU 'flo Myo npotou toUS e:vnpepwoel ylO to znmpa ms ov6'(Kns plas 81e:€680u. 01 KaAeapevOl tOU aKeepmxov Afyo npOtOu e:mM€ouv toy Koppou­vlapo, nou npOt08nKe ana toy Edmund Walsh, evov apetovomo ovnKopoUVlmn. "AUtO eivOl!" e:ine o MOKapSI: "H KU13epvnon e:ivOl yepom KOpOUV1­otes. npenel va wus oqlUpoKomlaoupe"». Movov OtOV 0 MOKOpEb exove to A680s va Kamyopn­oel toy ApeplKOVlKo Ltprn:o on «une8aAne KOpOUVl­mes», povo tOte: n AalKil unoamplEn nou e:ixe e€mpi­amKe KOI n repouaio 6pno€e mv €UKOlpio va toy KO­tOlJ'nepioe:l. 'Olov n€8ave, tpia xpoVla apyotepa, evas veopos yepoumaoms, cine: OU K1 exeivos Sa e:ixe: Ka­tOlJ'ncpiae:1 toy MOKOp81 ov 8e:v ntov «oppCilatOs» exe:ivn m pepa. To ovopa toU rnov Tzov <p. Keve:vu.

lIJYXPOI nOAEMOI: MIA IYNOMOIIA TON ITPATIOTIKON BIOMHXANION TON HnA;

oos opOOS n Kuj3epvnon tOOV HnA KatO<p€P€ va - n€iO€l Kill va €eavayxOO€l evav P€yOAO Aao, tOY

, CJj.l€P1XavlXO, nov cpnpizoVtav YJa rlS anopovoo­tlOtJKes Kill <plAElpnvlKes tOU tOO€IS, va oopS€i

0' €:vav lVuxpo nOA€pO, P€ t€POOtlO OJKOVOpJl<o, atpa­tlOOtlKO K01 nOAltlKO KOatOS; MOAls tE/..EiOOO€ 0 illpatn­pos B' nayxOoplOS nOA€pOS 01 HnA, oos evas ano tOUS P€yOAOUS VlKntes tOU noMpou, enp€n€ v' anO<paoioouv av 8a €nemp€<pav mov natponapoomo anopovootlOPo tOUS n av Sa avaMpj3avav evav «na­yK6oplO pOAO». Os yvOOOtOV, P€ npo­<paon mv avtlp€toomon ms «KOpj.lOU­vlomms an€JAns», OJ HnA OIOA€eav to O€Ut€PO K01 n Kuj3epvnon TpoulJav avtlKmeOmO€ omv XUpIOA€oa EV j.lia VUKtI mv uaOlKn op€PIKavIKiJ onpo-Kpmia p' eva Kprnos £SvIKns Ao<pO-A€JaS, nou €e€AlXmK€ am ouvex€Ja am onp€pJVf1 «nayxoopJa Ap€P1Kavl­Kn AutOKpmopia». Iup<poova j.lOAlOla j.l€ tOY YVOOOlO Ap€­P1KavO ouyypa<pea fKOp BMOA: «ItO ovopa ms Mtpooons tou K6opOU ano toy KOppOUVlOPO 01 nyEt€S tOOV HnA onploupynoav eva Kprnos £Svnms Ao<poA€laS, nou ava­p€lx8nK€ O€ navoo ano 100 KPU<pOUS K01 cpav€POUS noMpous...». fla to oKono autO onploupyn8nK€ to NATO, n navioxupn NSA (Ynnp€oia £SvlKns AO<pOA€lOS) Kill o68nKav t€pootla KovMAla K01 un€p€eouoi€s Oln CIA, npOKelj.levou va 01€€6y€1 OO€S avop86­6oe€s WlX€lpnO€IS K01 n€lpOpata Xp€laZOtav Kill pOAJota O€ j30­pOS tOOV i0100V tOOV Ap€P1KavooV, 01 onoiOl €ixav unoat€i pIa tetOJa «nMon €yK€<pOAOU» ooOt€, Oto OKouopa K01 j.lovov ms M€ns «KOj.l­j.lOUV10j.lOS», avllOpouoav avtavauaOtlKO onoos ta OKUA10 tOU naj3A6<p! Auto ntav OX€tlKO ruKoAO va yiv€1 O€ «pIa KOlvoovia uno­KOUOOV €pymoov, EVSOU01OOOooV KatavaAootoov K01 n€ISiJvlOOV Olpa­tlOOtoov» (fKOp B1VtOA). I € pIa KOlvoovla onou 0 peoos no-Alms a<plepOOV€ Ka8np€plVO POAIS oeKa A€mO Yla «va 0Iaj300€I, va aKOUO€1 K01 va €mX€lpnpmoAoynO€1 OXEll-KO j.lE ootO nou ooj.lj3aivouv OlOV K6op0, e€oo ano m xoo­pa tou...» (Nmv l\lO€OOV). To Kprnos £SvlKiJS Ao<poA€laS tOOV HnA ano<poOlO€ AOl­nov mv naprnaon tOU noMpou Kill npoooSno€ mv 10ea tOU lVuxpou nOAepOU o01povonOJoovtas toUS IOj3I€llKOUS. ,;[pXOVt01 01 ProoOl!», qxi>vozav an€JAntlKO 01 Ap€P1Kavoi nOAJtlKoi, anoOloonooVtas to y€yovos Otl n £IIll OEV EiX€ npoAoj3el va POZtlp€l ta €pEima ano liS €P€Jnoopev€S nOA€IS ms K01 va 8Cnp€1 ta 30 €KOlOPPUPlO toov V€KProV ms. 01 oxeOEIS tOOV Mo xoopoov 1puxp68nKav payoaia. KJ OJ.lOOS 01 nOA€pIKeS j310pn­XaviES tOOV HnA, nou €ixav tpOpOKpa­med p€ mv 10€a on 0 nOAej.lOS teAe:iro-O€, etPlj3av ta xepla lOUS y€prn€S IKa­vonoinon... K01 €a<pVlKo 01 Ap€plXavoi OpXIOav va nmpoovouv oAoeva Kill n€­P1000t€pous <p6pOUS. Ta xpnj.lata au­to nny01vav 010 OlpatJOOuK6-j310pnxa­

n VlKO oUj.lnAe:ypa ms xoopas, to onoio xata­ox€uaz€ X01 ouvmpouo€ m <pOV1Kot€pn OlpatlOOUXiJ pnxavn nou yvooPIO€ nme n av­Spoonomta. MIa nOA€plKn j.lnxavn nou €ix€ oos O1XJ.ln lOU OOPOlOS ms ota nupnvIKo onAa KOl tOUS ~aAAJOtlKOUS nupaUAouS.

H«IIOPPOmA TOY TPOMOY» KAI 0 nYPHNIKOI nOAEMOI nov AE,N EriNE nOTE

lav to 1949 n Ioj3l€tlxiJ'Evooon ane­Ktno€ mv nprom ms at0pIKn j3oj.lj3a

I n avunapoS€on j.l€ tIS HnA nepao€ l' 'K01 010 n€oio tOOV nupnVlKOOV onAOOV,

lOnOS€toovtaS navoo ana mv avSpoonotnta m OopOU€lO onoSn EVOS EVO€XOPEVOU nupnVl­KOU oMSpou. l<J opoos 0 autos nupnVIKOS no­A€pOS, nou 01 navt€s etp€j.lav, OEV f:yJV€ nme. H €nionpn €€iJynon EiVill Otl OEV npaypatOnOln­SnK€ nupnV1KOS nOA€pOS P€ta€u HnA KOI £IIll OIOU <pafv€t01 mus A€JtOUPynO€ n€ruxn­peva n «loopponia tou tpOpou» KOl €IOIXOt€pa to ooypa ms opOJj3aias nupnVlKns anmponiJs

(Nuclear Deterrence), nou aopavonolOUO€ tOUS Mo aVtJnOAOUS. To 66ypa autO nepao€ ano OIO<poP€S <POO€IS. Imv apxiJ (1950­1962), nou OJ HnA €ixav aKopn eva P€yOAO npoj3001opa omv nu­pnvlKn t€XVOAoyia K01 10 eoa<pos tOUS S€OOPOUVtav «rnPOOto» ano ta npootoyova j3aAA10llxo nupnvlxo onAa tOOV IOj3I€UKooV, €<pop­pozav to ooypa tOOV MaZll(OOV Avtlnoivoov (Massive Retaliation), oUpcpoova P€ to onoio n OUOOlYKlOV an€JAouo€ j.l€ j.laZIKo nupnVlKo avtinOJva m Mooxa O€ n€pimooon nou ta OOj3I€­tlK6 OlpatrupOla, nou un€pt€pouoav O€ apl8po Kill €eOnAlopo Oln ynP010 nn€lpO, n€pvouoav tlS OIOXooplOllxes YPopj.les omv £upoo­nn K01 npoooSOUvtav npos tOY AtAaVtIKO. To ooypa autO e:yxata­Ae:i<p8nK€ OtlS apxes ms Oe:Ka€t1aS tou 1960 otav n payoaia €eMl­

en tOOV OOj3IEtJKooV ICBMs (Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles), KOAU1p€ to «nupauAlxo xo­opa"~ j.l€ lIS HnA, nou ntav nMov evas ruKoAoS OlOXOS YJa to OOj3I€tlKO nupnvlKo ooOlnpOla. To y€yovos OU KOI 01 Mo avtinaA€S un€pouv6­pelS KOt€ixav nMov IOxup6 nupnvlKo oootn­j.lOla, n xpnolponoinon tOOV onoioov €eao<pOAJ­Z€ mv apOJj3aia touS KOlaOlpo<pn, oonyno€ otnv ulOSemon tOU OOYPOlOS ms Apol~aias

E~aa<pa.\laJ.l€vns Kataatpo<pns (Mutual Assured Destruction), yvc.>ato pe: ta apXJ­XO MAD (<<tpe:A6s»). To 60ypa MAD, nou KpOmO€OUOlaotJKoanolO 1962c.>S1O 1967 (av Kill OUV€XIO€ va piXV€l m «OKlO» tOU pe­Xpl to teAOS tOU lVuxpou nOAepOU), J3aoizo­Vtav otnv npotin68€on Oll K01 01 Mo avtina­Ae:S une:pouvOpe:1S dxav mv IKavomto avta­nOOOtJKoU nupnvlKOU nAnypOlos (Second Strike Capability) O€ ne:pimooon nou oexo­Vtav nprot€s nupnvlxn wi8€on. Auto €mruy­xavOVtav n.x. j.le: to va ne:pmoAoUv ouv€XooS to nupnvIK6 tOUS unoj3puxlO EV KOlaMo€l

lO'(l1Odry.Ll !OXlAUdrlLl 10 Old~x J?)HlOl,(Old3L1lh

011» :0861 Ol !31ebodA 3xl3 SUDooA3-Sl,l)1ll31801

SUI sOlDrtrt9){ ry.OXllDlAflOrtrtO){ flOl J?xllxodu

II 010 SUDlU3 '«AtysoAo lOX Aoortlcbodl l,lAooA

-OdOLl AUlD 3rtflODJ?d3Ll3~ AOl OA» J?'('(O '«S38

-rt99 art Orto9X 9X[lmYOHUOX AOl artnoolfAdm -O>l OA UD3S9dLl AUI 3rtflOX~ A3g» SOOU l3Dty'(

-ug 3Xl3 ebty01flOdX Oll,l>lIN su~Au S9>l1l31801

° LS6 1 01 .0f'(Llod3Ufl l,lxll08rtflD UlD

sodJ?8 01 3Doog~ OAf'(rt3d){ Ol [o>l 91110

,IJ 'S9xlebodlDOlDX 0!08EOrtO ADll,l

oS pOlA «solu9AOlg O» AOll,l V113

[o>l VUH ry.30l3rt sorl3'(9u S9>llAudflU SDIU19ADX! I,L suOnOdX!lAV surt

SO~ SooLl wiloLlJ? AUI 3DUdl,l10lg J?,(,(o -DA9V SUI ortA99 01 3>lUSl,l13SO[fl

'0l0rtA99 J?xlAulDdlD OXEOlDJIAD 3rt l013, 'sl,l>llAUlDdlD SI,L>lIAUdflU Sl,l>l

3DWAJ?LlD A3g OAI'(rt3d){ Ol DrtUlDJ?lg -1l3S1L13 01Ll SOlrt A[dI;lX sodu 'QVVII

01 91flO 0'(9 SooLl 13X~ Aod~ebmgA3 sOlDrtA99 flOl umI3'(1;>l0>lA3 AUI

jSUl Oill,l AUll3sx3gouo 1O>l VUH Aool Sl,lUOdlOUO sl,l>lIAud

OA '13~1 A3 '[o>l SUl S3JjOg0'(Ieb S~XlA -flU sOlDrtA.99 flOll,l'(08Dl3rt UD3rt9

-UdflLl Sll l3DldO[d3Ll OA 'UUtydfl3 AUl AUlD 3DUAl,lgo 'Ad3lD~floA Aty[h[Dl

9UO Sry.O>l3AU'(38 flOD3rtJ?[gA3 SflO'( 9EOUOSU Autydu 'AO>lAl~d lA'(OA

-ry.odflU SflOl [3dry.oouo OA 3>lUlDJ?xA -9d I,LIOlAflOrtOXIlAD 9 1s 0 8 lOX 9>l

-DAD 'W [o>l 111VS) 9rlol'(uooo 9XlAUdflU AOl OlA Sl3Dry.3lDrtAodu -mdulAllD03A AOI 9UO SOJdg30du

-mg 3D 3>ll,lUrt 1O>l AtyAD)lId3rtV Aool «oeb9'(urt» AUlD 3D3U~ OXD Sl,l>llAO>lld3rto SUI umu,(J?AD H

-9VII U SIOlry.OlA3 -S3Afl3d~ S~>lU3XD SilO AD>lUlry.3g03 flOU OldJ?'(og 'QVVII SOlortA.99 flOl

Oldry.rtrtOlO>l30lg 01 J?dou-~lOU3>lUSl,lIOUO'(flA3g 91110 ortrlodA9du ry.XDI AUI '9rts09 D~ soo '313S9Uoodu 911lD 0rtA.99 Ol soort9 OJDflO

0l1O>l AV 'OIAooA WD UDooA3-l,l>lU3[801 'l,ldSOD J?>llrtOAO>IIO 1O>l u~rt

-oolOxdouo J?xlAo'(OAX31 'AUI 33<'>rtldlD ADXAl9d °'0'(U9 J?XIl3S1L13

AU11 'OlAJ?U 01 ADeb3dlD~lD>l OS flOU '0,(U9 J?>lIAUdflU 9>llAUlDdlD

01 9dox ortWt;lADS 010 ADA[OUrl9 OS 'Sl,lebOdlDUI3 OprtUD AO~'(U 3X

3D lX9 lOX J?>lIlAflrlo 3D oA3rt9zw08 0rtA.99 9>lIlU3dlOUO 9>lIAulDdlD -dl,LUfl A3g AD19 'AOA9rt O[gJ?lD 9)11'(31 OlD [o>l S0l3'G8[b Sl,ld>llrt ADll,I

o~ J?doeb ultydu OlA SOlAOAty['(3rt38 'OrtUIDJ?lg OlD [o>l urt9>l0 SOJA flOU '(SUDflOd>lAry.D SUI SUDuIOUOUO>llAUdflU OprtUD) O'(UO, J?)l[A

-0'(OAX31 slJ,(umfl Aoo,(u9 Aoo~A 1O>l AooIJ?rtUlDl1O Aty>lIlAflrlo UDOlD -UdflU 9>l1l>lD1 'UDoo>l9rtl'(X 3xdl,lun AD '0l3X?AIlD UID '0'(u9 J;>>l[l08

-J?lDX,\a AUI 3rt SOglUDO Sl,l>lI'(llDdflUllAD sUluSd9UO smrt 0IAdflO[rt -rtllD OA9rt ADDry.O[ouortwudx oSl,lxdo AUl1 ·uoflod>lAry.o uA3rt9x3g

-ug U ADll,l flOl SOX911'«AOOdlOV-A<1)1 sorl3Y9U» SOO 91DooM Od31ry.d -A3 Olrt 3D l,lA0'(IU3 ultydu U ADll,l A3g 0'(Ll9 J?>lIAUdflUt;l>lIAUlDdw 01

-fl3 3Al~ J?,(,(O <tOS-iMllDIHUI a:>uafao :>16a.D.l.S) SDAnrtV, SI,LX 0loUO 01 3rt OAooebrtry.o '(asuodsaa a[qpcal.:lJ SUD099LID1AV SI,I100X

-IAulDdll D!ynogoloodU ADIAOZJ?rtOAO 911lD Olg~xD 01 '«SO!dOlD[ -Drily){ 1,1 suordx9LIV SUlOlA9ynJ SUI OAp>l3 ADll,I 0861°1 soo L961 smrlo9xAou SUl flod Ol 3ZD,(,(J? oS flOU» 0rtA.99 9>lIA 01 9uo OgOJd3U AUI J?lD>l VUH Sll 9UO Oltydu

-UdflU(IlAD) o~ l>l ortrlodA9du o~ 90'( 9>l[AD>lld3rlo

AOlD 3DooA!0XOAD l>l od9u OIU ortl,l8 o~ 13DI,Ldooxodu

OA 3D[DJ?d>0UO ADxAl~d ° 8861 flOl floJIdoVII 8Z sll1

, .'~ j

.... -......;

.~.• r', ,

'r. ~

. .... 3>lUSl,l13S0lfl flOU 0rtA.99 9>lIAUdnu oA3rt9u3 01

'Sl,lebOdWDlO>l

Sl,l>llloodu'(>lo'(o SUI so'(px 010 3rtODJ?Seb s?d

'OrtOlAry.o 3>lUSebp'(0l0>l,\a -oeb S3D9u 3rtflOd?3 A3g Od3rtl,lD 1O>l urt9>lV' «9rt

l>l 911lD ,IAl,l>lIAulDdlD UAflgA!>lOmld lOX 1,L>l1l3S1L13 OlS -d3AoAIlD o~rlo0SAD'(» AD~ 9UO sty'(uo l3S'(~

-f'(u mrt ADll,l 0'(081ebrloAV 'SflOl Oill,l AUI Ary.0SX3g0UO OA 3Dry.odourt oe norlo9){ flOl SO'(?l. Ol AOD9eb3

OA odJ;> 'StyXdOU3 AflODl,llADUOlAD OA UD~S 3D lOA 'UOOlDJ?lD>l l,l>lllXOrtodl Olrt mA OH3>l9dLl3 'OA

-p AUrt OA !0l1lD 31Dty lO1~ '('O'>l Sl3DJ?8 S~)lUoollDdlD -IOLlJIAD t;l>llzOrt 010 3Dry.oAugo OS flOLl OrtA.J?dLl

'9'(10 m3A9Ufl) Aty>l1l3l801 Aool «SflOX91D sry.odu'(>lD» 'J3Sfl3301>l3 ADxl3 EO'(flOdry.Ll 10>lIAUdflLl 10)1

SflOlD OrtUUry.l>l 9>lllDldoSo>l AflOd~eb1Ll3OA [o>l Oltydu -ldSX3 119 0lmoLlfl WLlO U ADll,l 'sort SflOgp flOl

Ary.0Sfl3301>l3 OA 3U3du9 OS (Og3U!U3 Dlfl3,(l,lZOI30 uml3'(J?33l,l>llloodu'(X0'(0 AU19uO SooD! (0)1 Aoo3'(

3D l3DJ?Seb ugl,l 3X!3 XVII .ladaa~a:>oad Aool SUDfl3X -9Ll OUIpd3 J?Ad3A31god 1O>l OlorttylLl o~rtoo>l

-910 0l38!d>l0 U) sOP81d>l0 OlOrt -odSADUO mdry.rtrtOlO>l3 S3gJ?lAOlD>l3 9UO OlUl

-l,llDllD J?>lIAUdflU J?>llAD>lld3rlo 01 -9UoodSAD AU13Zldtyx flOU OA9rt 01

'911lD 0rtA.99 01 3rt OAOOebrtry.o '3191 mA9,( O,(,(J;> 3VII 'flo'(I;lUllAD flOl Sl3'(

sort3'(9U S9)l[AUdflU 3Dry.OUD33 AJ?3 -9U S3d319>lIlADrtUD Sll AflO~dlD

:flOrt~'(OU ry.o>l[AudflU SUDfl'(9U033 -0l0>l OA 'SflOl 9'(ID OlD ADd3eb~13rt

l,l)[IAUlDdlD Olrt 0IDflO AUlD 3Dry.O'( flOU '(sa[ISs~VII :>~S~[[08. palpUllDl

-31OUO flOU '«0rtA.99» o~ mA OH3>l aU~.lDlllqns-sVlI8.1S) sflo'(ry.odflU

-9du3 '(8861-0860 mA9dx 0ldl SrY.O>l1l0l'('(09 Z1 SflOl 3rt ADDry.od

sl,(9rt 3D3>ldl,llg flOU '(AHl!qDdD::> -ourt OS 'ADAOOJ91L13 OA ory.g-o~ l>l

a>fl.l.S .S.l!.:l) SOlDrtAI,LYU flOl~dU urt9>l0 3lDty IDl? 'S(10AD3>loo SflOW

dvOJ q>Oj3EpO nUpnVll(O anAa. LIO xepla OPUlS IUlV OOOJaAJOUKooV Kpa­IooV eivOJ aoniOEs EJpnvns». Be~OJa

KOJ OJ IO~lElJKOi npoEIOlpOZOVlOV VIa nupnvlKo nOAEpo KOlaoKEuozo­VlOS E€EAIVPtvOUS ~aA1louKoUS nu­paul-OUS KOJ 1.500 unEp8UlpaKJOl.le­

va KOlo<pUvJa VJa mv npoolOoia ms IO~IEuKns ddt. lJ.ev eixov 0IlUlS nme KonOlo oxeolo e€anoAuons EVOS «VJ­Knq>opou nupnvlKou noMllou», onUls dxe n OUOOJVKlOV en] npoe­opias IOU PovaAvl peJVKov.

TO nYPAYl\lKO XAIMA KAI 0 Cl>OBOI TOY «KOKKINOY Cl>ErrAPIOY»

... E" va npCrvlla nou °VXUlVE 1010itepa taUS . i '. AllepJKOVOUS OlO reAn inS OeKaerias IOU

i 1950 nlov n eKnAnKuKn npoooos rUlV Io­. '. . ~IEllKooV omv nupauAIKn texvoAovia KOJ a~~v KOtOKmon IOU 0100U11lOtOS. Ius 4 OKlU>­j3piou IOU 1957, Ile mv eKt6€euon IOU OOj3IEll­KaU oopuq>opou InOUtVIK, n Mooxa j3pe6nKe ovanavtexa omv npUllOnopia ms KOlOKlnOnS IOU olOmnpOtoS, KavOVlOS IOU q>O~IKOUS AllepJKOVOuS va PIAOUV VIa «nupauAIKo xOOJ.la» (missile gap}. Ius 12 AnpJMou IOU 1961 0 Poooos lOVIlOtOpXns fJOupJ fKaVKoplv, pe IO olaomponAoJO Vostok (AvOtoM), vivelO1 0 npoolOs av6pUlnos nou ~vaiVEJ 010 010­ampa KOJ KaveJ pIa nAnpn neplq>opo VUPUl ana m fn. 0 fKayKO­pJV dv01 0 npoolOs npUlas ms enonOlias IOU OlamnpOlOS KOJ 10 ovopa rou Vivet01 6pUAOS. Ins HnA OPUlS n peyoAn enlluxia IOU fKayKopJV oq>noe ouvOJ06npOta mKpias K01 anovoIneuons, onUlS q>aivelO1 KJ ana to MVla evas ApeplKOVOU vepoualOOlIl: (,OAOJ 6u­1l0UVI01 lOY j\ivpnepVK, aA10 nOlOS 6UIlCl101 lOY oeUtepo av6p(})no nou nba€e navUl ano lOY ArAovuKo OKeovo;». flo va KaM1jJouv mv Ka6u­Olepnan omv e€epeuvnon IOU 6IaCHllpOtOS, Ol Allepl­Kovoi pixmKov 0' EVOV no­Au86navo ayoova 6pOllOU (KoanoE navUl ono 100 oJm­KOlOPIlUpJa 60Aopla ms Oe­Koedas IOU 1960) VIa mv Ka­10Kman ms [eAnvns, nou nupoooln8nKe KJ ono In 00­q>n evlOM nou e6Uloe 10 1961 o npoe6pos Tz. <p. Ktvevn: «To MOS pas npEneJ va auoneJpUl8ei amy eniteu€n aurou rou OKonoU. npJV leAeloooel auln n oEKaetia 0 6v8p(})nos ea npooeoaqllO{ei 010 q>€vyOPI KCI eo emmp€1jJEJ ao<paMs am fn ...» H 16Ea KOl pOVO on ilIa Ilepa 8a €U­nvouae uno m OKlO evos «KOpOUVlon­KOU q>eyyapJou», novJKo~aAe 10 IlEOO

AIl€PJKOVO KOJ VJ' aUIO 10 oxeOJO ms KatoKmons ms [eAilvns eixe peyoAn unoolnpl€n ana mv KOJVn yvoolln lUlV HnA. TUIKO 0 nOAun08mos 010­xos enlleux8nKe, xopn omv enlluxia IOU npoVPolllla­lOS AnoA1Ulv, K01 n apepJKOVJKn onpaia lon08eln8nKe am oeAnvJaKn 8oAaooa ms faAilvns ous 20 10uAiou IOU 1969. fla IOUS AllepJKOVOuS fnov navUl an' 01.0 ilIa enioel€n Mvapns K01 VOInpou, ovamepUloE mv aulO­nenoi8nan lOUS. KovOVJKO OJ [oj3JenKoi 80 enpene va anavtnoouv omv npoK,\non ms apeplKOVJKnS KatOKmOns ms [eAilvns Il' tva OKopn lleyaMtepo eyxeipnpa: pe mv KatOKmon IOU «KOKKIVOU nAavnm», IOU Apn. 'OIlUlS OJ [o~lenKoi oev

eixov 10USovayKaious OJKOVOIlJKOUS nopous aA10 oUle K01 m oJ08e­an VJa va KOtaKmoouv pe 8eapanKo tpono lOY Apn. n' autO KOl enE­Ae€ov mo pWAlOnKo K01 OJKOVOplKO j3nllOta npos mv KOteu8uvon ms e€epwvnons IOU 6lOmnpatOs. MIa auvenns OJaOmplKn nOAIlIKJ1 nou OKoAou8eh01 Kl ano m anpepIVn PUloia.

eEPMA EnEIIOdlA KAI TO «MAKIABEAIKO XEPI» TOY KPEMI\INOY

pEne! va anpelUl8ei nUlS 0 '!Juxpos nOAelloS 0947-1991} 6ev • nlov navlOle 1jJUXpos. 8eppo eneJoooJa K01 o€uptves ovnna­

. . pa8eaels eq>epov opJOJ.Itves <pOpES llS Mo ovrinaAes unep6u­. v6pelsmo xdAos ms nOAepJKns avtmapo8wns. To 1960 tva

apepIKovIKO KataOKoneullKo aepooKo<pOS lunou U-2 KOtappi<p8nKe n6vUl anolO aoj3lelll<O evaepJo xoopo. To 1961 0 NIKnlO Xpoulaooq> anaimae lO apeplKovlKO mpOteupOta va anoaup80uv ana 10 lJ.un­KO BepoAivo K01 KatOmv n OVatoAJKoVepllovJKn KU~Epvnan EKuae IO Tdxos tOU BepoAivou, nou epeJve amy lmopia UlS «Teixos IOU Ai­oxouS». To 1963 pIa aKopn Kpian e€eAix8nKe amy Kouj3a IlE acpop­Iln mv eyKmomaon ooj3JenKooV nupaUAUlv 0' aulO 10 vnoi ms Ka­

palj3Jl<ns nou anexeJ 1l0AIS 240 XAIl. ana us al<lES ms <pMpJvtO. H Kpion aulll E<jlEpe mv OuOOJVKIOV 1<01 m Me­axa ae IpOXJO nupnVJKOU nOAepou, 01.­,1,0 eKlOvoo8nKe mv reAetJmja OtlYJ.IJ1 Ile mv anooupon lroV 00j31€llKooV nupaU­AUlV K01 mv un60xwn lUlV HnA on Oev 80 overpene 10 q>JAoooj3JEllKO Ka8e­moos IOU <PIVlEA Kompo (IlJa un60xE­an nou <paivEI01 on EXEI KpatnOEI UlS llS IlEpES Ilas).

n

Kata m OlapKEia lOU noMpou IOU BJEIVap (1962-1975) 01 LO~JEllKOi

Evioxuov WUS KOKK1VOUS BJEIKOV­yK, EVW Kata m OJOpKEla ms 00­

~lEllKns E10~OAnS KaJ KatOXns IOU A<pYOVIOlCrv 0979-1988) 01 ApEpJ­Kavoi Evioxuav KaJ unoolnplzov wus MOUlZOXEVtlV. nap' oAa aUla OEV ApEplKavoi KaJ LO~IElIKOi

OlpallwlEs OEV ~pE:SnKOV nOIE va nOAEpouV ovolKla °evas 10V 0""0. LE OM m olapKEla lOU \lJuxpou no-Mpou OJ APEpiKovoi OVaAUlE:S E:~AEnOV va anAwvElaJ novwu w «paKm~clIIKo XE:PI» IOU KpEpAivou KaJ P1AOUOOV ym «KOKKlVO IpnEpmA10lJ0» AES KaJ W KaSnKov ms KO­POuvlollKns Mooxas nlOV n EOa<pIKn ms EnE:KIOOn KaJ OXI n IOEOAoY1Kn. 01 YEwno­AllIKOi ms l':.uons unoolIlplzav nws 10 «MEyaAo naJxviol» IOU 190u aJwva, On­AaOn ° OVlOyWVIOpos inS nnElpwlIKns «pwOlKns apKouoas» nou EmSupouoE va KatE:ASEI ails SEppeS SaAaooEs pE m vau­lIKn KaJ SaAaooOKpalEJpa BpElOvia, ova~iwoE pE In pop<pn IOU Wuxpou noM­pOU ovop€Oa ails Mo unEpOuvOpE1S, IlS HnA KaJ In LO~lEllKn'Evwon. To nEpi<pn­pO «MEyaAo naJxviOI» lOU 190u aJwva, onAa6il n YEwnoAmKn ovllnaMmlO ms xEpoaias Pwoias pE m vau­llKn BpElovia E:6wOE m Sean ms OE pIa IOEoAoY1Kn ovllnapoS€On PEIO~U ms KOppouvlOllKns LO~JEllKnS'Evwons KaJ ms KannaAloll­Kns ApEplKns.'Hlov pm vE:a aOuownnm poxn ym mv Kuplapxia IOU KOOlJOU. Movo nou aUln n «poxn» nlov KataoKEUaOlJevn ana 010­<popa Kevlpa IWV HnA pE OKono OXl anAo va ovaoxE:OOUV mv «KOP­POuvlOllKn anE1AA», a""opE npooxnpa mv ovoox€On ms, va EnE­1<ldvouv mv ApEpl1<OV1Kn AUIOKpatopia OE oAa 10 jJnKn 1<aJ 10 nAo­m lOU nAovnm pas.

lIIYXPOI nOI\EMOI: MIA IYNOMOIIA TOY AMEPIKANIKOY NOTOY;'I npEpa dVaJ nMov YVWOlO nws 01 LO~IElIKOi «nnnSn­,,', Kav» OlOV 1:liuxpo nOAEpO, OnAa6il a' evov nOAepo nou

" ,OEV E:YlVE nOlE:. nOJOS opws pnopEi va KPU~OIOV niow ana mv onplOupyia IOU

KaJ mv 1jJuxwon «\lJuxpou no­Mpou»; Av unopXEl OVIWS KO­nolOS unEUSuvoS aUlOS So npE:nEJ va avaznmSEi OIOV ApEplKavlKo NOlO! o ajJEpIKaVI1<OS NOIOS nlOV nCrvIO mo 1jJUXpOnOAEpIKOS KaJ «OVllKOPOUV10IlKOS». YnopxEl pJa npo<povns E~nynon Yl' au­10: LW NOlO ~piOKOVIOV n pE­yOAn nAE101jJn<pia IWV OIJEplKa­V1KWV OlpallwllKwv ~OOEWV

KaJ IOU npoowmKou (a""o KaJ IWV apuvllKwV ~lopnxovlwv), nou uno­olnplzav E:VSEppa m OUppEloxn OIOV nOAEpo lOU BIElVOp KaJ IOV \lJu­xpo nOAEpO YEV1KoIEpa. EIOIKO ° nOAEpos 010 BIEIVOP (1962-1975) o6ilynoE a' eva oxiopa Boppo-No­lOU omv apEplKovlKn EeWIEplKn no­AmKn, pE wv npooOEulIKO Boppo va unoompizEl 10 ovllnoAEplKO Kivnpa KaJ mv anayKiOlpwon ana 10 B1EI­vop KOIIO auvmpmlKo Now va uno­

ompizEl E:VSEppa IlS OlpallWllKE:S EnEp~00E1S KOI mv ovooxean ms «KOPPOuvlollKns anE1Ans». A1<opn KOI onpe:pa ails HnA 01 ~OPElES nOAnEiEs ms xwpas n.x. n Nea YopKn, ovmiSElOl ails OlpatlWllKE:S EnEp­~OOEIS 010 IpoK KaJ a""ou, EVW 01 VOilES nOAnEiEs, anOllS onoiES np0E:pXElOl KOI n «l':.uvaOlEia Mnous», unoompiZEl Enipova liS OlPOllWllKE:S EnEp~00E1S,

EnEJOn n olKovopia IWV nOAHE1WV aUIWV W<pEAEilaJ ano 10 U1jJnAO eninEOa OIJUVllKWV Oanovwv nou ~EKi­vnoov ana mv Enoxn IOU \lJuxpou noMpou. TEAIKO unnpxE n nEpl~onm «oo~IEllKn anE1An» n Tllav pIa apEplKaVIKn KOla01<EUn; Tnv anovmon iows va m OiVEl n 100via 0 Kaeo<5nynfJ1S (The Good Shepherd, 2007), nou OUOlaOllKO a<pnyEiIOl mv 10W­

pia ms ClA ana mv iOpuon ms PE:XPI mv Kpion inS Kou~os (1962): «To OO~IEllKO ouompa EivOI oomo

KaJ pnopEi va KOlOPPEUOEl ova noaa ollypn, ov 10 SEAnoEIE. l':.EV unopxEl 00J31EllKn onE1An! Tnv E:XEIE KOlOOKEUOOEl €Ods yla va nouAolE 10 onAa oos KaJ InV Kuplapxio oas OIOV KOOpO...» Mn­nws IEA1KO KaJ n onpEplvn 1<atOOKEun ms IPOPOUOlEpios EK PE:­pOUS IWV HnA EivaJ anAws n OUVeXEla IOU iOlou pnxovJOIJou «KO­100KEuns anE1Awv», nou EyKaJvloomKE pE mv KOlooKEun IOU Wu­xpou noMpou; S

KUKAO<pOpe:i ouvt0J.la ano tiS eKOO­oels 'AyvWOlO to VEO f31f3Aio tou fJwp­you EtaJ.lKotJ (stamkos@post.com) J.Ie dtAO Xuv6Jpomes & ee6Jpies Xu­v6Jpomos, nOtJ KOtOOUetOI OlO OKO· telVo Aaf3uplvSo t6JV npaYJ.latlKWv auVWjJOOlWV, tWv nopoOl<nviwv, aA­Aa Kal tWV eewplwv nepi OtJVWJ.l0­alas nOtJ ennpe:ooav mv naY1<oOlJla lotopio KOI Otoixelwoov to <paVtO­0I0KO tWV avSpwnwv.

