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1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스스스 스스 BESIII SuperBelle &

1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Page 1: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

1

New physics & exotic hadron searches @

S. L. Olsen

스티픈 올슨

BESIII SuperBelle&

Page 2: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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BEPCII & SuperKEKB

L=2x1035cm-2s-1 (2012) 8x1035cm-2s-1 (2017)

ARES RF(LER)

ARES RF(HER)

Page 3: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

3

2010

SuperKEKB

BEPCII

CLEO-c

SuperKEKB & BEPCII eachprovide 10x luminosity increasesover the current state-of-the-art

Page 4: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

4

BESIII & Super Belle

1 T SC solenoid: p/p ~ 0.5% @ p~1GeV

/K separation up to 1.2 GeV

CsI (~90% x 4) m(0) ~4 MeV

Muon detection ~80% x 4 p>0.5 GeV

Si strip/pixel vertex detector z~70m

1.5 T SC solenoid: p/p ~ 0.3% @ p~1GeV

/K separation up to ~4 GeV

CsI (~90% x 4) m(0) ~4 MeV

Muon detection ~80% x 4 p>0.5 GeV

Both are modern, state-of-the-art detectors

Page 5: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Physics at BESIII & SuperBelle

• New physics searches– Tests of SM predictions for processes with heavy

virtual particles

– Search for decays that are forbidden in SM • • J/+e-

• …

• Exotic hadron physics– XYZ particles u c

ucc c

H+?+Squarks?

+Winos?

tetraquarks?

quark-gluon

hybrids?

Page 6: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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New Physics Searches

• Need SM processes that:– involve massive virtual particles – where SM prediction is precise and reliable

• CP-violating phases• F-B asymmetry in BK*l+l-

• 0- meson: P+l+ decays• CP violation in the c-quark sector• …

Page 7: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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CP-violating phases

(SM predictions for CPV phases are uneffected by QCD Corrections & are, in principle at least, robust.)

Page 8: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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SM: CP violation phase is all in the CKM flavor-mixing matrix

b

s

d

VVV

VVV

VVV

b

s

d

tbtstd

cbcscd

ubusud

'

'

'

CPV phases are in the corners

t

d

W+

b

Vub

W+

u*

Vtd

Page 9: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

9

B0

1: Interfere BfCP with BBJ/KS

td

td

B0

Vtb

V*

Vcb

KS

J/

J/

KS

V*2

Vtb

V*td

td

Vcb

B0B0

+

sin21

Vcb has no KM phase

Vtd has a KM phase 1

Page 10: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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“principle” of 1 measurement

Flavor-tag decay(B0 or B0 ?)

J/

KS

ee

more B tags

more B tags

zt=0

sin21

This is for CP=-1; for CP=+1, the asymmetry is opposite

“entangled” BB_

Page 11: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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B-Factory results

B0 tag_B

0 tag

sin21= 0.671 ±0.024 Belle + BaBar (2008)

1 = 21.1o ± 0.9o well measured!

Page 12: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Role of phases in the CKM flavor-mixing matrix was recognized by the Nobel Foundation

A single irreducible phase in the weak interaction matrix can accounts for the CPViolations that are observed in kaon and B decays.

Page 13: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Peggy Lee(American singer 1920-2002)

Page 14: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Next: CPV in penguin decays

, ’, K+K-, …

Page 15: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

15

Why penguins?

Page 16: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

16SM Charged Higgs SuperSymmetry

Not all penguins are alike!

New physics penguins can modify SM predictions

Page 17: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

17

sin21 with SM bs penguins

Vts: no KM phase

SM: sin21 = sin21 from BJ/ K0

Any difference non-SM particles in the loop

penguin

Vtd

Vtd

+

1

B B, ’,

1

, ’,

*

*

Page 18: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

18

Dalitz plot analysis of BKSK+K-

StrongK+K- peak in M(K+K-) dist

but that is not all

M2 (K-KS)

M2 (K+KS)

Needs a model for B0KSK+K- decays

& a full. t-dependent Dalitz analysis

time-dependent!

Page 19: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

19

( KS)

1

(f0(980) KS)

1

SM result

Room for ~10x improvement Super Belle/KEKB

Page 20: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

20

Electro-weak penguins: B—K* l+l-

no gluons here(so SM predictions

for the lepton sectorare robust & reliable)

K*B

Page 21: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

21

Ali, Mannel, Morozumi, PLB273, 505 (1991)

AFB(BK*l+l-)(q2)

SM pred’n for AFB is not sensitive to (poorly known) QCD corrections

F B

NF-NB

NF+NB

=

Page 22: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

22

Hints of an anomaly?

BABAR, arXiv:0804.4412

Belle, PRL 96, 251801 386M

384M657MBelle

Preliminary

• Data points are all above the SM

• (Ml+l-2 dist & branching fractions

~agree with SM expectations.)

