上海建桥学院大学英语教研室制作

Unit Two

Text A The freedom Givers

ContentBackground Information

Warm-up Activity

Text organization

Sentence study

Words and Phrases

ExercisesTranslationAbstractClozeListening

Background Information

Freedom and Rights Freedom of the individual is considered one of the

essential features of western civilization, which is itself sometimes called the Free World.

This freedom is often expressed in terms of rights to do certain things or to be treated in a particular way.

When a person does something that others think strange, British and American people will often say, “It’s a free country,” meaning that although they disagree with the choice they recognize the other person’s right to make it.

Background Information

Civil Rights Movement

Youth Anti-war Movement

Women’s Liberation Movement

1960s

The Civil Rights Movement

Background Information

Knowledge of American geography

The Southern States (marked with blue and green):

Al: Alabama, Ar: Arkansas; F: Florida; G: Georgia; L:

Louisiana; M: Mississippi; N: North Carolina; S: South Carolina; Ten: Tennessee; Tex: Texas and V: Virginia

The Deep South states are marked with green.

Background Information

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

It is a novel (1852) by the US writer Harriet Beecher Stowe which increased support for the movement to free slaves. It is about a kind slave called Tom who is badly treated and finally killed by Simon Legree. Tom’s daughter Little Eva also dies, and another well-known character in the novel is the slave child Topsy.

The name Uncle Tom is sometimes used as an insult to describe an African-American who has too much respect for white people.

Background Information

Warm-up Activity

Warm-up activity

Abraham Lincoln was the sixteenth president of the US.

As president, he issued the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever to free those slaves within the Confederacy.

Warm-up activity

John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the thirty-fifth president of the US.

As president, he took vigorous actions in the cause of equal rights, calling for civil rights legislation. On November 22, 1963, John F Kennedy was killed by an assassin’s bullets.

Warm-up activity

Dr. King was an important figure in the Civil Right Movement. One of his famous speech was “I have a dream”. He believed in non-violence but he died of violence. Dr. king was shot on April 4, 1968.

Warm-up activity

Bobby Kennedy, or Robert F. Kennedy brother of President John F. Kennedy. attorney general (司法部长 ) enforced a Federal court order admitting the first African American student --- James Meredith --- to the university of Mississippi.

Warm-up activity

Warm-up Activity

Listen to the speech I have a

dream delivered by Dr. King

and tell what are civil

rights?

A class of rights ensuring things such as the

protection of peoples' physical safety;

procedural fairness in law; protection from discrimination based

on gender, religion, race, etc; individual freedom of belief, speech,

association, and the press; and political participation.

Warm-up activity

What and Who do they refer to ?

Freedom liberty / salvation/free soil

Railroad no trains, but wagons, boats

Passengers escaping slaves/fugitives

Stations safe houses/ stores/stops/refuges

Conductors blacks/some whites/escaped slaves

Text organization

Text organization

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One

Paras 1-5

It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.

Part Two

Paras 6-23

(3 stories)

By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.

Story One Para 6-10Para 6-10

After winning his After winning his own freedom own freedom from slavery, John from slavery, John Parker helped Parker helped other slaves to other slaves to escape north to escape north to Canada to get Canada to get freedom. freedom.

Text organization

Story Two Para 11-15Para 11-15

Supported by a Supported by a strong religious strong religious conviction, the conviction, the white man Levi white man Levi Coffin helped black Coffin helped black slaves to escape at slaves to escape at huge risk. huge risk.

Text organization

Story Three Para 16-23Para 16-23

By traveling the By traveling the Underground Underground Railroad, Josiah Railroad, Josiah Henson reached Henson reached his destination his destination and become free and become free at last.at last.

The John Parker House in Ripley, Ohio

Text organization

Sentence study

Sentence study

1. 1. Josiah was a man of principle. (L. 14)Josiah was a man of principle. (L. 14)

Paraphrase:

Josiah Henson observed / Josiah Henson observed / followed followed moral principles. moral principles.

Sentence study

2. 2. In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive. was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive. (L. 45 )(L. 45 )

Paraphrase: In Kentucky, anyone who captured In Kentucky, anyone who captured him, no matter whether he was dead him, no matter whether he was dead or alive, would be rewarded $1000 and or alive, would be rewarded $1000 and now he was going to Kentucky.now he was going to Kentucky.

Sentence study

3. The others made it to the Ohio shore, where 3. The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take them to the next "station“…them to the next "station“… （（ L54)L54)

Paraphrase: The others successfully went to the shore, The others successfully went to the shore, there Parker made arrangements that a there Parker made arrangements that a wagon took them to the next safe place. wagon took them to the next safe place.

Sentence study

4. Making the best4. Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligentlyof his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owner's regard. (L. 93) and rose far in his owner's regard. (L. 93)

Paraphrase: Henson made full use of his own Henson made full use of his own fortune in life and worked very hard . He fortune in life and worked very hard . He was regarded highly by his owner was regarded highly by his owner

Words and Phrases

v. create by means of much hard workv. create by means of much hard work

make a forgery or counterfeitmake a forgery or counterfeit

1. forge1. forge

Their friendship was forged by shared adversity.Their friendship was forged by shared adversity.

他们的友谊是通过共患难而形成的。 他们的友谊是通过共患难而形成的。

Words and Phrases

He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brother’s He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brother’s

signature on a check. signature on a check.