.I

~..Mnov opo «emo nupYOl lOU 6Ja~OAOU» un06nAWVOVlaJ napa60OJaKo (am Aeyopevn «MUOllKn nap060on») m

; I eniyela KEVlpa npO~OAns IWV «omaVlKWV» emppowvI. OlOV nAavnm. I cl\a8ws OJ oxeUKEs nAnpo<popies npOEpXOVIGl Kupiws ana apKelO

oyvwoles KaJ pUOUKES napa600els ms MEans AvmoMs, pnopoupe ~oOJpa va un08Eooupe ou unopxouv neplO­

oOlepes anous IpelS eK60xEs nou e:iVaJ yvwOles oJ1pe­pa am Mon. XpOVoAOyIKO, n npwm yvwOln ava<po­po yivelaJ mo ~l~Aio lOU Wi]jiam Buehler Seabrook 0884-1945) Adventures in Arabia: among the Bedouins, Druses, Whirling Dervishes and Yezidee Devil Worshipers (flepmtreles amv Apaj3ia: av6pe­

aa araus Bd5aufvous, araus lJporJzous, araus flepl­

arpe<p6pevous lJepj3fon6es KaJ oraus DezIVrf i1arpels rau lJlaj36Aou). 0 Seabrook. rHav anoKpu<plOlns, e€epeu­

vnu1s KaJ 6npoOJoypo<pos, na8JaOj.levos peAemlns lOU aOlavlOj.lOU KaJ lOU j30UVlOU (aUlas eKave yvwmn m

MEn z6pmL 0 onoios ma ~1~Aia lOU KOleypG1jJe us avoKaAU1jJels KaJ us E:]Jnelples lOU ana 10 me6la lOU amv Apaj3ia, Olnv Alln KGl ous zouyKAes ms A<pP1Kns. LlO Adventures in Arabia, nou eK66­8nKe 1O 1927 ava<pEpelaJ mous «emo nupyous»: «AnAwpevn ana m pla peplo ms Aoios omv OA-

An, ana m Bopela MavlOoupia, pEOW lOU elj3tl, 6UllKO peow ms rlepoios, KGl KamAnyovlOs OlO

Koup6lOlOv, unnpxe plO oAuai6a emo nupywv oe anopovwpeves j3ouvoKop<pes, KGl oe Ka8Evav ana eKe:i­

vous lOUS nupyous Ka80lav auvexws Evas lepeos lOU LalO­va, 0 onoios, eKnepnovras onoKpu<pes 60vnoels, eAeyxe

1O nenpwpeva lOU KOOPOU YlO lO KaKoo ..» H ava<popo outn 8a Ipaj3nEel mv npoooxn lOU PEVe fKe­vov, 0 onoios 8a yp01jJel plO ~l~AJOKpmKn oe yvwmo eowleplouKo nepl06lKO ms enoxns, EOUOZOVlOS OlO zn­mpa IWV «emo nupywv». 0 fKevov, nou peAelOuoe K08e

znmpa nou OXetlZelaJ P€ m MuollKn rlap6ooon, 000 lOlOPOP<PO Kl av e:iVGl auto (noxo lO 8epa ms KOU<plOS fns),

ana lO 1912 nlOv peAos pJaS noAU onpavuKns Lou<pIKns

OOe:A<pomws ms BOpe:10S A<pPIKns, e:vw 1O 1930 eyKOlomo8nKe OlO KOlpO, onou eznoe us 6uo leAeutaies oe:Kaedes ms zwns lOU (av KaJ 01 ena<pes lOU pe mv AvmoAn Oev neplopiomKav nOtE OlO lOAop, allo nepleAapj30vav lVOOUlOlES Ko8ws Km TaolcJl€s, e€m­das lOU ev8eppou ev5Ja<pepovlos lOU yJa us avOloAlKes napa66­oelS, nollEs ana ns OyvWOle:S mUXES IWV onoiwv napouoiaoe: oe: OEIPO ~lj3AjwV). nepa ano mv KpHlKn lOU ~J~AjOU lOU Seabrook, 0 fKev6v Bev eo ava<pepee:i eave 6npoOJa mous «emo nupyous»

.. "SflOU9d1 sflodo<b

-1;)[9 3ri Sfl01 if3Dl3ri tDlAO?9AflO 009lD(l)

J?'('{o 's3dC!Jx S?>Ul3do<bm9 3D [OlAO>lO

-ldg (<<Od1A?>I» odo<b9t9 Dl '«S3P03»

s3do<b9[9 (0) «[OAdifu» [0 0loUO

"U1 3ri OA(l)<briifo 'A9A3>1j fl011,lX09>13 AU1

3ri 3riifoeu'{oxoo De '3rioul3 S(l)U9 'C!J9]

'«h(l)AdifU 91U3» "(l)1

ori?e S39C!JtdulDflri 01 3ri 9>1[13XO UOl)V WO

Od3ril,l0 I,llD(l)M to"13 flOU I,lX09>13 U1jd1

U toAp I,llflV 'Sfl01 S1,l009J?dou SU1

OJ<bodA(l)3A «l,ld3t» AU1 Afloz!do flOU

tOAdl)u 91U3 Afloxd9Ufl phfZ3£j

SflOlD [19 9lDOOM 3MA? '[1oriA9dU

'(l)19>1odou 3ril)Oed3<b0,,0 De SflO

-lOUO SflOlD 'pMZ3tj Sfl01 3ri UO?XO

3D OA9ri 9dou 'od31lm9[ -(l)Zld

-(l)M 009 ,uo-3>1Uel,leUAfl3d3[9 A39

'A(l)19ri3e "001 AC!J1flO S?1U13'{3ri SflOA

-?rifl3>119[333 I,l S399rio S?>I[10tA0100 3D DO

-3ri9AO S(l)!dfl>l 'l,llD(l)M Od319oDtd3U '>[00!q08S

fl01 I,lX09>13 U 'U'('{!;> AU1 9UV 'Sl,llDt>l[10flri SO'('{9j

o fl01 Old>odAo'(u'('{o AUlD 3o(l)9? flOU St33l39"3 S?>I

-[1oriOOUOOUO S[1 AflOOI,l"fl3d3[9 OA -ifOlOAfl9 flOI

Od1?ri 01 910>1-"00ue9uoodu SflOlOUO SflOI 9UO

tOA?riDtdo '''9''3>1j flOl floAd? flOI S?IUI3'{3ri SflOI

3riflOO?d1033 hO '(099,(,{] "UlD ulD(l)"A9 SC!J'{31A3

'(l)Zjd(l)AA 009 ,uo 'to>l) UUC!Jdfl] AUlD UlD(l)AA9

[3A?riodou 9>1lA3A D!0UO U 'C!J93 3ril)OeU'{OXOO De

I,lX09>13 AU! I,llflO 3W '1,l>lld<bV "U1 [0>1 [3"9griO'{td

-3U 0lOV AUI 9UO S91>13 [19 OlD S(l)!dfl>l '>[00!q08S

flOl1,lX09>13 AU19uO t3d?<bm9 A9A3>1j fl01 t,lX09>13 H '9lD(l)M Od3H).dfl3 13A!A De ori?e Ol ' J31fl3

-cooriu9 08 fl01 sOj<bodAo'(u'('{o SUI sod?ri OA? h019

'OL61 flOl 0P30>l39 Ul 'Od319Ado l)'(ou 'ori09>1 AOl

AO,(9 9uO S?IUI3'(3rt Sflorield9fl'{OU 3rt 3XJ3 flOU Did>

-odAo'(u'('{o AUlD 91flO ,IA S(l)ri9 130t,l'(lri 08 '(SOlOri

-?8 flOl suol)<b «sulu80lofl3» SUI (l)A9'( sC!JhO<bodu)

H«KAI'JPovo~ua» TWV YKO<iJ~

HOn omv apxaia Aiyumo lllAOUOOV ylO mv unap€n ms mo wlxivouvns llayeias om Nlynpia (onou, enions, eXIOs ano

, 10 Eouo6v, Opa n EraJpeia rns /Ieonap6aAnsl.Em onllepl­vn enoxn, n neplOxn neplAalll36vel eXIOs ana 10 XpOIOS ms

Nlynpias XOJ lOY VOIO ms AAyepias. 01 "llaupes yuvaixes» ms <pu­Ails lCOV Touapeyx (Nlynplovos onllaivel "llaupos», ana 10 Aauvl­xo niger) MyetOl Oll xOtexouv llla llayeia nou eivOllxavn va oOn­yfloel mov 8evalO to 8ullOtOIOUS. 001000, eOw ava<pepollaole oe llla llayeia noM mo noMnAoxn ano auln nou llnopei va aaxn8Ei ma nAalOJa lllas VOlloOlxns <puMs. Ava<pepollame om lloveia nou eowoe oe evov 6v8pwno m ouvOlolma va onllloupynoel llla oM­xAnpn OUloxpalOpia: elvOJ n nepimwon TaU Sonni Ali, 0 onoios lOY 150 OIwva iopuoe 010 MOAI mv AUlOxpalOpia Songhai. 0 Sonni Ali, ouyxevlpwoe llaYlxes npaxllxes ana olo<popes neplOxe:s ms A<pPlxns, 1000 ano llS <puMs IWV paupwv, 000 XOl ana IOUS El3paious XOl IOUS MouoOUAllOVOUS, xupiws 0llwS ana IOUS Be:pl3epous inS B6pelas A<pPlxns. Ynopxel n On01jJn ou n l3epl3eplxn llOVeia xOlOyelOJ ana mv Aiyumo XOJ aUlO llas

H AUTOKpOTOplO Songhai

OiVEl Eva KAElOi ylO va KataAo!3oupE 000 MyOVlOl aXEuKo pE lOY Sonni Ali ana OlO<pOPES lOAap1KEs nnyes, OU on­Aaon lOU MenKE n Men pE mv onoia pnopouaE va EeOUOlOaE1 OAES us oVlom­lES lOU eVD10peoou KOOpOU, 01 onoiEs, Km'aUlov lOY lpono, OEV pnopouaav va nouv OXl OlOV eniooeo aUlOKpOlOpa... AUlO lO alolxeio pas oonyei am Ampeia lOU LEt, ixvn ms onoias EVlOnizovlOl lOOO am N1ynpia, ana OXEUKOUS epUAOUS, 000

KOl am LOuo6v, anolO Epeimo EVOS onpo-VUKOU VOOU O<pIEpWpEvOU alOV LEl, amy

lOno8eaia ms opxoios npwleUouoos NonolO, 000 KOl ana OXEUKOUS 8pUAOUS. 0 LEl Oup!30AIZE apXIKO m pia ono us Mo OIjlElS ms KOOj.ll­Kns llUvOj.lns, mv KEVlPO<puyo KO] Ko8oolKn, KOJ inav, ws EK lOUlOU, EvowpOlwpEvos OlO Olyum10Ko n6v8eov ws OOEA<pOS lOU 'Omp1 KOl lOUlOXPOVO OOAO<pOVOS lOU, onws, omv E!3pOlKn nopoooon, nou !3PI­aKolav OE OlEVn oxeon pE mv OlyunnOK1\ 0 K01V eiVOl OOEA<pOS KOJ OoAO<pOVOS lOU A!3EA (as pnv eEXVOpE, Enians, on unOli8ElOl nws 0 KOlV ENOl o onp10upyos lWV nOAEwv KOJ lOU nOAmapou, onAoon ms pov1pns EYKOlomaons). H Arnpeio lOU LEl ws €ExwplOlns 6Uvopns, €EKoppevns one lO unoAomo n6v8Eov, eEKivnaE n, EV nooEI nEpmlCl:>aE1, EVlOenKE K01 Emanponoll,8nKE lOY 170 OlWVO n.X. pE mv ElO!30AnlWV YKaws amy Aiyumo, OJ onoiOJ KOJ Kmo<pEpav va eyK08l<')pu­aouv m olKn lOUS ouvoOleia. 01 YKaws (m OVO­

~... ~.,r~ t \\r'o''>' !

po lWV onoiwv, aup<pwvo pE lOY opxoio A1yunno laloplKo Mave8w­va, anpolvE1 «BomAlooEs nOlpEvES») AOlpEuav m pia povo oljln ms Koap1Kns MVOj.lns 010 np6awno lOU BooA (Baal), lOY onoio KOl avo­yvwpJaav, <pl6voVlOS amy Aiyumo, 010 npoawno lOU LEt. 0 leAEUlOi­os, pOA10lO, <papaw ms OUVOOlelOS lWV YKaws 030S OlWVOS n.X), ovopazolav LEU A', onAaon «aUlOS nou avnKEl OlOV LEl»". Ynopxouv OlO<pOPES ano1jJEls, amy Enianpn lowpia, aXEuKo pE mv KOlOywyn lWV YKaws KO] lO olo<popa yEyOVOlO nou auvoeovlOl pE OUlOUS (eiVOl pia OUlWS n oMws apKElo paKplvn enoxn ylO va E<pOppOOlOUV pE aKpi!3E10 01 pe80001 ms 1alOplKns epEuvas). fow 80 npoupnooupE va aVlAnooupE OplOpEVO a101xeia ana mv «EvoMaKnKn lOlOpio», nou pnopouv va eivOJ EeOlpEUKO ola<pwu­aUKO OXEUKO pE 1O 8Epa nou EeElOZElOJ ow napov op8po...

I

N&jJpci>~, TO nV&U~O T~~ KOTOOTPOCP~~ nws KmaAaj3aivE:lE:, pnaivoupe 010 lepoollo Sepa inS naAJOS

( peyoAns oJOpoxJis cuo Jepmelwv, nou ouvnllKo elvOJ ove~o­. ~ VIAmo, e<pooov, Ola pOlla auIOU nou 10 olepeuvo, <paivelOJ vaOI' . 'ouvoeelOJ pe to n6vtO. ea nepJOplOlOUpe eow va loviooupe

eva onpeio lOJOltepa onpavllKo oe oxeon pe 10 Sepa pas: To nVEupa ms KalOolpoq))1S, nou unOKl­VOUOE liS POlVOPEVES opoe:s IWV YKOWS, OVOPOZEIOI napaooOlaKo (KOI KWOIKO) NEppWO (n Nej3pwo, OlQ ellnvlKo), anolov j3aOlAlo nou ava<pepEIOl om riveon ws lOPUll1S inS Baj3uAwvas Kal xapaKmpize­IOJ WS «Kuvnyos evovrfov Kupiou». To ovo­pa aUIO oev npooolopizel anoKAelollKo 10V j3lj3/uKO Ncppwo (0 onoios lautizEIOJ, oUp­<pwva pE OpJopevous peAemles, pE lOV fKlA­YKepes), allo KOJ Ko8e enioo~o aUtOpXIKO nyEpova, YJ' aUIO KOJ OIOV NEppWO anool­OEIOJ napaOOOlaKO 10 xtiOlPO IOU nupyou ms Baj3€A.'Evas ana lOUS tlt10us QUIOU IOU 8eonoJnpevou j3aOlAlo ms MeoonOlaplas nIOV Baa;" 0 onoios, onws elOepE, IOUtlOln­KE ana lOUS YKOWS pE lOV OJyumlaKo LeI. EmnMov, 10 ovopa IOU NEppWO (Nlppouvr) ElUpOAOylKO npoepxEIOl ana 10 Ej3pOlKO namar, 10 onoio, onws 10 apaj3lKo nimr, on­

Awvel 10 zwo nou <pepEl KnAioEs, onws n tlypns, 0 n6v8npas KOI n AeonopoaAn (pnopoupE va naparnpnooupE, Enions Oll 10 Vlp eiVOl ovrlorpoq>nlOu plV, anolO onoio npoepxEIOJ 10 ovopa Mfvws, nou OXElizEIOl pE lOV MeV IWV Alyumlwv, IOV Apov, lOV Movou IWV lVOOUJOlWV, K.O.). H AeonopoaAn eivOJ eva anoIa oupj3oAa IOU LeI (j3A. KOI «EIOJpeia inS 1\eonopoaAns»), evw n dypns oupj3oAiw mv noAeplKI1 KOOla IWV EarpfYla. En' aulOU 0 Peve fKEVOV unooEl­Kvuel Oll n «.. .iopuon inS NlVEUI1 KOI IOU aoouplaKou j3aOJAeiou anolOV NEppWO <paivEIOJ npoypall va OVllOlOlXd OE pJO e~eYEpon

IWV EarpfyJO evovna omv e~ouoia ms XaAOOlKI1S lepmlKns KO­oms. Ano eow 8epeAlwvelOJ n SPUAIKI1 oxeon ovopeoa OlOV Nep­pwo KOJ OlOUS Neq>l}.fp n ollous npoKmaKAuopJOjous "yiYOVIES", nou ovanaplolouV IOUS Earpfyla oe npoyEveolEpes enoxes. Ano

aUIO npoepXEIOl enions KOI 10 Eni8ElO "VEPPWOIKOS" (nimrodian). nou ova<pepEIOl am xpovlKn E~ouoia nou Em­j30llEIOl ovE€opmlO ana mv nveupallKI1 au8evtla...» ([lEftE Enlons, oxellKo. om reveon, m ouvavlnon IOU XaA8alou A~pa6p pe 10V ~a­OJAIO IWV Lo06pwv, nou oup­j3oAl1<o dVOl eva Ene:JOOOlO omv paKpaiwvn aVllnaAom­lQ Aj3paop-Neppwo, onAaon am OJOxpovlKn oJOpoxn OUO

IE:POlE:lrov, onros KOJ m ouvoymon rau Aj3pa­alJ IJE: tOY ME:AXIOE6EK... 0 NElJpci>6, E:nions, anavtalOJ KOI ata propajKa lIounepxO}UG

ros Lupercus [xuvnyos rrov}.uxrov}, Kl au­to, nepa ano 6dYIJa rau «E:KcpUAIOPOU» orav onoio E:lxav nE:pmEOEI to 1\OUnE:pKa­Ala, cpaivE:tOl va OXEllZE:IOl KOI pE: m 8pu­AoupEvn PEtacpOpa rau Baj3uArovlaKou IE:­paldou am Pci>pn...) ME: mv EupulEpn nE:plOXn ms MEoonOla­plas, nou tylVE to EniKEvtpo ye:yOVOtrov tooO Ka8oplOtl1<ci>v ylO mv Enlonpn KOI aVEnlonpn lOlDpla, ouv8Ee:tOl KOJ 0 tpitos nupyos. nou j3pj. OKEtOI am rupia, KOI e:Vtonlze:tOl OllS anopovropEVe:S Opooe:lpes nou EKle:lVOVIOl ana to Gebel aJ-Drus pEXpl ra Gebel Sinjar OlD Bape:lo lpol<, 6nou 13piOKEtOI 0 tetoptos nupyos. nou avnK€l oraus fle:Z1Vtl Koup60us, Ol onOlOl 8EropeltOJ Oll npoepxo­VtOl ana mv apxala NlVcun. KOVla atn onpe:plvn MOGouAn ...

HMtyoAIl 'APKTO~ nopEvouv lpEIS nupYOl, ylO lOUS onol­ous exoupE KOl ns A1YOlEPES nAnpo­

o evas nupyos ms Llj3npias, OlOV nOlapo Opn, avnOlolxef OlOV 11ia, EVW 0 aMOS, 0 mo ~OPE10S,

avnOlolxef OlOV Kpovo. AKopn mo EVOlO<pepouoa, opWS, KOla m yvwpn pOU, efVOl n avnOlOlxia lWV Ema mJpywv pE m MEyaAn ApKlO, nou oxnpatfzEwl av lOnoSW1­OOUpE ns Ema EadES nOvw OlOV xapm. Ee aUlOlO onpefo ~piOKOVlOl OPlOptvEs npoEKlaoEls 10lOi­lEpa onpavllKes, nou avaKE<paknwvouv 000 EKleSnKav OlO napov ap8po KOl OllS onoiEs aEi­ZEI va OlOSOUpE Aiyo.

A 'Onws pas nAnpo<popei 0 flAoUlOpXOS, 01 Alyunn­01 lOunzav m MEyaAn APKIO pE lOY LEl-Tu<pwva

i <pOpiES. 0 nepntos am aElpa J3pi- _ .- KOl paAlOtO lOY anoKaAouoav ApKro... . .. Ol<Etal atO TOUpKE:OlaV, plO lEpaona .-----------., Lup<pwva, opWS, pe mv flapaooon, 0

neploxn ms KEvlplKns Aoios, ylO lOY onoio 0 aOlEplOpOS ms MEy6Ans APKlOU apX1Ka PEve rKEVOV OEV npooolopizEI auYKEKplpevn lOnoSE­ OEV napiowVE: mv ApKouoa, aAM lOY oia. To TOUpKEOlOv EKleiVElOl on6 mv Kaonia ws mv AyplOXOJpO. Varahi, «xwpa lOU aYP10­epnpo rKopm, avOpEaO omv Kiva KOl mv MoyyoAia, XOlPOU», am oavoKplllKa ovopazeWl n EVW pEyoAo pepos avnKEl am Pwoia KOl plO Aoupioo lEpn yn lOU Boppo, n BopiaKOl, pOAlOlO, OlO A<pyavlOlOv. YnapxElll ono1jJn on 0 nupyos EVlO­ n piza var, nou onAwvEl lOY ayploxOlpO, nizElOJ Olo KlVEZ1KO TOUpKEalOv, am zwvn nou nEpl­ ons ~OPE1ES yAwOOES anavlcllOl pE m M­AapJ30vEl m AEKOvn ms Tapip KOl mv epnpo TaKAa­ En bor.. .(OAAwOlE, ana m piza bor OEV paKOv, KaSws KOJ n an01jJn all 0 nupyos j3piOKElOJ OlO'OpOS Kazbeck, OlOV KoUKaoo, onou napaoomaKO SEWpEltOl on aAuoo5E:enKE 0 flpopneeos, (cvw am OXE:llKn epEuva OEV npe­nEl va pe:iVEl avaElonoinm n avo<popo OXEnKO pE mv EnleEan lOU TOEvyK1S Xav EVOvna 010 SpUAIKO BooiAE10 lOU IEpea lw6vvn...) o eKlos 1<0'10 ej36opos nTJPYos j3pi01<OVlO'I om I:lj3npio KOl aUlOl, e:nions, OEV npooolopizoVlOJ oUyKEKplptva, anolOv rKEVOV lOuM­XIOlOV. TonoSElOUVtOl nOvlws am 11unKn Llj3npia, Ota Oup6AIO' 'Opn, KOla pnKos lOU lEpaonou nolOpou Opn: 0 evas nupyos ons EKj30Ms lOU KOl 0 aMOS mo j30pElO, OIOV Ap1<tJ1<O KU1<Ao, atO vnai Belvy, nou OVOPOZEIOl KOl !\E:UKO Nnaf. To povo nou pnopoupE va unoSeooupE pE j3Ej3alolma, pE j300n to olOSeOJpo olOlxe:ia, eiVOl on KOJ 01lpE1S nEpmtWOEls (JolOilEpa omv nEpimwon ms Llj3npias) a<popouv OplOpEVES POP<PES oapavlOpou lWV vopaolKwv <puAWV, OE oxeon pE ns «EpnAOKE:S» nou napouOloZOVtOl omv Ena<pn lWV oapOvwv pE oVlomlEs lOU «CV010pEOOU KOOPOU»...

fdyo nEplOoolEpO <pWS OOOV 0<pop6 lOUS lpE1S lEAEutOious nup­yous, lows va ooSEl av ooupe maxton nou 8EWpe:ilOl on un6pxEl avopEaa OlOUS Emo nupyous KOllOUS Emo nAavnlEs: 0 nupyos ms Nlynpias (nou, onws einapE, OEV nEplopizEIOl OtO opla lOU on­

napoYElOl povo lO bear, apKouoa, aMo KOllO boar, xoipos. 0 Boppos). 0 ayploxOlpOS eivOl lO oUpj3oAo ms lEpanKns KOOlas (tim anoKaAeilOl n.x. 0 lIpuions MEpAlV), EVW n apKlOs eiVOl lO oupj3oAo ms noAEplKns KOalas (ApSou­ \ pOS-ApKlOUpOS, KOl Arth Oto KEAnKo eiVOl n apKouoo). H ovnKa­laowon lOU AyplOXOJpOU ana mv ApKouoa, OlOV OOIEPlOPO 0 onoios am OUVExElO ovopaomKE ME:yaJ.n ApKroS (ME:yaJ.n ApKOU­oa), pnopef va 10wSef, oup<pwva pE lOY PEve rKEVOV, ws eva oup­~OAO ms E:~iYE:pans rwv IarpfYla. H EEeyEpon lWV noAeplOlwv, omv onoia ava<pEpSnKapE napanOvw plAWVtOS Yla lOUS YKOWS, unoKpumelOl KOl OlOV apxOloEMnvlKo puSo Yla lO KUVf1Yl lOU AyploxOlpOU ms KaAuowvas: n KaAuowv napanepnEl 010 apxaio ovopa ms LKWtlaS, Caledonia (KaJ.uowvfaJ, lO onoio OUVOE:EIOl. pE m oelpo lOU, pE lOUS Kaldis (KEAlES), aMo KOl pE lOUS XaAooi­ous (Chaldeans), KOl to ouo lOUS ovopma nou meavolmo OCV ava<pepovlOl OE Aaous, OMO omv iOlO lEpanKn KOOlO, nou eopo­OE peoa OE ola<popous Aoous...

AUln nlav plO ElolKn Elooywyn 010 napoEEvo puonKo znmpo lWV «Emo flupywv», 10 onoio anOlIEl E€ioou ElolKn pEMm YlOva KOla­

OU8Ei nEplooolEpO Kave:lS 010 on­

po, 0 nupyos lWV nEZ1­vd, pE e:niKEVlpO lO 'Opos Sinjar, avnOlOl­xe:i Olov'HAlO, unovoe:i­IOJ onAaon pIa KEVlPl­Kn Sean aUlou IOU nup­you (aAAwOlE O'HA10S

ElVOllOlOltEpa onpavn­KOS omv 8pnOKelO lWV nEzlvtl). 0 nupyos lOU

TOUPKE0!6v ovnOlOl­Xe:l OlOV Apn KOl, leAos,

II

PEPlVOU KpOlOUS) avnolOlxe:i am LeMvn, 0 nupyos lOU LOU­OOV OlOV Eppn, EVW 0 nupyos ms Lupias omv A<ppooim. Tw­

pavnKo puonKa nou <paivElOl on KPUJ30VlOl ana niow lOU ...

-Oll 'lQ[orl9dou Sl3dl fOVYr;> Atloxdr;>Utl yXord3U AUlD C9A3 '(/l.C,13 A(t)!DO>tOj3 A(I)l'{[X tlOUjd3U) OdJ9,( 9}1fAm}l AOA? 3D CQAJ;m soAd~u

so~oxdo SOA3jr;>dou SOA? lOA'3 'Wn)\-[AZA)! tlOrlyd3 SUI udJl!?

/l.Ulo 'OA[lf)[ tlOl ~ll['(OlOAO 'Ar;>lCHA3r1:>tdflOl 01 3r1 OdOAl).o 010

J;>lAOll 'AJ;>lDlJl3UrtZtlO 0[1911. 010 'zoLPlsal 01 9uo Od13r19[,([X Sl 0ID3eOUOl ylllrlud3 UHD9duotlg 30 'O[0>I-ZOAV 01 OlA [OH3ll9dU

"'9HlO 0,(9 orA sorl o?dou

AUlD UoUll,LZtlD U'(J;>A3r1 orrl 3DUA!ll3j l019 f)\ 'SUdllfrlU'i7 0 tlOl ode -dr;> 010 [3djldlD/I.O flOU «soAd~u sOlUrI;m" 0 IOAp s91tlO J;>ll[1orlAodu

[19 Drtood?urltlo 010 3ouAygo sorl tlOU Ul?'(3r1 yd>url orrt 3rtOAJ;>ll

lDl3;9[rlud3 AUlD Oo?rI '13ll3 lOlAOJlo,dg tlOU AmlJ;>rlo[1Jl A(I)A3jJ;>dou

11.(1)1 S3A9Jl[3 S?>t[13XO S[1 9/1.Oj 3r1ogp /1.019 'SJ;>rl3 orA 3llUSC,!Og3g

-ru3 A9g3xo YlflO SOrllfDUSDlO H '«oAdl).u OlUrI?U» 11.01 sorl um9utl

3r1ox13 Oil. ugy J3dourl [19 UD3e9Utl AUI SOlA0!l.9Jl '/fJJD]-S[DOOD

tlOl m3syog Ul 3r1 0,D380UOl AUI UAJ3Jl3 ,0 3r1om?dlDW3 S(I)o?rlV

'(lurl9JlJ Ul fdx?rI f3!1.91dJ!OJl 'SOAl)! SUI sod?rI '!I.91Df/l.OAdll:f tlOl sod;lrl '!I.9lD[ll3UrlZtlO tlOl sod9r1 'lI.J;>lDfA3r1X

-dtl0l 01 9uo [01~3'(310UO Od3r1yo 'lI.J;>lD3>tdtl019xoroogodou 01) «" "so?surtodU 0 3XUe?goDtl'(0 [19 [0lJ3d(l)38 r;>xoroogodou

tlOU9 'OoDllI).O)\ 11.010 '>[Jeqzo)! sod9 010 l0l3llDldg soAdl).u 0 [19

umou9 U!OX SC)J80Jl 'lI.J;>xorlo'(xol orlud? AU1!OJl rtldol SUI UII.J;>Jl3'(

Ul f311.J;>grlo'(ld3U tlOU UAC,Z UlD

'lI.J;>lD3Xdtlo1 9>tfZ3A1)! 010 101 -3Z1UOlII.3 soAdC).u 0 [19 umou9

U l3XdJ;>uA 'AJ;>lD[AOAdl'V OlD

ogld(l)'( orrl IOJl O[D(I)d UlD f3JlY/l.O SUI sod?rI 0,(9A3r1 C,A3 'olyoAAoW

AUI lOX 011.1)\ AUlD 003r1r;>/I.O 'rurl9JlJ orlud? AUI S(I) 0IUoO)! AUI 9UO

[0l3A\31X3 !I.9}03Jldtl0l 01 '0103S0UOl uA?rlrdJl3JlAno f3Z1dofgDOdu

A3g A911.3XJ ?A3d 0 0loUO 11.01 orA 'SOIDI:f SyJl[dlA3)! SUI YXOld3U ono

-r;>d31 mrl 'i\.9lD3Jldnol 010 f0l3JlDldg flOU 'soAdl).u sOlUrI;m 0"'»

:nodsdr;> SOlAOd?dJmgA3

C).'(ou nOl 1).01no sodJodA9dou (l)19Jlodou U 3Dfrll).8 01 sow '3'(l3lD;l

01 sorl SI,(9r1 «no,(9gor'i7 tlOl snoAdl).U 9lU3" snOl 01,1. uAr;>rlnool Udl

-yrlu'i7 nOl odSdr;> 013r1oDJ;>gOlg nouDc, '[3D9x3j A9g3Xo 3r1ox13 01

'sIJl'(l)[ nOl [Al).d

-ox 010 r;>lAOJl [3mI).YOJlO/l.O Od3191Oyou 3r10XJ3 nou (3r1C).OYOJlOUO 01 011. [3D? do sorl S(I)U9) «OdlDr;>X 9Jl[/I.OA» 01 3r1 SUI Sr;>lU19[orlo suy

-J;>A3r1 SUl SOPlOj3 sorl Aod?dJOlglI.3 01 3DUAlx nou 'Ar;>lD[lI.3r1xdnol 01 3r1 OdOAI).D OlD r;>lAO)l 'A9lD[)l3urlzno 0[1911. 010 0103S0UOl 00

-nOd?dJorgA3 mrl [301U01A3 3r10XP '3191'/fiJD]-S[DOOD nOl AC,ldox AC,JlldJodAol(1)dJ Ac,JlfdodJndog 11.(1)1 or3SYOg Ul 3r1 Ud?rI Oil. .'

-3j9dou OA?rlldx3XAtlD orou9ll 3r1ool).OlUZO/l.O '(C)Jga r;>VYou

3r1I).OU Oil. 3r1C).odourI A3g S<yXrl1Dtlg 0loUO AUI orA) S0Ar13d?

SyJl[g[3 sorrl m3JldJ;>lg Ul 910Jl 'S3Ayrl SI).013Jldo 9uO AId

·(noY'98DTV n02 ro.4d!1Il '9W:J1 to 'oded9 oA3tU)oAuodll 00. 3rt W1~9AClD 'peno'(Oxtl nOll OA3rtpx 0;1;)

~

eoos KOl m €pe:ima HUV l€lXooV !-llas jJ€yoAns oxupns lOn08€oias.

Ayaz-Kala, onjJaiV€l "0 nay(J)jJEvos nupyos» n "0 nupyos lOU no­

yOU». (To AyazonjJaiv€l mv nay(J)vlCr, an' anou KOl lO "aylCrZ]», jJJa

U~n nou €jJds xpnoljJonoloujJ€ jJ€P1KeS <jlOpeS Yla lOV nay(J)pevo CrV€po). BpioK€IOl omv apxOlowm n€plOXn lOU noAmojJou lOU

Khorezm. (Mas <jlCrvnK€ €v6JO<jlepouoa KOl n OX€llKn opolamm

lOU lOn(J)vupiou "Khorezm» P€ IO lOnwvuplo "XOpUyl», av1l0lO1Xn jJ€ mv ojJOJomw ms lOn08€oias).

To oupnA€ypa lOU Ayaz-Kala e€(J)p€lmJ on KmaOK€UOOmK€ KOlCr

lOV npwlO Olwva ms aUlOKpmopias lOU Kushan, OlO Khorezm.

(EvlOniz€ml ow ~op€106unKCr lOU Ellik-Kala -KOKKIVOS, aAIKos, mipyos- OlO apxaio Karakalpakistan, ow avmoA1KCr lOU apous

lOU Moupou LouAICrvOU Uvays Bobo).

fJO X1A100€S xpovJO 0 Zwpoamplopas nmv €EanA(J)jJEvoS OlO

Khorezm, am Loy6lavn KOJ am BaKIplavn (YV(J)O{ES ana ns €K­

olpm€i€s €K€l lOU M€yCrAou AA€ECrv6pou...omv "CrKpn ms fns»),

jJ€ €niK€VIpO lO napaK€ljJ€VO OUpnA€yjJa lOU Mizdakhan, ons xa­jJnA6Iepes neploxes lOU nOlojJou Amu Daryo. To napoE€vo omv

oAn lOlopia €lVOl on O€ ounlv mv n€plOXn Yla mv onoia plACrp€, OlO apxaio Khorezm, omv €UpUIepn n€plOXn lOU Ayaz·KaJa, oUp<jlw­

va jJ€ lOV 8puAo, 0 ZwpooOlpns eypffijJ€ mv Avesta, lO J€pa ~l~Aio

lOU Z(J)poomplOpou. (To: Ayaz-Kalo, Toprak-Kala -0 X(J)ponvos

nupyos- Kuy-KriJgan-Kala, Burgun-Kala -0 MU!€pos nupyos­

ovnK081OTWVlOS oxe66v OAOV lOY OTpOlO). IE OUlOIO IOnwvUplo, Morakanda, OVOKO­

MIjJO].lE KOl ].lla aKopn -noM EVOla<pepou­

00 ylO e].los- Aemo].lEpelO. 0 lm].lnlpnS

Toou].lovns, ow op8po lOU Yla lOUS fma nupyous rou !J.Jaj36)'ou ava<pepel: " ...av

oou].le m oxeon nou 8ewpeit0l on unopxel

ovo].leoa OlOUS emo nupyous KOJ IOUS emo

nAovines: ....0 nupyos lOU ToupKeOlov ovnOTolxei olOvApn ... » Ito onpavnKo j3lj3AjO lOU C. S. Lewis, The Cosmic Trilogy (H KOOPJK11 TpJ).oyia), om yAwooa lC1lV Eldila 0

nAovnms Apns ovopozelOl Malacandra... (BMne, eKe] nMov, mv nOAn [apapKav6n, Samarcanda). Evola<pepov, mfons, txel lO on OE auulv mv eupulEpn 010 Ouz­pneKlolOv, 0 'EMnvas 0px01oMyos BjKlWP Iopnylovvjons ana

mv TaoKevon, OVOKOAuljJe lOY "M<po ono XpUOO<pl», lOY AEyopevo

"Xpuoo ms BaKlplovns», «pla Kvwoo om j308n ms Aoias», (tov

npwlO zwpoaOTplKo voo Kal eva OVOKlOPO nAndas 4.500 elwv nou

8upizeJ noM mv Kvwoo, Ka8ws KOl eva owpo eMnvlKo eupnpa­

lO), oe ].ltpn onou "nfOleuov OU oev lO efxe nmnoel nmt Ov8pw­nos», onws Mel 0 fOlOS.

In].lepa nou ypo<poupe oUtes us ypappes, Aeve au Ol i\olpels ms Q)Wl](JS (OJ Fire-Worshippers) zouv aKopn oe: KonoJa 8uonpool­lO opelvo XWplO OlOV VOlO lOU OuzpneKlOTov, OlO onoia n npo­

oj3aon elvOJ lOOO MOKOAn nou pnopouv va npooeyylolOuv pa­Vo pe pOUAOpJa n oAoya. AUlOi OJ ouyxPOVOJ Zwpoomplmes, xapaKmpfzoVlOJ ana ns napo€eves puonKes napaoooels lOUS,

mv aUlOnenoi8nonlOus, lO KOUPOYlO lOUS, mv KaAoouvn loUS.

KOJ, a<pou unopxouv aKopn aUtoi

Ol mOlOi lOU KOAou Axoupa Moz­

vm oe eKeiVeS us neploxes, ylOti va

pnv unopxouv KOl OJ mOlOi lOU Ka­

KOU AP1].lOv, eKel, KOVlO OlOV "nup­

yo lOU noyou»; ... S

11 TEYXH npommKH IYN4POMH 0 AOPO 0

ITOIXEIA nAPAI\HnTH IYN4POMHI

Enwvu~o ·OVO~O .

060<; API6~o<; nOAI'] .

T.K. .. TI']A. .Fax ..

EnaYYEII\lO A.<l>.M... 11.0.Y .

Ltf1V nEpimwaf1 npoawmK~C; auv5po~~c; au~n;'f1PWmE ~6vo to motxEia napaMntf1.

ITOIXEIA 40PHTH IYN4POMHI

Enwvu~o 'OVOiJo .

056<; AP18iJo<; nOAI'] ..

T.K TI']A Fax ..

En6YYEA~O A.<l>.M. ...11.0.Y ..

TPonOI nl\HPOMHI

nllJlWtlKIl KOptO: Visa 0 Mastercard 0 Eurocard 0 'Ovo~a I1IKOlOUXOU . .. H~£po~. M~I']<; .

API8~6<;: / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

Kotli8ElJl1: ApI6~. floyop. Eurobank 0026 0211 66 02002 08835

AnolJto>'1\ TQXu6po\lIKI\C; ERltOYJ1l;: ArNOnO E.n.E. Baa. 'OAyO<; 125 T.K. 54643, 8WOOAOvfKI']

KOITOI ETHIIAI IYNAPOMHI

EMdoo: € 32· Kunpo<; KOl E~Wl£PIK6: € 74 LtEiAlE to Koun6vl toXU5PO~lKO ~ ~E Fax am 2310 886 481.

Ltf1V nEp(mwOf1 nou nAf1PWVElE \.IE Kmo6wf1 ~ \.IE toxU5PO\.ltK~ Enttoyrl.

nOPOKoAOU\.IE EnIOUVOljHE to Ovtiypocpo mu on05ElKllKOU nAf1PW\.I~C;

Otf1V EmOtoM ~ mo Fax nou 80 \.lac; Ol:ElAEtE.

II

'M e j,110 npOOeKUKn ovayvwon tWV noponavw tPIWV onOOnOO]latWV

, I nou xpnOl]lonolnoo ws mottos

( , '.,' auloU lOU op8pou, ]lnopel va VNel lows KOtOVOmo OU ovo<pepovtOl oe ]l10 eK twv cuo oJO<popeuKwv -eK OlO]1etpou ovtl­8etwv- omlKwv onevovn omv npOVJ.lOUKO­mtO, OlOV avSpwno, OlOV K00]10. 01 CUo 10lOpIKes <pIAooo<plKes autes ovdSe­tes omlKes, OOKI]lO OVO]lOZOVtOJ 1&0),1­

opOS KOI Y),lOPOS. (01 noponavw OlOXO­Oles KOI auyypo<pelS, OlO onoonoO]1Oto lOUS autO, lOnOSetouvtOl -KOla KanOlOV oo<pn tpono- omv omlKn lOU 10eoA10]10u, ov KOI OXI onA6 ]lOVO oe auInv).

OI/1EAA1IMOI

Oloeo),lopos exel mv onnKn OU 01 loees, n n II<~n, on]lIOUp­

I ' vel ehe e~ OAOKAnpOU efte e~ omlKns onOloonnme npOVJ.lou­; ) Komm, etal wote evos K00]10S UAIKWV OVUKel]levwv nou Oev

I,', ' 'So neplexel KO]1lo OK~n n loeO, ehe Oev So efVOI Ouvolov va unapxel KOI va yivel e]lnelplo, ehe Oev SO e1VOI teAelws «npOVJ.lou­KOS", (0 Y),lOPOS, ovuSetws, ]le Ouo AOyJO, unoOlnplzel OU evos K00]10S UAJKWV OVuKel]levwv elvOI lo ]lOVO nou unopxel ws npoy­]lOUKOmtO, xwpls us loees n OKe1jJels). 01 10eoAlOles <plAOOO<pOl (napa noMoi 10eoA10teS <pIAOOO<pOI, onws 0 Arthur Schopenhauer, moteuouv ou 0 nmepos lOU veo­tepou loeaAJO]1ou nIOV 0 <pIAOOO<pOS George Berkeley, 1685­1753, KOI OU 0 10€OA10]10S pnopel va ovoxSel opxOlotepo Oln <pIAooo<plo lOU nAOtwVO), moteuouv OU 0 vous ]las KOI 01 epnel­pies lOU, mOlX£J08elOUV mv·Ynopi;n. 01 10eoAJOles <plAOOOq>Ol, KOJ apo 0 oloxoO]1os mus, Kmmaooo­VtOl ano taus ovoAunKOUS ImOplK01JS ms <plAOoo<plos oe oloq>Ope­UKes KOlnvoples lOU loeoAJO]1ou, nou 80 eNOl um:pj3oM va ovo­Mow eoro (n.x. 0 MetO<pUOJKOS 10€OAJ0]10S, 0 Ynepj3OlIKos 1&OA1­0]10S, 0 YnOK€l]levIKOS 10eaAJO]1os, 0 Emmn]loAoYJKOS 15eaAJO]1os, o OvtOAOYJKOs 15eoAJ0]16s, 0 <POIVO]levOAOyIKOS 10eaAJO]1os, 0 Ynap€JOUKOS 10eaAJO]1os, 0 ~loAeKUKOS 10eaAJO]1os, 0 nOV1jJUX1­0]10S, 0 LOAJ1jJ10]10S, 0 LOUpeaAJ0]10S, !<An, !<An). LtO neOla lOU, ]le lOV eva n ]le lOV aMo tpono, KJVOUvtOJ napa noMoI oQOOeJ30OlOl <pIAOOOq>Ol, onws Ol: George Berkeley, Arthur Schopenhauer, Immanuel Kant, Leibniz, Georg F. Hegel, j. Royce, Edmund Husserl, Molebranche, Arthur Collier, johann Fichte, F. H. Bradley, B. Pascal, Carl G. jung, 1(.0. (KOI ]leplKes ana us 1&0­AJOUKes SeoelS XOAOpa unoampIZOVtOJ e~eAJKnKO OKO]ln KOI ano <pJi.OoOq>OUS nou oev KOlOloOOOVtOl napoOOOJOKO mous 10eoAJmes, onws 0 john Lock, 0 David Hume, 0 Franz Brentono, o Martin Heidegger, K.O.) Av6peoo lOUS, oMOI emxel­pnpOloAoyoUv VIa m <puon ms nPOVJ.I0tlKomtcrs, aMOl YJO m <puon ms ovdi.n1jJns, OMOl 'flO m <puon ms yvw­ons, ws OAOteAO unOKel]levl­Kes, KOI opo PIAOUV ylO evov OAOteAa UnOKel]levlKo -IOem6- KOOpO, 6Mol OU tfnme Oev pnopel vo unap­

xel nepo ana lOV YOU nou OVtlAO]1,BavetOl autO nou unapxEl, aMOl OU 0 K00]10S IWV ovuKel]levwv elVOl amy npOVJ.I0tlKOmIO l5ees VJO to OVUKeipeva, oMOI OU 0 K00]10S unapxel mov YOU loU nopampmn KOI 0 napampmns oev exel Ipono va nel ou un6p­xel e~w ano autOV, OMOl OU UnaPXel povos evas napampmns nou KaSe <popa taudzetOl ]le lO napampou]levo OVtlKeI]levO, oMOI ou Kaee e]lnelplKo OVUKeipevO elVOI tautOXpovo KOI uno­Kel]levo, OMOl on 0 vous OVnAO]1j3avetOl povo us OIKes loU 10ees KOI OXI to e~wteplKo ovuKel]leva, aMOl OU 0 UAIKOS K00]10S npo­epxetOl KOI nnyozel ana tOY K00]10 tWV lOeWY, KOI 6MOl OU n UA1­onKn oK~n eNOl enlons plO loeO onws KOI 0 UAJKOS K00]10S eNOl mnv npOVJ.l0uxotmo 0 K00]10S tWV lOeWY, KAn, KAn. eo pnopouoe va nel KOVelS OU, navw-Kmw, n 10eaAJmlKn <plAOOO­<pIa auv01jJIZetOl ]le OUO npoxelpo AOYJO OlO e~s: H npOVJ.lOnKOm­to --0 K00]10S- eNOl autO nou VO]lIZelS OU eNOl, eNOl teAelws uno­KelpevlKn KOI oi.nSJVo aVtlKelpevo Oev unopxouv, nlow ano oAa j3plOKetOl 0 VOUS, 01 epnelples loU YOU elVOI oi.n8JVes epnelples, KOI OUVlmouv evov oAn8JVo KOOpO, 0 onolos olOlxel08etehOJ ano lOV napOlnpmn KOJ oMnAemopo pe autOV Oln pop<pn tWV loewv. ~nAaon, 10 m:plo01KO nou aun1 m onypn KpOlaS mo xepla oou, Oev elvOJ eva «npayponKo" «ovuKelpevlKo" «UAJl<O" neplo01Ko, aMa n epnelplo ms 1010S oou ms aVtlAn1jJnS Y10 to neplo01KO, KOJ tWV 10ewv nou exels oxnpOlloel ecrU VI' autO (pOZI pe mv opxetu­mKn OVlOAoYJKn 10eo lOU nepI00IKOU onws autn eKnepneIOI ana lOV K00]10 tWV loewv), elvOl eva neplO01Ko nou j3plOKeIOl povaxo ]leoa OlOV YOU OOU, 000 oe o<popo, eNOl eva neplOolKo nou pno­pel va elVOl OtlOnnme omv npOVJ.lOlIKOImo, o,n 8eAels pe m Ouv0]11Kn oou npoSeon, OnAaOil elvOl eva POYlKO neploolKO. ~ev elVOI CUOKOAO va KmoA6j3el KovelS OU 0 10eoAJopos elvOI n j3001Kn «petO<puolKn" oxoM <plAooo<plKns oK~ns.

