06-F-1532DocBriefingsUpdates2001-2003 pt1

8/14/2019 06-F-1532DocBriefingsUpdates2001-2003 pt1

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International Support for Operation Iraqi FreedomCon tno~ non s rom Coa t on memoer nat'ons to Operation lraoi Freeoom range from o fect m tary part c pationog stica ana me gence s-ppon spec a ue o cnemical'oiolog cal response teams over ft ght rignts n m a r aroan andreconstructon a 0 to PO tca supportForty-nine countries are oubllcly committed to the Coalition, inciudinq.AfghanistanAlbaniaAngolaAustraliaAzerbaijanBulganaColombiaCosta RicaCzech RepublicDenmarkDominican RepublicEl SalvadorEntreaEstoniaEthiopiaGeorgiaHondurasHungaryIcelandItalyJapanKuwaitLatviaLithuaniaMacedoniaMarshall IslandsMicronesia

MongoliaNetherlandsNicaraguaPalauPanamaPhilippinesPolandPortugalRomaniaRwandaSingaporeSlovakiaSolomon IslandsSouth KoreaSpamTongaTurkeyUgandaUkraineUnited KingdomUnited SlatesUzbekistan

Th s n m b e r is st grow ng and t s no acedent that many memoer nations of the Coa t o n recent y escaped from me0001 of a tyrant or nave fe I he sco-rge of terrorism Al CoaIi+ionmemoer nations unoers'ana tne tnreat Saoaam11-ssein sweaoons pose lu me wo ro ana tne devastaton nos regme has wreaheo on me Iraq peopeThe population of Coa lition countries is approximately 1.23 billion people.Coalition countries have a combinedGDP of approximately$22 trillion.Every ma jor race, religion, ethnlcity in the world is represented.. The Coalition includes nations from every continent on the globe.

Afahanistan"The Muslim people of Afghanistan, who havesufferedmuch hardshipfmmdictatorial regimesofthe asttwo decades, want theelimination of despotism bythe iberated will of the people of Iraq ..The emergence of a united and independent Iraq, based on thewill of the people, will be helpful to peace and stability of the region and the world.""Statement by the Government, March20,2003


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Albania"We give unreserved supportto the efforts by the United States and weare proud to be alongsideour allies in the fight for liberationof iraqi people,.. and [Albania] s also proud to unconditionally offer ourairspsce, land and ports to the United States and Othercountries taking pan in the coalition against Iraq." -Albanian Pilme Minister Nano, March 211,21103Australia'T$e Gu,emment has dec oeo to comm t A s u a an forces toac ton 10 dsarm raq because we beleve f is ngnt t S lawful and t s nAis'raias lauona n'erest Ne are delerm ned 10 om other comtnes mcepnde Iraq of 9 Aeapons of mass jeStr-ciO 15cher ca an0 oo og ca weapons M c i ele n n m nule qualities are caaao e o'ca-sing deam anc o e st ~ c to r n a mamnOtnscale."Azerbalian

-Prim e Ministe r Howard, March20,2003' 6 an aave pancipant n tne -S- ed ntematona l anti terror coal tion ,n ell is forms and man W a to n s A z e m ,ansuppals me effortsof me internalona coaliton a med at me speeoiest resc d o n of the lrac cns s and ca s for respect for thepr ncp cs cf internatona %mantanan ,aw d m q ne imo'emen'atoi o f n e m'itary owraiion n raq Azerbatlan s expressing itsreadiness to take part in the humanitarian rehabilitation in post-conflict Iraq.'

-Statement b y he Ministry of Forelgn Altilrs, March 21,2003"Thedipiomabcchannel cannot go on forever, becauseotherwise nobody would pay attention to the UN...We must acknowledgethat the Government of Iraq isan elementofworid instability: -Fo reig n Min ister Saavedra, March 11,2003

raq ref-sed to d sann as wanted oy me ntematfonalcommunity and nence chose to face the sem-s conseqmc es Theweaponsol mass aesm iaion tnat raq possesses are a threat m peace ar d secLnty Tne wod0 community m s t co~nte rnis Wea lin a categorical manner"Colombia

-Pr ime Minisfar Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, March 19,2003W e a t f me m a Uon a ong with co~ mn es ~ c ns tne U S ,Span Eng and Many of mese peopes S L C ~ s CdomDianshate vlnslooem r sm and I e JS tney m ow Inat th s sco-rqe - errorsm - m ~ 3 lC made 10 en0 so malwe can Irve peaceftbiFellow countrymen: To request solidarity, we have to express solidarity." -President Uribe, March 20,2003Costa Rit a-- ~.'The mmerse ma only o l Ine n tematona community ned durng 12 years ana thio-gn 17 resol.nons ro mane me dcatorSado3mu s se n mm?y peacefu y A tn tne reso Jbons of I re Jnned A21 on5 BJId.ctators are not w in9 10 ~ndersiand

-President A b d Pachero, March 2 f . 2003Czech ReDubfic"The Government of the Czech Republic states with regret that the iraqi eadership has for so long bean failing o meet itsobiigations, .The Government of the Czech Republic views theoperation of coalition forces as the last usable means leading o thefulfillmentofth e relevantUN resolutions ..The Government of the Czech Republic reaffirms in this situation thatthe Czech ArmyNBCR battalion, deployed as pa no fthe Enduring Freedom operation, is ready to take part in emergency and humanitarian achvibesin case WMD are used or are suspected to be used against civi lian populations or coaltion forces, as well as to deal withconscquenws o f possible disasters in thearea of its deployment."S ta te m e n t b y he Government of the Czech Republic, March 20,20032


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&!@'If on every occasion we allow a ruthless dictator to go free, because we do not like war, we risk paying a very high price... That iswhy we must move into action. We cannot simply stand by and watch as a ruthless dictatorseriouslyand persistently Violates UNdecisions,' 'P ri m e Minister Rasmussm, MarchV ,2003Dominican ReDubllc"The Dominican Government sstanding beside the people and the Government of the United States in the present situation Ofwarwith Iraq ..No one wants war, no one anywhere n the world wants war, especially not in the United States, butwithin the frameworkof the policy of being a good neighbor, our closest friends are, precisely, the Government and people of the Unfted States.'.-Government Spokesman Gonzainz Fabra, March 20,200-Tne Government f El Sakaoor aments mat [he ne gme and dlmryanit,de of Sacbam nisse in has omugni war 10 t w people atrac In lnis regard me Godemmeniof E Salvadorcon'inuesm wov de its pol tcai an0 a pomabc S~ppon10me coallion neadedby me -nneo States and Great Bn a n as we Ias nscommrment o provaed ssec alzeo forces i o r w h I ostwar Iraq 'S ta te m e n t by the Government o f El Salvador, March 19, 2003'El Savador s g ~ n gpbmalic suppon (to the Un tea Slates) and aiso is wiling to g ve s-ppon n a post conflctphase m e n apossiblewa' s ode1 n -econslnJclonor oemn ng tasks a'wmcn we already nade experence'-Forefg n Min lslry Communrcations Director Cesar Martinez, March 19 , 2003QmThe decision taken by the Bush Administration tocomplete an unfinished ob isvery much welcome,.. The task is indeed one ofcomoletino an unfinished ob for the sake ofthe stability andsecurity ofthe Middle East and the em anent removal ofa seriousthreat without losing anotheropportunity, n this vein, ~ ri tr eaontinues tomaintain that the necessary measures must be takenwithout equivocation." S t a t e m e n t b y theGovernmmt otE ri lm , March 12 ,200'We understand he need for disarming Iraq. The world needs to be convinced that there are noweapons of mass destruction on Iraqi territory. This is important for world security. It s deeply regrettable hat Iraq did not make useof the opportunity, which existed, to solve the problem peacefully... Estonia is ready, based upon the needs of the situation and itsown capabilities, to help regulate the post-conflict situation and participate in the reconstructionof Iraq.'- Statemenf b y he Govern mmt of Estonia, March20,2003&g&'Saddam Hussein has weapons of mass destruction. As long assuch a regime exists, the wortd cannot live n peace.'-Pre sident Eduard Shevardnadze, March20,2003"Georgia, which is now a member of the international coalition for Iraq's disarmament, s ready to not only provide political support fothe US., but aiso to provide its military infrastructure o U.S. troops.'..Georgian Government Representative Shalva Pichkhadze, March 20, 2003@&!&"My government shares your concern over the persistenceof international actors who represent serious risks to peace andinternational security, as well as the need for the international communityto actdecistielyto confront those risks... t is an obligationfor ail governments and peoples of the world toac t in a concerted way to foresee, put down and, if possible, eradicate thisscourge.'-President Portiifo, March 17 , 2003


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- President Maduro, March 1 8 , 2 0 0 arr confoent mat peace soon be rernsiated n Iraq the weapons of mass destruct on M oe oes!myed and on me basis of thiswe sna oe aoa to 1 ve n a mo'e pe ac ef~ no tranqL.i mortj in f.11 ~ Imu aso lh6e to aaa inat H~nqa rvmu 'd De pleasedtopartic ipate n the reconstruction of Iraq." - .-Prime Minisler Peter Medgyessy, March 20,2003!&&'The United States now consMers ts security to be gravely endangered by the actions and attacks of terrorists and because ofvarious threats from countries governed by dictators and tyrants. 11believes that support from this small country makes adifference..The declaration issued bv the Icelandic Government on the Iran disoute saw that we intend to maintain the close coo~eration e.have had with our powerful ally in the WestFirs t of all, this involves flyover authorization or the Icelandic air control area. Secondly, the use of Keflavik Airport, if necessary. Inthird place, we will take part in the reconstructionof raq after the warends. Fourthly, we expressed political support for Resolution1441 being enforced after four months ofdeiavs.' -Prime Minis ter Oddsson, March 11 ,200Italy"The game is in play between hose who historically have been committed to the liberty of men and those who have transformed theicountry into a chamber of torture," -Prime Minis ter Site'o Balusconi, March 79 ,200-Froh e me of tne Terror staltacas on Am er w on September 1I 001, uml last years UN Reso i-Don 1441, !nee has oeen astrong consc.ousness of rne meat of weapons of mass leshchon noion y aga nst me Amercan peop e om a so aga nst the testof the world, including the Japanese people. How o rid the world of such weapons of mass destruction is now a major challenge forthe international community and will continue to be in the future. President Bush has said that the U S is seeking to disarm Iraq andto liberate the Iraqi people Iagree with that strategy. Japan, too, supports the policy course of President ~ush.'

