· 120 Jwé_V {gÕmÝV-1 _m{bH$ Ho$ ^mUo (XoI| "^mUm' H$m àH$aU) go hþŠ_ CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& XmoZm| EH$ hr dñVw h¢, na AdñWm H$s Ñ{ï> go CZ_| ^oX h¡Ÿ& nhbo H

$Page 1: · 120 Jwé_V {gÕmÝV-1 _m{bH$ Ho$ ^mUo (XoI| "^mUm' H$m àH$aU) go hþŠ_ CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& XmoZm| EH$ hr dñVw h¢, na AdñWm H$s Ñ{ï> go CZ_| ôX h¡Ÿ& nhbo H$
120 Jwé_V {gÕmÝV-1

_m{bH$ Ho$ ^mUo (XoI| "^mUm' H$m àH$aU) go hþŠ_CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& XmoZm| EH$ hr dñVw h¢, na AdñWm H$s Ñ{ï>go CZ_| oX h¡Ÿ& nhbo H$moB© EH$ ~mV ^mVr h¡, {\$a CgH$s{g{Õ Ho$ hoVw gmYZ H$s Amdí`H$Vm hmoVr h¡Ÿ& dh gmYZeãX h¡, Cg_| Omo {Z`ÝÌU `m ~ÝXmo~ñV H$aZo H$m ^md h¡Cgo hþŠ_ H$hVo h¢, Omo gd©k h¡Ÿ&

"^mUo' go hþŠ_ hþAm Omo Zm_ `m eãX-ê$n hmoH$agånyU© aMZm H$m "H$Îmm© nwéf' ~ZmŸ& Bg àH$ma hþŠ_ H$Vm©H$s "aµOm' go gå~pÝYV h¡…

hþH$_r g¥g{Q> gmOrAZw ~hþ {^{V g§gmamŸ&&Voam hþH$_w Z Omnr Ho$V‹S>m gMo AbI AnmamŸ&&

(gyhr dma _. 3, 786)

gånyU© g¥{ï> _m{bH$ Ho$ hþŠ_ go ~Zr Am¡a dh Cgo "H$Îmm©'hmoZo H$s h¡{g`V go AnZo hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa Mbm ahm h¡…

hþH$_r hþH$_w MbmE amhþŸ&&(OnwOr, 2)

emóm| _| Vmo Cgo Ho$db gmjr (XoIZodmbm) hr _mZm h¡Ÿ& nagÝVm| Zo CgH$mo Hw$b _m{bH$ H$Vm©-ê$n _mZm h¡Ÿ& _m{bH$ZmedmZ Zht h¡, CgH$m hþŠ_ ^r gM h¡, A{dZmer h¡…

gMw hþH$_w Vw_mam VI{V {ZdmgrŸ&&AmB Z Omd¡ _oam à w A{~ZmgrŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 5, 562)

Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ g~ Hw$N> hþŠ_ goàH$Q> hþAm h¡, hþŠ_ _| hr g~ H$m © hmo ahm h¡ Am¡a hþŠ__| hr Bg aMZm H$s ì`dñWm H$mb (XoI| "H$mb' H$m àH$aU)Ho$ AYrZ aIr JB© h¡Ÿ& _m{bH$ Ho$ hþŠ_ H$mo nhMmZZo gohr Ord H$mb Ho$ Koao go {ZH$b gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& _m{bH$ Omo MmhoH$aVm h¡, Ordm| H$m H$moB© de Zht…

hþH$_r g o D$nO{h hþH$_r H$ma H$_m{hŸ&&hþH$_r H$mb¡ d{g h¡ hþH$_r gm{M g_m{hŸ&&

ZmZH$ Omo {Vgw ^md¡ gmo WrEo BZm O§Vm d{g {H$Nw> Zm{hŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 55)

hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa hr gånyU© g¥{ï> H$s CËn{Îm hmoVr h¡ Am¡aAÝV _| àb` hmoVr h¡…

hþH$_r gmOo hþH$_r T>mho EH$ Mgo _{h bIŸ&&g w H$mo ZW¡ Z{WAm ~Igo Vmo‹S>o ZWŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1289)

g~H$mo ZmWZm Am¡a {\$a ZW H$mo Vmo‹S>H$a _wº$ H$aZmhþŠ_ H$m hr H$m_ h¡Ÿ& O~ hþŠ_ hmo OmVm h¡, g~H$mo OmZm

n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ& OÝ_-_aU H$m gånyU© àgma CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$AÝXa h¡…

hþH$_w ^BAm ahUm Zhr Yw[a \$mQ>o Mra¡Ÿ&&(_mê$ _. 1, 1012)

hþH$_o Amd¡ hþH$_o OmBŸ&& AmJ¡ nrN>¡ hþH${_ g_mBŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 1, 151)

hþH$_o OwJ _{h AmBAm MbUw hþH${_ g§OmoJ OrCŸ&&hþH$_o nan§Mw ng[aAm hþH${_ H$ao ag ^moJ OrCŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 760)

g^mo gyVHw$ â_w h¡ XyO¡ bJ¡ OmBŸ&&O§_Uw _aUm hþH$_w h¡ ^mU¡ Amd¡ OmBŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 1, 472)

{XZ Am¡a amV, {V{W Am¡a dma, F$Vw d _hrZo, YaVr dAmH$me, nmZr Am¡a ndZ, A{¾ VWm g_ñV nw[a`m±, IÊS>,~«÷mÊS> Am¡a MoVZ bmoH$ g~H$mo ~ZmZo dmbm hþŠ_ h¡Ÿ& H$moB© ZhtOmZ gH$Vm {H$ hþŠ_ {H$VZm ~‹S>m h¡ Am¡a Z H$moB© CgHo$ H$m`©Ho$ {dñVma H$mo ~Vbm gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& Xw{Z`m Ho$ bmoJ CgH$mo Jm-JmH$a Am¡a CgH$m {dMma H$a-H$a Ho$ WH$ Jò h¢…

g o amVr g{^ {Xh g{^ {WVr g{^ dmaŸ&&g o éVr _mh g{^ g{^ YaVt g{^ ^maŸ&&g o nmUr nCU g{^ g{^ AJZr nmVmbŸ&&

g o nw[aAm I§S> g{^ g{^ bmoA bmoA AmH$maŸ&&hþH$_w Z Omnr Ho$V‹S>m H${h Z H$arO¡ H$maŸ&&

AmI{h WH${h Am{I Am{I H$[a {g\$Vt ~rMmaŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)

na hþŠ_ _| dhr ah gH$Vm h¡ Omo CgH$mo ^mE…T>m{h Cgmao hþH${_ g_md¡Ÿ&& hþH$_mo daV¡ Omo {Vgw ^md¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)

hþŠ_ Š`m h¡? `h OmZZm ~‹S>m H${R>Z h¡Ÿ& BgH$m dU©Zh_ {H$gr àH$ma ^r Zht H$a gH$VoŸ& OnwOr gm{h~ H$sXygar nm¡‹S>r _| µ\$a_m`m J`m h¡, ""hþH$_w Z H${hAm OmBŸ&''`h dU©Z H$m {df` Zht, BgH$m Ho$db AÝVa-AmË_m _|AZw d hmoVm h¡Ÿ& {H$ÝVw Omo Hw$N> CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa hmoahm h¡ VWm {OgH$m Hw$N> AZw_mZ {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡,CgH$m {dñVma Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Or OnwOr gm{h~ H$sXygar nm¡‹S>r _| Bg àH$ma H$aVo h¢…

hþH$_r hmod{Z AmH$ma hþH$_w Z H${hAm OmB©Ÿ&&hþH$_r hmod{Z OrC hþH${_ {_b¡ d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

hþŠ_

hþH$_r CV_w ZrMw hþH${_ {b{I XwI gwI nmB©A{hŸ&&BH$Zm hþH$_r ~Igrg B{H$ hþH$_r gXm ^dmB©A{hŸ&&

hþH$_¡ A§X[a g w H$mo ~mh[a hþH$_ Z H$moBŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH$_¡ Oo ~wP¡ V hC_¡ H$h¡ Z H$moBŸ&&

(OnwOr, 1)

gmH$ma g¥{ï>, Mmho dh ñWyb h¡ `m gyú_ `m H$maU, g~CgHo$ hþŠ_ go ~Zr h¡, na CgH$m hþŠ_ AdU©Zr` h¡Ÿ& dheãX AWdm Zm_ (XoI| "eãX Am¡a Zm_' Ho$ àH$aU) h¡ Omo_m{bH$ H$m ê$n h¡…

EH$mo Zm_w hþH$_w h¡ ZmZH$ g{VJw[a XrAm ~wPmB OrCŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 72)

hþH$_w ~yP¡ gmoB© nadmZwŸ&& gmMw g~Xw OmH$m ZrgmZwŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 386)

h_ àH¥${V (Hw$XaV) H$m dU©Z {H$gr gr_m VH$ H$agH$Vo h¢, na CgHo$ H$Vm© Ho$ {df` _| Hw$N> Zht H$h gH$VoŸ&àmH¥${VH$-{dÚm Ho$ Imo{O`m| Zo Hw$XaV Ho$ AZoH$ {Z`_m| H$mVmo nVm bJm {b`m na do CZH$m AÝV Z nm gHo$, {\$a ^bmCgHo$ H$Vm© Ho$ ~mao _| do Š`m H$h gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& àH¥${V Ho$ {Z`_`m H$mZyZ IwX hþŠ_ Zht h¢, hm±, do hþŠ_ _| ~±Yo hþE Adí`h¢Ÿ& hþŠ_ Vmo BZ g~H$m _yb H$maU h¡ VWm dh _m{bH$ gogå~pÝYV h¡Ÿ& hþŠ_ H$Vm© h¡, àH¥${V H¥$V h¡Ÿ& H¥$V H$mo OmZ^r b| Vmo Bggo Cg H$Vm© H$mo {H$g àH$ma OmZ gH$Vo h¢&Jwé gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ g~ Ord ^r CgHo$ hþŠ_ go CËnÝZhþE h¢ AWm©V², Omo ^r O‹S> Am¡a MoVZ g¥pîQ> h¡, g~ CgHo$hþŠ_ go CËnÝZ hþB© h¡Ÿ& hþŠ_ go hr Ordm| H$mo _hËd {_bVmh¡, CV_ AWdm ZrM J{V CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$ AZwgma hr hmoVrh¡Ÿ& o g~ hþŠ_r (hþŠ_ go CËnÝZ) hþŠ_ dmbo Ho$ hmW _|h¢Ÿ& h_mao Xw…I-gwI Ho$ boI ^r CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$ AZwgma {bIoOmVo h¢, CgHo$ hþŠ_ go hr H$B© bmoJ ~»eo OmVo h¢ Am¡a H$B©`mo{Z`m| _| oOo OmVo h¢Ÿ& VmËn © `hr h¡ {H$ Š`m O‹S> Am¡aŠ`m MoVZ, g~ CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa h¢, Hw$N> ^r Cggo~mha ZhtŸ& O~ `h g~Hw$N> CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa h¡ VmoA{^_mZ H$mo H$moB© ñWmZ Zht ahZm Mm{hE, Ah§H$ma H$m AÝVhmo OmZm Mm{h oŸ& Omo H$moB© CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$mo nhMmZ boVm h¡CgH$r "hm¢_¢' (Ah§ md) {_Q> OmVr h¡Ÿ& g~H$m H$Vm©, YVm©Am¡a hVm© dh _m{bH$ ñd § h¡Ÿ& Hw$XaV H$s VmH$V| Adí` h¢na CZH$mo MbmZo dmbm H$mXa (g_W©) ^r H$moB© h¡Ÿ& ~rO _|CJZo H$s e{º$ h¡, na ~rO ~moZo dmbm, nmZr XoZo dmbm, ajmH$aZo Am¡a \$gb H$mQ>Zo dmbm ^r H$moB© µOê$a hmoVm h¡Ÿ& ~rO_| CJZo H$s e{º$ Am¡a YaVr Am¡a nmZr H$mo Cgo CJmZo H$sgÎmm ^r Cgr Zo Xr h¡Ÿ& Xw…I-gwI, D±$Mr-ZrMr `mo{Z`m| _| dmgAm¡a CgH$s (na_mË_m H$s) ~p»ee, g~ h_mao H$_m] H$m\$b h¡, na hþŠ_ XoZo dmbm _m{bH$ h¡, {OgHo$ hþŠ_ H$sboIZr h_mao H$_m] Ho$ AZwgma MbVr h¡…

hþH${_ MbmE AmnU¡ H$a_r H$h¡ H$bm_Ÿ&&ZmZH$ gMm g{M ZmB gMw g^m Xr~mUwŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)

YY¡ Ym[a H$bm {O{Z N>moS>r h[a MrOr {OZr a§J H$sAmŸ&&{Vg Xm XrAm g^Zr brAm H$a_r H$a_r hþH$_w nBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 433)

ZmZH$ hþH$_r {bIrEo boIwŸ&& Oohm doI{h Vohm doIwŸ&&(Amgm dma _. 1, 466)

gmao bmoH$m| _o§ EH$ hþŠ_ hr H$m © H$a ahm h¡ VWm CgEH$ go hr g¥{ï> H$s CËn{Îm Am¡a àb` hmoVr h¡…

EH$mo hþH$_w daV¡ g^ bmoB©Ÿ&& EH$gw Vo g^ Amon{V hmoB©Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 1, 223)

CgH$m hþŠ_ AQ>b h¡, dh H$^r {_Q>m`m Zht OmgH$Vm…

gwUrEo EHw$ dImUrEo gwa{J {_a{V nBAm{bŸ&&hþH$_w Z OmB© _o{Q>Am Omo {b{IAm gmo Zm{bŸ&&

(_mê$ dma _. 1, 1091)

aU y{_ _| goZmn{V goZm H$mo AmJo ~‹T>Zo H$m hþŠ_ XoVmh¡ Am¡a H$B© ~ma IVao go ~MmZo Ho$ {bE nrN>o hQ>Zo H$m hþŠ_^r XoVm h¡Ÿ& dh n[apñW{V XoIH$a O¡gm C{MV g_PVm h¡d¡gm hþŠ_ XoVm h¡, na gmYmaU {gnmhr CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$moZht g_PVmŸ& Omo CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$mo _mZ H$a nrN>o hQ> OmVoh¢, do IVao go ~M OmVo h¢Ÿ&

h_ {H$gr _Zwî` Ho$ {Xb Ho$ oX `m _ÝVì` VH$ H$moVmo g_P Zht gH$Vo {\$a na_mË_m Ho$ hþŠ_ H$mo {H$g àH$maOmZ gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& EH$ AmX_r npíM_ H$s Amoa OmZo H$m g§H$ënH$aVm h¡ na ~oBp»V`ma ({Og na de Z Mbo) CgHo$ nyd©_| OmZo H$s ì`dñWm hmo OmVr h¡ {OgH$s Cgo H$ënZm VH$Z WrŸ& ~Zo hþE gm_mZ jU â _| Zï> hmo OmVo h¢ VWm COm‹S>ñWmZ ~g OmVo h¢Ÿ& h_mar hµOma MVwamB`m± ^r {H$gr H$m_Zht AmVtŸ& Omo R>mHw$a (_m{bH$) H$m hþŠ_ h¡ dh ha ñWmZna J{V_mZ h¡…

_Vm H$a¡ nN>_ H¡$ VmB© nya~ hr bo OmVŸ&&{IZ _{h Wm{n CWmnZhmam AmnZ hm{W _VmVŸ&&

{gAmZn H$mhÿ H$m{_ Z AmVŸ&&Omo AZê${nAmo R>mHw$[a _oa¡ hmoB ahr Ch ~mVŸ&&

(JyOar _. 5, 496)

h_ AZoH$ hr Cnm` gmoMVo h¢, na hmoVm dhr h¡ OmohmoZhma hmoŸ& ha H$moB© AnZm ^bm MmhVm h¡, na hmoVm dhrHw$N> h¡ {OgH$s h_| H$ënZm Zht hmoVr…

A{ZH$ Cnmd {MVdrA{h ~hþVoao gm hmod¡ {O ~mV hmod¡ZrŸ&&AnZm ^bm g w H$moB© ~mN>¡ gmo H$ao {O _oa¡ {M{V Z {MV¡ZrŸ&&

({~bmdb _. 4, 800)

hþŠ_ 121


dh H$m¡Z-gr VmH$V h¡ Omo h_mao nwéfmWm] Am¡a AWH$n[al_m| na hþHy$_V H$aVr h¡? dh hþŠ_ h¡, {Ogo _wgb_mZµ\$H$sa _er`Vo-EµOXr (_m{bH$ H$s _aµOr `m hþŠ_) H$hVoh¢, {Og_| h_mar ~w{Õ Am¡a Á`mo{Vf {dÚm H$s XIb AWdmnhþ±M Zht, Š`m|{H$ dh (hþŠ_ `m aµOm) CZH$s nhþ±M Ho$ joÌgo H$ht D$na go AmVr h¡Ÿ& CgH$mo H$m¡Z OmZ gH$Vm h¡Ÿ&CgH$m hþŠ_ Am¡a g~ hþŠ_m| H$m {eamo_{U h¡, dh à w H$sAmkm h¡, Bg{bE dh g~ H$_m] H$m H$_© Am¡a {g{Õ`m| H$s{g{Õ h¡…

{gYZ _{h Voar à^ {gYm H$a_Z {g[a H$a_mŸ&&Am{JAm _{h Voar à^ Am{JAm hþH$_Z {g[a hþH$_mŸ&&

(JyOar _. 5, 507)

h_mar ~w{Õ gr{_V h¡Ÿ& dh "hþŠ_' H$mo g_PZo `mo½` ZhtŸ&na_mË_m Ho$ hþŠ_ H$s J{V ~‹S>r à~b h¡, CgHo$ AmJo h_|XrZVmnyd©H$ {ga ZrMm H$aZm n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ& CgHo$ gmW _wµH$m~bmH$Xm{n Zht hmo gH$VmŸ& na_mË_m H$s aµOm Am¡a hþŠ_ Ho$ gÝ_wIZV-_ñVH$ hmoZo Ho$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a H$moB© Mmam ZhtŸ& Bg g§gmaHo$ AJmY g_wÐ _| hmW-n¡a _maZm ì`W© h¡…

~m µ\$µOmE Amg_m± Mmamh OwµO Vñbr_ ZoñV,Xa _whrVo ~oH$am§ {µOZham XñVmo nm _µOZŸ&

hþŠ_ Ho$ X[a`m H$s bham| go AZ{JZV g¥{ï>`m| Ho$ X[a`m~h Mbo…

H$sVm ngmC EH$mo H$dmCŸ&& {Vg Vo hmoE bI XarAmCŸ&&(OnwOr, 3)

`{X H$moB© CgHo$ (hþŠ_ Ho$) AmJo AH$‹S> H$a I‹S>m hmoOm o Vmo hþŠ_ H$m à~b àdmh CgH$mo O‹S> go CIm‹S> H$a_{b`m_oQ> H$a XoVm h¡Ÿ& Omo na_mË_m Ho$ hþŠ_ Ho$ gÝ_wI ZVhmo OmVo h¢ VWm à w Ho$ {H$ o hþE H$mo ^bm-^bm H$h H$añdrH$ma H$aVo h¢, do CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$s J{V H$mo g_PVo h¢VWm CgHo$ Xe©Z Ho$ ag Am¡a gwI _| _JZ ahVo h¢…