HCIlAINOMENOAOriA

I tous KUKAouS IWV aUyxpovwv <plAOOO<pWV KOI twV peAeImWV

",' ms lotoplas ms <plAoaO<plOS, Ol mo npow8n]leves OVUM1jJelS , ';,nepl <plAoao<plos KOl nepl ms Kmovonons ms ov8pwmvns

<puons KOI loU K00]10U mov onolo zoupe, auyxMvouv KOpj31­Ka om neolo ms (j)OJvopevo),oyios (Phenomenology).

(ElvOI eva neolo Olo enola auvOVtlOUVIOI 01 oK~els loU G. F. Hegel, lOU Edmund Hussed, loU Martin Heidegger, loU Franz Brentano, loU M. M. Ponty, lOU j. Derrido, lOU Dovid Hume, lOU

Immanuel Kant, lOU Carl Stumpf, K.O.) H <PaJVOpevoAoyfa eNOl pia npoo€yyJon Oln <PJi.OOO<pIO, nou ~eKJVo pe mv ~epeU­vnan tWV <paJVopevwv (OMo5il autWV

II

trov npaypmoov nou napouOlozo­vtill oe EpOS Oln ouvElomn epnelpia pas), pe oKono va aulloflEl lO ano­Amo, AOY1KO, OVlOAO'{lKO Kill peto­CPUOlKO nVEUpa nou flpiOKetill niooo ana ta <PmvOpEVa. H q)alVopEVoAoyia EiVOl n pEt-em ms ouoias ms auvEionons, peooo ms epnelpias ana mv omlKn lOU npc.olOu npooc.onou (first-person point of view), onAaon lOU mopou (individual). nolles cpopes, n q)illVOpEVoAoyia noipvel mv EpnVEUouKn epnel­pia tOOV cpmvop€:voov oav acpempia, KOJ npoana8ei va e~6yel ana autnv ta KUPIO XapOKtnplOnKo toov epnelplc.ov allo KOI mv ouoia ms iOlas ms Epnelpias pas. (Imv nepimooon nou YEV1KO e~6yel ta oUOlaonKo xapaKmplonKo onolOoonnOle m8avns epnelpias, ovopOZetOl «unepflmlKn CPOlVOPEVoAoyia»). mes cpopes, npoona8Ei va avaMoel mv iOla mv epnelpia KOJ mv KOlavonon lOU iolOu lOU 'OvlOs, onOte petatpenetOl oe pe8000 ms pEAems ms unapQ1s, lOU 'Ovtos: omv OvlOAoyia. (Ano ns 010­cpoovies navoo ons pe8000us, UiliKO npOeKuljJe Kal °Ynap~lopos).

(Me oAa autO, oXetiZetill OtEVO Kal °Av8poonJopos. 0 Av8pro17J­cpos -Humanism- wvizel mv OlopIKOmta -individualism- tOOv av8pc.omvoov OVtOOV, ow va fllc.ovouv Km va onplOupy0Uv lOUS OIKOUS touS KOOpOUS. AutOS €IvaI ° OOK1POS OPlOPOS loU Av8poo­mopou. 'Otav auxvo yp6cpoo au «0 K68e av8poonos eivOl tva o'611nav ana povos loU», eiVOl pIa av8poomonKn 8eon). nmepas ms o'6yxpovns q)alVopEVoAoyias 8eoopeitOl oacpc.os ° Edmund Husserl (1859-1938), av Km nolloi 8eoopouv oos nmepa ms lOY Hegel (The Phenomenology of Spirit. 01 Kuples avnopa­oels anevavn oe autO lO epyo lOU Hegel, ytvvnoav lOV unap~l­opo loU Kierkegaard KOI lOU Sartre KOJ lOV UAI­

mo ~o80s lOU xpovou, n AAxnlleia, n KapnoAa, ° llUOtlKlOPOS, ° POOomauPlOPOS, ° rVOOOtIKlOPOS, 1<J\n, exouv lleyoAn oxeon emppons oe OAa autO). o Husserl e€ilyaye nolles onllavuKes loees nou EivOl KEVtplKes ms yeas q)OlVOllEVoAoyias, ana lOUS OaOKOAOUS lOU, Franz Brentano KOJ Carl Stumpf. Mia ano autes ns flaon<es loees EiVOl n «LKomllom­m» (lntentionality), onAaon n loea OU lO KUplO xapa­KmplOUKO ms ouveionons eNOl OU n ouveionon eXEl novm ouvaplKfl np68eon, eivOl OKompn (exel intent). H OKompOtma autn, nou pnopEi va OUV01jJ1OtEi oos n euBUmm n n KlvmlKOmta tOOV olavomlKc.ov opooeoov, neplypocpel m flaOlKn oopn ms ouvEionans. K68E ola­vonnKn op6on moxEUel -n neplexel- €:va avnKeipEVO, lO AeyOPEVO «OKompo OVtIKEIpEVO». K68e nenoiSnon, emSupia, 1<J\n, exel €:va OVtlKEipEVO 010 onoio avacpe­petOl. H 1010mm lOU va exels np08mn, oKompomm, 010 va exels €:va OKompo OVUKEipEVO onAaon, ElvOl to KAeloi nou oloxoopizEl ta vomlK0-cpuoIKO cpOlvopEVa

ano m CPUOlKO cpmvopEVa (OVtlKEipEVa), OlOU m CPUOIKO cpOlvopEVa 6EV exouv np08mn. OnouonnOle epcpaviZetOl n np08eon, n oKom­pomm, exoupe va Kavoupe pe m vonUKO cpmvopEVa Km OXI pe m CPUOlKO cpmvopEVa, K(mJ m cpmvopEVoAoyia. £nelon, opoos, an06i­60upe epEis m olKn pas np08mn KOJ OKompOtma ma CPUOlKO cpm­vOllEVa -6nAaon emvooupe epeis pia pnXOVlmlKJ1 n amOAO'{lKn OKompOtma tOOV CPU01Kc.oV cpmvop€:voov- m CPUOlKO cpmvopEVa EVOS CPUOlKOU KOapOU Yla to onoia plAOpe OEV ElVOl napa to vomlKo CPOl­vopEVa EVOS vonuKou KOapOU: rou OJKO"e) pas. 0 onoios pnopEi va eppnVEUtEi ommma pe m cpmvoPEVoAoY1Kn p€8060 (nou npounop­xel ms «1jJUXoAoY1Kns» KOI mv exel onploupynoel oe peyoAo fla8po).

01 /),.YO KOIMOI a Moo oAa autO, pe ooKlpn CPIAooocplKn Kmooel~n, Yla va Ka­.ta8eooo eoc.o eloayOO'{lKO w e~ns: OU o'6pcpoova lle mv lmopia

. reu av8pc.onlVou Oloxaopou, leAlKO ExOUV npoKmpel ouo KO­IOPOI OlOUS onoious zoupe: °UA1KOS KOopOS (0 KOopOS tOOV

~OlVOpevOOV, onou m8avo eivOl «autO nou oou A€pe EpEis on eivOl m8avo»), KOJ °Mayl1<os Koopos (0 KOOPOS tOOV loec.ov, ms ouvei­onons, onou «la navta eivOl m8avo»). KOJ °av8poonos, oos vonnKo n nveupmlKo OV, UiliKO enJMyel -pe oKompn npo8eon- 010 nOlOV

ana aulOUS lOUS Mo KOOPOUS 8a KalOIKei, Kal opo lOU Map~ Km tOOV onaoc.ov lOU). nOlOV 8a napampei. EivOl xapOKrnpIOllKo to yeyovos OU ° KUPIOS (ea pnopouoe pOAJOta va npo08eoel KavEiS on, anoOeKtOS npoyovos ms q)Olvopevot-oyias, 01 ouo autOi KOOPOl, KOJ 01 KOt01KOi tOUS n 01 eivOl ° Friedrich Christoph Oetinger (1702­ napampmes 10US, eoc.o Kill nopa noM KOlpO, 1782), pe ns pEAeteS lOU '{Ia lO «8elKo o'6ornpa fjpiOKOvtOl 010 not-epo). OUOXEtlOPc.ov» (divine system of relations) (flMne KOJ m SEot-O'{lKn oxoM tOOV Pietists). 0 Oetinger, eixe EnnpeaOtEI j3a8Utma (8a pno­ ENA BPOXEPO AnOrEYMA pouaav va von80Uv KOJ oos oOOKaAoi loU) ano IOea ylO 10 puomplc.06es KEvtPIKO zinnpa wv Johannes Valentinus Andreae (auyypacpea aulOu lOU op8pou, pOU exel npOKU1jJel eoc.o lOU epyou OJ XnpJKof r6pOJ rou Kpfcmav P6zev­ , KOI apKet6 KOJPO, KOJ yevvfl8nKe peoa KpoJrs) KOJ WV yvOOOUKO puOtIKlmn CPJAooocpo . .. ano pla auzinnon (mv onoia Kmeyp01jJa) Jacob Boehme. (Na onP€lc.OO(J.) €oc.o 6n eva

Hnou eixa KonOle pe evav KaAa pou cpiAo, auvenn

peyOAo j.IEpOS tOOV onj.lelc.ooeoov tOU Exegesis peAemtn ms CP1Aooocpias KOJ oelvo auvoplAmn, lOU Philip K. Dick ElVOl acplepoopevo Oln OKt-Ipn tva j3poxep6 an6yeupa. H auznmon autfl rnav, loU Jacob Boehme). (llnAaon, KOla fl68os, KOJ anOCmoO].lmlKo, n aKoAou8n:

II

«" '9XmDOlD[1AD '9<Dndx 'WfU3'(X?

3D ADurt~ Of>? (:IX9 llDlA) S(l)Dl ---9X£1(l)191

(l)lD?-ADurt~ 9XlAnrt Of>? 9UO S3A9Xl3

nort U1Dq>MoAD A01D (l)Dq>9Ol3rt OA mA

[OX 'norto9x nOl [Ox r;OlnD3 nOl mdlflonrt

Ol (l)DI!Afl3d3~3 OA mA 'SuDn3Aurl? SUl

013Anrt Ul l,l90'(u9 'SOIAX310Ao'( SUl I!xlAulDdlD UA3rt9Aa'(I<Drto AUl

q>XDO~3 !?AXnD !?13XdO lOX !?'('(O 'l!lUAn3d3~3 AOl (l)AJ?X !?AXnD lOX

AD '91nD 13AJDrlUD AD IX 11'9 'so?<DodAAnD S(l) OA9rl!?dOU (l)Xd.r;lUn

OA q>dourl A3g '(l)d?j 3rt 009 ,uo 'q>A] '!?dO<DO 3rt A3g 's3rf1odA

-?ld3U AOl S(l)U9 'SOU(l)d9A\i S9X[l['(OU 0 £19 (l)ZlrtoA '(l)U noo ON"

«' "sq>xnlDng 'ou(l)d8A\i 9Xll['(oU AOl 9UO lOlJ3XlOlDX 'SI3DI!A

-n3d3~3 OA SI3,(?8 r;'(ou 0091 nou 'sorlo9x sugcpCdUlDflrl 0 s91nD

10){ 'or!D9){ 9XlAnW AOl 'ADurt~ 9XlAnrt Ol lOX nOA3~l/doLI nOl

l/1<Ddorto AUl 'OlU19X[1oriA.odli lfAld3rtU8DX AU! 9uo (l)3? 0Id38fl3'(3

I!A18u,(o AUl DlA 310ull 13Al090,(OlOX A3\l 'OlU19xlAdnOl13'( lfx

-[1xodu AUl [OX m3'(!?<DDO AUl 'm3'(91n'(ou AUl 'oxAa'(? AOl !?uoAn

'sorl S9rlolll'(OU 0 130131(>1 08 AO'('(!?rt 0IOUO AOl 3rt SOU(l)d8A\i

S9Xlll'(OU 0 'Od3rll,lD 3rtnod?3 AUl S(l)U9 'SDlUl9X[1ortAodu

SI!Ald3rtu80X SUl I!rtog Ul !?Ald3rtu80X ,.!3AX3101tf" [OX 13Adno

-lrtUg lOX 13xA?'(3 nou S91nD lDAJ] 'Ar;OXlOlDX AOl nou DlA9 OlIOX

lDAl3 0D<? 'norto9x nOl OlUl9XllDrlAodu !!Aourlno Ul r;'(ou 0091 13X

-A?'(3 nOl urloAr;g U nou 'Slf'{OtflU3 SUl lOX SUDU1X!?lDX SUl 'r;orlo

-IAo'(oun r;0A31D nOl sou(l)d8AJ? 0 IOAJ3 'SOU(l)d8A\i s9Xlll'(oU 0«

" .. 'r;orlolA(l)AnlAD lOX surloAr;g SUD?XD 9uo

Uf>?rtAa,(um9 lDAl3 nouq>d8A\f r;OXlll'(OU nOl I!(l)l u..,,, :laouOlds

opwnp] 0 3D38? 01 S(l)UO, '''sort r;OrloUl'(OU nOl I!rtOllU3

AUl 13D?'(310UD 08 'sou(l)d8A\i s9Xlll'(oU 0 S91n\f 'sou(l)d8A\i S9X

-lll'(OU 0 IOAl3 'snadoln] owoH 0 '3rtr;ou so 'sou(l)d8A\i s9x[ln\l

o od3rtl!D 13D!?1<D 13X? 0loUO 010 OJ3rtUD od31q>AD 01 'Sq>XfllDn\l"

'omdr;omA «''':13Ar;<D

13X? 'ADurt~ 9x!Anrt Of>? 3D 13l nou SOUr;l SOAlUq>d8AD 0 1D){"

«'''AnOAr;3<D lOX IOlAOxd? 'AQ-oAdnOlrt

-ugoAD OllDX Ar;odulOdou 01 nou 10Ur;1 IOAlUq>d8AD 10 'ADurt~

OAlm»d8AD I?XUDlU'(3Uo Of>? 3D 13l SOU(l)d8AJ? 0 lOX" 'SDlAOl!?A

-31DoAD norl sO,(I<D 0 3Ul3 '«lou(l)d8AJ? 3lDortn"

'!?xldOlUd OXU81!1(l)doAD

«, .. :ADurt~ 9x!Anrt Of>? 3D 3rtr;Ol A3\l "'13m

-131(>13 13X? nou 5Ogl3 Of>? ADD 's9rtmAodxoAD

ADD lOl3Ar;OXD OA SI3AJ?X 01 :(l)Dq>DDlg AOl ON"

«'''Sl,llUlOU sOf>?rlodolOX l,l 5Od9d>od

-nDlD s9XldlA3){){3 'solA9,( sod9<DodlUOlg 'SI/lUA

-n3d3j3 S9xl'(oU 'SOAJ?rIoD SOAd?lAOrlo13rt 10013

OA S13'(98 AD SI3D~od>oUD oA 13U?dU 'ADurt~ 9X

-!Anrt Of>? 3D 13l llrt9XD nou nouqJd8AD nOl OAJ3X3

OU~ AOl Sl3DqJDDlg OA S[3'(98 S(l)U (l)llrloA qJA]"

'od31r;'(oX (l)U Ol oA oDf)odourt 08

A3\l «, ..A(l)lJ?riA.odli A(l)l lOX nom;od8AD nOl slfd>dorl

SlfAl8U'(0 SUl UD(l)JDXlg Ul olA OJA(l)An 0IW 'or!D9x

0A33!?dou r;'(ou ADf>? 3D AnOl nou OlA9 oA3~!?dou

r;'(ou 3lDorlJ3 u9 SD1Ul91D93g Slf)lllDOudoAnD SUl

llD(l)'(I!gX3 UAX3lA? AUl olA 1D1l3)l9dU 'nor!D9x n01

l!<Ddort U"?rtog3g U1 3rt lOX sort f)0lnD3 nOl l,ld>dort

U"?rtOg3g Ul 3rt ~l,ld l,l){l'(0 mrt 3D 13D!?1<D OA n0UD<9

'sumU'(llAD SU1 SI3mlf'{OlD)lodu S;!XllDgrl.rlD su 9XDlg

-OlD (l)Dl/UD oA nort !?1381?UDodu UAX311d311 AUl AnOl

-l/d<DX3 's3f>?rtADl3lAnD S31g1 SU nould3u MOX? 'nOl

OU9dl AOl 3rt Of>?80X 01 '13rhJ?dA (l)X? nou o!'(glg Dl

1D)l 0A3rlJ3X Ol 0'(9 s08J?g !?lD)l U9 (l)llrioA 'Sl3d?p

<<"" :AOlOW;>X 3D 91nD larh?rllDudx os n 3D 1O){ :31Our;>)l

SI3d?<DOlD)l Ol AD 'Sl3Dl?d<DX3 Dl oA SI3d?<DolDX os S(l)ll 10)1 :Sl3Dl!d13rt08n9 Dl oA S13f)3uox1 :nor!D<?)l

nOl oldl,llDflrl Dl olA Sq>X3AnD slad>J?dA JlDlA ~3 l)l"

'oAI,( (l)r!l?gd3url AOl oA olA 'qJAa

oUJ3 «"'lDlAOAJD<D nou 91nD lDAJ3 A3g nou A(l)lJ?rtAodu S13D<!JdlA

-3Mno S3XO'(Ur;'(OU S31AJ?1ll l/dou lDAJ3 A3g SOr!D9X 0 'l/XlDn<D 'OW"

'nort furlnox

Ol 3d3~H. «"':IDl3AI0<D nou 91nD IOAJ3 A3g SOr!D9X 0 'l,lgO'(U\l»

«" 'lDlAOAJD<!> nou 91nD lDAJ3 A3g ?lOU olDr\AJ;ldu Dl '3f>?,( Ol S(l)U 'nOl

sl,lmlI'(!lAD SUl snogw3rl S;3)l,\O'(UD Sll 9UD sUg<»lduwnrt om r;'(ou

lDAJ3 5Ou(l)d8AJ? S9Ald3rtuSOX 0 '.r;xbndx '119 (l)f}3lDlU 'nOl I!(l)l I/Ald -3rlu80x I!xllDnrl UlD A9 OAluq>d8AD Ol 3jlAAJ? A3g 5q>U3AnD '9XllUd

-(l)38 Ol 3Dod?U3~ A3g ?lOU [lassnH 0 9'('(0" 'oADrllfD3U3 '«oJDdO"

'orl(l)dxl? lOX I?'(UD '3u13 «"'9X[l

-(l)lgl 1O)l S?'(o<DDo 'S?Anurtno llJ?X (l)D9fl3)lDOlDX oA nort uo399du

AUl 13U?'(H '1?)lI13dlD<DO mOM? AUl Al,llnD 13U?'(9 oIAo'(oA3rloAlD<f)

H '"llluD" mOM? Alll lorlOAJ?9rlo'(llAD OA (l)AJ0 8ort 01l3U3, ',,nluo,, (l)l!?rtOAO Ol nou nOf>?rl13XllAD s9A3 mOM? AUl (l)l!?fl3XDolDX

'OrlAl3g!?dou mJ 'SUD389du SUl A(l)3D!?dg Aq>Mo A(l)l l,l<DodAld311

AUlD lD13lldOld3U [O)l UDldx AUl 13'('(?lDoAD 'oIAo'(oA3rloAlD<f) H»

'!?)lllXlDUld311 OUJ3 «'":q>Aa Dl <!J8d>U'(llAD Ol OA qJdouri oA

olA OrlAl3gl?dou 9x£1mdUlXDdox Of>? Sl3DqJg norl OA UD389du AUl

SI3x~"'umU'(!lAD AU19uo lX91O)l U0389du AUl9UD 'rlX •"OlDl'(I?W"

«"'ou91 3D OU91 9UO lD)l I!XOU3 3D I!XOU3 9UO 13d?<Dmg OlAJ?U

umU'(llAD H 'umU'(pAD AUl 9UO lX9 lOX UD389dll AUl 9UO lDlJ?ld033

SUDqJM SUl U3l/du U 'snoA9'(0A3rloA[O<f) snOl mJ 'umU'(llAD sorl

UA?rtoI8UAnD Ul AQ-OdU1AnD nou oJ3XlOlD Ol OAJ3X3 "UD38f>?doll"

3D [3l!?9 !?'(UO I?'('(o 'lDll3Ado A3g sog08?rl I!xlAo'(OA3rtOAlD<D H"

:Oldg?AnD 9)l

-.~ortugoXD 3D 3Df}0'(lrl OA ADD 3mX?AnD SOAJ3)l] '(l)U OA ODurl,(91

«"':3 'snog983rl Sll lOll3Ado nou 5Og08?rt 0lrt lDAJ3 (l)llrtoA '[ON"

«'" U~0'('(!?13rt

l!)lllUU'(llAD mrll3rhJ?dAld3u oA mA ',.l!UOd1Ol3rll,lxlAO'(0A3rlOAID<D"

Ul 3rl 0f>?rlolDlU3 3)lU81!'(0XDO 'ofchoDO'(c(/) lfxcA -O'(OA3rlOAIO(/) ocrl cox ofA.O'(OA3rlOAID(/) lfdoeo){

Dfrl DcA 53:;g/ nOl 0!,(919 OlD '[lassnH 0 '8161 01"

:3D39D9du SOAJ3)l] 'q>Aa oXU81!1(l)doAD «'":31OUP 9A18u,(0

3rlnoAJd)l OA UD?8 3D 3lDOrtJ3 A3g ll9 Ol SI30M]"

'nort 5O,(I<D 0 3)lU8

-l!l(l)dOAD «"':"SUDld)l SUl Slf'{OlDOAD" SUl SOlUl

-9lDMg SUl ~dollf} AUl 390'(9AnD 'OAn3d? l,lXI<D

-oOO'(I<D S(l) lOX OlDIO'(U 9)l£1ud(l)38 S(l) '[lassnH

nOl DyiO'(OA3rlOACD(/) U [19 Sl3llrlOA '1!'(3lADU"

«0 nOAHlKOS Av8pwnos oev XpelOZetOl epnv€U­

on KOI onpeloAoyia». €ine 0 KaMs pou q>iAos oxeoov auompo. «olae wpaies loees KOI eKKe­

VtPIKO naneviolO. OUte yomeunKo puompla KOI e€epeuvnoels. etAel va tou oei€els q>wtoypaq>ies. ol€USUvoels. mMq>wva. etAel eva xanOKl. va to

KOlamei. va to KOlaAO~el OAa KOI enena va aoxoAn8ei pe Kon oMo. mo emKepoes. Hpels twpa. 8tAel va to oel oAa oe pIa tOlvia. ylO va

pnop€l pelo va to KpHlKopel oUpq>wva pe ns

oteves nen0l8noels tou. KOI enena va to to€lVO­

pnoel ~laOllKo oupq>wva pe ns onOles npaKnK€s

tous Aelloupyies. KOI va leAeIWVoupe...»

«Tote oev xpelOzetOl touS auyypaq>€is. eeAel onpoolOypOq>OUs

KOI q>appaKonolous... » €ina eyw KOq>IO.

«Avn8elws... XpelozelOl IOUS ouyypaq>eis eKdvous nou 8a KavOUV toy Kono Yla Aoyaplaopo tou. Tous ovnnpoownous IOU. touS aneOlaApevous IOU OlOV KOOPO ms yvwons. eKeNOUS nou 8a Moouv 010 napaoKnvlo to pUOlnplO KOI 8a emOlp€1pOUV 010 npooKnvlo pe mv elOlpn Man lOUS. KOlaAa~aivels; XpelozelOl npoq>ntes n aoruvoplKoUS, yKOUpOU n olKnyopous. Kovevas oev exel mv ovoxn Yla lOUS e€epeuvmes. nooo paMov Yla lOUS AOYo­le}(Ves tou <povlaonKou ... »

Eixe OiKIO.

«Na noel va nVly€i 0 nOAHlKOS Av8pwnos! fj,ev pe vOlozel ... »

dna teAlKo. xlUnWVtOS m yp0810 pou navw 010 IpaneZI.

«Evto€el. pnv lOy xrunos!. .. » €ine 0 q>iAos pou yeAWVtOs.

«Hpels, 8a to ypmpw oAa aUla nou Mpe, Yla va lOU oei€w etOl mv neplq>povnoft pou ... » €ina. «Etal KI aMlws, KI autOS 0' exel ypoppevo... » €ine 0 q>iAOS pou. auvexizovtas va yeAoel. «fj,ev npoKellOl va to ola~OOel... »

<<Apa oAa eJvOl pOtma; To payJKO oUpnov exel xaael to nOlxvlol; ...» «KOla KonOlO tpOno... 'Opws, etOl Kl aAAIWS eoU].Ie la ypamo oou

auvit8ws aneuSUveoOl mous a.AAous. mov avSpwmvo €KeNO runo nou Z€l oe eva ].IayJKO oU].Inav, nou e:Nm e:i50s uno 6<},elljln. Dvm

oov va toXUOPO].l€is YPOp].lOla ma apKouooKla nOvta, mous fj,p6J<ous tou KOpOVIO n mous q>aAa-

KpOKOpOKe:S.. :1i KOI. OKO].ln xelpOtepa, mous nnya-

OOUS Kill OlOUS KevlaupOUS...» AUIO 10 leA€UlO10 10

€ine ].Ie ].IeyOAn oo~apomto, xWpls va yeAOel. Autos nlOV 0 tponos lOU Yla va ne:l on eivOl ].IOtOlO va ypoq>oupe: ov oev pnopou].Ie: va aMa€ou].Ie lOY

7 .\-.

KOopO ypoq>OVtos. 0 KOOPOS oev 8tAel va

aMo€el, Kl evas auyypaq>eas Oev ].Inop€i va lOy

aMo€el pe 10 ZOPI, pnopei povoxa va ].IOVOAO­yei oe eva KUKewva ana oe:NOes KOI napaypo­

q>ous. xopevos 010 Aa~upJV80 tWV ].IuOlnpiwv Yla to onoia oev vOlOZetOJ KOV€iS.

'O].Iws. ylO nepi].leve: pIa otlYJ.ln. OAO autO eivOl eva znm].la nou oev ].Ie evoJOq>epel Ka80Aou. Eyw Oev lO ~Mnw etol. ..

«<piAe. twpa oKeq>tnKa on OAO autO eNOl eva znm].la nou oev ].Ie evolaq>epel Ka80Aou. Hpels,

eyw oev 10 ~Mnw etal ...»

«fj,ev exel on].laoia nws 10 J3Mnels eoU. onpaoia

exel nws oe ~Mnel auIO... » €lne 06AIO.

«OXI. Yla ].leva oe:v exe:1 Kapia on].laoia... »

«AUlO eivOl uneKq>uyn ...» «OXI oev eNOl. MOAIS Su].ln8nKa KOtl. To ].IayJKO oU].Inov €ivOl ].IUOllKO... » «MaAlma... » €ine: KOI e].le:lve: OKemIKOs. To e€tAaj3a oov ].Ila ony­

].In aouvopias KOI nepaoa omv eni8eon: «0 nOAHlKOS Av8pwnos oev VOlozelOl YI' aulO, enelon eNOl puonKo an' auIOV. EivOl tOOO ].IUonKo. nou oev to exe:l Kav un'

01jJIV tou! To €epe:ls KaM aulO! Enelon eivOl aulOS nou €iVOl, n

npooj3aon OlOV MaylKO Koopo, toU €iVOl anayopeu].levn. fj,es lO

oav ].Ila OlKAeioa aoq>aAeias lOU MaylKOU Koopou. eva oUom].la npoolOoias ano lOy nOAHlKO Av8pwno KOI ano ns OKOtelVes

ouvOpels nou tOV KOlavmoov etal. .. EivOl e€oplmos ano to ].Iayl­KO oU].Inov. KOI 8a napapeNel e€oplmos ov oev aMa€e:l. ov Oev petaMax8ei oe Kon KOIVOUplO... »01 av8pwnOl nou KUKAOq>Opouv ovopeoa ].las KOI napOlnpouv

evov MaylKO Koopo. Oev €ivOl eva €ioos uno tUel1jJn -].Ila OK€1pn nou EtOl Kl aANws €ivOl anAa KUVIKn- eNOl navta eva veo €loos ov8pwnou. ].IetaMaypevo. etOlpO va aq>noe:l m j3apeln KOI eAey­xopevn q>WAIO lOU KOI va nelo€el oe veous opizovtes... 0 ].Ieta€o­OKWAnKas nou onoel 10 KOUKOUAl IOU KOI yivetOl ne:taAouoa... » «MaAlma... » €ovaeine eK€lvos. oov va €ixe xa8€i j3a8lo mous

auMOylopOUS lOU. KOtI an' autO nou €ina toy €ixe napaoupel aMou. Luvexloa:

«0 veos avepwnos, 0 lOlaitepos av8pwnos. 0

pelOMaypevos. €unvael eva npwi KOI j3Mnel on o KOOPOS anOteAeitm ano povOnOtla, to iOlO Kl 0 eOWteplKOs IOU KOOPOS -nou €ivOl 0 ioJOs KOopOS. eOW nou to Mpe. 0 KOopOS Oev anote­AeitOl ana Kampa Ola onoia nptnel 0 av8pwnos va KAelOlei KOI va OpYOVOOe:l mv OlKovopia IOUS KOI va e:opOlwoel mv eq>rupe:oft toU ms nOAmKns Aelloupyias. 0 KOopOS anoteAeitm ano povono­na, eNOl novtou, KOI oAa IOUS oonyow pOKpIO.

»01 VeOl aurof avepwnol, aq>ou nepmAovn80uv

'{la Myo npoona8wvtas va KOlaMJ3ouv m yea elKova. teAIKo aKoAou80uv eva ana ta povono­

na nou oonyouv om pn€n ].Ie lO OJK€iO. AvaKaMmouv teAeiws KOIvoupyla np6Y].lalO. Eq>appozouv pla zwvtovn napaoo€OAQ­

via: m pe806oAoyia tOU Ayvwmou! MIa ].Ie806oAoyia omOIOKns e€epewnons tWV OyvWolWV neploxci>v. nov. onws autO nov eA€­ye:s '{la m "q>OIVopevoAO'{lKn ].IetOlponn", KOlaAityel omv npo­

on68elo va ne:plypaq>d pla ovnAnmlKJ1 p€toMa€n ... » «MOAIOlO... »

,:Enena, €ovoyupvouv Yla Myo om Kompo tWV nOAHlKWV Av8pwnwv, ~Mnouv nMov IOV KOO1JO pe oMa poua, OXI pe m AeHoupyia ms KOlVWVIKO em~aMopevns Kpions, aMo pe pIa vea opaon, npOOplO1Jevn va napampei m pe8000Aoyia IoU Ayvwmou. AAn8ela, nws va ].IeI08rooels oe KonOlOv eKei, epnelpies nou oxedZOVtOl pe pIa temla pe8000Aoyia; nou va nauloels peoa OIO fvwmo, Yla va neplyp61pels IO Ayvwom; Auto pOlozel va eiVOl m npo~An­].10 OAWV tWV vewv ov8pwmvwv npow8npevwv "e€epeuvnnKrov anoomArov", onws amn nou tOOO auxvo npoona8oupe va KOvoupe Kal va oIKalroooupe...»

"LOU apeoel va nepmAovleoOl om puoulpJO...» eine teAlKO 0 cpiAOS pou, unovorovIOs on iows npouv onAO evas aKopn eKKe­VtPIKOS. "KOl enelOn Oev eiOOl 0 povos, autO iows va auvlma pia Texvn ms nepmAOvnons. As noupe, autOS nou mv e€aoKei, nepl­nAovlerm ].IeXpl va evtonioel IO pumnpla ma onoia 80 nepmAa­vn8ei. KaM, e; Auto, opws, apoye oev eivOJ eva na80s Yla toUS Aaj3upJV80us; ... »

"nod OX1; Hpels KOu nou va pnv dvm Aaj3upJV80s, mn pIa n mnv aMn popcpn; To aud pou nou 0' OKouel aum m onypn, eJVOl evas Aaj3upJV80s, 0 eYKecpoMs pou nou OKeqlIetm autO nou AeS eivOl evas Aaj3upJV8os, n iOla pas n auzilmon eivm Aa~upIV8roons, n yAroooa eivOl evas Aa~upIV80s ono OUVoua01Jous, MOles, eKcppaoels, uno­vooupeva. To KelpevO nou ypocpw eivOl evas Aaj3upJV80s. H no..m pas eIvOl evas Aaj3upIV80s. 0 KOO1JOS OAOS eival 0 ummos Aaj3u­pIV8os, KrnW ono tOY 80AO tOU Aa~upiv8ou toU LUpnovros. 'OAa autO, POlOZOW va npoun08etow pIa Texvn ms nepmAOvnons...»

"Itpels Kau; Ynopxel eva npoj3..mpa. Mia Texvn ms nepmAOvn­ons, npoun08etel KOJ auV10IO eva eioos xapmypacpias. Llnpl­oupyei evov xopm. KOJ 0 xapms npoun08etel pia AOYJKn ova­yvwon. 10lahepa ov 8tAels va pemorooels OtoUS aMous Kon ano oAa autO. AutO oe Kavel va emOIpecpels oro iOla povonaua ms KOJVns OVtlAIlIjlns... »

Tou opeoe va evtonizel novIOU npoj3Mpora. q>uoIKa, IOU apeoe KOI va 8etel OlovonuKes npoK1noels. WuxpOlpa, apya KOJ opya­vwnKo, auvexlOe m OKennKO IOU: "AutoS nou 8eAel va nepmAovn8ei Yla va OVOKOAU1j1el np6ypmo e€w ono mv nenompevn, om teAOs ms nepmAOvnons, 8eAel Oe 8uel, exel evov xopm ms nepmAOvnons IoU. KOJ enel6il oev pno­pei va pemowoel OIOUS aMous mv nepmAOvnon, npenel va pem­orooel toy xapm ms... EmnMov, Ko8e cpopa nou oKecptetOl mv nepmAOvnon IOU, OUOlaonKa oKecptetOl IOV xapm ms... »

"MONOIO...», eina, ocpou eixe ep8el n oelpa pou Yla va napa­aup8w oe auMoYJ01Jous. EKeiVOS oweXloe aKa8eKms: "Ka8e cpopa nou 8eAoupe va cptoooupe oe eva pepos, 8eAoupe eva xapm pe auYKeKplpeva KOJ Ka8apo onpeio ovacpopos, Yla va pn xa80upe. Llev pnopoupe va ~poupe dnme xwpis m ~on8ela tou xapm. AutO nou oupj3aivel teA1KO eivOl, OU m povo npOypa nou ~Mnoupe eivOl 0 xopms. Avd va oou].Ie autO nou unapxel Yla va ooupe, EYKOtaAeinoupe KonroVtoS tOY xopm nou ].Ietocpepoupe peoa ].los. Apa, n uoto­m C)]8aOKaMa IoU MaylKou Koopou 80 npenel va eivOl eKeivn nou 80 pas w8ei va onoooupe autn pas m ,Bej301omto nou pas napex€1 0 xapms, va K01j10U­

pe emmopevo to oeopo nou pas Kpmouv ma yvworo onpeia ovacpopos... no va pnopoupe va acpnooupe mv oup~onKo

KOO1JO KOJ va 60upe toy MOYIKO Ko01Jo ... »

"Xp ... MOAlOto... »

"LnozovtOS m yvwmo onpeia ovocpopas -nou oe peyaAo j3a8po unoompizOvtol nMov ono OAWV tWV elOrov ns vopoAoyies­onpaivel on onas toUS vopous. EioOl napavopos!'Exels npoj3Anpa pe tOV Nopo. Auto nou nopoKoAou8eis KOJ petOOioels eiVOl eKtOS vopou ... »

"NOl. KOl, tropo nou IO OKecptopOl, oev eiOOl mo 0 nOAltlKOS Av8pwnos. BpioKeoOl OIOV MOYlKO Ko01Jo ...»

"AKplj3WS... AMo ~piOKeoOl KOJ oe nMpn oouvopia va nepl­yp61pels on6ilnme on' autO nou j3Mnels KOJ KmoAo~ojvels, oe onolOvonnme aMov. As to noupe mo owma:lows j3pioKeoal va nepmAovleoOl mov eOWtepIKo oou KOO1JO, mv onoio exels e€wte­plKeuoel vUpw oou.'lows 0 MOYIKOS Ko01JoS va eiVOl autOS OKpl­,Bros 0 eOWteplKos KOOj.lOS nou yiVetOl e€WteplKos, oMo oxeuKo OlacpopenKos ylO IOV Ka8eva, anepiypamos, OV10tOpmos. AAAa eiVOl eKtOS vopou, Kl autO onploupyd noMa npoj3Mpma... » eine o KoMs pou cpiAOS, KOJ €epoj3n€e pe vonpa. "EivOl eKtOS IOU vopou ms Ka8npepJVns npaypam<omtos... »

Koha€a oMyupo pou. lIJj8UP100: "MiAa mo Olya, pnopei va pas aKouoel KOVevOS ...»

Meivope Yla Alyo OlwnnAoi. Nuxtwve, KOJ n ~poxn ouvexlze va necpteJ. ..