-Prime Minis ter Koizuml, March 20 ,200'The Parliament of the Republic of Latuia has taken thedecision On the Support ofthe Implementaton ofthe UN Security CouncilResolution Nr 1441' pledging support to and readiness o join the effortsof the international coalition aiming at disarmamentof raq.We support the military forces of our coalition partners who, In risking heir lives, are averting threats to peace and internationalsecurity,' - Slatemenlof theM in is ty of Foreign Affairs. March 20 ,200'Lithuania's possible contributionto thesettlementofthe Iraq crisis will be not militarybut humanitarian participation, aimed atdealing with adverse consequences, by sending doctors, servicing staff and other specialists, as well as by participating ininternational pmgrarns aimed at helping he Iraq i peopfe, including food aid.'-President Ralandas Paksas, Latter to President GeorgeBush, March 19 ,200


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"As a peace-loving member of the community of democratic nations, Macedoniadid not want this war, but the regime of Hussein,despite the commitmentofthe internationalcommunity id not leaveany option but to be disarmed by force...iwould like o take thisopportunity toexpress the support of Macedonia, o the troopsofthe United States, the United Kingdom and other coalition forceswho have putthemselves n harm in order to accomplish he crucial taskof disarming the regime of Saddam Hussein and bringingdemocracyto the long-oppressed people of Iraq,' -Pres ident Trajhorahi, March 20,2003Mg&h"The iraai reaime has been hiahlv reluctantto molement thesuc cess~eesdutionsofthe United Nations Security Council and-w ao e to prove to n e conm miq mat it nas IJ ty destroyed us weapons of mass oestructon ~h.s t fa ed to fil y meetits obqauors v s-a-usme b n eo Naions Tn s IS where, as we see I,, ?s tne main reason for me emergence cf the cr ss s tuatmin the region." .Statement of the Mini st y of Foreign At%h, March IS,2003Netherlands"Peace isvulnerable That is shown when a regimechoosesfor years thepath ofthreat and tenor. The internationalcommunity mustthen patiently abide by international agreements end thus try to dispel the threat. That patience can be very greatbut not endless. Because then the basis of law and peace is itseifjeopardized. Saddam Hussein Is a grea tdanger o law andpeace. Virtually all thecountries n the world are in agreement on that.. he takes no notice ofthe agreements which the internationacommunity has made time after time with him...Hence the Netherlandsgivespolitical support to the action against Saddam Husseinwhich has been started, ,The action is now getting under way. But, hopefully, a time wi livery quickly come when the weapons willfall silent. Then we will have to do everything n our power to help the people in Iraq with their country's reconstruction."P r i m e Minister Jan Peter Balhenende, March 10,21103"My government understands your decision togrant to the Iraqi people the chance o enjoy democracy, peace and respect for humanrights: Pr es id en t Mwcoso, March (7,2003PeruThe measures being adopted by the United States Governmentare legitimate and legal, since the Iraqi Government has not beenable to prove itsdestruction of weapons of massdestruction." -Foreign Min isla r Wagner, March 18, 2003

Tn e Pn ppnes s panof inecoal i o n of the wl in g We are gvmg pol teal and moral supponforacrons 10 no raqO ' W ~ P O ~ S Omass des tict on h e are pan of a om-stanoiiq secniy a arce We are part of me gm a coa lron against terrorism *. Resid ent Gloria MacapagaiArroyo, March 19.2003Philippines, continued"We share deeply the values being fought for over iraq, no less than thevaluesof freedom and civilization...We reject the notion thathe Philippines should sit on the fenceand do nothing in the face of the crisis in iraq."

-Foreign Secretary Opte, March 18,2110p&!g"We are ready to use a Polish contingent in the inte rnationalcoalitiono contribute to making iraq comply with theU.N. re~ olut ion ~..k c ie a r th a t he problem ofexisting weapons of massdestruction n Iraq is a fact.'

-President Kwasniewshi, Man* 17, 200


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The respons b iry fa1s exc m e on tne raqi reg me and itsobst nacy n not co mo iyy w. te reso JtCTs of the J n ed Nat onsfor 'he ast 12 years Onm s a ffcdlt hodr. Po Loa reaffirms Is SJDWFIm his A Ies vnth wnom I hares me va ues of Lbe* andDemocracy, and hopes that this operation will beas short as and that it will accomplish ail its objectives,"-Prime Minis terJose Manuel Durso Barnso, March 20.2003"We have already made a decision, The decision made by us is valid, it is in effect we have responded to a demand Coming fromthe United States and this does not mean that we get involved n a military conflict butthe assistance which we grant toour allies.'

Pr es id en t Ion lliescu, March 19,200'Romania has interests and responsibiiities in Iraq. We intend o bring our contribution o providing human assistance and to thereconstruction process in this country, including the reconstruction of the Iraqi society, economy and democracy."

-Prime Minister Nastase, March 17,200

Theshould act when they are right to act because the Security Council can be wrong. i t was wrong in Rwanda ..You might avoidwar and have a worsesituation.. That is why I was giving a comparison with our case. People avoided a war or doing very muchand i t ended up with a genocide." -Presid ent Paul Kagame, March I, 200w e3 gacore is a memcer of the coa oon foi me mrned ale d sarnamem of Iraq' S ngapore has a memoranom of understandingw n re whim was sianeo n 1990 ftnereby we alow US arcraftmove r fly S naapore and MS a ow JS m naw assers, snips andaircraft o call at ~ i n a a w i.. it is a matter of arave concern that the Irani necDie do not suffer, and if anv measurescanbe taken to. .alleviate their suffering, Singapore will do i ts part." -Deputy PrimeMinister Tony Ta&@a"In Iraq today one has to prevent further threats or mankind, loensure more hope for peace and to terminate the deathcult at thestage when i t can stil l be stopped.... Thus ourgovemmenthas been standing side by side with the United States."

-Prime Minister Dzurinda, March 20,20South Korea'Just a short while ago, I called a meeting of the National Security Council and reaffirmed the position of our Government o supportthe measure taken bv the international community, [ncludina he United States. At a time when diplomaticeffortshave failed toreso ue l i e Iraqi provlem peacefu y :De eve that me aclon is nevnable m o-iickly remove weaoons of na ss destruction Koreanster'd lo jum forcfis Anen tmrgs ge, :o..gn T ie cialenges iyn g oefore us ma) ce 10-gn, L t ie hade ampe polenta lo tacnie them:

-President Roh, March 20,2003&aJWght up until he end, the Iraqi regime defied internationallawby ignoring Its obligations o disa m... itthrew away its last chance...With a full sense of our responsibilities, he government of this nationsupports he re-establishment of international law so thatwnditionsfor peace and security prevail ' -Pr es iden t Jose Marla Aznar, March 20,2003


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Turkey-YOJ snould know inattne factthat w opened T~rtey'sairspaceo US .is a.mea atproiect'ng o-rstate s rea lm s MIA k a.AS.adapiirq measuresm ens-ireo~r et-rly against pssib' eoev ebpm nis Dr nq.nq aDoA a speeoq enc 10 tne war, nsmuting postwarpeace, protecting Iraq's integrity, and averting acts of provocation hat will affect the entire region as well as our county."-Prim e Min iste f Rec Taw 'p Erdogan, March 21,2003

'The cabinet sitting underthe chairmanship of HEYoweri Museveni, the presidentof Uganda, on 21 March2003, decidedto supportthe US-led coalition to disarm Iraq by force. The cabinet also decided that if need arises, Uganda will assist in any way possible."-Minis ter of Fcfeign Affairs James Wapakhabulo, March 2 4 , 2W3United Kingdom"If the only means of achieving the disarmament of Iraq of weaponsof mass destruction is the removal of the regime, then theremoval of the regime has to beour objective. It is important hatwe realize mat we have come to this position because we havegiven every opportunity for Saddam voluntarily to disarm, thatthe wi il- not ust o fthis country but of the United Nations -now has tobe upheld -Prime Minister Tony Blair, March 20,2W13ggggw" . . it is necessary to bear in mind that the Iraqi regime repeatedly rejected opportunities afforded it by the numerous resolutionsadopted by the Security Council to disarm peacefully and avoid the sufferingof ts people.'- Communiqud by the Government, March 20 , 2003'We unamb miu sli s uc wt th e Dosltlonof the United States to resohe the ran ~ m b k m.. f this aenie is l ei out of the bollle, itwon?oe poss D.e 10DUIo m f s necessary totane the mo stca or~ atffl measure's o mafie %re tnaitne gen e snl o ~ t o f m eborle Tre gobal co m m n v nas no 'qhl lo pay aim 17 s sTtalon for ti e sake of 11sfiinlrt* 8 be w e me . nas gr o m s for thesiance I has ass-men, an0 lherebre raoca. measures need13 be tagen ' P re si d en t Islam Karimov, March 7 2W 3