_Z H$s _{V {VAmJhþ h[aOZ hþH$_w ~y{P gwIw nmB©Eo aoŸ&&Omo à w H$a¡ gmoB© ^b _mZhþ gw{I Xw{I Amohr {YAmB©Eo aoŸ&&

(_. 5, 209)

O~ VH$ h_ CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$mo Zht g_P gH$Vo, h_XwIr ahVo h¢…

O~ bJw hþH$_w Z ~yPVm V~ hr bC XwIrAmŸ&&(_. 5, 400)

hþŠ_ _mZZm gXm Ho$ {bE gwIXm`r h¡Ÿ& Omo Cg "1'H$s hþŠ_-ê$nr H$sb go bJo ahVo h¢ do g§gma ê$nr MŠH$sHo$ H$mb Am¡a Xoe ê$nr Xmo nmQ>m| _| nrgo Zht OmVo Am¡aCgH$s aJ‹S>m| go ~M OmVo h¢Ÿ& Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢{H$ `h gånyU© aMZm MŠH$s Ho$ nmQ>m| _| nrgr Om ahr h¡,

H$moB© Cggo ~MVm Zht, na `h AX² wX h¡ {H$ Omo CgHo$ Xana n‹S>o ahVo h¢, do C~a OmVo h¢…

XwB nw‹S> MH$s Omo{‹S> H¡$ nrgU AmB ~{hRwŸ&&>Omo X[a aho gw C~ao ZmZH$ AO~w {S>RwŸ&&>

(_. 1, 142)

_m{bH$-ê$n hþŠ_ H$m OmZZm Vmo H${R>Z h¡ hr, CgHo$JwUm| Am¡a H$m`m] H$m dU©Z ^r H${R>Z h¡Ÿ& CZH$m {dMma H$aVohþE ~w{Õ MH$am OmVr h¡Ÿ& OnwOr gm{h~ H$s Vrgar nm¡‹S>r _|Jwé ZmZH$ Xod Or Zo µ\$a_m`m h¡…Jmd¡ H$mo VmUw hmod¡ {H$g¡ VmUwŸ&& Jmd¡ H$mo Xm{V OmU¡ ZrgmUwŸ&&

Jmd¡ H$mo JwU d{S>AmB©Am MmaŸ&& Jmd¡ H$mo {d{XAm {dI_w dmMméŸ&&Jmd¡ H$mo gm{O H$ao VZw IohŸ&& Jmd¡ H$mo OrA b¡ {\$[a XohŸ&&

Jmd¡ H$mo Omn¡ {Xg¡ Xy[aŸ&& Jmd¡ H$mo doI¡ hmXam hXy[aŸ&&H$WZm H$Wr Z Amd¡ Vmo{QŸ && H${W H${W H$Wr H$moQ>r H$mo{Q> H$mo{QŸ&&>

XoXm Xo b¡Xo W{H$ nm{hŸ&& OwJm OwJ§V[a Imhr Im{hŸ&&hþH$_r hþH$_w MbmE amhþŸ&& ZmZH$ {dJg¡ donadmhþŸ&&

(OnwOr, 1)

Omo bmoJ `h H$hVo h¢ {H$ do CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$m dU©Z H$aVoh¢, do R>rH$ Zht H$hVoŸ& H$moB© Vmo CgHo$ gm_Ï © H$m {µOH«$H$aVo h¢, na dh gm_Ï © h_mao AÝXa H$hm± {H$ h_ CgH$mdU©Z H$a gH|Ÿ & H$moB© CgHo$ XmZ d àgmXm| H$m dU©Z H$aVoh¢ Vmo H$moB© CgH$s {Zem{Z`m| H$m JwUJmZ H$aVo h¢Ÿ& na CgHo$àgmXm| Am¡a CgHo$ JwUm| H$mo ^r H$m¡Z Jm gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& CgH$s{dÚm, CgHo$ kmZ Am{X H$m H$m¡Z ~ImZ H$a gH$Vm h¡Ÿ&CgH$s Vmo H$ënZm _mÌ ^r AË`ÝV H${R>Z h¡Ÿ& Omo Xohm| H$mogOmVm h¡ Am¡a {\$a {_Q²>Q>r H$a XoVm h¡, Omo OrdZ bo boVmh¡ Am¡a {\$a Xo XoVm h¡, Omo g_rn àVrV hmoVm h¡ na Xya{XImB© XoVm h¡, Omo gX¡d hm{µOa Zm{µOa h¡, Eogo g_W© _m{bH$H$m H$m¡Z dU©Z H$a gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& Ord VwÀN>, Aënk Am¡a AnyU©h¡Ÿ& dh Cg Cƒ, gd©k Am¡a nyU© H$m Š`m dU©Z H$a gH$Vmh¡Ÿ& `{X H$aoJm ^r Vmo…

Vy gwbVmZw H$hm hC _rAm Voar H$dZ dS>mB©Ÿ&&(_. 1, 795)

H$amo‹S>m| hr, H$amo‹S>m| àH$ma go CgH$m dU©Z H$aVo aho h¢Am¡a dU©Z H$a H$a Ho$ CR> J o, CgH$s dmVm© H$m AÝV ZAm`mŸ& dh {df` gX¡d {ZV Z`m ~Zm ahm h¡…

g{X`m| {µ\$bmgµ\$r H$s MwZm± d MwZt ahr,bo{H$Z IwXm H$s ~mV Ohm§ Wr dht ahrŸ&

dh XmVma, AZ{JZV XmV| ~™emVm h¡ {OÝh| boZo dmbobo-boH$a WH$ OmVo h¢, wJ- wJ go Ord CgH$s AZ{JZVXmVm| H$mo nmVo aho h¢, na CZH$m AÝV Zht hmoVmŸ& dh gV²h¡ CgH$m ApñVËd gXm Ho$ {b o h¡, Cg_| go Omo hþŠ_ CR>Vmh¡ dh nyam hmo OmVm h¡, "Hw$Z-{\$`Hw$Z' hmo ~g nyam hmo J`m…

H$sVm ngmC EH$mo H$dmCŸ&& {Vg Vo hmoE bI XarAmCŸ&&(OnwOr, 3)

dh hþŠ_ XoZo dmbm gmao g§gma H$mo AnZo hþŠ_ H$s Ymam_| Mbm ahm h¡ Am¡a dh g~ H$aVo hþE ^r Cgo Cg H$m ©H$s H$moB© {MÝVm `m ^ma Zht, dh Abon h¡, ~onadmh({ZpíMÝV) hmoH$a ahVm h¡ (XoI| "~onadmh' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ&

gmao g§gma H$s H$bm hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa Mb ahr h¡,{OgH$m ~moY h_H$mo Jwé go àmá hmoVm h¡Ÿ& h_ CgHo$ hþŠ_go ñWm{nV Jwá AWdm àH$Q> {Z`_m| go n[a{MV hmoH$a gXmHo$ {bE gwIr hmo OmVo h¢…

Jwa {_{b hþH$_w nN>m{UAm V~ hr Vo gwIrAmŸ&&(_. 5, 400)

_m{bH$ H$m hþŠ_ Zm_ Ho$ gmW gd©Ì ì`má h¡, {\$a h_|{XImB© Š`m| Zht XoVm? gwhm{JZ AmË_mAm| go nVm MbVm h¡{H$ h_mao Am¡a CgHo$ ~rM Amnm-^md (Ah§) H$m AmdaU(naXm) h¡ O~ VH$ h_ Ah§ H$mo Zht Imo XoVo, hþŠ_ H$moZht nm gH$Vo…

gmohmJUr OmB nwN>hþ _wB©E {OZr {dMhþ Amn JdmBAmŸ&&{na H$m hþH$_w Z nmBAmo _wB©E {OZr {dÀhþ Amnw Z JdmBAmŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 568)

Cg hþŠ_ H$mo H$m¡Z g_P gH$Vm h¡?Jwé A_aXmg Or µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ {OgZo Bg g¥{ï> H$s

aMZm H$s h¡ dhr hþŠ_ H$s {d{Y H$mo OmZVm h¡Ÿ& H$Vm© ñd §hr hþŠ_ H$mo R>rH$-R>rH$ nhMmZVm h¡…

{O{Z H$sVo gmoB© {~{Y OmU¡Ÿ&& Amno H$ao Vm hþH${_ nN>mU¡Ÿ&&(_mP _. 3, 118)

Š`m CgH$m hþŠ_ CgHo$ A{V[aº$ {H$gr Am¡a go ^rg_Pm Om gH$Vm h¡? `{X g_Pm Om gH$Vm h¡ Vmo {H$gàH$ma? CgH$mo dh g_P gH$Vm h¡ {Og na _m{bH$ AmnH¥$nm Ñ{ï> H$ao Am¡a X`mbw hmo…

hþH$_w ^r {VZm _ZmBgr {OZ H$C ZX[a H$aoBŸ&&hþH$_w _§{Z gwIw nmBAm ào_ gwhmJ{U hmoBŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 510)ZmZH$ {Og{h XBAmbw ~wPmE hþH$_w {_VŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 523)

O~ _m{bH$ H$mo ^mE V^r Ord CgHo$ hþŠ_ H$mo _mZgH$Vm h¡…

Om {Vgw ^md¡ Vm hþH$_w _Zmd¡Ÿ&& Bg ~o‹S>o H$C nm[a bKmd¡Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r H$~ra, 337)

à w _{Z ^md¡ Vm hþH${_ g_md¡ hþH$_w _§{Z gwIw nmBAmŸ&&AZ{XZw OnV ah¡ {XZw amVr ghOo Zm_w {YAmBAmŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 4, 690)

hþŠ_ H$mo nhMmZZo Am¡a _mZZo H$m \$b eãX Am¡a Zm_H$s H$_mB© h¡…

hþH$_w {OZm Zmo _ZmBAmŸ&& {VZ A§V[a g~Xw dgmBAmŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 72)

JwU AdJwU g_m{Z h{h {O Am{n H$sVo H$aVm[aŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH${_ _§{ZEo gwIw nmB©Eo Jwa g~Xr drMm[aŸ&&

(_mê$ dma _. 3, 1092)

Ywa Ho$ hþŠ_ go hr gVJwé hmoZo H$s à{Vð>m àmá hmoVrh¡…g{VJwa H$s d{S>AmB© g{VJw[a {XVr Ywahþ hþH$_w ~w{P ZrgmUwŸ&&nwVr ^mVrB© OmdmB© gH$s AJhþ {nN>hþ Q>mo{b {S>R>m bm{hAmoZw g^ZmH$m A{^_mZwŸ&& ({~bmdb _. 3, 853)

gVJwé _| hþŠ_ àH$Q> h¡Ÿ& O~ VH$ gVJwé Z {_bo V~VH$ Z Zm_ {_bVm h¡ Z hþŠ_ H$m ~moY hmoVm h¡…

BC nmd{h h[a Xagmd‹S>m Zh bJ¡ VVr dmC OrCŸ&&hC Amnhþ ~mo{b Z OmUXm _¡ H${hAm g w hþH$_mC OrCŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 763)

hþŠ_ H$m ~moY AWdm g_P Jwé H$m àgmX h¡, dh JwéH$s _m¡O na {Z ©a h¡…

hþH$_o ~yP¡ VVw nN>mU¡Ÿ&& Bhþ nagmXw Jyê$ Vo OmU¡Ÿ&&(_bma dma _. 1, 1289)

IoVr dUOw g w hþH$_w h¡ hþH$_o _§{Z d{S>AmB© am_Ÿ&&Jwa_Vr hþH$_w ~wPrEo hþH$_o _o{b {_bmB© am_Ÿ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 569)

àË`j gVJwé `m gƒo Jwé Ho$ {_bmn go hr hþŠ_ H$m~moY hmoVm h¡ VWm hþŠ_ AÝVa _| ~g gH$Vm h¡, BgH$moN>mo‹S>H$a Am¡a H$moB© Cnm` Zht…ZmZH$ g{VJwa {_{bEo hþH$_w ~w{PAm EHw$ d{gAm _{Z AmBŸ&&

Oo VwYw ^md¡ g w gMw h¡ gMo aho g_mBŸ&&(JyOar _. 3, 491)

VrZ ^dZ {ZhHo$db {JAmZwŸ&& gmMo Jwa Vo hþH$_w nN>mZwŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 414)

H$moB© Jwé_wI hr, {Og na _m{bH$ Amn X`m H$ao, hþŠ_H$mo g_P gH$Vm h¡…

g w {H$Nw> hþH$_o AmdXm g w {H$Nw> hþH$_o OmBŸ&&OoH$mo _yaIw Amnhþ OmU¡ A§Ym A§Yw H$_mBŸ&&

ZmZH$ hþH$_w H$mo Jwa_w{I ~wP¡ {OgZmo {H$anm H$ao aOmBŸ&&({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 556)

gMm Voam hþH$_w Jwa_w{I Om{UAmŸ&&Jwa_Vr Amnw JdmB gMw nN>m{UAmŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 144)

g§gma _| Jwé_wI H$m hr AmZm g\$b h¡ VWm dhr_m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na ñdrH$ma hmoVm h¡Ÿ& dh hþŠ_ H$mo g_PH$a {Zhmb hmo OmVm h¡…

g\$bw OZ_w nadmZw Jwa_w{I AmBAmŸ&&hþH$_¡ ~w{P {Zhmbw Ig{_ \w$a_mBAmŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 523)

hþŠ_ 123


Jwé Ho$ àXmZ {H$ o hþE Zm_ Aä`mg H$aVo H$aVo Amnm-^md {_Q>Vm OmVm h¡ Am¡a AnZo AÝXa ì`má hþŠ_ H$s J{VH$mo Jwé_wI g_PZo bJ OmVm h¡, CgHo$ hþŠ_ Ho$ AmJo dh{ga ZV aIVm h¡ Am¡a gd©Ì Cgr H$s Ymam H$mo J{V_mZXoIVm h¡Ÿ& dh Cg_| brZ hmoVm ahVm h¡ Am¡a Hw$b _m{bH$_| g_m OmVm h¡Ÿ&

hþŠ_ H$m _mZZm g~ H$_m] _| loð> H$_© h¡, hþŠ_ Ho$_mZZo dmbo H$mo gMIÊS> Ho$ _mJ© _| H$moB© éH$mdQ> Zht AmVr…

_§Zo hþH$_w gw naJQw> OmBŸ&& gMw ZrgmU¡ R>mH$ Z nmBŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 355)

JwédmUr hþŠ_ H$mo nhMmZZo Ho$ AZoH$ \$bm| H$m dU©ZH$aVr h¡ ^` Am¡a {MÝVmE± {_Q> OmVr h¢, Ord C‚db hmoOmVm h¡ VWm Va OmVm h¡, eãX `m Zm_ Am¡a gM H$s àm{áVWm Ah§H$ma H$m Zme hmoVm h¡, OÝ_-_aU Ny>Q> OmVm h¡,{ZaÝVa gwI, {ZO-Ka VWm na_ nX H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡ Am¡aOrd _m{bH$ _| g_m OmVm h¡Ÿ& JwédmUr hþŠ_ H$mo Z _mZZoHo$ Xmofm| H$m ^r dU©Z H$aVr h¡Ÿ& BZHo$ ~mao _| nmR>H$m| Ho${dMma Ho$ hoVw à_mU AmJo {X o OmVo h¢Ÿ&

hþŠ_1. hþŠ_ Š`m h¡?

1. Zm_ `m eãX h¡gV g§J{V H¡$gr OmUrEoŸ&& {OW¡ EH$mo Zm_w dImUrEoŸ&&EH$mo Zm_w hþH$_w h¡ ZmZH$ g{VJw[a XrAm ~wPmB OrCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 72)

hþH$_w ~yP¡ gmoB© nadmZwŸ&& gmMw g~Xw Om H$m ZrgmZwŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 386)

2. gM VWm A{dZmer h¡gMw hþH$_w Vw_mam VI{V {ZdmgrŸ&& AmB Z Omd¡ _oam à w A{~ZmgrŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 5, 562)

{gYZ _{h Voar à^ {gYm H$a_Z {g[a H$a_mŸ&&Am{JAm _{h Voar à^ Am{JAm hþH$_Z {g[a hþH$_mŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 507)

2. hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa g~ Hw$N> hmo ahm h¡Amno YaVr Am{n Obw {nAmam Amno H$ao H$amBAmŸ&&Amno hþH${_ daVXm {nAmam Obw _mQ>r ~§{Y aImBAmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 4. 605)

nCUw nmUr ~¡g§Vamo hþH${_ H$a{h ^JVrŸ&&EZm Zmo ^C AJbm nyar ~UV ~UVrŸ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 3, 948)

hþH$_r hþH$_w MbmE amhþŸ&& ZmZH$ {dJg¡ donadmhþŸ&&(OnwOr, 2)

3. hþŠ_ go hr g~H$m BpÝVµOm_ H$mb Ho$ AYrZ h¡,hþŠ_ Ho$ AÝXa H$m`© H$aHo$ Ord gM _| g_m OmVm h¡

hþH$_r g o D$nO{h hþH$_r H$ma H$_m{hŸ&&hþH$_r H$mb¡ d{g h¡ hþH$_r gm{M g_m{hŸ&&ZmZH$ Omo {Vgw ^md¡ gmo WrEo BZm O§Vm d{g {H$Nw> Zm{hŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 55)

4. hþŠ_ _| hr g¥{ï> H$s CËn{Îm Am¡a àb` hmoVm h¡hþH$_r hmod{Z AmH$ma hþH$_w Z H${hAm OmB©Ÿ&&hþH$_r hmod{Z OrA hþH${_ {_b¡ d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(OnwOr, 1)

hþH$_r g¥g{Q> gmOrAZw ~hþ {^{V g§gmamŸ&&Voam hþH$_w Z Omnr Ho$V‹S>m gMo AbI AnmamŸ&&

(gyhr dma _. 3, 786)

{dUw Zmd¡ hmoé YZw Zmhr hmoé {~{IAm g w N>mamŸ&&ZmZH$ Am{n H$amE H$ao Am{n hþH${_ gdmaUhmamŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 141)

_mBAm __Vm H$aVo bmB©Ÿ&& Ehþ hþH$_w H$[a g¥g{Q> CnmB©Ÿ&&(_bma _. 3, 1261)

amOo a`{V {gH$Xma H$moB Z ahgrAmoŸ&&hQ> nQ>U ~mOma hþH$_r T>hgrAmoŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 141)

hþH$_w ^BAm ahUm Zhr Yw[a \$mQ>o Mra¡Ÿ&&Ehþ _Zw AdJ{U ~m{YAm ghþ Xoh gara¡Ÿ&&

(_mP _. 1, 1012)

hþH$_r gmOo hþ_H$s T>mho EH$ Mgo _{h bIŸ&&g w H$mo ZW¡ Z{WAm ~Igo Vmo‹S>o ZWŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1289)

Jmonr Z¡ JmoAm{bAmŸ&& VwYw Amno JmoB CR>mbrAmŸ&&hþH$_r ^m§S>o gm{OAm Vy§ Amno §{Z gdm[a OrCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 73)

hþH$_o Ym[a AYa ahmd¡Ÿ&& hþH$_o CnO¡ hþH${_ g_md¡Ÿ&&hþH$_o D$M ZrM {~ChmaŸ&& hþH$_o A{ZH$ a§J naH$maŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 277)

T>T>¡ T>m{h Cgma¡ Amno OrC {Vgw ^md¡ {Vd¡ H$aoŸ&&H$[a H$[a doI¡ hþH$_w MbmE {Vgw {ZgVmao Om H$C ZX[a H$aoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 433)