IMAGO MUNDI (&IKOVD TOU K00J.l0U)'. E'. xw pnpomo pou eva j31~Aio. Llla~ozw eva evolOcpepov nepl­

.; l.0tonKO nou nepH~XetOl oro j31~Aio Xapres KaJ 'OveJpa IOU Hugh Brody (Maps and Dreams: Indians and the British Columbia Frontier):

K~6' mv J<moOl<eun plas YP01Jpns oywyrov ons ~opeles neploxes ms BpelOVlKns KOAop~ias, EylVOV noMes ouvovlnoels IWV pnXOVl­KroV KOJ twv Ku~epvmlKrov napa­yOVIWV, KOJ pIa pepa n el01KJ1 ennponn emOKecpmKe pia ono­].IOKpU01Jevn KOIVOmtO 18oye­vrov. nopouoiaoov 10 znmpa mous apxnyous KOJ 01 pnxovI­Koi tauS eOel€ov noMous xap­tes, ov6peoa tOUS Km tonoypa­CPIKOUS xaptes pe to xwpla taUS, to POVOnrnla Kwnylou, ns nayi­oes nou xpnOlponolouoov 01

18ayeveis. 1<.0. 01

J.Jnxavll<Oi n8clav

va nepooel 0 ayroyos ano TIS neploxes TroV 18ayevwv. Ka8ws n ouve­

opiaan TOUS eqHave 010 teAOS ms. I<mt<p8aoe pia opooa oo<pWv 18a­

yevwv nou pet€<pepe tva lepo O€pa. To €eruAJ€av pe peyOAn npooo­

xn 1<01 anol<OAUljJav 010US pnXOVll<mJS evav Xapm Ovefpou. o xopms OUtOS tOlve TO nAflpes vonpa TOU oeOjJou ms opooas pe mv TOn08eoia 1<01 TO napeA80v. KI OI<opn neplOootepo: ntav

1<01 tvas xopms nou xpnoipeuoe Yla va oonyei TOUS vel<pous mov oMo 1<00jJ0. EmnMov. 0 xopms evrove TOV oupavo pe m yn.

TO napeA80v pe {o napov -unoAoyizovms eva pn YPOjJPII<O

xpovo- TOV Ov8prono pe mv TOn08eoia. TOV 1<00jJ0 trov oveiprov

pe TOV 1<00jJ0 trov l<a8npeplvwv yeyovotrov. Ta ptAn ms ennponns

oev I<mOAaj3av anoMtros I<aveva ana m j3a8utepa vonpma

OUTOU TOU xopm, 1<1 eml. a<pou TOV 8aUpaoav Aiyo, OpXIOav va

pazeuouv m np6ypmo TOUS Yla va <puyouv. 01 18ayeveis olOjJap­

wpfJ8nl<av. MyovtoS TOUS Otl. e<p6oov {ous toel€av TOV xopm, 0

'lOpos TOUS unoxptrove va al<oAou8fJoouv wpnavol<pouoies 1<01

tcleTOupYII<O tpayOUOIO...

H ennponfJ trov pnxavll<wv nou I<maoKeUazav {oV ayroyo zouoav

oe evav nOAltIl<O KoOjJo. 01 oo<poi 18ayeveis zouoav oe evav

Mayll<O KoOjJo. 01 pnxavll<oi n8eAav va nepooel tvas ayroyos TOU nOAJUI<OU

KoOjJou mov MayJl<o KoOjJo.

ENA MAnKO PABAI ITHN EPHMO THI nPArMATIKOTHTAI

H<puAfl trov AmiAnas. pia ana ns <puMs trov ApOvm Apnopi­

tZIV ms AumpaAias. exouv eva noM evola<ptpov 1<00jJ0YO­

, '111<0 pOVttAO. Lup<prova pe m pu80Aoyia

mus. tva 8ell<o 0'1 nou {o ovopozouv Nou­

oia. 01 AmiAnas mv pem<ptpouv pazi IOUS mls nepmAa­

vnoels mus, 1<01 ano<paoizouv npos nolO I<meU8uvon 8a

I<Ivn80Uv avaAOya pe IO npos m nou ytpvel 0 nOAOS I<aee

<popa. 'Eml, POlaZel oav va naizel TOV pOAO plas tepa­

O1las napaoo€ns nu€ioas. AKoAouElWvtOS mv lWon TOU,

o nOAos mus ennpenel -nap' OAes ns ouvexeis petOl<IVn­

oels TOUS- va j3piOl<oUV nOvTOte TOV eouto TOUS 010'1

«l<oOjJo {ous». AMa tOUtoxpova napOjJtvouv 1<01 oe em­

1<0IVrovia pe IOV oupavo 010'1 onoio e€a<pavimnl<e 0 Nou­

pnOl<OUAa. Av 0 nOAos OnaOel, autO anpaivel P€yOM

I<ma01po<pn YJa m Aao, 1<010 I<OnOlO tpono autO 8a

ofJpalVe w «teAOS TOU I<oopou».

H yn nptnel va «l<oopIl<onom8ei» pe mv nOAo. Yla va

pnopci va eNOl l<aIOll<nOlpn. 0 I<oopos, YJa TOUS AmiMas. yive­

ml 0 «l<oOjJos mus» povo mo j3a8po 1<01 am nAaiOla nou ava­

nap6yemJ 0 I<oopos nou opyavw8nl<e 1<01 l<a8aylo01nl<e ana wv

Noupnal<OUAa. KI OUtOS oplO8etehOl 1<01 eopmwvetOl povo ano

{oV lepo nOAo. l1ev pnopoUv va znoouv xropis autOV mv I<aeem

a€ova, 0 onoios e€ao<paAizel 1<01 eva «OvOlypa» npos mv unep­

<pUOlI<O I<oopo, evw naptxel 1<01 IOV npooavmoAlopo TOUS mov

xwpo. Av outn n ena<pn pe IOUS oupavous anol<onci, 1<01 {o

oUompa npooavmoAJopou 1<01 «I<ooponoinons» Olal<Onei. n

unap€n mov I<oopo oev 8a eiVOl ma ouvmn. 01 AmfAnas 8a xa8oUv, 8a aopavnoouv 1<01 8a ne8Ovouv...

H Iota evos napa€evou Aaou -trov AmiAnas- nou peml<lVehOl

omv epnpo pe pia pem<puOll<n «avteva» nou <plloxvel I<oopous

1<01 nou anmeAeJ to aAn81V0 I<evtpo ms unap€ns TOUS, OPOAOYW

on pe ev80UOlaZel nopa noM.

'Eva IjJnAO payJl<O paJ30i nou petOjJop<pwvel mv e€rotepll<n npay­

poul<omm 1<01 m Oll<WWVel pe mv eorotepll<n npaypaul<omm,

omv onoia I<moll<eJ aAn81Va 0 Ov8pronos. Mia nu€ioa nou pemA­

Aoooel mv Omll<n IOU I<oopou, mv I<Ovel I<mavomo. e€nynOlpo.

eml<OlvrovfJOlPO. npooj3oOlpO. q>tloxvel 1<00jJ0 ptoa mo xoos.

OUOlaOnl<a. np0l<enOl YJa pia Auopevn aopam nOAn (evav a6pa­TO nOAJIlopo). nou pEIOI<IVeJtOl 1<01 eYl<a81opuetOl el<eJ nou uno­oel)(Vuel to I<lvmo l<evtpO ms, 0 nOAos IoU 1<00jJou. n nu€ioa ms

npaypanl<omms. TO opmo j3eAnVel<ts ms av8pwmvns avdMljJns.

AMa 1<01 pia petOl<lvoupevn «LI<OAa IoU lal<wJ3». ana mv onoia

e€a<pavioml<e 0 onplOupyos evos «IOlronI<OU I<oopou» npos IOUS

oupavous, 1<01 tOUtoxpova pia payll<n oiooos npos IO unep<pUOl­

1<0, nOvro ano m <puon. npos IO avwtepo neoio nou al<oAou8ei

ano IjJnAO TO I<mwtepo m:oio.

H J3eMva evos ml<on npaypmll<omtrov IoU MlI<P0I<OOPOU, oe

ouvexn ena<pn pe mv Mal<pol<0opo. n avte­

va evos neplj3aMovnl<ou pavtOp. to ol<n­p~"aKou}.a, onploupynoe {oV «I<OOpo» ms neplO­ mpo trov 8ewv (oav el<eNO nou j3amoUv O1IS xns TOUS. t<ptla€e wus npoyovous wus 1<01 iopuoe ell<oves 01 j3aOlAeis, IO Ol<nmpo om eva xepI IOUS 8eOjJous 1<01 ns napaoooels mus. 1<01 m o<paipa TOU I<oopou 010 oMo). 'Evas o Noupnal<OUAa t<ptla€e tvav lepo nOAo. evav OUVOjJII<OS nOAos, evas nepmAavwpevos OruAO nou TOV l<amOl<euaoe ano IOV I<OPPO evos mUAos. oav m oEopn ev6s <pal<ou nOvro mov paooxooevtpou. Tov tomoe am toa<pos, ol<ap<po­ xopm. pEoa om Ol<mOol: 0 xopms yivetOl Arooe nOvro TOU ptXPI IOV oupavo. I<al e€a<pavi01n­ npaypmll<OS povo mo onpeJo nou IOV I<Ovel 1<e. Autos 0 IEPOS not-os, 0 anJAOS, avnnpooroneU­ opmo m <pros. 0 unoAomos xopms &v EI YI' aumus tOV KOOJ.1IKO 6€ova. ylOd m01eUouv on eivOl I<oopos, eJVOl j3u810jJtvos 010 Ol<mool. povoxa vUpro tOU n yn yivetOl I<mOll<nOlpn 1<01

pEtOjJop<pWvetm OE «1<00jJ0». fJ' OUtOV IOV Myo. 0 01 Aroit-nas unoompizouv on f!piOKOVlaJ OE nOAos €Xel Yl' OUIOUS peyoAn teAeIOupYll<n onpa­ ouvexn ena<pn pe to ovm nou eloepXOVtOl

II

mov KOO]JO rous ano pia «nuM», nou oJavoiyerOl, oro reAos KoSe oeMvJaKou pnvo, OKPI~ooS nOvoo ano mv Kopucpn rou mUAou rous orov oupavo. 01 neploxes rous eivOl nOvro yepotes ana ~paxoypacpies

nou onelKovlzouv autO W ovw. Ol elKoves eiVOl tautOOnpEs pe []S elKoves roov OVtooV nou mov OunKo KOO]JO ovopozoupe Grays (rxpfzous) nAliens (H:vous).

ENAIovpovno ITHN IPAANdlA ~.Mnopei va cpavoo npOKOlelAnppevos, aMo ano CAO W loon-

KO (la E€oo-tlKO, autO nou epXOVtOl "ono e€oo») nponpoo la : I IpAavOIKO. DVOI mo puornpJooon ana rous em~ores roovI. ... UfO, eivOl AlYOtepo oKOlelvo ana la oKoowezlKo avdmOl­xo {OUS, eiVOl mo opopcpo ana rous Tylwyth Teg (fair family) ms OuoAios, mo eUyEVn ana la Pixies ms KOpvouoAns, AlYOtEPO ou­OXEllZOpEVO pE rous VEKpOUS ono rous Korrigons ms BpetOvns, AI­YOtepo CPPIXH) anow pe€IKOvIKO Avopyavo'Ovla KOI rous LuPPO­xous IOU Castaneda, AlyOtEpO poxSnpo ana rous ApeplKavous Deros tOU Shaver, KOI oo<poos mo aAnSJVo ana la EllnvlKo €oo[]KO. I:1EV avocpepopOl ala nOlOlKou pEyeSous €ootlKOKIO rou OlVEpO, OUtE ons PlKpoOKomKes VEpojOOUAES tooV nOPOJ.luSJooV, ollo OE EKEivn rnv pumnplooOn cpUM tooV fairies, nou onoKOAOUVlaJ nOl­KlAOlponoos oos Tuatho De Danann, Sidhe, Good People, n, onoos toUS onoKoAouoe nopoooOlOKO 0 Fairy Doctor pe toy onoio OUVOplAOUOO eva opopcpo ooupouno omv e€oxn toU Sligo ms IpAavoios: The Gentry (OJ fuyevefs, OJ Apxovres). Ioupounoove KOI ~OOiZO]JE ayKoze, ouzmoovlOS xO]JnAO<pwvo, npos roy payJKO Mcpo IOU Ben Bulben, (YJo roy onoio eXEl ypOlpEJ tooO noMa 0 William Butler Yeats), KI eyoo nxoypocpouoo rn CjlOOvn rou: "nav, ano EOoo So nOpE, n OlaOpopn nou OKOAOUSEiS eXEl onpooio OE aura lO npOypmo. eo oos. 0 Aaos auras (this folk) ENm 0 mo peyoAElooOns nou exoo OEl. ThOl KOla noM avootEPOl ano EJ.lOS, Km YJ' auro lOUS oVOPOZOUPE The Gentry. EivOl OPlolOKporEs. Thmoo .plO mpauoonm aplmoKponm ro€n, EivOlljJnAOi KOl pE euye­yeS napouOlaonKo. Eivm plO €exooplmn <puN! avCrpeoa om OIKJ1 pas CPUN! Km OE OUTJ'lv roov nvEUpOtoov, onoos 01 iOlol pou exouv nEI. To npooovlO lOUS eivm KOlanAnKHKo. "eo pnopouoO]JE va anOKOljJoU­].lE ro PIOO av8pwmvo Yf:vOS", Einav, "ollo OEV StAou].le va ro KOvOU]JE. nEpl].levOU].lE m Mrpooon pas". Km €epoo f:vav OvSpoono nou, nplV ana tpiO-reooEpo XpOVlO, lOV epl€av K0100 ].lE napoAuon. H opoon lOUS eivm rooo OIEloouHKn, nou VO].liZelS OH ].lnopoUv va oouv KOl ].leoo am yn. 'Exouv ].llO KpumoMJVn cpooVll, aonpf:vJo, ].leAooOIKn, ypnyopn KOI yAuKIO, oxe06v rpayoUOJom. H poumKil nou noizouv Eivm n mo o].lopcpn ].lOUOlKn nou eXEIS OKOU­OEJ nore oou. MnopoUv va nopouv OACKMPO lO ooopo tooV VEooV Km OlavOOUpEVooV avSpoonoov nou elVOl EVolacpepoVlEs y{ aumus, KOl va pElOmolxElc.i>­oouv ro ooo].la mus oe ooopo oav lO OIKO lOUS. 00»

Ie aMes enoxEs, mnv lpAavoio 01 Ovepoonol mus e~Aenav auvexElo, KOl AemO].lepeis ].loprupies avo­<pep6vlOuoav ouvexoos, KOl ouxvo OKolln rous ~M­

now, ollo nMov n nimn OE autO ro npOyparo 8eoo­pEIrOl y€1\oio, KI etOl OEV ylvOVlOl mo avacpopes ].lap­ruPlooV YJ' aurov lOV ACyO. npenEI va eiOOl noM exe­].luSOS KOl npooEKHKOS, YJO va oou ].lWlOEI KOnOlOS avOlXtO YJO autO...

H 1\oionGregory, nou am napeASov ouvEAeye JalOpiES automoov pop­rupoov KOI liS Kareypo­cpE mo ~J~Aio ms, OEV XpEJOZOtav va EpEuvn­oel 10JaIrEpO, OEV eixE napa va KOvEI ].l10 nEplnynon mov tono ms, KI ourE unnpxE 101­OirEpos olmaypos yJa va ouzmnSei KOtI nou e~Aenav KOI ~ioovav rooOl noMoi. flo nopooEIWO, va n einE n Kupio Sheridan am 1\oion Gregory: "nOle Oev ei6a CPoo[]O va ave~olveJ OtOV oupav6 [evvod ra .Aeyo­peva «Fairy Lights»), oMo am 8600s nepo ana m Roheen noM OUXVO J3Mnoo K011 oav nopla va avoiyel peoo am VUXla, KOI m cpoos va AOpneJ ana ].leoo ms, onoos OKPl~ooS AO].lnEI ].leoo ana mv nopro evos onmou n AOpno KOl n cpoono ana lO rZOKl. 00 An6 eKei epxovrOl Aura!. noMous ono Auraus exoo OEI, ENOl oav KJ EpOS oMo CPOpOvE nopo€EVo pouxa, KOI lO ooo].lolo lOUS OEV eivOl tOOO orepeo 600 m OIKO ].las, KOI la ].lOHO lOUS eivOI nOAu mo AOJ.lnEpo ano la OIKO ].las. 'OAOl lOUS EXOUV eva rooo OIElO­OurlKO J3Ae].l].lO, nou eivOI oav va OE OlonEpvOoo.»

'Hrav ooupouno mov MayJKO K6O]Jo ms lpAav6ios, vUXtooVE Km KavEis 6EV Sa nopampoUOE [] OJOOpO]JoHzorav EKE!. aros av m €ljJOXVE OKOm].lo].lE mv npoSEon va m ~pEJ, KOI va lO nopOlnpnOEl.

TO XAIMA ANAMEIA ITOVI KOIMOVI· 'bOpXEJ plO oioSnon EVOXlnonS nou moopElIOl nOvoo ana OAO '0 Ira Sepmo nou OXErlZOVlOJ].lE roy MaylKO KOO].lo. EirE npOKEl­

. • ; rOl ylO JoeoAJO]Jous, ].lUaUKIO]JOUS, evaMoKnKes npaypoll­Y. KOtmEs, puornplo Km ].luSOUS, UfOs, opOpolo, €ooUKO, Ie­VOUS, Seous, q>UVtoO]JOlo, OVEJpa, EVollOKlIKes KOlOOtOOels ouvei­onons, E€ooooopOlJKeS EpnElpiEs, EVoMOKuKn yEooypocpio, EvaMo­KtlKes KOO]JOSEoopiES, Sau].lomes OyvoomE:S lKavomtES IOU av8poo­nou, Km IOOO].lO tOOO oMo, nme 6EV npoKeHOl yJO a&ooef3aara Be­

para. Lnavioos avocpepovrOl n OXOAJOZOVlOl ano aumus nou So ].lnOpOUOO]JE va nou].le OH eNOl 01 Enion].lOl cpopEis Kl EKnpoooonol ms KOUAlOUpOS pas, onoos 01 oKoonpolKoi, Ol J3POj3euPf:vOlOlavO­oUllevOJ, OJ Emmn].lOVES, OJ EKKMoiES, n oEj3oorn on].loOloypocpio, KAn. KOJ OKO].ln KOJ orav f:vOS Em­orn].lovos ro avocpepeJ emoo KOI EAOXJorO, lO KOvEI n6Vlo YlO va ra opvnSei n va ro OJOIjJEUOEJ. Auta ra np6YJ.!mo SeC1lpouvlOl oe5Uvmo, ave<pJ­KtO, oniSavo, avunOpKtO, rc iOlO KOl 0 KOapOS mov onoio EivOl ouvmo, EcplKro, meavo. unop­Kro: 0 MaylKOS KoO]Jos. Av OJ OvSpoonOl uno­ompizouv OU exouv OEI, VlooOEJ n znoEl KOU ana auto, mov MayJKO KoO]Jo, rorE aurci OJ OvSpoo­

II

'(florlo9>I ~Q)uAoW flOl UD~dJ U ljlUOADlOX [3AIA OA pdourt

!).OOIOUO AOOl OOD~rt AOOAl3X3 Aq>3g1 AOOl SUDfl'(9AD SOIAo'{og083rt

SDlrt ljAooAoDl3 U J;>dou [OAp A3g 9XUDDlDflO 'Soorto, 'UDlA}qDOdu

l}X[dJODO'([dJ u~rtu[OUOXlgooX 0lrt SOO 1,1 'OldoAu'('(D 1,1 l,l'(og'odou

UAX31ld3U Dirt soo P8UOA OA pdourt od8dJ;> 91flD 0A33J;>dou 9X

-[rtog Ol U9 S019AOAaA flOl UDUg!3AOO Udl,l'{u OOX~ 'r;noo D,(9 ,doU)

"'ood~3 nou O~l ~r1.n3doAouoO[U U lOAJ3 9100 1O>I 'SOld

-od>o'(>l(l){ I}xmd3u I,llOO'{U mrt 'Aq>rlonaXDOO omxl9 OD3r1.J?lgA3 o~

'Aq>!AOOAIOXlU3 s3dn~A 9uo 0193u o~ 'suollAl).3d3j3 0lg3u O~A o~

1013AJh 'sflorlo9>I SflOlD DD3r1.J?AV orto9X 01 'lDl],

'AoortD9x o~g AOOl [Ox J;>xuDnrt 0,{9A3rt Ol 'so

-[3X~AOO Sul Sl}lflD 9xuDflrt D,(9A3rt Dl 130AD1DX

Dlxfl3dJ9uoAV 'SPX3AOO SOO 13DldxUAD SflOl OA

pdourt [Ox 'Aoorto9x 0~9 AOOl [Ox 0~8 I}XllUfl'(OX 'p;: -ouo AUl sOlou9x 13zlgd3X 'florto9>I ~oxlAoW nOl

, ~ SUDUA~3d333 SUl Sl,llflD s~xOld3U s~A£dxort sU1

'orto9x AOl 9uo OD3r1.J?AD flortD9x

• I)0XllDflrt flOl 'SUDUgPAflD SUAlUq>d8AO SUl

AOOlJ?rtflD8 AOOl S9AOOA£OX 10l3AJA flOU [OX 'Aq>39[

AOOl flor!D9x flOl DlU191dulDOdg ul 13dulDdou

flOU 'SOlADUrt~ ~oxlAort S9A3 ouood8AJ? AOlD flOl

91flD3 AOl 13Dq>13Xl01D0l3rt OA 'flor!D9x flOl 'nou

-q>d8AD flOl 'SDlU19xllOrtAodu SUl uoQ.dJ UA339dou AUl [30I}0ADlDX

OA '0r!D9>I 9XlAoW AOl 13DljZ OA 'P839AllD OA SpADX pdourt 0loUO

OlD Aq>3g[ [OX Aq>ldl3Urt3 omxl9 o~ 'sU3douQ. 0r!D9x 0,(U'('(9dou

AD~ '«DlU19xuortAodu I}lDldOOX33» DIrt 'I,lOOZ urtoA9lflD DIrt 13U~dl

-lU3 flOl [OX '9x£1ortAodu urt llJ?X ADD 9XllDOlADdJ Ol mA UDu810U3U

sort ljX£1Og'rtoo Ul 13dJ~dlDUAD flOU SOIDOlAD<D SUl O~gl U UAPX]

'S3lDUOAD 1,1 Sl3Dl}lOu08flrt S3~rtfl3gUllu3

sI3'{[dJortug 3rt 13X~ A3g UD~XD U03r1.J? olrtox flOU 'uDog9dou UA

-3rtQ.OOADI9 uAo,(9130 [OX UlDOg'~D0l30 ou1 10Ap 91flV 'Olu9AD190

Ol 138UOADl9 OA [OX OlDOddJx~AD Ol plDoddJX3 OA '9lDOrtflD8

01 'OlXldJ~AD 01 '9XlAort 01 'OAD8IUO 01 SOdQ.Ol'{flOX SUAlUq>d8AD

Sul DlDlo'{u OlD 9dog'00 138ulUZOO OA 91XldJ3 [OAp 0loUO OlD

OD~rt OIDIO'{U O~ P8uAdflOlrtUg 13X~ 'DlA9dx OlD oo~rt '9xm90l1

'9d0900 AflOZ91333

Ol 'OU9dl 9dulDflD LOX Odl3X9du 3rt DlOrtAJ?dU Ol 9100 100A~OAdo

OA JlAD flOU S31~'(3rt S3lD19d090D s3dl3U9 Afloxd9ufl '~30l3rt 011

'sflor!D9x oQ.g SflOlD 003r1.J?AD

SOIA(l)AIOXlU3 0IIOUOgo lOX urt9xo SOO0J sq>80X 'flor!D9>I Q.oxlAoW

flOl Odq>XogA3 AUlD l,l'(OlDOUO ljxldJodAOldox P'{310UO SDJOUO

SUl llJ?rtrtOX 0,(9A3rt o~ 'OJdJOOO'(I<D Ul 9UO oD~rt ADDU89uoodu

Ol SOOldfl>I 'AIloDq>dfldJ3A Ol OA oU9dl AD~ AIlodg' OA A~080UDOdu

OA ADADX? Sfl01 '0'(099 ~'(OU Afl08q>IA OA sflouq>d8AD snoAo'(

-9130 SQ.O'('(OU ADADX? 310lAJ?U '01Or!D9x mOl~l

'«sflor!D9>I SflOlD oD3r1.J?AV 0r!D9X 01» '3rt

-flODJ;>rtOAO 01 SV '(<<Salm[noqns» AOOA3rt9Aa'( AOOl)

SOd~Ol'(flOX SI}X£1XO'('(OA3 Sill llJ?rtrtOX O'(9Aart

O~ 3D lOX OdQ.Ol,(flOX urtuolU3 AUlD OD3r1.J?AD LOX

9'('(0 'Od3dJ?ADodu flOU s38x9 oQ.g SllD AQ.0XlOlDX

nou snouq>d8AD snOlD 003r1.J?AD OA9rt lX9 0r!D9x

o~ 13Xd9uA 'Afloxd9ufl 0!,(g'19 Dlurt8JdoAD

Ol 9100 0'(9 u9 ~lOU [369rt oe A3g 'AOO9Jd3rtUdJ3

AOOl 'X'U Aoo!'(g'19 Sl3D9lDflOdou S£1 13Z9g'Dlg OA9rt

'X'U SOI0UJ;>X AD 'OlDl'(9W 'sod~Ol'(nox surtuo

-lu3 SUl Aoou~ooduUAD LOX Aood91XOdu AOOl -OlD

-lx9'(3 1,1-l}xooodu Aill no,(980x AIlo~X'(3oodu

A3g 'SOO39godoU '9100 0'(9 DlA 9AId3rtUSOX LOlA

-OAJh nou AOO3DI,llUZOO AOOl lOX SOOU9 '01O~8 Ol

91flD 3D 0~rtood3[(f>0 LOAp EDX oriD9x AOl AO'(9

3D AIloxd9un nou 'U'(>l 'AOOl~rtnoxOlA 'AOOUQ.lA3

'Aq>Xlgo[d3U 'Aoo!'(g'lg' 9rt81do 0lA9111 AOl 9= J38

-OO[Og'3g'lU3 OA o'{ox1)3 pdourt s9AOAaA Ol 91flV

'(SOlU19X[lDrtAodu SI}A

-ld3rtu80X SUl flor!D9x flOl AoodlD9X Aq>Aourtoo

AOOl U8X9 AUlD '10l3lUQ.dxouo S9AoA3A 01

91flD [ox urt9XV) 'sI38U'{ufl'{oU oAo'(9AD 'sa8x9 s3,(U'('(9dou oQ.g [OA8 '0rID9>I 9XlAoW AOl AIlOZ A3g [OX Aflou~'(g' A39 [OX AIlO~lDlU

A3g flOU [ouood8AJ? [0 [OAl3 10'('(OU 1009 '0r!D9>I 9XlAoW AOl AflOZ

[Ox AflOU?'(g' LOX M0l)31DlU nou lOuood8AJ? 10'('(OU 10091 Afloxd9un

£19 S9AOA3A Ol 133PgolDx 13X? flort 0PlUOU3 flort I}xlUoooodu H 'S?XllDllOlD [0 SOOU9 OlortAJ?du mOl?l 100AOAlA nou9 nort09x

nOl Q.OlflD S?XUOUOlO SllO [X9 [Ox '0r!D9>I 9X[AoW AOlD 'Afloxl}AD

08 [Ox AflOXI}AD 'ADXI}AO U9['i7 '9A08lU [OAp SooU AnoAxpg opx

-1010 0~rtAI3g3gA3 Ol 0'(9 u9 u099 U10 '91flD 0,{9 DlA I}XUDUOlO

l}dx[rtodou AUl ?lOU 13AJ?X 13X? A3g SJ3ADX [O>I 'DlortAJ?du DlOl?l

'AnODDJ'{333 'AQ.013'(3rt 'AnoQ.'(OAD 'IOlAQ.oAulg 'AflodJ9dADlOX

nou 's3du'{x9'{0 S3xI}801,{9[9 S3lD9,(uo'('(oU Afloxd9Ufl 'Aoort

""910 AOOIOl?l O'{OA~ 0l01?1 389x DlA [O>I 's3Jdl3Urt3 S310l?1 ADXJ3

flOU ort0l9 AflOZJdOOM flOU 1,1 'S31d13Urt3 S3101?1 13D~Ig' OA 1,1 OlOrt

-AJ?du DlOl?l SJ3ADX 139 OA 910Afl9 [Ox 9AD8lU [OAp u9 OlADg9dxo

An0Q.310lU nou orto19 Od319DDld3U 10'('(OU AflOXdJ;>Ufl 's31d13Urt3

S?xuog'rtoo S?lOOOM SllD lDl30D91OlDX A3g nou u9x 130q>19 13X?

flOU 1,1 'SOlU19xllOrtAodu sort SljAld3rtu80X SUl 0r!D9x AOl A91flD 3D

13Xl}AD A3g flOU U9X 13g 13X? u9 o[Og'?9 [OAp nou ortolJ? 389x DlJ

«' OOSflOl 91ill9xllAOrtUO U lDAJ3 SflOl 91ill9lADrtuoo U mgl U» u9

'SVAa'} 'S ':) AOl SOlAOZ9ddJodou '3rt~ou OA 3rtoDQ.odourt oe 'oQ.g AOOl [OX 1,1 'nOA nOl uo~dJ ill DlA 1,1 SDlill9xuortAodu Sill UOQ.d> ill DlA

AQ.oM3A nou Sl3DI,llood3 S£1 9uo S91X3 'S31d13ud3

lOX S13D938 SU S?lOO S3'(9 3rt UO?XD 3D 9X1lA

-ortuo Od31JDlgl 310Up 13XdJ;>Ufl AUrt OA $(QDL 'AOO

-3D9lDOlDX LOX Aoo~rtOAlO<b AOOA339dou LOX A(l)l

-I,llOlAO «AOO'{Ortq>AD» AOOl A~g13 AOOl A(l)'(9 AOO3D

-938 Aq>ldmdort LOX Aq>dOOOAD 9rteldo AOl 9uo

SpADX 13AJdx AD 'DlAJ;lU ADll} UA3rt9919Dl3rt 009

LOAJ3 OA lD13AJDd> od3rtl}D LOX 'Od3rtlfD ldX?rt AOOA

-'910 AOOl U899 Dl 9uo 0r!D9x AOl AO,(9 3D SDlill9U

-ood8AD SUl SU'{9 0ldolDl AUl U'(9 3D 13~rtlU3 flOU

uoUSOJDdou OJrtlDAJ3 'uouSOJodou sugq>13'(oAart

DIrt LOAJ3 9100 0'(9 AD 'U9 lDAl3 ortU'{99du 01

'IOlXU'{u9lDDlADdJ

lj 10~rtUAD'(u [OAp lj Sl3Dlj8D[Odou AflOX? IOU

M_I~.NYXTA ITO S.E.T.I.'M nopoupE va cpavIOOlOUPE pJO VUXla OIO KevlpO IOU npoyp01JpOlOS S.E.ll.

: I (Search tor Extra Terrestrial I_ __- Intelligence, KevlPO Avazinnons Hw­yfllvns NonpooUvns), am nAalOla lOU onolou pIa opo8a av8pcimwv KpucpaKOUEllO oUpnav pE OKono va ooMO,BEl paOlOOllpOla nou va npoep­XOVlm ana evov E€wyillvo noAmopo. MnopoupE va cpovmOloupE pIa vUxm omv onola Sa ooMo­j30uv eva ItlOlO E€wyillvO Ollpa. Mexpl 10lE OAOI 1O eKOVOV Yla va anoppocpouv ns xpnpOlooonl­OEIS, ylO EmSupmes ooOXEdoEIS Km Olacpnplon, Yla IEXVIKO nElpo­pam KOI Yla npounnpEola OE cpovmXIEpo projects. IacpvIKo, OAn n opaomplolma aneKmoE ovanOvIExn onpaoia. AVOl€E pIa nUAn ana aMou, peoa ana mv onola A01JnEI eva E€WKOOpIKO cpws. Tpexouv novn<o,BAmOl nOvw-KoIW, Kl OIOV KonOla onypn ooVEA­Souv apxlzouv lIS OUOKEljJEIS. flOlov npenEI va evnpEpwooUV; EVlomoov 1O onpa peoa ana m vea paolomAEOKoma IOU S.E.ll., nou ,BplOKOVlOl 420 XIAlopElpa j30pEla IOU Iov q)pOVOlOKO, KOJ anmEAouv pepos ms olom€ns mAEOKoniwv "Allen» (A.T.A.), am onola OoSnKE QUIO 1O ovopa OIOII navw ana m pJOo e€ooa IWV Oanovwv Yla va omSouv Kal va AEHOUPYouv, onAaon nOvw ano nEvnvm EKOlOPPUPJO OOAOplO, xpnpOloomnSnKov ana lOV nOAuEKOlOppUplOUXO ooV-lopuln ms Microsoft, Paul Allen. Apeows noMoi npmdvouv on npenEI va evnpEpwSd 0 Allen nou dVOl 0 ,BaOlKos xpnpOloooms lOUS. KOJ CPUOlKO n NASA, nou €xEI uno lOV eAeYxo ms lO S.E.ll. ME m olacpopo OU n NASA Olo KOla­OlOlIKO ms eXEI OEopEUld omv OPEplKovlKn Kuj3epvnon OIl Oev 80 ovaKOIVWVEI nme Koveva anmEAEopa epEuvos ms ov npwm QUIO Oev EYKPl8d ana mv Kuj3epvnon, Yla AOYOUS ESvIKns aocpaAdas. To S.E.T.l., nap' OAO nou Yla KOJpO elXE OlaKond n AEHoupyia IOU, e:novaAEHoupyd pE us veEs EYKmaolOOEIS IOU Kill CPaJvEIOl on eXEI ooyKe:Kplpevn anomoM. 0 EnIKEcpaAnS IOU S.E.ll., 0 Dr. Seth Shostak, OnAwoE OIl «8a exoupE evlOnloEI E€WyiJl­va onpma, an6 cUPIO tws 1O 2025...» (Tnv iom OKplj3WS onAWon eKovov npoocpma BPElovol ampovopOl OlOV unoupyo EmOlnpwv ms BpElovlas). KOl, QUln m vuxm, n anomoAn Olecp8nKE pE Emruxla. 'Exouv lo E€WyiJIVO anpa. Tnv npwm Enacpn EveS E€wyn­IVOU nOAmopou pE m rn. 'Eva ana m npwm zmnpOla ms nupElwoOUS oUOKe:1jJnS, nou aKopn yiVEIOl KEKAEI­opevwv lUJV 8upwv KOI xwpls Kopia ovaKoivwon, dVOl ov KOI pE nOlOV tpono 80 anOVlnoouv mo onpa. KOl, npos 1O nap6v, OE Kopla nEpimwon n OVaKOAU1jJn oev ovaKOIVWVEIOl mo EUPU KOIVO. 01 npwIOl anooeKIEs ms nAnpocpoplas eivOl 0 Shostak, 0 Allen, KOI m apxnYEio ms NASA. H NASA opeows Emj30MEl anoAum Olwnn anoppnlOu, KOI evnpe:pwve:l mv OPEplKovlKn Ku,Bepvn­on, n KonOlo ovwmlO KNpOK10 ms opeplKavlKns Kuj3epvnons. H oUoKe:1jJn pe:mcpepEIOl ma ovwIEpa KAlpCooa, KOllO KevtPIKO QVlI­Kdpevo ooznmons, cpUOlKO, Oev dvm m E€WyiJIVO anpa QUID Ka8aut6 Kill tl onl1aJvEJ 610 autO Yla mv av8pwn6mta, aMo 1O ov Sa npenEI va 1O OVOKOIVWOOUV mov KOopO n ox!. MnOpElrE va ova­AOYIOIEJIE II 80 OnpalVEI pIa lelOla Enionpn ovOlxln ovOKolvcoon; U 80 onploupyn8d Km u aAUOIOCl)(eS ovnopooE1S 80 npoKaMoEI, KOI nws Sa ep80uv oAa nOvw-KoIW, oupnEplAopj3ovopevns Km ms ov8pwmvns 1jJuxoAoylas, KOJ EveS owpou oMwv animeulwv OVE­

€EAEYKIWV KmamooEwv; Av oev pnOpEJIE va ovaAo­YlmEJIE Eods us onpaolEs KOI us ouvene:IEs, pno­pow QUlol. L1nploupyEJIOl eva IEpoauo oiAnppa. Im oUOKE1jJn, EKEivn m vuxm, Ka8ws 0101 cpwvo­ZOUV 0 evas OlOV oMov 1O EKnAnKUKO yEyovos OU ooMoj3OVE onpa E€wynlvou nOAmopou, Yla npwm cpopo OKouyEIOl n cpwvn ms AOYJKns. DVOI n cppoon EveS mpauwnKou, EveS oKAnpmpOXnAou TE€ovou pE 8EAnpanKO OayOVI nou nalZEI eva oniplO ma xdAn IOU, Ka8WS avacpwvd E1PWVIKO: «E, KOl;; ...»

'OAOI opeows oovepxovml. NOl, E, ovtws, KOI n eyJVe:! flou pas dVOl xpnmpo OAO QUIO; flOlo elvOl

lo O1JEOO OCPEAOS lOU Yla va ovuOla8pioEl ns ovunoAOYJOlEs oove­nE1ES InS onpOalOs ovaKolvwons; Tl onpaoia exe:l Yla lOV Ka8n­pEpJVO KOOPO OAO QUIO; OUIE KOV 1O xpnpOloomnoopE, acpou OEV lo SEWpOUOope: IOlaJIEpa onpovuKo ws npoomlKn. Twpa eYJVE aUlo lo anpoj3AEmo npaypa. L1ev XWPOEI nou8evo, dVOl OlaiplO­mo Olo oUompa. Tl va KOvOUpE pE QUIO; Tl aMozEI Yla e:pos; KOI ov nElrE on OEV eYJVE, U aMozEI; AUIO AevE €acpvlKo noMoi omv Kuj3EpvmlKn oUoKe:1jJn (cKnOloe:upevOl mo nVEupa av8pwnwv onws 0 KlOlvyKEp). Konolol olacpwvow, aMo oUvlOpa Oupcpw­vouv OIOV 01 oMOI lOUS AevE: pnopoupE va npoona8nooupE va anovlnooupE, va OOUPE u Sa ylvEl, ov Sa yiVE1, KOI ,BMnoupE apyoIEpa n 8a KOvOUpE. KOI ElOl 1O znmpa peve:l anoppmo, KEKAElOPevWV twv 8upwv.

To anpa IWV E€wynJVU>v, EivOl eva onpa ana lOV MaylKO Koopo. KOVEls OEV €epEI nws va lo xElplmEi OlOV oup,BauKo KOOpO. L1EV b:EI Koveva vonpa OlOV oop,BanKo KOOpO. 01 E€wynlvol dVOl KOlO1KOl IOU MaylKOU Koopou. Eow lwpa exoupE pIa Eloj3oAn ana lOV MaylKO Koopo mov oop­,BauKo KOOpO. AMo OEV dVOl n npwIn, OUtE n IEAEumia. (KOl, nws xelpizovlOJ 01es us aMES; )

&Elvn m vUxm, 0 Shostak OpXIOE pIa popa­vUKn OIOAE€n, omv onola oev eOwoE onpaola Kavevas, aM6 mo lEAOS KOnOlOl IOU dnav OU e:lvOl aocpaMs va 1O OVOKOIVWOEI 1O 2025, ECPOOOV etm pEooAaj3d apKEIOs xp6vos Yla va OoWE USa KOvOUV pE OAO QUIO...

AUln n vuxm am S.E.ll. mv onola omyn­8nKa cpEuyaMa, e:ivOlpla vUxm OIOV Mayl­KO Koopo. EivOl cpavmouKn. S

«Llev yvWpIZanws efxa raAevro ems ecpeuptoeJS, pt­XpI nou pou ro anOKOAurpe n (j)pevoAoyfa. KGJ ws eKeivn mv npepanpouv tvas E;evos oroveauro pou».