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Statements of SupportAustralia... Prim e Minister Jo hn H oward said he would comm it 2.000 military oersonnel to.join in a war against Iraq. ... This government has taken a decision which itgenuinely believes is in th e medium- a nd lon ger-term interests of this coun try."Howard said. (source: AP 3/18)Germany (CDU/CSU Opposition Parties)~ n l i k e ~ c h r e r ,c r m a n i s ajor opposition panics cndors:d the course set by Rush"W e regret t ha t the use of military force ka s become mo re likely a nd that t he U.N.sec urity C ouncil was un able to reach a unified position on th e &estion ofcompletely an d unconditionally disarm ing Iraa . even though it unanimouslydet erm ined th a t a th re at to wohd peace existed," a statement said. The statement waspassed on Tuesday with only four negative votes by the combined parliamentary groupsof the Christian Democratic Union and its Bavarian sister party, the Christian SocialUnion. (source: Deutsche Welle 3/19)&Foreign Minister Fran co Frattini, in a newspa per interview to be publishedTuesdav. said that the ~ ov er nm en t ould a sk Par l iament to endorse "the minimumbase of logistical support, in particular, th e use of bases and flying through a irspa ce." Frattini. interviewed by the daily I1Riformista, said Italy made it clear early on

. .provide a legal basis" of forced disarmamen t of Iraq, Frattini said, according to interviewexcerpts released Mon day niaht. "But because Italy's comm itment toward peace has beentraditionally distinguished by its capacity to contribute to peacekeeping op&ations."(source: AP 3/17)JmPrime Minister Ju nichiro Koizumi said Japan supports the US position on Iraq andbelieves the use of force can be justified by existing UN esolutions, although there is stilla chance for peace. "President Bush ha s ma de various efforts to gain internationalcooperation." Koizum i told renorters. "Amid such efforts. I believe it w as a nuna toid ahle decision," he ,said. rcrem ni; 10 President George W. Rush's ultlmarum forIraqi leader Saddam Husscin to flee his country in 48 hours or face an invasion. "Isup po rt th e US stance," he said. The prime minister said hope of apeacefu l end to thecrisis is not dead but depends on Saddam Hussein. "Although ext rem ely limited, Ibelieve peaceful solutions ca n still be found. Bu t it is solely up to the gove rnme nt ofIr a q an d President Hussein," Koizumi said. (source; AFX 3/18)h aSeoul's Foreign Ministry said the country supp orts "US.-led international e fforts toresolve th e Ir aq i issue." South Korea, a key U.S. ally in A si a also re aff irm ed its plan


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to send hu nd reds of military engineers to heln t he United Sta tes if its ally eoes tow ar with Iraq. I t urged Ira q to fulfill i ts obligation to disarm "promptly andcompletely." "We know erow inevo ices aeainst war. but wewill disoatch some 500-m y ngineers to suppon a C.S -led war on Iraq." a senio r min istry official to:d UnitedPress Intc-rnattonal on condition ofanonymity . (iource : LIP1 3 18 )

Similar om-US SUP DO^^ was voiced in neiriibourine Latvia. which alone with Lithuania-and eight o ther eastern European countries last mon th signed a declaration lining upbehind Washingion "The diplomatic me am to reach the disarm am ent of Iraq a realmost exhausted," the Latvian foreitf ministry said , adding that Kaghdad was onlyoffering some cooperation hccauseof the larg e military build-up in the Persian Gulf.I a t \ u urges the L ti Sec mt! Council and inrernatior.al comniunity to preserve unityand put maxim il pressure on S3JJ.m Ilusscin'i regim e It is the onl\ rem'iininaopportunity to disarm Iraq by peaceful means," it said in a statement. (Source: -AFP 3/17)LithuaniaWe a rc f or a diplom atic solution of the crisis, hu t if needed we hal oliticallysu pp on the I 'nitt 'd States usi ng oth er means." Lithuanian Defence Min ister LinnxLinkevicius told r epo rters a fter the country's defence council met. "It is clear that thescope for a peaceful dialogue is dim inishing," he said, after the m eeting of the council,which g roups the president, prime minister, parliamentary speaker, defence minister andhead of the army. (Source: AFP 3/17)Philippines~h ili pp in es for eig n ffairs undersecretary L au m Baja said Manila was among the 30countries that have openly backed Wash ington ....Baia. who is re~resentine h i l i~ ~ in e s. ..Fore ign Minis te r ~ l a s i l e ,ai d M an ila "perceives th er e is a failure of th e UN oact." "O ur national interest also dictates tha t we support a method which will reallydisarm Iraq an d perha ps promote a safer an d mo re stable Middle East region wherewe have 1.5 million workers," he said.Polish President A leksander Kwasniewski said late on Mond ay he had agreed tosend up to 200 Polish so ldiers to I ra q to join a posihle-US-led camp aign to d issarmSadd am Hussein. "We a re prepared to use he Polish military continent to forceIra q to respect UN Secu rity Cou ncil resolutio n 1441,"Kwasniewski told a joint newsconference with Prime Minister Leszek Miller. He said the Polish troops would wouldlend logistical support to US forces in Iraq in the region for a oeriod limited from March1'4 1.) September 15, he said .. Kwasniewski's anno am em em , which came following ameering with his pnme minister, came shonly beforea speech to the nation by L'SPresident George W. Bush on Iraq. (source: AFP 3/18)RomaniaIra qi leader Sadd am H usayn will have to choose between aband onin g power a ndfully complying with Resolution 1441 of th e UN Security Council, o r facing a wa r,


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Rom anian head of state Ion Iliescu sa id in Oltenita, southern Romania, on Monday 17March.Iliescu minted out that talks withinUN Security Council on the crisis on Iraa w ould beconcluded on Monday or Tuesday, waiting for "he moment of truth". ~ s k e d w h e th e rRom ania would still suo m rt a military intervention in Iraa in the absence of a second UN-resolution, Iliescu answered that the issue w as no t about actual support: "It's no t aboutsupporting an intervention as we don't even have the m eans to do it, it's about meetingcertain obligations as allies."T o this end, said Iliescu, Roma nia ha s opened its airspace to ally planes, prov idedthe ally troops with g roun d logistics suppo rt, and contributed post-conflict and non-combatant military troo ps for hum anita rian m issions. (Source: Rompres newsagency, Bucharest, in English 3/17, as m onitored by the BBC)

Taiwan supports US'S call on Iraq President Sad dam H ussein to eo into exile within 48hours to avert a war, hut offered its air space to US m ilitary plan& should war becom einevitable, foreign ministry officials said. (Foreign ) Min istry spoke sma n R ichard Shihsaid Taiwan hope s "Iraq would swiftly destroy their weapons of mass destruction inabiding by the United Nations 1441Resolution, an d Sa dda m would leave hiscountw in 48 hou rs if he is to av er t war." US President George W Bush has eivenSaddam 48 hours to flee his country or face a US-led invasion. Taiwan also reiterated itssupport of US anii-terrorism efforts. "The refore US m ilitary a irc raf t could fly fromJap an through Taiwan's two air routes - one called A-1 t o the west ofTa iwa n andthe other G581 to the east -- en rou te to Southeast Asia and the M iddle East."defense ministry spo kesm an Hua ng Suey-sheng told reporters. He said a specialdefense ministry task force is on stand by in case war should start, (source: AFX 3/18)


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United in FreedomThe brutal attacks of September 11th 2001 were not just against famous buildings.The terrorists targeted the American people and our way of life. And the peopleresponded with courage, generosity and power.Citizens rescued victims in the burning World Trade Center and the PentagonThey gave food, clothes, blood and said prayers for the distressed- and sangAmerica the Beautiful and waved Hags everywhere. Hundreds of braveNew York C ~ Nire and policemen lost their lives trying to save others. Ourheroes in the military helped oust the Taliban regime and their terrorist alliesin Afghanistan.

Our military must transforminto a more agile and rapid force, d&troying enemieswho threaten us around the world.President Bush has said that "out o ft he o i l done to our nation is going to comesome good." Last September, as we helped each neighbor in need, our nation grewstronger. With many acts of kindness and decency, the American people showedvalor and heart. From goodness, came greatness.We at die Pentagon witnessed this blessing first-hand. After the attacks ofSeptember l l r h , cards, gifts and best wishes poured in to our damaged building.This lifted our spirits and hclped make us well again. We are grateful for all thathas been done - by troops, families, churches, businesses and the rest - orour wonderful nation.

' A l l over the wo rld, people lot~fior liberty, dem ocracy, t a l m w e m da future without/ear. A n d that's why we'llprevail. "Secretary DonaldH. umsfeldAugust 27,2002


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Office ofPentagon Briefing public AffairsSeptember 11,2002Observance of 9-

United by the memory of September11's heroes andvictims, we are a nationdetermined to winthe war aqainst terrorism.P More than 3,000 people died in the September 11 attacks. They came from morethan 80 different nations, and from many different races and religions.