T>mho T>m{h Cgmao Amno hþH${_ gdmaUhmamoŸ&&Omo {Vgw ^md¡ g§§_«W gmo WrEo hrb‹S>m Ehþ g§gmamoŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 1, 579)

T>m{h Cgmao hþH${_ g_md¡Ÿ&& hþH$_mo daV¡ Omo {Vgw ^md¡Ÿ&&(Amgm _. 1, 414)

5. gmao bmoH$m| _| EH$ hþŠ_ hr ì`má hmo ahm h¡EH$mo hþH$_w daV¡ g^ bmoB©Ÿ&& EH$gw Vo g^ AmonVr hmoB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 233)

II¡ I§XH$mé gmh Amb_w H$[a Iar{X {O{Z IaMw XrAmŸ&&~§Y{Z Om Ho$ g w OJw ~{YAm Adar H$m Zhr hþH$_w nBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 432)

BH$mo hþH$_w daVXm EH$m {g[a H$mamŸ&&Am{n ^dmbr {XVrAZw A§V[a bmo w {dH$mamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 425)

6. g¥{ï> hþŠ_ _| ahVr h¡AmIUw doIUw ~mobUw MbUw OrdUw _aUm YmVwŸ&&hþH$_w gm{O hþH$_¡ {d{M aI¡ ZmZH$ gMm Am{nŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 145)hþH$_w gm{O hþH$_¡ {d{M aI¡ hþH$_¡ A§X[a doI¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ AJhþ hC_¡ VwQ>¡ Vm§ H$mo {bIrEo boI¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 2, 1243)

7. g~ Hw$N> hþŠ_ _| hr hmo ahm h¡, {H$gr Am¡a Ho$de _| Hw$N> Zht


(OnwOr, 1)Voa¡ hþH$_o gmdUw AmBAmŸ&& _¡ gV H$m hbw OmoAmBAmŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 73)H$~ M§X{Z H$~ A{H$ S>m{b H$~ CMr nar{VŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH${_ MbmBEo gm{h~ bJr ar{VŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 148)PP¡ Py[a _ahþ {H$Am àmUr Omo {H$Nw> XoUm gw Xo a{hAmŸ&&Xo Xo doH¡$ hþH$_w MbmE {OC OrAm H$m [aOHw$ nBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 433)g w OrC qnSw> XrAm VwYw Amno H$ma¡ bmBAmŸ&&Oohm Vy§ hþH$_w H$a{h Voho H$mo H$a_ H$_md¡ Vohm VwYw Yw[a {b{I nmBAmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 4, 736)Amno hþH$_w MbmBXm OJw Y§Ym bmBAmŸ&&B{H$ Amno hr Am{n bmBAZw Jwa Vo gwIw nmBAmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 789)hþH$_o H$a_ H$_mdUo nBEo {H$a{V {\$amCŸ&&hþH$_o XagZw XoIUm Oh oO{h Vh OmCŸ&&hþH$_o h[a h[a _{Z dg¡ hþH$_o g{M g_mCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 66){H$gZmo H$hrEo ZmZH$m {H$gZmo H$aVm XoBŸ&&hþH${_ ahmE AmnU¡ _yaIw Amnw JUoBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)~wam ^bm {H$Nw> Amng Vo Om{ZAm EB© gJb {dH$mamŸ&&Bhþ \w$a_mBAm Ig_ H$m hmoAm daV¡ Bhþ g§gmamŸ&&

B§Ðr YmVw g~b H$hrAV h¡ B§Ðr {H$g Vo hmoB©Ÿ&&Amno Iob H$a¡ g{^ H$aVm Eogm ~yP¡ H$moB©Ÿ&&JwanagmXr EH$ {bd bmJr Xw{~Ym VXo {~ZmgrŸ&&Omo {Vgw ^mUm gw g{V H$[a _{ZAm H$mQ>r O_ H$s \$mgrŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 993)gmoB© H$aUm {O Am{n H$amEŸ&& {OW¡ aI¡ gm ^br OmEŸ&&gmoB© {gAmUm gmo n{Vd§Vm hþH$_w bJ¡ {Ogw _rR>m OrCŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 108)Om {Vgw ^mdo gmoB© H$agr {\$[a hþH$_w Z H$aUm OmB©Ÿ&&gmo nm{Vgmhþ gmhm nm{V gm{h~w ZmZH$ ahUw aOmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 348)

{OC {OC Voam hþH$_w {Vd¡ {VC hmodUmŸ&&Oh Oh aI{h Am{n Vh OmB I‹S>modUmŸ&&

(JyOar _. 5, 523)

8. hþŠ_ go hr Ord ~»eo OmVo h¢ Am¡a à{Vð>mnmVo h¢, hþŠ_ go hr Ord Xw…I CR>mVo h¢

hþH$_r CV_w ZrMw hþH${_ {b{I XwI gwI nmB©A{hŸ&&BH$Zm hþH$_r ~Igrg B{H$ hþH${_ gXm ^dmB©A{hŸ&&

(OnwOr, 1)

hþH$_r n¡Ym OmB XaJh ^mUrEoŸ&& hþH$_o hr {g[a _ma ~§{X a~mUrEoŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 420)

Bhþ OJw gM¡ H$s h¡ H$moR>‹S>r gMo H$m {d{M dmgwŸ&&BŠÝhm hþH${_ g_mB bE BH$Ýhm hþH$_o H$ao {dUmgwŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 2, 463)

BH$Vw gy{V namoB Omo{V g§OmarEoŸ&& hþH$_o ^dOb _§{P hþH$_o VmarEoŸ&&(JyOar dma _. 5, 518)

hþH$_o ^d¡ ^mdmB©E {nAmao AdJ{U _wR>r amoBŸ&&hþH$_w {gÄmmn¡ gmh H$m {nAmao gMw {_b¡ d{S>AmB© hmoBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 1, 636)

9. AmZm-OmZm, OÝ_-_aU g~ CgHo$ hþŠ_ _| h¡hþH$_o Amd¡ hþH$_o Omd¡ hþH$_¡ ah¡ g_mB©Ÿ&&nyao Jwa Vo gmMw H$_md¡ J{V {_{V g~Xo nmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 940)doH$s g¥g{Q> CnmB©AZw g^ hþH${_ Amd¡ OmB g_mhrŸ&&Amno do{I {dJgXm XyOm H$mo ZmhrŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 947)hþH$_¡ Amd¡ hþH$_o OmBŸ&& AmJ¡ nmN>¡ hþH${_ g_mBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 151)hþH$_¡ A§X[a AmBAm {nAmao hþH$_¡ OmXmo OmBŸ&&hþH$_¡ ~§{Z MbmB©Eo {nAmao _Z_w{I bh¡ gOmBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 1, 636)g{^ AmE hþH${_ Ig_mhþ hþH${_ g^ daVZrŸ&&gMw gm{h~w gmMm Iobw g w h[a YZrŸ&&

({Vb§J _. 4, 723)

hþŠ_ 125


hþH$_o OwJ _{h AmBAm MbUw hþH${_ g§Omo{J OrCŸ&&hþH$_o nan§Mw ng[aAm hþH${_ H$ao ag ^moJ OrCŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 760)hþH$_r {g[a O§Xmé _mao XmB©EoŸ&& Amno XoB {nAmé _§{Z dgmB©EoŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 147)Eogm gmMm Vy§ EH$mo OmUwŸ&& O§_U _aUm hþH$_w nN>mUwŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 412)g^mo gyVHw$ â_w h¡ XyO¡ bJ¡ OmBŸ&&O§_Uw _aUm hþH$_w h¡ ^mU¡ Amd¡ OmBŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 1, 472)

10. hþŠ_ H$s boIZr H$_m©Zwgma MbVr h¡YY¡ Ym[a H$bm {O{Z N>moS>r h[a MrOr {O{Z a§J H$sAmŸ&&{Vg Xm XrAm g^Zr brAm H$a_r H$a_r hþH$_w nBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 433)

hþH${_ MbmE AmnU¡ H$a_r dh¡ H$bm_Ÿ&&ZmZH$ gMm g{M ZmB gMw g^m Xr~mUwŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)

11. hþŠ_ {_Q>m`m Zht Om gH$Vm{H$aVw nBAm nadmUm {b{IAm ~mhþ{‹S> hþH$_w Z hmoB©Ÿ&&O¡gm {b{IAm O¡gm n{‹S>Am _o{Q> Z gH¡$ H$moB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 359)gwUrEo EHw$ dImUrEo gwa{J {_a{V nBAm{bŸ&&hþH$_w Z OmB© _o{Q>Am Omo {b{IAm gmo Zm{bŸ&&

(_mê$ dma _. 1, 1091)

12. hþŠ_ {H$VZm ~‹S>m h¡, H$moB© Zht OmZ gH$Vmg o amVr {Xh g{^ {WVr g{^ dmaŸ&&g ¡ éVr _mh g{^ g{^ YaVt g{^ ^maŸ&&g o nmUr nCU g{^ g{^ AJZr nmVmbŸ&&g o nw[aAm I§S> g{^ g{^ bmoA bmoA AmH$maŸ&&hþH$_w Z Omnr Ho$V‹S>m H${h Z gH$sO¡ H$maŸ&&AmI{h WH${h Am{I Am{I H$[a {g\$Vt drMmaŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)Voam hþH$_w Z Omnr Ho$V‹S>m {b{I Z OmU¡ H$moBŸ&&Oo gC gmBa _obrA{h {Vbw Z nwOmd{h amoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 53)

13. "hm¢_¢' (Ah§H$ma) Ho$ H$maU hþŠ_ Zht g_PmOmVm

hC_¡ {d{M ^J{V Z hmodB© hþH$_w Z ~w{PAm OmBŸ&&hC_¡ {d{M OrC ~§Yw h¡ Zm_ Z ~go _{Z AmBŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 560)

gmohmJUr OmB nyN>hþ _wB©E {OZr {dMhþ Amnw JdmBAmŸ&&{na H$m hþH$_w Z nmBAmo _wB©E {OZr {dMhþ Amnw Z JdmBAmŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 568)

14. hþŠ_ H$m _mZZo dmbm àH$Q> hmoH$a OmVm h¡,CgHo$ _mJ© _| éH$mdQ> Zht AmVr

_§Zo hþH$_w gw naJQw> OmBŸ&& gMw ZrgmU¡ R>mH$ Z nmBŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 355)

15. hþŠ_ H$mo H$Vm© Amn hr nhMmZVm h¡{O{Z H$sVo gmoB© {~{Y OmU¡Ÿ&& Am{n H$ao Vm hþH${_ nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(_mP _. 3, 118)

16. hþŠ_ {H$g àH$ma g_Pm Om gH$Vm h¡?

1. _m{bH$ H$mo ^mE VmoZmZH$ {Og{h XBAmbw ~wPmB hþH$_w {_VŸ&&{Og{h wbmE Am{n _[a _[a O_{h {ZVŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 523)

{g\${V gbmhUw Voam hþH$_w aOmB©Ÿ&&gmo {JAmZw {YAmZw Omo VwYw ^mB©Ÿ&&

(_mP _. 5, 100)

dS>o h{W d{S>AmB©Am O¡ ^md¡ V¡ XoBŸ&&hþH${_ gdmao AmnU¡ Mgm Z {T>b H$aoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 53)

Voam hþH$_w ^bm VwYw ^md¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ Vm H$C {_b¡ dS>mB gmMo Zm_ g_md¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 359)

H$é J{h brZo AmnUo gMw hþH${_ aOmB©Ÿ&&Omo à{^ {XVr Xm{V gm nyaZ d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 399)

Om {Vgw ^md¡ Vm hþH$_w _Zmd¡Ÿ&& Bg ~o‹S>o H$C nm[a bKmd¡Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r H$~ra, 337)

à w _{Z ^md¡ Vm hþH${_ g_md¡ hþH$_w _§{Z gwIw nmBAmŸ&&AZ{XZw OnV ah¡ {XZw amVr ghOo Zm_w {YAmBAmŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 4, 690)


(JyOar dma _. 3, 510)

Amno g§J{V g{X ~hmb¡ Amno {dXm H$amd¡Ÿ&&{Og Zmo {H$anmbw hmod¡ h[a Amno {Vg Zmo hþH$_w _Zmd¡Ÿ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 551)

2. Zm_ `m eãX Ûmamamh Xmod¡ Ig_w EH$mo OmUwŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X hþH$_w nN>mUwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 223){OZm hþH$_w _ZmBAmoZw Vo nyao g§gm[aŸ&&gm{h~w god{Z AmnUm nya¡ g~{X drMm[aŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 512)

{OZr nN>mVm hþH$_w {VZ H$Xo Z amodUmŸ&&ZmC ZmZH$ ~Igrg _Z _m{h namodUmŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 523)JwU AdJwU g_m{Z h{h {O Am{n H$sVo H$aVm[aŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH${_ _§{ZEo gwIw nmB©Eo Jwa g~Xr drMm[aŸ&&

(_mê$ dma _. 3, 1092)hþH$_r AmBAm hþH$_w Z ~yP¡ hþH${_ gdmaUhmamŸ&&ZmZH$ gm{h~w g~{X {gÄmmn¡ gmMm {gaOUhmamŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 1, 688)

hþH$_w {OZm Zmo _ZmBAmŸ&& {VZ A§V[a g~Xw dgmBAmŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 72)

hþH$_w nN>mU¡ gw h[a JwU dImU¡Ÿ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X Zm{_ ZrgmU¡Ÿ&&(_mP _. 1, 109)

3. Jwé go (gVJwé Ho$ AÝXa hþŠ_ àH$Q> h¡)BC nmB{h h[a Xagmd‹S>m Zh bJ¡ VVr dmC OrCŸ&&hC Amnhþ ~mo{b Z OmUXm _¡ H${hAm g w hþH$_mC OrCŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 763)

VrZ ^dZ {ZhHo$db {JAmZwŸ&& gmMo Jwa Vo hþH$_w nN>mZwŸ&&(Amg _. 1, 414)

ZmZH$ g{VJwa {_{bEo hþH$_w ~w{PAm EHw$ d{gAm _{Z AmBŸ&&Omo VwYw ^md¡ g w gMw h¡ gMo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 491)

hþH$_¡ ~yP¡ VVw nN>mU¡Ÿ&& Bhþ nagmXw Jwê$ Vo OmU¡Ÿ&&(_bma dma _. 1, 1289)

O~ bJw hþH$_ Z ~yPVm V~ hr bC XwIrAmŸ&&Jwa {_{b hþH$_w nN>m{UAm V~ hr Vo gwIrAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 400)

IoVr dUOw g w hþH$_w h¡ hþH$_o _§{Z d{S>AmB© am_Ÿ&&Jwa_Vr hþH$_w ~yPrEo hþH$_o _o{b {_bmB© am_Ÿ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 569)

{Ogw g{VJwé {_b¡ {Vgw ^C nmd¡ gm Hw$bd§Vr Zm[aŸ&&gm hþH$_w nN>mU¡ H§$V H$m {OgZmo H¥$nm H$sVr H$aVm[aŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 516)

_aU¡ Vo OJVw S>a¡ Or{dAm bmo‹S>¡ g w H$moBŸ&&JwanagmXr OrdVw _a¡ hþH$_¡ ~yP¡ gmoBŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 555)

Yw[a Ig_¡ H$m hþH$_w nBAm {dUw g{VJwa Mo{VAm Z OmBŸ&&g{VJw[a {_brEo A§{Va a{d ah{Am gXm a{hAm {bdbmBŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 556)

hþH${_ {_bmB© gh{O g_mB© Jwa H$m g~Xw AnmamŸ&&gMr d{S>AmB© Jwa Vo nmB© gMw gdmaUhmamŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 569)

Jwé â_w MwH$mE AH$Ww H$hmE gM _{h gmMw g_mUmŸ&&Am{n CnmE Am{n g_mE hþH$_r hþH$_w nN>mUmŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 1, 688)

17. _m{bH$ AnZm hþŠ_ {H$gH$mo _ZdmVm h¡

1. {H$gr {~abo H$mo{Vgw {~Zw Adé Z H$moB© amOm H$[a Vnmdgw ~UV ~UmB©Ÿ&&{ZAmC {Vg¡ H$m h¡ gX gmMm {dabo hþH$_w _ZmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 912)

2. {H$gr Jwa_wI H$mogMm Voam hþH$_w Jwa_w{I Om{UAmŸ&& Jwa_Vr Amnw JdmB gMw nN>m{UAmŸ&&

(_mP dma _. 1, 144)

Jwa_w{I _Zw ~o{YAm Ag{Wé hmoBŸ&& hþH$_w nN>mU¡ ~yP¡ gMw gmoBŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 3, 232)

H$[a ~¡amJw Vy§ N>mo{S> nmI§Sw> gmo ghþ g w {H$Nw> OmUEŸ&&O{b W{b _hrA{b EH$mo gmoB© Jwa_w{I hþH$_w nN>mUEŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 440)

~mob{h gmMw {_{WAm Zhr amB©Ÿ&& Mmb{h Jwa_w{I hþH${_ aOmB©Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 1, 227)

Vmo VwYw ^md{h goB© ZmM{h {OZ Jwa_w{I g~{X {bd bmEŸ&&go ^JV go VVw {JAmZr {OZ H$C hþH$_w _ZmEŸ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 506)

g\$bw OZ_w nadmZw Jwa_w{I AmBAmŸ&&hþH$_¡ ~w{P {Zhmbw Ig{_ \w$a_mBAmŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 523)

g w {H$Nw> hþH$_o AmdXm g w {H$Nw> hþH$_o OmBŸ&&OoH$mo _yaIw Amnhþ OmU¡ A§Ym A§Yw H$_mBŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH$_w H$mo Jwa_w{I ~wP¡ {OgZmo {H$anm H$ao aOmBŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 556)

^C §OZw nmBAm Amnw JdmBAm Jwa_w{I _o{b {_bmB©Ÿ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ Zm_w {Za§OZw AJ_w AmoJMé hþH$_o a{hAm g_mB©Ÿ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 3, 569)

Jwa_w{I hþH$_w _§Zo gh Ho$am hþH$_o hr gwIw nmEŸ&&hþH$_mo godo hþH$_w AamYo hþH$_o g_¡ g_mEŸ&&hþH$_w daVw Zo_w gwM g§O_w _Z qM{XAm \$bw nmEŸ&&gXm gwhmJ{U {O hþH$_¡ ~wP¡ g{VJwé god¡ {bd bmEŸ&&ZmZH$ H¥$nm H$ao {OZ D$n[a {VZm hþH$_o bE {_bmEŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 4, 1422)

bmb¡ Zmo {g[aH$ma h¡ Yw[a Ig{_ \w$a_mB©Ÿ&&bmb¡ hþH$_w nN>m{UAm gXm ah¡ aOmB©Ÿ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1011)

3. godH$ H$mo _m{bH$ H$m hþŠ_ ^mVm h¡H$m{Q> {gbH$ à{^ godm bmBAmŸ&& hþH$_w gm{h~ H$m godH$ _{Z mBAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 101)

hþŠ_ 127


18. gƒm `moJr Am¡a XrdmZm dh h¡ Omo Ig_ Ho$hþŠ_ H$mo nhMmZo Am¡a CgHo$ AZwgma Mbo

hþH$_w {~g_mXw hþH${_ nN>mU¡ OrA OwJ{V gMw OmU¡ gmoB©Ÿ&&Amnw _o{Q> {Zamb_w hmod¡ A§V[a gmMw OmoJr H$hrEo gmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 940)VC XodmZm OmUrEo Om EH$m H$ma H$_mBŸ&&hþH$_w nN>mU¡ Ig_ H$m XyOr Ada {gAmUn H$mBŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 991)