TO].las'Evfloov

~""u/ \ ' .

pevO.l\oYla BMID lPP&VOAOYIKq ~&~ICJ)(Jij tpOUs, exouv epq>avlOtel KOJ apetpmOJ epaoltexves, nou oplOJ.leva

ploKopaoll:: oro eros 1830, am BaAavs, pIa EnapXlaKn no­ evtuna ms enoxns rous anoKaAouv "aAn8lvn nAnyn tUlV oaAo­.An InS ra}JJas, KOJ OUYKEKplpeva omv OlKia evos eu- ----'<-_ VlWV», OJ onoiOJ «dVOl navtote np08upOJ va lJ/axOUA€1JIOUV

; yevous, Kmo m OlopKela ].llas Aapnpns oe~lUlons: m Keq>oAla tUlV UlpaiUlv oeonOJviOUlV ylO va anoKaM­..1 lJ/ouv, Mel, rov xapaKtnpa rous».

Lm peyoAn ai80uoa ms ev AOyUl oJKias, uno rous Ynopxouv UlotooO KOI OJ MomorOJ nou oev 8eAouv nxous ms opxnorpas nou naizel onpoq))Ads OKO­ va napa6exlouv ra 8e:oq>ma autns ms yeas emorn­nous ms Enoxns, OJ vEapoi xopeuouv pe ns 6e­ pns rou peyOAou 6pa (1)pavtS fKaA, rou 6loonpou

onOJvioes avmMoooovms <pIAoq>povnoels yepo­ opa Mnpouoe: n rou naoiyvUlorou opa BlpOV... tes nOJntlKOmm aMo Ka!. .. unovooupeva:OpUls, 'Evas terolos Momoros ~pe:8nKe KOI 0' autnv m eOw KOI apKetn wpa OJ oo~apoi npOOKeKAn].levOJ 6e~iUlon ms BaAavs, 0 onoios oev avtexel oMo flS

exouv anooup8d oe pIa oMn ].lIKpOtepn al80u­ ouzmnoels nepi (1)pevoAoyias KOI autnv m oflWn

oa KOI ouzmouv zUlnpo ro 8epa nou eivOl neplo­ q>Ulvozel ayavaKtlOpevos: ,,(1)pevoAoylKes 010­

ootepo ms pooas autnv mv enoxn, KOI ro onolo d­ yvwoels Kal anoies! 'OAa aura eiVOl eq>eupe:oels

VOl -tl oMo;- n (1)pevoAoyia. tUlV anmewvUlv Yla va ~aq>pizouv rous aq>eAeis!» EivOl n enoxn nou OJ onaool aums ms yeas emorn­ Autn n q>poon emw8nKe oe evav tOVO nou -av pn, fI

pns Ka8npeplVo yivOVtOl OAO KOI noAunAn8eorepOJ. oMo;- 8eUlpdtOl u~plonKos KOI 1000uvapd pe pIa

'H, Yla KmaAo~oupe KOMrepa ro peye80s rou KUPOUS npoKAnon oe povopaxia, ylad omv iOla ai8ouoa ~pi­

nou exel autov rov KOlPO n (1)pevoAoyla, 8a npenel va OKetOl 0 OlOnpEneorepos <ppevoAoyoS ms l\uwv. '01.01 nouI-u; on 8ev unapxel Ylmpos am raMia aMu l<aJ OtiS aMes

xwpes ms 6UflKns Eupwnns nou va pn 8eUlpd rov eautO mu elOIKo am <ppevoAoylKn 61OyvUlon, onAa8n am olOyvUlon tUlV lJ/UXlKWV npoola8eoeUlv tUlV neAmwv rou ~oon ... rou oxnparos KOI tUlV e~o­yJ<Ul\JatUlV tUlV KpaviUlv mus! Be~Ola, \Jazi pe OAOUS aurous rous elOlKouS am (1)pevoAoyia la­

•

OlUlnouv, neplpeVOVtas mv avdopaon tOU npoo~e~Anpevou.

To i6l0](] epds... 'OPUlS, 0 <ppevoMyos oev <paivetOl KaSOAou va tapOOOetOl. Aneva­vdas, avaonKwvel Aiyo ro eva rou q>pUOI, KOJ napampwvms pe npoooxn rov u~plorn rou, Mel: "Ayanme Kuple, 6ev xpeJOZ€tOl ou­te Kav va ayyi~Ul ro Kpavio oas ylO va oas KpivUl. Ano tiS e~oyJ<w­

.~,,:. './ .~ ~:-: / )}lif -','r---,',- -'

.._""

JJ i

""Ilor dJEtJErllllJllr

To ~uOTqplO TWV KPOVIOKWV u~wv"

oels nou ~Mnw niow ana wauna oas, ano mv KOlAOtma tOU petwnou oas KOl ana {Q oxnpa tOu of3epKou oas, avayvwpizw apeows oAa W

xapaKmplonKo tOU OOAOepOVOU!»° ouommos KaAeOp€VOs op8w­V€tO! pe uepos npoof3ej3Anp€VnS a~lOnpenelas KOl onKWV€1 to xepl IOU va paniael toy eppevoAoyo 10­tpo. 'Opws, ~aepvlKo aMozel yvw­pn KOl to ~ozel ma nOOla! llnAa­on npoona8ei, oM6 O€V ta Kato­ep€pVel, Ka8ws OAOJ 01 Ovopes ms OUVtPOeplOS n€eplOuv enavw lOU,

toy aKlvmonOJouv, KOl KaAouv ap€OWS mv amuvopia. llev nep­vo noM wpa KOl 01 aomvoplKoi KataeptOvOuv. Konozovras toy

auMnep8evta tapa~ia avayvwpizouv ap€ows Oto npoowno toU evav opanem tWV epuAaKwv! EivOJ KonolOs LOlv-KAep, nou npIV peplKo xpovla efxe olOnpo~el pIa eloex8n ooAoepovia.,.

MONS Kavape eva PIKPO ra€!OoKI peaa mov xwpoxpovo, zwvtas ano Kovra f:va ne:plmmlKo nou avacpE:petOJ pe Ko8e AemOpE:pela (eKlos, j3ej3ala, ana... mv napouoia pas) oe epuMo inS <[JpevOAOyJ­xns Egmpepfoas tWV naploiwv toU 1831, KOI to onoio ntav xapa­KmplmlKo ms enoxns nou n napo~evn emOtnpn ms <ppevoAoyias j3PIOKolav ato anoye:lo inS o~as ms.'Htav plO emmnpn nou ws ns apxE:s tou 200u Olwva yvwploe nayKoOlJla ennuxia KOl KatanAn­KnKn OnpOtIKomw, Yla va nE:Oel ~acpvlKo oe axpnmia, va xAeuamei ws 1jJeuooemmnpn KOl, etOl, va yvwpioel eva ooo€o t€:Aos, .. 'Opws, n 8a Myate va naipvape to np6ypata ana mv apxn;

- . ',." ---,---­

nplV PIOO nepinou Olwva ~p€8nKav omv Kiva OXdllaypOP­. paw nou XpovoAoyouvWI ouo xIAlooes xpovla nplv, W

, onoia naplmavouv wv av8pwmvo eyKeepaAo XWplOpevO ,';, oe olapepiOlJata nou w Ka8€va avnotOJx€I oe pIa 1jJuxIKn npo6108eon. napopOJa oxeolaypOppata elxe onploupynoel 0 no­Aunp6ypwv lleovopvtO Nta BivtOl, eKeppozoVws loees ylO m OX€­on eyKeepoAou KOl npoowmKotntas, 01 onoies epepaviomKav omv Eupwnn ana naAOlotepOus YlatpOUS, onws 0 faAnvos, non ana mv apxaia enoxn. 01 eppevoAoyOJ, ouV€nws, elxav paKplvouS npoyovous. Allo 0 ouyxpovos 10pUtns KOl npoepnms autns ms emOtnpns elVOl 0 <ppavtS fJozeep fKaA. Tnv enoxn nou onouoaze ImpIKn ow LtpaO~oupyoKOl m BI€vvn, vUpw Ota 1780, 0 fKaA, nou ntav tote evas opaotnplos epoHntnS nepinou €IKOOI xpovwv, eixe napmnpnoel Kon nou wu epOvnKe no­M napo~evo; Mew~u tWV ouvaoeAepwv wu nou onouoazav ow iOlo navemOtnplo, auwi nou eixav youpAwpeva pona ntav... 01 e~unvotepol KOl empeMmepOJ epoHntes ... B€~Ola, n napatnpnon autn oev ntav KOl evteAWs npwtotunn Ka­8ws, mv enoxn eKelVn, 01 8ewpies tOu U~etOu eplAOOOepOU fJoxav Koonap lIaf3atep nou, avOpeoa Ota oMa, unootnplze on n epu­OIoyvwpia tOu av8pwnou eixe opeon oxton pe tOY xapaKtnpa tOu, KUKAOepOpouoav oe oAn mv Eupwnn. LUYKeKplpeva, 0 pUOII­Kona8ns lIa~m€p 10XUPIZOlav on W

xapaKmplonKo wu npoownou elVOl n aKplj3ns avtavoKAaon ms 1jJuxns. MOAlow, oUyKpivovtas ta npoowna IWV av8pwnwv pe ta KeepoAIO tWV zwwv, 0 Dj3etos eplAOOOepOS oioaoKe nws OJ opOJotmes oev elVOl povoxa epUOlK€S aAAo KOl n8lKes. 'EtOl, ylO napooelwa, n yap1jJn pum evos av­8pwnou epavepwvel olO8eoels nopo­ "

}''I:.\~

pOles pe aut€S evos apnaKnKou nou­AlOU, evw ta npepa xapaKmpIOtIKO, napopOJo pe autO €Vas neplateploU, oev pnopei napa va anoKaMmouv evav xapaKtnpa npoo KOl npepo. Ennpeaop€vos ana ns 8ewpies tOU lIa~m€p, 0 fKaA avapWtn8nKe av 8a enpene va npoxwpnoel paKpthepa KOl av oav8pwmvos xapaKtnpas Ka­80pizetOl ana mv avmoplKn olonAa­

II

'AI, '\'., / \\ ., /' \~, ., /,,~ \,.', // \\ ..., ~ ~,~ ~ ~~'\ ~ ~".~ .r~)\~ ~,~),:-\ ~¥'\~~I\ ~)~-:)~ ~)t:'"_.•f), "'.' '-/',\ ~"'-/\\

'R.~\Ai'" __._,.__....-_..--'\ r ~, ~." i ' )'"' ~~R ..._-: H' ~,j, .. n\

1f> • ~~ , IJr.. N"I«.\ .. 'I)OrlOl'(fl flOl 0ldoAulDx AU13rt ''{OXj odg flOl Y.'{OXD Y.X[l(l)lgl ~ ~,: ~-..t' 'J', ........._---'k;'f» ~ #!t~ ,,:\

AUl 30[3'(Xj SDld10flV SUl UOUAdj9flX y.xldOlOdxOlflO U 9LL 1 ·~~.~:t~~FIJ) ~;, '(/~'--'t:'I_.,.~_.' , rl A.. QC~~r("('" ~1:,\l;~1\ I '.• /('2('-. tJ....... :n} " Ol t01J, 'UODl0J;>ADUJ Y.Xl'('{Oj Ul [Ox 9 OU(I)UJD['J AOl flOA AOlO "~~~\-}';'~~~;(' ':!:tiL., ~~_\/... '. sOlAOAd3d> '«[lflodourl ADzldflrt» S3ld(l)30 SfltY'll3 flOl0131-{l)lOXOd '. " : ./.y0)..')(.DI", ~~.\,-. ,., II ~ '0 -~" '" "f",..-,t tlr.l\l~ , 'oj

-ou 3rtl).og De S(I)U9 'U'{091d>rtn I).'{OU 3XUlXP9OUO J;>Xl'{31 flOU-~J;>9 ~J~~~:b1~~~T; SUI U)UAortulDm3 UA3rt38[lOUfl AUI OUO DlUldOj3AV 'SUrtUlOtU3 ',,'-L ~-gr~' U' S09~ SUl 9rtnlMrld3131~ 9X[l0t\(fl A~l AI).OlX3~ OA ADoQ-~dourt • '1;'

A3g SY.XOU3 SU1 DlC))lD380X J;>xlxdOlfl'{OUO Dl 'SOIAo'{oA3dd:> '. !?dflA9,{0 SflOXIOl SflO1O

SUl AC))gouo A(I)lC))du A(I)nOX '{OXj fl0l9rlomofl08A3 AOlO,{9do l).0lADU OAjrlUldOAD lOA

Al9yom3l1odll3A OId9U~3d90V -p flOU DlortrtJ?dAmg3xo !?X -tAo'{oA3dd> Dl 3rt 01 SOlAOAfdxAClD 'SflOl

AC))lUHOd>rtflo A(I)l D['{!?d>3X 010 S?llDrt

'SOIAo'{oA3dd:> SUl SOld(l)38 SUI uo'?9 Sj1d>3'(X AflOAXld lO'('{!? C))A3 SflOl m'{!?d>

Ul AflOl?8AflO flOU 013XlOlO Dl 9UO OAjrloldo 3rtfl08!?rt OA 3rtno?d -3X Dl SflOl AC))ld3X A(I)l O'{ffiX,?g Dl 3rt AflO

-ourt 'ur!t3xolu3 urtOlAI).O I).'{OU AUl AY.1ClD 3rt [ox (l)10? 'S(I)lAJ?U ''{OXJ -1).3'{floxom ''{OXj odg AOl 9UO 3AI).0XO 009

odg fl01 Uj!?l AUIO O'('{!? 3rlflOAprt OA 3rtl).odourt A3g flOU ortld){ 01 9UO lOA?rlo03duU3 'SI).OlClD 9UO [oA?rtoldo flOU S?lUHod> 30 003rt

«' "9X[lQ[(I)A3 OdY.lxodox l3Axl39 OU(I)19rt (l)0IU Dl -,?AD 'SOIAo'{olADd){ sWOx:r SUI 0IADd8 OlD 'A9UtO'{ '3lDOrt9XQ[dg

sodu 910mAo'{U Ol [Ox 0IOUg[3AflOO l3AfOrtuO OU(I)l?rt 9'{urtnx 01 C))A3

'08090[0[0 [Ox DlU19d38DlO t3AC))d3ADd> OU(I)l?rt 9A3lD [Ox9'{umfl 01 :flOl O1OrlY.gOrt 019UO 0A? oAI,{ mA 3rtflOOY.8flO'{oxodou so [OX

'SOlU19l0U SY.Xl8U SUd31C))AD ody.lXodox l3lUl).'{oxouo oU(I)l?rll).dfl3 (UAAjl8 U10) odC))x AOlO [ox (96L 1OlD (l)0JU) OA9dx AOlO ort'{!? 0A? ['{

[OX 9'{umfl Ol 'OrlAl3g,?dou mJ 'OdY.1XOdox flOl UO(l)AAJ?lg Ul mA 01° -!?U 3rtflOA!?X so ''{OXj odg flOl SO!d(l)38 SUl s?xdo S?X[Q09 Sll 3rtflOO

-ortuo l3X? flOlADdx flOl orly.xo 9xlA3A Ol [Ox !?'('{O l09Q-10xmADdx lO -Y.OAD1OX OA mA 'S(I)rto, " ·SOd311).'{oA3rt [Ox 0A?O,{O AD19AlA od?rt

AOA9rt [X9 'flOrl Sl30y.dulldou S3AOdxQ-'{ou su 3rt OA(I)d>rtl).O 'suolUJ Ul 3rl odjrt flOU AC))lUllOd> O'(X9-X ADA? P 010rlY.8ort aglgjdou flou9

.. 'floJADdx flOl oprtuo 0l91ClD 30 (31).3d93 flOU SDlU19[gl SUXlOlOJlAD If'{oXO flOl IfXlg mrt l30l).dg! OA 3001019 A3g 'flOl 0ld(l)38 Ul l3jldulD

SUl uml3ffi l3Al0rtuo 91ClD 'y.xold3U U'{loX Y. u93ulu3 mrt OA mA Sl3jpgOUD S?13Xdo l30C))dlA3XAflO

l3Xd!?Ufl 'fl091). flOl pAD 'AV 'OlU19lgl D[rt 30 PX[OlO[lAD 3XP S(I)U SOlAOl).3lDlU [Ox 'mA9dx !?xld3rt

S091). S9XOlADdx 38!?){ 'flOUC))deAD S9A3 S31U19lgl S?xtA ~\J}I:~' 7r~ 1/" ,.....

9UO !?13rt '[01], 'S3XOAlU sl).o){[l[dxAClD SOlA

-o'{oXflm [Ox S?XUUOADlg 'SjXl8U su S3,{9 3rtfl001).3AXlAD -oAC))dlD01DX '013xdo 9dx[(i 0A? 30(l)AJ?Ado ~r tt '~:~ OA 3rtl).odourt floJADdx flOl u0l).0m y.'{UO mrt 3rt 'lO13.?' ~*j~ ...,~}I;'OU9dl AO! A91flO 3W 'SflOl odlflxodox AOl!\\~e\~.

3rt 9rlo1l3XOflO 30 'flO! AC))1O'{3U A(I)l floJADdx :lfA(I)d> flOl y.,mOU(I)AUfl UA3j9dou \:,\ ]/) \~~q<6'/flOl lOX flouC))0odu flOl ortlfxo Ol l3!?13'{3rt AUl 3rt l3?'{ sort oA [3Z1X3AflO 'OH3UJ:SOrt Sl30!?dgllAD

Jit"."''''' SU SDlAC))dulDdou 'Q-0l'{0d>3X ort(l)J0rto Ol OAl3X3 9UO OA 30lXd,? 'J3XJ 'UAAj[8 UlO 3XU8-9lD01oxA3 /?~ 1£ ft'.' .........,\\ /,..,::\~ (l)AJ?U 'OADdg? 010 UIUAlXO [Ox If'{UU(I)[O IfrlAuo mrt r~" [X ~L81 Ol S9d1OlA 3AlA? SY.lUHOd> S9d03A 0 ··~t! If(~) Ii r~:::::? I

:;;"t.~~. l mA l3A?rtndou '{OXj odg flOl Dl;lflO'{[O UdlAOX91AOX H I 1~[~J '(q;j5'~\_@ jSUrtY.Art SUl odg9 U ADllf OA S(I)01 flOU~!

'''SJ3rt3 [X Olgl 01 'SflO! m'{J?d>3x Dl UO(l)xA9l9 mrt -AC))llOrt A(I)I s3xA9X Sll 9UO

AflOl).3'{floxom OA l30Jxdo AflOX? Uj-91 AUlD lO,{9 'odC))1 (l)AJ?U flOIADdx flOl UO(l)xA9l9 UAjrloldo mrt~;>,.

'«y.d>o AU13rt SflOl 0JOflOUO AUl Y. 0JO (((}fj£ J30 [013'{13d>0 OA 13dourt 91flO 'SurtlfArt SIf'{OX

-flodou AU1 3rtflo0C))lDtUmg OA 3rtl).odourt flOU Sfl091). 1;'J.!1''i'lt!-Ujl3gA;l A1).0'{310UO Oll!?rt OA?rt(l)'{dfloA Dl \r~~'~{'~~~ l~, . e~~l ,'-.;;.sl).oxo[ADdx SflOl SI).O!ClD Al).oAdflOlrtug !DX 'DlOO'{UI).3 I).od>o 'S(I)U AD191d>3X:r 'flOIADdx flO! flodu'(X \'~~;~ ""~,,.. '-' "', IOAla ,?lOO oi AD19 'opu'{u ort9xo IfXOfldgrt3 AUl 9UO -9,{0 '?'('{O 'flouC))oodu flO1 OA9rt [X9 'uo oJADdx Ol AflOZ?lU flo'{!?d>3xA3 flOl sl30C))xAoj3 lO S?l

-flV 'flO'{J;>d>3xh3 flO1 UO(l)xh9j3 u'('{!? AUl y. O[rt UlD l3

-l)3dg3 'opdgAD AUllOX S(I)? !?ldUAOU AU19uO 'ODmo

-A? 9XlAOO Ol lOX S(I)? SUAX?l SUl uU,?Ao AUl9uO 'uo

-!?l sort IfX(Xflm 38!?X 'suolUJ iA(I)lY.10lgl A(I)AlUC))d8

-AD A(I)l A(I)'{9 odg? U IOAl3 'lOldl).x 'so'{0d>?xA3 0» :l3?'{ OA l3ZJxdo 'l'{!?d>3X

oAlml).A Ol OAPX3 9UO (l)AJ?u 010lADlU s9A3 ud!?x Ul

3rt Al).odlDl'{A OA flOl AC))ld3X A(I)l O'{fllX,?g 01 3rt [OX

'odg9AUlO (l)AJ?U3 l30Y.1380UOl 3XP S(I)A?rtfloAuodu

flOU 1).0l'{0d>3x flOAlUC))d8AD ort(l)Jorto 0A? 9uO (l)AJ?u OA?rt(l)'{UO flO!

md?x 01 3rt 'SOled9 'SOIAo'{oA3dd:> SUl SY.l(l)['{3rt38 0 'sort pADA?UV

'OAlUC))d8AD -9XllQ[3'(XOUO [OAl3 C))lXO OUtO'{

-9Ufl 01 C))A3 'OC))Z 010 [OX OU(I)deAJ? AOlO -9A[OX 'flOl y.mOU!? AU1!?1OX

'[OA13 -91ClD OADAd9 01 9uO 61 01 '«oADAd9 !?X['{0d>3xA3» LZ 'oJAo'{

-odo flOI Y.Xlg Ul !?lOX 'If (DlortC))xAoj3-s3dl).ourtox) Sfl091). sl).oxmA

-odx SI).Ox1l3dod>mg LZ uglf l30Jd080X l3X? «soA9'{0A3dd> s9d>00»

°'Y.XOU3 AUl AlflflO 119 310C))l3rtuo 'ortu8!?rt 01 130Jxdo AldU 'sort

II ~)~ f;\L=

&J•

"no,,!: 0:10:1)< "1~n>IS """'sl

.. '&~ ~. ,r-. '-;:'1 ~

"nn,,~ :",vl" .T1tl)[~ 3"r\"1\:3.,r f7o,j ....::z::t:E~_~ ~~"'. .. -.:'ro

:,'~. ~.,' :. \..

1"-;­

-d?8D AOl 9UD OOAJ?U sOS~ S9>lDrADdx SOA3.~)

:OfoqU AUI 0.01 or9j AUI 9110 oA3rtl3X OA?

SDlA0298nr9 uO~3A lfdxrrl orrt 3rto.od9U OS

0loUO AUI 9LlO 'AooA9voA3ddJ AOOl o!Aovodo

UA3j9dou 1.1 [OX [Dl3VpdJO rlr9XOldo.oUJ

AOlO U9 3rlo.OOC?[3rtuo OA 13U?du 'C?93 'Ol3A

-9dJo AUlO 130?1l OS 0IAoV0Aad<b 1.1 o.OU I,lX

-OU3 AUI SOO M00l,IlDdX[l13 OS 100o.O S31dJ?x

.y'

.,

'VOXj 'dg 0 'O.l.9VOA3ddJ OrtUOJ;Hg AOlO SUl 9doort OlUA

-foqA03A 01 [329£Oo.odou 'C?ArlZ f).0.l.ulDdlO SOOo.0f).31oodll slf>U'{'(oA

SUll,nUX[Org ~lOxnoonodlD nOl soA.nz~D 'SSllAOdl.lrt'l( ,1~ DDDr>II)0g K

:voxJ odg

o.Ol Od;Hdox AUlD S?XUADrtuo AO?Vll SU 91.10 I,IAUXO nrrt 13So.0VoxV

'13809m9 01\ {Ox \3eXmUOI\O OA orA ort\VX O'{U'{'(J;>lD>l 01 m!dou 010

3xI,IdS (UrtI,I1O[l13 O?A 1.1 I,Ilo.O SUI 9lDrtl,IS olC?du 010 AD19A.3V SOOU9)

O!A.0VorAod)[ U I,I '0IAovoA3d<b 1.1 '910.0 oV9doU

ro 'Z£ 3D L.Z 9 UO 1013AJ?jno AC?go. AC?XorA S(18n3 [300~dU){D[g X91\30V?Aad s9dlDlJl.sortuo9[9 0 -odx AOOl s9rlSldo °So.0jOUO So.Ol 910X «o.0V "'[O[g! ro DlC?du r30C?U -9dJ3xA3 0.01 S31d9X» 0.01 S?OXlg So.Ol (31).3 -mnrg [Ox j31dJ3XO ADXl3 su A39 ~odJo SOOl9r -SOIA.

-roortug rlrJ?xmdo.ou] °'AO?VU 0.01 SOA9VJ -oV0Aad<b SUll,Ilo.O ADllf SOOU9 S3ldOO3S S3?A DlxA3V

'ortA99 910.0 9X[A -?j3AD Af).OlX3g OA rOfoqrt[3S31nrg o.0V9S0X ADllf A3g

'Af).OlmdlDU){3 OA [309>tAnAD 3Xj3

So.Ol [Ox so.Olurt(18rU3AD r301,IdOO38 3xl3 S~Ol o.0l9xr9 01

3rt 9xrxdDlo.voUD o.Oog3 SC?103e0>l 0A? o.OU so.oA9VOA

-3ddJ Sf).OADrtd3J 0f).g So.Ol Sf).Oln.n [lJ;>rt 9,{OX 3rt [3U?'{S

Aag 'urlC?M lfX[AOrtUlO[l13 or0UJ;>X [3X? OA 30f).odourt

Aa9 [OX AD 'AOO?VOUDN ° se[gj ° 'f).01n.D S91>!] 'OjAOV

-0Aad<b 1.110 1.1098 lfxrAortUlOrU3 389X IDlj3Ado '?[So.){

soA9VOlAO[OVOll [Ox sort9lDAD sO'{9Aart 0 'VOXj o.Ol

ogo8?rt I,IX[1DOOMDr9 Ul Ulx[dlf100 13dOO3S n9 Slfxdoja

-OrlUlO[l13 010 or101xO OlC?dll 01 lDlj3Adnorrl

-ug 9[AOdx Ul UA13>l3 U9 3rtf).01l OA A91l10V 3rtf).0dollVJ 'J?xUO[dO Arl02

-ldoox So.Ol [ort9d9 ro £I8I 01 'SOlAC?AoodJnrg 'Wl3., 'So.Ol SOjdOO3S

SUI S313d?rtOlU3V sno AI).OAoodJrto.O OA [3rf1J?U AnOX? SI,I1USOrt °[o>l

SOV0>l099 °'Soort9 'DlU19xuorlAodu AU!] 'OjXmrll3 or109d31 SOOO

-?rto 132jdooM o.OU 0IV8rS OA? -ortrtndAA~o 9>lrAo'{oAaddJ OlC?du 01

Anol).3£Oorlu9 rtl9XDldo.OllJ AOI 3rl 0!00Ad3Ano 30 VOXj °0181 01

'51.11 orl9d9 AOl U1X3S9XO 30lX?An.o rOl? [o>l 'uouddjlAD I,I l,I>lnrd>lI,IXlAortUlOrll3 310Lll,l9nroLlO

9UO ud319dnxOl AO?VU [OAl3 -OjA.0V0Aad<b 1.1 'Oj0o.O AUlO 'AD11,I orl

-AJ?dll0I91n.DsC?srdxo porA-099rtU9ffl'OIAoV0Aad<b U19>lUX3V

-ordo.)! l3AC?>lOddDlO>l o.Oll ortuArt9Uo. Ofoq AC?rtUlOlU3 OjrtugO>lV lfX

-l'{'{Oj 1.110 13VJ?8oun ?ISo.){°8081 01 :Ao.o0l,Ilortmo oS Aa9 sr309d9 -nAD rO Soorla. 'DlOrl?S sl,IAoV 30 sr3j?vorg M10AJ9 AC?AX31 AOOl [o>l

AOOlJ?rtrtodA AOOl S31U19xruoooodu rO o.OU9 orto.dgj OA? 'AO[OAI,ISV

010 DlOrtlfSOrt r3glgodoll OA r32lxdo V0>lJ °OA9dx OA3rt9113 AOl

'''r30f).0>l0 ,A 3V3Slf OS o.Oll 0Al3>l3 OfoqSOX /1010 [3?V '[Dl3Al0<b [1'9

,uo '[o>l OjAOV01A03g I,IXlAorlulDrll3 AUI 9AX3j AOVV9rt 'o.Ol 0jXmlU3

AUI 9UD SOfoqrton.g3rt 'VOXj ° 'Sr30C?MDrg 0.01 s?xrAoV0AaddJ S31C?dll

sn S3Aj3X3 30 [19 lDl3A?V 'o[OS?H .. '«9ADrtd3J 9dJoo» AOI 131n3Vo.0S

-rtn.n OA orA 9dJndx rDl3Xd? 'SUl noA~zno ~lOXldOlOd>lOln.n 0.01 t,IAoo

AUI SD1AC?dJwho 'oAldJUOOO[ urtudJl03u 1.1 rOx ort9xV

'VOXj o.Ol Dlort?lDUOOU OlD Af).OSU'{SOuo. OA [OIAOX

-d? f).0[OldoU 0.01 «orV9dJ3X 0V9A3rt» 01 OVa. :l,IxrlO

-rdogox j31Xl3goUD ,A 3VV3rt? o.OU DjXo.lIU3 t,Ixrrtoo>l

SOO3j91 sUlC?du orrt AD1K;9dlD[A OAaj9dou A010 SUI

~OrAoVOO o.Ol S31d9U SU DlO'{llJ?lg r3AjoAD nou SOD

-OI)!f).og SUI mOAf).3 AUI [30lgd3x OA mA UOOOMJ?lg

Ul UAj3X3 9110 Od31900ld311 U9X 3XUl09r3dx Aalj

"jS9X[lortusort SOV9Aart SOfoq

r3AjA OS jglDll 01 Olf).0l 'o.ort Oldo.x 'O?A DlOldJ?xo.3

OOX? SO]» :UOUSjOU3UOIn.n 3rt 13AC?Vug sC?gox lDl

-32jl(l)dJ 0.01 9UOO09dll Ol 'J;>X[AdJoI 'OjAOOAo 3rt [32

-J;>1I0X AOl 0jOUO 1.1 OOOlX~Og 1.110 [lADfoqUO S9VUU

-ooro r3X?1O 'OH3U3.:9lU3V !?X[d3rt orA I).0[grou 0.01

rVJ?dJ3>l 01 9VOUO (31).3g.lDX 'S9dogoo-s9dosoo

S3AOrtl,IlOrll3 [OVV9J [0 o.ou 0V9dou 'OA3j9V[dJ [Dl3X

-?goul1 So.Ol DlAOO/llOX lfA[Oldou 1.1 [Ox j3suAuodll 3Xl3 So.Ol urtl,IdJ K

'suuC?do.3 SUI OdlA?)!9)!r/lortulOr1l3 [Ox 9)!rlDrtn.3All Od319X[1ADrt

-1.10 OllfXOU3 AUI UAl3X3 ADllf 00o.O~31oodu lfxrVVoA 1.1 ~odJo 'ortrA9rt

A~OSDlODloxA3 OA ADo.3U9XO nou9 'mldou 010 ADODldJ? SlflUSOrt

[Ox sovox0J;>9 '9081 0.01 nOjdSOOlXO O£ sno '9>lIV31 'Op3g'{] AUl [Ox

019ADVVO AUI 'OjADIj Ul 'OjADrtd3J UlO A(I)3j?'{org 0j3gOld3u orrt 30

-rxdJ;> 'rtlJ;>XDldo.ouJ dJ;>uooxJ ADZ AOI 'o.OlI,I1USOrt 9d03A ADA? 9UO

SOAart9rJ.3goM] '131OrdlDUX3 OA 3XU109>tAnAD VO)!j °~081 01 'r013., "'S31?V3rt s?xrAoV0AaddJ orA 0.01 0IADdx «S?A3Ao.3» 01 ArlOO

-1,I[OllOrtlOudx OA 'urtlflOlll3 O?A 1.11 !3100UOO ADXj3 SOOU 10131>.jOdJ

o.OU '0.01 So.Ort9AOdU'{x So.OIO 30o.3d9Aouo 'o.Ol uXlfSor9 1.110 Odl

-l,Id I,IXlgr3 orrt 3rt 'SOJdlOo.V SUI Od019dxOlo.o 0.01 S9Ado.ouo. SOfoq

31OC? 'soS9dJ °AD11,I S0091 'I,IXOU3 AUI UAj3X3 So.Ol 1,I0lAJ?dJrt3 AUI

r3AJ?X ADXj3 ugl,I o.Oll /IooA9voA3ddJ AC?AX31100d3 AOOIOUJ;>X ord?x 010

-Od319dr3X ort9XD-lf 0.01 AC?lUSOrt AOOllf VOXJ 0.01 ord?x 010 AOlOA

-98 J;>13rt 3A.uV¥!D){ 08 1>.39 flOl 0IAOd>l 01 AD SOlD9?9 AOlt,I Aa9 Sl3ADX

nou 'SI301;>100[g S3VJ?Aart 0091 r3dJ?1l3X13 ort?S 01910.0 'SOOll [Dl3h?V "'SOIAOOAlOX SlfXOldlOn.D SUI U'{?rt DluU'{911no.3 AO?'{ll 01 9110 9xrd

-3rt 30 UOU'{C?ll orA AD192rdoodll '0.01 rv981100l 01 01J?rt3A ADllf s310110

su 3rt S?VodJ3xodx3A ro S3/113X3 S3,{9 SOOU '110j3dJDlOdX3A S9Aa ulXJ?ddJ

AOI [3J?9Ull OA !3SdJuVVno 3Xj3 odC? uhlV Mdu

o.Oll 'oA3rtI3XOUo. or'{SJ?mdl Ol OAj3X3 3oo.ox9

1\019 'suAfoq[H SUl 1,I1Msn31g ~oxrrtoAmoo o.Ol

uooddJ)!? AUI 31!310DlADdJ OA 31!3dollrt I\3Ij '" AOO

-!3dJDlOdx3A AOOl orXJ;>Vo.dJ03100 01 A~OlDVU3V

OA ADOlxdJ? [o)! S?llO'{>l [o)! S3j31OU'{ 30 rolAog

-j9rU3 011 IIDDU19rtnlO J?>UAdJOj o.Olll1orto9xoLln

0.01 rOll~l rododJ9rg ADlAOX?VUrt3 o.o1l9 'SOjV

-noOd3[ U03e911o. m01l9dlOllO mOUl;>)! 9110 J3e

-U'{0XOOUO ArlOX? AUrt OA S;lxdo S3X[2?AA3r8 rO

0.01.1 od?rlu orrl31?0 3jdt,Iun Aa9 t,IXOU3 AUI UAl3X3

'J?)HlortAodU jAOOjAOdx AOOA[llC?deAO 0[d911rt

-3dsoV 9MSUVO Ofoq UI>.I>.?IH UID 136xmLloAO 3X

-13 So.Ol SOjllOj3 U9 S9AOAaA 01 AD11,I nOl AC?lUSort

AOOl [OX VOXJ nOl J;>lDX OjdoAUlDX U13e09du mVJ

'\

~~.,....:. ;'/'. ' ~.\ ..

~ /' \\

-;~)\~ ~< ~ l\

'''~f;''/./

~j\,-A"" J.,;;;-~..

~.=~\A; j _\;,> ...~\;,> .",..~...,-i ,-i

.. 'SY:XOU3 SUl s;nulOu [Ox Sry.OX.lOn.ugoxo 10=:=;;;; 11 "

'~,

sno'{'(9j snolognouD OIU SnOl 9UO SOA~ 3xulxl3goAO nou

'?gnoxA3V SOlD~AdJ °AOly: s9d03A°SOAl3X3 '9xuorlAodU «i Sy:1WOU 13A

-IA 08 s91nV 'on.uyx~ 0l0l?1 313"!?X AUVIl jlX9 '0" :UOOlfq 3n. 3ul3 '(lOd03A nOl IVJ?d>3X Ol 3m3V~oxom. (lod>o 'VOXj 'dg 0 1O){

'sl3AoA [0 AODU1~d '«:?dlDIA 313X~ Un.~M USl3D3 'S(I)n.o. 'od>9dAolDvogn.nD 3n.noA,?x AOl OA 3n.no~3uoxJ»

'A~AOdx

81 9d03A AO~ VOXj odg AOlO AOoolDnodou 310U9){ :OVOX~3 OD91138ulUgDld>rln OA pdourt A3g SUO(l)M

-919 SUl 0!XnHU3 U 'OD9lD(I) 'UD(I)lUld3u u'{'(9 Oln. 3J "'y:xoua AW UAf3>l3 A019l18UMD 3lD(I)'{'('? s(I)u9

'nOl 9lDn.t,IyxA3 01 orA 0V91AOn.dox AUlD PlD3V31X3 3X -13 Dlod>D9du nou AOI0Ur;>X30 3Xt,IAO ty.r;xl>3X 01 0Af3X3 S(I)U 1399VOlOX OA 911On. S0'(91X W~U AW 3n. 3lD~ 'OU(I)d8AJ? OAUflj? 310Uy:gAOlOUO mA IOXI;>'{'(O 'VOXj °AOlt,l S(I)U9 '9dl -otA AO~ otA OA9n. lX9 'OVOX~ ~VOU AOlt,l oe u9131d>3){O 3X -13 Aag SO~AOX S(I)U lO13hfO<D '«(I)~? 131d>~U Aag ~lOU nou» VOXj odg AOl

AOzop8X3 IOV9l?dod> orn. un.9XD .lJ 'Wldoll 01 odUVX9VO 3D Sl,luodlDO DlWf)XDl AW 3n. 3xu899olg SUO(l)MI)llg Sry.OXfllIU3 SUl St,llOO uougp H

"'sl3rla IXs(I)n.9[xo.'od?o A01D AnODJ?lU Ol OAOlAOldjlxDl AnoAq>yuo 10'1'9 Dlu8D!DAflDV 'sn01 sod?n. 01 sodu 13913U 01 lOX O){Ol9 Ol 9UO tyJ?d>3X Ol 13ZJ?udo 'UDU"!X Un.o19uO orn.3n. 't;lXIAd>Oj I;>'{'(O on. -3dy: 13I;>V3Aorlnx snOl sodg 0 '91XlOAO on.9lD 0l3n. Ano~n. lod03A 10

«jnoA9d>0v09 l'{t;ld>3X O~ IOAp 3lOd?d> non. nou 9100 S(I)U 0NOgld>rln olrlnx 13J;>d(l)x Aag 'IOldry.){ ,. 'SDlU190du [ox SDlU19Xl(l)ZOVld> 'SOlUl91UUoAo A(I)gry. Aq>XDlAOdx 0IDnouo 'SDlUl "9xuu3dlDOlDX sog~ s9xld>odld3un 'SDlUl9xUUXOn. sog~ S9XOlAOdx

SO~n.AfllU3AV" :SDlAOA?V 10l3Al0d>ouo OA 1311Xdo 'Ano~3vnoxom.

n019VlllxI;>9 OdI3Url? 01 Un.9XO q>Aa 1O){ 'OIAOdx 0n.9XO 9lD3l OlD nOl Old?x Dl 13I;>un.noXD '9AdnoVfllxognxDl 13Z1n.n8 nou UDUAlX DIn. 3n 'OH3U? IX 'l"!?gOl 01 sodu on.rl?Vg 01 SOlAOAq>mn SUO(I)dl~xAooOlOO

SUA01~ sod>ry. O~ 13AdlOU soA9V0Aadd> °'A9UCOV 'y:rlAUD Ul Ay:lnv '0'1' -3A9rlnx 9XlA(I)dl3 O~ 13m.ry.dx OA 13DI,l80UDOdu OA n01 I;>d13D UIOAl3 Odq>l '[dI;>Al3n.OUO OAlu~d8AO 01 OAPX3 30 9UOn. t,lXUUAfl3d31g orn. 13j old ugt,l 13X? S~80){ 'n01 013d>odA OlD (I)"!?U3 oXDl9 9Xl'{'(Dl3n. AO~ 3D

13Aq>8lUO 01 [OX lVI;>d>3X 0lI;>XUX3DOdu 13AdioU VOXj °A019 0V3A9rlnx I;>}{IA(I)dI3 OIOUI;>X Mog~dx 0!V0}{Dng 3n. IOAl3XJ '«q>voXDdou 'non. Ol 3lD~ll» :SDlAO~V nOl Old?x 01 13Aq>VUO OH3U? J?'{'(o 'ollDlUDng 3n. t,ln. -AnD Oln. olA 13lJ;>HOX snOl S9dlOtA son.UO;)[g 0 ·UOUn.P}{3 nOl y:x[AoV -QAadd> Ul nOl SOlAq>lUZ 'OAOn.t,llDIU3 A01D MOAl9 01 lOX [V-9d>3X o~n.