Approximately 2,000 children lost a parent on September 11.. 184 people died and 146 children lost a parent in the Pentagon attacks.. 43 firefighters and paramedics, and 60 police officers perished at the WorldTrade Center. One business alone lost more than 700 employees, leaving atleast 50 pregnant widows.Tne J S responaea to the September 11 attaccs witn commitment ana action toroot O J ~ na punisn terrorists dnd those who harbor facil 'ale and finance them

The war against terrorism will be unconventiona broad and s-stained It nasm tary lega fnancial and diplomatic dimensionsThe war against terrorism is fought not only by the United States, but also by acoalition of nations offering a variety of assistance.Coalition forces in Afghanistan have:

Driven the Taliban from power, allowing the establishment of a transitionalgovernment.Captured hundreds of detainees, who are providing valuable intelligenceabout a1 Qaeda.Created the conditions that allowed schools and hospitals o re-open.Facilitated he drop of 2.4 million humanitarian food rations into Afghanistan


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Terrorist states, weapons o f mass destruction and terrorist amups areconverainq to form a deadly threat- pre-emption or orevenfive defense aaainstterrorism is sirnplv self-defense.9 The only successful defense against terrorism is a good offense.

As the President said at West Point in June: "We cannot defend America andour friends bv hooina for the best. We cannot out our faith in the words of tyrantswho soemn y s gn n-onproliferation reaties and then systematically break themIf we wa I for tnreats to f ~ l l v aterialize we w I1have wa tea loo long the war onterror will not be won on the defensive. We must take the battle to the enemy... nthe world we have entered, the only path to safety is the path of action."We must not wait until there is another Pearl Harbor before we defend ourselves,and our friends and allies.If we know that rogue states or groups have weapons that could kill hundreds ofthousands of people, it doesn't make sense to wait until they use them.. A growing number of countries are investing enormous sums to developweapons of mass destruction and the missiles to deliver them.

Hostile powers will soon have the ability to strike U.S. cities with nuclear,chemical and biological weapons.They will have the power to hold us hostage to blackmail and terror.

> Today's greatest threat comes from the nexus between terrorist groups and statesthat are pursuing weapons of mass destruction.These are comtrtes that have records of being active in the development ofw e n f mass destr~ct nThese countries have indicated their willingness to kill their own people- andthousands of innocent men, women and children through acts of terrorism.- Iran supports Middle East terrorist groups that have killed thousands ofpeople, and has robust Droarams to develop chemical and nuclear weapons,andlong and mid-range mi&4les

Iraq used cnemtcal weapons against Iran during the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq warana qasseo its own ctlizens in 1988. killina thousands of nnocent K~rdtShmen.women and ch dren Iraq a so harbors and provioes bases ofoperations for at least four international errorist organizations. Syria, which supports Hamas, Hezbollah, and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, hasa robust chemical warfare program and the ability to deliver chemical agentson SCUD missiles and artillery shells,


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> Much of the equipment used to make and deliver WMD is commercially availablefrom a large number of sources. It is difficult to track dual-use technoloav and stop itfrom falling into the wrong hands. The manufacturingequipment also tends to besmall and portable.International reaties, multilateral export control regimes,U.S. xport controls andsecurity assistance o other countries have limited effect on countries like Iran,Iraq and Libya that violate their treaty obligations with impunity.The world has already witnessed the use of chemical and biological agents byterrorist organizations:

The Japanese group Aum Shinriko produced Sarin nerve gas for its attack inthe Tokyo subway in a bathroom. Their production complex operated in plainview, but looked like a common warehouse from the outside.The Rajneeshees- cult followers of a self-proclaimed guru exiled from India- poisoned a salad bar with salmonella in Oregon in 1984.Hamas is working with poisons and chemicals in an effort to coat suicidebomb fragments.

The U.S.military must transform to meet 21st century, asymmetric threats.> Our challenge in this new century is to prepare to defend our nation against theunknown, the uncertain and the unexpected. To win the war on terror and preparefor future threats, we must transform the U S military to become more lethal, agileand prepared or surprise.

in Afghanistan, we've already had a glimpse of the future: Special Forces onhorseback calling in targets on satellite phones to 40-year-old planes outfittedwith 21stcentury precision bombs.But transformation was underway even before the war against terrorism.

Last year, the Quadrennial Defense Review outlined the goal of aligning DoDwith 21 " Century threats.Our conclusion, We can p r e d i c t mwe will be threatened, but notnecessarily *will threaten us.- We need to defend ourselves against those threats, no matter where theycome from.

P Transformation requires innovation, creative thinking and risk-taking.It's about more than new weapons systems and programs: it's about newbusiness practices, more effective technology and people with new ways ofthinking.

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We need to change not only the capabilities at our disposal, but also how Wethink about war.- All the high-tech weapons in the world will not transformU S . armed forcesunless we also transform the wavwe think, the wav we train, the way weexercise and the way we fight.. To usher in the new, we must part with the old - hat means accepting changethat not everyone is comfortable with.Our defense strategy and force structure must be focused on achieving sixtransformationalgoals:

First, to protect the U S . homeland and our bases overseas.. Second, to project and sustain power in distant theaters.Third, to deny our enemies sanctuary, making sure they know that no cornerof the world is remote enough, no mountain high enough, no cave or bunkerdeep enough, no SUV fast enough to protect them from our reach.Fourth, to protect our information networks from attack.Fifth, to use information echnology to link up different kinds of U.S. forces sothat they can in fact fight jointly.And sixth, to maintain unhindered access to space and protect our spacecapabilities rom enemy attack.


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Third, to deny our enemies sanctuary, making sure they kno w that nocomer of the world is remote enough, no mountain high enough, nocave or bunker deep enough, no SUV fast enough to protect them fromour reach.Fourth, to protect our information networks from attackFifth, to use information technology to link up d ifferent kinds of U Sforces so that they can in fact fightjointly.And sixth, to maintain unhindered access to space and protect our spacecapab ilities from enemy attack.


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W ha t can you tell us about the September 11 observance ceremony a t the Pentagon?The Pentagon will hold a ceremony on the morning of September 11 that willfeature remarks bv the President. Secretary o f Defense and Chairman o f theJoint Chiefs. A moment of silence will beh eld at 9:37 AM, and the flag thatflew -from the burnine Pentagon will be unfurled. Victims' families. firstu -responders, Pentagon employees and other groups will be in attendance.

How has America changed since Septem ber 11, and w hat have we learned aboutAm ericans since the at tacks?The m ain thine we have learned about America and Americans is that theterrorists were wrong. They thought their attacks would expose us as soft,mo iled decadent and divided. Instead. Americans have become united.comm itted, patriotic and determined to stand and fight terrorism to preserveour free way o f life.

How b as the mil i tary changed since Septembe r I l ?As we painfully learned on September 1 th, the challenges of a new centuryare not nearly as predictable as they were during the Cold War. In the yearsahead, it is likely that we will be surprised by new adversaries who strike inunexpected ways. We must be prepared for these new, asym metric threats.We must not only win today's w ar against terrorism, we must prepare fortomorrow's thre&. We need forcesand capabilities that adapt toun exp ecte dand dynamic circumstances. We mus t invest in new technology and betterweapons, but we must also change the military culture to encourageinnovation. That process is called transfonna'lion.Preparing for the future will require us to think differently and develop thekinds of forces and capabilities that can adapt quickly to new cha llenges andto unexpected circumstances. An ability to adapt will be critical in a worldwhere surprise and uncertainty are the defining characteristics of our newsecurity environment.Our challenge in this new cen tury is a difficult one. It's really to prepare to. . .defend our nation against the unknown, the uncertain and the unexpected.That may seem on the face of it an impossible task, but it is not. Toacco m~ i i s ht. we have to out aside the comfortable w avs of thinking and.planning, take risks and try new things s o that we can prepare our forces todeter and defeat adversaries that have not yet emerged to challenge us.

How safe should Am erica ns feel in their communities a nd when they travel?

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Am ericans must remain vigilant. because another attack could occur at anytime, and most likely, it will. How ever, our airports and other high-profilepublic spaces are much safer than tbev were before September 11. And wehave taken action that has put terrorists on the run, making it harder for themto comm unicate and organize attacks.W ha t evidence d o you have that Ira q h as wea pons of mass destruction?

We know that Iraq is a lot closer than any of the experts had estimated theywould he with respect to a nuclear weapon w hen inspectors were there in1991. We don't know what's taken d a c e since then. but we do know that theyhave kept their nuclear scientists working together. We know that since theend of the Cold W ar, weapons technologies have been pervasive, and that Iraqhas porous borders. We also kno w that Saddam Hussein has an enormousappetite for acquiring weapons of mass destruction, and that he supportsterrorism, threatens his neighbors and has used w eapons o f mass destructionagainst his own people.W hy the urgency with regard to Iraq?. We can sav with confidence that with regard to Iraa's develovment o fchemical, biological and nuclear weapons, things have gotten worse for Iraq'sneighbors and our allies instead o f better. We kn ow that their weavonscapabilities are getting more mature, robust, lethal and able to travel greaterdistances.How is the policy of pre-emp tion justified?

As the P resident and Vice President have said, the consequences o f inactionagainst Saddam Hussein far outweigh the consequences of some pre-emptivestrike. If you think about the penalty fo r not acting is an event like September11 or Pearl H arbor, where thousands o f people have been killed - that is avery serious thing. The penalty for not acting in the future may be an attack inwhich hundreds of thousands of m o n k are killed with bioloeical. chemical or. .nuclear weapons.

