高三英语总复习书面表达系列训练（一） 高三英语总复习书面表达系列训练（一） THE BEGINNING OF GOOD WRITING

句子成分句子成分

By Wen Chao By Wen Chao September 22, 2 September 22, 2

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句子成分• 英语的句子由哪些成分构成呢 ?

• 主要成分有主语和

• 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语、插入语。

谓语谓语

During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （ _____ ）The rich should help the poor. （ _______________ ） We often speak English in class. （ _____ ）One-third of the students in this class are girls. （ _____ ）To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （ _____ ）Smoking does harm to the health. （ _____ ）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （ _______________ ）It is necessary to master a foreign language.

1. What is the subject? 2. What can act as subjects?

主语 ( subject)

n. the + adj.pron.

num.to do.

--ing.

subject clause.

主语 ( subject)

1. 英语的主语必须是名词或相当于名词的语法 成份。 2. 这个主语必须能够承担谓语体现的动作。My study has made progress.→ I have made progress in my study.

提示

1. 吃得太多对你健康没好处。 (---ing 形式 )

Eating too much is bad for your health.

2. 这个问题很容易回答。It’s very easy to answer this question.

提示一个句号内只能有一个独立动词 ( 实意动词或系动词 ), 若出现两个或两个以上动词 , 要考虑用非谓语动词或加连词变从句 .

谓语 ( predicate)

• What is the predicate?

• What can act as predicate?

• 1 、简单谓语： 2 、 * 复合谓语 ( 助动词 . 情态动词等 )

谓语必须包含一个真正的动词 :实意动词 (Vt /Vi ) 、系动词、情态动词+ do

提示

1. 及物动词 ( Vt ) 必须跟宾语的动词

1. 句子有宾语要用 Vt.

2. Vt 后必须加宾语。

3. 句子主语是动作的承受者，必须用被动语态。

例 1 他昨晚写了一封信。 He wrote a letter last night.

例 2 A new airport _____ near the city last year.

A. build B. built C. was built D. is built

提示

2. 不及物动词 ( Vi ) 不能直接跟宾语的动词

1. 句子没有宾语要用 Vi 。

2. Vi 后不能直接加宾语。

3.Vi 没有被动语态。例 1 他仔细看。He looked carefully.

提示

He looked it carefully.

He looked at it carefully.

在选择动词写句子时 , 一定要先判断是 Vt,还是 Vi, 以免误用 .

提示

X

3. 怎样判断 Vt / Vi?

方法一 : 在背单词时 , 注意 Vt/ Vi.

方法二 : 想以前学过的词 , 短语 , 句子 .

例 1. “ 看” “ see, look, watch, read”

例 2. Nothing _____ after the terrible fire caused by the careless doorkeeper.

A. left B. continued C. kept D. remained

系动词1. 系动词后接形容词或名词。2. 系动词没有被动语态。

系动词的分类：

be , keep, remain, stay, stand

appear, seem. look,

become, get, turn, go, grow, fall, come

表示持续的状态 :

表示状态变化的 :

表示感官的 : feel, sound, taste, smell, look

表示表象的 :

表示结果的 : prove, turn out

提示

Our teacher of English is an American. （ _____ ）Is this watch yours? （ _____ ）The weather has turned cold. （ __________ ）Time is up. The class is over. （ __________ ） The machine must be out of order. （ __________ ）His job is to teach English. （ _____ ）His hobby （爱好） is playing football. （ _____ ）The truth is that he has never been abroad.(_______________)

表语 : n.

pron.

adj.

adv.Prep phrase.

to do.doing.

predictive clause.

Practice:

1. 这个报告听上去挺有意思的。

The report sounds interesting.

2. 结果天气很好。

The weather turned out / proved ( to be ) fine.

3. He looked ____ at me and looked ______.

A. sad, sad B. sadly, sad

C. sadly, sad D. sadly, sadly

They went to see an exhibition （展览） yesterday. （ _____ ）The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(___

__ ）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. （ _____ ）They helped the old with their housework yesterday. （ _____ ）He pretended not to see me. （ __________ ）I enjoy listening to popular music. （ _____ ）I think （ that ） he is fit for his office. （ ______________ ）

宾语 :

宾语种类：（ 1 ）双宾语（间接宾语 + 直接宾语 ) . eg. Lend me your dictionary, please.（ 2 ）复合宾语（宾语 + 宾补） . eg. His father named him Dongming

提示

n.

pron.num.

the +adj.to do.

doing. object clause.

They elected him their monitor. （ _____ ）They painted their boat white. （ _____ ）Let the fresh air in. （ _____ ）You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. （ ___

_______ ）We saw her entering the room. （ __________ ）We found everything in the lab in good order. （ ______

______ ）

宾语补足语 :

n.

adj.

adv.

to do.

doing.

prep phrase

What’s the function of the attributive and adverbial?