19. Ywa-hþŠ_ Ûmam hr gVJwé nX H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡g{VJwa H$s d{S>AmB© g{VJw[a {XVr Ywahþ hþH$_w ~y{P ZrgmUwŸ&&nwVr ^mVrB© OmdmB© gH$s AJhþ {nN>hþ Q>mo{b {S>R>m bm{hAmoZwg^Zm H$m A{^_mZwŸ&&

({~bmdb dma _. 3, 853)

20. hþŠ_ _mZZo Ho$ \$b

1. AÝXoeo Am¡a {JZ{V`m± ({MÝVmE±) {_Q> OmVr h¢qMV A§Xogm JUV V{O O{Z hþH$_w nN>mVmŸ&&Zh {~Zg¡ Zh N>mo{S> OmB ZmZH$ a§J amVmŸ&&

({~bmdb _. 5, 813)

2. CObm (ñdÀN>) hmoVm h¡hþH$_w nN>mU¡ D$Obm {g[a H$mgQ> bmohm nmaŸ&&V¥gZm N>moS>¡ ¡ dg¡ ZmZH$ H$aUr gméŸ&&

(_mê$ dma _. 3, 1089)

3. eãX, Zm_ `m gM H$s àm{á_oam à w g^ {~{Y Amno OmU¡Ÿ&& hþH$_o _obo g~{X nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 157)

Zm_ IOmZm ^JVr nmBAm _Z VZ V¥n{V AKmEŸ&&ZmZH$ h[a OrC VmH$C Xod¡ Om H$C hþH$_w _ZmEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 208)

hþH$_o JUV JUmB©Eo {nAmao hþH$_¡ hC_¡ XmoBŸ&&(gmoa{R> _. 1, 636)

{Og H$C g~Xw ~gmd¡ A§V[a MyH¡$ {Vg{h {nAmgmŸ&&hþH$_¡ ~yP¡ MCn{‹S> Iob¡ _Zw {O{U T>mbo nmgmŸ&&

(gyhr H$~ra, 793)

Omo {H$Nw> daV¡ g~ Voam ^mUmŸ&& hþH$_w ~yP¡ gmo g{M g_mUmŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 193)

JmdUw gwZUw g w Voam ^mUmŸ&& hþH$_w ~yP¡ gmo gm{M g_mUmŸ&&(_bma _. 5, 1270)

4. "hm¢_¢' (Ah§H$ma) H$m Zmeh[a Mo{V _Z _oao Vy Jwa H$m g~Xw H$_mBŸ&&hþH$_w _§Z{h Vm h[a {_b¡ Vm {dMhþ hC_¡ OmBŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 560)


(OnwOr, 1)

hþH$_o g~{X nN>mUrEo {nAmao XaJh n¡Ym OmBŸ&&hþH$_o JUV JUmB©Eo {nAmao hþH$_o hC_¡ XmoBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 1, 636)

5. AmZm-OmZm g_má hmo OmVm h¡AmdV hþH${_ {~Zmg hþH${_ Am{JAm q^Z Z H$moBŸ&&AmdZ OmZm {Vh {_Q>¡ ZmZH$ {Oh _{Z gmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 251)

6. {ZaÝVa gwI H$s àm{áOrA‹S>m AJ{Z ~am~a Vn¡ ^rV[a dJ¡ H$mVrŸ&&àUd{V ZmZHw$ hþH$_w nN>mU¡ gwIw hmod¡ {XZw amVrŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 156)

aoU gJb BAm _w H$a¡ ED$ H$a_ H$_mBŸ&&hþH$_w ~yP¡ gXm gwIw ZmZH$ {b{IAm nmBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 256)

Zm_w nXmaWw A_é h¡ {haX¡ _§{Z dgmEŸ&&Jwa godm gXm gwIw h¡ {OgZmo hþH$_w _ZmEŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1012)

g w BH$mo hþH$_w daVXm _§{ZEo gwIw nmB©Ÿ&&(am_H$br dma _. 3, 948)


(JyOar dma _. 3, 510)

7. {ZO-Ka Am¡a na_-nX H$s àm{á{g{IAm Xr{IAm ^moOZ ^mCŸ&& hþH${_ g§OmoJr {ZOK[a OmCŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 221)

godH$ H$C godm ~{Z AmB©Ÿ&& hþH$_w ~y{P na_ nXw nmB©Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 292)

8. _m{bH$ H$s àm{áhþH$_w nN>mU¡ ZmZH$m ^C M§XUw bmd¡Ÿ&&JwU H$m_U H$m_{U H$a¡ VC {nAmao H$C nmd¡Ÿ&&

({Vb§J _. 1, 725)BVw g§J{V Zmhr _aUmŸ&& hþH$_w nN>m{U Vm Ig_¡ {_bUmŸ&&

({gar amJw H$~ra, 92)à^ {_bU¡ H$s Eh ZrgmUrŸ&& _{Z BH$mo gMm hþH$_w nN>mUrŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 106)g^ _{h gMm EH$mo gmoB© {Vg H$m H$sAm g w H$Nw> hmoB©Ÿ&&hþH$_w nN>mZ¡ gw EH$mo OmZ¡ ~§Xm H$hrEo gmoB©Ÿ&&

(à^mVr H$~ra, 1350)hþH$_w ~yP¡ gmo OmoJr H$hrEo EH$g {gC {MVw bmEŸ&&ghgm VyQ>¡ {Za_bw hmod¡ OmoJ OwJ{V Bd nmEŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908)

_mZ¡ hþH$_w g o JwU {JAmZŸ&& ZmZH$ XaJh nmd¡ _mZwŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 944)

{H$d g{MAmam hmoB©Eo {H$d Hy$‹S>¡ VwQ>¡ nm{bŸ&&hþH${_ aOmB© MbUm ZmZH$ {b{IAm Zm{bŸ&&

(OnwOr, 1)hþH${_ aOmB© Omo Mb¡ gmo nd¡ IOmZ¡Ÿ&&ImoQ>o R>da Z nmBZr abo OyR>mZ¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 421)hþH$_ ~w{P {Zhmbw gw{I gwIo{Q>AmŸ&&n[aI IOmZ¡ nmE go ~hþ{‹S> Z Imo{Q>AmŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 520)hþH${_ _§{ZEo hmod¡ na_mUw Vm Ig_¡ H$m _hbw nmBgrŸ&&Ig_¡ ^md¡ gmo H$ao _Zhþ qM{XAm gmo \$bw nmBgrŸ&&Vm XaJh n¡Ym OmBgrŸ&&

(Amg _. 1, 471)

21. hþŠ_ Z _mZZo Ho$ XmofZmZH$ H$aUm {O{Z H$sAm gmoB© gma H$aoBŸ&&hþH$_w Z Omnr Ig_ H$m {H$g¡ dS>mB© XoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 157)

nyao Jwa H$m hþH$_w Z _§Z¡ Amohþ _Z_wIw A{JAmZw _wR>m {~Iw _mBAmŸ&&Amogw A§X[a Hy$Sw> Hy$‹S>mo H$[a ~wP¡ AUhmoXoŸPJ‹S>o X{` Amog X¡ J{b nmBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 4, 303)

{na H$m hþH$_w Z OmUB© ^mB© gm Hw$bIUr Hw$Zm[aŸ&&_Zh{R> H$ma H$_mdUr ^mB© {dUw Zmd¡ Hy${‹S>Am[aŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 639)

hþH$_w Z OmU{h ~nw‹S>o ybo {\$a{h JdmaŸ&&_Z h{R> H$a_ H$_mdXo {ZV {ZV hmo{h IwAméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 66)

gMm Zm_w {YAmB©Eo g^mo daV¡ gMwŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH$_w ~w{P nadmUw hmoB V \$bw nmd¡ gMwŸ&&H$WZr ~XZr H$aVm {\$a¡ hþH$_¡ _y{b Z ~wPB© A§Ym H$Mw {ZH$MwŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 509)

Amno H$[a H$[a doIXm Amno g w gMmŸ&&Omo hþH$_w Z ~yP¡ Ig_ H$m gmoB© Zé H$MmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1094)

gmo {H$C A§Ym AmIrEo {O hþH$_hþ A§Ym hmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH$_w Z ~wPB© A§Ym H$hrEo gmoBŸ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 2, 954)

A§Z Vo ahVm XwIw Xohr ghVmŸ&& hþH$_w Z ~yP¡ {dAm{nAm __VmŸ&&(à^mVr _. 5, 1348)

22. CnXoegmo Eogm h[aZm_ {YAmB©E _Z _oao Omo g^Zm Cn[a hþH$_w MbmEŸ&&gmo Eogm h[aZm_w OnrEo _Z _oao Omo A§Vr ACg[a bE N>S>mEŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 89)

_Z H$s _{V {VAmJhþ h[aOZ hþH$_w ~y{P gwIw nmB©Eo aoŸ&&Omo à w H$a¡ gmoB© ^b _mZhþ gw{I Xw{I Amohr {XAmB©Eo aoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 209)

hþH$_w ~y{P g§J ag _mUo g{VJwa godm _hm {Za~mUoŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 385)

H$ahm H$hmUr AH$W Ho$ar {H$Vw XwAma¡ nmB©EoŸ&&VZw _Zw YZw g w gC{n Jwa H$C hþH${_ _§{ZEo nmB©EoŸ&&hþH$_w _§{Zhþ Jwê$ Ho$am Jmdhþ gMr ~mUrŸ&&H$h¡ ZmZHw$ gwZhþ g§Vhþ H${Whþ AH$W H$hmUrŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 918)

gMm Zm_w {YAmB Vy g^mo daV¡ gMwŸ&&ZmZH$ hþH$_¡ Omo ~wP¡ gmo \$bw nmE gMwŸ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 3, 950)

hþH${_ aOmB© gmIVr XaJh gMw H$~ybwŸ&&gm{h~w boIm _§Jgr XwZrAm Xo{I Z ybwŸ&&

(_mê$ dma _. 1, 1090)

hþŠ_ 129


g§ñH¥$V _| eãX EH$ YmVw h¡Ÿ& AÝ` Ajam| (nXm|) H$s^m±{V BgH$s ì wËn{Îm (_yb ê$n) _mby_ Zht hmoVmŸ& BgHo$ AW©h¢ • AmdmµO, Aja, Bñ_, µO_ra, dMZ, dµOmhV, gamhV,BµOhma, VµH$ara BË`m{XŸ& Omo ~mobm OmE, gwZZo _| AmE, {Oggog~ MrµOm| H$s Ag{b`V àH$Q> hmoVr h¡, Omo {H$gr Jwá oXH$mo àH$Q> H$aZo H$m gm_Ï © aIVm hmo, dh eãX h¡Ÿ& naJwédmUB© _| VWm AmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| _| eãX Ho$ AW© ~‹S>o Jy‹T>Am¡a Jhao h¢, {OZH$m dU©Z AmJo {H$`m OmVm h¡…

eãX Hw$b _m{bH$ h¡ VWm g~H$m AmYma h¡aMZm _§o nhbo eãX Jwá Wm, dh AZm_ WmŸ& V~ dh

AnZo Amn_| pñWV WmŸ& Cgo AeãX, AZm_, AbI, AJ_,AH$h `m AH$W H$hm OmVm h¡Ÿ& O~ dh àH$Q> hþAm V~ Zm_`m eãX H$hbm`m…

eãX Jwá V~ hþAm AZm_, eãX àJQ> V~ Y[a`m Zm_Ÿ&&(gma ~MZ, 89)

eãX go nhbo Z H$moB© gy © Wm, Z MÝÐ Wm Am¡a ZAmH$me Wm, `h eãX {ZamH$ma WmŸ& `h eãX dmñVd _| MoVZh¡Ÿ& g~ MrµO| Bgr eãX Ho$ hþŠ_ _| h¢, H$moB© dñVw BgH$sghm`Vm Ho$ ~µJ¡a àJQ> Zht hmo gH$VrŸ& `h eãX g~H$m àmU,g~H$m Om¡ha, g~H$m _yb Am¡a g~H$m Iwbmgm (gma) h¡, `hñd § {H$gr Ho$ AmYma na àH$Q> Zht hmoVm ~pëH$ Omo Hw$N>Jwá `m àH$Q> h¡, dh g~ Bgr eãX Ho$ Amgao h¡Ÿ& `h B©ída,~«h²_, nma~«h²_ g~H$m AmYma h¡Ÿ& Bg aMZm _| Omo Hw$N> ^rh¡ eãX hr h¡ VWm dhr CËn{Îm Am¡a àb` H$m H$maU h¡…

CVn{V nabC g~Xo hmod¡Ÿ&& g~Xo hr {\$[a Amon{V hmod¡Ÿ&&(_mP _. 3, 117)

g~H$m Am{X Am¡a AÝV eãX hr h¡Ÿ& g~ ñWyb VËd,AmH$me Am{X gyú_ VËd AWdm VÝ_mÌm eãX, ñne©, ê$n,ag, JÝY g~ eãX hr h¢Ÿ& Omo Hw$N> h¡ eãX hr h¡, AVEdCggo Omo Hw$N> àJQ> hmo dh ^r eãX Ho$ {gdm` Am¡a Š`mhmo gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& eãX h_| CËnÝZ H$aZo dmbm h¡, dh h_mamAmYma h¡, h_ eãX Ho$ h¢ Am¡a eãX h_mam h¡Ÿ& JwédmUr~VbmVr h¡ {H$ eãX Hw$b _m{bH$ h¡, g~ CgHo$ hþŠ_ _|h¢, dh H$aU H$maU g_W© h¡…

Amno H$dbm H§$Vw Am{nŸ&& Amno amdo g~{X Wm{nŸ&&(~g§V _. 1, 1990)

nwaIw gwOmZw Vy§ naYmZw VwYw OodSw> Adé Z H$moB©Ÿ&&Voam g~Xw g w Vy§ h¡ daV{h Vy§ Amno H$a{h gw hmoB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 448)

eãX Š`m h¡?`h EH$ Eogm {df` h¡ Omo H$^r {bIZo-n‹T>Zo `m ~mobZo

_| Zht Am`mŸ& h_ g_PZo Ho$ {b o Ho$db BVZm hr H$hgH$Vo h¢ {H$ eãX _m{bH$ H$s ny[anyU© gÎmm h¡ Omo IÊS>m|-~«÷mÊS>m| H$mo {b o I‹S>r h¡Ÿ& `h MoVZ H$s AmpË_H$ Ymam h¡,`h Üd{Z g{hV Jw§OZ h¡Ÿ& `h OrdZ H$s Ymam h¡ Omo _m{bH$go {ZH$b H$a gd©Ì ì`má hmo ahr h¡Ÿ& Bgr Ymam Ûmam _m{bH$gmao OhmZ H$mo n¡Xm H$aVm h¡ Am¡a CgH$s g± mb H$aVm h¡Ÿ&BgHo$ Ûmam gånyU© g¥{ï> OrdZ nm ahr h¡ Am¡a Bgr Ho$ AmgaoàË oH$ Ord AnZo {ZO-Ym_ AWdm _m{bH$ VH$ agmB© H$agH$Vm h¡Ÿ& Cg _m{bH$ H$s YmamE± ao{S>`mo H$s Va§Jm| Ho$ g_mZgd©Ì ì`má h¢ Am¡a CgHo$ ê$hmZr amJ hmo aho h¢Ÿ& O~ VH$h_mam ao{S>`mo R>rH$ hmoH$a CZgo Z Ow‹S>o, h_ CZ amJm| H$moZht gwZ gH$VoŸ& Á`m|-Á`m| h_ gyú_ go gyú_ hmoVo OmVo h¢,do YwZ| ñnï> gwZmB© XoZo bJVr h¢Ÿ& eãX EH$ Eogr S>moa h¡ Omoha EH$ H$mo _m{bH$ Ho$ gmW Omo‹S> ahr h¡Ÿ& dh gƒm Y_§©([abrOZ) h¡, {OgHo$ AW© h¢ "dh Omo h_| dmng _m{bH$Ho$ gmW Omo‹S>o'Ÿ& àH¥${V H$s g~ e{º$`m± Bgr eãX Ho$ AmYmana h¢Ÿ& àmUm| H$s e{º$ ^r Bgr eãX H$m dh µOhÿa h¡ Omo_m`m Ho$ _ÊS>bm| _| H$m_ H$a ahm h¡Ÿ& eãX {dÚwV H$s ^m±{Vg~ OJh, Š`m Jwá, Š`m àH$Q>, nyU©V`m ì`má h¡, dhgd©e{º$_mZ h¡ VWm g~H$m H$Vm© h¡Ÿ& Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ ^rOnwOr gm{h~ _| BgH$mo hþŠ_ H$hH$a dU©Z H$aVo h¢ Am¡aµ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ hþŠ_ H$hZo _| Zht Am gH$VmŸ& hm±, Omo Hw$N>CgHo$ AÝXa hmo ahm h¡ CgH$m C„oI do A_mob JwédmUrOnwOr gm{h~ H$s Xygar nm¡‹S>r _| Bg àH$ma H$aVo h¢…

hþH$_r hmod{Z AmH$ma hþH$_w Z H${hAm OmB©Ÿ&&hþH$_r hmod{Z OrA hþH${_ {_b¡ d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

hþH$_r CV_w ZrMw hþH${_ {b{I XwI gwI nmB©A{hŸ&&BH$Zm hþH$_r ~Igrg B{H$ hþH$_r gXm ^dmB©A{hŸ&&


(OnwOr, 1)

`h eãX Xmo àH$ma H$m h¡, (1) µOmhar `m àH$Q> Am¡a(2) AÝVarŸ& àH$Q> eãX H$m dUm©Ë_H$ Am¡a AÝVar H$mYwZmË_H$ H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& àH$Q> eãX H$s

eãX

AdñWm go AÝVar eãX H$m {H$gr hX VH$ AZw_mZ bJm`mOm gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& {H$gr Ho$ ào_-âo eãXm| H$mo gwZZo go h_maoamo_-amo_ _| J{V Am OmVr h¡Ÿ& Ë`mJ Am¡a d¡am½` Ho$ eãXm|H$mo gwZZo go Ë`mJ Am¡a d¡am½` H$s ^mdZmE± OmJ¥V hmo OmVrh¢Ÿ& {H$gr Ho$ H$Qw> dMZm| Ho$ Ûmam h_mao AÝXa H«$moY H$s A{¾‹S>H$ CR>Vr h¡Ÿ& erVb dMZm| Ûmam gwI Am¡a Hw$Sy>E dMZm|

Ûmam Xw…I CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& ghmZw y{V Ho$ dMZ Amem H$mo~§YmZo dmbo Am¡a BgHo$ {dnarV eãX {Zamem Ho$ H$maU hmoVoh¢Ÿ& o g~ VmH$V| eãX Ho$ AÝXa _m¡OyX h¢…

e~X hr _mao _a JE, e~X hr V{OAm amOŸ&Omo `h e~X {~do{H$Am, VmH$m g[a`m H$mOŸ&&EH$ e~X gwI amg h¡, EH$ e~X XwI amgŸ&EH$ e~X Amgm ~§Yo, e~X hr H$ao {ZamgŸ&&

