11._Ulazni_podaci_za_CAE_analizu_-_krive_tecenja

ZNAAJ MODELIRANJA I SIMULACIJE U PROJEKTOVANJU PROCESA I ALATA U OMD 1/26
Deformacioni otpor u materijalu je trenutni-stvarni napon teenja u materijalu.
Za tanost rezultata fizikog modeliranja i numerike FEM simulacije veoma je vano definisati matematike modele plastinog teenja materijala.
Takve realcije se dobijaju regresionom analizom eksperimentalno odreenih krivih teenja koje predstavljaju grafike zavisnosti deformacionog otpora od deformacije.
Eksperimentalno
odreivanje
2/26
Napon teenja materijala izraava se kao funkcija:
faktora koji se odnose na sam materijal (hemijski sastav, struktura, veliina zrna, istorija prethodnog deformisanja);
faktora koji se odnose na proces (temperatura, deformacija i brzina deformacije).
Izotermalni napon – procesi u hladnom stanju
Izotermalni napon – procesi u toplom stanju
Napon – procesi u toplom stanju
ULAZNI PODACI ZA CAE ANALIZU – KRIVE TEENJA
Prof. Dr Vesna Mandi, CAD/CAM/CAE I, OAS
3/26
Test na zatezanje
Test na uvijanje
Test na pritiskivanje
slobodno sabijanje prstena,
specijalni postupci -metoda po Šofmanu.
Izbor metode zavisi od uslova ispitivanja (stepena i brzine deformacije, i temperature ispitivanja), vrste materijala i raspoloive opreme.
4/26
Test na zatezanje
Eksperimentalno odreivanje krivih teenja testom zatezanja je najjednostavnije što se tie merenja i odsustva trenja, ali ima ogranienja vezana za rani poetak lokalizovanja deformacije i nastanak prostornog naponskog stanja.
Jednoosno zatezanje postoji do veoma malih iznosa deformacije εM=0.2÷0.3, tako da ovako dobijene krive nemaju zadovoljavajuu primenu u analizi procesa zapreminske obrade, gde nastaju veoma velike plastine deformacije, na primer valjanje ili kovanje.
5/26
Laboratorija za Obradu deformisanjem - MFKg
6/26
DIMEG - Padova
7/26
METODE ODREIVANJA KRIVIH TEENJA
Krive teenja za Al leguru 6060 (ISO AlMgSi0.5), test uvijanja, DIMEG – Padova
500°C & 10s-1
450°C & 10s-1
500°C & 0,1s-1
450°C & 0,1s-1
6/26
Test pritiskivanja cilindrinog pripremka je najšire primenjivani test, zbog jednostavnosti opreme i mogunosti odreivanja napona teenja u širem opsegu deformacija, ak i do ε=2.
Pored toga, ovaj test omuguuje dobijanje krivih teenja i na povišenim temperaturama.
U ovom testu, cilindrini pripremak se sabija u izotermalnim uslovima, pri postojanju jednoosnog naponskog stanja. Na slici 1 prikazani su geometrijski odnosi cilindrinog pripremka pre i posle sabijanja.