Is the U S . prepared to act unilaterally against Ira q?The President has made no decision to take action against Iraq. And if thePresident decides to act. he will decide w hat tvne of action will he taken. Asyou know, the President is consulting with our allies, recently receiving thesupport of Great Britain H e will also continue to make the case against Iraqto the United Nations.

Shouldn ' t we give I raq an oppor tuni ty to agree to U N inspections?

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Iraq has had 10 years to comply with UN inspections. Saddam Hussein knowshow to play the UN inspection process for maximu m public relations gain whiledenying the world the types of inspections necessary to reassure us that Iraq is notviolating UN resolutions. We know tha t Saddam Hussein has shown noinclination to abide by any international agreemen ts with regard to w eaponsdevelopment.Won't action against Iraq create more instabili ty in the Middle East?

If anything, Saddam Hussein is a cause of instability in the region. He has show nbelligerence toward his neighbors. He invaded Kuw ait. He fought a 10-ye ar warwith Iran, and he has revealed his am bition to control a significant portion of theworld's oil supply.How significant is the division on I ra q between different memb ers of theAdm inistration and between De fen seD epa rtm ent uniformed and civilian officials?

In the end, the President will make a final decision with regard to Iraq. In themean time, there is a hea lthy debate, but that debate is best characterized bydifferences in perspective. There is no dispute over the facts or the need for som ekind of action.

Does the US. military have the resources i t needs to launch a ma jor regionaloperation against Iraq?That question assumes a certain type o f operation against Iraq. In the G ulf War,there was a long build-up and massing o f troops and equipmen t. We may nothave that luxury the next time around. But o thertha n saying that the US. ilitaryis ready to carry out any m ission called fo r by the President, it wou ld beinappropriate to characterize what any military action against Iraq w ould looklike.

W hat i s your take on the situation in th e Middle East?We have all been horrified by the scenes o f suffering and carnage we arewitnessing in the Middle East. Private citizens and public officials, Christians,Jews and Muslim s, and President Bush recognize that hatred of Israel and murderof innocents-" both sides-must end .The peop le of Palestine and their leaders m ust also recognize that terroristbombers are the single greatest obstacle to ending their suffering. Peace in theMiddle East is the only w ay to end the suffering of Palestinians and Israelis,Arabs and Jews. A s President Bush has said, the bombers are not martyrs-Theyare murderers,Those who fill the minds of ch ildren with hate, who use the bod ies of children asweapons, who exploit the deaths of the you ng to further their own power have astheir goal the destruction of pe ac e and freedom.


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Today the terrible suffering on both sides is the real price of war. President Bushhas said Israel faces hard choices of its own. The United States recognizes, as dothe people o f Israel, that hard decisions must be made by both sides to achieve alasting peace. Peace ha s a political price, b ut it is a price to be paid at thenegotiating table, not a t the threat of bombs.W here i s Osama bin Laden, an d do you th in k we'll ever capture h im?

Osama bin Laden could be in Afghanistan; he could be somewh ere else. Hecould be alive; he could be dead. Th e fact is we don't know where he is, but if heis alive, we'll find im. As the President likes to say, we are a patient country.The w ar against terrorism is about more than just one person. Al Qaeda operatesin more than 60 co un ties around the world. The war against terrorism is aboutfinding these terrorists, rooting them out and bringing them to justice.

How long wil l the w a r on terrorism last. an d how wil l we know when we've won?We will pursue the terrorists for as long as it takes. It may take years.We w ill win the w ar against terrorism when terrorists are no lonaer free to operateand threaten free people and when nations recog nize that the price of harboringand supporting terrorists is too high.

W here will the next military ope ration take place?That is up to the President and the Secretary of Defense to decide. We can'tdiscuss future operations, but we have said repeatedly that we are not rulinganything out, and that wc will take the fight to the terrorists wherever they maybe.

How docs the Defense De partm ent explain civilian casualties incu rred d ur ingOpera tion E ndur ing Freedom?Every civilian casualty is a tragedy, and w e regret the civilian casualties that havetaken place in Afghanistan.Remember that Osam a bin Laden and the a1 Qaeda spent months or perhaps yearsplanning to attack and massacre thousands of innocent civilians on Scptcmber 11~ --- innocent civilians, men, women, y oung p eople, from 80different countries.Every civilian casualty, every person wh o dies in that country, civilian or military,is the result of al Qaeda and Taliban.No nation on earth invests the amount o f time, funding and technology to developprecision weapons that minimize civilian casualties.


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W hat d id President Bush mean when he cal led Iran, Ir aq a nd North Ko rea an "axisof evil?"

President Bush was very clear during his Slate of the U nion Address that these arecountries that are developing weapons of mass destruction and have shownhostility toward the U nited States.Iraq, in particular, has sho wn n o hesitation in threatening or blackmailing itsneighbors, and is known to harbor terrorists.Th e President is very concerned, as is the Defense D epartment, about any nationthat facilitates, finances and provides sanctuary for terrorists.

W ha t does t he U.S. hop e to accomplish in Yemen, Georgia an d the Philippines?It is important that we continue ui deny ianctu-xy to ten-on- As ten-unsts aredcfeaicd in Afghani,tan, ihev ma\ blend into c it ~ cs . r tlce to the mountaini. or. .make their way to other cou ntries.The U.S. m ust work with nations like Yemen to prevent the creation of a newsanctuary for terrorists.A U.S. military advance team is in Yemen to lay plans for U S orces to trainlocal troops to com bat terrorism.Several hundred Am ericans are training local forces in the Philippines to fight theAbu S ayyaf rebels.A small U.S. military advance team is in the former Soviet republic of G eorgia;where U.S. troops m ay soon be training local forces, but no final decision hasbeen made. We value our militm-to-militarv relationshm with Georeia. whichclearly predates September 1 th. And we have always been and remaincomm itted to their efforts to improve the ir internal security,

Wh y does the US. esist cal ling the detainees in Cu ba P OW s?. he U nited States respects the principles o f the Geneva C onvention, but Talibandetainees do not meet the requirements fo r PO W status.. he Taliban have not distinguished themselves from civilians in Afghanistan, andthey supported the unlawful objectives o f the terrorist al Qaeda network.

. As a result, the detainees will not receive:V Access to a can teen to purchase food, soap, and tobacco.' A monthly advance of pay.' The ability to have and consult personal financial accounts


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v The ability to receive scientific equipment, musical instruments, or sportsoutfitsHowever, the detainees are receivino humane treatment. Thev have warmshowers, clothes, blankets, culturally appropriate meals, the right to worship andare receiving medical treatment.

Will the detainees b e tried by military commissions?The President will decide on a case-by-case basis w hether a detainee will bereturned to his country of origin, tried in a court of law, or come before a militarycommission.Military commissions are one of the tools ofjustice in the U S rsenal.Comm issions a llow fast and fair trials while protecting intelligence informationand protecting those wh o judge the terrorists.

W ha t is " transformation" and why is i t im por tan t?We must not only win today's war against terrorism, w e must prepare fortomorrow's threats. We need forces and capabilities that adapt to unexpected anddynamic circumstances. We must invest in new technology and better weapons,but we must also change the military culture to encourage innovation. Thatprocess is called transformation.Preparing for the future will require us to think differently and develop the kindsof forces and capabilities that can adapt quickly to new challenges and tounexpected circumstances. A n ability to adap t will be critical in a world wheresurprise and uncertainty are the defin ing characteristics of o w new securityenvironment.As we painfully learned on September 1 lth, the challenges of a new century arenot nearly as predictable a s they were during the Cold War, In the years ahead, itis likely that we will be surprised by new adversaries who strike in unexpectedways. We must be prepared for these new, asymm etric threats.O w challenge in this new centurv is a difficult one. It's reallv to Drevare to. . .defend o w nation against the unknown, the uncertain and the unexpected. Thatmay seem on the face of it an impossible task, but it is not. But to accomplish it,we have to put aside the comfortable w ays of thinking and planning, take risksand try new things so that we can prepare our forces to deter and defeatadversaries that have not yet e m e r k d t o challenge us.

W hy does the Departmen t of Defense need such a large budget increase fo r 2003?The President's budget provides the funding we need to fight the war againstterrorism, provide for hom eland defense and accelerate changes to transform theU.S. military,


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The budget is an investment that addresses the primary responsibilities for theDepartment of Defense: to protect our nation and invest tax dollars wisely.The United States needs solid intelligence, high-tech tools, the abilities to projectforce over long distances, hunt down hidden enemies, and, most important, attractwell-trained and motivated people.The Pre siden t's budget provides resources for precision-guided munitions,unmanned vehicles and defenses against missiles and other asymmetric threats.It will also help DoD manage the department in a more business-like manner, andstreamline and retire costly programs that don't work.The budget also includes a pay raise and quality of life improvements for the menand wom en in uniform w ho voluntarily put their lives at risk.


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Talking Points for September 11, 20039/10/03CoreMessages

bringing ustice to the victims of terrorism and preventing future attacks.

. The war against terrorism will continue until the job is done: victory will requirepatience, determination and sacrifice.United in memo ry of those lost on September 11, 2001, America is resolute inbringing justice to the victims of terrorism and preventing future attacks.. More than 3,000 people died in the September 11 attacks. They came from more than80 different nations, and from many different races and religions.

Approximately 2,000 children lost a parent on September 11.184 people died and 146 children lost a parent in the Pentagon attacks.