(H$~ra gm{h~)

eãX H$s _{h_m AJ_ Am¡a Anma h¡Ÿ& O~ µOmhar AWdmàH$Q> eãX H$m `h hmb h¡ Vmo AÝVar eãX _| {H$VZr e{º$hmoJr? {gVma H$s Üd{Z gwZZo go VÝ_`Vm AmVr h¡, dh ˜`mbH$mo AnZr Amoa ItM H$a _JZ H$aVr h¡Ÿ& `{X `h ñWyb eãXEogr AdñWm CËnÝZ H$a gH$Vm h¡ Vmo dh AÝVar eãX Omogyú_ h¡, {H$VZm à~b hmoJmŸ&

eãX H$Vm© h¡g~ _µOh~m| H$s Y_©-nwñVH$m| _| eãX H$mo g¥{ï> H$mo H$Vm©

_mZm J`m h¡Ÿ& doX H$hVo h¢ {H$ ZmX go MmoXh ^dZ ~ZoŸ&Hw$amZ earµ\$ _| "H$b_o' go Mm¡Xh V~µH$m| Ho$ ~ZZo H$m C„oIAm`m h¡Ÿ& B©gmB`m| H$s Y_©-nwñVH$ g|Q> Om°Z H$s A§Orb _|^r eãX go hr g¥{ï> H$s CËn{Îm H$m dU©Z h¡, ""eãX Am{X_| Wm, eãX na_mË_m Ho$ gmW Wm, eãX na_mË_m Wm, g~MrµO| Cggo ~ZmB© JB©Ÿ&'' JwédmUr ~VbmVr h¡ {H$ gånyU©aMZm eãX go hr Mb ahr h¡ Am¡a dh gmar g¥{ï> H$m H$Vm©h¡, YaVr Am¡a AmH$me g~ Cg eãX go ~Z| h¢ Omo KQ>-KQ>Ho$ AÝXa h¡ VWm gånyU© OJV H$mo boH$a I‹S>m h¡…

EH$mo g~Xw EH$mo à w daV¡ g^ EH$gw Vo CVn{V Mb¡Ÿ&&(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

e~Xo YaVr e~Xo AmH$meŸ&& e~Xo e~X ^BAm àJmgŸ&&gJbr g¥g{Q> e~X Ho$ nmN>oŸ&& e~X KQ>o KQ> AmN>oŸ&&

(àmU g§Jbr)AmnrÝh¡ Amnw gm{O Amnw nN>m{UAmŸ&&A§~é Ya{V {dN>mo{‹S> M§XmoAm Vm{UAmŸ&&

{dUw W§åhm JJZw ahmB g~Xw Zrgm{UAmŸ&&gyaOw M§Xw CnmB Omo{V g_m{UAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1279)

Ho$db CËn{Îm hr Zht ~pëH$ àb` ^r Cgr go hmoVrh¡ VWm nwZ… g¥{ï> H$m {Z_m©U ^r Cgr go hmoVm h¡…

CVn{V nabC g~Xo hmod¡Ÿ&& g~Xo hr {\$[a Amon{V hmod¡Ÿ&&(_mP _. 3, 117)

{hÝXy emó eãX H$mo AmH$me H$m JwU AWdm AmH$me H$màmU H$hVo h¢, Bggo `h nVm MbVm h¡ {H$ `h AmH$me go ^rH$ht gyú_ Am¡a ì`mnH$ h¡Ÿ& `{X Jm¡a go {dMma H$aHo$ XoI| Vmo BgeãX H$m nVm dhm± ^r bJVm h¡ Ohm± nwéf Am¡a àH¥${V H$m _obh¡, Š`m|{H$ _ob {_bmn _| ^r J{V Am¡a ñda hmoVm h¡Ÿ& eãX H$sgr_m Ho$db `ht VH$ Zht, dh Hw$N> Am¡a ^r h¡, ñd`§ Cg_m{bH$ H$mo ^r eãX-ê$n hr ~Vm`m J`m h¡…

Vam g~Xw g^ Vy§ h¡ daV{h Vy§ Amno H$a{h gw hmoB©Ÿ&&(Amgm _. 4, 448)

g~ Y_m©Zw m`r _m{bH$ H$mo eãX-ñdê$n hr _mZVo h¢Ÿ&Xw{Z`m Ho$ g~go àmMrZ _mZo OmZo dmbo d¡{XH$ Y_© Zo ^r BgrHo$ JwU Jm o h¢Ÿ& gm_doX _| H$WZ h¡…

eãX ~«÷ {ZeãX ~«÷ àUdmo ~«÷Ÿ&_wgb_mZ µ\$H$sa ^r Bgr eãX go g¥{ï> H$s CËn{Îm

_mZVo h¢Ÿ& eåg V~aoµO µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ `h gmam Amb_ BgreãX Ûmam ApñVËd _o §Am`m, Bggo hr g~ Zya àH$Q> hþAm…

Amb_ AµO gm¡V µOhÿa J[aâV,AµO hOyae ~gmVo Zya J[aµâVŸ&

hµOaV AãXwa aµÁµOmH$ H$mgr µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ "Bñ_o-AmµO_' gmao Zm_m| H$m òmoV h¡, CgH$s µOm{har gyaV g~MrµOm| H$m AÝXê$Zr AmYma h¡Ÿ& Bñ_o-AmµO_ EH$ X[a`m h¡,Am¡a gmar ˜bµH$V CgH$s bha| h¢Ÿ& Bg Zwºo$ H$mo dh g_PgH$Vm h¡ Vmo h_mar naånam `m H$m{_b µ\$H$sam| _| go hmo…

Bñ_o-AmµO_ Om_mE Bñ_m ~dX, gyaVo D$, _m{Z A{e`m ~dXŸ&Bñ_ X[a`mAmo VBæ`Z _m¡Oo D$, Bª H$go XmZX {H$ D$ AµO _m ~dXŸ&

(AãXwa² aµÁOmH$ H$mgr)

eãX {bIZo, n‹T>Zo Am¡a ~mobZo _| Zht Am gH$VmAÝVar eãX _hmMoVZ Am¡a Anma h¡Ÿ& dh ~mha Ho$ H$mZm|

Ûmam Zht gwZm Om gH$Vm, Z µO~mZ Ûmam ~mobm Om gH$Vmh¡ Am¡a Z hr {bIZo _o| Am gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& dh "AZ[aQ>Z bm°'Am¡a "AZñnmoH$Z b|½doO' h¡Ÿ& dh {bIZo-n‹T>Zo go nao Aì`º$^mfm _| h¡Ÿ& dh ñd § {ZamYma h¡, na g~ Hw$N> CgHo$ AmgaopñWa h¡, dh O§J_-ñWmda g~_| ì`má h¡Ÿ& Ho$db AmË_mCgH$m AZw d H$a gH$Vr h¡, MoVZ (AmË_m) _hmMoVZ(eãX) _| {_bH$a EH$ hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& BgH$mo JwédmUr _| gƒmeãX H$hm h¡ Omo Zme-a{hV h¡…

gM¡ g~{X gMw H$_md¡Ÿ&& gMr ~mUr h[a JwU Jmd¡Ÿ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

JwadmUr _§|, gH$b g`moZonZ H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a gƒo eãX H$sH$_mB© VWm Cg_| g_m OmZo H$m CnXoe h¡…

Jwa Ho$ MaZ _Z _{h {YAmBŸ&&N>mo{S> gJb {gAmUnm gm{M g~{X {bdbmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 51)

eãX 131


Jmoq~X Ôhþ _oao gXm _rVŸ&&gmM g~X H$[a gXm àr{VŸ&&

(~g§V _. 5, 1192)`h ñWyb BpÝÐ`m| H$m {df` Zht…

AIr ~mPhþ doIUm {dUw H§$Zm gwZUmŸ&&(_mP dma _. 2, 139)

`h ~mhar Am±Im| Am¡a H$mZm| Ho$ ~µJ¡a XoIZo Am¡a gwZZo H$m_µO_yZ h¡Ÿ& _m¡bmZm ê$_ gm{h~ BgHo$ ~mao _| µ\$a_mVo h¢…

VwH$m} Hw$Xm} nmagr Jmo d Aa~Ÿ&µ\$h_ µH$aXh Am± {ZXm ~o Jmoemob~Ÿ&&

AWm©V² VwH$s©, Hw$aX, µ\$mag, Am¡a Aa~ Ho$ bmoJm| Zo Cgo~µJ¡a H$mZm| Am¡a hmoR>m| Ho$ OmZm h¡Ÿ&

Cn{ZfXm| Ho$ F${f`m| Zo Cgo "àUd' H$hm h¡, Omo àmUm|Ho$ Ûmam gwZm OmE VWm {OgHo$ JmZo Ho$ {bE {Oh²dm, hmoR>Am¡a Vmbw H$s Amdí`H$Vm Z hmo, Omo AnZo Amn hmo ahm h¡Ÿ&

H$~ra gm{h~ eãX H$mo {dXoh H$hVo h¢, {OgH$m {Oh²dmÛmam dU©Z Zht hmo gH$Vm, {OgH$s {ZaI-naI Ho$dbAÝVamË_m _| hr hmo gH$Vr h¡…

eãX eãX g~H$mo H$ho, dh Vmo e~X {dXohŸ&{Oh~m na Amdo Zht, {ZaI-naI H$a bohŸ&&

hµOaV ~mhÿ gm{h~ ^r CgH$m dU©Z H$aVo hþE µ\$a_mVoh¢ {H$ Cg H$b_o H$mo H$hZo H$s {Oh²dm _| e{º$ Zht h¡,dh CgH$m ~`mZ Zht H$a gH$Vr…

µO~mZr H$b_m ha H$moB© AmIo, {Xb Xm n‹T>Xm H$moB© hÿŸ&&{OËWo H$b_m {Xb Xm n‹T>rEo, CËWo Or^m {_bo Z T>moB© hÿŸ&&

{\$a µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ _w{e©X Zo h_| dh g~µH$ `m nmR>n‹T>m`m h¡ Omo ~µJ¡a n‹T>o, n‹T>m OmVm h¡, Omo H$mZm| _| A§Jw{b`m±{X o ~µJ¡a gwZmB© XoVm h¡…_r_ _waeX hmXr g~µH$ n‹T>mBAm Ch {~Z n{‹T>Am¡ {nAm n‹T>rdo hÿŸ&&

C§Jbm± H$Zm§ {dM {XÎmr`m§ {~Z gw{UAm {nAm gwZrdo hÿŸ&&_m¡bdr ê$_ gm{h~ Š`m gwÝXaVmnyd©H$ Bg eãX H$m

dU©Z H$aVo h¢, ""ho _m{bH$ ! _wPo dh _wµH$m_ ~Vm Ohm± VoamH$bm_ ~µJ¡a Ajam| Ho$ AnZo Amn hmo ahm h¡Ÿ&''

Eo IwXm ~Zw_m Vy Om§ am Am§ _µH$m_,H$mÝXê$ ~o hµ\©$ _| amo X H$bm_Ÿ&

g~ Y_m] _| eãX H$s {ejm H$m C„oI h¡g~ _µOh~m| H$s Y_©-nwñVH$m| _| Bg eãX H$m C„oI

{_bVm h¡Ÿ& {hÝXy Bgr eãX H$mo eãX Am¡a AeãX ~«÷ AWdmZmX H$hVo h¢, {Oggo gånyU© g¥{ï> àH$Q> hþB©Ÿ& nwamVZ F${fBgr H$s _{h_m JmVo J oŸ& Bg Üd{Z Ho$ gmYZ H$mo do bmoJ"lw{V' H$hVo Wo, {OgHo$ AW© h¢ "Omo gwZr JB© `m gwZr Om o'Ÿ&`h {d{Y Jwé-{eî` H$s àUmbr Ûmam grZm-~-grZm (EH$öX` go Xygao öX` _|, A{b{IV) àM{bV ahrŸ& N>mÝXmok Am¡a_wÊS>H$ Cn{ZfXm| Ho$ F${f`m| Zo Cgo "CX²JrV' (D$na H$m

amJ) Am¡a "àUd' (Amo_²) H$hm h¡ (XoI| N>mÝXmok Cn{ZfX²,nhbm IÊS> Am¡a _¡Ìr Cn{ZfX², N>Q>m ànmR>H$)Ÿ& VmËn © `hh¡ {H$ "CX²JrV' µO_rZr amJ Zht ~pëH$, CX²JrV D$na H$mdh Amg_mZr amJ h¡ Omo àmUm| Ho$ H$mZm| Ûmam gwZm OmVmh¡ Am¡a {OgHo$ JmZo _| {Oh²dm, hmoR> Am¡a Vmby H$sAmdí`H$Vm Zht n‹S>VrŸ&

_¡Ìr Cn{ZfX Ho$ N>R>o ànmR>H$ _| Am`m h¡ {H$ Ü`mZH$aZo Ho$ {b o Xmo ~«÷ h¢, eãX Am¡a AeãX ~«÷Ÿ& eãX Ho$Ü`mZ Ûmam AeãX ~«÷ àH$Q> hmoVm h¡Ÿ&

{\$a ~Vm`m h¡ {H$ H$mZm| H$mo A±JyR>m| Ho$ Ûmam ~ÝX H$amoAm¡a gmV àH$ma H$s AmdmµOm| H$mo AnZo AÝXa gwZmo......BZAmdmµOm| go$ nao Aä`mgr AeãX nma~«÷ AWdm Jwá ~«÷ _|brZ hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& Omo ehX (H$s {_R>mg H$s pñW{V) VH$nhþ±M J o, do dJm] Am¡a oX-^md H$s loUr go D$na nhþ±M J oŸ&

`moJ-g§»`m Zm_H$ J«ÝW _| (n¥ï> 112) H$hm J`m h¡ {H$`moJr hmWm| Ho$ A±JyR>m| H$mo H$mZm| Ho$ {N>Ðm| _| bJmH$a AZmhVÜd{Z (eãX) H$mo gwZo VWm Cg Üd{Z _| {MÎm H$mo V~ VH$pñWa H$ao O~ VH$ Vwar`mdñWm àmá Z hmoŸ& `h eãX XgàH$ma H$m gwZmB© XoVm h¡Ÿ& BZH$mo nma H$aHo$ `moJr-OZ Aì`º$_| g_m OmVo h¢Ÿ&

N>mÝXmok Cn{ZfX Ho$ Vrgao ànmR>H$ Ho$ 17d| (6 íbmoH$)Am¡a 19d| (3 íbmoH$) IÊS>m| _| ~«÷ ê$nr gy © go ZmX Ho$àH$Q> hmoZo H$m {µOH«$ h¡ Am¡a `h H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ `h oXA§{Jag F${f Zo XodH$s Ho$ nwÌ H¥$îU Or H$mo ~Vbm`m WmŸ&

Jwé A_aXmg Or amJ ¡aC _§| µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ àhbmX^º$ H$m CÕma eãX Ûmam hþAm…

Ow{J Ow{J ^JVm§ H$s aIXm AmBAmŸ&&X¡V nwÌw àhbmXw JmBÌr VanUw {H$Nw> Z OmU¡ g~Xo _o{b {_bmBAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1133)

ny m©ä`mgoZ VoZ¡d {ö`Vo÷demo@{ng…Ÿ&{Okmgwa{n `moJñ` eãX~«÷m{VdV©VoŸ&&

(JrVm A. 6, íbmoH$ 44)

AWm©V², dh nam o de _| hmoVo hþE ^r nyd©-OÝ_ Ho$Aä`mg Ûmam Cgr `moJ H$s Amoa ItMm OmVm h¡ Am¡a dh{Okmgw (`moJ H$s BÀN>m H$aZo dmbm) eãX ~«÷ H$mo nma H$aOmVm h¡…

à`ËZmÚV_mZñVw `moJr g§ewÕ{H$pëdf…Ÿ&AZoH$OÝ_g§{gÕñVVmo `m{V nam§ J{V_²Ÿ&&

(JrVm A. 6, íbmoH$ 45)

AWm©V², {\$a Eogm ewÕ AÝV…H$aU dmbm `moJr `ËZH$aVm hþAm AZoH$ OÝ_m| _| {gÕ hmoVm hþAm CÎm_ J{V H$moàmá hmoVm h¡Ÿ&

ZmXq~Xw Cn{ZfX (íbmoH$ 31) _| {bIm h¡…{gÕmgZo pñWVmo `moJr _wÐm§ g§Ym` d¡îUdr_²Ÿ&

lUw mÔ{jUo H$U¢ ZmX_ÝVJ©V§ gXmŸ&&

AWm©V², {gÕmgZ _| pñWa hmoH$a `moJr d¡îUdr _wÐmYmaU H$ao Am¡a AnZo AÝXa Xm{hZr Amoa Ho$ ZmX AWdmAmdmµO H$mo gwZoŸ&

`moJ-g§Ü`m _| ^r eãX H$mo gwZZo H$m {dñVmanyd©H$ dU©Z{H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ&

F$½doX Ho$ dmH§$daZr gyº$ Am¡a AWd©doX (gyº$ 30) _|^r eãX H$s AZwn_ _{h_m h¡ (à_mU Ho$ {b o "dmUr' H$màH$aU XoI|)Ÿ& AWd©doX Ho$ h§gmon{ZfX _| {bIm h¡ {H$ h§g-_ÝÌ Ho$ H$amo‹S> Omn H$aZo dmbo H$mo ZmX H$m AZw d hmoVmh¡Ÿ& {\$a ZmX Ho$ Xg oXm| H$m dU©Z H$aHo$ `h ~Vm`m J`mh¡ {H$ Zm¡ àH$ma Ho$ ZmX H$m Ë`mJ Am¡a Xgd| àH$ma Ho$ ZmXH$m, Omo _oK-JO©Z Ho$ g_mZ h¡, Aä`mg H$aZm Mm{h oŠ`m|{H$ Bggo nma~«÷ ñdê$n H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡Ÿ&

hR>`moJ àXr{nH$m Ho$ íbmoH$m| _| (XoI| íbmoH$ g§»`m 80,81, 83, 84, 90, 91, 92, 95 go 98, 102, 105,) AZoH$àH$ma go AZhX eãX H$s _{h_m JmB© JB© h¡Ÿ&

doXm| _| BgH$m ZmX Am¡a AmH$medmUr H$hH$a dU©Z{H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& ~moÕ-J«ÝWm| _| ^r Bg eãX Ho$ g§Ho$V {_bVoh¢, do Bgo "gmoZmoag bmBQ>' AWm©V², eãX-_` Á`mo{V H$hVo h¢Ÿ&

àmMrZ yZmZr _hmË_m ^r Bg eãX H$m {µOH«$ H$aVo h¢Ÿ&gwH$amV H$hVo h¢ {H$ CÝhm|Zo AnZo AÝXa EH$ Eogr AmdmµOgwZr Omo CÝh| AH$WZr` ê$hmZr Xoem| _| bo JB©Ÿ& nmBWmJmoag^r BgHo$ ~mao _| {µOH«$ H$aVo h¢Ÿ& Aµ\$bmVyZ (ßboQ>mo) Zo BgH$mo"_ÊS>bm| H$m amJ' H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m h¡Ÿ& BgH$mo yZmZr^mfm _|, "bmoJmog' ({OgH$m AW© "eãX' h¡) ^r H$hm J`mh¡Ÿ& "'gmBboÝg" AWdm AeãX go Omo dmUr `m AmdmµO {ZH$brCgo "eãX' `m dS>© H$hVo h¢, Bgr go g~ Hw$N> àH$Q> hþAmh¡Ÿ& MrZ H$s Y_©-nwñVH$m| _| BgH$m "Q>mAmo' H$hH$a dU©Z{H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& nma{g`m| _| _hmË_m µOaXwíV Zo N>… ê$hmZrVmµH$Vm| H$m {µOH«$ H$aVo hþE EH$ Am¡a VmµH$V H$m dU©Z {H$`mh¡ {Ogo "eamoem' H$hm h¡, Omo g§ñH¥$V H$s "l' YmVw go {ZH$bmh¡, _m{bH$ H$s dh VmµH$V Omo gwZr Om gHoŸ &$ `h gÝVm|Ho$ "eãX' nX go {_bVm h¡Ÿ& _hmË_m µOaXwíV Or Ho$ µO§XAdoñVm Zm_H$ J«ÝW _| EH$ àmW©Zm AmB© h¡, ""ho _µOXm(_m{bH$) ! {Ogo Vy ß`ma H$aVm h¡ Cgo eamoem oOŸ&''

