cTpaTerHjcK a ncllpan<nBalbaStrategic Research f nstitute

Д05PoBottЦИ y BEЛ ИКoM PATy1914…1918

丁HE VoLUNttEERS iN ttHE GREAtt wAR

1914-1918

Marr,rqa cpncxaMatica srpska

l4cropujcxu nHcruryrInstitute of History

blncruryr ga

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Institute of HistoryCof lection of Works, vol. 36

Strategic Research f nstituteMatica srpska

Vlcropujcxu ulcruryr36opnrax paAoBa, xr+. 3E

Vnctnryr 3a crparerrjcxa Hcrpalxh Ba Fba

Marnr-1a cpncKa

Д05POBottЦ И y BEЛИКoM PATy1914-1918

Vpe4nnr-pa

Cpf ax pygnh, Actopnjctn u*crnryrfla nn6op.Qe x4a, Vncrnryt 3a crpare *j cxa hcrpa x h Ba lba

bopfe Eypnh, Marrqa cpncKa

5eorpaД

2018.

THE VoLUNTEERS:N ttHE

1914-1918GREAT WAR

Editors

Srdan Rudii, Institute of HistoryDalibor Denda, Strategic Research fnstitute

Dorde Durii, Matica srpska

Hsdoeobe oeoe z6opnuxo eunancujcxu cy nowoauMnxrcrapcrBo npocBere, Hayxe H Texlronourxor paraoja Bna4e peny6arxe cp6rje

M r,r x ncrapcrao og6pa xe Bn a4e peny6n n re Cp6rjell oxpajr x c*r{ ce*perapnjar 3a xyrnyp% ia exo n xsopru rca rue

't oAHoce ca BepcxhM raje4xrqama All Bojeo4nxe

This book has been pubrished with the financior suppott ofThe Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Developmen! Republic of Serbia

Ministry of Defence, Republic of Serbiaprovinciar secretariat for curture, pubric Information

and Relations with Religious communities of vojvodina

VP[昴ИBAHКИ OД50P

aKaAeMhK Mrxajno Bojeo4rh, npeAceAHxx (Cp6ria)

ep Eopbe Bypuh (Cp6nja)

ep Cpbax Pygrh (cp6ujal

Ap Mr,rnuh J. Mrnr,rhearh (Cp6rjal

nornyxoaHr.rx Ap Mnruax Mrnxrh (Cp6rja)

nornyxoBH r,r K Ap .Qan r6op rQex4a, Haf{ HH ceKperap (Cp6rja}

4p EQnpaxcrja llacxaar4y (l-pvxa)

4p Axgpej lUemjaxrx

Ap ToДop口 eTpoB{5vrapcК al

Дp TaMapa Шep(AycrpHia}

Дp Ъv3ene MOTa lИ TaЛИja}

Дp BatttaB ШhenaHeK(Ч eШКa}

ED:TOR:AL BOARD

Academician Mihallo VoiVOdに ′president{Serbia}

Diordie Diu‖こ′PhD{Serbia)

Srdan Rudiこ′PhD{Serbia)

M‖にJo M‖にeuこ′PhD{SerЫ a)

Lt Col Miりan Milkに′PhD iSerbia)

Lt Col Dalibor Denda′ Phtt sCientinc secretary{Serbia}

Efpraxia S,Pascha‖ dou′ PhD{Greece)

「Andrev L.Shemva‖ n′ Ph囃{RusJa)

Todor Petrovp phD{Bulgaria)

Tamara scheer′ PhD{Austria}

Giuseppe Motta′ PhD{ltalv}

V6clav Stこ pttnek′ PhD{Czech Repub‖ c)

CAД PЖ AJCONttENttS

口PEД「OBOPFOREWORD

Д05POBOrbAЧ КO日ИTA比正И HAЦИOHMHИ 口OKPETИVOLUNTEER QUEST10N AND NA丁 10NAL MOVEMENTS

Ciro Paoletti

lTALIAN VOLUNTEERS SINCE 1914

■ИpO naOЛeTИ

ИTAЛ ИJAHCКИ Д05POBOttЦИ y ΠPBOM CBETCК OM PAW

Anato‖ i Prokopiev′ Z:atko ivanov

FROM VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT TO MOBILIZAT10N ARMY― FORMAT10NAND COMPOSIT10N OF THE llTH MACEDONIAN INFANTRY DIVIS10N IN 1915

AHaToЛИ ΠpoКo口ИeB′ 3ЛaTxo ИBaHoBOД ДOБPOBO■)AЧКO「 ΠOКPEttA ДO PEFynAPHE BOJCKE― ΦOPMИ PA趾[И CACTAB XI MAК EДOHCKE ΠEШへДИJCК E ДИBИ 3И JE 1915。

0!eg Airapetov

VOLUNttEER UNITSIN THE RUSSIAN ARMY′ FIRST HALF A YEAR OF WORLDWARI.ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMSOЛ er AipaneTOB

Д05POBO/bAЧ КEJEД ИHИЦE y PycК OJ BOJCЦИ y ΠPBИ M「OДИHAMAΠPBO「 CBEttCKO「 PATA:Π PEД HOCTИ И ΠPOБЛEMИ

Manue:Stう nescu

VOLUNttEERSiN THE ROMANIAN ARMY 1916-1919MaHveЛ CTaHecКv

Д05POBO几ЦИ y PyMyHcК OJ BOJCЦИ 1916-1919

Krzysztof Kubiak

POLISH VOLUNTARY FORCES DURING THE FIRST WORLDヽ ⅣARКpЖИШToφ Кv6iaКΠO■)CК E Д05POBO/bAЧ КE CHA「E y ttPBOM cBETCKOM PAW

B!att Torkar

SLOVENIAN VOLUNTEERSIN THE SERBIAN ARMY BETWEEN 1914 AND 1918

БЛa‖《TopКap

C月 OBEHAЧ KИ Д05POBOttЦИ y cPΠ CКOJ BOJCЦИ 191どトー1918

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21

33

57

75

43

93

113

Д05POBOttЦ И y PATV

VOLUNTEERSIN THE WAR

129

153 JapOmaB B.BИ Lu「baKOBCP5И y 50PБ И 3A Д05Pytty 1916-1917.「 OДИHEJaroslav V.vishniakov

SERBSIN THE STRAGGLES FOR DOBRUGIA 1916-1917

171 AЛ eКcaHД ap》КИBoTИh″ЦPHA PyKA″ И CPΠ CКИ ДOБPOBOttAЧКИ КOP口 yc

A:eksandar 2ivOtic″BLACK HAND″ IN THE SERBIAN VOLUNTEER CORPS

185 5oЖИЦa MЛ aДeHoBИ h′ MИЛИh Jo MИЛИheBИhД05POBO几ЦИ y TO口ЛИЧКOM ycTAHКyBo芝ica MladenoviC′ Mi::こ 』.Mi‖こeviこVOLUNTEERS iN THE TOPLiCA UPRISiNG

193 MИ JbaH MИЛКИhCttBAPA比だMyЛ TИКoHΦ ECИ OHAЛ HE BOJCК E.ДOБPOBOttЦИPИMOКATOЛИЦИ И ΠPOTECTAHTИ y cPΠ CКOJ BOJCЦИHA COЛ yHCКoM ΦPOHIVMi!ian Milkiこ

MAKING OF MULTICONFESS10NAL ARMY.ROMAN CATHOLIC ANDPROTESTANtt VOLUNTEERS IN SERBIAN ARMY ON THE THESSALONIKI FRONT

ЛИЧHOCrИ И ДPyШTBEHE「Py口E

PERSONALiTIES AND SOC:AL GROUPS

213 Ferenc Po‖ mannHUNGARIAN ACADEMIC VOLUNttEERSiN THE AUSTROHUNGARIAN ARMYIN 1914

●epeHЦ ΠoЛMaHMAЪAPCКИ CTyAEHTИ Д05POBOttЦИ y AycTPOy「 APCК OJ BOJCЦИ1914.「OДИHE

ДaЛИ6op ДeHДa

PyCКИ ДOБPoBOttЦИ y cPΠ CKOJ 80JCЦИ y ΠPBOM CBETCК OM PAWDa‖bor Denda

RUSSiAN VOLUNTEERS WITHIN SERBIAN ARMY DURING THE WWI

助 eКcei TИ MoφeieB 231Д05POBOttЦИ И「EPИЛCКИ PAT y cPБИJИ И PyCИ JИ

y ΠPBOM CBETCК OM PAIVAleksev Tir710feev

VOLUNttEERS AND GUERILLA WARFARE IN SERBIA AND RUSSiA

DURING THE FIRST WORLDヽⅣAR

Tropfe ByptthTEHEPM A. M. 3AJOHT{KOBCKH, EhOTPAOVJA t KOMAHAOBAT-bE

cPncKHM AOsPOBO/bq]4MA y AOEPyU14Dorde Duri6GENERAL A. M. ZAYONCHKOVSKI, BIOGRAPHY AND COMMANDOF SERBIAN VOLUNTEERS IN DOBRUJA

Hropu Hrxonaearr lpe6enxnxn PEACTAB VTE/|V OO 14 UE PCTBA BO ffiAB E AO 6 pO BOn bq ECKO 1z

KAMnAHnn tgfi r. B POCCHT4

l4rop Hrxonajeauu [pe6eHKHHnPEACTABHI4|IA OOHqI4PCKOr KOPA KAO BO6E AOEPOBO/bAI{KEKAMNAFbE Y PYC.4J14 T9L7

llpeApar M. BajaruhcP6Vl U3 ilEA:A|-bEHHX AMEPHqKl4X APIKABA - AOEPOBO/bqHY BENhKOM PAryPredrag M. VajagidSERBS FROM UNITED STATES - VOLUNTEERS IN THE GREAT WAR

Epaxxo Momq[noehh3ASOPAB/bEHA XEPOIAHABENNKOT PATA - TRA MEJEEN ChHMEP CTOEAPT

Branko Momiilovi6FORGOTTEN HEROINE OF THE GREAT WAR - MABEL SINCLAIR STOBART

219

245

267

曜

鮨【亀り蟄■■■■■Ｆヒ■■■■■■■■■■■■■田Ｈ＝旧ＦトｌｈＦ

ＩＩｌｌレＬ■■■■■■■■■■■

279 MИЛaH「 vJIИhЛyJO ЛOBPИ■КAO CИ MБOЛ CTPAAAhA ДOБPOBOttAЦAy BEЛ ИКOM PAIVMi:an Cu:に

LUJO LOVRIC AS A SYMBOL OF SUFFERING OF VOLUNTEERS

IN THE GREAT WAR

Д05POBOJbAЧ КO口ИTAbE HAКOH PATAVOLUNTEER ISSUE AFttER THEヽⅣAR

307 cЛ 06oДaH 5ieЛИLla

BOJBOЪAHCKИ PAAИ КAЛИ И″Д05POBOttAЧ КO日ИTA「bE″

y KPAJbEBИ HИ CXC

S:obodan Bie‖ Ca

THE RADICALS FROM VOJVODINA AND THE″ VOLUNTEER QUEST10N″

IN THE KINGDOM OF SERBS′ CROATS AND SLOVENES

321 A:berto Bechere‖ :

WAR AFTER THE WARoTHE ROLE OF CZECHOSLOVAK LEG10NARIESIN NEW EUROPEAЛ6ep70 5eК epeЛИ

PAT HAKOH PATA.yЛ O「A ЧEXOC月 OBAЧ КИX ЛE「ИOHAPA y HOBOJ EBPOnИ

347 5ИttaHa CToiИ h

ДOБ POBOttAЧ КИ「ЛACHИ K(1928-1941)-3ACWΠ HИ K ΠPABAД05POBOttAЦA И3 BEЛИКO「 PATABittana stOiに

DOBROVO日 ACKI GLASNIK AS A PROPONEN丁 OFttHE GREAT WARVOLUNTEER′ S RIGHTS(1928-1941)

373 MИ ЛaH MИЦИh

″Дy「A MOБ ИЛHOCT″ Д05POBOttAЦ A CPΠCKE BOJCК E

И3Π PBO「 CBETCKO「 PATA{1914-1945)

Mi:an Miciこ

LONGLASTING MOBILITY OF SERBIAN VOLUNttEERS(1914-1945)