> 343 firefighters and paramedics, and 60 police officers perished at the World TradeCenter. One business alone lost more than 700 employees, leaving at least 50pregnant widows. With the terrorist attacks of September 11, the United States and its allies were drawninto a war they did not seek against an enemy determined o impose fear upon the freepeople of the world.With the help of 90 nations, the United States continues o pursue terrorists using everyresource available, including its financial, diplomatic, intelligence, aw enforcement andmilitary capabilities.

The wa rag ainst terrorism will continue until the ob is done: victory will requirepatience, determination and sacrifice.. Since September 11, 2001, sianificant oroaress has been made in the war againstterrorism Terror st networks have been disrupted, their common cations an fdndinghave oeen cmai ed, 1ne.r safe havens destroyed and many of me r leaders an0members captured or killed.. According to a CIA reoort: "Two vears after the Seotember 11th attacks, al Qaeda'scentral leadership s reemg fromtne impact of the counterterroristsuccesses of theU S an0 Ovf ades The central leadershio of al Qaeoa .sat orow no risk of bread no-span, as our blows aga nsl t^ie group create a level of dsarray ana conf~s iontnroi-ghoul the organization that we nave not seen Since the co.laose of t i e Tal-ban nlate 2001"


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Coalition forces have removed terrorist regimes from power in Afghanistan and Iraq.In Afghanistan, the US. and Coalition drove the Taliban from power, denying terroristsa safe haven for training, financing and planning future attacks.In Iraq, Saddam Hussein's murderous regime has been driven from power- globalterrorists have lost a safe haven and major source of funding and potential weaponscapabilities.In Afghanistan and Iraq, battles against the remnants of former terrorist regimescontinue and will go on for some time. The effort will be long and difficult, but the U.S.and its Coalition partners will prevail.

A secure, stable and ree Iraq is central to winning the global war against terrorism.The State Department isted Saddam Hussein's Iraq as one of 7 state sponsors ofterrorism- Iraq provided weapons, training, safe haven and financial support to terrorist groupsincluding Ansar al-Islam, Hamas, Palestine Islamic Jihad, and Abu Nidal.The former regime sponsored error, possessed and used weapons of massdestruction, and for 12 years defied the demands of the United Nations SecurityCouncil. The Coalition enforced these international demands in one of the swiftest andmost humane military campaigns in history.- The U.S. and Coalition forces in Iraqcontinue to battle oreign terrorists and Ba'athistcells in operations such as Sidewinder, Peninsula Shield and Soda Mountain.. The Iraqi people are working alongside U.S. and Coalition orces to fight terror in theircountry.The Iraqi people understand hat a democratic Iraq in the heart of the Middle East wouldbe a further defeat for the terrorists' ideology of terror.

It's not just a matter of fighting a global war on terrorism militarily. It's a matter ofhaving a policy that aims to change the way a people look at the world. If theCoalition is successful n Iraq, it presents a unique opportunity for the whole region.> The Middle East will either become a place of progress and peace, or it will be anexporter of violence and terror that takes more lives in America and in other freenations.The triumph of democracy and tolerance in Iraq, in Afghanistan and beyond would be agrave setback for international errorism. Everywhere hat freedom takes hold, terror willretreat.This undertaking s difficult and costly, but critical to U.S. security. If the U.S. fails todefeat terrorists in Iraq, the next battlefield could be on American soil.


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Remembering the Second Anniversary of the Terrorist Strikes of 911 112001Input from Web Sites* and AEPSMonday:a.m. - websites begin running photos "Remembering 911 1" taken after attacks, focus on firstresponders, etc . (no burning building photos)p.m. -publish articlelcommentary on 911 I and GW OT byM s. Christy Ferer*'Other: publish building advisory on Pentagon "Moment of Silence" wh en available, begin "Alook back" section on D oD hom e page, republishing articleslphotos from af ter 911 1 and using the911 1 logo continue that sec tion a ll week.Tuesday:a.m. - ublish "revisiting 911 1" article about now retired military person then a t Pentagonp.m. -publish article on DepSec's SA SC testimony and on "1" in the air on 911 1" Air Forcepilots meeting at PentagonOther: Continue rotating remembrance photosWednesday:a.m. -pub lish articleslphotos from previous evening's D epSecDef address at "Evening ofTribute and Remembrance"p.m. - publish article from SecDef address at National Press ClubOther: publish material from President's trip to Quan tiw, continue rotating remembrancephotos, highlighting quilts on display at WIM SA.Thursday:a.m . -pub lish articles based on TV morning show appearances by DepSecDef and any otherofficials, then articlelphotos from 0930 SecDef & others at w reath laying at Arlington Nat'1.Cemetery;p.m. - ublish articlelpholo from 1100 SecDeffCJCS Pentagon Chapel Flag presentation/slainedglass window dedication ceremony.Other: Leading image of the day-artists' rendering ofp entag on M emorial; possible article basedon CITGO tation perspective

*DoD home page and DefendAmerica - oth w ebsites will continue to cover other events,including SecDeftCJCS at terrorism conference.** M s, Ferer serves as Special Assistant, liaison to the families of September 1 Ith, for MayorBloomberg.


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The Global War on Terrorism0 T h e g l o b a l w a r o n t e rr o ri sm i s j u s t t h a t - w a r a g a i n s t te r ro r is ts a n d t h o s ew h o h a r b o r a n d s p o n s o r th em . It is not a war against any peop le, race, or religion. It isa war against terrorists.

Te rr or ism is m ultin ation al. A1 Qaeda alone operates in more than 60 countries acrossthe globe.T er ro ris m i s m ul tif ac ete d. That is why we are using every tool at our disposal -financial, legal, diplomatic, and military - o find and root out terrorist organizations andtheir networks of support around the w orld.T h e g lo b a l w a r o n te r ro r i sm b e g a n w h e n US a n d c o a li ti o n f o r c e s d e s t r o y e d t h eT a li ba n a n d a l Q a e d a i n A f g h a n is t an a n d c o n t i n u e d o n m a n y f r o n t s a r o u n d t h ew or ld . We have helped friendly nations like Yemen, Georgia, and the Philippines, trainforces to fight terrorism on their own soilT e rr or is m e n c o m o a s s e s m o r e than i u s t t e r r or i st a r o u o s o r t e r r or i st.or ga n i z a t i ons . We must end stale sponsorship and support of terrorism, and prevent thosewho would not hesitate to com mit acts of mass murder from gaining and using weapons of-mass destruction,

The Coalition Against Terrorism s G lobal and GrowingT h e n a t i o n s w h o h a v e jo in ed w ith u s in t h e w a r o n t e r ro r is m c o m p r i s e t h el a r g e s t c oa l it io n e v e r a s s e m b l e d i n t h e h i s t o ry o f t h e w o r l d , a n d s u p p o r tc o n t i n u e s to g r o w .

Over 90 nations - more than half of all the nations in the world -joined us in the waragainst terrorism in A fghanistan.It was, and continues to be, the largest coalition ever assembled in the history of theworld.While much work rem ains to be done to rebuild the country and secure it from pockets ofTaliban and a1 Qaeda forces, Afghanistan is far different than t w as just a short time ago.

Published by the Officeof /he Assistant S ecretary of Defense for Public Affairs, ebruary 2003 1


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Afghanistan - Then and NowW e have s e e n t h e d i f fe r e n c e f r e e d o m f ro m t e r r o r has m a d e in t h e li ve s a n df u t u r e o f t h e p e o p l e o f A f g h a n is t an .. In October, 2001, Afghanistan was ruled by the Taliban, who provided a safe harbor forOsam a bin Laden and a1 Qaeda and turned the co untry into a haven fo r terrorists.. While the Talihan and al Qaeda lived well, average Afghans faced repression andpoverty.. Hundreds of thousands of Afghans were in danger of imminent starvation

Another 3.5 million Afghans were in refugee camps outside the country and over 1.3million were internally displaced.. Education for girls over eight years old was banned, women teachers were prohibited,and Kabul U niversity was closed.- Wom en doctors were not allowed, and men were prohibited from treating wom en.. Freedom of religion was severely restricted, and personal freedom to shave, publish,dance, fly a kite or listen to music was severely restricted. Violation of those restrictionswould result in severe punishment.T o d a y , A f g h a ni s ta n i s f r e e From t er r or , w a r a n d w a n t . R u l e d b y ar e p r es e n t a ti v e g o v e r n m e n t , i t s f u tu r e i s b r i g h t

Nearly 10 million p eople have been fed and saved from starvation;2 million refugees and over 600,000 internally displaced persons have returned to theirhomes;More than 3 million children, including girls, have returned to rebuilt schools and 6,000temporary classrooms with books and learning materials. The university has beenreopened.. Religious freedom has been restored, newspapers, radio and television have been reborn,and individual and p olitical freedoms are being reestablished.- Women doctors have returned to work, male doctors are free to treat women, and manymedical professionals have returned from exile.

Published by the Office o f f h eAssistam Secretary o f Defense for Public Affairs,February 2003 2


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Iraq Has Known Weapons of Mass Destruction. The Iraqi regime is activelypursuing weapons of mass destruction, amassing large, clandestine stockpiles of biologicaland chemical weapons, and has an active program to acquire and develop nuclear weapons.Biological Weapons

As confirmed by UN Chief Inspector Hans Blix, Iraq has not accounted for largequantities of biological agents, including up to 25,000 liters of anthrax and 38,000liters of botulinum toxin. Thi s is based on evidence from UNSC OM beforeinspections ended in 1 998.We have firsthand descriptions of at least seven biological weapons factories onwheels and rails that can produce. in a matter o f months, mo re biological agents than-Iraq admitted to producing before the G ulf W ai.