他仿造哥哥的笔迹，以不正当方式获得了那笔钱。他仿造哥哥的笔迹，以不正当方式获得了那笔钱。

The restaurant owner exploitsThe restaurant owner exploits the workers with long hours the workers with long hours

and low payand low pay

餐馆老板剥削工人，长时间工作报酬却很低。餐馆老板剥削工人，长时间工作报酬却很低。

2. 2. exploitexploit n. brave or adventurous deed or actionn. brave or adventurous deed or action

Words and Phrases

vt. employ to the greatest possible advantagevt. employ to the greatest possible advantage

Their heroic exploits will go down in history.Their heroic exploits will go down in history.

他们的英雄业绩将被载入史册。他们的英雄业绩将被载入史册。

3. capture3. capture n. the act of taking by force or of being taken by forcen. the act of taking by force or of being taken by force

v. take a person or animal prisonerv. take a person or animal prisoner

He was released yesterday, six months after his capture by the He was released yesterday, six months after his capture by the terrorists.terrorists.

在被恐怖分子劫持六个月后，他昨天获释。在被恐怖分子劫持六个月后，他昨天获释。

She was captured trying to escape from the country.She was captured trying to escape from the country.

她在企图逃离这个国家时被捕获她在企图逃离这个国家时被捕获。。

Words and Phrases

4. impose4. impose

v. try to make sb. accept (an opinion or beliefv. try to make sb. accept (an opinion or belief))

Words and Phrases

The government has made a decision to impose new The government has made a decision to impose new taxestaxes on wines and spirits.on wines and spirits.政府决定酒类加征新税。政府决定酒类加征新税。

I must perform the task that has been imposed on me.I must perform the task that has been imposed on me.我们必须完成我们肩负的任务。 我们必须完成我们肩负的任务。

5.5. disguisedisguise v. give sb. / sth. a false appearancev. give sb. / sth. a false appearance

The soldiers disguised themselves by wearing white The soldiers disguised themselves by wearing white garments in the snow.garments in the snow.

士兵们在雪地里穿着白色的衣服以掩护自己。士兵们在雪地里穿着白色的衣服以掩护自己。

Words and Phrases

She disguised herself as a man so that she could fight on the She disguised herself as a man so that she could fight on the battlefield.battlefield.

她装扮成男人以便能在战场上战斗。她装扮成男人以便能在战场上战斗。

6.6. compelcompel make sb. do sth. ; by forcemake sb. do sth. ; by force

Whoever you are, you cant compel them to give up their Whoever you are, you cant compel them to give up their ideas by force.ideas by force.

不管你是谁，你都不能迫使他们放弃自己的看法。不管你是谁，你都不能迫使他们放弃自己的看法。用法用法 compel sb. to do sth. compel sb. to do sth.

be compelled to dobe compelled to do

Words and Phrases

7. abolish7. abolish

v. end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.)v. end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.)

The death penalty is to be abolished before The death penalty is to be abolished before the end of this year. the end of this year.

死刑年底以前将要废除。死刑年底以前将要废除。

Words and Phrases

8.8. pass forpass for appear like; be accepted or looked upon asappear like; be accepted or looked upon as

He passes for a learned man.He passes for a learned man.他看上去是个博学的人。他看上去是个博学的人。

I can’t imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel.I can’t imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel.

我无法想象这个地方怎么会是个五星级酒店。我无法想象这个地方怎么会是个五星级酒店。

Words and Phrases

相关词组相关词组pass down pass down Pass onPass onPass outPass out

9. interference9. interference

the act of interfering in something the act of interfering in something 干涉干涉

Your interference in his private affairs is unreasonable. Your interference in his private affairs is unreasonable.

你干涉他的私人事务是没道理的。你干涉他的私人事务是没道理的。

The sound of the radio upstairs interferes with my work.The sound of the radio upstairs interferes with my work.

楼上收音机的声音干扰了我工作楼上收音机的声音干扰了我工作

Words and Phrases

Exercises

3. 我们要充分利用所拥有的资源来创造机会。We should make the best of all the resources

we own to create opportunities.

.

2. 杰克装扮成天主教牧师穿过边境逃离。Jack escaped across the border disguised as a Catholic priest.

1. 我不想把我的宗教信仰强加给任何人。

I wouldn’t want to impose my religious conviction on anyone.

Exercises

Translation

6. 他说美式英语说得那么好，足可以充当一个美国人。

He speaks American English well enough to pass for an American

5. 尽管我三十多岁了，在父母的眼里，我还是个小孩子 In the eyes of my parent, I am still a child although I am already in my thirties.

4. 据报道西部的一些地区面临沙漠化的危险。

It is reported that some areas in the west are at high risk of

desertification.

Exercises

Translation

forge stand up for transport

Compel Liberate conviction

mission exploit at risk

be intent on abolish

Write an abstract for the text with the key words given.Abstract

Exercises

The underground railroad was forged by the efforts of those who were prepared to fight against slavery and stand up for the long suffering Southern black Americans. Some of those who helped to transport slaves to the North and freedom were farmer slaves themselves. Others felt compelled to take part because of their deeply held convictions. For many of those involved , liberating the slaves from those who exploiting them became a mission . While their eventual goal was to abolish slavery completely, in the meantime they were intent on helping to free as many as possible, often at considerable risk.

reference

Exercises

Listening

Exercises

Directions: In this section, you will hear several long conversations. At the end of each conversation, several questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.