• To make your sentences more vivid

• To make your idea more clearly.• To enrich your language and

above all, they can help you get higher marks!!!

Guilin is a beautiful city. （ _____ ）His rapid progress in English made us surprised. （ ____

_ ） He is reading an article about how to learn English. （ ___

__________ ） The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. （ __

________ ） China is a developing country; America is a developed co

untry. （ ___________ ） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. （ _

_________ ）There are thirty women teachers is our school. （ _____)The students who work hard will make greater progress.

（ _______________ ）

定语 : adj.

pron.

prep phrase

--ing& done.

to do.

n.

---ing.

attributive clauses.

Light travels most quickly. （ __________ ）He has lived in the city for ten years. （ ___________

____ ）He is proud to have passed the national college ent

rance examination. （ _____ ）He is in the room making a model plane. （ _____ ）Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. （ _____ ）Once you begin, you must continue.

(______________ ）

状语 :

adv.

prep phrase.

to do.

done.

doing.

Adverbial clause.

状语的种类 How about meeting again at six? （ _____ 状语）Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the

rain. （ _____ 状语）I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. （ _____ 状语）Mr Smith lives on the third floor. （ _____ 状语）She put the eggs into the basket with great care. （ _____

状语）She came in with a dictionary in her hand. （ _________

_ 状语）In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.

（ _____ 状语）He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. （ _____

状语）She works very hard though she is old. （ _____ 状语）I am taller than he is. （ _____ 状语）

时间

原因条件地点

方式

伴随 / 方式

目的结果

让步比较

指出划线部分是什么句子成分 • 1. The students got on the school bus.• 2. He handed me the newspaper.• 3. I shall answer your question after class.• 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!• 5. They went hunting together early in the morning.• 6. His job is to train swimmers.• 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.• 8. There is going to be an American film tonight.• 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.• 10. His wish is to become a scientist.

指出划线部分是什么句子成分 • 11. He managed to finish the work in time.• 12. Tom came to ask me for advice.• 13. He found it important to master English.• 14. Do you have anything else to say?• 15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.• 16. Would you please tell me your address?• 17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.• 18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.• 19. He noticed a man enter the room.• 20. The apples tasted sweet.

高三英语总复习书面表达系列训练（二） 高三英语总复习书面表达系列训练（二） THE BEGINNING OF GOOD WRITING

基 本 句 型基 本 句 型

By Wen Chao By Wen Chao September 22, 2009 September 22, 2009

Clear idea Beautiful language

Beautiful handwriting

What is good writing?

Proper words Correct sentences Complete passages (organization, linking words)

Sentence structures

Tenses

Group 1: 1) The students arrived.2) The girl is crying. 3) They have been waiting. 4) The train will leave.

Group 2 ．1) The students arrived there early in the morning.2) The girl is crying because she failed in the exam. 3) They have been waiting for hours to see the film star. 4) The train will leave in half an hour.

Sentence structure简单句的五个基本句型

1. 主语 主语 + + 谓语谓语

这种结构中的谓语动词是不及物动词，根据意思需要可以加入状语修饰，这就引出了下列句型： 主语 主语 + + 谓语谓语 + + 状语状语

提示

1. 主语 主语 + + 谓语：谓语：1) 电话响了。

2) 他住在广州。

3) 火车马上就要出站了。

The telephone rang/is ringing.

He lives in Guangzhou.

The train will leave soon.

4) 在过去五年中我的家乡发生了很大变化。

Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years.

Why do so many farmers come to Beijing?

Many farmers come to Beijing in search of good jobs and higher pay.

in search of / with the purpose of / in order to

2. 主语 主语 + + 谓语 谓语 + + 宾语宾语 +(+( 状状语语 ))1. 他正在读一本小说。2. 今天下午我想和你谈谈。 1. He is reading a novel.2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.

1) He never played football in the park last year.2) I met the teacher in the street yesterday.3) We've known each other before.4) I am listening to the radio.5) You must finish reading these books in two weeks.6) We all believe that Jack is an honest boy.

• Tom

• ride a bike

• along the street/road

• a few days ago/ the other day/ one day

提示 Pay attention to the tense.

who, what, where, when, why, how

• A car • run fast to/ run

into him• hit• Tom• Suddenly / all of

a sudden• Tom• fall off • his bike

who, what, where, when, why, how

1.This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.

2.The dinner │smells │good.