H$~ra gm{h~, Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ go boH$a Xgm|nmVem{h`m± (Xgm| Jwé), XmXy gm{h~, OJOrdZ gm{h~,Vwbgr gm{h~, X[a`m gm{h~, ~m~m bmbXmg, nbQy> gm{h~VWm AZoH$ gÝV "eãX' H$s {ejm XoVo aho h¢Ÿ&

B©gmB© BgH$mo dS>© `m H$bm_ H$hVo h¡…""Am{X _| eãX Wm, eãX na_mË_m Ho$ gmW Wm Am¡a eãX

na_mË_m WmŸ& ewê$ _| `h na_mË_m Ho$ gmW WmŸ& Bgr eãXgo g~ MrµO| àH$Q> hþBª Am¡a BgHo$ ~µJ¡a H$moB© Eogr MrµO ZhtOmo ~ZrŸ&'' (g|Q> Om°Z, 1… 1, 2, 3)

""Kmg gyI OmVr h¡, \y$b _waPm OmVo h¢, na _m{bH$H$m eãX gX¡d AQ>b ahoJmŸ&'' (Bgmh, 40-8)

ãb¡dmQ>ñH$s Zo, Omo {WAmgm{µ\$H$b gmogmBQ>r H$s ñWmnZmH$aZo dmbr Wt, Bgo "_m¡Z AmdmµO' H$hm V¡Ÿ& _ogm{ZH$ AmS>©a_| "bm°ñQ> dS>©' (Jwá AWdm Imo m hþAm eãX) Bgr "eãX' H$moH$hm h¡ {OgH$s Vbme _| ha EH$ _mñQ>a _ogZ h¡, na OmogÝVm| go hr àmá hmo gH$Vm h¡Ÿ&

µHw$amZ earµ\$ _| Am`m h¡ {H$ IwXm Zo H$hm, "Hw$Z {µ\$ wHw$Z'Ÿ&AWm©V² Cggo AmdmµO àH$Q> hþB© Am¡a gmam Amb_ n¡Xm

hmo J`mŸ& gy{µ\$`m| Zo Bgo "dmXZ' H$hH$a g_Pm`m h¡Ÿ& gyµ\$rbmoJ H$hVo h¢…

Ja ~ BµOhma ê$ Z Am wd}X, Zm_o AmdmµO Bª Ohm± Z ~wXoŸ&AWm©V², `{X dh AZm_ µOmha hmoZo H$s Amoa _w±h Z H$aVm

Vmo Zm_ `m AmdmµO Z hmoVr Am¡a `h OhmZ ApñVËd _| ZAmVmŸ&

gwµ\$r _V Ho$ XaOmVo Cbdr (D$nar _ÊS>bm| _| J_ZH$aZo dmbo) Ho$ µ\$µH$ra hµOaV BZm`V Im± µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ `hh_mam OhmZ EH$ Bbmhr amJ h¡Ÿ& `h g~ CgH$m hr µOhÿah¡ Am¡a Cggo hr ~Zm h¡Ÿ& gÝVm| H$s dm{U`m| _| ^r `h {dMma{_bVm h¡ {H$ eãX (Am{X amJ) go g~ IÊS>-~«÷mÊS> ~ZoŸ&dh CX²JrV g~Ho$ AÝXa hmo ahm h¡Ÿ& hµOaV gm{h~ Zo Bg"gm¡Vo-ga_Xr' (IwXm H$s AmdmµO) Ho$ {df` H$m {deX Ed§ñnï> dU©Z {H$`m h¡Ÿ&

_wgb_mZm| _| BgH$m "H$bm_o-Bbmhr', "ZXmE-Amñ_mZr'Am¡a "Eñ_oAmµO_' H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& Bgr H$s{ejm "gwëVmZwb-AµOH$ma', ({µOH«$m| AWdm gw{_aZ H$m~mXemh), gm¡Vo-ga_Xr, `m "gm¡¡Vo-Zgram' (H$bm_o-Bbmhr,H$bm_o-_OrX `m H$bm_o-hµH$ Omo "dhr' `m "Bbhm_' AÝVa_| gwZm OmVm h¡) Am{X gmYZm| Ho$ ê$n _| gyµ\$r _V H$semImAm| _| àM{bV ahrŸ& BgHo$ AZoH$ à_mU h_| _wgb_mZµ\$µH$ram| Ho$ H$bm_m| _| {_bVo h¢…

M © am Xa µOoao nm Ama no ewOmAŸ&{~eZm| AµO µ\$m¡µHo$ µ\$bH$ ~m§Jo g_mAŸ&&

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

AWm©V², Eo ~hmXwa ! Amg_mZ H$mo n¡am| Ho$ ZrMo bo AmŸ&{\$a Amg_mZ H$s MmoQ>r na "g_mA' H$s ~m±J H$mo gwZŸ&h_h Amb_ nwa hñV AµO AmdmµOŸ& boH$ Xahm` Jmoeo-IwX Hw$Z ~mµOŸ&{~eZdr `H$ H$bm_o bm _ŠVyŸ& AµO hXygmo µ\$Zm ~dX _aµ\yŸ &$

(emh {Z`mµO)

AW©… gmao Amb_ _| `h AmdmµO Jy±O ahr h¡, CgH$mogwZZo Ho$ {b o AÝXa Ho$ H$mZm| H$mo Imob, Vy EH$ bJmVmaeãX H$mo gwZoJm {OgHo$ Ûmam Vy g~ hXm| (gr_mAm|) Am¡aµ\$Zmh (ZmedmZ) H$s hX go nma hmo Om oJm…

eãX 133


Vwam µOo qH$JamE Ae© _rµOZ§X gµ\$raŸ&ZXmZ_V {H$ Xat dm_Jm Mh CµâVmXñVŸ&

(hm{µ\$µO)

AW©… Ae© (IwXm Ho$ Ka) go haX_ AmdmµO Am ahr h¡, _¢Zht OmZVm Vy Xw{Z`m Ho$ Omb _| Š`m| µ\w$Oyb \±$gm n‹S>m h¡Ÿ&

`h AmdmµO {H$g àH$ma gwZr OmVr h¡, BgHo$ ~mao _|do µ\$a_mVo h¢…

n§~mE dgdmg ~oê±$ Hw$Z µOo JmoeŸ&Vm ~JmoeV Am`X AµO JaXy§ ãmoeŸ&

ng _hbo dhr JaXX Jmoeo OmZŸ&dhr Mh ~dX JwµâVZ AµO {hñgo {Zhm±Ÿ&

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

AW©… eh H$s ê$B© H$mo AnZo H$mZm| go {ZH$mb Xo Vm{H$Amg_mZ go VwPo Amg_mZr amJ gwZmB© Xo, `hr IwXm H$mBbhm_ (AmH$medmUr) h¡Ÿ& Bg "dhr' (B©ída H$s Amkm) H$moCVmaZm Š`m h¡, AÝXê$Zr Jwá MoVZVm Ho$ gmW gå~ÝY n¡XmH$aZm h¡Ÿ&

JwµâV n¡µJå~a {H$ AmdmµOo IwXmŸ& _o agX Xa Jmoeo _Z h_My gXm_wha ~a Jmoeo ew_m {~ZhmXo hµHŸ & Vm ~ AmdmµOo IwXm ZmaX g~µHŸ &$

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

AW©… hµOaV _whå_X gm{h~ H$hVo h¢ {H$ IwXm H$sAmdmµO _oao H$mZm| _| Am_ AmdmµOm| H$s Vah AmVr h¡Ÿ&_m{bH$ Zo Vwåhmao H$mZm| na _moha bJm Xr h¡ {OgH$s dOhgo Vw_ IwXm H$s AmdmµO H$mo Zht gwZ gH$VoŸ&

hµOaV _whå_X gm{h~ Ho$ ~mao _| {µOH«$ Am`m h¡ {H$ donÝÐh gmb VH$ AmdmµO| _wñVµH$r_ `m AZhX eãX H$mo gwZVoaho Wo…

""My± Am± hµOaV² (_whå_X gm{h~) ~ gÝZo Mhb gmbJragrXŸ& Amgmao dhr ~ado µOmha JíVŸ& ~adm`Vo Am± {H$nm§µOXh gmb noe AµO dhr AmdmµOo-_wñVH$s_ _| ewZrXŸ& d»dm~hmE amñVm _oXrXŸ& d hµâV gmb noe AµO dhr AZdmaoVO{„`mV _oXrXŸ& d Xmo gmb `H$ _V©~m ~µJmao ham _raµâVd `H$ _mh ~ B~mXV _eJyb _rewXŸ&&''(g\$m 36, BŠV~mg-Cb-AZdma, boIH$-hµOaV _m¡bmZm eoI _whå_XAmH«$_ gm~ar)

{\$a Cgr {H$Vm~ _| (n¥ï> 106 na) {µOH«$ Am`m h¡ {H$n¡µJå~a gm{h~ µJmao-hmam _| N>… gmb Am¡a hµOaV AãXwbµH$m{Xa {ObmZr Cgr µJma (Jwµ\$m) _| ~mah df© gwëVmZwb-AµOH$ma H$m ewµJb `m gwaV-eãX `moJ H$m Aä`mg H$aVo aho…

""hµOaV emh _ra bmhm¡ar Hw$Xg {gah adm`V H$aXhAm± hµOaV AãXwb µH$mXa {ObmZr µ\$a_yX {H$ n¡µJå~a eegmb Xa µJmao {ham _eJyb ~ gwëVmZ-Cb-AµOH$ma ~yX A§XŸ&d _Z Xa Am± µJmao _wV~H$m© XdmµOXh gmb ~ Bª ewµJbBíVµJmb Z_yXm A_Ÿ&''

Jwé gm{h~ H$s VWm AÝ` gÝVm| H$s dm{U`m| _§| eãXH$m ñnï> CnXoe {_bVm h¡Ÿ& Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…

~hao H$aZ AH${b ^B© hmoN>r g~X ghOw Zhr ~y{PAmŸ&&OZ_w nXmaWw _Z_w{I hm[aAm {~Zw Jwa A§Yw Z gy{PAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1126)

Jwé A_aXmg Or H$m H$WZ h¡…g~Xw Z OmU{h go A§Zo ~mobo go {H$Vw AmE g§gmamŸ&&

h[a agw Z nmBAm {~aWm OZ_w JdmBAm O§_{h dmamo dmamŸ&&(gmoa{R> _. 3, 601)

Jwa H$m g~Xw g_m{b Vy _y‹S>o J{V _{V g~Xo nmEŸ&&({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 550)

g{VJwa ~mPhþ g§J{V Z hmoB©Ÿ&& {~Zw g~Xo nmé Z nmE H$moB©Ÿ&&(_mê$ _. 3, 1068)

D$na {X o à_mUm| go `h {gÕ hmoVm h¡ {H$ {hÝXy,_wgb_mZ, B©gmB© VWm AÝ` g~ _V Bg eãX Ho$ oX Ho$OmZZo dmbo Wo, Mmho CÝhm|Zo BgH$m nyam {dñVma Zht {H$`mŸ&{hÝXwAm| Am¡a AÝ` _Vm| Ho$ µ\$µH$ram| Zo AÊS> Am¡a ~«÷mÊS>VH$ (AZhX) eãX H$m Hw$N> dU©Z {H$`m h¡, na gÝVm| Zo,Mmho do {H$gr ^r Xoe `m Y_© _| hþE hm|, ~«÷mÊS> go D$naHo$ eãX (AWdm gma `m gV eãX) H$m ^r nyam-nyam dU©Z{H$`m h¡Ÿ& (XoI|§ "n§M-eãX' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ&

eãX _| AmdmµO h¡`h AmdmµO AWdm Üd{Z Š`m h¡? BgH$s ~ZmdQ> Š`m

h¡? H$moB© H$hVo h¢ {H$ O~ Xmo dñVwE± Q>H$amVr h¢ Vmo AmdmµOCËnÝZ hmoVr h¡Ÿ& H$moB© H$hVo h¢ {H$ Ohm± haH$V (J{V,{hbZm-Sw>bZm) hmoVr h¡ dhm± AmdmµO H$m àH$Q> hmoZmAmdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& hm±, Q>ŠH$a Am¡a haH$V Ûmam ^r AmdmµO n¡XmhmoVr h¡, na `h Üd{Z, {OgH$m {H$ gÝVm| Zo dU©Z {H$`m h¡,BZ XmoZm| go D±$Mr MrµO h¡Ÿ& `h Üd{Z g¥{ï> H$m AmYma h¡,`h ê$hm{Z`V H$s {ZemZr h¡Ÿ&

gÝV ~VbmVo h¢ {H$ gånyU© g¥{ï> AmdmµO go àH$Q> hþB©Ÿ&_wgb_mZ H$hVo h¢ {H$ "Hw$Z' H$m H$b_m {ZH$bm Am¡a gmarXw{Z`m ~Z JB©Ÿ& B©gmB© ^r `hr H$hVo h¢ {H$ gmar aMZmH$bm_ (dS>©) go hr CËnÝZ hþB©Ÿ& `h eãX `m Üd{Z MoVZh¡, `h MoVZ H$s ^r àmU h¡Ÿ& Üd{Z hr kmZ h¡ Am¡a dmñV{dH$kmZ go àH$Q> hmoZo H$m _mÜ`_ ^r h¡…

{JAmZw {YAmZw Yw{Z OmUrEo AH$Ww H$hmd¡ gmoBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 59)

`h AmdmµO AWdm Üd{Z g~Ho$ AÝXa n[anyU© h¡, ì`mßVh¡Ÿ& nËWa Am¡a bH$‹S>r Ho$ AÝXa ^r AmdmµO h¡, Š`m|{H$ BZH$s~ZmdQ> na_mUwAm| go h¡, BZ na_mUwAm| _| h_oem haH$V(J{V) ahVr h¡, {OgHo$ Ûmam haEH$ dñVw ~XbVr ahVr h¡Ÿ&`h J{V hr n[adV©Z H$m H$maU h¡Ÿ& Agb _| àË oH$ dñVw

n[adV©Zerb h¡Ÿ& ha g¡{H$ÊS>, ha {_{ZQ>, ha KÊQ>o `h Xw{Z`m~XbVr ahVr h¡…

~`H$ b_h, ~`H$ gmAV ~`H$ X_Ÿ&{XJa Jy§ _o edX Ahdmbo Amb_Ÿ&

Mmho h_| BgH$m ~moY hmo `m Z hmo, nËWa ~XbVm ahVmh¡, CgHo$ AÝXa haH$V hmoVr h¡, haH$V Ho$ Ûmam AmdmµOhmoZm µOê$ar h¡, AVEd dh ^r AmdmµO go a{hV ZhtŸ& haH$VH$aVr hþB© Ñ{ï>JmoMa dñVwE±, Am¡a haH$V H$aZo dmbr AJmoMadñVwE± XmoZm| hr J{V_mZ h¢, Bg{b o g~Ho$ AÝXa AmdmµO h¡Omo g~H$m Om¡ha h¡Ÿ& Š`m ˜mbr Am¡a Š`m âm hþAm, g~Cg XmoñV (na_mË_m) Ho$ Z½_o `m AmpË_H$ Üd{Z go nyU© h¢Ÿ&V~bo H$mo XoI| Cg_| {H$g àH$ma AmdmµO AmVr h¡…

nwa d ˜mbr nwa AX§AµO Z§_mE XmoñVŸ&~ ~t Xµ\$ am {H$ My± ~a _| XaX nmoñVŸ&

`h Üd{Z g~Ho$ AÝXa a_ ahr h¡ VWm g~H$s n«mU VWmAmYma h¡ `h MoVZ H$s Ymam A{V gyú_ h¡, {OgH$mo gwZZoHo$ {bE CVZo hr gyú_ H$mZ Mm{hEŸ& {H$gr gy\$s H$s Š`mgwhmdZr C{º$ h¡Ÿ&

IwíH$ Vma dh IwíH$ Mmo~ d IwíH$ nmoñVŸ&AµO Hw$Om _| Am`X Bª AmdmµOo XmoñVŸ&

AWm©V², Vma, bH$‹S>r Am¡a M_‹S>m g~Ho$ g~ IwíH$ h¢,BZ_| go Omo XmoñV H$s AmdmµO Am ahr h¡, dh H$hm± go Amahr h¡?

