11 MPEG I MPEG-1 211.1 11.2 MPEG-1 11.3 MPEG-211.4 2009-2*

MPEG: Moving Pictures Experts Group 1988 .

MPEG .

.

, .2009-2*

MPEG-1 SIF(Source Input Format) TV CCIR601 .

MPEG-1 (interlace) . , :

30 fps NTSC 35224025 fps PAL 352288 4:2:0 .

MPEG-1 ISO/IEC 11722 . 5 : 11172-1 , 11172-2 , 11172-3 , 11172-4 , 11172-5 2009-2*

H.261 (MC) :

(ME: Motion Estimation), P (MB) I P (prediction)

(prediction error): , DCT .

(forward prediction)2009-2*

. . , . 11.1: 2009-2*

MPEG B . - B 11.2 :B- (MVs) .( ) , , .( % .) , .2009-2*

11.2: B 2009-2*

11.3: MPEG 2009-2*

H.261 :H.261 CIF(352288) QCIF(176144) . MPEG-1 SIF(NTSC 352240, PAL 352288) . MPEG-1 11.1 (CPS: Constrained Parameter Set) . 11.1: MPEG-1 2009-2*

H.261 GOB , MPEG-1 (slices) .( 11.4):

.

, .

.

.2009-2*

11.4: MPEG-1 2009-2*

, 5

H.261 ()(Quantization):

MPEG-1 .( 11.2 11.3)

DCT :

DCT :

11.3: - (Q2) 11.2: - (Q1)2009-2*

MPEG-1 - (sub-pixel precision) (1/2 ) . H.263 (bilinear interpolation) -(half-pixel) .

H.261 15 , MPEG-1 - (half-pixel precision) [-512, 511.5] , - (full-pixel precision) [-1,024, 1,023] .

MPEG-1 (random access) . GOP GOP .2009-2*

MPEG-1 P I . - .B P . , (a) (b) B . 11.4: MPEG-1 2009-2*

11.5: MPEG-1 2009-2*

MPEG-2: 4Mbps .

7 :

Simple, Main, SNR scalable, Spatially scalable, High, 4:2:2, Multiview.

, 4 . ( 11.5)

DVD 4 : 720480, 704 480, 352 480, 352 240. Main Low MPEG-2 Main .2009-2*

11.6: MPEG-2 Main 4 11.5: MPEG-2 2009-2*

MPEG-2 TV HDTV .

-(top-field) (bottom-field) .

-(Frame-picture), . 1616 .

, -(Field-picture) .2009-2*

11.6: MPEG-2 (a) (b) 2009-2*

MPEG-2 5 (Frame Prediction) (Field Prediction) :

1. - : P B MPEG-1 - .

2. - : - 1616 . , 11.6(b) .2009-2*

3. - : - - . 1616 (MB) 168 . 11.6(b) 168 .

4. - 168 : - 1616 168 . . P - 1616 , B - 4 .

.2009-2*

5. P -: ( ) . mv cv . mv cv . .

P B .(, )

- - .2009-2*

DCT . - :

88 . .

, .

MPEG-2, DCT .2009-2*

11.7: MPEG-2 DCT 2009-2*

MPEG-2 (scalable coding): (layered coding) .

, , . .

MPEG-2 .

(VBR: variable bit rate) 2009-2*

MPEG-2 :

1. SNR (SNR Scalability) SNR .2. (Spatial Scalability) .3. (Temporal Scalability) .4. (Hybrid Scalability) .5. (Data Partitioning) DCT .2009-2*

SNR : (SNR: Signal-Noise-Ratio) / .

MPEG-2 SNR Bits_base Bits_enhance :

1. , DCT .2. DCT (Q-1) DCT .3. DCT (DCT coefficient refinement) , (VLC) Bit_enhance .2009-2*

11.8 (a): MPEG-2 SNR ()2009-2*

11.8 (b): MPEG-2 SNR ()2009-2*

. , .

MPEG-2 SNR .

11.9(a) . 11.9(b) .2009-2*

11.9: MPEG-2 (a) (b) 2009-2*

.

- Bits_base .

:

-(Motion-Compensated) ( 11.10(b))

- - ( 11.10(c))2009-2*

11.10: MPEG-2 (a) 2009-2*

(c) (b) -(MC) 11.10(): MPEG-2 2009-2*

:

1.

2. SNR

3. SNR

, , 1, 2 .2009-2*

DCT , DCT .

, . .

. 2009-2*

- : , MPEG-2 .

4:2:2 4:4:4

: MPEG-2 . , MPEG-2 .

: DVD, ATV HDTV .2009-2*

MPEG-1 () (nonlinear quantization) :

1. , scale MPEG-1 [1, 31] scalei=i.

2. , . , scaleii. i scale 11.7 . 11.7: MPEG-2 2009-2*