Chemical WeaponsIraq has never accounted for vast quantities of chemical weapons, including 550artillery shells filled with mustard agent, approximately 30,000 empty chemicalmunitions, and enough precursors t o produce as mu ch as 500 tons of chemical agents.Dr. Blix recently cited 6,500 unaccounted-for aerial chemical bombs, which wouldcontain around 1,000 tons of chemical agents.As shown by satellite imagery, chemical weapons manufacturing activities are beingcarried out under the cover of dual-use civilian, manufacturing. The imagesdocumented transshipment activity of chemical weapons at a site called al-Musayyib,After the transshipment was over, further imagery revealed that the complex wassanitized.Secretary Powell detailed extensive reporting, including taped conversations, oncovert procurement efforts for chemical and biological agent production. He alsocited reports that Iraq has experimented on hum an beings with chemical or biologicalagents.

Nuclear Weapons- Saddam has kept together cadres of nuclear scientists, and has a design for a nuclearbomb. As far as we know, Iraq lacks fissile material, but is seeking the means toenrich uranium.- Procurement efforts include high specification aluminum tubes for gas centrifugesused to enrich uranium, a production plant for magnets suitable in centrifuge work,and m achines suitable for balancing centrifuge rotors,


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Procurement efforts for aluminum tubes continued even after the adoption ofResolution 1441.Prior to the Gulf War, most allied intelligence agencies estimated that Iraq was atleast five years away from developing a nuclear weapon. Information obtained fromIraqi defectors after the Gulf war showed that - f not for that war - Iraq could haveproduced a nuclear weapon by 1993.

Delivery SystemsIraq retains a force of up to a few dozen prohibited SCUD-variant missiles, missilesthat violate the 150 km. range limited established in UN resolution 687.- Iraq is deploying these m issiles.Dr, Blix has reported repeated tests o f missiles beyond the 150 km. range.Dr. Blix has reported that Iraq has illegally imported 380 SA-2 rocket engines, againin violations of Resolution 687. Som e were acquired after adoption of Resolution1441.

. UNSCOM discovered that Iraq had an active Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)program with ties to its chemical and biological weapons programs. Technicalintelligence has show that Iraq has flown a UAV in a racetrack pattern to a range of500 km, again in violation of previous limits.Iraqi WeaponsAre a Threat to the US, the Region, and the World. These weapons pose a threat to the United States and the American people, to Iraq'sneighbors in the region, and to the entire world.. The Iraqi regime is determined to acquire the means to strike the US and its friendsand allies with weapons of mass destruction, acquire the territory of its neighbors, andimpose control ove r the Persian G ulf region.. In 1980, Iraq invaded Iran and used chem ical weapons aga inst Iranian forces.. In 1988, Saddam's forces killed 5,000 innocent civilians in a chemical weaponsattack against the Kurdish village o f Halabja.. In 1990, Iraqi forces invaded Kuw ait. Thousands of innocent Kuwaiti civilians

were tortured, raped, and murdered during the occ upation.- In 1991, Iraq was poised to march on other nations but was stopped by US-ledcoalition forces.. Iraq has launched ballistic missiles at four of its neighbors: Iran, Sau di Ara bi aBahrain, and Israel.Published b y the Office ofthe Assistant Secretary #Defens e for Public Affairs, February 2003 4


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. Iraq assassinates its opponents, at home and abroad, and has attempted toassassinate the former Israeli Ambassador to Great Britain, and former USPresident George H.W.Bush.

. Saddam has openly praised the attacks of 9-11 and repeatedly threatens the USand our allies, saying "Every Iraqi [caul become a m issile."Saddam plays host to terrorist networks and has directly ordered acts of terror onforeign soil.. As Spain, Portugal, Italy, Britain, Hungary, Poland, Denm ark and Czechoslovakiarecently declared, Iraq represents a "clear threat to world security" and must bedisarmed.

Iraq Continues to Deny and Deceive.The job of the UN inspectors is not to find what Saddam has hidden, but toinspect what Saddam has revealed.Iraq has chosen to reveal nothing. Rather than comply with UN Security CouncilResolution 1441, and 17previous UN resolutions, Iraq refuses to revea l its curren tcapabilities, continues to deny that it has any weapons of mass destruction, andpersists in its efforts to deceive the inspectors into believing what it says is true.- According to the Defense Intellieeoce Aeencv. the Iraqi denial and deception

- .or the media, but, in fact, the entire wor ld.'The pattern Is familiar.

Since the end of the Gulf War, Iraq's denial and deception campaign has had threemain goals:. Blur the truth about Iraqi compliance;- Keep UN inspectors from teaming the full extent of Iraq's WMD capabilities,- Prevent Iraq from being completely disarmed in accordance with U.N.resolutions.

Published by the Officeof 1heAssisianiSecretary of Defense fo r Public Affairs, February 2003 5


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Some of Iraq's more common techniques include:. Concealment - housing a weapons facility in a non-descript building in aresidential neighborhood;- Sanitization - moving, hiding, or destroying documents and materials whileinspectors a re delayed;. Fraudulent declarations - making "full and final disclosures" that are latermodified each time inspectors o r defectors reveal additional information.. Sacrifice - giving up already compromised or outdated information to keep up theappearance of co-operation.. Overload - providing vast amounts of extraneous data to overwhelm analyticalcapabilities.. Cover stories - uch as the "baby milk plant"' or "castor oil plant"" subterfuges toconceal the true use of factories and facilities.. Dual-use facilities - manufacturing and public health facilities that havelegitimate uses for many of the same components of biological and chemicalweapons programs.. Sensitive sites - dentifying certa in sites'" as "sensitive" whose inspection wouldconstitute a violation of Iraqi sovereignty.. Disinformation - such as simulating damage to mosques or other unacceptabletargets in an effort to alter public opinion in its favor.'"

Secretary Powell's 90-minute presentation to the UN Security Councilproved that Saddam's pattern of denial and deception continues to thisday. The presentation, which included satellite photos, recordings of interceptedtelephone calls, and intelligence reports, documented the lengths to which Saddam iswilling to go to deceive the inspectors and the w orld -- in clear violation of UN SecurityCouncil Resolution 1441 which com pels Iraq to cooperate with disarmament.- The report detailed how Saddam :. Ordered the removal of a ll prohibited weapons from palace complexes;- Hid prohibited items in private homes, including 2,000 pages of relevantdocuments in the home of one Iraqi scientist;

. Placed key files in cars that were then driven around the country by Iraqi agents toavoid detection;. Concealed chemical weapons and facilities that whose signatures were detectedby satellites;Published by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defensefor Public A ffairs, February 2003 6


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The Risks of W ar Must be Balanced Against the Risk of Doing N othing. Th esecurity environment we are entering is the most dangerous the world has ever seen.Wh ile we wait, Iraq continues to pursue weapon s ofmass destruction,Our challenge is to prevent an attack before it occurs, not pick up what'sleft after it ha~oens. September 11 was a vivid foreshadowine of far more deadly.attacks to com e. We have the advan tage o f hindsight, but hindsight has no value if we donot use it to learn.The threat is there for all to see. Th e world has been put on notice. The questionis: what will we d o about it? Will we recognize the seriousness of the threat or remainparalyzed by indecision while the danger gathers?

The Game is OverSeventeen times the United Nations has drawn a line in the sand. and 17times Sad dam has crossed it.

The UNSC must rise to the challenge posed by the Iraqi regime,If Iraq does not disarm an d force becomes necessary, the United States and a coalitionof freedom-loving nations w ill disarm him, an d we will prevail.

ENDNOTES

' During the Gu lfw ar, coalition forces bombed a suspected biological weaponsplantihat was p a i r e d in mililary camouflage,surrounded by double chain-link fences, with arm ed guards posted at the entrances.Iraq cla ime d The si te was an infantm u l a a cto ry . T he y p re pa re d a hand-painted sign in English andArabic, dressed up plain personnel in uniforms labeled"baby milk plant," then brought in foreign media for a controlled tour'Coalitio n aircraft bombed a so -ca lle d'b sto r oil plant" in 1991 and again during OperationDescn Fox in 1998. The Iraqishave sinc e rebuilt it and claim th e site extracts castor oil for brake fluid. Castor beans are also used to produc ericin. a deadlybiological toxin"'One such site, a "presidential palace" included hardened bunkers and aco mm and and control facility Another siteencompasses 18 square kilometers,

DuringtheGulf War, Iraqis damaged a mosque. brought in the news media, and accused theU .S. ofdestroy ing religiousshrines. A satellite photo showed the mosque's dome has been neatly removed and the nearest bomb crater some distanceaway.

Published by she Officeof the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs, February 2003 8


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Fact SheetDe partm ent of Defense O rd er on M ili tary Commissions3/21/02

A m ilitary commission is a war-time, military tribunal traditionally used totry violations of the laws of war. Under the President's Military Order ofNovem ber 13,20 01, thos e tried by military com mission may include: Members of a1 Qaeda

People involved in acts of international terrorism against the UnitedStatesPeople who knowingly harbored such terrorists

Comm ission Mem bership a nd SelectionCommissions will consist of at least 3 hut no more than 7 members,with one or two alternates.The Secretary of Defense may appoint m embers and othercomm ission personnel, or select an Appointing Authority to choosecomm ission personnel.Commission members are officers in the United States Armed Forces,including reserve personnel, National G uard members, and retiredpersonnel recalled to active duty.A P residing Officer will be chosen from among the com missionmem bers to preside over commission proceedings. The PresidingOfficer will be a judge advocate of any branch of the armed forces4 The Presiding Officer has the authority to admit or excludeevidence.4 The Presiding Officer also has the authority to closeproceedings to protect classified information or to protect thesafety of defendants, witnesses, and commission members.


