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Tietojohtaminen ja hypermedia

14.11.2001

Tuija Helokunnas

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Sisältö

• Tietojohtaminen

• Tietämyksen hallinnan peruskäsitteitä

• Uuden tiedon syntyminen

• Organisaation kolme ulottuvuutta

• Tietoverkot tietämyksen hallinnassa

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Tietojohtaminen

Tietoturvallisuudenjohtaminen

Sähköinenliiketoiminta

Tietoyhteiskunta

Ohjelmisto-liiketoiminta

Tiedon johtaminenliiketoiminnassa

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eBusinessInformation Management in Business

• Knowledge is critical success factor

• Production of information products

• eBusiness• new business processes and models• product differentiation• minimisation of transaction costs• customer relationship management

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Software BusinessInformation Security Management

• Development, delivery, acquisition and maintenance of software

• Management, planning and implementation of large information programs

• Use of ICT systems in collaboration support and competence development

• Management and planning of the security of information systems

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Knowledge

Philosopher:Mental models,

definitions

Psychologist:Interaction andlearning process

IT expert:Data & information

management

Economist:Resource

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Definition of Knowledge

• Justified true belief (Platon)

• Mix of framed experience, values, contextual information and expert insight

• Is embedded in• documents• organizational routines• processes• practices• norms (Davenport & Prusak 1998: Working Knowledge)

• Knowledge lives in people (www.ibm.com)

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Data, Information, Knowledge

I will select the followingcourses this Autumn…because Ineed to understand …

KNOWLEDGE- analysed,- understood and- balanced information

INFORMATION

DATA 2920020 29127 298892920021 29142 29120

Information and KM Courses:2920020 Basics of Information…2920299 Advanced Course on KM… ...

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Knowledge Types

• Tacit knowledge• know-how• mental models, beliefs, perceptions• not easily visible or expressible• "We can know more than we can tell"

• Explicit knowledge• formal and systematic• expressed in words and numbers (M. Polanyi 1966: The Tacit

Dimension)

• Implicit, emerging, intuitive, potential, ... knowledge

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Knowledge Management (KM)- Competence Management

• Focuses on ways of sharing and storing the knowledge of individuals, as a means of improving the competency, speed, efficiency - and profitability - of the larger whole (www.ibm.com).

• Is about connecting people to people and people to information to create competitive advantage (www.print.com)

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How Is Knowledge Created?

• Theory by Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995: The Knowledge Creating Company:• Knowledge conversion: Social

interaction between tacit and explicit knowledge

• Knowledge conversion is interaction between individuals

• Organisational knowledge is based on tacit knowledge of individuals

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Four Modes of Knowledge Conversion

Socialization

Internalization

Externalization

Combination

Tacitknowledge

Explicitknowledge

Tacit knowledge Explicit knowledgeFrom

To

(Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995: The Knowledge Creating Company)

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Contents of Knowledge

SocializationSympathized

Knowledge

InternalizationOperationalKnowledge

ExternalizationConceptual Knowledge

CombinationSystemic

Knowledge

Tacitknowledge

Explicitknowledge

Tacit knowledge Explicit knowledgeFrom

To

(Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995: The Knowledge Creating Company)

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The Three Dimensions Of an Organisation

Mechanistic

Dynamic

Organic

(Ståhle & Grönroos 1999: Knowledge Management, 2000: Dynamic Intellectual Capital)

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KM in the Corporate Environments

• Mechanistic environment • Quality systems and manuals

• Organic environment• Quality Management Programmes• Knowledge arises from dialogues• Joint discussions to reach consensus

• Dynamic environment• Controversies & dialogues create chaos• Innovation management

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Knowledge Management - Collaboration

Standards, Documents

Values, Handbooks,...

ThoughtsIdeas,

Comments,Critics

Means for sharing implicit & tacit knowledge

Means for sharing explicit knowledge

Teaching,explaining

Working together to achieve a shared goal

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How is Knowledge Found?

• Codification: IT is used to build a corporate memory where all knowledge on problem solving situations is carefully stored for reuse

• Personalisation: IT is used mainly as a means for communication to enable creation of new knowledge (Hansen et al. 1999)

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Organization Memory

• Customer Relationship Managament System• Fault Management System• Customer Problem Solving System

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Documentmanagement

Web Groupware Datawarehouse ERP-database

M&S database

Users

Portal

Organise Personalise Publish

AccessText searchText search MetadataMetadata

Portalserver

Data SourceB. Szuprowicz Implementing Enterprise Portals 2000

Concept of an Enterprise Portal

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Case: Partnering via Extranet

componentorder

systemmanufacturer

componentmanufacturer

componentdelivery from

factory

system assembly

system requirements

systemmanufacturer

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Knowledge Management Applications

• A lot of redundant www applications and knowledge bases

• Access rights restrict even the necessary use of knowledge sources

• Can we trust in the contents of the knowledge sources?• a lot of content providers• anyone can publish anything

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Characteristics of WWW/ WAP Applications

• Unique system

• Hundreds of unknown users

• Implementation cycle very fast

• Customised system based on components

• Often publishes contents of conventional systems

• Typically contains structured data

• Security requirements often tight

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Collaboration Tools

E-MAIL

ENTERPRISEPORTALS

KNOWLEDGEFINDER

WWW-PAGES

PHONEDISCUSSIONS

TELE-CONFERENCE

VIDEO-CONFERENCE

SCHEDULE

GROUPWARE

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Summary