ИCTOPИ O「PAΦИJA И КyЛIVPA CEヽAbAHISttOR10GRAPHY AND REMEMBRANCE CULttURE

391 Dennis WerbergWAR VOLUNTEERSIN THE WAR COMMEMORAT10N OF THE STAHLHELM― BUNDDER FRONTSOLDATEN INヽ ⅣEIMAR GERMANY AND THEttHIRD REICH 1918-1935

ДeHИC Bep6epr

ДOБPOBOttЦИ y PATHИ ЧКИM T)、ИЦИJAMA″ЧttИЧHO「 ШЛEMA′′―CABE3A

PAttHИX BETEPAHA y BAJMAPCК OJ HEMAЧКOJ И TPE■ EM PAIXy 1918-1935

CHeЖ aHa PaД oeBaБy「APCК И ДOБ POBOttЦИ y ΠPBOM CBETCKOM PAIVHA CTPAHИ ЦAMA ЧACOΠИCA′′OTEЧ ECTBO″

Snezhana Radoeva

BULGARIAN VOLUNTEERS DURING THE ⅥハⅣI

ON THE PAGES OFttHE OTECHESTVO R/1AGAZINE

41l AЛ eКcaHД pa КoЛ aКoBИh

ДOБPOBOttЦ И ttPBO「 CBETCKO「 PATA И КyЛTyPA CEЪ AttA

427

A!eksandra Ko!akoviC

VOLUNTEERS OFttHE FIRS丁 VヽORLDヽⅣAR AND CULTURE OF REMEMBRANCE

5o,aH ЪOКИh′ MИЛoШ M.Д aMiaHoBИ hAKЦИJA 3A OCHИ BA比)E ДOБPOBOttAЧ КO「 My3EJA И APXИ BABOian 00k:C′ Mi:oこ M.DamianOViCACT10N FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE VOLUNTEERS′ MUSEUM ANDARCHIVE

MapИiaHa MpaoBИ h

〃APXИ BCKA「 PAЪ A BOJHO「 APXИ BA O Д05POBOttЦИMA ИДOБPOBOJbAЧ КOM ΠOК PEW y ΠPBOM cBETCК OM PAW″MarUana MraoviC

ARHiVAL RECORDS OF THE MILI丁 ARY ARCHIVE ABOUT VOLUNTEERS AND丁HE VOLUNTEER MOVEMEN丁 IN THE FIRSTヽⅣORLDヽⅣAR

ΠPEД「 OBOp

Croro4rulbl,tL{a flpsor cBercxor para npeAcraB ma jy6unej cBercKoraHavaja. Par xao cnoxeHa ApyrurBeHoncroprjcxa nojaaa orBapa MHoranHraFba Ha xoja je rcropraorpaQarj a Aana oAroBop caMo AenuMVqHo nnu cejou yeex Hana3u y npol{ecy rparaFba sa o6jalrl}beFbhMa }bhxoBHX y3poKa,TOKOBa U nocneAhLla. JerqHo oA TaKBhX nhraFba jecre n nhraFbe4o6poeo/baurBa y BennxoM pary xoje xao nojaaa xrje ocrano orpaHhqeHoua je4uy Haqnjy nnu Ap>+(aBHy rephropnjy eeh je nocraao onurrehcroprjcxnQeHomeH. .Qo6poeo/br-u4 cy npeAcraBhann unn nn\a xoja Hncy uManaApH{aBrbaHcrBo 3eM/be sa xojy cy ce 6opunu, na caMHM TuM HV'6v HU MOf nn6ntu nphnaAHhl{r4 FbeHhx opyxaHhx cHara, nnu rpafaHe xojra cy 6unuranalu nnn crapujn op, roAhulra xoja cy eaxehhl 3aKoHcKhM peueFbhMa6nna o6yxeaheHa onuJTonn eojHonn o6aee3oM. Kao ,qo6poBo/bt-lt4 racrynajyyrnaBHoM nphna.qHhqh Hcror HapoAa unn HapoAa cpoAHl4X AehTHCXOAHapoAy ApxaBe aa urjy crpaHy y pary cy ce onpeAen. nn, annje nnefy FbrMa6uno n nAeanncra xojnnna Hal[hoHanHa nphnaAHocr Hrje npeAcraB tbanaufaBHH Morl,tBaquoH.u Qaxrop. ,Qo6poeo/E,\tA cy aofenr HaL{HoHanHnM,BepcKHM, no/tHTl4rtKVM, nAeo,nouKl4M vl ApyruM pa3no3HMa Crynanh y peAoBeeojcxe og,pefeHe ApH{aBe Aa 6n ce uz6opun4 3a ocrBapeFbe saje.qHrvxor\urba - ocno6of erua n yjegnrcelba.

y s6opxraxy cy o6jaerueHa hcrpax{hBarba 27 Hcropl4qapa n3vtannje, Eyrapcxe, Pyoaje, PynnyHuje, flolucxe, cnoeeHrje, Mafapcxe,Heruaqxe n Cp6raje. gnaHqn cy noAe/beHh y ner reMarcKr4x qennHa(Qo6poeorcoqKo numohe u HaquoHanHu noKpemu, ,Qo1poeomLlu y poffiy,lluquocmu u dpywmeeHe zpyne, flofipoeomaqKo numarbe HoKoH pamd uhcmopuozpaQuja u Kynmypa ceharco). l-pynrcaFbeM paAoBa y rhM qenrHaMaxacrojanu cMo Aa hcrpax{hBaqKr noxprajeruo xajsxavajHraje reMe xoje ceoAHoce xa 4o6poBo/baqKo nhralbe y flpeonn cBercKoM pary, nocneparHoMnepuoAy 14 Kynrypy ceharua na 4o6poBo/baqKe noKpere. V npeoj rennarcxojqenn{n o6jaerueHu cv paryoen xojr ce o.q,Hoce Ha 4o6poao/baqKe noKperexogl4tanajaHa n floruaxa, yveuhe CnoaeFtaqa Kao 4o6poeo/baqa y cpncxojeojcqr re 4o6poeo/bauJrBo y 6yrapcxoj, pycxoj vl pynnyHcxoj eojcqra.n{o6poao/baulTBy y cpncxoj eojcqra h parHHM r4cKycrBnMa r43 r.bnxoBor yveu:hay 6op6arvra y HcroM nepuoAy noceeheH v1 cy paAoBr4 y Apyroj rennarcxojqenLrHh a6opuuxa. Ty cy 3acrynrbeHr qnaHqu xojn o6pafyjy yveuhe pycKt4x

4o6poeo/baqa y cpncxoj eojcr-$a roKoM Beanxor para, ynorpe6y

――――――――――――ｌｌｌｌｌｌｌｌｌロロロローーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■

5oЖИЦa MЛ AДEHOBИЪ′MИЛИh J.MИЛИ■EBИЪ

Boiica MIADENOUC, Milid J. MtLfCEVtc

VOTUNTEERS IN THE TOPTICA UPRISING

Summary

The Toplica uprising broke out in occupied Serbia during the Great War. Atthat time, the serbian army was positioned on the southern Front, after thewithdrawal through Montenegro and Albania. Many insurgents belonged tothe category of volunteers. These men, through their o*n .ormitment,joined the guerrilla formations. They had no legal obligations and were underno duress to participate in the battles conduct"o in late February and in March1917. The vof unteers were men too young for recruitment, order men,women, children. They were mostly people fiving in the areas affected byconflicts triggered by the uprising, but there were also newcomers from otherparts of the Kingdom of serbia. Besides serbs, Russians were also volunteers,as well as one Bulgarian soldier (Mile Mafev).

Keywords: Toprica Uprising Great war, !g!T,vof unteers.

yД K:355.087.2{497.11)″1914/1918″ :272/273

MИ`baH MИ ЛКИЪ

CTBAPAttDE MyЛ TИКOHΦ ECИ OHAЛ HE BOJCК E.

Д05POBOttЦИ PИ MOКATOЛИЦИ И口POTECTAHTИy cPncКoJ BoJCЦИ HA COЛ yHCКOM ΦPOHTy

Ancmpaxm: Y vnaxxy ce aHa/rr3rpa npoqec perynhcaba BepcKHx npaBa 4o6po-Bo/baqa phMoxaronh'{Ke u nporecraHTcKe Bepoucnoeecrr xojn cy roxoM flpaorcBercKor para Aona3unnV cpncKy eojcxy. flope4 qulbeHhqe ga je perynhcabe Bepcxe

cayx6e yrnqano xa 6op6exh Mopan eojxrxa, Ha Conyxcxorrn Qponry cy ruefyHar-p,ro-

Ha/f HH oAHoo,r nphnaAHnKa cpncKe sojcxe go6unn nonhrn'{Ky grarueHsrajy n yrn\anucy Ha npoqec crBapalba aaje4xn,rxe jyxxocaoBeHcKe AplKaBe. 36or rora je cpncxaBpxoaxa KoMaHAa nacrojana Aa BepcKe norpe6e 4o6poeoruaqa phMoKaronnKa v1

nporecraHara perynuue y cKnaAy ca HoBoHacra/rHM nprnxxaMa. t{naHax je nrcaH Ha

ocHoByAoKyMeHara ra Bojnor apxhBa y Eeorpagy, o6jaeruexxx HopMarhBHr,rx nponhca

h nxreparype.Kmyune pequi cpncKa aojcxa, BepcKa cnyx6a, aojxra cBeulreHhqn, go6poeomqu,

phMoKaronhqh, nporecraHTh, Coayncxn QpoHr, Jyrocaasrja.

3axoxcxo perynrcabe npaBa Ha HcnoBeAalbe ceoje Bepe, Kao v1

ocrBapHBalbe npaBa Ha noce6ny racxpaHy y cKnaAy ca BepcKhM nponhchMa,14HcrhryLlnonannsoBaHo je y cpncxoj eojcqh AoHourelbeM Bojnoe eoxoua t2.xoseru6pa 1839. rognne.l Toxoru Hape4Hilx roAHHa, BepcKe norpe6enphna4HrKa cpncxe eojcxe 6une cy perynrcaHe ycaajarueM pa3nhqvrvlx3aKoHa n ypeg6u, a A,era/bHo cy 6nne o6jaurroeHe y l|paeunuma cnyxc6eeojcxe Kparueerue Cp6uje. Bepcxe norpe6e nphnaAHhKa npaBoc/raBHe

BepohcnoBecrh 6nne cy perynncaHe y cBr4M cerMeHTrrvra. C o6srponn Ha ro Aaje Cpncxa LlpKBa rMana craryc ApxaBHe qpxBe, cBe AplKaBHe qepervronnje

o4eujane cy ce y3 oAroBapajyhN npaBoc/raeur o6pe4, y eojcr-1h cy nocrojanu

1 M. Mnlxuh, CnequQu,lHocmu eepcKoz xc.taomo y eojctqu Kuetxeeuue-Kparceeuue Cp6uie,

Bojxo geno 1 (2003) 158-184.

