001 Water Effluent-rev3 Bo Mon Xu Ly Nuoc Thai Sinh Hoat

8/14/2019 001 Water Effluent-rev3 Bo Mon Xu Ly Nuoc Thai Sinh Hoat

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TAI LIEU C CUNG CAP TAI A CH DIEN AN

WWW.MOITRUONG.CO.NR


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THE WATER


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THE WATER CYCLE

Rain water

WASTEWATERTREATMENT

PLANT

River, Lake, sea

DRINKING ANDPROCESS WATER

PLANT

Drinking

water

Process

wate

r


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The water : H2O +

pollution

Soluble: Particle size less than 0.45 m

SS : Filtration on a 1.2 m membrane and dewatering in an

oven at 105C during 2 hours

DISSOLVED

POLLUTIO

N SUSPENDED

SOLIDS

COLLOID

SOLUBLE

PARTICULATE


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Pollution

Micro-organisms

Organic substances

Inorganic substances


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Organic

substances

Proteins

Fats

Carbohydrates (sugars)

Hydrocarbons (petroleum), phenols

Chemical compounds as Pesticides

Any substance that contain C except Carbonates,

Carbon Oxides and Gases


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Inorganic Substances : Mineral,

metals, non metallic elements

Nitrogen compounds (NH4+, NO3

-)

Sulphures (S-2), Phosphates (PO4-3), Sulfates (SO4

-2)

Bicarbonates (HCO3-), carbonates (CO3

-2),

Cations alcalines (Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2)

Halogens (Cl-, F-)

Metals (Fe, Cu, Al, As, Ni, )


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Micro-organisms : Bacteria, Parasites

and Virus

Virus

- Enterovirus

Bacteria

- Total Coliforms

- Fecal Coliforms (Escherichia Coli)

- Streptococcus

- Salmonellas

- Staphylococcus

- Aeromonas

Parasites

- Cryptosporidium

- Helminthes eggs (nematods, cestodes)


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Origin Destination / why do we need to treat

Composition (principal parameters) Different kinds of treatment

MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER

Wastewater

treatment plant


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Municipal wastewaters : origin


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Organic or mineral

substances

Hydrocarbones

Soaps

Acids

Bases

Toxics

Suspended solids

Minerals, Metals

Hydrocarbons

Vegetal residues

Nitrates

Soaps

Soils

Vegetal and animal

residues

SoilGreases, Soaps

Proteins, Fats,

Carbohydrates

Dissolved salts

Hydrocarbons substances

Nitrogen (organic + NNH4)

Phosphorus

Microorganism pollution

Bacteria

Virus

Parasites

Industrial waterRain WaterDomestic water

Municipal wastewater : composition


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Municipal wastewaters : Principal

parameters

KN : Kjeldahl Nitrogen = Organic N + N.NH4+

TN : Total Nitrogen = Organic N+N.NH4+ +oxyded N (NO2

- + NO3-)

BOD : Biochemical oxygen Demand

COD : Chemical Oxygen Demand

SS : Suspended solids

TP : Total Phosphorus = Polyphosphates + P.PO4 + particulate P


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Principal treatments for domestic wastewaters

Free Cultures : Activated Sludge, MBR

Fixed cultures : Bio-filters, Biodiscs,

Trickling filters...

Hybrid cultures : MBBR

Biological

UV

Chemical

DISINFECTIO

N

Coagulation Flocculation + Settling

Coagulation Flocculation + FiltrationChemical

Settling

Filtration

Clarification

Physical


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Municipal wastewaters :typical

valuesPollution for population equivalent (PE)

4 to 332.5 to 4TP

20 to 12513 to 15KN

100 to 75060 to 90SS

100 to 60055 to 70BOD5

200 to 1200120 to 150COD

Concentration

(mg/l)

g/PE / day

BOD5 : 60 g / PE / day

Water consumption : 120 to 600 l /PE / day


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Typical values for microorganisms in wastewaters

Virus 0 2x105

Bacteria No. for liter in a domestic WW

- Total coliforms 109 1011

- Fecal coliforms 106 1010

- Streptococcus 105 108

- Salmonella 0 103

- Staphylococcus 101 105

- Aeromonas 105 108

Parasites

- giardia 101 105

- cryptosporidium 0 104

- Helminthes eggs (nematodes) 0 102


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THE

EFFLUENT


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Municipal wastewaters :

destination

- Unpleasant ecosystems development- To protect the environment

- Flore and fauna toxicity

- Oxygen consumption

- Hazardous

Natural environment river, lake,sea


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European laws : quality of treated

water

> 100 0007010TN To be respected in yearly

average

10 000100 0007015TNSensible

zones

N and P

pollution

Normal

Zones

Carbon

pollution

All loads9035SS

According

To

Analyses

no.

No. of

Autorised

excess

Conformity rulesPollution loadEfficiency

mini

Concen

maxiParameter

> 100 000

10 000100 000

All loads

> 10 000

2 000-10 000

No. PE Maxi values%mg/l

80

80

75

80

70

1

2

125

25

25

BOD5

TP

TP

BOD5

COD

BOD5 = 50

COD = 250

SS = 85

mg/l


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Chinese Standards : quality of treated water

24 hours mixed

sample

< 60 mg/lCOD1 B

< 20 mg/lBOD5

< 20 mg/lSS

< 20 mg/lTot-N

< 8 mg/lNH4-N

< 1,0 mg/lTot-P

Tot-P

NH4-N

Tot-N

SS

BOD5

COD

Parameter

< 0,5 mg/l

< 5 mg/l

< 15 mg/l

< 10 mg/l

< 10 mg/l

24 hours mixed

sample

< 50 mg/l1 A

Sampling typeValueStandard


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Typical values for a discharge in a river:No. For 100 ml (for a discharge in a river)

0 10 / 100mlCryptosporidium

Parasites

Bacteria

0 1 / 100 mlHelminthes eggs

1 10 / 100

ml

Giardia

0 10 / 100

ml

Salmonella

10 / 100 mlStreptococcus

100 / 100 mlFecal Coliforms

1000 / 100 mlTotal coliforms


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Vietnamese Standards : TCVN 7222 : 2002

24 hours mixed

sample

< 50 mg/lCODF3

< 10 mg/lBOD5

< 10 mg/lSS< 15 mg/lTot-N

< 5 mg/lTot-P

Tot-P

Tot-N

SSBOD5

COD

Parameter

< 12 mg/l

< 30 mg/l

< 30 mg/l< 30 mg/l

24 hours mixed

sample

< 100 mg/lF1

Sampling typeValueStandard

TCVN 6987 : 2001


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WWW.MOITRUONG.CO.NR

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001 Water Effluent-rev3 Bo Mon Xu Ly Nuoc Thai Sinh Hoat