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A Full a n d Fair TrialMilitary defense counsel will be provided for the accused. Inaddition, the accused may cho ose their own counsel: another militaryofficer who is a judge advocate o ft h e US. rmed F orces o r a civilianattorney. Civilian attorneys may be pre-qualified as mem bers of apool of available attorneys for the defense.Th e defendant and counsel will b e able to see copies of the charges intheir native language in advance of the trial.The accused is presumed innocent until proven gu iltyThe accused may be found guilty only w hen com mission members areconvinced of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.The accused m ay refuse to testily during trial.The accused w ill be able to obtain w itnesses and do cuments to use inhis defense.Th e accused may not he tried twic e before a m ilitary comm ission forthe same offense,The accused may enter into a p le a agreement.

Trial FormatTrial proceedings will be open unless otherwise determined by thePresiding Officer. Th e Presiding Officer may also allow attendanceby the public and press. Photography, video and audio recording andbroadcasting will be prohibited.A trial m ay be closed to protect:

Classified or sensitive information^ The physical safety of participants^ Intelligence or law enforcement sou rces, methods and activitiesNational security interests. omm issions will be impartial


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Evidence, including previous trial testimony and written statements,will be admissible if it would have probative v alue to a reasonableperson.Witnesses will testify under oath, and will be subject to direct andcross-examination.For w itness safety, some testimony may be accepted by phone,through the use of pseudonyms, o r during closed proceedings.Commission m embers will deliberate and vote on findings of guilt,innocence, and sentencing in closed conference.

9 A conviction requires a vote of two-thirds of the commissionA death sentence requires a unanimous voteSentences may also include life imprisonment or a lesser term, finesand restitution, or any other punishment deemed appropriate.A three-mem ber Review Panel, appointed by the Secretary ofDefense, will review trial findings within 30 days and either provide arecommendation to the Secretary of Defense or return the case forfurther proceedings. The panel will include three military officers butmay also include civilians temporarily comm issioned as militaryofficers.Findings and sentences are not final un til approved by the President orSecretary of Defense, but findings of "Not Guilty" cannot be changed.The procedures may be amended by the Secretary of Defense toaccomm odate changed circumstances.

The above information, while dee me dre lia ble , does not constitute adefinitive statement ofth epr oce du res a pplicable to military commissionsestablished under the President's Military Order o fNovem ber 13, 2001.


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Fact SheetDep artment of Defense Or d e r on M ilitary Commissions2/16/2007 1-08P M

A military commission is a war-time, military c ourt convened to try war criminalscharged with offenses that fall outside the normal scope of the U S . civilian lawenforcement and judiciary systems. Those tried by military comm ission may include:

. Members of al QaedaPeople involved in acts of terrorism against th e U nited StatesPeople who knowingly harbored terrorists

Commission Membership and SelectionComm issions will consist of at least 3 but no more than 7 members, with one ortwo alternates.The Secretary of Defense may appoint m embers, or select an AppointingAuthority to choose commission members.. omm ission members are officers in the United States Armed Forces, includingreserve, National Guard and retired personnel recalled to active duty.A Prc-iiJing Oflicer will hi: choien hi prcsidc o v x commission prxcc ding s ThePresiding Offic er will be a judge adbocaie of any branch of the am:J forces

The Presiding O fficer has the authority to admit o r exclude evidence.V The Officer also has the authority to close proceedings to protect classifiedinformation or nrotect the safety of defendants. witnesses and com missionmembers,

A Ful l and F ai r Tr ia lDefense counsel \ M I I be provided for the accused, ,-ir ihi: ac:uicd md\ choose theirO W counsel am il it m officer mho is a juJgt." advocatc n it h e I 1 S 4rmed Forces.or 3 ci\ilian anorney Civilian attorneys ma\ al-so be pre-qualified as mcmbers ofa pool ofavailable attorneys lor the deienscThe defendant and counsel may see copies of the charges an d evidence in theirnative language in advance of the trial.. he accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty.The accused may be found guilty only whe n commission mem bers are convincedof guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.


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. he accused may refuse to testify d uring trial.The accused may ob tain witnesses and documents to use in their defenseThe accused may not be tried twice f or the same offense.. he accused may enter into plea agreements

Tr ia l FormatTrial proceedings will open unless otherwise determined by the P residing Officer.The Presiding Officer may also allow attendance by the public and press.Photography, video and audio recording and broadcasting will be prohibited.A trial may be closed to protect:

Classified o r sensitive information The physical safety o f participantsV' Intelligence or law enforcement sources, methods and activitiesV' National security interests

Commissions will be independent and impartial, and will proceed quicklyPhysical and scientific evidence will be adm issible if it has value to theproceedings, as will previous trial testimony and w ritten statements.Witnesses will testify under oath, and w ill be subject to direct and cross-examination.

For witness safety, same testimony ma y be accepted by phone, use ofpseudonyms an d closure of the proceedings.. Comm ission members will deliberate and vote o n findings of guilt, innocence,and sentencing in closed session.Conviction requires a vote of two-thirds of the commission.. Death sentences require a unanimous vole. Sentences may also include life imprisonment or a lesser term, fines andrestitution, or any other punishment deemed proper.. A three-member Review Panel, appointed by the Secretary of Defense, willreview trial findings within 30 days and approve o r disapprove of the outcome.The panel will include three military officers but may also include temporarilycommissioned civilians.Findings and sentences are not final until approved by the President or Secretaryof Defense.


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Office ofPentagon Briefing Public AffairsJanuary 17,2002703-695-6795

> The U.S. i s Co mmitted to the Humane Treatment o f he Detainees a tGuantanamo B a y - a n d j h e m o f Our Men a n d Women in Uniform--. On September 11 thousands of people were kil eo in terrorist anaccs aga nst the Un ledStates As pan of the war aga nst terrorism me _n ea States shooing andQJeston,nQ a Qaeaa and Tal can fiqhters at Guantanamo Bay C-oa w.tn tne purposeof gathering information hat will future attacks and bring the terrorists to justice.

Ta iban at Qaeda and otner detainees at G~antanamo ay are oetng treated h-manelyTney are noised n temporary meters ~ n t i ore permanem fac lities can 3e arranged

d The detainees are held in a much more hosoitable environment han where theywere found. They are given three culturallyappropriate meals a day, and have.daily opportunities to pray, shower, exercise and receive medical attention.. The detainees are considered very dangerous- among them are those responsible or

the orison uorisino in Mazar-e-Sharif and others who have threatened to kill Americanswn le n C-oa Tne U S mi itary w I1 transport and hold a1Qaeda an0 Ta Dancomoatants n a way mat is safe for boti tne oetamees and me men and women of theU S armed forces wno come into contact with themIn order to stop other terrorist attacks, detainees will be questioned or intelligenceinformation Followina ouestionina. a decision will be made as to their disposition.Some may be tr eo by a m I tary comrn ssion Otners co- o oe trea in me S crlmlnalcourt system an0 o'hers may oe returneo to their countries of nationa ty for prosecJtlon

> Military Commissions are an Instrumentof ustice in Brinalna Foreion Terrorists to. The terrorists who threaten us are unlawful combatants- adversaries who attacked ournation with disregard for the rules of war. As the President has made clear, we Will huntthem down wherever they hide. When enemy forces are captured, wherever they arecaptured, they must then be dealt with. There are a number of tools at the Country'sdisposal for doing so. One of those tools is the establishment of military commissions.Tne Pres oent as Commanoer n Chief issued a mil tary oroer that wo-ild permitn0ivid.a non L S ctizens to be tried by military comm ssons Tne Department ofDefense is developing appropriate procedures or commissions hat are measured,balanced, houghtful and reflect our country's values.MI itary comm ss ons nave been used in times of wars nce the fo ~ n og of I ns nationGeorge Wasn ngton !sea them ouring the Revoibtionary War Abranam L nC0h Lseotnem our ng me C vi Wa' President Franklin Roosevelt ~ s e ohem o~ ri ngWOr 0 War I. Tnere are a numoer of compel1 ng reasons for using mil tary comm ssions nsteaa Oc v an c o~ nso t'y unaw't oelhgerents in t mes of war l l c i ~ og


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4 We can better protect civilian udges, jurors and courts from terrorist threats andassure the security of the trial itself. Because of the onaoina threat from terrorists.tne rsus 10 j n r s are of a i< nd fia' mi nary officers areia.cea ana prepared oconfroit out tnat are not norma ly impcsed on jurors n c v Ian tr als For examplethe d g e %no nand ed me tr a1 for the "993Worla Trade Center attacn s st 11 under24-no-r protect on oy federa marshals ard prooaoiy w I be fnr me rest o'n s f fe

^ Mil tary tr bda ls permit more nclusive rules of evidence a flex oiltty Crit Cal inwan me when it may oe d ff ic~i to establish chains of c~stoofor documents or 10owte u messes M tary wmm ssio is a1ow tnose IJOglng tne case to hear a1 theev aence nc l~dinq v oence obla nec unaer conoilions of war - eviaence that wu ldbe critical to obtaining a co

Documents

06-F-1532DocBriefingsUpdates2001-2003 pt1