9/26
Cilindrini pripremci sa spiralnim ljebovima i konusnim udubljenjem za mazivo
Rastegajev pripremak
do=ho
10/26
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0.6159917382
0.8652533757
0.8846445651
0.623405683
0.8879558264
0.6254640027
0.8906383342
0.6272316552
0.8944830141
0.6292978733
0.9071463181
0.6310723217
0.9102721346
0.6331464989
0.9145861488
0.6352249873
0.9231382698
0.6373078048
0.9275082695
0.6411874416
0.9322974233
0.643282728
0.9355029823
0.6454825089
0.9401962527
0.6472859359
0.9442366623
0.6490926211
0.9487000497
0.65422936
0.9527750349
0.6546333596
0.9550915857
0.6570607908
0.9591927534
0.6597987127
0.9756284524
0.6620351678
0.9752107706
0.6663187032
0.9793954607
0.6786594604
0.9831767131
0.681145993
0.9872540473
0.6908401326
0.9914895471
0.6936722528
0.995316896
0.6958805717
0.9985888244
0.6987270234
1.0028727093
0.7003118935
1.0071750248
0.7031710049
1.0282345498
0.705719318
1.0396008246
0.7082741417
1.043617193
0.7105149792
1.0506473618
0.7124397018
1.053804547
0.714368136
1.0565186621
0.7192055548
1.0601489792
0.7217951117
1.0631843435
0.7282984947
1.0668389844
0.7286247767
1.0700477884
0.7314570226
1.0726529542
0.7337504763
1.0772669273
0.7347349976
1.0948398856
0.7363780233
1.0945261601
0.738682804
1.0982973776
0.7406625671
1.1023989767
0.7452973138
1.107629197
0.7472902286
1.111928909
0.7492871229
1.1156062655
0.7512880129
1.1199404885
0.7586590536
1.1251017903
0.7657460961
1.1299648247
0.7677802249
1.1356684171
0.7694784988
1.1400906665
0.7715202417
1.1450273229
0.773566162
1.1646847942
0.774932438
1.168561748
0.7769853584
1.1816516077
0.7813331913
1.1867982994
0.7837440759
1.1917987409
0.7896233942
1.2015261061
0.7899703153
1.2067763807
0.7924021387
1.2124072244
0.7948398902
1.2171830361
0.7962355638
1.2207354377
0.7986826897
1.2260878144
0.8011358186
1.2414103314
0.8053552342
1.2408655207
0.8081781012
1.2457795355
0.8095925286
1.2509011856
0.811717928
1.2556806065
0.814084793
1.2612238579
0.8169324456
1.2699705407
0.8255243839
1.2742788736
0.8284048467
1.279360281
0.830932076
1.2842780136
0.8338281803
1.2894106169
0.8457417664
1.2922734874
0.8490491743
1.2966792028
0.851998304
1.3104032029
0.8538459365
1.319003725
0.8568092675
1.323726284
0.8597814059
1.3288676835
0.8693770929
1.3346336802
0.8696275626
1.3625368248
0.8722612883
1.3668520478
0.8752797788
1.3718066409
0.8778021663
1.3889224835
0.8789393198
1.3882911039
0.8819780661
1.3982288113
0.8846445651
1.4031281714
0.8877007243
1.4082662687
0.8907662523
1.4138624951
0.8930715812
1.4177552336
0.8975694363
1.4214456752
0.900665414
1.4273351022
0.9076666094
1.4330393739
0.9104025892
1.4383338933
0.9131460752
1.4427675073
0.9165532335
1.4512459159
0.9201037665
1.4665995704
0.9224778114
1.4704751025
0.9252546727
1.4745950442
0.9284376993
1.4805761985
0.948293463
1.4861291975
0.948293463
1.491479914
0.9523667883
1.4963904815
0.9604263907
1.5003834404
0.9649627928
1.5053380336
0.9692430893
1.5100796261
0.9725694957
1.5157993748
0.975907004
1.5426872729
0.9796750637
1.5429328223
0.9845808133
1.5488441696
0.9892283817
1.5545421907
0.9926220501
1.5597732401
0.9958851586
1.5700657874
0.9997294005
1.5751252467
1.0164156335
1.5817410469
1.0206310624
1.5899441178
1.0258888516
1.5953641852
1.03161616
1.6013343522
1.0367841302
1.6213192403
1.0412351761
1.6290515812
1.0448103326
1.6379237996
1.0482485601
1.6537107361
1.0532024094
1.661698659
1.0580296929
1.669750903
1.0616655096
1.6764642149
1.065771667
1.6829403744
1.069741744
1.6894587481
1.0949967852
1.6963061357
1.0948398856
1.7037774349
1.0984548208
1.7113049748
1.1031896781
1.716549742
1.1089012595
1.7215285193
1.1135260983
1.7398994064
1.117369793
1.7537508774
1.1210672492
1.7668748259
1.1249400957
1.777685742
1.1432143847
1.7801733055
1.1481665242
1.7839162918
1.1534759775
1.7886148125
1.1594830038
1.7901859048
1.164348377
1.794914046
1.1688995859
1.7996646487
1.1729625676
1.8134094712