192193

MrruaH Ml4/lKl4h

npaBocnaBHh BojHh cBeujreHnqvl, a BojHa hHreHAarypa je o6ea6ef neanaxpaHy y cKnarqy ca BepcKnM nponilcnMa.2 V MnxrcrapcrBy BojHoM nocrojaoje peSepeHr3a BepohcnoBeAHe noc.noBe xojra je 6uonaprnelxaH 3a peuaBalbecBl4x BepcKHx nntarua.3 Bepcxa crpyKrypa craHoBHrxa KparueBHHe Cp6raje, yxojoj cy nopeA nphnaAHrKa aehnxcxe npaBocnagHe Bepe, >NnBenn ncraHosH14qn Apvfnx BepoHcnoBecrh, yrHqana je xa ro Aa ce y cpncxoj eojcqraperynhue H craryc BepcKvtx MalbhHa.a vcraeua og,pe46a nBeMa xojoj Hrje4aHcraHoBHl4x KparueBhHe Cp6uje g6or BepcKhx pa3nora nraje Morao 6ntnocno6ofen eojxe o6aeeee, o6aeegneana je npHnaAHHKe cBhx BepohcnoBecrylxa eojny cnyx6y.s Ha ocxoey nonuca rag 1910. roAhHe y Kparuee nnn cplnjn6uno je 14.335 rpafaHa hclraMcxe BepolrcnoBecru (O,S%1, p4MoKaro/14q1e8.435 (0,28%1, jeepejcxe s.997 (o,z%l n nporecraHrcKe 79g (o,o2s%1.6Bojxr,rr4rnna jeepejcKe BepohcnoBecrh xojra cnyxe y cranHoM KaApy 6nno jeomoryheHo Aa 3a BpeMe ceojrx npa3Hr4Ka OMa3e xyhama, a yKonHK o 6nocrann y KacapHaMa, 6nnn cy ocao6of exr oA AyIKHOCTh rA ynyhrae a{n y6oromorue.T Kaxo 6n 6unn 6nuxe ceojNnn BepcKhM o6jexrrarvra, perpyr1hcnaMcKe BepohcnoBecru ynyhraeann cy y KoMaHAe HnuKor r 6eorpaAcKorrapHvr3oHa, rAe cy nerKoM u y BpeMe ceojux npa3Hnxa ocno6afaHra eojxecayx6e ra ynyhraea*u Y qannraje.8 Bojnravxa KyxHFba 6nnaje peryaracaHa ycKna4y ca cneqh$ruuocrrnna jeepejcxe n ucnaMcxe aepe.e

flpaea h BepcKe norpe6e pHMoKaronHKa y cpncxoj aojcr-1ra Hhcy 6unaperynHcaHa cBe Ao noqerxa flpeor cBercKor para. To ce Moxe o6jacnmn

2 M. Mnnxnh, flpxcaeHu u eepcKu nposHurlu y eojctqu Kuenceeuue u Kpaneeune Cp6uje,Bojxoncropujcxn rnacx ux L-Z (2007) 7 -ZO.

3 vxagoru Kpa/ba llerpa o4 25. janyapa L905. aa peQepeHra 3a BepolrcnoBe4xe o6pe4enocraB.beH je eojxr npora npBe Knace 34paaxo flayxoer,rh. Ox je xa roj 4yxnocrlr ocrao Ao2' oxro6pa L9L7. KaAa ra je aannexro nporojepej /by6orvrup Muaerrh. Mrurueroepe$epexra 6uno ie npecyAHo npunulow nocraB/berba l,r npoMeHe pacnope4a eojxraxcBeureHhKa. M. Mnaxrh, Bepcxo cnytr1a y cpncxoj eojctqu y ttpeon ceemcKoM pafry,Me4rja qeHrap,,Og6pala,,, Eeorpa4 ZOL6, 3SZ-354.

aY llpaeunuua cnyx6esaje4xrvxr Ha3[B 3a cBe nplnaAHhKe cpncKe eojcxe xojn nnol 6unn_npaBocraBHe BepohcnoBecrh 6rao je uHoeepqu.s o perpyrHMa HcllaMcxe n jeepejcxe BepoucnoBecrr: M. Mnat,lheahh, peepymnu cocmoeeoicxe cpduie 7883-1912. cucmen no3ueo u HeKu r,ezoeu dpywmeenu acneKm.t,Bojnoncropujcxn raacxrax 1 (2016) 23-24.6 P' 'fbyurnh, l4cmopuja cpncxe dpxaenocmu, Nl*lwa il, cAHy, ,,6ecega,,,.{pyurreoucropH'{apa Jyxxo6avxor u cpemcxor oxpyra, HoBr,r ca4 2001, 35.

7 M. Mnaxnh, Bepcxo cnyx6a y cpncxoj eojctq,u y lTpaom ceemcKoM pomy, Me4nja qeHTap,,Og6pata", Eeorpa4 ZOt6, L7g.

8l4cmo,L7V[7L.e M' Mrnxuh, CnequQuqHocmu eepcKoe xcueomo y eoictqu Knexeeuue-Kpameeuue Cp6uje,168-184.

794

Crsaparoe mynrnxoHQecnoHanHe eojcxe.

,Qo6poeon'Llr phMoxaronn\A h nporecraHru y cpncKoj aojcr4ra na Coayxcxorvr Qpoxry

qrFbeHHqoM Aa 6poj prarvroKarorntrKor craHoBHt4tllrBa y KparueBnHn Cp6nin

anje 6no Be/thKr4 v1 Aa je rex HaKoH 6anxaHcxhx paroBa Harno noeehaH Ha

oxo 20.000, xa,qa cy Cp6rajN npnnojexe o6nacru xoje cy y UpKBeHo-aAMAHV-

crparhBHoM norne gy 6nne noA jyprac4raxr-lrajoru Cxoncxe Ha46rcxynrje.10 C

o6arpom Ha To Aa je Cxoncxa Ha46ncxynraja 6nna noA 3auJrl4roM

AycrpoyrapcKe, aycrpoyrapcxa AhnnoMarraja je eeh y noeem6py 1912.

no4cerrna cpncKy Bna.qy Ha oBaj nporeKTopar.ll Moryhe no/ll4Tl4qKe

nMrutuKaqhje nonoxaja phMoKarolhxa u norpe6a Aa ce oHemoryhr

aycrpoyrapcKt4 yrrqaj, AoBene cy Ao rora Aa Bnaqa Kparueerne Cp6rje y

.qerlervr6py t9t2. roAhHe AoHece ogyKy o cKnanaFby KoHKopAara ca

BarnxaHom.l2 flperoeopt4 xojra cy eo?1enr roKoM 19L3. n t9t4. roAHHe,

AoBenh cy Ao cK/tanalba KoHxopp,ara 24. iyaa t9L4. ro4nHe. Cpncxa

cKynurhHa parraQnKoBana je yroeop 8. aarycra, AoK Barnxan ro nrje yqhHho,

HaBOAHO g6Or parHor graFba.13

floqerax flpsor csercKor para AoBeo je Ao norpe6e perynracaFba nonoxaja

puMoxaronvlta y cpncKoj eojcqh. Cpncxa BnaAa je Hacrojana Aa y peAoBe

cpncKe eojcxe yK/byr{H turo Bt4ule hce/beH nta vr parHhx aapo6rueHHKa xojnma

je rageja jyrocnoeeHcrBa 6una 6nncxa. Ca ruru 3aAarKoM 6unu cy nocnarh

pasnurrnTt eMrcaph raa rpafaHcTBa, eojcxe A qpKBe. Ha nphKyrubalby

Ao6poBorbaqa ra o6eg6ef raearuy marepuja nHux cpeAcraBa nyHo je ypa4no

Mrxajno flynNx.la V cpncxy eojcxy 4o6poeo/bHo cy ce npujaerunBatu v1

aapo6rueHu\n. OA xpaja oxro6pa 4o xpaja L9L . roAhHe y Cp6nin ie 452

sapo6rueHhKa rr;pasnno )Ke/by Aa crynr y cpncKy eojcxy.ls l-lpera

Ao6poBo/baqKH 6araruoH Qoprvrrapan je y janyapy 1915. roAnHe, 4ox je y Majy

oQoprvrruen flpyrra 6araruoH, 3arhM Tpehra 6araruox, a noqerKoM oKro6pa nLleraprr. V rurma je 6rano yKynHo 3.500 4o6poao/baqa. flpncryna]beM

Ao6poBo/baqa, xoje je noce6no nprBrtaqnna HAeja crBapaFba aaje,qnnqKe

ApxaBe, noeehaH je 6poj npHnaAHHKa cpncxe aojcxe puMoKaro/lfiqKe n

10 M. Jaro,quh, Hoeu xpojeeu Cpfluje (1912-1915), Qunozo$cxr $axyarer Vunaep3l4rera y

Eeorpa4y, Seorpa4 20L3, 510-514. Z. M. Jovanovii, Beogradska nodbiskupiia i nieno

okruienje u vremenu i prostoru, Beogradska nadbiskupija, Beograd 2Ot4, L08, 109.11 Bojnn apxue, flonrcHux 2, xyrnia 86, Qacqrxna 4, 4oxytvtent 43/L.12 M. JaroAuh, Hoeu xpojeeu Cp1uje (7912-1915), 5t3. D. R. Zivojinovid, Votikon, Srbija i

sfitaranje jugoslovenske driave 7974-7920, Nolit, Beograd 1980, L3-47.t3 3oxou o xouxopdamy uanefy Cp1uje u Ceeme Cmonuqe y Pumy, Cpncxe HoBt4He (3/L6.

cenrem6ap L9L4l L.1a M. fpurah, P. fbaro, O uot4uononnou pody Muxojna l\ynuuo,l-nacHrx Cpncxor reorpa0ckor

ApyrurBa, rorvr LXXXIV,2 (2004) 7L-82.1s A. Mnrpoanh, Cp6uja y l1peom ceemcKoM pomy, Cpncxa KbnxeBHa 3aApyra, Seorpag

1984,135.

195

Mnnax M14/lKhn

nporecraHrcKe BepoHcnoBecrh. v 4eqeru6py t91.4. roAhHe Meby Ao6po-Bo/bl-lhMa 6uno je 26 Xpeara, HeKo/u4Ko nphnaAHHKa ocra.nhx c/toBeHcKhxHapoAa, AoK cy aehrxy v,nHnnr cp6n.16 cpncxa BnaAa je 11. Qe6pyapa 191G.oApeAhna oQrar4rape 3a npey gnenzujy cpncKe ,qo6poeo/baqKe eojcxe yPycniu.rT flo npo6oja CoayHcxor Spoxra n3 Ceaepne r JyxHe Amepnxe crurnoje oxo 7.000 ,qo6poeolballa, na o.qece je nocnaro 1.L85, a raa MypmaHcxanpeKo <DpaHqycKe cruffia je l'lpea jyrocroeeHcKa 6puraga.18 flope4 rHnnqHoaojnnx nrraFba xoje je rpe6aao perynhcarh, Kao uro cy o6yxa, npuna-rofaaarue ycnoBnMa paroBalba n Anc.lunn.AHu cpncxe eojcxe, Aona3aK4o6poao/baqa HMao je ra ceojy nonnrwrKy AnMenaujy.le HaqennnK cpncKeBpxoeHe KoMaH.qe reHepan flerap Sojoerah npego)t(rao je MhHt4crpy eojxonn19. aerycta t9L7. 4a 6w 6uno KophcHo A,a ce jyrocnoeeHcxn 4o6poeo/bqh yje,4nurqaMa il3Meurajy ca cpncKrrvr eojxraqvlwa, ,,pdAA lnnxer yno3HaBahbav1 yHvlwrelba npoauxqnjcxvlx n cenaparHcil4qKrx |y.flejl".zo v cxna4y caAOroBopoM 143Mefy cpncxe Bpxoeue KoMaHAe u JyrocnoBeHcKor o46opa,Bap4apcKa AnBu3raja je noqerKoM 1918. npehMeHoBaHa y JyrocnoBeHcKypuanznjy.2l JyrocnoBeHcKa +ueuzuja, Kojy cy caqhlbaBane l-lpea jyrocao-BeHcKa 6pnra4a (L. n 2. 4o6poeo tbaetn nyx) n fl paa Ba pAa pcK a 6pura4a (2!.n 22. neua,qrjcxn nyx), yuJra je y cacras .Q,pyre aprvrnje.

VIg19L4. roiqhHe nornqe nape46a nornaBapa Cpncxe qpKBe Murpono nurafrunwpuja npena xojoj je y cny.rajy crvrprr aojnn Ka nnu sapo6rueHhKaphMoKaronhqKe Bepe, a y HeAocraTKy pt4MoKaronhqKor cBeuJTeHHKa, one.4oMorao Aa h3Bptuh npaBoc.naBHvr cBe[lTeHnK, ant y3 nouJToBa]be noce6Hor6orocnyx6enor noperKa xojra je 6rao nper4n3upaHy HaBeAenoj nape46u.2z o

16 A. Mrrpoanh yxasyje Ha ro Aa raAaulby repMnHono rujy zao4pef r,rsarce HaqhoHa.[Hocn4He rpe6a 6esycnoexo nphxBaratu, jepje repmrn ,,Cp6vt+" 6no npnenaqaH MH9THM nphna-AHhr-lhMa c.noBeHcKhx HapoAa xoju cy rajunujyrocaoeexcxo y6ef er+e. Hcmo, t3o-L37.u V. Joeauoerh, C. Pajxoauh, Beruxo Pra6ap, Jyzocnoeeucxu doflpoeoho.lKu Kopnyc y pycuju.llpunoe ucmopuju do6poeomaqKoe noKpemo (L914-191gl, Eeorpa g L954,19. Mrar4rh,Mnnau, Cpncxo do6poeomaLrKo numot$e y Benuxout pomy (1914-1918), Eanarcxr KynrypHhqeHTap, PTC, Hoeo Mhaoujeeo-Eeorpa4 ZOLA,g7.