Belle

Published

Page 23: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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0- meson pure leptonic decays: P+ l+

All inputs well measured except fP, which can be computed by LQCD

B+ (or D+ or Ds)+

Q

q

SM prediction (W+ only):

Page 24: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Latest B-factory result

)()(154 2122

3635sig syststatN

435.037.0

38.037.0 10)]()(65.1[)(

syststatB B

Preliminary

(arXiv: 0809.3834, BELLE-CONF-0840)

Semileptonic B tags only (BD*l )

3.8σ signal significance Measurement above SM expectation, discrepancy

~1.4-2σ

(CKMfitter 2008 prediction)

0.09 40.13( ) (0.78 ) 10B B SM

Page 25: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Belle limits on charged Higgs

Ruled out (95% CL) by Bf(BXs)

Ruled out by Bf(B++)

Page 26: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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(Almost) all of CMS’ accessible range for an MSSM H+ is already ruled out

Ruled out by Belle

Accessible at LHC

RegionLeftForLHC

Page 27: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

27

D+(Ds+)l+ at BESIII

CLEO-c signals:D+

Ds+ LQCD preds (~2% precision)

Clean expt’l signals. BESIIIcan achieve high precision.

3 SM-Expt discrepancy for fDs;statistical errors dominate

Page 28: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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CPV in D meson decays at BESIII

• No KM phases in cs or cd– Any CPV seen in D meson decay would

indicate new physics

• To observe CP-viol. you need both a CPV phase & a non-zero strong phase– c.f. D± K+K-± has lots of resonances

with large strong phases

Op

posit

e s

ign

for

matt

er-

an

tim

att

er

Same sign formatter-antimatter

b

s

d

VVV

VVV

VVV

b

s

d

tbtstd

cbcscd

ubusud

'

'

'

No SM CPV phases here

Page 29: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

29

D± K+K-±

K*K’

KK

model

),(),( 22

21

)(22

21 mmAeammM r

r

ir

Wr

)(

1),(

21

21

222

21 miMmM

mmArrr

r

“strong” phases

Page 30: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Fit for D+ D- differencesCLEOc , with 818 pb-1 at the ’’

arXiv 0807.4545

ACP = (-0.03 ±0.84 ± 0.29)%

BESIII will have >20x more data

M+ - M-

Page 31: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Summary (New Physics)

• Super Belle & BESIII have unique opportunities to search for New Physics– Reaches beyond the LHC for some scenarios

• Room for a factor ~10 improvement in precision before SM limitations are reached.

• Tantalizing hints of new phenomena show up in B-factory & CLEO-c data.

• Dalitz analyses becoming increasingly important

Page 32: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Comment

• New Physics Searches are prime motivators for Super-Belle & BESIII– “pays the bills”

• New discoveries will “belong to” the host laboratories & the expt’l teams in entirety – SNU included

• SNU group needs “signature” topics & expertise– Dalitz analyses?– exotic hadrons?– …

Page 33: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Exotic hadrons atBESIII & SuperBelle

Page 34: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Motivation for exotic hadrons

Perkin’s textbook, Introduction to High Energy Physics, pg.118

“The states observed in nature consist of three-quark combinations (the baryons) and quark-antiquark combinations (the mesons).”

Particle Physics Textbooks

u cuc

c c

But QCD suggests that tetraquarks and quark-gluon hybrids also occur.

Page 35: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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How to find an exotic hadron

• Find a hadron with quantum numbers that can’t be produced by qqq or qq combos– Pentaquark: S=+1 baryon =

– Charged or strange “charmonium:” e.g. Z+=

• Find cc or bb mesons that don’t fit into an unassigned qq “quarkonium” level.

s dud

u

u cdc

Page 36: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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predicted

measured

Charmonium meson spectrum

Only a few charmonium levels are still available

Page 37: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Neutral “X” & “Y” mesons

BaBar

BK +-J/

M(+-J/M(J)

X(3872)

M(J/

Y(3940)

X(3940) X(4160)

e+e-DD*J/ e+e-D*D*J/

M(DD*) M(D*D*)

Y(4260)

Belle

Belle

Belle

Y(4

008

)?

e+e-ISR+-J/

Y(4350) & Y(4660)

e+e-ISR+-’

M(+-J/)

M(+-’)

e+e-ISRcc

M(cc)

M(J/

BaBar

BaBar

Belle

Belle

Belle

Belle

X(3872)

(Decay to finalstates with a ccpair & qi=0 )

JPC=1++

JPC=1--

???

BK J/

BK J/

Page 38: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

38

3872MeV

• Only one unfilled 1++ level • Mass is too low for the X(3872)• c1’J/ violates Ispin

•Bf(X3872J/)>4%

• (J/) should be >>(J/)•expt: (J/) <<(J/)

• There is only 1 unfilled 1-- charmonium level (& at least 3 1-- Y states)• (J/(’)) for Y states too large for charmonium

c1’

No obvious available cc assignments for these states

Page 39: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

39

Are there similar states with:

•s •c•d•c

•u •c•d•c

•Z+

•Zs0

•non-zero charge?