-n.OX ollXDO o~ 9UO 00?n. MOlr;>Ag lod03A [0 IOAPX3 nou I,lrlAuo Ul 'VOXj odg n01 nopd>odA S~OV3lflVOU nOl oDn0810 AUlD 3lDOn.9XOldg

:t,lAUXO (l)1r;>xodou AUlD Mo0t,l8novoxo son. so 'Aq>lD(I)MoAO A(I)l IOn.

-lOdx~m OIU [0 'en3 S(I)n.O,·' '3Xt,lAO A910U 3D MO~VOXOUO nOl OA Sid -(l)X 'VOXj od9 AOlD MOlr;>lDnodou 0l1O){ tyI;>d>3X 01 MOAdlOU lOX Oln. -I,lg AOl /If}-oxogod(l)9 S39t,ll101od(l)x lod03A IOXld3V1l 's3!'{'(ood3g S[lD

0V91AOn.dox 9UO 10l3l1VOO3XOUO '?l3V llOn.9AO 'SOA9d>oV -og SOI0Ur;>){ :nOl un.t,ld> UllOX OdlU9A 01 od3190md3U on.9xo

t , ,'\q<C,,","_/ i:i ;)

OA otA 0ld[OXfl3 DIn. -0>I13UPVodou Aall 'OAOn.Y:1DlU3 3D 3l

-on.d,? 08 nou 9100 3n.l?dou Is!uO!Sn[[1 S9A3 sod>~ 01

an. AO'{'(I;>n. lDl3l1AOd>n.3 s310UO SUD Sl3DqJl~3g s?dud1 -0'1' 13Aq>AOAdo I;>AXOO lOX nOl S319V3U snOl lDl3X?g", "

nou9 odo~n. OlDlD?V31nvOU O~ 3D 13XIOlD){ 'Wid, "

-ell OlD sOlnovuru;lU 13AlA 13X? VOXj 'dg °ry.jDl3n. Ol

nOA9d>oYOg nOl1YQcb3)1 01

.,.A019n31(l)d3 nou S3A~OUD3g su 9UO SOIOUI;:)X 0IADdx OlD lzod o~g snOl lOX On.OlA~D 13dg OA 0lxmn3 AUl 3XP A3g J?'{'(o '«SOlU19xlgIOUOVld>" SUl lOX «SOlU19xlAdOlDOV[d>" SUl snog~ S9-0X -orAOdx snOl 3n. 0v;mox Oln. 13dg OA '[3?V '3Dry.080uoodu [19 oA9V AOl OlA -A019n.n8 sOlgl °lOX 31ry.O nou S3D91-s?dod> S?'{'(OU 3XUlD -I;>IA(I)goddo plfl3dlAOU ~Olodu u9 lDlAry.oAud>o un.O){ odg AOl Olj

'«OId>odlDnvou» AUl [Ox «0n.ry.3AU 9X!D -nd>0l3n.» 01 s(I)u9 'Aq>gn Aq>XOlAOdx A(I)l [Ox novJ?d>3xA3 nOl Sl3DI,l

-IOUOldoAUlOX S310X9'{'(0 OIU [Ox I;>,{,(o s3d319DOld3U On.9XO 13AI;>0

-1308 lOX nOl nOVI;>xoog nOl OlOn.Dldou OlD 131D3Xdo 08 A3g 'un.O){

°'OlmVI;>VIl 'soA9VOA3dd> S9A013dg SOd31D?U3duOlg °S(I) 131xnd -UXOAO 08 [Ox noAdry.ogn.lgJ nOl Opdl01J t,lxlAoVOA3dd> Ul 13Dry.dg[

oe Od319Ado nou 'un.o){ AOli odg AOl 't,llU80n. 0l0lD;lfld>n3 AOA? SDlA~lXOUO 'Aq>gn Aq>XOlAOdx A(I)l Oldt,llDnn. 01 Aq>dlOlA soewu 3D

13XOI;>919 pX3 nou9 0IVAAV AUl OlA 13Ary.3d> 'W1J,'VOXj A0l3n. !zon.!D -ldOll OlD OlU [3AI3n. OA pdoun. A3g n.lI;>xDldnouJ °'on.DlxD 0lI;>13V1l

«'''(O~Z 01 sodu uur;>Ao

UAOll,l y:lOO) "Dlw9x!'(Id>O(l)l" W '(Oq>l 01 sodu lX9 IOXI,l(l)Z Ul sodu uUJ?Ao AUl 3AlOn.t,lD 'snoA9voA3dd> sn01 otA 'nou) "OlUl9X[(I)ZOVld>" Ul

'"DlU19Adon.IOV.. Ul MOAXl39 rO'{'(J? q>A3 '"OlUl9dnAdovnd>.. 13Al0n.UD llOO 0l9uO (I)"!?u sog~ S9XDlAOdx°'(0101?1 llJ?X I,l uA~DodnxoxloA

Ul 3Alon.lfD OA 13U?du AO'{'(I;>n. nou)

..OlU191g1xlOlOx" AUl 13lU~VOllOUO

ry.OlVOO3X nOl I}d>ndox AU10 sog~

S9llOlAOdll 0 ."SOlU191uuoAo" SUl nOA,?Ado nOl 010 -nodou AUl 13AXl39 OX

[3~XOlA3 'EZ81 01 Ug?MD nou 01g9D[3U3 oldgI;>xon. OAJ, 'on.rlndAI;>193XD 9XlAovoli\Odx O~ snOlI;>n.n.nVI;>x OlD

o~rlAodox MOX? nou S3d?XOUrlnl ,..[ox On.9XO 13J?vnou

'slfglOrlo S-9d90 UAO~ 0l0n.t,l80n. Od3110l91 1391godou 'sqlOdxOlDldo st,lAlOldou SUl «ortadx9dd>0» AUI MOAq>dlA -3AAno nou S13j?VOlg 13"!g 'nOl 0ld(l)38 W 13019AOAouodu

.-"

II9 onoy&lo Tq~ &mTuxio~

Gtav nl~8avE 0 <ppavtS fJOZE<jl fXaA, lO 1828, n <PpEVoAoyia

I inav xloAas j.lla xa81EpWjlevn EmOU1jln. 0 fKaA mpo06m­: ~- OE lO xpavio lOU, jlazi jle mv nAouOla ouMoyn lOU ana Kpa-

I.' . ·via XOl Ojloloojlata KE<jlaluoov OlO MouoEio <puoIKns lOlopias tau naplolou, nou anoteAEOe tono npOOKUvnjlatos Yla tOUS Ojle­tpmous ona50us XOl jla8mes taU nou 8a ouvexlZav ta epyo tou. o LnouptoxCnp, mo jleta€"6, a<jlou «xOtexmoe» m Bpetavia, taf;iOelj.lE aus HVWjlevES nOlutEiEs, onou 01 Ylmpoi EXEi toy unooexmKav oav npwa, KaJ onou jlla XaJ jlovn OloAeQ1 tau om Bomovn, to 1832, ntav apxEU1 Yla va EV80uoloOEl tOY EmomjlOVlXO KOOjlO ms AjlEpIKns. !:J.EV np6<jllOoe:, wm60o, va xapEi In O<x;a tOu Yloti n€8avE IJyES E1300jl0­OES apyOtEpa ana KhplVO nUpEtO. '[nElla ana autO, n vEoo-umam <PPEVOAOYlKn EtOlpEia ms BoOlovns neruxE mv 1jJn<jllon EVOs ElOIXOU VOjlOU nou EnetpEnE mv EKlO<jln taU Kpaviou tau LnOUptOXClljl, nou

npOO<jlep8nKE EUAaI3lxo ota navEmOln­jllO tOU Xopj3apvt, onou m8avovvaunop­XEl jleXpl KOJ onjlEpa, OE Konola OKOVl­0jlF;vn an08nKn... napa ns onopaolKEs avuopa­OE1S, mv Enoxn eKeivn KavEiS OEV 0jl<jll130AAEI nws n <PPEVO­Aoyia EivOl aAn8lVn EmOlnjln. Axojla XOl ta auompo Emom­jlOV1XO lvomouto ms faAAias OeXEtOl jleAn latpOUS jlE jlova­Olxn ElolXOmta mn <PPEVOAO­

via. <paivEtOl nws dnoto OEV jlnopEi va OlOjlatnoEl mv ExnAnxuxn OloOoon ms yeas EmOlnjlns. nOAltlKOi, KaAAlteXVES aAAo KOJ Em­arnjlOVES mv naipvouv am oo13apo XOl epxovlOl va oUjl130UAEU­taUV taUS <jlpEVoMyous. 01 yovEis <jlepvouv to nOlOlo taUS otaV <jlpE­voMyo ylO va ra 13on8noEl va olOAeeOUV jllO araOlOopojlia nou taUS tOlP10ZE1. 01 veOl epXOVtOl va zmnoouv m YVOOjln taU ylO taV xapaXtnpa ms xoneAas nou npOXEltOl va navtpEUtaUV (EVVOEhOl nws taV EmOKemOVtOl <jlepVOvtas XOl mv XoneAa tOUS jlazi - OAO­K1npn ... OXl jlOVO lO xpavio ms). 0 <jlpEVoMyos €XEl yivel E101KOS eni tOU enayye:AjlaUXOU npooavatoAJojlOU, 0 oUjlj30UAos tWV au­VOlKEOiwv, 0 El01KOS Yla mv EmAoyn tau npOOWmK01J EmXElpnOE­wv. Lmv AyyAia XOl taV KavaOo 01 EjlnOplXes oxoMs napaoioouv jla8njlata <PpEVoAoyias Yla taUS 0lEu8uvtes Emxelpnoewv nou Em­8ujlOUV va OlOA€youV ta npoownJKO taUS jle: EnJomjlOVlXO jleoa (KOl auto oiyoupa oos eXEl <jlepEI OlOV YOU KOU noM ouyxpovo) ... H <PpEvoAoyia, teAOs, EnnpeaoE KOJ tauS EyK1njlatoMyous lOU 190u OlOOva. 'OAes 01 8Ewpies taU ne:pi<jlnjlou !lojlnpozo Yla taus «EYKAnjlaUxOus tunous» ompizOVtOl am <PpEVoAoyia. LUyKEKpl­jleva 0 !lojlnpozo EnJvonOE m <PuOloyvwlllxn -nou onjlEpa 13e­I30la 8EWpeltOl KOJ autn ws 1jJEuooEnJarnjln-n onoia unod8EtOl au EenyouoE lO 1jJUXlKO yvwpiojlata XOl liS ta-oEIS tWV av8poonwv ana m <jluoloyvwjlia taUS, OnAaOn to eeWteplKo touS xapaxmplouKo. To 1874 evas <jlpEVoMyos KaAEltOl ora avoxtapa taU MnoKlyxOjl ylO va jlEAEtnOEl mv xpavloAoylKn OlonAaan tWV nOlOloov ms 13a­oiAlooas BIKlOpias! Tov iolO xpovo n AaiOn TOOptOlA <jlepVel ta ayOPOKl ms oE evav Oloonjlo <jlpevoMyo lOU !lovoivou. 0 ylatpOS, a<jlou 1jJaXOUAE1jJE ylO oopa ta Kpavio tau jllKpOU, oEixvovms apKe:­ta- npo13Anjlanojlevos, EinE EnJ<jluAaKllxo: «Xjl ... EeOlpe:llKJ1 nEpi­ntwon, 8a eAEya... Ayanmn Aaion, 0 jllKPOS Ouivotav 8a exel mv lKavomra va avlljlEtWnizEl napOeEVES KataOlooelS KOJ va nEtU­xaivEl nOvtatE autO nou 8eAE1, OivOVlOS mv EVtUnWon all unoxwpEi ons aelOOoE1S tWV avnna-Awv tau». (E, nOAl xaAo nou OEV jlOvtE1jJE KOlOll 8a KanvizEl noupa) ...

II

HcDp&voAoyio lJTO vo~ip Tq~'I npepo, pnopei va J3Mnoupe rous <ppevoMyous OXI Kcm ne­',' plOOOlepo ana IOUS KopnoYJOvvhes, W PEVOOUP, IOUS

" .aolpoMyous n IOUS lOXUOOKIUAOUPYOUS, opu>s Ov8pU>nOl .. onU>s ° rKOA, ° InoupwxOJp, ° Kopn KOJ ° MnpouoE, 8eU>­

pouoov IOUS eouIOUS rous u>s oAn8lVOUS emmnpoves, uno mv Ev­VOla on npoon080uoov va OlO<pUAOEouv roy emompovlKo Xopo­Klnpo ms <DpevoAoyios u>s KAoOOU ms !mpIKns. NJ..0 Oev pnopei va emU>8ei IO i010 KOJ Y10 IOUS neplooolepous onoOous rous. noM vU>pis, OIO<p0POl epooHExves, IUXoOJCI>KleS KOl onmeroves KOIE­KAUOOV ro en<'ryyupo, KOvOVIaS oKopn KOl Ia pEvnoup, nou n ne­Amdo rous pelu>volov K08npeplvo, vo ayovOKrouV... l::rov Kovo­00 KOl oe 0plOj.lEveS nOAels ms ApeplKns n <DpevoAoyio KOIOvmoe va yivel oPPOOlomlO... IU>V pnoppnEpnoU>v nou lpOXOUAeuov Ia Ke<poAlo IU>V neAmrov IOUS KOl poipozov <ppevoAoY1KES oupJ3ouMs pe pIa npo08em emJ3opuvon oro UpoMylO rou EupiopOIOS nrou KOUpEpOIOS! l::mv Eupronn unnpxov «<ppevoAoyol» nou EOlVOV oupJ3ouMs... 01' olu\nAoypo<pios! NJ..o n nopoKpn ms <DpevoAoyios OIa lEAn rou 190u OlroVO ovn­mOlxouoe pe pJO J308PlOio eyKOIoAellpn ms ano rous oAn81vous emmnpoves. HnpooOos IU>V OVOIoP1KroV peAelrov KOIEppmle plO­plO us un08EoelS rou <DpOVIS rKOA. 01 <puOloMyOl KOIEAnEov va nopooexrouv AU ° eYKE<pOAOS oev OOKei Kopio nieon oro Kpovio KOl OUVEnros 01 KPOVIOI<€:S eEOYl<rooels Bev E:XOUV Kopio OXE:on pe Ia OIO<p0PO KEvlpO rou E:yKe<pOAou. Xu>pis mv ovoroplKn ms J3oon, n <DpevoAoyio Oev oElze nMov dnmo. 01 Ylmpoi mv eyKole­AellpOV 0P100KO ons OpXES rou 200u OlrovO. Omooo, pexpl KOl lO peoo ms OeKoedos rou 1930 eEoKoAou80uoe va yomeuel IO K01VO,

onU>s ouvEJ3n omv EK8eon Century of Progress IOU IlKOyO, onou 01 onplOupyoi rou 1puxoypa­gJOV, plOS ouoKeuns nov vnod8elol on pnopou­oe va KOvel olu\o KOl va eKIUnrooel omopmo oro xopd pIa nMpn <ppevoAoY1Kn olOyvU>on, EylVOV nAouolol pEOO oe Aiyes pEpes. Om60o Kon EpelVe ana mv nopoEevn OUln lpeu­ooemmnpn -Kon nou U><pE:AnOe ovunoAoYIOlO IlS IOIPIKES epeuves- KOl OUIO nIOV n 10eo on ° eYKE<pOAOS eivOl n eopo Oo<pros evIOmopEvU>v 1010InIU>v. H <DpevoAoyio nporo8noe us oU>mES 18E:es on ° E:yKE<pOAOS eivOl n eopo ms OKelpnS, ms OVdAnlpnS, rou xopOKlnpo 1<0l IU>V OUVOl­

08npOIU>V 1<000n OlOcpopeI1KopEpn IOU E:yl<ecpOAou eu8uvoVIOl Y10 OIOCPOPWKES VOnIlI<ES AeHoupyies. 'OpU>s, eKeivn mv enoxn nou ep<povimnl<e n <DpevoAoyio nIOV OUVOIO va peAem80uv povo eyKE­CPOAOI vel<prov, yeyovos nou oev J3on8noe 1<080AOU roole va evrom­OIOUV EeK080po 1<0nOlO eyl<ecpOAIKO KEvlpO nou va eu8uvoVIOl YIO os VOnnl<ES AeHoupyies. H povn epnelpll<n onoOelEn nou eixov unolpn rous 01 cppevoMyOJ nIOV n nepimU>on rou <Dlveo rl<eHZ, evos ov8pronou nou °xopoKlnpos IOU olu\oEe OpaponKo OCPOIOU I<Op­<pro8nl<e oro K€<POAI rou Eva oi&po: 0 rl<eHZ nIOV emmoms plOS opooos epymrov nou I<mOOKeUOZOV Olonpoopopous oro BeppovI OIOV ouveJ3n ro muxnpo. "npIV ana ro OIuxnpo fHOV EvOS lKOV6­lOros 1<01 anoOonKos epyoonyos, l<onOlOS nou eixe Eva noM AOYI­1<0 puoM 1<0l nou tOlVe mv evnJnU>on evos IelpanEpoIOu emxelpn­pOIio". Melo IO OIuxnpo «eylve nopOEuOj.llKOS, ooeJ3ns KOl unep­J3oA1KO xuooios, oeixvovlOs et-oxlmo oeJ3oopo YIO IOUS ouvov­8pronous roU.'HIOV enions ovunopovos KOl nelOj.lOIopnS, olu\OI<OJ ommos KOl ovonocpoOloIOS, pn pnoprovlOs va oleKnepOlrooel lO pelu\ovIlKo IOU OXE010». AUla IO nopooelypo, 13E130lO, un08eiKVue m OXEon rou eYKecpoAou pe IOV xopoKlnpo, aN-a oiyoupo oev anoOeiKVUe dnolO OXeIlKO pe roy POAO IU>V KpOV10Krov uJ3rov, nou nIOV KOl n j300n ms cppevoAoyios. 'Onu>s KOl va E:Xel, opU>s, 01 8eU>pies !ou rKOA KOI IU>V peIE:neHO

cppevoMyu>v, eoU>oov pIa ro8non OIlS epeuves npos m OU>­mn I<OIeu8uvon, nopoAo nou ames OJ epeuves IeAll<O

EPIEov oe oxpnodo mv iOlo m <DpevoAoyio. NJ..0 KOl °npoopopos IOU rKOA, ° nepicpnpos 1\0­J3OIep, oev EexoomKe evleAros. H <DuOloyvu>pIKn rou eEeAixmKe om onpeplVn XopoKmpoAoyio nou e€o­

KOAou8d vo dVOl pexpl 1<0l onp€po ms pooos. 01 ouyxpovOJ xopoKmpoMyOJ 1<080ploov pe eninoves, onU>s loxupizoVIOl, OlOIlOIlI<ES ep€uv€s m oxton pe­

lOEu rou oxnporos IOU npooronou -I<Oll<onme oM­KAnpou rou OKeAerou- 1<01 IU>V OIOCPOPU>V xop0l<m­POAOY1KroV Iunu>v.'EwI yevvn8nK€ n \jJuxOPOPCPOAO­

yio. NJ..6 OUIO eivOl IO 8epo evos olu\ou op8pou ... S

mAH-mA H~t9E o ANepOnOr - MHXANH

ntpo ono to Av9poonJvo'OpJO

«L1UOTUXWS n €UWXWS, 0 av8pwnos EYlV€ m npwm npoiov ms €€eAl€ns nou dVOl ll<avO va €€OUOlOW mv €€EAl€n. Amo eivOl €va jJeyaAo jJuoulPlO nou auvexizel va dvm aAUto jJexpJ OJlpepa. KI aUtO oev elvOl napa 0 1010S 0 av­8pwnos, 0 onolos jJOlOZ€1 npOOplOj.le:VOS va npo€Kw8d

1<01 va €en€pOOel K08€ jJumnplO... »

(Q)pavoou6 ZaKOj.ln, ~pa~do NOj.lnEA Q)UOloAoyias)

HNto M~xov~ "'l1opxEI pIa oo~apn m8ov6mw nws j.lla j.lEpa 80 e:lj.laon:

, d' lKavoi va OX€OIOOOUj.l€ j.lia '].lnxavJ1 nou 80 Eival mo EU­.. CjlUllS an6 EjJOS. mWOTE, unapxouv OAWV IWV E10WV 01 j31Q­Y, AOY1KOI nEplOplO'j.lOI OTIS oJOvonUKE:S lKOVOlnle:S j.las, ano

lOV n€plOplO'j.levo apl8j.lo unoAoY10llKWV OlOIXElWV nou EXOUj.l€ 010­8E:0lj.l0 om j.llKPO Eu8pauOTo Kpovio !Jas, '].lEXPl mv n€plOploj.lEvn

OIOPKEJO ms ov8pwmvns zCJ)ns I<OJ 10Vapyopu8j.lO j.l€ 10V onoioyivovWl OeKIO anolO npoowmKO '].las oUomj.lo lO €IO€PXOj.levo datO.L1EV UnOpX€1

OUOlaOUKO KovevasA6yos YJO va '].las OVayxOO€1 va uno8e:OOU'].lE OU aumi KOJ OllOl napopolol nEplOplO'j.loi 80 IOXUOUV KOI YJO lO KO'].lmoulep lOU '].lEAAOVlOS.

eo dvOJ noM mo €UKOAO YIO W KO'].lmoUI€p va '].la8aivouv ano to Ao8n 10US, ollo KOJ va KOTexouv aulOUOlO mv €'].ln€lpio IWV nA€KlpOVlKWV npoyovwv mus

(KOl va m '].l€to<Pe:pouv OTOUS anoyovous mus), Ylall la vea KOj.lmoUI€p j.la8aivouv napa nOA­M npOyj.lma ano us «€'].ln€lpI€S» !CJ)V nOAOlo­IEpWV KOpmOUI€p, avri8€ra ana IOUS ov8pw­nous nou Oev j.la8oivouv (000 nollo ono 10US npoyovous mus. EmnMov, av 80 '].lnopouoa­

PIXIl"'Hor MIl"PIWETfIr nliltlUnflr flIlItINOI/,lnJl"I

Oto BUo Eva j3ouvo n va onKwooupe: eva pe:­yOAO j3poxo, KAn. To owpa pas, 0 vous pas KOl 0 OpyavlapOS pas, exouv oUYKeKpJpeVes q>UOloAoY1Kes npoolaypaq>es, us onoies 6ev pnopoupe va unepj30upe pe q>UOlKO lpono. Kl opws, KOla­q>epvoupe peoa ana mv K08e ei80us lexvoAo­via pas va €e:nepoooupe oAa to napanovw OPlO, aKopn KOl oMa noM ne:plooole:pa...

pelO ea OlapmnOeJ n e€eAI€n lOUS, Kal eivOl eni­ons napoAoyo va mOleuoupe on 8a pnopoupe navlOte va ns auvaywvlzopaOle oe 11<avomles, o'6v8ean KOl ooq>ia. Ave€opmto anolO av 8a Ka­loq>epoupe n OXI va exoupe eAeyxo enovw ons pnxoves pexpl leAous (KOll nou eivOl apq>ippo­

rJe va m<eOJa00Upe ~iQ' J.lnxavn euq>vemepn ana epos, eiVOl KOll l'Iopanavw on6 j3e~ClTJ0 6 aun, n pnxavn lJe rn oelpo rns eo IJno­pouoe va KOla01<e:u6oe:1PlO pnxavn e:Uq>UE:Ole:pn ana mv iOlO. o l:,p. Morvin Minsky lOU M.l.T., E:Xe:1 npoq>me1jJel: «Ka8ws 01 pnxaves e:~eAiooovlOl, 8a apxiooupe va napampou­pe oe aUles OAO eKeivo to q>Olvopevo nou ouvoeovlOl pe rous opous "ouvei8non", "epnveuon" Ka] "vonpoouvn". l:,ev eivOl eu­KOAO va nel Kaveis noaa KOVIO j3ploKopaole 0' aulO lO Kmwq>Al, aMo Olav 8a lO olaoxiooupe ° KOOPOS Oe:v 8a eivOl nOte ~avo 0 iOlOS. EivOl napoAoyo va mOleuoupe: Oll 01 pnXOVE:S 8a yivouv oxe06v 000 euq>uns eiVOl 0 av8pwnos (n eAoxlOla Alyolepo) KOl

no). n q>uon lWV opaomplOullwV pas, lWV epnel­P1WV pas KOI IWV q>lAOOO~IWV pas, 80 aMo€el P1ZlKa e€anios ms napouoias ovrolnlwv ovwlepns euq>ulas om fn ...» AA1a n mo aMnyopJKJl onAwon OXell1<O pe m oup,Biwon lOU av­8pwmvou j3lo-Kopmoulep KOl lOU nAeKlpovlKOU eyKeq>aA1Kou nOl­OIOU lOU, exel yivel ana lOV l:,p. Irving John Good lOU Trinity College ms O€q>opons: «1-1 npwm une:p-euq>uns pnxavn eivOl n le:­Aeutoia eq>eupean nou Xpe:laZelOl va Kavel 0 av8pwnos ...»

To 'OPIO

To av8pwmvo ov, pnopei peoo om ouvei6non lOU va vlw8el

: "eAe?8epo, opw~ n 0~8elO eiVOl ~ll nep~KUKAWVeIOl ' , ana OUYKeKplpeva opla, to onOla pOlazouv va anOte:AOUV mv

\, Ipu8J,llon lOU «KmaOKeuaOln» nou e:xe:1 npoj3Ae:q>8ei YJa €:pas. nepa ano la avanoq>eUKlO opla lOU xwPOxpOVOU KOl lOU 8OVOlOU, unopxouv a1<opn neplooole:pa to onoia opws eow KOl noMa xpo­vIa exouv apxioel va opq>loj3mouvlOl ana lOV av8pwno, 0 onoios 1<ave:1 to navto Yla va to €e:nepaOe:I. (PUOlOAOYIKO, 6ev pnopoupe va znooupe Olo vepo, om q>Wlla n OlOV oepa, 6ev pno­poupe va nelo~oupe, 6ev pnopoupe va avle€ou­pe oe peyaAeS taxutmes, oe noM u1jJnMs n no­M xapnMs 8epPoKpaoies, 6ev pnopoupe va al<ouooupe unepnxous nunonxous, 8ev pno­poupe: q>UOlOAOYIKO va emKolvwvnaoupe 01'10 paKplves anootooels, oev pnopoupe va ovaKa­AOUpe: Cipe:oa Aemope:peis pvnpes peyoAns no­AunAoKolmas, oev pnopoupe va 60upe oe OAO to onUKO q>aapa, 6e:v pnopoupe va K01jJOupe

\,' ' ·pl. npOe:Kle:ivellO XtPllOU pe lO q>lUOPI, pe:yaAwve:1 mv lL'.....1-1-..7~ BUvapn K01 mv AenoupY1Komla lOU YJO to oUyKe1<plpEvO tp­yo, pnopei va TO Kavel 1<0l oe OKopn peyoMlepo j308po, xel­plZOpevOS pIa pnouAvloZO neva yewlpunavo. Av j3piaKelOl omv ma80 8ev IJnopei va OKouoel KonOlOV nou PIAO omv AUOlpOAio, pe lO neploplopEvns 6UVOlOmtoS

ana n~ou aud lOU, Yl' aulo npoeKleJve:1 lo aud lOU pe: pIa ouoKeun nou MyelOl «mMq>wvo», npoeKle:ivel 10 pau tou pe pIa ouoKeun nou MyelOl «mAe:opaon», Yla va ta€J6e:uel paKpJVEs onoOlooe:IS npo­e:1<leJvel to aBUvapa noOla lOU pe: lpOXOUS, K.O.K. Emvowvlas KOl q>opwvtoS e:16IKES moMs, pe:mMoooe:1 npoow­pJVo lo owpa lOU Kl tlOl q>opwvms pIa avlJnuplKn moM aplavlOu pnope:i va Klvn8e:i pEoa om q>WlIO, q>opw-

np,O£KT£ivoVTO~ TOV 'AvBpwno av8pwnos oe:v pnopei va OK01jJe:1 eUKoAa pIa peyoAn lpuna

I r; 010 xwpo, KaJ Yl' ~IOlO~ My~ xpnOlponOJei,Eva lexv~lo xe­: ~ pI nou lOV K0810to IKavO Yla lelOles eKoKaq>es: lo q>lUa-O

VtGs pJO moM CUm pnopd va KJvn8d peoo ow vepo, <jlOpwvtGs plO «Avn-G» ow.An mM­IOU pnopd va ovleeel ons peyo.Aes meoelS ~JlOS

lOxtnoms mnons, <jlOpWVlOS plO olO.An OOIPO­voum pnopei va Klvn8ei 010 Oloompa KOl oe o-".Aous n.Aovnles, <jlOpWVlOS plO <jloppO oeoo­pevwv pnopd va Klvn8ei oKopn KOl peoo 010 Kopmoulep, mov «Ku~epvoxwpO».

IenepvwvlOs pe moMs ns KOlooKeuoollKes oouvopies IOU OWpOlOS IOU, pnopd va Klvn8d oe pepn onoyopeu­pevo YJO lO J3npOlo IOU, pe Iponous onoyopeupevous ana mv <jlU­an nou oev npoiKloe lOY OPYOV10PO IOU pe Itroles OuvOlomlEs. o 6v8pwnos npOeKIElVeJ lOY €QUIO IOU peoo ana mv lEXVO.Aoyio KOl us e<jleUpeOels IOU. 2:up<jlWVO pe lOY peyO.Ao Olovomn ms veos enoxns pas, lOY MOpoo.A MOK.AoUov, Ko8E doous «media», o.Ao lO lEXVo.A0Y1KO peoo, Oev ElvOJ nopo plO npoeKlOon ms ov8pwmvns oVlolmos, pE le.AlKn KOleu8uvon va pelO-".Aox80Uv lO novlO oe n.Anpo<jlopio. ~nploupYOUPE evov KOOPO ana povOJ pas, oov pl­Kpoi 8eoi, oUlOOXeOJOZOVlOS KOJ ovuypO<jlOVlOS m ~nplOupyio,

KOllOUIOXPOVO petG-".AOoooupe lOY €QUIO pas lexvmo YlO va KOlolKnoel pe o.Ao KOl peyo.AUIEpn .AEHOUpYlKolmo OlOV lexvmo onploupynpevo KOOPO pas. 2:uP<jlWVO pE lOY npO<jlnllKO MOpoo.A Mo­K.AOUOV, KOlO KonOlo lpono ~y6zoupe 10 KevlplKo VEUplKO pas ouampo eew ana lOY eoUlo pas. Me lOUS m.AemKolvwvlO­KOUS OOpU<jlOpOUS, mv m.Aeopoon, 10 m­M<jlwvo, 10 pOOlO<jlWVO, lO OiKlUO lWV KO­

pmOUlep, oMK.Anpn n ov8pwnomlO npoeKlEivEl lOY EOUIO ms, 10 i010 10 OIOPO ouppelexel pE plO lOlOpOp<jln «2:uvOlo8noio» npoEKldvoVlOS lO veuplKo lOU ouompo KOJ ouvoeo­VlOS lO pe lO veo ou.A.AOYlKO KEVlPl­KO VEUplKO ouompo ms ov8pwno­lmos, oMK.Anpos 0 n.Aovnms nEpJ­~O.A.AeIOJ ono eva pouxo vonons nou oonyd am mOOloKn PEIO.A.Aoen IOU KOOpOU.

OJ n.AEKlpOV1Kes IExvO.AoyiEs EivOJ npoeKlooels IOU Kevlpll<oU veu­PIKOU oumnpolOs pas oe n.AovnUKn K.AipOKO, KOlOPYWVlOS lOY xw­.po KOJ lOY xpovo. npooeyyizoupE KOl mv le.AlKn <jloon IWV npoe­Klooewv IOU ov8pwnou, npoxwpoupe oKopn KOJ oe eva doos IE­XVO.AoylKns npooopoiwons ms ouveionons, KOHl mv onoio n 8npl­oupylKn OlOOlKooio ms yvwons 80 eXEl npoeKlo8ei OU-".AOylKO KOJ POZ1KO mo oUvo.Ao ms ov8pwmvns KOlvwvios, OE eva nayKOO).110 OU-".AOylKO oauvEiomo ms n.Anpo<jlopios KOl lWV peowv, 10 onoio 80 eeE.Alx8ei OE plO nOyKOaplo npooopolwuKn auveionon-oiKlUo pe mv onoio O.AOl 80 EivOJ ouvoEoepevOJ...

Yn&pOloB~O&I~

HEnovomoon IWV n.AEKlpOVlKWV uno.AoylOlwv KOJ lWV vewv neoiwv e<jloppoywv KOl epEuvos

, nou 6nplOupyel. 06nyEi OE plO OVOKOlOOKeun .'.. lOU oumnpOlos IWV Olo8noEwv pas, eEnEpVW­VlOS lO ov8pwmvo opJO, oyyizovlOs neoio ovunoM­Ylmwv npoeKlooewv. ntpo ana mv KOlOOKeun n.AeKlpovlKWV Olo8mnpiwv KOl EnEeEpyoarwv YJO opoon, nxo, o<jln, oopn KOl oKon, n Eee.Alen lWV n.AeKlpOV1KWV uno.Aoywlwv KOJ IWV .AOylKwv ou­oKeuwv, 80 <jlepeJ KOl no.AMs KOl­

-[AX3H'('(O)l 'ACP)llAoyOAX31 'ACP)lIAOrlU!D[U3 -AOO

-30l,ldX lOX AcpAorldod>3 0lg3U 9A08m 01 3rl1)01001AOd>

OA 'OlOAl)gO [OX SOO01 'Oyoxol)g I)YOU [DAB '10l3AIA UOU1X

-J?lOX O?A mti 'J?Ad3U flOU sodcp SUI 9lU3y 3SJ?>I :91nO 31~?O

-odLJ 'flOA9dx flOl otioOd?U 01 3ti 'S303tiJ? om [ox 0'1'9 'S~10Aflg

om [Ox 0'1'9 's3Y9A3rl om [Ox 0'1'9 [OlAOAlA S[30lfSOlO S3?A 10"'»

:[30cpyug 13X? DlA9dx J?Y

-you [Ox cpg3 '«AOO30lfS0[Od3Ufl» AOO?A AOOl otiu1lfz 01 OA?ti

-0l0lU3 [30lf13Y3ti [3X~ SOIOUO 0 lOX 'lAdod>Ar;>l1 010 Slf)([O

-nd> lOX A0l30AldLJ 010 SlfXllOllOlD odg? AUI 13X?lO)l SOIOUO

o 'so?d>odAAno [OX Slf1UAfl3d3 's9XCOfld> 'A3X?lN d>3z9 z1 0

., '130lf1UZOAO 13X? AU1

flOU UIX?g AOI sodu '003rl9 'florlo9X flOl oprl

-uo 310Ul,IgO[OUO 30 'soldod>oduyu SUI uoog -913ti U10ll)XOl [OX Sl,I9[dxo U:j.10dSUDJjOJul (v

'''Slffl3)lOflO sDlrl S9rlo[d[3X SOA[ucpds

-AD 0 30I)0douti 08 A3g flOU sflou9d1 3ti 'ud>

-9xood30 lOX sflod9d>fldog Al)oAugosox nou

'l)orlmyoloAoOodu lOX SUOAflSI)31OX 'SUOUA

-IX s3dlflusmo 'UOUAI)ld3Un :uofjowJad,{H (£ "'oA9d> mA flOlUOUI) S9A3

[XJ?)(OO 010 OOAr;>U 'I)O[YOlom s9A3 1)0llflOdouti

flOl «D!OticpUfllOUO 9X[Yfllxog" 01 lOX If 'ACP1fld>

AOOl I)Orlo[yOg0l3ti fl01 UAXI 01 'flOWd>3xA3 flOl

AOO19rlurl1 AcpX[g[3 0IAdflOH3Y AU1 'SUAp1oodu

smrl 0IAdflOH3Y AU1 's3xorllYX Sjlxruoxoodx

-[rl OlD[XJ?Y30d[3UO 30 'm391dxo 3rl 'AOOlJ?rtA[3g

u038A1)O l,I)([rlux AU1 [31)3AX[AO OA 010 138urouorl

-wudx OA 13dourl 'OIUO)(OOlOrlOOd> [OX old>odA

-olOtioodx :,{do::>sOJPadS -,{ljdDJ!50jDWOJIj:J (Z ". jSflOXIOl sno19uo OO?rl

[3U?Y8 OA [0)( J?YYo 'sl30cpMmg S?X!loo[g[ [3Ar;>X

OA mA 'flOl SOlOticpO n01 oAoAd9 9)([d31OO03 01

0'1'9 '!lplO 010 flOl d311)0rutiOX nOl OOO?ti 13U?yg

OA pdouti OS 'AOOXlfd3Un AOOl OtiUlDl)0 01 3rl

SOAjl80x 0 '9d[OX oAl'( 3~ 'l,IX[d10[ AUlD 'X'U 'S13ti

-01 Sl)oyyOU 30 [0l13£OUOtiwudx [ox J?YYO [01

-3Z1UOIA3 lOX ugf-L '[30I)0XO OA 13douti SOuoodSAr;> 0 nou S?lflO 9 UO

s3d319yurfm I)YOU S3lU19AXflO 30 SOXlf If SOXUd?Ufl :punOSDJlfn ({ :soti U0389[9 U10 S[30lfSOlO S3'('(9 lOX AfloAd?d> «lotio

-[AoAdo IO)([AOdlX3YU» [0 '01g3u 9XlluAAotiodlX3YU 01 9UO OO~3.

'Al)osudulOdou OA A9lDAfl9 A01l,1

A3g OdCP1 [dx?ti nou S[309lOm9 30 'm38ldxo 3rl psud>odAOldox

OA pdouti SOj~oYOJ 0 'mAJ?flOA 'l0ti0l30 'AcpOOg s?[AoxdflU 'SDl3A

-d?A3 u0l,ldx •Acp[3Ad3[YYOX AcpX!lodAo S3Xl,ISAfl~ :J?XllflYOAO AI)OlO

-o[O(lodou OA [OX AI)080lU01A3 OA Al)odouW '19utiod AcpxmX[O

l,I 'AOOllfACXOlflO 'AOO'(I)odflU uouAlfg080x UIO AI)08urouorlwudx OA

Al)odouti S31U19AOX[ [0 S~llflO !l9 '91UOAOlOX 0YOXI)3 9X!l3XO [OAG

'9rto[doodu 9X1Y31 AOI 9UO S130J?100UO S!l 3rl 'OlU11)X01

AU1 3ti 'U03jU l,IxldlOd>OOtilD AU1 3ti 'od?o A0l3rl UO?XO 30 Sfl009)(0

S9A3 SJ?[XOd1 s?Aoyyo AI)O[OUOlOrlAodu OA lOX AflOZlAoyoufl ON (9 'sOd>Og?Ufl 010 lOX uti9xo '0000'1'98 U1 9UO

OO19X lOX url9xo 'Aflod>J?dAolDX SflOl OA [Ox snoxlf 3AI)OXO ON (S

'OlOticpO 9X[dlOO lOX 0l9AOA3A 9X[dlOO AflOI)3AX[AO ON (v 'AflOZlAAo

01 OA Sldoox 'oA3tiI3X[lAO 30 S01U19tid3S s?dod>mg AflOU?Y8 ON (£

'AflOI)YOAO 01

OA [Ox AflOZ9wuyu flOU 0A3rll3xnAO 9XI'('(013ti [01A0Ar;>SOIO ON (Z

'dJ?lAOd

3ti 'oA3rlp)(IlAO oA3rlI)OACX AQ08flOYO)(odou OA lOX AflOZIU01A3 ON ({

:J?AO)(1 IOAp s3dlflU801O SflOYUYYJ?lOX 3rl 0A;'lrl3g3gAno lOA

-13 flOU d311)0mrlox '01g3u 9X[lUMOrlod1X3YU OlO 'lfrtAllO U1 Al,Ilfl\;j

'sfloucpdSAO SflOl mA 01Od90

IOAp 0IOUO 01 'solOti09d> I)OX[lUMorlod1X3YU nOl 0lg3U 010 «[3U

-?Y9» OA 9AOX[ IOAp 'd91AOd lfn3xoflo mti 3ti OA?ti3g3gAflO d311)O

-tutiO)! OA3:S(logo S?X[AS3 S[lO SOlUll)XOl flOldo nOl S[3098odou

sn [3ZIUOIA3 OA If S[309d> S?X[lUYSO [3d>9dA010X OA [OX [dx?rl AOO19 ti

-UXO lOX Acpd>oxood30 Sl30l,lAlX Sll [3ZIUOlA3 OA 019UO 's?Aotidod>3

S31Udl?rlO 30 lO1j3[OUOticoudx nou 'dJ?lAOd nOl S31AdnOH3Y Sll

3ti [OA?rlOO[3X[0~3 u9lf 3lO0ti!3. :ortA[3gJ?dou 9)(!lOldUDlDdox OA3.