18 Bn4etn: Jyeocnoeeucxu do1poeolbL1tt, npr4peAho H. flonoer4h, 6eorpa4 1gg0, 234,6.Xpa6ax, cxynnorce Jyeocnoeeucxux do1poeohaqa y ceeepnoj Amepu4u 1914-1916,Vctopnicxu a6opxrax Vll (Earoa /lyxa 1986) L67. E.Xpa6ax, flo1poeomauxu norp"^ y JyxnojAnepuqu 1914-7918. eoduue, Parxo 4o6poeoruaulrBo Ha cpncKhM erHhr{Kr4M npocroprMa,ypeAHhr.lr4: H. fleuluh, fl. flaeaosrah, 6eorpa4 2004,235.

1e M. Mrqnh, cpncxo do6poeono.tKo numo*e y BenuxoM pamy lg74-rglg, Lgg-207.2a l4cmo, L99.2L Hcmo,2O4.22 Taqax AaryM AoHouerba xape46e, Kao H FbeH caAp)r{aj nracy HaM no3Harn. Hape46a xrajeo6jaeruena, a noxyu.lajh Aa ce oxa npoxaf e y Bojxorvr apxuBy ra Apxrey Cpncxe npaBocnaBHe

L96

Craa parue rvrynrr xoxQechoHa/l He aojcxe.

lo6poaoruqu phMoxaronn ln h nporecraHrH y cpncKoj eojcr4ra Ha Conyucxorvr Qpoury

nouroBalby npaBa phMoKaronhqKhx BepHHKa roKoM Lgt4. vt 191-5. roArHe

oA srpaHe cpncKhx eojHrx Bnacrvl roBope H rcKycrBa ,qeojrar4e aycrpoyrapcKhx

eojHnx cBeuJreHHKa, Ap Anrona Jexapra n Qpa fa6pa l-[enraHoenha, xojra cy

6unn cpncKh parHH 3apo6/beHnqr.23 O6ojraqa cy aapo6/beH14 y Aerlervr6py

L9L4. h y cpncxoM 3apo6ruexrurBy cy ocrann cBe AoK y Banoun HHcy

npeAarq urannjaucxoj eojcqr,r. Jexapr je roxoru ceojux aapo6rueHHqKnx AaHa

hMao cBe ycnoBe 3a HecMeTaHo BpuJelbe BepcKl4x o6pe4a, a oA cpncKhx

eojnnx B.nacrh 4o6rajao je cee urro je norpe6Ho, yK/byqyjyhr nrryprnjcxoBHH9, 6ecxeacHh xne6 h cBero y/be. l-a6po [arrauoarh je y cBoM AHeBHhKy

3anrcao Aa je ToKoM cBor 6opaaxa y Barueey V HttLtty nphMerho Aa

sapo6rueHnqu Hhcy HHrAe ro/lqKo cno6o4e Y>+<nBanv Kao y Cp6uin.

Cpncxn hHrenexrYan\n, nonyr Joeaxa lierajraha, JoeaHa Pa4oHrha,

Anexca x4pa Een rha, Cno6o.qa Ha Joea Hogt4ha, /by6e Croja noerha, H n xoaaja

BennruupoBhha, paryunn cy y Hraruy t9!4. roAHHe na Qopruynhcalby cpncxhx

HaqhoHa.nHrx l4Hrepeca.2a Cpncxa BnaAa je y Hraurxoj AeKnapa\niv 7.

4er-1ervr6p a t9L4. HgjeAHaq una og6paHy KparueBnHe Cp6rje ca crBapaFbeM

jyrocnoaeHcKe AplxaBe. Cpncxr rHTe/reKryanqn HacraBunh cy y ra6ernrurey

Aa y caBe3Hht{KhM 3eM/baMa sacrynajy cpncKe paTHe qhlbeBe r hAejy

crBa pa 16a jyrocnoae HcKe 4pxa ee.2s fl orn ncn Ba FbeM KpQcxe rqe Kn a pa Ll nie 20.

jyna 1917. ca npeAcTaBHhl-lrMa JyrocnoaeHcKor o,q6opa hcraKHyro je ,qa cy

Cp6u, Xpearu H Cnoeenqra je4aH ncrvt, rpolrMeHh HapoA t{hMe je u ua

nonhTuqKoM HhBoy HacTaB/bena 6op6a 3a ocno6oferue r yje,qnruelbe.

Ca nprcrq3albeM eeher 6poja 4o6poeo/baqa prMoKaronnqKe Bepohcno-

BecTh T9KOM LgL7. roAhHe, nojaeuna ce norpe6a hHcThTyl-lHoHa/lHor

peulaBalba FbqxoBux npaBa, anu n o6aeega. Ceaxaxo, Hajaaxnnja o6aeeaa sa

HoBonphAoune nphnaAHhKe cpncxe eojcxe 6nna je nonaralbe 3aKnerBe.

llonararue 3aK/lerBe 4o6poeo/baqa 6unoje jeAHo oA BaxHnx nHralbe xoje je

rpe6ano perynHcarn y t4Hrepecy npaBHnHor Qyxxr4noHhcatca cpncKe aojcxe.

IlpaaunoM cnprcfie As 1913. roAhHe 6rao je o4pefeH HaqnH no.naraFba

3aKneTBe h npeABra?1eno aHralKoBarue eojHHX cBeureHhKa oAroBapajyhe

BepohcnoBecTr. 3a paaanKy oA npaBgcnaBHLiX, nphnaAHhl-lh cpncxe eojcxe

Apyrhx BepohcnoBecrrl Ht4cy nonarann 3aK/lerBy HcnpeA oceeheHe 3acraBe,

eeh xa 3HaMelbhna ceoje pennrraje - MycnhMaHh Ha Kyp'aHy, a perpyrn

qpKBe 6unn cy 6eaycneuxra.,,Qeo xape46e qnrupaH je y peSepary pe$epeura 3a Bepohcno-

BeAHe nocloBe ynyhexor MHHHcrpy eojHon 20. aerycra 191'8. BA, n 3, 321,9,5/LOL23 M. Mrrxuh, Bepcxa myxc6a y cpncxoj eojctlu y flpeor'a ceemcKoM PoffiY,185-186.za M. Exmequh, Pomxu Auhelu Cp6uje 1974-1918, lloartnxa, 6eorpa4 L992,33'2s Lj. Trgovievii, Nauenici Srbije i stvaranje Jugoslavije 1914-1921, Narodna knjiga, Srpska

knjiievna zadruga, Beograd 1986.

197

Muruan Ml4/lKhtr

jeapejcxe BepohcnoBecrr Ha TanMyAy.26 Texcr 3aK/rerBe 6no je ncr1 saperpyre cBHX Bepohcno Becrn.27

Mnxrcrap eojHra je peureroeM oA 27. Hoeervr6pa 1916. ro4hHe HapeAhorqa cBn o6eeanuqn xojn ce npnxyne, a xojra paHnje nncy cnyn<nnn y cpncxojeojcr4r rpe6a Aa nonoxe 3axnersy.28 oeo ce nrje oAHocnno Ha eojxeo6eegFrnxe xoju ce npoHaby Ha ocno6ofexoj reprtopnjn, a xojn cy paxr.rjecnyr+<unu y eojcqu. Tpe6ano je 4a HaKOH ,r3BpUeHOr neKapc1or nperneAa6ygy ynyhenra y ceoje KoMaHAe H raMo nocraB/beHn Ha cnyx6y Ha xojoj cy ra

paHrje 6nnn. v eeah ca oBHM, HaqenHnx ura6a Bpxoexe KoMaHAe HapeAhoje Aa KoMaHAa Errorucxe AnBnsrajcxe o6nactw noAHece rqeceroAHeBHLirsaeuraj o pe3ynrary parqa perpyrHe xomucnje (xoarxo je ras xoje onulruHenplrKyubeHo o6ee3HhKa, KOrl4KO je OA rbHX npBh nrr perppoBaHg, KO4HKOje oxrx xojr,r cy paxraje cny>xunn y eojcqr,r h ro oABojeno no je4r,rHrqaMaxojrma cy npuna +annl. Haqenurx ura6a je raxofe HapeAho 4a o6eea Huquxojn ce npBr nyr perpyryjy, npe Hero ulro ce ynyre y jeunnuqe npeMapa3pe3y, no.noxe 3aKnerBy npeMa o.qpe46a na 3axoua o ycmpojcmey eojcxeu llpaeuna cnyxcde t g,eo, KoA qere EararuoHa cp6a 4o6poeo/baqa, xo4 xojece nphKynruajy. Cnucxoee 3aK.nerhx aojHraxa qyBana je xoruaH4a 6nroncxegnenzujcxe o6lacrn.

floaararue 3aK/rerBe Ha coayHcxorvr $ponry 3a perpyre r 4o6poBo/bq,ehclraMcKe r jeepejcxe BepoHcnoBecru o4erjaao ce y cKna.qy ca paxrajeyceojeHraM nponHcvlMa. Ha ocxoey noAaraxa xoje je Ao 24. jyna 1916. roAhHenphKynho Haqe.nHux AfyraHTcKor oAe/beFba ura6a Bpxoene KoMaHAe, yFf peoj apnniu 6nnoje yxynxo 12 jeepejcxe r 18 ucnanncKe BepoucnoBecrh, yApyroj apnuju 4aa jeepejcxe ra je4aH hcnaMcKe, y Tpehoj apnaraj n 6nno jeceAaM jeapejcxe BepoucnoBecrr - y*ynHo 21 jeepejcxe h 19 ncnanncxeBepoHcnoBectr.2s Ha ocHoay xapeferba Har{e/rHHKa urra6a BpxoeHe KoMaHAereHepana nerpa Eojoer,rha o424.jyna, 3aK/rerBa oBrx eojnrxa nsepuena je

26 M. Mt'rrxuh, Bepcxo cnyx6o y cpncxoj eojctqu y flpeou caemcKoM pofry,1go-19g. o3aK/lerBh y cpncxoj eojcqu Bh.qeru: P. J. flonoenh, BojuuvKo aaKnemea y Cp6uju y XIX uno'lemKoM xx eexa- rlpaenu oKeup, Bojxoncroprjcxr macxux 1 (2011) 3r-44.27 Texcr 3aK'erBe rnacnoje: ,,Ja (nrvre r npeanrvre) 3axnrrbeM ce 6orom ceemoryhrnn, 4a hyBpxoeHom 3anoBeAHllKy cBe 3eMarbcKe opyx(aHe cune Kpaary cp6uje flerpy f-lpaona cBarAa Hy cBhMa nphnhKaMa 6urr eepau, cBoM AyuoM oAaH H nocryuaH; Aa hy ranoeecru canjynpernocraB/beH'lx Mt4 crapeuuHa cnyuarH h BepHo l43BpuaBarn, 4ahy Kparua ra orar;6raHyjyHauxu 6pauntu, u aojxrtrxy 3acraBy HHrAe xehy uaxeaept4Tl4. Taxo nar 6or nor,aorao!,, V Be3uca noraraFbeM 3aMerBe nphnaAH,lKa HcnaMcxe n jeepejcKe BepoHcnoBecrH y llpoeunuutacnyxc6e 6nno ie npel{x3hpaHo Aa ce reKcr 3ax.nerBe H3roBapa Ha cpnc*oM jearaxy.tt BA, n 3,23t,2, 6/2.

t, BA, n3,246,5, Lz/L.

198

Craa pa rue mylrr xox$echoHa.n He eojcxe.

.Qo6poaoruqh phMoKaronHLlh lr nporecraHTn y cpncKoj sojcqra xa Coryxcxorvr Spoxry

28. jyxa y /lyrpra.30 Bojnnxe cy 3aKnean 6eorpaAcKr pa6ux [IJanom Pyco raojHra HMaM 6. neua4rjcxor nyKa Mexrvre4 Xaurmrh. V cxaagy ca raqxarna 6

u LL flpaeuna cnyxc1e | 4eo, o4pefeH je je,qax Bhtlrl4 oQraqrap xojn je

pyxoBoAl4o 3aK/leTBOM, KaO H noqacH[ BOA Ca 3aCTaBOM 14 My3hKOM.