1.1768718103
1.8172791954
1.1825075523
1.8237622003
1.1885197666
1.8296330587
1.1931825848
1.8352095862
1.1976933488
1.8421414508
1.2018752682
1.8477883684
1.2210913729
1.8527975623
1.2262667213
1.8574955576
1.2321886767
1.8635684507
1.2385080983
1.8703596483
1.2454147052
1.8751410782
1.2686629847
1.8833913828
1.2729656758
1.9057308807
1.2769104541
1.9050251644
1.2812488557
1.9092669523
1.2857960405
1.9195928407
1.2896012201
1.9256958932
1.3061305221
1.9343758754
1.3100140221
1.9785634983
1.3135221138
1.9762881844
1.3170425555
1.9740180359
1.321559009
1.32451555
1.3290659585
1.3338363909
1.3380292692
1.3420388976
1.3462663825
1.3509170835
1.3564043445
1.3774100592
1.3778263789
1.3832543672
1.3882911039
1.3931418991
1.3963181855
1.4001430945
1.4037689916
1.4304025893
1.4505739482
1.4559623761
1.4604750191
1.4672823974
1.4704751025
1.4739072074
1.4798842367
1.4886846641
1.4935814909
1.4963904815
1.5010897383
1.5053380336
1.5157993748
1.5157993748
1.5198707491
1.525164313
1.5302435354
1.5380332535
1.5421963549
1.5473630535
1.552308662
1.5575280103
1.5617732408
1.5662879211
1.5713282544
1.5907166168
1.6089131158
1.6168141313
1.6205227449
1.6277141462
1.6354962866
1.641711683
1.6553581829
1.660869357
1.6680795934
1.6747816571
1.6812468939
1.7011848942
1.7072446444
1.7121771946
1.7174265505
1.7206481084
1.7318576653
1.736317313
1.7404976714
1.7449961045
1.7501189122
1.7555718188
1.7601387319
1.7653399062
1.7798620214
1.7879870661
1.7917594692
&A
Experimental results: Flow stress curves for Rastegaev's and spiral specimens
35393.6305732484
39510.8280254777
55795.6118612316
47103.1847133758
36384.614674758
43787.4396910577
60203.7477967188
49102.2819599779
38459.9727836568
44966.9978768578
62440.0095814269
50943.6447832556
39562.6607820519
45982.406339335
64400.6317422349
52779.4305966531
40701.403280004
47024.3838373706
73117.8558583174
54638.6093585436
41846.9291338583
48170.7918484712
77848.1674276244
56591.5294983032
47494.1323035258
49389.4270859455
79396.9966901027
58604.5288797499
48359.5563802932
50491.7352592073
80906.7837331201
62638.4328201013
49256.8734640654
51528.9424745474
83762.9395835026
64789.5804871525
50107.7459585068
52619.5745022318
85247.5173653266
70754.73367103
50879.1012588395
54524.834077269
86621.6073009874
72692.6202250197
51651.9132688032
55442.1625959176
88085.2249830604
74535.9297858468
52400.5143688249
56062.97447214
89429.8543519391
76339.7402076333
53235.0067706505
56096.7211327883
90685.9492500653
78234.7204306468
54796.6979286825
58425.578280422
92051.3098311038
86596.8243141582
55524.7981008743
59083.2166106625
93249.1305917376
87958.0052493438
56335.03251584
59775.0386679372
96753.8338035873
89205.4023438153
58947.1969506996
63651.0573248408
96823.9763255251
90438.718090175
58937.4793119013
64318.2667134761
99156.3215832054
95332.2481568785
59824.4057709347
64997.2003945367
100189.2768096
95332.2481568785
60572.081381547
65672.8526004313
101120.60808962
96418.0237725061
61326.9126836852
66313.2062122808
101999.215354207
97512.7605864553
62034.3375294649
66935.3656652791
103002.835982401
98618.6391159704
63332.8473176522
67516.4344584316
103851.318530966
99703.7765183811
63910.4051356638
69803.3000651989
104720.707575631
100665.302773459
64570.3218817393
70325.3536620025
105539.415440018
101606.058478359
65220.3770834378
70851.0086430279
106304.262355527
102588.429108782
65816.9143888861
71330.5865556614
107113.19398598
103520.324723741
66419.8477355935
71827.3742915894
108729.230434449
105208.219469382
66953.065516492
72311.1730778876
110978.855609438
106064.657204474
69050.7102663122
72799.9721818212
113373.066985288
106869.536085059
69623.8647876022
73284.4514435696
113930.379860084
109278.499423241
70146.6705451627
73725.0106157113
114544.999326466
109987.891870204
72025.9383118511
74625.3406222311
115097.682453895
110624.487353094
72480.7708845311
75067.0077068392
115616.520771898