'l)orto[S3d30A3rt

-9ACOd> J?X[luAAortodDI3YU 30 [OlAOZldulO OS S[30lfSOIO [0 S?lflV 'sum

-uypAO Sl,IxruooO

-odu 0lg3U O?A

tD~ scpe0)l 'o[A

-lfxoodu 010 Sl30

-lfS0[O S3[AdI)OA

OA mA l30>l OA 13U?du

[d?x 9>lIAovowo.d> 01 eyA3 '-91d>lOrl9UO -911(l)d> Ul [38eylA OA 'X'U 'O[Ol?l

11-9>l mA plomg3xo AD '9>llond> 01 9UO odoAlf.dA OIU OAn.9Al>l ADA? [30CfJ[IJ. OA 30~odourl 08 SOV?rl 9>lIlOUriod OA? :SOV?rl 9>lIAov0[O -o.d> OA? 3rl SOV?r19>lllourlod 0A? 3rlnooeydo.Olomg OA 3rlf,lodouW«

jOd3rllf.0 ldx?rl 13d?d>01O>l OA 30f,l0dourl A3g o.ou 0lAdo.OH3V mrl

PV3HU3 OA -98u09 01 OA nou '0.00 [d?x 010 SOV?r1 9>l1'('(0l3rl 0138° -9du1U3 0A? 'X'U 'UV?rl -91UAX31 013809dmu3 SP1380UOl OA 1O>l -9V

-yo '0.00 UV?rl 01 S[3AeynV3g OA OA9rl [X9 S!3dourf De 'UrlOA~g Ud31 -f,lVOA3rl3r11O>l Od319vum [39guu OA mA oAeynrl91uAx31 mOl?l ADA?

3rlnoAX911d> (lm OA 1O>l S-9r1 30 1013Xd? OA sm0U!?>l 1O>l pdourl 08 10l? 'orlV-9 0WA3r1 [3Al9 0.01 1O>l mdlf.loV3 ADO l3[OuOrl[Oudx AOl [01

-3Aeydl3uono AD19 (lOU '0.01 0[99U 010 oAeyo.rl9>l[g[3 ADA? 'Slf.AOVlU3 slf.>l[O(ld> SUl (l)0?r1 '-9A[O--9A[o [3j~lUOAD [3X? eydo.o>l,\o>l 01 S(I)UO,<'

.. ,od319'(um f,lVou [3-9gUU OA 'X'U '0.01 S31U191OAn.g SU [3AP1>l3U3 OA pdourl 08 'UV?rl 0.01 -9>l[AOVOlOo.d> 01

3r1 'orlo19 9>lIAoV0[Ond> S(I)!3V31 OA3:lf.>lIlU801O AUlO lO>l If.>luurlOO>l AUlO 01Orlf,l08 3rlo.0AJ?>l OA 1O>l -9'('(0 'S3ldUUOAD If. S?[rluz S3V-9A3rl 3rlo.OAey8dolg[U3 OA 3r1~odourl 08 AO?VUlU3 '010rlO?V310UO 010.310 -lUO 3rlo.OX? 08 Orl01Af,lD 'SOV?rl9>l[ADxurl 010 1O>l OrlUlO~O 9>l[dn3A 010 003r1-9AD SO!A(I)A[0>llU3 lV-9AO>l 0A? SOlAOAX-911d> '[OlAO~3lrl.d>

-rl3 (lOU Ul010d>llrl A(I)l m38lf.09 AUl 3rl S(I)rlO 'OrlUl0f,l0 9>l[do.3A 01

3r1 003rl-9 3rlf100?gAf10 01 OA A9dou 01 sodu 3r1~odourfA3g -9'('(0 'au

-(I)d8AJ? ADA? 3019urlod-[d:JX 0A? 3r1noV9g OA 3rl~odourl'od3rllf.1«

·slf.0>lO S?lf1XOlA3 lO>l S31990lOrlug s(I)u9 S?f13>lO

-f10 S3>l0VU~Vou 3r1f,l010UOrlwudx mA9dx [OO>lP lO>l eyg3 'olxnHu3 3rl1013AlA uglf. 91nV '9r!olADAdo OAlUeyd8AD AOlO OO?rl sorl sop>l03do SUl u!Olod>l[r1 3r1no~3lrl.d>r13 OA OlU1910Ang AUl 3r1nOX? 08 '~Vou 01

'mA9dx O>l?g 31 '0l38pAD 01 13f,lxm u9 AnOZ!r1oA [OU(I)d8

-AJ? lod319001d3U 10 '91rlUZ

mou-9>l !3lDOUn 13X? nou SOV?r19>llond> 013rlnooey8dor9 OA -9dou 'orl -eyo oAlUeyd8AD 010 SOV?r19>l[ADxurl 0A? [3Url OA 0V0>lf,l3 Olu lOA}3'"''

:SOP301A3UO>l3g odu

0.01 Ujn31A?An.O 30 OlAOd?d>mgA3 ~VOU Slf.j3 01 130?80l0>l [3X? 'Aeyl -noAodlOO A(I)l slf.Aorldooodu 010rl?8 30 VSVN SUl sovnogrlf,lo S9>l -[g[3 'slf.>l[Adnod[3X Slf.>lIlOOVU SUl Slf.1UA -n3d3 s9>lmdoUOl(l)du lO>l sl,l>l[Adnod[3X

SUl sl,lluAu8°>l "V'U'I-{ A(I)l SU} 0"1 -n1U.9IJ.1f lOX SUOD1D91DXOUIf IJ.g1IJ.; : -nad3 nod11l?>l (l0>uIJ.B3 0.01 Slf.1A J. I -f18n3[9 S9>l[dlO[ 'A3Z9d d>3z9z1

~oll(r)d9A". ~9)1JA0I9' 0

«' "SOlUAf,l3d3j3AD 1O>l Sl,lADXO lOA -l3 sorl-9lOoduri [0l3AlOADj nou sorl09>l SO?A 0 'A(I)30lf.801O 31A?U A(I)l orlo -9>l Am 3rlnoOlf.An3d3j3 OA mA9dx mdf,lrlrlOlO>l3 3dlf.U SOW'" AqJ>l -llOOn3>lOOlO>l 'AqJ>l[dlO[ 'Aey>l

onpaveJ ouvayeppo. eo pnopoup€ va n€IUXOUP€ noM p€yaMl€pn lKa­VOlma ovtiopaons O€ €EUll€plKa €P€­8iopma, eva np008€10 peAos 80 pno­p€i va OVllOpaO€1 noM mo ap€Oa KOI

ypnyopa n.x. Yla va anOKpOUO€1 p10 yp081a n Yla va mao€1 pIa pnoAa. eo pnopoup€ va n€pJopiooup€ onpovllKolO noooOlo alU­xnpolwv... M10 noM vEa KOI napoE€vn auyn Enp€pWV€1 Yla 10 ov­8pwmvo owpa, KOl npen€l va npO€IOlpaOlOUp€ va mv uno8E:xlOu­P€ P€ lpuxpOlpia KOI xwpis n81KEs ovaOloMs... ».

METO·'Av9pwno~ DE ITO(j1O NEOTOvfo~·O-oUYYPO<j>Eas fouiAlap fKipnoov, 0 nmEpas IOU CyberPunk,

eX€1 OnAWO€1 O€ ouvevl€UEn IOU: I; ~ «...navlOl€ €KnAnOOopOl OIOV OUVOVIW av8pwnous nou I,' . 'vlw80uv Oll n I€XVoAoyia €ivOl KOll nou J3piOK€101 EEw anolO alOpo, Kall nou pnop€i 0 Ka8evas va 10 anOO€Xlei n va 10 anoppi­lp€l - KI aUIO iows va eiVOl aAfl8€la KOIO pia evvo1O - aAAo 0' aUIO 10 onpeio IOU nalxvIOIOU, €peis eipaOl€ n I€XVoAoyia.Txoup€ €E€­AIx8€i O€ KOll noM KOIvoupylO. nIOl€UW, nws eva apK€IO P€yOAO PEPOS IOU nayKooploU nAn8uopou O€V €ivOl nMov ov8pwmvo. Ei­VOl ME1O-av8pwmvo (Post-Human). »LUAAOylOleil€ n.x. llS €mAoyEs O€ oXEon P€ mv uyeia, evos €Ka­IOPPUP10UXOU 010 MnEJ3€pAU X1AS, KOI oUyKpiv€l€ I€S P€ autES €VOS ov8pwnou nou n€IVa€1 OIOUS opopous IOU MnCryKAa-Nl€s. 0 av8pwnos 010 MnEJ3€pAU X1AS, pnop€i va ayopOO€1 0I0V €OUIOIOU Eva KOlVOUPYIO O€l ov8pwmvwv opyavwv, pnopei va aAAaE€1 10 npoowno IOU, va P€1OPOpq>WO€J 10 owpa IOU, va Ka8uOI€pnO€1 m ynpovon lWV Kunopwv IOU, va enepJ3€1 010 Op€OO n€pIJ3oAAOV IOU onws 8EA€J. napampeiol€ autO 10 xoopa nou OIEK€I avap€oa IOUS. 0 av8pwnos 010 MnOYKAa-Nl€S €iVOl aKopn av8pwnos. Ei­VOl eva ov8pwmvo ov €VOS aypollKou nAovnm. 0 lunos 010 MnE­j3€PAU XIAS, oev eiVOI ma av8pwnos, eiVOl «Kall OAAO». To ov8pw­

mvo yEvoS OIOO1OKO P€IOAAOOO€IOl. To pEAAOV EX€1 il8n oupj3€l. EivOI €ow ... »

o nOAuouzmnpEvos ouyypaq>Eas fouiAJOP Mnoppoouz, Aiyo KOlPO nplV n€8av€l, €IX€ KOla­8eO€1 KI aUtOS mv 6nolpn IOU navw 010 I€POOllO znmpa ms p€IOAAaEns IOU ov8pwmvou €ioous, OiVOVIOS P€ 10 Myla IOU evov npoowplvo €niAO­yo o· aUIO 10 apq>IAEYOPevo 8epa: «...To npWIO npoypa nou 8a eKOVE evlunwon OE evov enlOKemn ana Kon010V oAAOV nAovinn, 8a n10V n axavns KOl aKOlavonm olaq>opo nou unopXEI OVOpEoa OllS OnElp€S OUVOlOml€S nou EX€1 010 OUVOPlKO IOU 0 av8pwnos, KOl 010 noM PIKPO noooolo 10US nou xpnOJponOl€i Ka8npE­plVO. EivOI npaypallKo noM €VlunwOJaKo 10 ti pnopei va KavEJ 0 OPYOVIOPOS KOl 0 VOUS IOU OV­

8pwnou KOlIO ti lEAIKO KavEl. Koveva OAAO eioos zwns 0I0V KOOPO pas OEV napapevEI 1600 nElopallKO nA1810, 000 10 ov8pwmvo ei­oos. Av 8€wpnOOUpE lOY av8pwno oov eva KOlaoKEuaopa -eva lExvoupynpa- nou EEEAIOOEl lOY EOUIO IOU, n pEAem ms EEMIEns IOU 8a pas anoKaMlp€1 Ii €IVOl aUIO nou O€V nO€1 KaAO KOI nooo xpOVO 0la8EIn aKopn navw Oln fn ... »0 J3JOAOYIKOS pas OX€Olaopos oev 0PIZ€IOll npEn€1 va napap€ivou­P€ KI OAAO 010 Onp€p1VO €E€A1KllKO pas 010010, ylO lOY iOlO Myo nou evas yupivos oev €ivOl OX€Olaopevos va napap€iV€1 ylO no­VIO yupivos, aAAo p10 pEpa va yiv€1 J301paxos. 0 6v8pwnos Exe KOAAnO€1 O€ eva 010010 N€OIOVlaS - onAaon e:lVOI evas opyovI­opos nou EX€I npoaxoAAn8€i ovwplpa, 010 npovupq>IOKO 010­010 ms zwns IOU, to onolo e:lVOI Ka8apo p€laJ3auKO... »nlOl€UW aKpOOOVla, OlllO J310AOY1KO pas n€npwpevo ei­VOl va P€IOAAOEoup€ lOY opyavlopo pas KOlllS Olavonll­KES pas IKOVOml€S, 010 EnaKpo ms €E€AIKlIKns OKOAas, KOI va aq>noOUp€ niow pas m fn, onws aKplJ3ws KOnOl€ Eva 8a­MoOJo OV, 0 npoyovos pas, oq>no€ m 80Aaooa KOl 10 j3poy­xla IOU Yla va ZnO€1 am OI€PIO. To n€npWpEVo pas e:lVOI 010 t.loompa ...»... S

lilAO, .. Turkmenbashi TV, KOl oAa 010 epOVlO napouoiaons E:XOUV mv EIKova lOU Turkmenbashi. OJ nEplooole:pe:S e:lonoe:lS omv m­Ae:opaon, ovaepepovlOI OlOV Turkmenbashi, Ola vopou. 'OAa lO m­Ae:onllKo npoyp6ppOla, ov6pe:oa oe: O,ll napouOJozouv, npE:ne:l va ovaepepovlOl OUXVo KOJ OlOV Turkmenbashi. • 01 VOPOI anaHOuv va ane:1Kovize:lOl 10 npoowno IOU Turkmenbashi oe: oAa lO poMV1a nou epaivovIOl onpooiws, KOI oe: oAa la poMVIO XElpOS. • To e:SvIKO notOlOU TOUpKpe:V10lOv, e:JvaJ €va doos 1301Kas, n 1301­Ka ...Turkmenbashi. • To povo napa50OJOKo noto nou oev MVEIOI Turkmenbashi, e:JvallO Sekerde, (€va doos pnpOvn), aAAO to pnouKoAIO ExOUV omv e:lIKelO lOUS mv e:1Kova lOU pe:yOAOU Turkmenbashi pe: OlOM Olpamyou. • To 2001, 0 Turkmenbashi €yP01jJe: €va 13J13Aio, nou e:JVOJ €vas ow­6uaOJ.los noinans, revisionist history (ovaSe:wpnnKns -evaAAOKll­Kns-lmopias), KOJ nSlKwv OUP~OUAWV, pe: lOY IhAO Ruhnama(olO ne:pOlKo, To BJj3'\fo rns lJ.Iuxr7s). 'OAa lO ~J13AlonwAda ms xwpas e:J­VOl unoxpe:wp€va va 10 exouv om ~llpiva lOUS oe: nOAAo ovdwno, KOI Enions nptnEl va ~pioKelOl OE OAES liS 6npoOJE:s unnpe:oiE:s KOI Ola Ku13E:pVnUKO vpaepe:ia, nclvW OE: €va Ipantzl pE: KapEKAE:s oinAa ana mv e:i0060, ylO va pnopd 0 KaS€vas va KaSio€1 va lO 61a1300EJ E:Ke:J, nva 10 eova6lO1300E:l. LtO lZOJ.llO, lOnOSE:lf:ltOl oinAa 010 Ko­pOvl. flO va anoepollnOE:l €va n0l6i ana 10 OXOAe:JO npen€l va EX€J anoomSioE:J 10 RuhnamalOu Turkmenbashi, 01 eeelooels Kupiws Vi­

'-

TZWplZ 'OPVOUe:A OlO 1984 -lO onoio KaJ e:ixe: anavope:Ule:i om LO­j31e:uKn'Evwon). Kove:is notE 8ev EKove: OUIO nou exove: 0 Turkmenbashi, OXI povo ylO to npoaeplM:s TOUpKpevlOtclv, aMo KOJ pe: nayKoapla npwlOwnia. ea E:npe:ne: va e:iVaJ 0 nYE:ms OAWV pas! flOtl va apKoupaOle: OIlS pE­tple:S anoplpnoe:ls; flOli va apKOupaOle: oe: Kon A1VOle:pO epove:po, Al­yote:po anote:Ae:opanKO, A1YOle:pO evlunwOlOKO, AlyOte:pO Se:lKO;

'Ene:na ano m epplXln C»OAUon ms LO~Ie:nKns'Evwons 10 1991, n oO~Ie:nKn onpoKpOlia (;) lOU TOUpKpe:V10l0V E:yIVe: ave:eOpmlO eSvos, a,\,\o oe:v e:ixe: m olKn lOU tOulomtO. 'Oonou npSe: 0 Turkmenbashi ...

To TOUpKJ.levlOlOv nlOV unolOV n/..ilpn eAe:yxo ms PCJ.XJias, anolole: nou €yrve: lJ.lnpa ms LO~Ie:llKns'Evwons to 1924. To 1991, ene:lla ono mv mwon IOU Koppouvlapou KOJ ms LO~Ie:llKns'Evwans, n xwpa ~pnKe:

lOY eaUIO ms e:.\e:'6Se:po KOJ ove:eopmtO YJa npwm epopo pE:oa oe: oxe:­Mv €vov aJwva. H npwnv paplOVE:la lWV LO~Ie:llKWV, 0 npoe:opos Saparmurat Niyazov, €vas unE:pOXOs OvSpwnos, nou rllov E:napXOs ms LO~Ie:llKns AUIOKpOlopias anolO 1985010 ToupKJ.l€VlmOv, owE:­X10e: va ~piOKe:lOJ omv e:eouoia e:.\E:W Se:ou, KOJIO npo13MpolOu nMov or::v nlov 10 nws va e:106ye:l pIa xwpa n€vte: e:KOlOppupiwv av8pwnwv oe: pIa vE:a e:noxn ove:eapmoias, oulOvopias KOJ OUlopKe:las. To npo­13Mpa nou lOY anaaXOAouoe: nlov 10 on 160e:s 8e:Kae:de:s OO~I€lJKOU

e:.\€yxou e:ixov aepnoe:l m ooeaOJ.l€vn xwpa IOU ToupKpevlOlOv xwpis e:Svll<J11OUlolma.'E10l, 10 1993, npwlKolO nnpe: nOvw IOU va O<I:>Oe:l Oln xwpa KOJ mo eSvos pIa yea loulomlO: ...m olKn lOU!

KOl' apxos, nnpe: 10 npwlKo ovopa Turkmenbashi (Hyirns 6,\wv rwv

TOUpK/l€vWV, pnope:i va yive:l Kmovomo KaJ ws TOUpK/lE:V(jJUp<:p), KaJ ovaKnpUee:, epUOlKO, lOY e:OUIOIOU ws «1001310 npoe:opo IOU €vOO­eOU TOUpKJ.levlatOv». AnOlOle:, aepOOlwSnKe: 010 va pe:lOlP€1ve:l 10 non nov€j.lopepo TOUpKpevlOlclv 010 mo 101aile:po pepos IOU nAovnm pas. l:J.e:v e:ival e:UKOAO va 1000pnSEi oe: AiVe:s oe:Afoe:s 0 13fos KaJ n nOAl­lEla IOU TOUpKp€vOU OUlOU Loune:p:Hpwo, oute: 10 ove:novoAnmo EPYO lOU VIO mv OVElpEpEvn apXEHJmKn nalpi6a 6AWV pas, 10 TOUPKpe:V10IOV, aAM Sa npoonaSnooupe: va napoUOlooOUpe: epe:uvaMa 10 pe:VaAe:io IOU: • To ae:poopoP10 ms npwle:uouoas Asgabat, pe:lOvopoomKe: oe: ... Turkmenbashi. • III oooi IOU Asgabat, ouln m onwn oVOPOZOVlaJ Turkmenbashi. (Turkmenbashi-l, Turkmenbashi-2, Turkmenbashi-3, Mn). • Apelpmol oooi KOl oxoAe:ia oe: OAn m xwpa nMov ovop6zo­VlOl. .. Turkmenbashi. • To 1998, €vas pe:le:wpfms E:ne:oe: 010 TOUpKpevlolOv. 01 IOmKoi e:mOlnpove:s lOY ovopaoov ...Turkmenbashi. • To ovopa ms nOAns nou e:iVaJ 10 pe:yaMle:po A1POvl lOU TOUPKpe:­V10lOv, lOU Krasnovodsk. 6,\,\aee: oe: ...Turkmenbashi. ·°Turkmenbashi anoepoOloe: va a'\'\Oee:lto ovopma lWV pnvwv lOU E:IOUS. nMov, OlO TOUpKpEVIOIOV, 0 lavouoplOS Mye:tOJ. .. Turkmenbashi. °AnpiAlOs Mye:lOl GurbanSoltan Edzhe, nou e:iVaJ 10 ovopa ms pmepas lOU Turkmenbashi. • To 1jJwpi oto TOUPKpevlOlclv Ae:yolOV Chorek (xp, an' 6nou 10 YVWOIO pas «IOOUpEKl», 10 lOUPKIKO npoEpxoVlOl anolO lOUpKpe:­vIK6). nMov lO 1jJwpi Mye:laJ GurbanSoltan Edzhe, one lO ovopa ms pmE:pas lOU Turkmenbashi, e:ne:l5i1 eepllaxvE noM KaAO 1jJwpi, nou 6pe:ze: noM OlOV Turkmenbashi. • 'OAa to mAe:onllKo KavoAJO lOU TOUpKpe:VlOIOV exouv lOY

VOVlcn nOvw OE aUlO. Enions, E~EIOZ€OOJ av el<E1S anoom8ioE1IO Ruhnama, ylO va J3yo­AEIS oinAw].la oonynons, aAM KOl ylO va npooAnep8eis 010 on].lomo. LlO ol<oAda, UnOpl<El ].lia ].lepa K08E EJ300].lOOa, n TEIOP­m, KOla mv onoia oAn n ].lepa aeplEpwvEIOl am ].lEAE:m IOU Ruhnama, KOJ oMwv J3J­J3Aiwv nou el<EI yp61jJEJ 0 Turkmenbashi. To 2006 avaKolvw8nKe: 010 TOUpl<].lEVIOlOv OU n J3aml<n npouno8€On Yla va nas OlOV na­pOOEJOO dVOl va el<e:ls olaJ3ooEI 10 Ruhnama. °pnvas LEnle].lJ3plos ].lElOVO­].looml<e: OE Ruhnama... • Lmv npWle:uouoa Ashgabat, el<El KalO­OKe:uaOlei KOl om8e:! eva aAn8JVo movlo J31J3Aio Ruhnama IOU Turkmenbashi, uljJOUS oEKanevlE ].lelpwv. ·'Eva OyaA].la IOU Turkmenbashi, E~ OAOKAnpOU ana Oloeplo Ka8apo l<PUOOepl, UIjJOUS IP1OvlO pelpwv, UnOpl<e:l KOVIO 010 mOvlO J31J3Aio. • nOvW omv «AljJioa ms OUoEIEpomlOs» OleKEl eva 8pUAlKO l<pU­00 OyaA].la IOU Turkmenbashi, 10 onoio, KOla m OIOpKEJa ms n].le­pas, nEpJOlpeepEIOl aUlO].lOla, Elm WalE 10 npoowno IOU Turkmenbashi va avuKpizEI nOvlO lOY nAIO KOla mv nEplOlpoepn IOU OlOV oupavO. • nepU01, 0 Turkmenbashi «KepOIoe:» 10 l':.1e:8ves BpaJ3eio noinons Magtymgu]y (KOl ].lEloVO].laOE lOY ].lnva MaIO OE Magtymgu]y, Yla mv av6pvnon IOU ye:yOVOlOS) npos ll].lJW ms KOMIEpns npo-Toup­KpEvlKns noinons (I), 10 onoio anovEpn8nKE OIOV Turkmenbashi ano ...1OV iolO. • 'Olav 0 Turkmenbashi eKOIjJE 10 KOnVIO].la 10 1997, anayopE1jJE 10 KOnV10].la KOl oe: oAous 10US oMous, OE oAn m xwpa.

• To 2004,0 Turkmenbashi anayopEuoE OE oAous lOUS mAEnapou­maoles KOl liS mAenapouOloOlP1ES va J3ozouv ].leIK-an. nad; EnEI­on, onws onAwoE, OEV pnopouoE va OIOKpivEI ns yuvaiKEs anolOus OvlpES napoUOlaOles, KJ aUIO lOY eKavE va vlw8El noM oJ3oAa....°Turkmenbashi anayopEuoE lO l<puoa oovna

KOllO l<puoa oeppayiO].lOla, KOl npolElvE Oll n ou­vlnpnon IWV oovuwv pnopei va enllEux8ei KaM­IEpa].lE 10 ].laon].la KOKaAwv!'EowoE ns avoAoye:s oonyies OlOUS OOOVliOlpOUS, on 01.01 01 Ov8pwnOl 8a npene:l va ].laoouAOve: KOKaAa Yla va el<ouv Ka­MIEpa Mvua. • To 2006, mv n].lepa ms AVE~apmoiasIOU Toup­K].lEV10lOv, KOla mv onoia Y10PIOZElOl epuolKa 0 Turkmenbashi, 0 Turkmenbashi eKave: owpo OE K08E yuvaiKO nOAim IOU TOUPK].lEV10IOv 200.000 Manat (nepinou 30 Eupw).

• 'OAa lO l<aplovopio].lalO KOJ vO].liopma IOU TOUpK].lEV10lOv, anel­Kovizouv lOY Turkmenbashi, ].lE OIOepOpES Evou].laoiES KOl OE 010­epOpES opaomplolmEs. • 'OAa lO AE~JKa apl<iZOUv].lE...m J3lOypaepia IOU Turkmenbashi, 10 i010 KOJ Ka8E elOOUS oonyos. Enions, elVOl a].lE:tpmOl 01 U].lVOl KOl lO E].lJ3Olnpla nou el<ouv ypaeplel KOJ IpayouolOuvlOl YJO lOY Turkmenbashi ... • EiVOl anapahmEs 01 EIKOVES ].lE 10 npoowno IOU Turkmenbashi, oe: K08e: l<WpO, oe: K08e: ai80uoa, oe: K08e: onpelo ms nOAns, 000 nE­

plOOOIEpES 1000 KaMIEpa. °Turkmenbashi olaKnpu~e: on elVOl 0 KaMle:pos lponos Yla va Oei~e:l Kanis mv ayonn IOU npos lOY Turkmenbashi. • To 2000, 0 Turkmenbashi eOWOE mv EVlOAn va On].lJOupyn8ei ].l1O ylyOvna Ai].lvn omv epn].lo, ].lazi ].lE eva IEpaouo OOOOS ana K€OPOUS, nou, onws EinE, 8a J3on8noouv va aAM~el 10 KAi].la IOU TOUpK].lEV10lOv. • To 2004, OJelO~E va l<llmei eva YlyOvno naMu ano nOvo, am ].lean ms iOlOS e:pn].lou, ms Epn­pOU Karakum, nou e:!VOl n mo 8Ep].ln lOn08€Oia ms KEvlplKns Aoias. °Turkmenbashi olelO~e: 10 ylyOvno naAan ana nayo va nEpJel<e:1 evav zwo­AOylKo KnnO].lE myKoUlvoUS...

'OAa aUla OEV elVOl napa EAaX10la oe:iY].lOla ms KOlanAnKnKns npoowmKomlOs aulOu IOU pE­yaAou ovopa, IOU MEooia IOU TOUpK].lEVIOlOv,

KOl elvm noM Aiya, KOJ OEV 8a eeplOvav oAe:s OJ oe:Aioe:s IOU ne:plO­OIKOU yJa va neplypOIjJOUpE lOY Ev80UOlaO].l0 pas KOl lOY 8aupa­o].lopas 010 npoowno IOU. Eow KOl apKElo KOlPO, el<OU].lE avaYEI 10 ovo].la IOU OE OuVa].lIKO OMyKav, «Turkmenbashi»! nou 1000UVa].le:!].le: mv e:niKAnon ].lIas M~ns ouvO].lns. ApKe:! va al<OUOlel aUlolo ovo].la ylO va ].lElOOWOe:l OE oAous e:].lOS evav oKpOlo Ev80umao].l0, aMo KOl ].lla pEyaAn napa~EVn xapo ylO ns anElpe:s ouvmomlEs IOU Av8pwnou.

Os nEplOolKO Strange, e:!l<O].lE e:IOl].laOEI ].lla ].le:yaAn oe:lpa npOla­OEWV, mv onoia 8eAapE va anoOle:!AOU].lE OIOV Turkmenbashi KOJ OIOUS KaAoKOya80us av8pwnous ms evoo~ns xwpas IOU Toup­K].lEV10IOV, onws: oAa lO olaJ3Olnpla va ExOUV m epwlOypaepia IOU Turkmenbashi avd Yla m epwlOypaepia IOU Kaloxou lOUS, va npo­

j30AAElaJ pE E10IKO movlo npoj3oMa lO npoowno lOU Turkmenbashi navw OlO CiOKO ms LEAnvns liS VUXIES, va j3YEl evas VopOS oupq>wva pE lOY onoiov OAES 01 yuvaiKEs inS xwpas va EPWIEUIOUV lOY Turkmenbashi, 10 ovopa Ko8E av8pwnou va eXEI lO OUV8WKO Turkmenboshi (n,x. Turkmenbashi-Ahmet, Turkmenboshi-Yusuf, KAn), oAa to pouxo va ElvaJ OXEOloopeva one lOY Turkmenbashi (KaJ <pUOlKO va dVaJ POPKOS Turkmenbashi, EKIOS ano to nanouIOla, YJO va pnv <paiVEIOl OU «natos» lOY Turkmenbashi), va npoOlE80uv q>IEPO OllS KapnAEs YJO va pnopouv va nElavE navw ana mv epnpo Korokum, <pUOlKO va XOpaXIEl lO npoowno lOU Turkmenbashi navw OlO ljInAOIEpO j3ouvo inS xwpas (KOI va nopEI lO ovopo lOU OUIO 10 j3ouvo, ov nOn OEV exouv oAa la j3ouvo ms xwpas 1O ovopo lOU), OE oAa la KOpnJOUIEp ms xwpos to Windows va pElOvopaolOuv OE Turkmenbashi, KOJ YJO va OUVOE8Els Ko8E <popo 010 lnternet va npenEl va napa8eoEls EKIEtopEva onoonoopata ano lO Ruhnama K08ws KOl va anavlnoEls OE oUyKEKplpevEs EpwlnoEls novw Ola nEpl€XOpEVa lOU j3lj3Aiou (OOiKWS anoyopEUmK€ lO Internet OE oAn m xwpa anOIO 200l), oe oAes liS mvaKioes lono­8eOlwv va npoole8ei n xlAlopelplKn onoomon nou unopxel ana eKEl ws 1O avOKlOPO IOU Turkmenboshi, <pUOlKO 10 elOs yEvvnoE­ws IOU Turkmenbashi va ovopoOld «elOs 0» KOJ n XpovoAoynon va pnOEVIOlEl KOJ va apxioEl one aUIO (nou onpOiV€l Oll onpepa ZOUPE 010 elOS 67 MEIO Turkmenbashj), KOJ oMa napa noMa 8e­Aap€ va npOlElVOUpe, aMo OUOlUXWS nAnpoq>opn8nKape on 0 P€yOAOS Turkmenbashi e<puy€ anpoop€va Yla lOY napOO€IOO lOY lleKepj3pJO lOU 2006, one KapoloKn OOyKonn, aq>ou npwlo avaKoivwOE OE OAO 10 e8vos Oll enaOXE ana mv KOpOlO lOU (KOJ a<pou eJ3aljlE paupa to paMlolOul,

To ynlvo IOU ovopa nlav Saparmurat Atayewic Niyazov (1940-2006), OAOJ avoq>epovlav OE 00­10V pE mv npoo<pwvnon «n AUlOU MEyaAElolma o Turkmenboshi», IOU eXEl onOV€pn8Ei nEvle <po­pes 0 IhAOS lOU «Hpwa lOU TOUpKpEVIOlav» (ono lOY iOlO). KOJ 6ilAwvE on -nap' OAO nou, onws d­ne, KOJ 0 iOlos 1O ej3ploKE unEpj3oAIKO-lO noplpai­10 lOU unnpxE novlOu oe Ko8e opopo KOJ KdpJO OIOll 01 unnKooi IOU lOY AOlPEUav, Eow KOJ nepinou Evav xpovo, PEIO lOY 8avmo IOU, KavElS O€V yvWpiZEI 010 TOUPK)J€VlOlav II npenEl va yiVEl pE lOY Turkmenbashi, n n 8a ylvEllwpa xwpis OUIOV, n xwpa epEIVE xwpis lOY anoAulO nyem ms, KaJ Kavds aKopn 6EV 10ApO va nElpo€EI tinOle ana aUla nou o<pnOE niow lOU. To <povlOopa lOU Turkmenbashi j3aOJAeUEl OKopn OE OUlnv m peya­AElwon xwpa. (KaJ aKopn unopxouv to Mo OJO€KatOPPUPJO OOAOplO OlOV AoyaplOop6 lOU omv Deutsche Bank am f€ppavia!) Hmo OUYKAovlollKn loeo nou oKe<plnKO).l€ nlav n €€ils: nad va nepJOplolOUP€ OE ollc5flnOlE AlYOIE­po; Apeows 80 npenEl va aMo€El n yAwooa, va aMo€ouv OAES OJ M€€lS ms yAwooas KOJ OAES Ol M€ElS va yivouv Turkmenbashi. (EIOI, YlO napOO€IY)Ja, n npotoan «Turkmenbashi, Turkmenboshi Turkmenbashi Turkmenbashi,

Turkmenbashi. Turkmenbashi!», 8a onpaivEl «Aq>UnvlOlElIE, as KavoupE lo navlO, YJO lOY Turkmenbashi. Twpa!») Av KOJ OAES OJ M€EIS ms yAwooas 80 yivouv Turkmenbashi, 10 vonpa ms Ko8€ plas 8a €ExwpizEl ana lO u<pos, mv 10vlKolma, 10

OWA, liS X€lpovopi€s nou m OUVOO€U­ouv, KOI pe oMa avEnaia8ma npoy­pam, KOJ OAa aUla 80 KavOUV lOUS av­8pwnous mo KoMll€XVIKOUS, mo AE­meniAEmous, mo napompmlKous, mo EmKolvwvlOKOUS, mo EpnvEuopEvous. (MoAlOla, Ylava KavOUpE mv apxn, d­paOlE elOJpol va KUKAo<popnooupE 1O enopEvo IEUXOS IOU Strange, anoKAel­OllKO am yAwooa Turkmenboshi).

'EIOl, cruPlO 10 npwi, Olav 8a avmElAEl 0 Turkmenbashi OlOV oupavo, avaonKw­Ol€ 1O j3Mppa, Ola8ElIE OE oloon Turkmenbashi, KOJ a<pIEpwOlE Aiya AE­mo OIyns am pvnpn IOU Turkmenbashi, KI enElla Kavl€ Eva Turkmenbashi KaJ avo<pwvnOl€ pozi pas: «Znlw 0 Turkmenboshi!!!» S

(LnpelWon:'OnOIOS evfJloq>epe(Q] ollnelVo YJO to pnllouzoKIO, as mlleq>wvnoel 010 neploOJ­KO, 61oSelOupe noM nepJOpJopevo OPISpO KOJ SO 10 6ci>ooupe povo oe ooous EXOUV ano­omSioellO RuhnamaJ,

S·mail 1: MnOPXEE, TAON, KAI KYBEPNOXfiPOI

A~lonlle Kuple rlQVVOUAGKIl LUVXQprrn'lPlQ VlQ illV emAoyij

" IOU S£IlQiO<; IOU opSpou OOOV Q<jlOpo OiO un£poxo OI~Vll­i "llQ IOU Borges VlQ iovTLON, oe npollvoullevo ieuxo<;. Em­

,,'" ip£ljJie 1l0U VQ OQ<; OWOW illv OIKIO 1l0U onilK~ VlQ n<; m-SQV£<; epj.lllve(e<; lOU OlllV~j.lQiO<; QUlOU. LillV QPX~ IOU OlllV~IlQ­lO<; QUiOU QVQ<jl£peiQl £VQ<; iOllO<; ill<; AlleplKQVlK~<; AVVAlK~<;

EVKUKAOnQ(oeIQ<;, onou nepl£xnQI £VQ opSpo VlQ ill XWPQ Uqbar, OlO onoio QVQ<jl£P£iQl 11 e~~<; <jlpdOll: "rLQ £VQV Qno QUiOU<; iOU<; vvwonKou<; lO OPQiO OUllnQV ~iQV Il(Q ljJeuoQ,(oSllOll (~ V1Q illv QKp(~elQ) £VQ OO<jlIOIlQ· Ol KQSp£<jlie<; KQl 11 OUVOUO(Q e(vQl QnotponQlQ enelo~ iOV nOAAQnAQOlo(OUV... » AAAll <jlPOOll KAeloi e(vQl: «Oil (0 KOOIlO<; iWV Tloen) e[VQI KOOIlO<; OKQKlOiWV KQlOXl KOOIlO<; QVV£AWV», 11 onolQ QVQ<jl£peiQl OiO i£­AO<; IOU Kelll£vou. Me ~OOll iQ nQpQnovw QnOOnOOllQiQ, QAAG KQl iO OAO nVeullQ ill<; VOU~£AQ<; e(vQl npo<jlQv~<; 11 QAAllVOP[Q ill<; VOU~£AQ<; lOU Mnopxe<; 1) 0 <jlQViQOilKO<; KOOllO<; OlOV ono(ov QVQ<jl£pnQl 0 MnoPxe<; ouvO£nQl Ile VVWOilKO SPlloKeuilKo KQl <jllAOOO<jllKO uno~aSpo

WAtne KQl lO e~QlpenKO ~1~Aio Techgnosis, lOU Erik Davis). 2) nlO oUVKeKplll£VQ, aUiO ia ono[Q e[xe OlQlOSaVSel 0MnoPxe<; TO 1940 £Xouv oe lleVOAO ~QSllO ~Oll uAonOlllSei, e(ie O1OV Ku~epvo­xwpo, erie oe j.lOVT£Aa iWV unOAOV101WV (~Mne n.x. KQl noM lO Techgnosis). LTOV Ku~epvoxwpo oev £xouv anAw<; ouviQxSe( eVKu­KAona(oele<; j.le <jlaViQ01lKoU<; KOOIlOU<;, QAAO £xouv 0lllllOUPYTlSe( <jlaVTa01lKo( KOOIlOI, O1OU<; ono(ou<; KonOlo<; Ilnope( va KlvllSe[ KQl va aMllAemopooellla(( TOU<;, Veyovo<; nou TOU<; Kovel noAU mo «npQV­llailKou<;» Qno il<; eVKuKAona(oele<;. Me TO VQ OOKlj.lO(OViQl 01 Kavo­ve<; evo<; KOOj.lOU e(VQl OUVQiOV va Olam01wSe( QV e(VQl ouveKilKO[ (rLQ iO S£j.la QUTO ~Mne KQl Ta un£poxa OlllV~llaiQ lOU <!>(Am K. NT1K.). LiOV (elKovlKO) KOOIlO Second Life e(vQl ouva~ 11 all<jliop0j.lll aViQAAaVn XPllllOtWV TOU npaVllailKou KOOIlOU (oOAGpla, eupw, KAn.) Ile iQ XP~IlQia IOU (ouVKeKp11l£vOU) Ku~epvoxwpou. Havopo elKOVl­KWV XPllllOiWV £xel va Kovellle illv QnoKil1011 KUPOU<; KQl OUVQiO~­iWV O1OV Ku~epvoxwpo, evw KQiO illV vvwllflllOU e(vQl O1111aVTIK~ KQl 11 QVTlO1P0<jlll po~ nou anooelKvuel "OTI TO OUOi11j.la O1£Ket". 3) '000 Via il<; eVKuKAona[oele<; OlOV Ku~epvoxwpo nOAM<; lOlO­illie<; TOU<;, LOiw<; aUT£<; 01 ono(e<; ava<jl£pOVTQl OillV PeuoioillTa TWV AllIlIlOtWv. ElVQl VVWOiO Oil ia A~IlIlQia Ilnopouv ouv£xela va aAAO(ouv and «XdKlVVK» ~ oAAe<; enell~doel<;. YnevSull((W Oil npooq>Qia Ol uneuSuvol ill<; Wikipedia £O~llOQV dpSpQ vpallj.l£Va ano npoKiope<; ill<; CIA oav j.lll QVilKelllevlKd! Ev KQiaKAe(oIS£AW va OllAWOW Oil OUIlq>WVW lle TOV Mnopxe<; Oil 0 Ku~epvoxwpo<; KQl OL OuvQiOillTe<; OL ono(e<; q>a(vnQl va oivouv Ol unoAovlOT£<; oev Sa ~OllS~OOUV 0illV anove(woll Tll<; QvSpwn6Tll­iQ<;, enelo~ aKpl~w<; oev anoieAouv «KOOIlO aVV£Awv", To Oil nap' OAa aUTO aUtn llljJeuoaioSllon llTlOpei va Owoel w8110ll 0illv av­

..­ SpwnoilliQ elVQl Kon TO onOlO avaAUW oe £VQ aorwooieUiO OOKilllO..... 1l0U, TO S£IlQ TOU onoiou eni TOU napOViO<; oev Sa avaAu8el eow ...