Ilpema o6jauleruy Ml4Ht4crpa eojnor reHepana Teparah o4 13. Mapra L917.

roAnHe, cen 4o6poBo/btlh ra 4o6poeo/bLlt4 barlra y 6uno xojoj cnyx6u npu

eojcr4ra u 6eg o6anpa Ha roAnHe cTapocTh, noAnelKy cpncKrM 3aKoHl'lM4,

ype46ama, npaBunhMa n nponhcuMa.3l ,{arue je o6jau}beHo Aa eojHa

o6aeega 4o6poeorbaqa ra ,qo6poBotbaqa fiaxa noqhFbe ca HaBpuleHNx 18

roArHa n oHucy 3aKnerBy nonarann o4Max HaKoH crynaFba y cpncKy eojcxy,

6es o6sHpa Ha ro Aa nu cy yapurhexra y 6opr-1e nnn He6opqe. ,{o6poeo/bl-114

rvrna[u oA 18 roAhHa Hhcy nonarann 3aKnerey u olvl cy pacnope?lneanh caMo

Ha ,,cnope4Hraje ra xe6OpaqKe Ayx<HocTt ". 3aKneTBy cy nonarann A cau

4o6poeo rbLlu Cp6n n JyrocnoBeHu crpaHh noAaHnqr, ocl'1M aKo HHcy 6unu

aapo6neHu unn 6eryxqu, a xoj6 cy raajaannu npncraHaK Aa ce 6ope y

pe.qoBhMa cpncKe eojCxe, 6eg o6gnpa Ha FbhXoBe roAhHe cTapocrl4' flpe

no/f aralba 3aKneTae ,qo6poBo/bq14 cy noTnr clBanvl noce6aH o6paaaq nop'

Ha3HBOM ,,flpnCtyn Htl\a", xOjrrvr cy Ce O6aeegueann Aa he xa OCHoBy Ceoje

4o6pe Bo/be nonoxhTn 3aK/lerBy, cryngrh y peAoBe cpncxe eojcxe ra 4a he

ocTarn y lboj go xpaja rpajarua para.32 Texcr 3aK/lerBe sa 4o6poBo/blle 6rao je

t cTu Kao H 3a ocTane eojnrxe. Haperq6oM HaqenHHKa ura6a BpxoeHe

KoMaHAe op,27. xoaem6pa 1918. roAl4He o4pef eHo je 4a ,qo6poeo/bl4r npH

nonaralby 3aKneTBe yMecTo TeKcTa ,,Kparuy Cp6r,tje flerpy 1", tA3roBapajy

,,HauJeM Kpa/by flerPY 1".33

y Be3n ca nonaraFbeM 3aK/teTBe pHMOKaTO/lHKa U npoTecTaHaTa,

HeAOCrarax xojr je nocrojao y HopMarrBHHM nponHcrma aojcxe KparueenHe

Cp6raje, hcnpaBtbeH je, cxo4Ho norpe6ama, AoHouelbeM napefierua

Haqe/fHr4xa ura6a Bpxoexe KoMaHAe o428. cenreru6pa t9L7' xojrnn je

o4pefeno A,a npaBoc/laBHH eojHra cBeureHrr4ra rpe6a Aa Bpule 3aKnerBy KoA

eojnuxa phMOKaToIHqKe u npoTecTaHTCKe sepe.3a OSHM napeferuenn

AoAarHo je nojaullbeHo xapefierce MhHl4crpa sojxor o4 16' aBrycra t9t7 ' o

roMe Aa cBH Ao6poBo/bLl14 nonol1e 3aK/lerBy. Haxou grro je yrepfeHo .qa

nape?1erue nraje H3BpueHo y nornyHocrh n Aa HeKonuKo 4o6pogo/baqajeepejcxe, hcnaMcKe H pHMoKaTonHqKe BepohcnoBecTh e6or HeAocTaTKa

30 BA′ Π3′ 246′ 6′ 12/2.

31 07yxσθHυ θttHυ ′υCm(1917)3-5.32 BA′ n8′ 96′ 2′ 36/6.

33 BA′ Π3′ 224′ 1′ 4/1.

34 BA′ n3′ 321′ 9′ 5/101.

199

MnruaH MVIKUTI

cBeuJTeHhKa Hhje no.nolxh.no 3aKnerBy, HaqenHhK OneparhBHor oAe/beFbaBpxoeHe KoMaHAe nyKoBHl4 x flaunno KaaaQaroarh rpax(Ho je 9. oxro6patgt7. Aa Haqennrax AfyraHTcKor oAe/belba perynhue nonaraFbe 3aKnerBe hAa nfreM pacnLrca o6aeecrh KoMaHAe, HaA.neuJTBa n ycraHoBe xoje rarvrajyo6eesHhxe r,r 4o6poBo/bqe xojn nncy nono**tn4 3a*nerBy.tt yToM rpeHvrKy,oneparnBHo oAe/berue BpxoBHe KoMaHAe nwanoje no4arxe Aa 3aKnerByHucv nono>+<unu noje4nnu 406poeo /',qu jeapejcxe u hcltaMcKe Bepo_hcnoBecru y Mopaacxoj F.uausuin h pnMoKaro/u4qxe Bepe y je4noj 6prara6cxoj6onnn4u. Ha ocHoBy xapeferua oneparrBHor oA,e/belba, AfyraHrcxooAe/belbe je carm jeoqrannllaMa Aano pox Ao 23. oxro6pa 4a AocraBeraeeuraj o 6pojy o6eegH u x a vlnn 4o6poeo/ba qa phMoKaTo.n Hq Ke, hc,naMcKer jeepejcKe BeporcnoBecrll xojn xrcy nonolK unu 3aKnerBy. Ha ocxoeynphKyn/beHHx nHQoprvra |J.uja crhr{eMo vBuA y 6poj eojnnxa xojra HVcyno/folKH/lH 3aKnerBy.tt y l-lpaoj apnnju 6nnoje ocaru 4o6poeo/baqa uclraMcKeBepoHcnoBecrh y Mopaacxoi gueueujn,13 phMoKarorhqKe ra je4ax HcnaMcxeBepohcnoBecrh y n{prHcxoi 4raeraznju, y .{yxaecxoi ryuentujn 6nno je 47phMoKaro.fiHqKe Bepe, je4aH jeapejcxe ra je4aH hcnaMcKe Bepe; y Korurvxoj4ueuzujn ABa ncnaMcKe Bepe; y Earanony cp6a 406poeo/baqa 12 prrnoxa-ro.nhqKe Bepe r je4aH HcnaMcKe, v 2.norucxoj xrapyruxoj 60nnn4u jerqanphMoKaronhqKe Bepe. V Aprrarueprajcxoj paAnoHul1n, xoja je 6nna no1{hFbeHaAprHrueprjcxotvt oAe/belby Bpxoene KoMaHAe 6no je4ax o6eegHrax HclraMcKen je4aH o6aesHhx pt4MoKaronhqKe BepohcnoBecrh xojr nncv nonor+<unv13aKneTBy. Haqeaxnx CauutercKor oAe/belbe BpxoeHe KoMaHAe nyKoBHr4KJop4aH Crajrah o6aeecrh o ie 2r. oxro6pa 1gt7. roAHHe AfyranrcKo o,q,e/belbeAa y je4nnu4aMa r ycraHoBaMa uMa o6eegxu Ka u 4o6poaoruaqa xojrnphnaAajy prar,aoxaronnvxoj BepohcnoBecrh (ie4aH), jeapejcxoi (Aea) urcnanncxoi (rpra), o4 xojrax je je4an 6ro npea o$nna\y 6pr,rraHcxoj onuroj6onuu4u, je4an Ha cnyx 6n y 3. peaepaxoj 6onHnvxoj qer,, je4ax y 1..pesepexoj 6oaxrqxoj uern nrpny PexoxeanecqeHrcxoM orqe/belby y MraxpraKao peKoHBaneclleHrLr. AeponnaHcKa ecKaApa o6asecrhna je BpxoanyKoMaHAy 21. oxro6pa Aa hMa ABa 4o6poeo/bqa puMoKaroruqxe Bepoucno-BecrH xojn nucy nonoxh.nh 3aK.flerBy. y TonorpaQcxoM oAe/berby Ha cnyx6r4ie 6uoje.qax 4o6poeo/baq t{ex xojra Hraje no/ro}+c,ro 3axnerBy. V pesepenoj6onsnqxoj veru 6poj 1 xoja ce Hana3una y Bo4e'ra 6rao je je.qan o6eegHhxjeepejcxe BepoHcnoBecrr. .Qeojraqa He3aKnerux 4o6poBo/bqa-pl4MoKaro.nHqKeBepe y o4eneruy 6exrqne renerpaSraje 6unu cy npornauJeHh 3a

::)[1l11]」l」]ItXα

CコrЖσa y cp″ cκoJi θoJicttυ ソr7pθοM cθθ″κxO“ραm)ら 194.

200

Crsaparoe myarnxoxQechoHa/tHe eojcxe.

,{o6poeoruqu phMoKaro^v4u H nporecraHrh y cpncxoj aojcqn Ha Conyncxoru Qpoxry

npuBpeMeHo Hecnoco6He sa eojHy cnyx6y h r{eKanh cy ornycr. 6rno je ucnyvajeea Aa 4o6poeoIbWl Hl4cy >+<enenu Aa nonoxe 3aKnerey. Taxo ce y

n e xa pcxoj q erh M o pa ecx e Anlnsuje H aa a an o 4o6 po eo/ba Ll p 1,1 Mo Karo/l l4q Ke

BepoucnoBecrh Bnromrp .Iloeaqex, KoMe je cyfeHo s6or o46rajan'a Aa

nonolKh 3aKneTBy H y qeTu je uexao peuelbe 4a 6y4e oTnyUTeH na eojcxe.37

Ha ocHoey h3Beuraja o4 22. oxto6pa t9t7. roAhHe, y urra6y Apyre apmnje,

nopeA qerhph o6eegHrKa hcnaMcKe BepohcnoBecrn xoivt cy qeKanu Aa

no/f olxe 3aKneTBy ra je4nor ug !. no/bcKe xrpyuxe 6onnraqe xojr,t je 6uo y

6excray, nuje 6uno o6eegHHxa jeepejcKe h phMoKaronhqKe BepoHcnoeectn.3s

Cao6pahajHo o4e/belbe Bpxoene KoMaHAe o6aeecrnao je AfyraHrcxo

oAe/beFbe Bpxoene KoMaHAe 25. oxro6pa t9t7. Aa uMa 4o6poeoruaqa xojrHt4cy nonolxl'i/th 3aK.nerBy: y Ayrorvro6rncxoj KoMaHAH je4aH phMoKaronvlK;

2.latamoH nocneAlbe o46paxe, je4aH HcnaMcKe Bepe; Epo4apcKa KoMaHAa,

ABa phMoKaro/tuKa; FnaeHa aojxa craHrqa 6poj 8, je4aH pllMoKaronnx. V

raeeulrajy HHcy HaBeiqeHh no4aqh hg )KenegHHqKe KoMaHAe, a6orrora, KaKo

je o6jaurueHo, ulro cy qere pacrypeHe.

HaqenHnx OneparhBHor o.qe/belba Bpxoene KoMaHAe nyKoBHnx,{aHrao

KanaQaroeuh, o6aaecruo je 28. oxro6pa t9L7. roAhHe AfyraHrcKo oAe/belbe

Aa je na Aycrpa nnje23.oxro6pa t9t7, c-rnrno ,,78 goipoBo/baqa JyrocnoaeHa",

o4 xojrax cy roToBo cen najaeunt Aa )Ke/le Aa ce ynorpe6e xao 6opqn n Aa

6yAy ynyhexra y LlJyrvra4rjcxy gneneujy.3s flyxoaHrx KanaQaroavrh o6aeecrhoje Aa cy cBlr nornhcanr npycrynHhqe h 3aMonho je Aa ce opraHnayje

no/taralbe 3aK.neTBe 3a oBe 4o6poaoft4€, o.q xojrax je eehrHa 6una

pnMoKaro/n4qKe Bepe. Haqenxrx ulra6a Bpxoene KoMaHAe Hape4ho ie 29.

oxro6pa 19L7. Aa ce 3aKnerBa 4o6poao/baqa u3BptlJl4 30. oxro6pa y L1

qacoBa y Kpyry KacapHe Kparueae rap4e.ao Koruan4aHr Mecra Conyx je

rpe6aao Aa nouJarue je4xor cBeuJTeHHKa prMoKaronHqKe BepohcnoBecrh

paryn h3B p u e lba o6 pe,qa 3a KnerBe. Korua u4a xr,{o nyHcKe KoMa HAe rpe6anoje Aa noA KoMaHAoM je4Hor o$rar.papa ynylh cBe He3aKnere 4o6poao/bqe.