111304.595282278
72920.2066302222
75420.7853954561
116132.018510349
111957.492752896
73364.179948844
75855.3556346858
116504.213855389
113258.920240066
74171.308357156
77102.4584984202
116953.889526201
113922.648076634
74562.3174682782
77108.0344383704
117429.810616787
114570.630824013
75680.3568216393
77482.385275089
118954.135506087
115216.138823411
75666.7922496949
77845.5055920558
119368.753316843
118037.839410201
75944.7407927512
78090.7089288998
120125.089580628
118036.424962803
76338.2011133958
78412.6840195931
120404.046198473
118602.762425397
76648.6423591955
78765.5084006219
120727.355549519
119556.387782737
77024.912115285
80791.390808633
121021.222022988
120022.173228346
77304.0092281458
82087.6687229383
121346.377483786
120385.890566227
77553.7950749787
82378.2103415417
121666.745602482
120679.884848789
78224.7775715934
82696.6423591956
121933.019060382
120997.24158684
78474.0257786248
82996.6004313155
122197.153732593
121343.156895197
78828.8867713192
83271.0497684605
122480.939503389
121767.979002625
79113.79306886
83501.4688132136
122686.76573177
122087.210792918
79380.6710466924
83835.2992627514
123572.982570703
123321.949546116
80608.865038367
84155.9128675795
123795.763097971
123669.478843807
80884.9979102931
84414.5823428123
124083.970633966
123984.16236187
81115.4308641356
84635.4469130849
124659.972421806
124247.579116305
81455.8922045572
84815.9152080512
124813.524905427
124453.070933012
81774.6970927997
85326.2289984453
125612.789653395
124653.173512547
82125.2890649815
85601.0918635171
125705.408186344
124982.316063995
82446.0652991625
85860.2069645753
125866.00472579
125210.895899159
82726.7972649916
86488.5243994182
126017.654815825
125410.435160573
83538.9088720598
86738.2690539479
126430.694535085
125741.145159403
83564.6818797332
86942.1816540448
126472.302225299
125910.276476587
83788.3566210275
87118.1738970527
126604.966974099
126152.293562031
83976.928565458
87352.7918819065
126797.522546516
126324.252169116
84228.9944330207
87555.9437618069
126947.955833665
126888.428373205
84421.4855308691
87796.1087985021
127035.055334671
127118.3488306
84719.4235752378
88244.1847635288
127262.537974234
127875.86672685
84887.6208435729
88439.8342945985
127356.791954586
127973.34269522
85030.6672685022
88565.0877844091
127416.323633739
128112.337830383
85221.1415483892
88748.3705301169
127524.202590191
128232.619890667
85418.3355233462
89676.4957119214
127571.208704133
128377.729140545
85646.9667151479
89650.7660364111
127775.077327167
128495.482421385
85874.2278616447
89788.5216577227
128326.258480285
128594.67776719
86537.041978033
90035.7097146296
128421.741056326
128699.301937576
86710.6097597673
90239.2617483324
128532.550524397
129109.964592006
86917.5272581373
90381.2874600866
128608.351447771
129210.973469081
87072.7821187956
90459.5688850996
128712.439554
129360.700536637
87391.7854790444
90582.2251199492
128782.905305955
129449.45550596
87538.5574000702
90788.3829680526
128909.727256758
129529.919053112
87719.3065516492
91613.176989819
128993.860867735
129667.726566026
87855.1983549827
91752.6198906665
129149.453506326
129754.389822291
87910.1868699533
91964.9367905445
130044.40613232
129872.923082067
88083.973452363
92149.2969557149
130076.701260186
129940.335623652
88300.0351070766
92261.6107126737
130124.600410959
130105.180801444
88476.8982730662
92335.6108129796
130202.318200906
130227.750906933
88721.8774595851
92493.8464984871
130231.656015326
130307.152013642
90154.180383503
92685.3660999382
130290.260351311
130435.695538058
90169.9650601
92870.9556146246
130380.960945615
130765.490746778
90248.1945935102
93005.8695019811
130422.768577449
130782.194493204
90374.5415517328
93064.770215825
130504.107294044
130872.965745524
90475.6130197101
93146.7824865841
130461.40019294
130845.472290486
90551.5871407794
93415.5414012739
130510.568142141
130783.981811191
90749.0951401775
93950.7947239079