Me eKTij.llloll M.K.

S·mail2: PANTAP ArNnITOY TAYTOTHTOI (P.A.T.)"K" aAllon£pa q>iAOlllOU! ElllQl ano rLovveva

•

KQl 8a n8eAa va " . oa<; pwtnow av vvwpi(ne KOil Vla lO «PaviQP" nou ~p(-

OKnQl OiO ~ouvo MliOLK£AI, aKpl~w<; novw ano Tllv nOAll. Kavei<; oev ~£pel n e(vQl Kal oe nOlov aV~K£l! TQ~pQOla TOU

KaAoKalplou ellq>av[oillKav Konola napo~eva q>wia KQl Konola aVilKelj.leVQ va nnouv ana novw! <!>Q(veTQl KQl 010 Google Earth (39 42' 58.56" N- 20 53' 50.96 E). M~nw<; £xel Konola OX£011lle TOU<; ljJeKaollou<;; Xi£<; 27-10, AlVO nplV vUXiwoel, n£paoav 4 aeponAOva Kal oq>lloav llevoAe<; vpall­11£<; nou apv6Tepa £Vlvav £va Aemo oTpwlla v£q>ou<;!! EuXaplOTW Vla Tllv npooox~ oa<;! MAY THE FORCE BE WITH YOU!!

Babis Babouras d_vader1985@yahoo.gr

elQ oou <jl[Ae KQl ouvia~lolwill Mnollnll· Anollia ,llIKpn £peu­rva nou Kovalle npSe Oia x£pla Ila<; ilia <jlwlOvpaq>(a aulOu I lOU «pavTop" 010 MlTOLK£At. En(oll<;, ~p~Kalle j.lla avaq>opo Vl' aUio oe q>UAO Tll<; eq>llllep(oa<;

(13/2/2005), onou aUT~ 11 KQiaoKeu~ 010 MliOlK£Al EAw8£porurr{a

TOU

anoKaAe(TQl Paolo,~o~Slllla" LUVKeKplll£VQ, Mer «... LTa rlOVVeVQ TonoSne(TQl OTO opo<; MlTOlK£Al elolK~ npo01ao(a VIa iO paolo~0~8ll11a yap KQl aVnKQS(oTavTOl Ol IlllxavoAoVlK£<; KQl llAeKTpOV1K£<; eVKQiaOTO­oel<; ... ». KQid noaa m8avoillTa, Aomov, npOKmQl Via paolo~o~­Sllj.la V.O.R. (KQlOXL YOP, onw<; -npoq>avw<; Mvw nap£ll~aoll<;

«oa[llova lOU iunovpaq>e(ou»- vpoq>el 11 npoavaq>epollevll eq>lllle­piOa). To V.O.R (VHF Omni Directional Range) e[vQl £va paOlOVQUn­AlaKo ~o~Slllla eooq>ou<;, TO onoio olvel ill OUVQiOTIlTa OlOV mMTO evo<; QepOOKOq>OU<;, ave~OPillia Ile illV nope(a iOU, va vvwp((elj.le ill ~0~8ela evo<; elOlKOU O£Kill, TTlV a(lllou8laKn TOU S£Oll ana lOV j.lQVVllilKO Boppo, j.le KOpU<jln TO V.O.R. Me OUO MVla, e(vQl £va<; nOllno<; nou ~OllSo lOU<; mA6Tou<; TWV aeponAGvwv va npooavQio­M(OVTQl KQl va npoayelwVOVTQllle aOq>oAeLa OTQ aepoopollLa AvoAova lle HI 8tOll eyKQi60TQO~<; lOU<;, Ta PQOIO~Ol'jS~IlQia

V.O.R. OlaKplVOVTQl oe: 1. T&PIIOTIKO (Terrminal) eyKQi£OTllll£VO ll£oa OiO aepoopOIlW j.le lOXU 50W, TO onolo eKn£llnel 0illv neplox~ TWV OUXVOtnTwv 102-112MHz.

SlJeu6a " 'I)'(llrll

)3>13 13Alogrlno OA3'jl)dOll 111)l il)lX10AD ~orl D11l)rl Dl Q'jDl3rl(lJ1A3

'~lIoT1011n oAl'( 31AI)>I 31

-P1::'U '80UBJlS n01uXQ31 01l3rlP1l3 01PllO 010111)>1 3D 3T1nODQ3100T1

-llQ Dl OA 10113>1pdu -OT1Ul~) OA3'jl)dOll olplno 3T11)>l113XO «I)IS09

OlD 3T1no'j~lnog» OA 1)'('(0 '~3)d(lJ38 ~3dod>l)lQ ~11 OApr1lO>I I)'(UO

3rlno'jj3QDlO>l OA 010 3100rlf,lo>ldo A3Q noup-~OAn3d9 ~1l1 ~~1

-no 010rl09'(310UO 01 'OrlUl~) 010 ~130~1II0llO ~9>11lD11(lJd>DlQ ~9d

-ogoo ~310UI)>I ~no'(911U3 3rlnoO<;JQ OA PUO>lO 3rl 'S!lEJlW84::J Dl DlA

OAn3d9 UA9rl(lJI0lDld311rl3 10>1 U'(I)A3rl Dlrl3rlnoAI)>I pdlO>I AOl Aplno

~(lJU 'OA3T1pAIOd> olplno ,1A AQoXnOUAO nou QO>llQ01d311 nOl ~no,(ld>

~no'('(1) ~nOl ~no'(p 10>1 1)'('(0 'OA903 3rlnoo<;Jd3rlllA3 OA 3rlno'(98

'noD ~'(0l01U3 AUlD ~lJoUIAI)UO ~Ul 0)dlO>ln3 AUl 3rl '<;JQ3 ~(lJT10.

'AOA9AO>l PllO )380Q 13X9 A3Q UOUIAI)UO ~>l11UIOUOAO>l1 O)rlO>l Od<;Jl ~(lJ 1)'('(0 '~'(n08 UI0

~130~1(lJd3U31O>IorlP>lO 13A)A AnoX3. '~1301)10DlQ ~3'(I)A3rl13dl)u

llQ~ 13X9 01198 OYP 01 10>1 'j3S(lJUnlDlQ AnoX9 ~3)d(l)3S ~9>111UXnO

-UAO ~3do<Pl)lQ 10>1 ~9'('(OU 'plno ,lA AQO'(1T110'(O. 'OQI)'('(3 AUIU'(P

,UO ~9dod>OAO ~3QI)>l3Q 'OlDrl~A(lJd>3'(Ul

31131)3 'I!EW 3rl31)3 '13dI)U 3rlnoX9 pdlO>I

OjDln3'(31 AOl OjOUO 01 olA 'SI1EJlW84::J

A(lJl OA3I1pAIOd> ~XOU3 AUl A~lno

OA9rlu1u)non'(ou 10>1 odlO>I)1l3

OlD 1003d9d>OAO noD ~'(OlDI1l3 •

AU1~ 'olAp'( noD 1)'(0)1 01 DlA

3T100lD1doXn3 'lldl~rlUV 3'()

~

~ ~

Jli"nopAIiJep@SPllW1P nOJdnAdv ~~dl~r1~V

AOl DlA <;JIDldoXn3 iO:Jn ~130)AOdlT13

'~0T1 Dl~!)<P3>1 DlllD (lJA!)ll odOdll;llQ 101II0A)~

'~OO OApdX

pllO 1>1 DAnQA)>l1113 0111 ~(lJ0)

::>9>1113XD (lJA'(910 ~D~

'~orllQ P>l1l3dod>

119 (1)2]rtOA ]lDl~ Dli~8 01

3T1 31)3SU~OXoO OA (lJ))1l'(3 10>1 ~31dlDdA01(lJdl

-DlQ 3T1 ~noT1odQl)lQod30 AQ010110rllDUdX 1)>l110g1113 01 (lJd9'j 11P 110

~<;JSO>l !)>lll091113 ADl~ OA UO(lJl11)d311 AU113)3'(>lOllO OApr1lO>I plnv

iii~OrllQ O1Q) 010 AOOQ01311 OA 13119dll OS '01Q) ADl~ ~oS3A9rl P>lIA

-3rlOAlOd> 0l1O>I ~QI3U31O>I (pAOS111 0111 011OA)3 nOll) OIQ) ADl~ A(lJA

-1)'(1l0d30 A(lJl ~oS3A9rl P>l11DT1Aodll 01 AV 'O)3rluO O1Q) 010 3001d>9

ADlpI)1'j3Q Dl ~Odll 0)3doll13)1)'('(0 OA OAI)'(1l0d30 017 01 3rl 0)3rluo

O1Q) 01 pllO ~DlA<;JAd3U nOl ~3)3doll ~ll AOO(lJdQDlODlQ OlpA AOl

~Odll AOODld>9 ADlP O)3dou u'(u'('(!)dou AOX)3 ~Xdo AUlD <;JA31O>I OA

-odXplnDl A9Q3Xo Aoood911 V01 'J3sn'(DlQ Aldll od<;J ~13>1do DlA 3A

-3rl9doll O)OllP 01 '0<P3MQO ADD '~OAX) p>ln3'( PI0(lJAA 01 ~nol (lJ0)1l

AOAUd>!) OlpA ~Odll !)dd09 pUO UOAn8Q310>l 3rl ~orllQ 0'(I)A3rl Q'(Oll Y'"I 3D AOOQ0l311 O)OUO 01 OAI)'(uod30 L 'OOUd~lDdou olplno ,1A 10>1 OA

-3rlpAIOd> 01 3rl odSd!) 1)>l113XO AP8'(3doll OlD 1301)9DlQ

DX!3 '(Ojn ADl~ A3Q 'lXOJ i~~>lUl\f ~Ul pAodno AOI0

'00:8 ~ ~llD nO)dgrl31113~ Sl 'Od3rl~0 OQ)3 nOllI plno lOA)3 ~oAp'( a '~oo ))orl <;JA(lJAIO>llU3 nou; "

I)dod> u1<;JdllU lOAj3 '~DO QO>llQ01d3U QOllJoOQ>l9 .''.

AU1 DlA AnO))lAOdd> ~noop ~no'(p 3D Dld~1udoXAn ,

S'IW.L"'::IIH~ AO.LNVU :C I!e...·s

aliueJlS ''')38no'(o>lo nOll ~~'(OlD

-1113 ~Ul UOU1II1)1lD AltlO 10>1 3lD0T1pd3<POAO 0)0110 010

'SIIEJlW84::J A(lJl OA3rlPAIOdl ~XOll3 AUl A~lno OA9rlu111)no

-n'(oll OlD 101110001)1113 '0<P3MQO ~01ll0))lDrluXo AnOA9rl

-OdOll ~91no '101IIOQ'(DlQ OA )lAO 'nOll «~9rlrlodA» ~nOl

(lJ0]1l ~DlAOA~d>O AQOAd311 010110 Dl '~13d9d>OAO nOll OAI)'(1l0d30 01

'l)lno oW DlA 0T101llQo 3rlnorlll)dA OA IOl13>1pdlllO>I -A<;JAllrl

A(lJA9rlood3u A(lJl Dl3>1dl)lQ Ul 1)10>1 pAodno AOI0 A(lJl<;Jd> A(lJA3'jl)d

-011 ~130)AO<Prl3 DlA ~orl A<;JI0(lJAAOAO ~9do<POAO ~3WI) 10>1 130<;Jd1A

-3>1Ano 3rlnoX9 QO<PO 13d9d>DlQA3 ~orl OT1Ul~) 01 '('l)lnO 0'(9 DlA

~130~l(l)d OA ~ ~j3s11rln8 OA ~j3dollrlll'p) ADlAQOA1>l nOlllloAnSQ31

-0>1 Altl ~ ollpdl AOl DlA ~313d9T10l113'( ~3d31PODld3U 10>1 ~<;J80>l

'UDlAI)d>rl3 3SI)>I 3D Od31PODld3U ~ ~(lJd> OA9 ADl~ AD 'AO>lltlDjAOd>

-T13 nou (uDlAA900du lld31Q'(oA3T1 ApI0AnQ 01 009 3T1) ~3jAUT1od

-3rlu ~11 'OrlA13Ql)doll DlJ 'l)lno ,1A Od31p>llln'(oAo ~1311 ~0T1 OA 10>1

~13r1ll)dA ~orl OA -oApdX AOIIO>I U0381)IQ ltl ~13X9 01099g AO-3T10'(

-98 08 '~13d9d>OAO nOll «Dl<;Jd> OA3'jl)dou» Dll)dod>o AOOP 'od<;J1

'(NV8V1 nOdl)d>01Qod QO>lll(lJllOdl0 ~PA3

P>lllu8U09 ~(lJoU '~uon3'(91V 'l:fO'/\ oT1ltlDQo OA9 DlA 10113>1pdu

'DlltlPA08111 001)111)10>1 '31Pl 'QOAn09 ~d>ndo>l 3D 1013>10ld9 orluS

-~0901QOd Ol plno ~13d9d>OAO nOllllo(lJlUjd3U Aluo f,lodlo '1013.

'ZHlJIJ8 ~~ -l ~ ~ A(lJl~OAX

-no ~X01d311 AltlO 1311rl9U>l3 O)OUO 0110>1 MOOl QXo1 3rl ~9<Pdo>l

-oAn09 3D ~(lJ8~AnO OA9rlltl0310>lA3 (alnOij U3) ~~Dn3Y~IV "Z

"

I~ •

S·mail 4: nxPA lnEIPOXAITH KAI OMIAIEl

rEla xapa. APXlKO, npoo8£on: £va alKo~a EyKelp510 "ouyxa­pTjT~pla" Kal £va ~EyaAo "EuxaploTw", oTT)v Euxaplon']pla

I AiOlO, Yla ooa ~ou £xw; npomp£pEl: OE ~tva, mouc; uno­Ao(nouc; WUTOUC; ~ou ... Kal <jlUOlKel oTT)v <jlavlOo(a ~ac; ...

nOVlO ~8EAa va EnIKOlVW~OW ~a~( oac; ... £OTW K~E aUTov TOV anpoowno wono ~ovo nou nOTe 5EV E(xa n va YPel\jJW EKTOC; ano 1O napanovw Twpa, ~£~aLQ, E(VOl oav va oac; Mw nwc; 5EV a~[~ETE Keln nEplooOTEpO ana 1O napanelvw ... Mna... 'OXI, Ta a~(­

~ETE, Kal ~E TO napanaVW... 01 MYOI Aomov nou EnIKOlVWVW ~a~( oac; E(vOl5uo... 0 npwToc; E(­val YLQ va oac; aTElAW £va lpayou5l, ana TO EAATjvlKO OUYKpOTT)~a

"OXPel LnElpoxa(TTj", TO ono(o OVO~el~ElOl "KOUCPIOI dVepWTlOl"...

01 OT(XOl, onwc; KaAQ <jlaVTel~EOTE, E(VOl ana TO nO(Tj~a TOU T.S. Eliot. Ta nOl510 nou TO EVOPXf]oTpwoav, KOl TO Wayou50uv, KOlO TT) YVW~Tj ~OU, a~(~ouv ouyxapTjT~pla ... 0 5EUTEPOC; MyoC;, ElVOl Yla va oac; PWTf]OW av UnelPXEI KelnOIO DVD, ana nc; O~IAiEC; TOU K. IlaVVOUAQKTj. 'H~ouv napwv OE ~(a o~IAia TOU OTT)V A8f]va ntpuOl KOl 8a ~8EAa nOAu va TTjV 50uv-aKouoouV KOl KelnOLOI (/l(AOl ~OU.

OnaTE 8a ~E xaponOLOUOE a<jlOVWOlO -~OAAOV (/laVlOOHKO- av £XETE onOla5~nOTE o~IA(a TOU K.ILQVVOUAelKTj, ~ KonOlOU ano TOUC; unOAo(nouc; ouyypa(/lE(C; TOU nEpL051KOU. M(a aKo~a EPWTTjOTj: 8a UnaP~El KonOla elAATl O~LA(a OTO ~£AAOV;

EuXaplOTW...

rIlJVV'l~

nuomouerieno@hotmail.com

rIOVVTj, noM KaAo( 01 KOU(/lLOI Av8pwnot TT)C; LnElpoxa(TT)C;. Mnpo~o TOUC;! Ynapxouv KonOla DVD ana o~lA(EC; TOU na­

I VTEAI'], aMo 5EV E(vOl5Ia8£OI~a ana TO nEploolKO ~ ano 01..­ATj mlY~, a~Kouv OTO apXE(o TOU 15iou, aAAQ EUXapioTWC; av

EnlKOIVW~OElC; TTjAE(/lWVlKO ~a~i ~ac; nEp( auTOu, va npoona8~­

OOU~E va oou E~ao(/laA(oou~E KelnOla Koma npoowmKo ano TOV 1510. napa500laKa, 01 O~lAiEC; TOU navTEAI'] OTTjV A8~va y(VOVlOl ~la

(/lOPO TOV Xpovo, ouv~8wC; 6EK£~~PLO ~

VEL Tl EnO~EVTj, nou 8a avaKOlvw8E( OTO EnO~EVO

Strange. npoona80U~E va opyavwoou~E

AlEC; ouyypa(/ltwv TTjC; napa~EVTjC; naptac; ~ac;.

aKoumlKo oac;.

S·Maii 5: To uMUOTIKOl1 KGI TG Mind-Machines

AyanTjTO STRANGE, LuyxapTjT~pla Yla TT)v KaAl'] 50UAEIO KOl W Ev5la(/lepOVla S£~QTa OTO nEpL05lKO. AUTO nou 8a ~SE­

i Aa va pwn']OW E(VOl TO E~~C;: ,.' E(vOl yVWOTO on 0EyKe(/laAOC; TOU avSpwnou KOl EI5lKOTE­

po Tj 5uva~Tj TTjC; OKtljJTjC; KQl TOU OWOTOU 0pUllunOIlOu 8XOUV TT) 5u­....... VOloTI]TQ va ~Op(/lonOI~Oouv-uAonollloouv

K6VO (OlJ~nav)~£oa va npaY~OlOnOlTjSEi

UAlKO nE5(0, 0Xl ~E KanOlO ~aYlKo wono, aAAQ anAWC; TO EU(/lUec; KlVEi nc; 5la5lKaO(EC; WOTE O105laKO Kal ~E (/lUOlKa

Tj OKt\jJTj-EnlSU~ia ~ac;.

AyanTlTe LUVTa~IOIWTTj. npO(/lavwc; aVa(/lepEOQl OTQ ooa

. . unOOTTlP(~EI (OXl npWTOTuna, <jlUOlKO) Tl TQlvia-~I~A(O-OEI-I po The Secret, (<<To MUOHKO»), nou anTlxe( ~e apKETel ., ," e~unvo KOl light Tpono 51el(/lOpec; new age nWOlSr'joelC;.

YrlelPXEI Keln £vTexva oUYKaAu~~evo OE 01..0 aUTO: Tl ouva~IKr'j KOl aUYKEVlpW~eVTj eK(/lpaOTl TTlC; «WlSu~(ac; ~E noM ~WVTQVO Kal ou­YKIVTjOlaKa (/lopno~tvo Tpono», ~nopE( va ovo~aoTe( KOl npoow­X~, KOlOnOU ~MnelC; TTl M~Tj Lu~nav ~nope(c; va TflV avnKmaOTr'j­oelC; ~E TTl M~Tl8eoc;. Ano TT)V aAATj, EivOl TO naAlo KaM Mind Over Matter, aAAQ KOlTl XIAIOOU~l')Tl')f.1£Vl') IUTOpia ~6 TT) 5Uva~T) W; ElE­Al']OEWC;, «TO ou~nav nou ouvw~OTe( YlQ va y(VEl aUTO nou SeAelC;»

Star-gen

Kat KanOIEC; oAAEC; O~I­

ano TOV AAXTj~IOT~ TOU KoeAo, Tj ~£S050C; Silva, KAn, KAn, E(VOl ~la

ano nc; WyEVEiC; E~~OV£C; TOU New Age .6EV E(VOl KQn KalvoupyLO oAa aUTO, anAQ Eival OUOKEUao~evo ~E KalVOupyLO Tpono, KOl ~e

AUTO, ~£~Ola, apKETO SalesTalk. npOKWOl YlQ lTlV naAlo KOl oOKI~aO~£VTl ~£SO-

llC; oKtljJEIC; ~ac; OTO

laVOUaplO, onoTE KOl8a yl­TEUXOC; TOU

Ava~EiVQTE OTO

npoOnoStw tVTOVTj EnISu~(a Kal noM KaAO ~aS~o aVelmu~TlC;

TOU opa~aHo~ou Kal TT)C; aUToouYK£VlpW01lC;. MYETOl on TO ~ovo

nou £XEl va KelVEl Konoloc; E(VOl va npO~elAEI OTO EU(/lUec; KEVO TTlV WlSu~(a TOU ~e noM ~wvTavo Kal OUYKIVTjOlaKO (/lopno~tvo lpO­no KOl ~Wl va oTQ~an']oel va OKt<jlTETOl TO on5f]nOTe nou txel va KaVEI ~E TTjV EnISu~ia aun']. To ou~nav TOTE KaVEI O,H nptnel va y(vel WOTe va npay~monOlTj8Ei ~E AOylKO Tpono Tj Enl8u~ia aun']. AAAQ OTO 51elOTI]~a aUTO 5ev npenEI va OKe(/lTo~aoTE KaSoAou au­TO nou EmSu~ou~E, 15(wC; apVTjHKel. To npO~ATj~a E(VOl on 5EV E(val EUKoAo Yla TOV KaStva va <jlTelOel OE IKaVOnOITjHKO ~aS~o aUTOouYKtvTPWOTjC; Kal opa~aHo~ou

WOTE va nETuxel va y(VEl KUp(apxoc; TTjC; ~W~C; TOU. Ila aUTOV TOV OKono Tj EnlOT~~Tj £XEI EnlVO~OEI OPIO~£VEC; OUOKEU£C; 01 onO(EC; ~£OW TjXTjHKWV KOl onnKWV OTj~elTWV npoonaSouv va OUVTOV(OOUV TOV EyK£(/laAo va AElTouPYE( OE OuxvOTI]Tec; nou E(VOl eUKoAa E(/ll­KTO va EnlTEUXSE( Tj KOlOOTQ01l ouvE(5TlO1lC; nou anOlTE(lOl Yla va npaY~QTOnOl~OEI 0 elvSpwnoc; nc; EnISu~(ec; TOU. En(oTjC;, E(VOl YVWOTO on EKnt~nOVTQC; OTOV EyK£<jlaAo TjAeKlplKO peu~a xa~Tj­

Al']c; eVlOoTjC; KOl OUXVOTTjTQC;, ~nopouv va EVEpyonOITjSOUV neplo­xec; TOU eyKE<jloAou nou E(val uneuSuvEC; va <jlepouv aUT~v Tflv EvaAAaKnK~ KmaOlOOn ouvE(5T)onC; nou analTE(TQl Yla aUl(lV TOV oKono. EnioTjC;, ~nopE( TO KOlEU8UVO~EVO TlAEKTplKO pEu~a va EVEpyonol~oEI nEpLOxec; TOU EyKE<jlOAOU nou e(vOl unEuSuvec; Yla SEpanE(a. 'GAa auTel E1VOl un£poxa. 'Exw 5El ~EPIK£C; T£TOIEC; OUOKEU£C;, 01 ono(ec; KUKAO<jlOPOUV Kal OTO E~noplo KaSwc; KalaTa 5lel<jlopa sites. 8a ~nOpOUOOlE va YPOljJETE eva opSpo nou va aVa(/lepETQl OTO napanelvw 8e~a KOl va npoTe(vETE oo~ap£c; Kal EnlmlWOVIKa nOAu KaA£C; TtTOIEC; ouoKEUec;; An' o,n <jlaiVeTOl, 0 elvSpwnoc; el­VOl tvac; ~IKPOC; 8EOC;. MnopE( va KelVEI on5f]noTE SEAI']OEI, apKE( va ~oSel va XPTjOl~OnOlei Kal va avamu~EI nc; elnElpEC; KPU~~£VEC;

5UVel~ElC; nou eXEI. Ot ouoKwec; aUTec; ~oTj80uv npoc; TT)v KOlEU­SuvoTj aun']. 'H 'OXl; EuxaploTw.

rll]VV'l~ ITpOP. jor33el@yahoo.com

HJ-NVdH

UOJISV

j31j3dourl ::>nod31poDld311 ::>nooo 30 orlnA~rl Ol 01no 3lD~S(T)odU

'M(T)~dX ::>00 V>lIQ 3rl OA(T)<D~Yll AnOAdjou OA 10>1 VIliS O1d9)1 Al.JlD 13url OA j3dourl '::>00rlS1do (T)A9UDdou ::>nOl 3133~'{lU3 ::>lwn OjOUO li 'vn3)10nO ~>llQI3 O10U9>1 j31OUOrllDudX nou Ult;luo-oJ3dlD13 O1A 10113>10dU iOVll81d'lt OIOU'It)j 313lHl'ltU 'ltN lidUX ONU<lJ3VHl 01 3E13V)j 'prl81do 0YY9 31OUVQ010UO ~ #60 ~ 06# 3130~OU OA 13U -~du 08 11P 10>1 ::>00 pA(T)<Dnll OlD OXA3Y~ 13A9>1 10>1 '::>0J3d1013 U··· ::'P>l]AX311OAj31lP13U ::>0010)1 ::'00 PllJA1>1 OlD 130~(T)<D3Yll ::>00 . ::>010U9>1 A'It:85uEJlS nOl ::>noY)<D ::>nOl ::>noyp ::>odU iHXmOd

"""qJ.IJAI)I 3r1lJJ.ljluy :9 I!ew"s

10>1 13A!!l0 AO '0101~1119>1 310UO 'Od310001d3U urlO>lO 311noS9U OA 3rl00dourl'oYO<D~)lA3 AOl 3rllO>I Orl03d O)l1dl>13YU Ol 3rl ::>DlAO)jOU 10)1 '::>UOUQJ3AnO ::>1309lDDlO>l ::>~>lll>tOYYOA3 OUO ::>pl>13 DlOrlA9dU 9YYoU 3rlnoS9u OA 3rl00dourl Orl03d O>l1dl)13YU 01 3rl ::>DlAO)jOU

'UY>I '::>prlDlAoY01Q ° 'UO(T)ApnOUO ~>101dllUSOlO U'ojAundAo U'Oj310lJA U::>(T)Up '::>~>llAX31 ::>~)101OOQ

-odou OIU 3rl A00SXn31IU3 OA A00dourl '::>UOjU3 'A!!llDnO A!!l)lIY3Q3X -nm ~Xodou UA3rlpXA3Y3 9)flAOrlUl01U3 3n '9)1lDn<D'~ 'noo O119rl 010 Dl!!l<D9)11rlsnd Anourl~U>l3 nou 91yonA 9>11Q13 3rl ~ '«::>UO(T)AprlOUO ::>~A3rl033Q ::>~>l1l0rlOd13U» 3rl ~ 'S8U!lPEVII WE8l0 OA3rlpA3Y 01 3rl 9YYO '(plno lD)I J38rlno OA j3dourllO)I AO) ::>130~<DodAoXU::>11 ::>~lno

3rllD1AOd~<D1U3 A3Q ::>(T)jdn)f '::>UouQj3AnO ::>130910010)f ::>~>lll>toy

-YOA3 ::>~lUAX3110 'uY>I 'uo(T))fd9A 91so8ulD 'OAU0 A010 'Dl00A UlD 'uodoA~dA3 ud~yu AUlD 'noo ::>130~S01Q ::>110 lD1AO)jdlUOlD)l11AO

... An0091<D OA A00dourl OJ3rl lD>I 'noo PYO<D~>lA3 AOlD ::>DlX0A ::>ll ~ ::>od~rlu ::>Ul O13>1d91Q U191O>I -UO 010U 30 3rlno)jd(T)AA A3Q Apdou 01 ::>odu 11p 13AjOrlUO nou ::>pA lmAoo09YYOA3 ::>!!llYYO 1)f 101~ ::>(T)rlp nou 'uY)f 'El180 'E4dl'lt A(T)19rl -OA3A 'j3An3d333 OA 13U~du ::>orl ::>OA~SO)f ° nou '::'3111ploAnQ 1O)f -n)f A!!l)flY0<D3)fA3 lJD010910)l 30 Anod~<D 30 OA A00dourl ::>31U1PAX ::>13rl9AnQ ::>3A~rlrlnd)l ::>~yyou 13X~ ::>OU(T)dSA9 ° 'lDA 'lD)j 'A00su08 -no 10 ::>~ln'\f '01orlpdou 119>1 ~ A(T)8rlP8 ::>130~<DodAoXu 1'OAj3 9>1110 OA 13U~du 119)1 30 'lON 'O~Ql ~YO>l 'OjdlO>ln3Ul!!ldu A1l3rl 3rlnoA9>1 -01ono nou 'Dlorl0>1 P>lIYO<D3>1A3 01 1\00)jA01AnO nou A(T)l~lOAXno

Ol OS 10>1 '1309lDnodou ::>11 OA O1A odSd9 OA~ 10>1 OAn3d~ O1rl 3)139 ::>~urlOU)f3 «::>~n3)fOno» 30 lD03d~<DOAO ::>!!lAO<Dodu 'OYY9 01 910)j OS odnoAjo lD)f 'S8U!4::JEW-PU!W 1309Y0)fOUO ::>11 OA ::>j3AO)l 3000d "'plno 13AjOrl -ourl OS nou 'DlorlA9du 01AOd~<D01QA3 lD>I OA339dou 913)1do AnoA -UO ::>!!l81d>lO 113rlnoS9rl OA 0YOU 3rlOY~S OS 9YYO 'lOAj3U3~Y ojod(T) -9>1 OA A00dourl nou ::>~n3)10nO ::>~>llQ13 A!!lQI3 A!!lYYOU AnoXd9UA '(noo 9rlU1JO OlD j3S1d)foUDlAO oS nou) «OA3>1 ::'~n<Dn3» 01 mA 000.

'::>OAoA3A O)lldOlOJ,onOo)f ADl~ OS 01no '130~Y3<D(T)

1)1 '013S~08 ~)lldlDl Ojrlo)l ::>jd(T)X AOloorlpn3uod38 OS oAOY O1d0>1 91 30 OS '::>(T)U9>1 'nou9>1 'oQoS~rl Ul Ouo ::>OA3rl00Aouodou ::>13A8 -0)1110 ~13AjOgD'{DIO)l '«D]3110d38 O1A ~3An80311n 1OA]3 nOll nOYP<D OA M(T)lUjd3U 13Xdpun A3Q 13AjA OA 10>1 11'0 3lD(T)yyplD)f '310U~Q110

-3)1A3 nOl ::'~X01d3U» 9YUO lDl~ 130~lOuOAd3A3 OA «Orl03d O>lldl>1 Ol mA ::'31Ul0A081U ::'3d310yoA3rl ::'13X9 '101AOA]A OW 'Q>nnoAnQ 10>1 -3YU» 01 3000dourl AO 'OYY9 01 910)j '::>3AOrl~101U3 ::>noAoyolDn<D Od310Y0>l ::'138!!llA A01Ol>1 '3 'Q>llnoAnQ 10>1 Od310Yo>l ::'138QJ1A OA 13A

~M\\~ :~~()\W4oCu

~

~J ::>0°)lIQ13 OUO onDld13X 3Y3S~ OS J3sud13X1U3 OA 3113du9 08 9Y0)f -9)f 30 OA OUO>lO 3n !!lQ3 '::'~yogoun8n'\f ::'UllO>I '::'VyogouA ::'lll oQ

~ ­,.

no nou KOlCryeml 0 XPlorO<pOpos Ko­Mpj3os;'Htav Y10S. evos u<pavlOuPYou am fevoj3a n evos noAoovou n6na; ­

., evos noptoy6Aou npiYKlna n pnnoos K6noJou lanavou; Mnopei va yevvn6nKe am BapKeAoovn pe toovopa KoMp;'H, tetuK6, ntav evas'DJ,nvas nou KOlCryOVtav ana m Xio; Anavnlaels Yla to epoompa unapxouv lOuAa­XlatOV 10 6Ia<popenKes, aAM KaplO bev 6eoo­peltaJ avap<pla~nmm ano oAous tOUS JatOpl­KOUS. Kaveis bev pnopei eivaJ anoMtoos ai­youpos Yla mv KOlayooyn lOU 6puA1KOU 6a­Aaaaonopou, aAAo noAAoi eivaJ autoi nou euxovml va eivaJ ibla pe m blKn tous. Tnv te­AlKn anavman eAnizouv OJ epeuvmes noos 6a m Oooael n emornpn ms fevetJKns, aAA6 aKO­pa KaJ auulbev eivaJ anoMloos aiyoupo noos 6a eivaJ n oooorn, lovizel ae npoa<pOlo 6npo­aleupo ms n e<pnpepi6a New York Times, an' onou nAnpo<popoupaate ns teAeutaies eEeAi­Eels oro 6epa ms avaznmans ms KOlayooyns IOU eEepeuvmn nou eeoopeltaJ oos "0 npootos nou avaKoAUljle mv ApeplKn»; nplV tpia xpovla ~pe6nKav am L:ej3iAAn ta oora tOU Xplato<popou KoMp~ou. Tote, evas !anavos yevenotns, 0 Xooe I\opevte, ane­

anaoe yevenKo UAlKO ana ta oata, eueAm­oroovtas noos to DNA lOU pey6Aou 6aAaaao­nopou 6a IOU anoKaMljleJ mv npaypanKn tOU Kamyooyn. 'Opoos, ons emmKllI<es epooul­aelS nou tOU exouv yiveJ ana tOte, anavt6 noos ta anOte"tapOla ms epeuvas 6ev pnopd va npOKuljIOUV tooO ypnyopa KOJ aUV10tO ae oAous tOUS eVbla<pepopevous unopovn ... H emKpOleatepn 6eoopia eivOJ autn nou uno­ampizel on 0 KoMpj3os KOlCryovtaV ana m fevoj3a ms !taAias.'Evas Kplato<popo KoM­pno unnpxe aiyoupa am fevo~a, oup<poova pe to apxeia ms noAns, aAAo aUlo KOl povo 6ev anoteAei OlpavtoXm ano6elEn noos npo­KeltaJ Yla to i6JO 6topo. °KoMpj3os zouae am vona [upoonn, eixe j3lj3A1a ala KOlaAavl­K6 aAA6 auvn61ze va yp6<peJ ora KaonAJavl­Ka. To «nazA» ms zoons tOU, ano to onoio pas Aeinouv K6nOJa j3aOJK6 Kopp6ua, pnep6euel 10US peAemtes IOU. Lnpepa, AOlnov, iooos n mo oiyoupn emampovlKO Man eivaJ n ou­YKplon tOU DNA lOU pe autO tOOV vtomoov ano us neploxes nou tOY 6leK6lKouV. To xpoopo­ooopa Y, nou noel ana nOlepa ae ylO, eiVaJ eva ano to j3on6npOla toov emompovoov, Ka­600s 6ev exel aAA6EeJ ana tOy 150 aJoova.

'EtOJ, pexpl auypns, eKOlOVt06es lonavoi, lta­Aoi aAA6 KOl raAAOJ exouv npoo<pepel 6eiYlla DNA atous epeuvmes Yla aUYKpltlKn avaAu­an. Lm BapKeAoovn, OJ ematnpoves evtomaav 2.000 av6pes pe to enoovupo KoMv KaJ enel­aav 225 ana autOUS va tous 6ooaouv 6eiypa. mOl 100 !taAoi pe to eni6eto KoMpno ana m fevoj3a KOl m j3opeJOavOloAJl<n !taAia, e600­aav to blKO tous. 'OAa m 6eiypma avaMovtaJ ana toy I\opevte ato navemaulplo ms fpavo­60S aAAo KaJ ematnpoves am poopn. Ynapxouv, ooatoao, KaJ noAAoi oAAOJ bleKbJ­Kmes, onoos n noAn MaylopKa, nou 0 Mpap­xos ms exeJ Ka"tael tOY ]anavo Ka6nymn va eEetOael to Aeiljlava evos vt6mou npiYKJna, nou ntav KOnOte KAnpovopos tOU KOlaAavl­KOU 6povou, Kal n pmepa tOU onoiou eixe to eni6elO KoMp. Bej3aJa, atov KOlaljlUKm tOU epyaampiou tOU 0 I\opevte blampei avtiatOI­xa OeiypOla KOl ana bUO ZOOVlavOUS eKnpo­ooonous ms nOplOyaAlKns j3aOJAJKnS OJKoye­velOS, OJ onoiOJ JaxupizovtaJ noos 0 KoAopj3os fltav peAos ms olKoyeveias KOJ npoiov eEooau­zUylKns axeans evos noplOyoAou npiyKma. Tooo OlblO<P0polbleK6lKmes 000 Kal OllalO­PlKOi avunopovouv Yla to anOte"tapOla tOOV eEetooeoov aAAo KaJ unomeuovtaJ, 0 Ka8evas ylO 61a<popetJKo Myo, noos 0 1\0peVte Ka6u­atepei va avaKolvoooel ta anOteAeopata tOOV epeuvoov tOU, npoana6oovtas va Kpuljlel mv aAn6elO! °emotnpovas, j3ej3aJa, apveltaJ va j3lOolei Ka6oos, onoos MeJ, ,,6eAel va eivOl anoAutoos aiyoupos» tovizovms noos "n em­otnpn xpelOZetaJ tOY xpovo ms KaJ exel tOUS OlKOUS ms pu6pous». ..., ....-..• 'AAAooote, ep<pavizoVlaJ 610<popes anpoo56­Kmes OuoKoAies: Mexpl auypns, exeJ j3pel noos OJ KataAavoi KoMp KaJ OJ revoj3ezOJ KoMpno exouv tOOO otevn auyyeveJa, nou bev pnopei va touS Eexoopiael ana eva tUmKO teOl yJa to xpoopoooopa Y.'ElOJ, SeAeJ va ~pel oAAes 61a­<popes av6peoo tOUS OOote va auv5toel tOY Ko­MJlj30 pe m aooorn IOU KOlayooyn.