Haxon urro je yrepfeHo Aa je y HeKrM KoMaHAama 6nno eojHuxa xojn Hrcy

no1olK6nn 3ax/terey, napefelbeM HalrenHnxa ura6a BpxoeHe KoMaHAe oA

29. oxro6pa t9L7. ogpebego je Aa ce flonyHcxoj xomaxAn Y Mraxpr 1.

xoaem6pa H3BputH 3ax/teTaa eojHrKa n3 KoMaHAH t4 ycTaHoea y Conyxy,

Mnxpn, 3ejrrHnnxy A vlg oKo/lHHe ConyHa, 3aTHM Aa ce 5. Hoeenn6pa xo4

ura6a |pae aprvrraje h3Bprut4 3aK/rerBa eojnnxa h3 KoMaHAu vl ycraHoBa y

37 ИcrnO′ 194.38 ИcmO′ 196.39″cmO.40 ИcmO′ 197.

201

MnruaH MhnKHl

pejoHy flpee apMuje, AoK je 7. xoeeM6pa xo4 ura6a Apyre aprvrraje rpe6anotf3Bplul4rh 3aKnerey aojHuxa flpyre apmuje n u3 jeguxuqa u ycraHoBacMeureHux v Bo4exn u Beprexony.4l CeeuJreFrHKe 3a 3aKnerBy eojxnxajeepejcxe n ucnaMcxe BepolrcnoBecrh rpe6ano je Aa Ha o4pefeHo Mecroynyrh KoMaHAaHT Mecra CoayH, 4ox je cBeureHrKe 3a H3Bpuelbe 3aKnerBeHaA npaBoc.flaBHt4M, pl,rMoKaront4lluMa u nporecraHTuMa rpe6ano Aa oAceojnx cBeuJTeHHKa oApe.qe KoMaHAaHTH aprurja, oAHocHo KoMaHAaHT

,Qonyxcxe KoMaH.qe. Konnan.qaHr Apyre aprvrraje sojeo4a CrenaHoetaho6aeecrho je 1. xoeeru6pa t9t7. roAuHe BpxoeHy KoMaHAy Aa y Apyrojapr,aujn HeMa cBeuJreHrKa xojra 6w Mouth Aa h3BpuJe 3aKnerBy HaAeojxur-1rrua pnMoKaro/tHqKe h nporecraHTcKe BeponcnoBecrh.

3axoHcxa o6aeeea 4o6poeo/baqa n perpyra y Be3h ca noraralbeM3aKnerBe, Kao h HeonxoAHocr yceajarua oAroBapajyhnx nponhca xojrarvra 6ra

6uno omoryheHo ocrBaprBaFbe BepcKHX npaBa puMoKaronnta H nporecraHara,yrhqana je Ha )Kneory MrayruHoarha, eojHor npory y urra6y.{yxaacxe$uauzuje Aa noKpeHe HHhqnjaruey 3a ilHcrhryLlhoHanHo peuaeaFbe oBrxnurarua.az flpora Mrayrnnoeuh je y ceorvr o6pahalby orq 27. jyna 1918.KoMaHAaHry AnP,uauje o6jacHuo Aa y gneuenjn nocrojr sHauajan 6poj4o6poeo/baqa puMoKaro,nrqKe Bepe, Kao H Malbt,t 6poj nporecraHTcKe Bepe,xojr Hennajy ceor aojHor cBeureHhxa. Haeeo je aa ce Aecro cnyuaj Aa je je4an

4o6poeo/baq prMoKaro/u4qKe BepoilcnoBecrlr norrHyo ra 4a je HapefeHo 4aone.no HaA Fbt4M t43Bp1ut4 npaBocnaanr eojnu cBeureHrax. 36or rora je nporaMunytunoenh 3aMo/u4o KoMaHAaHTa AnBuaraje 4a ce oBo nhraFbe uJTo npepeuH. V eegr ca peuaBalbeM oBor nhraFba, cpncKa Bpxoana KoMaHAao6paruaa ce MhHncrpy eojnorvr 4. aerycra 1918. ca moa6oM 3a o6jaurruerueAa nn npaBocnaBHh cBeuJreHhL[]r rpe6a Aa Bpue cBe LlpKBexe o6peAe KoAaojxrxa puMoKaro.nhqKe h nporecraHTcxe Bepe, Hnh caMo 3aKneTBy. Oeycnryaqnjy o6jacxrao je peQepeHr 3a BepohcnoBeAHe noc/toae nporojepejIby6oranp Muaerrah xojra je y ceorvr peQepary MhHhcrpy eojxorvr 20. aerycra1918. norqceruo Ha Hape.q6y rvuarpononhra flnnwpuja ras tgt4. roAHHe Aaoneno HaA pHMoKaronhKoM Moxe Aa t,r3BpuJh npaBoc/taBHn cBeuJTeHHx. 36orrora je peSepenr 3a BepoucnoBeAHe nocnoBe cMarpao Aa xraje norpflbHo Aace nocra Bn>a cBeureH H K pt4MoKaro/t l4q Ke BepohcnoBecru, o6paanoxh BUJ t4

ro H t{HbeHHLloM Aa ie guenzuja ca xajeehrarvr 6pojervr phMoKaro/tnKaJyrocnoeeHcKa gueutuja, A" Y ruoj rma caMo 117 pnnnoxarong1a, uJTo Hraje

6ro 4oeoruan 6poj Aa 6u ce yBoAt4o noce6aH pnMoKaro.nnr{Kh cBeuJreHHK.

41″cmO.42″cmO′ 186-187.

202

Crea pa rue rvrynrra xoHQecroHan He BojcKe'

fio6poeoruqH pHMOKarOnnLltl H nporecraHrh y cpncKoj aojcr-$'r xa conyHcxorvr QpoHry

peQepeHr 3a BepohcnoBeAHe nocnoBe je moryhHocr yaof erua

phMoKaTo/thqKor cBeuJTeHhKa npeABr.qeo y cny'rajy Aa ce noeeha 6poj

eojxrxa phMoKaro/lrxa. Mruucrap aojHra reHepan Paurrah je Lt' cenrem6pa

1918. o6aeecrho BpxoeHy KoMaHi4y Aa Ce Hape46a Mhrpono nnra,{rarvrrarpnja

o4Hocl4 Ha Bpgelbe one/la, a nouTo je 6rano HeonXoAHo o6eg6e4wn

BpueFbe cBHx t-lpKBeHhx o6pe4a, TpaXeHo je oA Ml4Hl4cTpa hHocTpaHhx

nocnoBa Aa ce Uro npe ynyTe y Conyn 2-3 praruoKaTonuq6a cBeuTeHhKa no

HapoAHoCrra cp6a, Xpeara unv't cnoBeHaqa xojr'r 6ra 6unn pacnopef enn y

onepaThBnoj aojcr4u. MrHrcTapcTBo HHocTpaHHx nocnoBa no3Bano je oae

CBeUTeHuKe n3 Cje4raroennX AruephqKl'lx ,EpXaea, nOUTO CBeuJTeHilqh

,,jyrocnoBeHcKe "ipo4"o crt " Hucy Mornh Aa 6yAy 4o6rajeHra o'q Ceere

cTonnLle. ,Qox ce oBo nhraFbe He peul4, 3a cnyqaj norpe6e rpe6ano je

Ko p HcTt4Tl4 pt4 Mo KaTon hq Ke cBe uJTe H 14 Ke H 3 cyceAH hx $pa H qycK 14X KoMa HAh

u 6onHraq?, y3 nperxo4Ho 4o6rajeHy carnacHocr ura6a QpaHqycKe KoMaHAe'

HaqenHnx ura6a Bpxoene KoMaHAe eojeo4a )Kneojrax Mraurrah o6pailo ce

23. aarycra 19L8. MhHl4crpy eojnorvr ca ruon6oM Aa ce ycne4yKa3aHe norpe6e

3a cBeIJTeHrqnMa phMoKaro/n4qKe Bepe y oneparnexoj aojct4n, BpxoaHoj

KOMaHAh CTaBn Ha pacnonaralbe 3a pacnopeA HeKOnuKo pt4MoKaTO/|14t{Kl4X

cBeureHhKa.a3 MrxncrapcrBo eojHo o6aeecrhno je 29' aBrycra 1918'

Bpxoeny KoMaHAy Aa je paHnje npeKo MuurcrapcrBa LrHOCrpaHrx noc/loBa 3a

cnyx6y t4 Bpuelbe o6pe4a y oneparraeroj aojc4ra rpax(eHo Aa ce ynyrn 3-4

puMoKaTonhqKa cBegTeHnxa. HaqenHhg ura6a BpxoeHe KOMaHF'e o6paruo

ce 20. cenrem6pa 1918. roAhHe ueQy Cex4raje cpncKe Bpxoexe KoMaHAe 3a

Be3y y KoMaHAh caBe3HHqKhX eojcxu r o6asecTqo ra Aa, AoK ce He p,o6ujy aa

cpncKy eojcxy 2-3 cBeuTeHHKa pHMOKaTOIl4qKe BepohcnoBecTH no

HapoAHocrra cp6a, Xpaara unu cnoBeHaqa, je xurxo norpe6H o Ao6ntu

o4o6perue n napeferue oA QpaHr-lycxrax eojrrx B/lacrh Aa tbhxoBl'l

cBeUTeH u\t4 us xaj6nnxe KoMaHAe unn 6Onu hlle Bpue onena HaA cpncKhM

aojxrqrma prMoKaronh"{Ke Bepe. cyrpa4aH je gre$ cexqraje cpncKe Bpxoeue

KoMaHAe 3a Be3y ynyTho rvrOn6y KomaH4u CaBe3H6t{xrx aojcx4 3a XHTH9

napeferue no oBoM npeAMery. l4cror AaHa, 21. cenrem6pa, caBe3HhqKa

KoMaHAa je caojnn norqHbeHnrvr je4HHl4llaMa ynyrHna xapefer+e Aa

phMoKarorl4rrKq cBeuJreHhLp4 Ha cnylx6u Y QpaHqycxram je4rHhqaMa h

6onHnqaMa y HenocpeAHoj 6nngulau cpncKHX rpyna rpe6a ,qa npyxajy

AyxoBHy nomoh r Bpue caxpaHy ,3aTonvqKhx paTHhKa cpncxe aojcxe"'aa

43″ cmO′ 187.44″cmO′ 188.