Agb _| eãX `m AmdmµO hr gånyU© g¥{ï> H$m ˜m{bH$(H$Vm©) h¡, `h g~ µOhÿa (àVmn) Bg AmdmµO H$m hr h¡…

Ja ~ BµOhma ê$ Z AmdwX}Ÿ& Zm_o AmdmµO Bª Ohm± Z ~wXoŸ&AW©… AJa dh "AZm_' µOm{ha hmoZo H$s Amoa _wI Z

H$aVm Vmo Zm_ `m AmdmµO Z hmoVr Am¡a `h OhmZ ApñVËd_| Z AmVmŸ&

dh àrV_ haX_ Voao gmW H$bm_ (~mVMrV) H$aVm h¡,Aµ\$gmog {H$ Vy Cg µH$Xr_ (nwamVZ) H$bm_ H$mo gwZVm Zht…`mao _m haX_ ~m Vmo H$br_Ÿ& h¡µ\$ Vy ZeZdr H$bm_o µH$Xr_Ÿ&

({Z`mµO gm{h~)

n¡µJå~a gm{h~ Bgr AmdmµO Ho$ ~mao _| µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$IwXm H$s AmdmµO _oao H$mZm| _| Am_ AmdmµO H$s ^m±{V Amahr h¡ • aã~ Zo Vwåhmao H$mZm| na _wha bJm Xr h¡ Vm{H$Cgo gwZ Z gH$mo…JwâV n¡µJå~a {H$ AmdmµOo IwXmŸ& _o agX Xa Jmoeo _Z h_My gXmŸ&

_wha ~a Jmoeo ew_m {~ZhmX hµHŸ & Vm ~ AmdmµOo IwXm ZmaX g~µH &$(_m¡bdr ê$_)

`h AmdmµO {OgH$mo XmoñV, `ma Am¡a IwXm H$s AmdmµOH$hm J`m h¡, Xw{Z`m _| ha OJh Jy±O ahr h¡Ÿ& hm{µ\$µO gm{h~^r µ\$a_mVo h¢…

Bª {µH$ñgmE hµâV Jwå~X Aµ\$bmH$ nwa gXmAñVŸ&H$moVh ZµOa Z ~rZX {H$ gwIZ _w»Vga J[aµâVŸ&

`h {H$ñgm AWdm eãX gmVm| Amg_mZm| _| Jy±O ahmh¡.....Ÿ& _y‹T> bmoJ Bgo Zht g_P gH$VoŸ&

`h Üd{Z ewÕ Am¡a {Zadbå~ h¡, {H$gr Ho$ AmYma naZhtŸ& Ohm± VËd, _Z Am¡a _m`m H$m Xoe h¡ dhm± `h CZHo$gmW {_br-Owbr h¡Ÿ& BgH$m ~moY _ñVH$ na gwfwåZm Zm‹S>r_|, Jwé Ho$ Ûmam àmá hmoVm h¡Ÿ& AmpË_H$ kmZ Ho$ {b o BgeãX H$m Aä`mg Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& Bg AmpË_H$ Üd{Z H$mo, {Ogo_wgb_mZ µ\$µH$ram| Zo gm¡Vo-ga_X `m Z½_mE µOXmZr H$hmh¡, gwZmo Am¡a CZ _ÊS>bm| _| nhþ±Mmo Ohm± go Vwåhmao AÝXaAnZo àrV_ H$s H$^r ˜Ë_ Z hmoZo dmbr AmdmµO, ZrMo Ho$_ÊS>bm| _| AmH$a Jy±O ahr h¡Ÿ& _m¡bdr ê$_ gm{h~ H$hVo h¢{H$ Vy Eogr ~m±J H$mo ImoO Omo H$^r IË_ Z hmo Am¡a Eogogy © H$s Vbme H$a Omo H$^r AñV Z hmo…

~m±Jo OwñVmoOy {H$ Am§ hm{µ\$b ZewXŸ&Vm~o IwerXo {H$ Am± Amµ\$b Z ewXŸ&

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

Xw{Z`m Ho$ bmoJ Bggo ~ogwY h¢Ÿ& O~ {H$gr eãX-Aä`mgr Jwé go amh boH$a _Zwî` AnZo AÝXa àdoe H$aVmh¡, Vmo dh AnZo AÝXa g¢H$‹S>m| YwZ| gwZVm h¡ {OZgo CgHo$Amg nmg ~¡R>o bmoJ ~o ~a ahVo h¢…~{ZJa Xa Zµâgo IwX gX JwµâVJyŸ& h_ ZerZo D$ Z~Xm© hoM ~yŸ&

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

ò YwZ| Ho$db H$ënZm Ho$ Amgao Zht gwZmB© XoVtŸ& {Og{H$gr Zo {H$gr ^r µO_mZo _| eãX-_mJ© H$m Aä`mg {H$`m h¡,CgZo Bg àH$ma H$s YwZm| H$m bJ^J EH$ O¡gm hr dU©Z {H$`mh¡ Am¡a AmO ^r gÝVm| H$s g§J{V _| AZOmZ ~ƒo Am¡a ZdrZlÕmbw VH$ BZH$mo gwZVo h¢ Am¡a ehmXV (gmjr) XoVo h¢Ÿ&

Cn{ZfXm| _| Bg eãX H$s Üd{Z`m| H$m dU©Z {H$`m J`mh¡ {H$ Aä`mg Ho$ àmaå^ _| ~hþV µOmoa H$s AmdmµO| AmVr h¢,o ~‹T>Vr Am¡a A{V gyú_ hmoH$a gwZmB© XoVr h¢Ÿ& o AmdmµO|

nhbo Vmo g_wÐ, ~mXb, T>mob Am¡a nmZr Ho$ PaZm| H$s Üd{Z,_¥X§J Am¡a KÊQ>o Ho$ ZmX (qgJr) H$s ^m±{V hmoVr h¡Ÿ& (F$JdoXH$m ZmX-{~ÝXw Cn{ZfX, 33-34)Ÿ&

^{º$-gmJa _| _hmË_m MaZXmg Or Zo Xg àH$ma Ho$ZmXm| H$m dU©Z {H$`m h¡… do {M{‹S>`m| Ho$ ~mobZo, PtJwa, N>moQ>rKÊQ>r, KÊQ>o, e§I, ~rZ, H$aVmb `m Pm§P, _wabr, _¥X§J, ~m±gwarAm{X H$s AmdmµOm| Am¡a qgh Ho$ JO©Z H$s ^m±{V hmoVo h¢Ÿ&

hR>`moJ Am¡a àXr{nH$m _| bJ^J BÝht go {_bVo-OwbVoXg ZmXm| H$m C„oI h¡ • «_a, Jw§Oma, Kw§Kê$, e§I, KÊQ>r,H$aVmb `m Pm±P, _wabr, oar, _¥X§J, ~m±gwar Am¡a qgh-JO©ZŸ&

gma ~MZ _| ^r ghòXb-H$_b _| bJ^J Eogr hr XgYwZm| Ho$ gwwZmB© XoZo H$m dU©Z Am`m h¡…

eãX 135


K§Q>m g§I ZmX YwZ JmOmŸ& ~rZ ~m±gwar AMaO ~mOmŸ&&Vmb _¥X§J qH$Jar YYH$sŸ& T>mob nImdO {N>Z {N>Z {I‹S>H$sŸ&&ghg Yma A_¥V H$s ~aImŸ& JJZ _§S>b {\$ao O¡go MaImŸ&&

(gma ~MZ, 54)

{W`mogmµ\$r Ho$ J«ÝW "dm og Am\$ {X gmBb|g' _| _¡S>_ãb¡dmQ>ñH$s {bIVr h¡, ""nhbm eãX ~wb~wb H$s _rR>r AmdmµOH$s ^m±{V hmoVm h¡ Omo {dah-âr am{JZr h¡ {Ogo dh AnZogmWr go {~N>‹S>Zo Ho$ g_` AbmnVr h¡Ÿ& Xygar, Aä`m{g`m|H$mo Pm±P H$s AmdmµO H$s Vah gwZmB© XoVr h¡, Omo Vmam-_ÊS>bH$mo àH$Q> H$a XoVr h¡Ÿ& BgHo$ ~mX g_wÐ Ho$ AÝXa {Kao `m{Zdmg H$aVo hþE {H$gr XodVm H$s gwarbr am{JZr h¡Ÿ& BgHo$CnamÝV drUm Ho$ Abmn H$s ^m±{V AmdmµO h¡Ÿ& nm±Mdr ~m±gH$s _wabr H$s AmdmµO CZHo$ H$mZm| _| gwZmB© XoJrŸ& `h VwahrH$s AmdmµO _| ~Xb Om oJrŸ& ApÝV_ AmdmµO KZo ~mXbm| H$s^m±{V gwZmB© XoJrŸ&''

A_ra Igamo Zo (XoI| VµOH$am µJr{g`m Zm_H$ nwñVH$,n¥ð> 332) BZ AmdmµOm| H$m dU©Z Bg àH$ma {H$`m h¡…

EH$s ±da Jw±Oma gr XyOo K§wJê$ hmoBŸ&&VrOo e~X g§I H$m MCWo K§Q>m hmoBŸ&&

nm§Mdo Q>mb Omo ~mOoŸ& N>Q>o gmo _wabr ZmWŸ&&gmVd| ^ra Omo JmOoŸ& AR>d| eãX _Xa§J H$m

Zd| Zµ\$rar Q>mb Xgd| JaOo qgY gmg Iwgamo `h VmbŸ&&Xg àH$ma AZhX ~Oo {OV OmoJr hmo brZŸ&&B§Xar WH$s _ZwAm Wo Iwgamo Zo H${h XrZŸ&&

AZhX ~mOo ~mOZbmJoŸ& Mmoa ZJarAm VO VO ^mJoŸ&&Jwê$ {ZµOm_ H$s ^r XwhmB©Ÿ& Iwgamo Zo A§Va {bd bmB©Ÿ&&

o eãX H$s ewê$ H$s gmYmaU YwZ| h¢, na Agbr eãXKÊQ>o Am¡a e§I Ho$ h¢ {OZH$m D$nar _ÊS>bm| go gå~ÝY h¡Ÿ&

H$g ZXm{ZñV {H$ _§µOb Jho _meyµH$ Hw$OmñVŸ&Bª µH$Xa hñV {H$ ~m§Jo-Oago _o Am`XŸ&

(hm{µ\$O gm{h~)

AWm©V², H$moB© Zht OmZVm {H$ _oao àrV_ H$s _§{µOb H$hm±h¡, BVZm µOê$a h¡ {H$ dhm± go KÊQ>o H$s AmdmµO Am ahr h¡Ÿ&

eãX Ho$ AÝXa AmpË_H$ amJ h¡, YwZ h¡gmM¡ g~{X ghO Yw{Z CnO¡ _{Z gmM¡ {bd bmB©Ÿ&&AJ_ AJmoMé Zm_w {Za§OZw Jwa_w{I _§{Z dgmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234)

`h eãX h_| gwZmB© Š`m| Zht XoVm?`h eãX {ZaÝVa hmo ahm h¡ {\$a h_| Š`m| gwZmB© Zht

XoVm? BgH$m H$maU `h h¡ {H$ h_mao AÝXa _Z H$s Va§J|CR> ahr h¢ Am¡a "_¢-_oar' H$m Ah§H$ma âm hþAm h¡, Bg{b oh_ gXm eãX H$m ag Zht bo nmVo Am¡a Z hr Zm_ Ho$ gmW

h_mam ß`ma CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡…{OMé Bhþ _Zw bhar {d{M h¡ hC_¡ ~hþVw Ah§H$méŸ&&

g~X¡ gmXw Z AmdB© Zm{_ Z bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 3, 1247)

_m¡bmZm ê$_ gm{h~ ^r `hr µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ Voao H$mZeãX Ho$ Zµ½_m| H$mo Zht gwZ gH$Vo Š`m|{H$ nmnm| go Voao H$mZm|H$s {hg (ldU-e{º$) JÝXr hmo MwH$s h¡…

Z eZdX Am± Z½_mhm am Jmoeo {hgŸ&H$µO {gV_hm Jmoeo {hg dmeX Z{hgŸ&

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

`h "h[a-Zm_' h¡, `h Zm_ h[a ê$n h¡ Omo gd©Ì n[anyU©,ì`má hmo ahm h¡…

Jwa H$m g~Xw Xmê$ h[a ZmCŸ&&(~g§V _. 1, 1189)

BgH$mo dmUr ^r H$hm h¡, Omo Mmam| wJm| _| ~OVr MbrAmB© h¡…

~mUr dOr Mhþ OwJr gMmo gMw gwUmBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 35)

`h dmUr àË oH$ ñWmZ na _m¡OyX h¡, Bgr H$mo eãX `mZm_ ^r H$hm h¡ Omo A{V _rR>m Am¡a ß`mam h¡…

Ow{J Ow{J ~mUr g~{X nN>mUr ZmC _rR>m _Z{h {nAmamŸ&&(gmoa{R> _. 3, 602)

Aµ\$gmog h¡ {H$ Ord Bg eara Am¡a eara Ho$ ~§YZm|_| gX¡d ~±Ym ahVm h¡, ñWyb _| CbPo ahZo Ho$ H$maU dhX`mb H$s Cg AË`ÝV gyú_ go gyú_ AmdmµO H$mo ZhtgwZVm…

h¡µ\$ Xa ~§Xo {Oñ_ Xa_mZrŸ& ZewZdr gm¡Vo nmHo$ ah_mZrŸ&Omo Bg Ord H$mo ~wbmZo Ho$ {b o haX_ Am ahr h¡…

Am ahr Ywa go gXm Voao ~wbmZo Ho$ {b oŸ&&(Vwbgr gm{h~)

`h eãX ñWyb H$mZm| H$m {df` ZhtŸ& haEH$ Ho$ AÝXaCgH$mo gwZZo H$s `mo½`Vm h¡, na CgH$mo gwZZo Ho$ {b oAmÝV[aH$ H$mZm| Ho$ ImobZo H$s Amdí`H$Vm h¡, Omo Jwé Ho$AmXoe na MbZo go Iwb gH$Vo h¢Ÿ&

Omo bmoJ AÝXa Zht J o, Omo ~mha H$s {dÚmAm| _| hrbrZ h¢, do Bg ê$hmZr amJ go ~o ~a h¢Ÿ& Mmho ~mha H$m{dkmZ A^r VH$ BgH$mo gm{~V H$aZo _| Ag_W© hmo, na oR>rH$-R>rH$ {ddaU h¢ {OZH$m AmpË_H$ CÝZ{V Ho$ Vm{b~-Bë_ ({dÚmWu), gÝVm| H$s à`moJembm _|, AnZo AÝXa, Am±Im|Ho$ nrN>o OmH$a, à`moJ H$aHo$, AZw d H$aVo h¢Ÿ&

Bg eãX H$mo h_ {H$g àH$ma gwZ gH$Vo h¢`{X h_mao H$mZ ~mha H$s AmdmµO| gwZZo go éH$ Om |

Am¡a Am±I| ~mha Ho$ Ñí` XoIZm ~ÝX H$a X| Vmo h_ _m{bH$

Ho$ Bg ~wbmdo H$mo gwZ gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& O~ Bg àH$ma h_mao ˜`mbH$m ~mha ^Q>H$Zm ~ÝX hmo OmVm h¡ Vmo h_, AÝV_w©I, CZAZmoIr YwZm| H$mo gwZZo VWm Abm¡¡{H$H$ ag H$mo nmZo bJ OmVoh¢ Am¡a V~ _m{bH$ Ho$ oX àH$Q> hmoZo bJVo h¢Ÿ&

h_mam ˜`mb g~ BpÝÐ`m|, ˜mg H$a H$mZm|, Am±Im| Am¡aµO~mZ Ûmam ~mha \¡$b ahm h¡Ÿ& BZ VrZm| H$mo ~ÝX H$aHo$ `{Xh_ AÝV_w©I hmo Om | Vmo `h eãX gwZmB© XoZo bJ OmVm h¡…

VrZm| ~§X bJmB H$a, gwU AZhX Q>ZH$moaŸ&&ZmZH$ gwÝZ g_mY _m{h, Zht gm±P Zhr ^moaŸ&&

(àmU g§Jbr)

H$~ra gm{h~ Zo µ\$a_m`m h¡…Am±I, H$mZ, _wI ~§X H$amAmoŸ&& AZhX PtJm e~X gwZmAmoŸ&&

{Z`mµO gm{h~ H$hVo h¢…h_h Amb_ nwa hñV AµO AmdmµOŸ&boH$ XahmE Jmoeo IwX Hw$Z ~mµOŸ&~mµO H$aXZ h_t ~g AñV VwamŸ&

~§X gmµOr aho ewZrXZ amŸ&~eZdr `H$ H$bm_o bm _µŠVyŸ&AµO hXygmo µ\$Zm ~dX _aµ\yŸ &$

AW©… `{X Vy AnZo H$mZ ImobH$a gwZo Vmo gmao Amb__| `h AmdmµO hmo ahr h¡Ÿ& H$mZm| H$mo ImobZo H$m Ho$db BVZmhr _Vb~ h¡ {H$ Vy gwZZo dmbo amñVo H$mo ~ÝX H$a Xo, V~Vy Cg Xm`_r ({ZË` hmoZo dmbo) H$bm_ H$mo gwZoJm Omo àb`H$s gr_m go nao h¡Ÿ&

_Zwî` Ho$ AÝXa gyú_ hdmg1 (kmZ-BpÝÐ`m±) h¢ {OZH$s`{X ñWyb hdmg go VwbZm H$s Om o Vmo h_ CÝh| gmoZo Am¡aBÝh| Vm§~o Ho$ g_mZ ~Vm gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& O~ Aä`mg Ûmam h_OmJ¥V hmo OmVo h¢ Vmo o gyú_ hdmg (kmZ-BpÝÐ`m±) H$m_H$aZo bJ OmVo h¢ Am¡a BZHo$ Ûmam h_| ê$hmZr ZµOmam| H$mCgr àH$ma kmZ hmoZo bJVm h¡ {Og àH$ma OmJ¥V AdñWm_| h_| Xw{Z`m H$m Bë_ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Bg {df` _| _m¡bmZm ê$_gm{h~ H$m H$bm_ h¡…

n§O {hñgo hñV OwOmo Bª n§O {hgŸ&H$m± My µOao gw © d Bª {hghm My {_gŸ&

`h eãX gwaV Ho$ H$mZm| Ûmam gwZm OmVm h¡AmË_m H$m eãX Ho$ gmW, Omo gd©Ì a_m hþAm h¡, A§em-

A§er gå~ÝY h¡Ÿ& AmË_m _| `h e{º$ h¡ {H$ dh ~mharBpÝÐ`m| H$s _XX Ho$ ~µJ¡a AZw d H$a gHo$…

A_«o aã~r AñV ê$h d {ga©-IwXmñV,{OH«$ ~oH$m_ d ~oµO~m§ D$ am AñVŸ&

({Z`mµO gm{h~)

AW©… ê${h A_«o-aã~r (_m{bH$ H$m A§e) h¡, `h IwXm H$môX h¡, `h {~Zm Vmby Am¡a {~Zm µO~mZ {OH«$ H$a gH$Vr h¡Ÿ&

µHw$amZ ear\$ _| H$hm J`m h¡ {H$ ê$h IwXm H$m hþŠ_ h¡,A_«o-aã~r h¡Ÿ& `hm± "A_a' `m "hþŠ_' eãX H$mo hr H$hm h¡Ÿ&

dh H$m ¡Z-gm ñWmZ h¡ Ohm± `h eãX gwZmB© XoVmdh H$m ¡Z-gm ñWmZ h¡ Ohm± `h eãX gwZmB© XoVmdh H$m ¡Z-gm ñWmZ h¡ Ohm± `h eãX gwZmB© XoVmdh H$m ¡Z-gm ñWmZ h¡ Ohm± `h eãX gwZmB© XoVmdh H$m ¡Z-gm ñWmZ h¡ Ohm± `h eãX gwZmB© XoVmh ¡?h ¡?h ¡?h ¡?h ¡?

Bg eara Ho$ Xg Ûma h¢, Zm¡ àH$Q> h¢ Am¡a EH$ Jwá h¡…ZC XadmOo H$mBAm H$moQw> h¡ Xgd¡ JwnVw aIrO¡Ÿ&&

~Oa H$nmQ> Z IwbZr Jwa g~{X IwbrO¡Ÿ&&(am_H$br dma _. 3, 954)

O~ VH$ gwaV ~mha Zm¡ Ûmam| _| ^Q>H$Vr {\$aVr h¡ `hbyQ>r Om ahr h¡, `h Cg AZwn_ dñVw H$mo, Omo BgHo$ AÝXah¡, XoIZo Ho$ `mo½` Zht ~Z gH$VrŸ& BgHo$ AÝXa Xgdm§ Ûma^r h¡, Ohm± na `h VËd gwZmB© XoVm h¡…

ZC Ka Xo{I Ow H$m_{Z ybr ~gVw AZyn Z nmB©Ÿ&&H$hVw H$~ra Zd¡ Ka _ygo Xgd¢ VVw g_mB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r H$~ra 339)Jwé A_aXmg Or µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ gwaV H$mo Zm¡-Ûmam| go

hQ>m H$a VWm BpÝÐ`m| H$s Amoa Xm¡¡‹S>Vo _Z H$mo AÝVa_wI amoH$H$a Xgdt Jbr _| AmAmo, `hm± go {ZO-Ka H$s Amoa amñVmOmVm h¡Ÿ& dhm± {XZ-amV, AIÊS> ê$n go AZhX eãX hmo ahmh¡, na `h Ho$db Jwé_V Ûmam gwZmB© Xo gH$Vm h¡…

ZC X[a R>mHo$ YmdVw ahmEŸ&& Xgd¡ {ZOK[a dmgm nmEŸ&&AmoW¡ AZhX g~X dO{h {XZw amVr Jwa_Vr g~Xw gwUmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 124)Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Bg {df` H$m ~‹S>r ñnï>Vmnyd©H$ dU©Z

H$aVo h¢ {H$ eãX B‹S>m, qnJbm Am¡a gwfåZm go ^r D$na hmoahm h¡ {OgH$mo Ho$db gVJwé hr gwZm gH$Vm h¡…

gwI_Zm B‹S>m qnJwbm ~yP¡ Om Amno AbIw bImEŸ&&ZmZH$ {Vhþ Vo D$n[a gmMm g{VJwa g~{X g_mEŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)Ohm± VH$ VËd, _Z Am¡a _m`m h¢ dhm± VH$ `h eãX

BZ_| {_b H$a H$m_ H$aVm h¡Ÿ& CgHo$ D$na dh {Z{b©á h¡,ewÕ h¡Ÿ&

`h eãX Xgm| ndZm| _| go {H$gr Ho$ AmYma na Zht{gÕm| Zo Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ go nyN>m…

gw g~X H$m H$hm dmgw H$WrAbo {OVw VarEo ^dObw g§gmamoŸ&&Ì¡ gV A§Jwb dmB© H$hrEo {Vgw H$hþ H$dZw AYmamoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)AWm©V², Cg eãX H$m dmg H$hm± h¡ {Oggo Ow‹S>H$a

g§gma-gmJa go Vam Om gH$Vm h¡? Xg àH$ma H$s Omo ndZ|h¢, ~VmAmo dh (BZ_| go) {H$gHo$ AmYma na h¡?