•non-zero strangess?

•non-zero charge & strangeness?•u •c

scZs+

“smoking guns” for non qq meson states

Page 40: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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The Z(4430)+(±’) meson candidate

M(

±’)

GeV

BK +’

Z(4430)

M2 (±’)

GeV

2

M2(’) GeV2

S.-K. Choi et al (Belle) PRl 100, 142001

Veto

Page 41: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Could this be a reflectionfrom the K channel?

Page 42: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Cos vs M2(’)

16 GeV2

22 GeV2

M2(

’)

+1.0

-1.0

cos

M (’) & cosare tightly correlated;a peak in cos peak in M(’)

(4.43)2GeV2 0.25

K

Page 43: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

43

Can interference between K partial waves produce a peak?

Only S-, P- and D-waves seen in data

inte

rfere

Add incoherently

Page 44: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

44

Can we make a peak at cos≈0.25

with only S-, P- & D-waves?

Page 45: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

45

Can we make a peak at cos≈0.25

with only S-, P- & D-waves?

Page 46: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

46

Can we make a peak at cos≈0.25

with only S-, P- & D-waves?

Not without introducing other, even more dramatic

features at other cos (&,, other M’) values.

Page 47: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

47

BaBar doesn’t see the Z(4430)+

Belle: = (4.1±1.0±1.4)x10-5

M2(±’) GeV2

Page 48: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

48

C. Hearty @ SLAC’s B-factory Symposium

Page 49: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

49

BK’ Dalitz-plot analyses

KZ+

K2*’

K*’

K’

Default Model

K*(890)’

K*(1410)’

K0*(1430)’

K2*(1430)’

K*(1680)’

KZ(4430)

Page 50: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

50

Results

Toy MC: fit CL=36%

1

1

2 3

2

34 5

4

A5

B

A

C

B

C

Page 51: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

51

Results with no Z(4430) term

Toy MC: fit CL=0.1%

12

3 4

5

1 2 3 4 5

A

B

C

A B

C

Page 52: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

52

Dalitz analysis results

Signif: 6.5Published results

Mass & significance similar,width & errors are larger

With Z(4430)

WithoutZ(4430)

Belle: = (3.2+1.8+9.6 )x10-5 0.9-1.6

BaBar:

No contradiction

Page 53: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

53

Candidates for exotic mesons in the s-quark sector

Accessible at BESIII

Page 54: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

54

J/ pp

This is the c,pp

the J/’sspin=0 partner

What is this???

M(pp) GeV

Page 55: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

55

Fit the M(pp) distribution

Best fit to this peakis a resonance withpeak mass below thepp mass threshold

M=1835 MeV no know 100MeV resonance

Page 56: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Actual fit

M=1830.6 ± 6.7 MeV/c2

< 153 MeV/c2 (90% CL)

J/pp in the BES expt

0 0.1 0.2 0.3

2/dof=56/56

fitted peak location

Page 57: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

57

A pp bound state (baryonium)?

p n p p

deuteron:

loosely bound 3-q 3-

q color singlets with Md = 2mp-

baryonium:

loosely bound

3-q 3-q color singlets with Mb = 2mp-

?

attractive nuclear force attractive force?

There is lots & lots of literature about this possibility

Page 58: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

58

Expectation for pp bound state meson

mp +mp

Above threshold

Xpp ~100%

below-threshold p

and p annihilate to

mesons

I=0, JPC=0-+ init. state:pp ’ is common

(h’ = mostly ss)

Page 59: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

59

Look in J/ ’

M(’)

M=1833 MeV 70MeV

mp+mp

BESII

Page 60: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

60

X(1835)’ @ BESIII

M(’) GeV/c2 2.5 days @ BES-III

M(’) GeV/c2

2 yrs @ BESII

M(’) GeV/c2

X(1835)

X(1835)

Page 61: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

61

J/ f0(980) @ BESII

“Y(2175)”?????

By next summer, BESIII should have 300M J/decays&, eventually 10,000M J/ decays

(with 58M J/decays)

A much better detector

= ~100% ss

Page 62: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

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Proposed WCU research @ BESIII & (Super)Belle

• Continue collaboration with S. -K. Choi– Dalitz analyses of Blight hadrons + (cc) with existing Belle data

• Systematic scan of J/’X & X @ BESIII– Search for s-quark sector exotics

• New physics searches in D(Ds) decays@ BESIII– D+ / D- K+K-± Dalitz plot differences– D+(Ds) l+ purely leptonic decays– …

• Get ready for SuperBelle

Page 63: 1 New physics & exotic hadron searches @ S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨 BESIIISuperBelle &

63

감사합니다どどどどどどどど