203

Mnruax MHnKhI

vcaoer 3a 3aKoHcKo perynncabe nonoxaja phMoKaronnKa y Bojcllheaje4xnvxe jyxxoc.noBeHcxe AplKaBe crBope Hu cv 20. Hoeenn6pa 191g.oMyKoM BnaAe Hapo4Hor erajeha croeeHaqa, Xpeara ra cp6a y 3arpe6y onMeHoBaruy Oep4a Poxnha 3a BpxoBnor eojHor BHKapa. Mrxncrap aojnra je6. Se6pyapa 1919. AocraBro BpxoaHoj xonnaHAH peueroe xojr,rrvr je umeHoaaooep4a Poxnha aa peSepeHra 3a prMoKaronhqxy BeporcnoBecr npr onure-eojrlom oAe/belby MuuncrapcrBa aojxor. flana Sene.qrxr XV norepAqo je oaoHahMeHoBaFbe 9. Qe6pyapa 1920. qhMe je Poxrah nocrao anocro.ncxu eojxr,rBhKap aa KparueBnHY Cp6a, Xpeara h CnoeeHaqa.4s OgTryxolvr MraxncrapcKorcaBera KpaneauHe cp6a, Xpaara h cnoeexaqa oA 30. jaHya pa Lg2o.npaBo Aanmajy ceoje eojxe cBeureHrxe go6une cy cBe nph3Hare Bepohcnoeecrr.a6

Haquoxa nqa u BepcKa nhralba y oKBhpy paaeoja jyrocnoeeHcKe r4eje,Kao h rueby 4o6poeo/br-{HMa y cpncxoj eojcqra npeAcraB/bajy noce6Hy remy.aTBaxno je Harna cnrn Aa cy oBa nhralba yr,r.rana He caMo Ha Koxe3 wiv n60p6enr,r Mopa, cpncxe eojcxe, aeh cy HMala r aHauajHux nocineArqa HacrBa pa Fbe aaje4x u v xe jyxxoc.n oBeH cKe AplKa Be . 14 najyhn v Bn Ay nnef yco6 HeoAHoce aojnrxa y cpncKoj eojcr4ra xoja je Ha conyHcKoM oponry cBe Bhuenocrajana MynrhKoHQecuoHa u MynrherHHr{Ka, cpncKa BpxoeHa KoMaHAaAoHena je L2.4eqenn6pa 1917. xape,q6y y xojoj cy h3Herh craBoBh cpncKilxoQraqrapa h crapeurHa npeMa JyrocnoBeHnMa h HaBeAeHe cMepHuqaMa oroMe KaKaB rpe6a 4a 6y4e oAHoc cp6rajaHaqa npeMa JyrocaoeeHnnna.€Hape46a je ,qoxera y qur,'v crBapaFba HaqhoHa/rHor je4nncraa aa 6y4yheyje4raruerue. BpxoBHa KoMan4a je cMarpana Ad ,,y rpeHrrKy Ka4a ce y eojcxyyBoAH BennKu 6poj JyrocloaeHa h ocra/thx cnoeena,,, Tpe6a yKa3arn 4al'bhxoB AOna3aK nopeA nomohr y eojnorvr norneAy, rpe6a jour 4a ,,v.llpcrtl upasenje n hAejy o 6parcray, je4naxocrn ra aaje4nuqra cp6a, Xpeara n

,3-_-_.:-

as Hcmo, !89.46 M' Munxuh, ITpaeno peeynucahbe nonoxcoia eojuoceewmeHuqne cmpyKe y eojct4uK p anee u u e cxcfl y eo cn a e uj e, Boj x oracrop njcxu r naatnx r-2 (2005) tE6-ltqo.o1V'D' Krestii, srpsko-hrvatski odnosi iiugoslovensko ideja u drugoj polovini XIXveko, Novaknjiga, Beograd 1988. Stvoronie iugoslovenske driove IglB. Zbornik radovo podnetih nanauinom skupu u tloku od L6. do 79. maia 7979, urednik: N. B. popovid, lsl, Narodna knjiga,Beograd 1983' fl' B. BrarunnKoB, Apnua 6ee eocydopcmea. cepdcxuil do1poeonoqecxuilKopnyc e Poccuu 1916-19L7 aa, flepean MHpoBan eoilHa ra cy4u6ur HapoAoB {eHrpaauxofi nloro-Bocrovxofi Eeponbl: ot{epKh vlcropvt.l, peAaKTop: E. fl. cepanHoHoBa, <DegeparuxoerocyAapcrBeHHoe 6pAxerHoeyqpexAeHhe HayKH, lfincrurvtcnaBfiHoBeAeHrn pAH, Mocxea20L5,136-156.

€ Hape46a o'6p' 20776, HaqenHhKa ulra6a Bpxosue KoMaHAe reHepana flerpa 6ojoarha aacBe rpyne H ycraHoBe sa L2.4er-1ern6ap Lglr, coayn. BA, n 3, 273, 6, 4/123. Hape46y je yqenHHh o6iaeuo4p Mraae Ejeaajaq. M. s. Bjelaj ac,Jugoslovensko iskustvo sa multietniikomarmijom 1918-L991. godine, Beograd 1999, 7_tO.

2A4

Creaparoe mynrrxoHQechoHa/l He aojcxe.

,{o6poeoruq}t phMoKaronxL{r4 H nporecraHrh y cpncKoj eojcqn ua CoayHcxorvr QpoHry

Cnoeexaqa, Kao u ocranvx CroeeHa". Hape46oru ce Hanopr cBr4x crapeurHHaycrvrepaeajy y npaBqy crBapaFba yBepeFba o nornyxoj je4Haxocrr u

paBHonpaBHocn4 xo4 cerjy eojxraxa, Kao h y npaBqy cya6Njarua noxyuraja

,,cenaparh3Ma unu AowlrHHparoa Cp6rajaHaqa HaA ocra/tHMa nnn o6parHo".Ceaxo je nmao npaBo Ha HaqhoHa/tHo onpeAe/belbe, Kao H ua cno6o4xohcnoBeAabe ceoje Bepe. VxagaFto je n Ha cHalKHy nenpnjare/bcKynponaraH.qy xoja je cnpoeeAeHa ca qh/beM Aa ce noKalKe rexlba Cp6a ras

KparueerHe Cp6nje 3a AoMrHaqnjom xa4 XpearuMa, CnoeeHal{t4Ma u

L[pnoropllhMa. Tpe6ano je Aa cer eojxrar.pa rvrefyco6Ho ]Kt4Be Kao npaBa

6paha ra HajNcxpeaujnApyroBh. VxasaHo je Ha KpQcxy AeKnapaL\uiy,,,xojy cy

n3pa4unra najar,rfenrajr npeAcraBHn\n cerajy AenoBa JyrocnoeeHa", n xojy je

rpe6aao ,,cMarparh Kao cBpuleH h o6aeegaH aKT h cBe paHnje pa3Mhpt4qe

ocraBhrr4 aa6opasy".4e BojHxqHMa je npenopyqeHo Aa ce raHrepecyjy n

KoMeHrapHuJy caMo 4ora?1aje xa Qponry h Aa cBy naxlby ycMepe xa nseoje-

Balbe no6e4e HaA Henprjarertem n ,,npnBoferue y Aeno JyrocnoeeHcKoryjegrarueFba". flarpuoru3aM h qBpcra Ahct4hnnhHa HaBeAeHH cy Kao BeoMa

BaIKHH H yKa3aHo je Ha HeonxoAHocr nouroBarua nocrojehrx HopMarhBHt4x

nponuca. Ocno6ofelbe h yje,qrarueFbe y aaje4Hnuxy KparueBhHy Cp6a, Xpeara

N Cnoseraqa HaBeAeHo je xao 3aBerH,r nAean. Hapenq6a je caonureHa cBhM

jerqr,tnrr-1aMa, a KoMaHAaHTy ,{onyncxe KoMaHAe je xapefeHo ,.qa je

caonuraBa cBrM ocra/rhM 4o6poeo/baqKhM je4rHnqa Ma npvnnKoM FbhxoBor

AonacKa y ConyH.gecrurxe xoje cy Kpa/b l-lerap n npecronoHacneAHhK Anexcax,qap

ynyhreann cpncxoj eojcqvr y roKy parHHX roAHHa sa Eoxhh, Hoey roAhHy H

Bacxpc, nopeA caoje ynore y noAn3alby Mopana eojcxe, npeAcraeruajy n

ceojeepcHe maHuQecre y xojrarvra ce Molxe nparhrl4 paaeoj parHhx Lp4/beBa

Cp6raje.s0 AHanHgoM caAplKaja HaeerqeHHx qecrurKr yxaaahemo Ha rageje ra

KapaxTep crBapalba HoBe .qpxaBe L918. rop,nHe.sl V qecrurxaMa ce jacHo

yovaeajy pasnl4v,nre ocHoBe 6y4yhe ApxaBe. V qecrrrKaMa Kpa/ba flerpa rn pecro/toH acneAH H xa fure xca HApa roKoM L9L4, 19 15. u t9t6. roAh H e roBo p H

ae,,Pa3He npenhpxe, o6jaurroerua H 3aMepKe 3a MHHyne 4orafaje, na qaK ra noje4nHe anyzuje,

Mory AoHerH BHUe urrere, Ho urro ce ro o6h.{Ho Mncnn; s6or rora nx rpe6a 6prxruneoHg6eraaaril n ocralnru Ha crpaHy cBe Arcxycuje, xoje Mory yHerlr Hecnopa3yM H 3ny KpB

Meby e/reMeHTe h3 pa3HHX xpajesa." BA, n 3, 273,6,4/L23.s0 M. Mrnxuh,,QpxaeHu u BepcKu npo3Hur,lu y eojc4u Kuexeeune u Kpaneeuxe Cp6uje,

Bojnoracropujcxu raacx nx L-2 ( 2007) 7 -20.sl O cpncKoM nnralby H crBaparoy jyroc/roBeHcxe ApHaBe BHAeTH: 5. [-lerpaxoeuh,

JyeocnoeencKo ucKycmeo cpncKe HaquoHanHe uHmeepa4uje,Cnyx6enu nuct CPJ, Eeorpag

1993. /b. ,[urvrrah, Hcmopujo cpncKe dpt+caeuocmu. Cp6uja y Jyeocnaeuju, xwnra lll, CAHy,

,,Eece4a",.Qpyurao hcroprqapa Jyxno6avxor u CpemcKor oKpyra, HoBH Caa 2001.

205

Mrruan Ml,1/lK14h

ce o yjeAnlbelby ,,BactontlKor CpncrBa" vl no6eAn ,,cpncKor opylxja". BpxoeHr

KoMaHAaHT npecro/toHac/te.qHh K AnexcasAap rrecrhrao je Eoxrah cpncxojaojcr-pa 7. jaHyapa 1915. roAhHe vra KparyjeBLla, y3 3axBanHocr 6ory uro jecpncKoM opyxjy 4ao caoj 6aarocnos xojnm cy cpncKra eojHnqu og6pannnncaoje AoMoBe. V 6oxrahnoj vecrnrKr Kpa/ba flerpa 1915. roAHHe h3palxaBa

ce 6naro,qapHocr Ha nolKprBoBalby cBhM cpncKhM eojnnqnma u 6narocnnaiyce ,,Cp6u Ha cBe qerhpr crpaHe cBera". l'lpeA Bacxpc 1915. ro4t4He Kpa/b

flerap je raa Bparocxe 6aroe ynyrlro qecrhrKy Halre/rHhxy ura6a BpxoBHe

KoMaHAe eojao4ra Pa4orvrrpy flyrxr,rxy, oQrqrphMa, eojnnqrnna H o6ee3Hh-qhMa qhHoBHr4r{Kor peAa ca xe/boM Aa ,,ycKopo cen saje4Ho npocnaBrbaMo

Bacxpc ra yje4r,tuebe BacKo.nhKor cpnctBa". Bpxoenh KoMaHAaHT cpncKe

aojcxe, npecronoHacneAHrx AaexcaHAap, qecrhrao je na Conyxa cpncxojeojcqr,r Eoxrah r HoBy t9t7. fo4uHy, yxasyjyhn Aa je Heymrrna cy46rHacpncKor HapoAa xrena Aa cBerne npa3HhKe Xpucrosor po?1erua cpncKa sojcxa

AoqeKa BaH orau6rne. Va4ajyhra ce y Soxrajy norvroh, npecronoHac/terqHhK

Anexcan4ap Ha Kpajy vecrnrKe H3pal1aBa yBepeFbe Aa he y xoeoj roAnqvlcpncKa eojcxa ocrBapnrn ocno6of eroe Cp6rje r qenor cpncrBa. V.{ecrhrKaMa

n pecronoHacneAH h xa A.nexca HApa H a KoH KpQcxe Ae Kn a pa qLrje iy na t9t7 .

roAhHe Aonasv Ao npoMeHe repMrnonornje ra yxaayje ce Ha norpe6yyje4raruerua jyxnocnoBeHcKr4x HapoAa. y 6oxrahHoj u HoBoroAututcojqecrurKn t9t7 . roAh He n pecro/r oH acneAH H x Ane xca uAa p vt3palKa Ba )Ka/be Fbe

e6or rora uro y nperxoAHoj ro4utvl cpncxa eojcxa Hraje nseojeBa/ra no6e4yHaA Henprjarenem n anje ce Bparh na y oraq6nxy. Ha Kpajy qecrrrKe, 3a

pa3n n Ky oA n perxoAH l4x roAh Ha, n pecronoHacneAH h x Anexca HAa p yxasyje

Ha HoBe Llil/beee cpncKe aojcxe - ocno6oferoe ra yje,qrruerue ,,aajeAHH'.{Ke

- orap6rHe Cp6a, Xpeara H CnoeeHaqa". V Ayxy u4eje jyrocaoeeHcrBa H

cpncKNX parHrx qhn)eBa ycMepeHHx Ka crBapalby HoBe AplKaBe,npecronoHac/re.q,Hux ArexcaHAap je 19. 4eqervr6pa t9I7. (1. jaHyapa 1918)ynyTHo noce6Hy r{ecThTKy eojnnqnrua p6MoKaTo/ll4qKe h npoTecTaHTcKe

BepohcnoBecru aa Hoey ro.quHy no l-peroprjaxcxoM KaneH4apy.s2 TexcrqecrurKe je 4ocrae^",y ueQy ParHor npec6rapao KaKo 6u 6no o6jaaruex yHoBHHaMa xoje cy uraMnaHe y Conyxy. [IpecronoHacneAHnK no3ApaB/ba

oQraqnpe, no4oQnqrpe n eojxuxe puMoxarornqKe n nporecraHrcKeBeponcnoBecrh y3 )Ke/by Aa ce y Hoaoj 1918. roAAHu KpyHr4uly ycnexoM

aaje4xravxu Hanopn aa yje,qhlbelbe y saje,qxraqKy Apxaey. hspaarao je caojeyBepebe Aa ce qecrrrKaMa nphApylxyjy r 6opqra npaBoc/taBHe BepohcnoBecru.