130590.826209125
130871.533644282
90826.4628450106
94349.3142083354
130592.420917753
130924.747680425
90959.6209773141
94750.2747379508
130592.888341593
131178.158984904
91050.2515338449
94911.4286574051
130656.828921069
131390.553989668
91482.578129963
96333.8780614207
130661.031983372
131435.863918284
91520.3209789859
97006.6628550412
130670.746573106
131399.341324373
91664.4598023973
97191.2974572446
130734.768630133
131569.931491048
91707.8818396108
97414.8240132404
130784.865530612
131678.107828878
91840.5884614742
97858.6978283766
130929.169776265
131734.53700453
91995.5399969908
97977.5579517529
131003.911491489
131808.888576826
92071.9356704616
98192.1965996289
130975.282853376
131766.958021967
92173.7806977949
98372.0347058529
131025.028113902
131949.800491499
92246.7285219921
98645.1284417474
131045.500420426
132102.335590217
92530.7788755705
98868.1601551398
131079.367207349
132141.695638364
92618.7164184095
99004.0337696642
131086.126091747
132240.934851296
92690.1930889212
99184.8005750874
131190.592639754
132416.067405587
92830.6802414029
99366.5345971881
131252.445357011
132420.501195312
93162.5093869636
99556.9960379157
131294.006948085
132362.886537272
93220.2668806526
100197.731079793
131346.386292039
132403.459351021
93705.246334654
100235.508166575
131390.017520092
132520.045338282
93826.4640486818
100343.44965478
131431.812287049
132687.410201113
93917.4851296454
100405.035357841
131408.949793712
132789.52538576
93992.9986458699
100466.422588896
131519.839131224
132862.73694769
94088.2464851129
100522.414163198
131883.604230017
132978.787969975
94468.8617617065
100642.774863333
131894.096072695
133048.864637143
94556.9587241085
100797.536486283
131951.284200211
133122.490796931
94635.9313238711
100922.626811776
131998.288170007
133140.94922848
94699.2166106625
101018.581339753
131980.804803083
133171.003560861
94789.1228246151
101113.892839828
132038.077088332
133330.44666232
94841.2787000351
101479.725429226
131999.701698293
133333.606165471
94884.6638246652
101473.218650217
132027.825926047
133348.617282712
94997.1717739104
101540.981058896
131990.793307476
133285.344300115
95065.9511510106
101721.488941271
132036.726276318
133427.389805574
95192.1386896701
101708.675460153
132077.856357999
133461.920189913
95235.3793737566
101652.934249461
132051.979731346
133499.357573934
95275.2262400321
101628.884363977
132120.732846641
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123818.259023354
FORM
11/26
Steel, 1010
Al 1100
Cu CDA230
12/26
DEFORMACIONI OTPOR, KRIVE TEENJA MATERIJALA I UTICAJNI FAKTORI
13/26
Odreivanje krivih teenja testom pritiskivanja cilindrinog pripremka izvodi se na razliitim mašinama, u zavisnosti od uslova ispitivanja, koji se tiu brzine deformacije:
10-4÷100 s-1 - na univerzalnim mašinama za ispitivanje, ili hidraulinim presama,
1÷25 s-1 - na mehanikim presama i nekim ekiima,
102÷106 s-1 - na visoko-brzinskim ekiima, mašinama sa gasnim i eksplozivnim pogonom, ili sistemu sa Hopkinson-ovim štapom.
14/26
Ureaj sa komorom za ispitivanje na povišenim temperaturama (Doremus 1991)
Termo-mehaniki simulator GLEEBLE 2000 – DIMEG Padova
Brzina grejanja: 10000°C/s
Maksimalna sila: 20 tona
Maksimalna brzian: 2 m/s
Maksiamlna temperatura: 3000°C
15/26
Interfejz za smanjenje barelinga usled trenja i termikog gradijenta–DIMEG
Krive teenja (T. Dal Negro – DIMEG Padova)
16/26
Krive teenja za elik AISI 1015 (1220) (Doremus 1991)
Uticaj temperature i brzine deformacije na napon teenja u materijalu
17/26
18/26
300 do 10000s-1
19/26
20/26
21/26
Mnogi autori istiu da je do deformacije φM=0.8 neznatan uticaj trenja pri eksperimen-talnom odreivanju krivih teenja na povišenim temperaturama.
Do te konstatacije došlo se FEM simulacijom procesa, prime-nom programa METFOR (Cava-liere 2000a).
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Documents

11._Ulazni_podaci_za_CAE_analizu_-_krive_tecenja