3. The machine │is│ in good condition.

4. Everything │remained │untouched.

5. The question │is │who can complete the difficult task.

3. 主语 主语 + + 系动词 系动词 + + 表表语语

• The driver• Frightened• run away• Quickly /

without hesitation …

who, what, how

4. 主语主语 ++ 谓语谓语 ++ 间接宾语（人）间接宾语（人） ++ 直接宾语 直接宾语 （物）（物）

1. 他给了我一本字典。2. 我会把我的自行车借给你的。3. 请把那本书递给我。4. 她给我做了一件新衣服。1. He gave me a dictionary. (He gave a dictionary to me.)

2. I’ll lend you my bike. (I’ll lend my bike to you.)

3. Please pass me the book. (Please pass the book to me.)

4. She made me a new dress. ( She made a new dress for me.)

eg. As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when ________ to see him. A. you come B. you’ll come

1.1. We have proved him wrong.2. The teacher advises us to read it carefully. 3. We found the story very interesting.4. He found the door closed.

5. I found it very pleasant to be with you. **

6. I’ll have someone do it for you.7. I heard them singing when I passed by.

5. 5. 主语 主语 + + 谓语 谓语 + + 宾语 宾语 + + 宾语补足语：宾语补足语：

提示 宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系 , 若无宾补 , 则句意不完整。

• a woman• see • the accident• she• remember the

number of the car

• tell the police …

• the driver/ catch

who, what, where, when, why, how

常用的 5 个句型（牛津现代高级）

• 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 (+ 状语 ) I received your letter. We found our way.• 主语 + 谓语 ( + 状语 ) It happened last week. We started off at six.• 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 (+ 状语 ) I was very pleased. The story sounds funny.• 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 (+ 状语 ) We noticed him enter the house.• 主语 + 谓语 + 间宾 + 直宾 (+ 状语 ) You offered me much help.

Exercise 11. Is, she, looks, too, thin, beautiful, but

2. a, few, way, later, minutes, we, on, the, were, to, the Mount Tai

3. He ， carry ， to ， me ， help ， box ， offered ， the

4. Then , he , the, began , to, discuss, partner, question, with, his,

5. afternoon, a lot of, come, the, to, library, books, borrow, every, students, to

She is beautiful but looks too thin.

A few minutes later we were on the way to the Mount Tai.

He offered to help me carry the box.

Then he began to discuss the question with his partner .

Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.

6. at, age, of ,fifteen, famous, he, pianist, the, became, a

7. The, save, machine, a lot of ,time, new, you, will,

8. loud, can , even, noise, people, mad, very, drive

9. when, I , I , entered, smelled ,the, kitchen, something , burning.

10. it , they , morning, find, helpful, take ,exercise ,in, the, to.

At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.

The new machine will save you a lot of time.

Very loud noise can even drive people mad.

When I entered the kitchen, I smelled something burning.

They find it helpful to take exercise in the morning.

When you write English sentences, first of all ----secondly ---- then ----Last but not the least, write your sentences clearly.

Summary:

Practice makes perfect. There’ s a long way to go!

Key words sentences

A woman saw the accident and remembered the number of the car. She called the police. The driver was caught.

ride a bike /run fast to

see the accident/remember the number /call the police /be caught

be frightened /run away

hit him/fall off his bike

When Tom was riding along the street. A car ran fast to him. The car hit him. And he fell off his bike.The driver was so frightened that he ran away.

Tom was riding along the street. A car ran fast to him. The car hit him and he fell off his bike. The driver was frightened. He ran away. A woman saw the accident. She remembered the number of the car. She called the policeman. The driver was caught.

Passage 1

The other day, Tom was riding along the street when he saw a car run fast towards him. He turned left quickly but it was too late. The car hit him and he fell off his bike. The driver of the car was so frightened that he ran away as fast as he could. He was soon out of sight, leaving Tom helpless on the spot. Fortunately, a woman happened to see it and remembered the number of the car. She called the policeman and told him what had happened. Finally, the driver was caught and punished for his wrong doing.

Passage 2

参 考 答 案 The other day, Tom was riding along the street.

Suddenly, a car was running towards him fast. He

was so frightened that he quickly turned to the left

side. But it was too late. The car hit his bike and he

fell off it. When the driver realized that he had

caused an accident, he got such a fright that he

took flight with his car. He was soon out of sight,

leaving Tom helpless on the spot. Fortunately a

passer-by happened to see what had happened and

remembered the number of the car. He reported

this to the police. Now the driver has been caught

and will be punished for his wrong doing.

根据下列图画中 Tom 骑自行车的经历，用英语写一篇故事。请注意使用简单句的五种基本句型，使你的每一句话完整、正确。

Homework

Helpful words:

plate number 车牌号run away/ run off

最低要求

较高要求中等要求

作业分层要求

3—5 名 , 完成基本的简单句

15—18 名 , 完成基本的简单句和适当的连接 , 使文章通顺

10—15 名 , 完成基本的简单句 , 适当的连接并尝试复合句或非谓语结构 , 使文章流畅通顺