V aacxpurruoj vecrnrtu 15. anpnna tgL7. roAhHe, npecronoHacneAHhK

52 BA′ Π3′ 135′ 2′ 1/92.

206

Creaparoe ruynuxonQechoHanHe BoJcKe'

,Qo6poeoruqH phMoKaronn\n H npoTecraHTh y cpncKoj sojcqra ua conyHcxorvr Qpoury

Aaexcan4ap o6panao ce cpncKhM jyHau,uma y3 HaAy y cKopl4 BacKpc

orap6rue. Kparu l'lerap y BacKprllrooj uecrnrRA cpncxoj aojcr-1n 1918. roAilHe

HarflaujaBa nolKpTBOBaFbe cTapeuJuHa h eojnnxa y 6op6r, y3 yBepelbe y

cKgpt4 ,,BaCKpc ra yje,qraruebe BaCKO/ll'lKor CpnCTea"' l-lpeCTOnoHaCneAHhK

AaexcaH,qap y Bacpxuruoj qecT'lTKl'l 1918. roAhHe Hgrnqe Benn4n AonphHoc

caBe3HhKa H FbHXoee 6op6e Ha 3ana4norvr QpoHry, Kao ra 6op6e cpncKe h

caBe3Hhltxe aojcxe Ha ConyncKoM OpoHry. Ha xpajy qecrrrKe ce Har'naUaBa

Aa )KprBe sehe 6utn y3anyAHe, jep he 4oueila yje,qurbeFbe ca "ocranoMHauJoM Al4qHoM 6pahorvr JyrocnoeeHhMa". V 6oxrahHoj vecrrtnn 7 ' jaHyapa

191,9. roAHHe, npeCrOnOHaCneAHrx AnexcaHAap no,qceha xa ceoje peqH h3

npounoroAl4nJtbe qecrurKe, Kara,a je noeaao eojcxy Aa hMa qBpcry HaAy r Aa

he ,,Eoxrjoru nomohy y nacrynajyhoj roAnHr nocrnhn Hau y3Bt4ueHh wl|b v

o6ea6e4utu ce6u cee 6naroAern Mnpa ra 6yp,yher pa3Bhrxa"' llpecro/lo-

HacneAHhK HaBOA,ra Hajeehe 6nrxe xoje je cpncKa eojcxa raeojeeana n

ocno6o4nna Cpluiy, ann HanoMyllbe Aa je cpncxa sojcxa KpeHyna n Aatbe,

,,y Hapyqja ocranoj 6pahu". 36or rora, KaKo ce HaBoAt4 y qecrnrKn' "oBe

roAhHe cKopo cBaKh xprurhancxn, jyrocnoBeHcKh AoM cao6o,qno h Beceno

npocnaB/ba cBeT/lH npa3HhK Cnacrrerueea Pof eFba 14 6narocnma Bac - ceoje

ocno6o4hol1e". Ha raj Har{hH je aaapureHo Aeno xoje je 3anoqeo Kapafopfe

-,,Tpot4MeHh Hapo4 je ca,qa caKyn/ben ceojonn Bo/boM npBh nyr qeo y je4xo|t

Apx(aBHoM AoMy, y npocrpaHoM Kparueecrey Cp6a' Xpeara n CaoeeHaqa"'

v roxy l-lpeor cBercKor para cpncKa eojcxa je nnaaa aHauajny aojHruxy,

anu je roKoM paTa go6nna A anavajHy no/lHrhqKy ynory y crBapaFby

aaje4xravxe jyxHoc/toBeHcKe ApxaBe. l4arpaAba rvrefiyco6Hor noBepeFba

Meby HapoAhMa pa3nuqhTor HaqnoHa/lHor nopeKna h pa3nrqnTux BepcK'lx

onpeAe/belba, 6nnaje aacryn/beHa He caMo Ha nonuThqKoM HhBOy, eeh ra y

peAoBt4Ma cpncKe aojcxe. Bojcxa je y rorvr cMhcny 6nna 4o6ap noKa3are/b H

npeAcTaBruana je KopHcraH MoAen 3a pa3yMeBaFbe rvrebyxaquoHanHHx

oAHoca y 6y4yhoj aaje4xra'rxoj 4pxaen'

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207

MИJbaH MИЛКИ■

Miljan MlLKle

MAKING OF MULTICONFESSIONAT ARMY.ROMAN CATHOTIC AND PROTESTANT VOLUNTEERS

IN SERBIAN ARMY ON THE THESSALONIKI FRONT

Summary

The regulation of religious issues for Orthodox members of the SerbianArmy was institutionally stipulated by the Military Law of 1839. In thefollowing years the religious issues were regulated for members of religiousminorities in the Serbian Army (Muslims and Jews), relating primarily tospecific meals and the celebration of religious holidays. Military chaplains hadan important role in all wars in which the Serbian Army was involved. Thebasic duties of chaplains included taking care of the liturgical tife of SerbianArmy members, working in Serbian and allied military hospitals, servingfuneral and memorial services, and administration of national and religiousholidays. The First World War brought about significant changes concerningreligious issues in the Serbian Army. For the first time members of religiousminorities got their chaplains: the first military imam was appointed tn L9L4,and the military rabbi in 1916. The requirement for formal regulation of thereligious needs of Roman Catholics and Protestants did not exist until thearrival of a large number of volunteers on the lhessalonikifront. With thearrival of a large number of volunteers on the Thessaloniki front, the SerbianArmy was increasingly becoming multinational and multiconfessional. There

_ were more and more volunteers of Roman Catholic, Muslim, Protestant andJewish faiths, who mostly declared themselves as Yugoslavs. These volunteerscame from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as well as from Australia and theUnited States. Their religious needs were first administered by Orthodoxpriests. The final solution was brought on 21 September 1918 with theagreement between the Serbian Army and the Allied Command. Inaccordance with this agreement, French priests performed religious servicesfor Roman Catholics in the Serbian Army. The regulation of religious needs ofRoman Catholic and Protestant soldiers was also important in the context ofthe Serbian war goals aimed at creating a new state. Meeting of the religiousneeds of members of the Serbian Army of different confessions was aimedat strengthening the combat morale and creating a modern Serbian Army.Although untilthe end of the First World War, they did not have their militarypriests, their efforts to satisfy the religious needs of soldiers of the Roman

208

Creaparoe ruynrnxoH$ecnoHa.n He aojcxe.

,{o6poeoruLlt4 pt4MoKaronu\A H nporecraHrh y cpncKoj eojclpa ua CoayHcxolt QpoHry

Catholic and Protestant faith represented an important basis for their

institutional regulation in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Keywords: Serbian Army, religious service, military priests, volunteers,

Roman Catholics, Protestants, Thessaloniki front, Yugoslavia.

209

PEqEH3EHTI4

Axa4emrx /by6o4par flrnanh (cAHy)

IlpoQ. 4p Spaxxo Seuanx (OraaosoScxr gaxynrer Yxneeparrera y HoaoM Cagy)

Ap Mnnax Tepsnh (Apxra Jyrocnaeuje)

,Qp Xapon4 PaQ (HcropnjcKo oAen'erue Komax4e Aprvrrje CM y Eeponn,Xaj4ea6epr, Hemavxa)

,Qp Bacnanj E. Kaunpny. (Hxcuryr 3a c/raBncrrxy pAH, Mocxaa, pyoaja)

Ap Apna4 Xopruax (Vxreep3urer y flevyjy, Ma[apcxa]

REVIEWERS

Academician Ljubodrag Dimii (sAsA)

Prof. Branko Be5lin, PhD (Faculty of Philosophy, university of Novi sad)Milan Terzi{ PhD (The Archives of Yugoslavia)Harold E. Raugh, PhD (History Division, Headquarters, u.s. Army Europe,Heidelberg, Germany)

Vasiliy B. Kashirin, PhD (lnstitute for Slavic Studies of Russian Academv ofSciences, Moscow, Russia)

Prof. Arpad Hornyak, PhD (University of pecs, Hungary)

AOsPOBO/bqn y SE/I-UKOM PATy 1914-1918

Hsdoeoqu:l,lcroprjcxn nHcruryr 6eorpa4l,lxcrnryr ea ctparerujcxa hcrpax(healua, MrxncrapcrBo o46pane Peny6nnxe Cp6rjeMarrqa cpncKa

3a usdoaoqe:gp CpDax Py4rah, dupexmop Hcmopujcxoz uHcmumymo

4p Joeaxxa lllapaxoerh, dupexmopxa Hncmumymo 3o cmpomezujcxa ucmparrcuaoho

4p Bop[e Bypnh, ceKpemap Momuqe cpncKe

Cexpemop Pedaxquje

llexmypa mencmoeo Ho cpncnou jeauxy

llexmypa meKcmoao Ha enenecKou jeeuxy

flpeeod *flpedeoeopo" no enenecxu jeaux

Kopexmypa

Komnjymepcxo npunpeMo so wmaMny

Wmomna

Tupax

!s8N 978-86 -7 7 43-t29-7

Cxexaxa Pncrrh

Mnnuqa Crmnh

Tarjaxa Rocosrh

Tarjaxa hocoanh

Caaauqa Mepexnx

Oro6o4ax Crannh

TERCUA 4oo, Eop

500 npnanepaxa

C!P‐ KaTaЛ o『И3aЦtta y nv6JIИ KaЦ ttИ :Hapo4xa 6n6nnorexa Cp6rje, Seorpa4

94( 100)" 1914/1918"(082)355.087.2' 1914/19 18',(082)

AOEPOBO/b[{14 y Beanrom pary : 1914-1918 / ypegxnqu CpDax PyAnh, flann6op flexAa, BopfeEypnh. - Seorpa4 : Hcropnjcxr,l xHcrnryr : Hxctrryt aa crparernjcKa r4crpalxhaalba ; Hoen Ca4 :

Marnqa cpncKa, 2018 (Eop : Tepqnja). - 465 crp. I n^yfip.; 25 cm. - (36opxnx paAoBa / ll4ctopnjcxnraxcrnryrl ; xru.36)

Ha cnop. Hacn. crp.: The Volunteers in the Great War 1914-1918. - Texcroex Ha cpn. n eHrr. jear,rxy. -Tirai 500. - Crp. 1l-13: flpe4roeop | flann6op AexAa. - Cnncax ayropa: crp. [453-455]. - Hanoanexe n

6n6nnorpa$cre pe$epeHqe ya rexcr. - Summaries.

f sBN 978-85 -77 43-L29-7 VAI

a) flpen cBercKll par 1914-1918 - flo6poeorbtlH - 36opxrqra

coBtss.sR-r D 26567 47 64