BgHo$ CÎma _| Jwé gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…gw g~X H$C {Za§V[a dmgw AbI§ Oh XoIm Vh gmoB©Ÿ&&ndZ H$m dmgm gw§Z {Zdmgm AH$b H$bm Ya gmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)

1. BpÝÐ`m| Ûmam kmZ hmoVm h¡, Cgo$ {hñg H$hVo h¢, {hñg H$m ~hþdMZ hdmgŸ&

eãX 137


AWm©V², Cg eãX H$m dmg h_mao AÝXa h¡, dh AbIh¡, Ohm± H$ht ^r _¢ XoIVm hÿ± dhr {XImB© XoVm h¡Ÿ& ndZ H$m{ZH$mg `m CX²J_ Vmo gwÝZ ñWmZ go h¡, na `h eãX {H$grMrµO Ho$ AmYma na ZhtŸ& O~ VH$ h_ AÝV_w©Ir hmoH$agwfwåZm go D$na Zht OmVo BgH$mo gwZ Zht gH$VoŸ& `h eãXh_| Bgr H$m`m Ho$ AÝXa {_bVm h¡…

H$mBAm gmo{Y Va¡ ^d gmJé AmV_ VVw drMmarŸ&&Jwa godm Vo gXm gwIw nmBAm A§V[a g~Xw a{dAm JwUH$marŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908)

H$mBAm ZJar g~Xo ImoOo Zm_w Zd{Z{Y nmB©Ÿ&&(am_H$br _. 3, 910)

`h BÝgmZr {Oñ_ eãX H$mo gwZZo Ho$ {b o ao{S>`mo H$s^m±{V h¡Ÿ& ao{S>`mo goQ> H$mo O~ Omo‹S>Vo h¢ Vmo Cg_| go AmdmµOgwZmB© XoZo bJ OmVr h¡Ÿ& Bgr àH$ma O~ gVJwé h_H$moAÝV_w©I Omo‹S> XoVo h¢, Vmo h_ Cg eãX H$mo gwZZo Ho$ {b oV¡ ma hmo OmVo h¢Ÿ& {\$a Bg goQ> H$mo {Z`_nyd©H$ aIH$a h_eãX H$s AZoH$ YwZ| gwZ gH$Vo h¢Ÿ&

eãX Am¡a àH$meg§gma _| Xmo dñVwE± _mJ©-Xe©Z H$m H$m_ H$aVr h¢, EH$

"eãX' Am¡a Xygam "àH$me'Ÿ& BZH$mo hr "H$bm_' Am¡a "Zya' ^rH$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& o Xmo hr _mJ© h¢ {OZ na MbZo go na_mW©H$s amh _| CÝZ{V hmoVr h¡, o XmoZm| hr \$bXm`H$ h¢Ÿ& oldU-gmYZ Am¡a Ñ{ï>-gmYZ go gå~pÝYV h¡Ÿ& eãX Am¡aÁ`mo{V Ho$ Aä`mgm| H$m AnZm-AnZm H$m © h¡Ÿ& h_mao AÝXaÁ`mo{V h¡ Am¡a Cg Á`mo{V Ho$ AÝXa dmUr `m eãX h¡ {OgHo$Ûmam gƒr ^{º$ CËnÝZ hmoVr h¡…

_Zw ~¡am{J aVC ~¡amJr g~{X _Zw ~o{YAm _oar _mB©Ÿ&&A§V[a Omo{V {Za§V[a ~mUr gmMo gm{h~ {gC {bd bmB©Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 1, 634)

eãX Am¡a Á`mo{V dmñVd _| EH$ hr MrµO h¢Ÿ& H$ånZ EH$gr_m VH$ Üd{Z CËnÝZ H$aVo h¢, na `{X CZH$s J{V H$B©JwZm ~‹T> OmE Vmo do àH$me _| n[ad{V©V hmo OmVo h¢Ÿ& `h eãXhr dmñV{dH$ OrdZYmam h¡ Omo gånyU© aMZm H$mo OrdZ àXmZH$a ahr h¡Ÿ& `hr Zya h¡ Omo h_mao A±Yoao Kam| H$mo àH$m{eVH$a ahm h¡Ÿ& na dh Agbr dñVw AJmoMa h¡…

Amoh ~gVw AJmoMa R>mB©Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 205)

{~Zw g~X¡ A§V[a AmZoamŸ&& Z dgVw bh¡ Z MyH¡$ \o$amŸ&&(_mP _. 3, 124)

`h h_mar Xohm| H$mo hr Zht ~pëH$ gånyU© g¥{ï> H$mo^r àH$me_mZ H$aZo dmbm h¡…

{~Zw g~X¡ O{J AmÝhoé h¡ g~Xo g~Xo naJQw> hmoBŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 3, 1250)

`h àH$me g~Ho$ AÝXa h¡Ÿ& hµOaV B©gm ^r Bgr àH$meH$m C„oI H$aVo h¢ {H$ dh g~H$m àH$meH$ h¡Ÿ& Š`m {hÝXw,Š`m _wgb_mZ, Š`m B©gmB©, àË oH$ BÝgmZ H$s Xoh H$moàH$me_mZ H$a ahm h¡…

“In Him was life, and life was the light ofman. And The light shineth in darkness that wasthe true light, which lighteth everyman thatcometh into the World.”

g|Q> AJñQ>rZ ^r Bg àH$me Ho$ AnZo AÝXa àH$Q> hmoZoH$m Bg àH$ma dU©Z H$aVo h¢, ""_¢Zo AnZo AÝVa _| àdoe{H$`m, Vy _oam _mJ©-Xe©H$ ~Zm, Am¡a _¢ AÝXa àdoe H$aZoHo$ `mo½` hþAm, Š`m|{H$ Vy _oam ghm`H$ WmŸ& _¢ AÝXa Xm{IbhþAm Am¡a AnZr ê$h H$s Am±I Ûmam (dh Eogr hr Wr) XoIm,AnZr ê$h H$s Cgr Am±I Am¡a AnZo _Z Ho$ D$na, H$^rZ ~XbZo dmbm àH$me XoImŸ& `h gmYmaU amoeZr Zht Omogmar Xw{Z`m XoIVr h¡, Z hr Bg àH$ma H$s (gm§gm[aH$) H$moB©~‹S>r amoeZr, {OgH$m àH$me AË`ÝV C‚mdb hmo, BVZm{dñV¥V {H$ gmao Xoe (ñnog) Am¡a H$mb H$mo Koa boŸ& dh BgàH$ma H$s amoeZr Zht Wr, dh Am¡a àH$ma H$s amoeZr, BZamoe{Z`m| go H$ht AbJ àH$ma H$s Wr ...... dh Omo "gM'H$mo OmZVm h¡, dh Bg àH$me H$mo OmZVm h¡ Am¡a Omo BgàH$me H$mo OmZVm h¡ dh Cg emídV H$mo OmZVm h¡Ÿ&''

H$~ra gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ eãX Ho$ {~Zm gwaV A§Yrh¡; Bgo H$moB© _mJ© Zht gyPVm; ~µJ¡a eãX Ho$ dh ^Q>H$Vr{\$aVr h¡…

e~X {~Zm gwaV Am§Yar, H$hmo H$hm§ H$mo OmBŸ&XwAma Z nmE e~X H$m, {\$a {\$a ^Q>H$m ImBŸ&&

_hmË_m µOaXwíV ^r Bgr àH$me H$m C„oI H$aVo ahoAm¡a CgH$s nyOm nma{g`m| _| ~mhar A{¾-nyOm Ho$ ê$n _|AmO VH$ àM{bV h¡Ÿ&

{OZ _hmË_mAm| Zo ^r (nya~ Ho$ `m npíM_ Ho$) AnZoAÝXa àdoe {H$`m, Am¡a AÝVar _ÊS>bm| na J_Z {H$`m,CÝhm|Zo Bg "eãX' Am¡a àH$me H$m {µOH«$ {H$`m h¡Ÿ& AmË_mBg VZ-_Z Ho$ qnOao _| ~§Xr h¡ Am¡a BgHo$ AÝXa hr eãXAm¡a àH$me XmoZm| h¢Ÿ& eãX Am¡a àH$me H$m gå~ÝY H«$_e…gwaV Am¡a {ZaV Ho$ gmW h¡Ÿ& gwaV gwZVr h¡ Am¡a {ZaV XoIVrh¡Ÿ& ê$hmZr _§{µObm| H$s M‹T>mB© _| {ZaV AmJo ahVr h¡ Am¡agwaV nrN>oŸ&

àH$me H$s J{V eãX go VoµO h¡gwaV Am¡a {ZaV Ho$ n[anŠd hmoZo na AmË_m VZ Am¡a

_Z Ho$ qnOao go _wº$ hmo D$na Ho$ _ÊS>bm| _| M‹T>mB© H$agH$Vr h¡ Am¡a OÝ_-_aU go Nw>Q>H$mam nm boVr h¡Ÿ& gma ~MZ_| BgH$m g§Ho$V Bg àH$ma {H$`m J`m h¡…

{ZaV gIr H$mo AJwAm H$aHoŸ && gVbmoH$ M‹T> OmD±$JrŸ&&ewê$ _| eãX hr àH$Q> hmoVm h¡Ÿ& CgHo$ ~mX Zya `m

àH$me Am OmVm h¡Ÿ& Aä`mg _| ^r nhbm H$m_ h_ eãXgo boVo h¢, `Ú{n gw{_aZ Am¡a Ü`mZ H$m gmYZ nhbo ewê${H$`m OmVm h¡ na BZH$m H$m_ Ho$db eãX Ho$ {b o YaVrV¡ ma H$aZm h¡ (XoI| "gw{_aZ' Am¡a "Ü`mZ' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ&gw{_aZ Am¡a Ü`mZ H$m H$m_ AnZm AnZm h¡, na o XmoZm|hr gmYZ eãX ê$nr Xyëho Ho$ AJwAm h¢, Agbr _hËd eãXH$m hr h¡Ÿ& gw{_aZ H$s ~w{Z`mX eãX-Aä`mg AWdmYwZmË_H$ Zm_ H$s Hw§$Or h¡Ÿ& Aä`mg Ho$ _mJ© _| Eogo ñWmZ^r Am OmVo h¢ Ohm± gmYH$ Vrd« àH$me go {Ka OmVm h¡,MH$mMm¢Y H$s Cg pñW{V go {ZH$bZo H$m gmYZ eãX hrhmoVm h¡Ÿ& Hw$N> _wµH$m_ Eogo ^r h¢ Ohm± A±Yoam hr A±Yoam h¡(_hmgwÝZ Am{X), dhm± na ^r Jwé H$m ~Vm`m hþAm eãX `mYwZmË_H$ Zm_ hr ghm`H$ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& BZ _ÊS>bm| na eãXhr EH$ gƒm _mJ©-Xe©H$ h¡Ÿ& {Og àH$ma gwZgmZ O§Jb _|,amV Ho$ g_`, O~{H$ gd©Ì AÝYH$ma N>m`m hþAm hmo, hmWH$mo hmW Z gyPVm hmo, H$moB© amñVm ybm hþAm n{WH$ {H$grHw$Îmo Ho$ ^m¢H$Zo H$s AmdmµO gwZmB© XoZo na Cg AmdmµO Ho$Amgao ~ñVr VH$ nhþ±MZo _§| g_W© hmoVm h¡, Cgr àH$maAÝV_w©I Eogr n[apñW{V`m| _| eãX H$m Amgam AÝYo H$moghmao H$m H$m_ XoVm h¡Ÿ& `h eãX-_mJ© H$s _hÎmm h¡Ÿ&

eãX gM h¡JwédmUr _| eãX H$m gM (XoI| "gM' H$m àH$aU)

H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡, Omo H$^r Zï> Zht hmoVm, Omo"Am{X gMw OwJm{X gMwŸ&& h¡ ^r gMw ZmZH$ hmogr ^r gMwŸ&&''(OnwOr, 1)Ÿ& Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ ~§gV amJ _| µ\$a_mVo h¢…

EH$mo g~Xw gMm ZrgmUwŸ&& nyao Jwa Vo OmU¡ OmUwŸ&&(~g§V _. 1, 1188)

Jwé A_aXmg Or Am¡a Jwé AOw©Z gm{h~ Bgr H$s nw{ï>H$aVo h¢…

gMw ~mUr gMw g~Xw h¡ Om g{V Yao {nAméŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 33)

gw{U gOU Or _¡S>‹S>o _rVm am_Ÿ&&Jw[a_§Ìw g~Xw gMw XrVm am_Ÿ&&

(dS>h§g _. 5, 576)

eãX A_¥V h¡JwédmUr _| eãX H$mo A_¥V (XoI| "A_¥V' H$m àH$aU)

^r H$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& A_¥V dh h¡ Omo h_H$mo A_a H$a Xo, `he{º$ Ho$db eãX _| hr h¡Ÿ& Jwé H$m eãX A_¥V h¡ {OgH$mnmZ H$aZo go h_mar g~ V¥îUmE§ {_Q> OmVr h¢ Am¡a h_ "gM',_m{bH$ _§| g_m OmVo h¢…

Jwa H$m g~Xw A§{_«Vw h¡ {OVw nrV¡ {VI OmBŸ&&Bhþ _Zw gmMm g{M aVm gMo a{hAm g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)

eãX Ho$ {~Zm gmam OJV ~mdam hmo ahm h¡ Am¡a _Zwî`-OÝ_ {Zî\$b Om ahm h¡Ÿ& Ho$db eãX hr A_¥V h¡ Omo Jwé_wIH$mo hr àmá hmoVm h¡…

{~Zw g~X¡ g w OJw ~CamZm {~aWm OZ_w JdmBAmŸ&&A§_¥Vw EH$mo g~Xw h¡ ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I nmBAmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

`h A_¥V h_mao AÝXa ânya h¡, na _Z_wIm| H$mo BgH$mag Zht {_bVm, Š`m|{H$ do H$ñVyar-_¥J Ho$ g_mZ h¢, OmoAnZo AÝXa hr, Zm{^ _| H$ñVyar Ho$ hmoVo hþE ^r Cggo~o ~a ^Q>H$Vo h¢…

Ka hr _{h A§_¥Vw ânyé h¡ _Z_wIm gmXw Z nmBAmŸ&&{OC H$gVyar {_aJw Z OmU¡ «_Xm â{_ wbmBAmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

Bg A_¥V H$m gamoda h_mao AnZo AÝXa h¡Ÿ& _Zwî` H$sAmË_m Bg A_¥V H$mo eãX Ho$ Ûmam {ZH$mb H$a nr gH$Vr h¡…

A§V[a IyhQ>m A§_¥{V ^[aAm g~Xo H$m{T> nrEo n{ZhmarŸ&&(dS>h§gw _. 3, 570)

eãX gma nXmW© h¡JwédmUr ~VbmVr h¡ {H$ g~ gmYZm| H$m gma eãX H$s

H$_mB© (Aä`mg) h¡ Omo _m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na nadmZ `m ñdrH¥$Vh¡ Am¡a {OgHo$ Ûmam _moj-Ûma H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡…

gMw H$aUr g~Xw h¡ gméŸ&&(_mP _. 3, 114)

Jwa H$m g~Xw H$aUr h¡ gmaŸ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1344)

eãX Ho$ Aä`mg Ho$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a H$moB© H$aZr gma-dñVw H$s àm{á Zht H$am gH$VrŸ& Ord _moh-A§YH$ma _|CbPm ahVm h¡Ÿ& Bg ~mao _| Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…

Bgw OJ _{h g~Xw H$aUr h¡ gméŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ hmoé _mohþ Jw~méŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

H${b wJ _| eãX-H$sV©Z H$s ^{º$ hr gmW©H$ h¡ (XoI|"H$sV©Z' H$m àH$aU)…

H${b H$sa{V g~Xw nN>mZwŸ&& Ehm ^J{V MyH¡$ A{^_mZwŸ&&(Amgm _. 3, 424)

eãX Ho$ Ûmam hr Ord H$m H$ë`mU h¡, eãX go hr OrdH$m±M go H§$MZ ~Z OmVm h¡, {df go A_¥V hmo OmVm h¡…

H$Mhþ H§$MZw ^BAC g~Xw Jwa òdU{h gw{UAmoŸ&&{~Iw Vo A§_¥Vw hþ C Zm_w g{VJwa _w{I ^{UACŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1399)

Bg àH$ma Ord AnZo _Zwî`-OÝ_ H$mo gmW©H$ H$a boVm h¡…Jwa_w{I OZ_w gH$maWm gM¡ g~{X bJ§{ZŸ&&AmV_ am_w àJm{gAm ghOo gw{I ah§{ZŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 755)

eãX 139


eãX hþŠ_ Am¡a Zm_ h¡_m{bH$ H$s n[anyU© e{º$ Ho$ {b o "eãX', "hþŠ_' Am¡a

"Zm_' Am{X {^ÝZ-{^ÝZ eãXm| H$m à`moJ {H$`m J`m h¡…hþŠ_ _§Zo gmo OZw nadmUwŸ&& Jwa Ho$ g~{X Zm{_ ZrgmUwŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1175)

eãX _hmag h¡Jwé H$m eãX _hmag h¡, AË`ÝV _rR>m h¡ Am¡a dh AÝVa

_| hr {_bVm h¡…Jwa H$m g~Xw _hm agw _rR>mŸ&& Eogm A§_¥Vw A§V[a S>rR>mŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1331)

eãX AZÝV ^ÊS>ma h¡eãX H$^r IË_ hmoZo dmbm Zht, BgH$m ^ÊS>ma AZÝV h¡…

{VMé _y{b Z Ww‹S>tXmo {OMé Am{n H¥$nmbwŸ&&g~Xw AIwQw> ~m~m ZmZH$m Im{h Ia{M YZw _mbwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 5, 1426)

Jwé H$m eãX Anma h¡, CgH$m H$moB© AÝV Zht, Ohm±`h h¡ dhm± H$mb Zht nhþ±M gH$Vm…

Vy± h¡ gmOZw Vy± gwOmUw Vy± Amno _obU hméŸ&&Jwé g~Xr gmbmhrEo A§Vw Z nmamdméŸ&&

{VW¡ H$mbw Z An‹S>¡ {OW¡ Jwa H$m g~Xw AnméŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 55)

eãX gd©ì`mnH$ h¡eãX h_mao AÝXa h¡, dh Mmam| `wJm| _| h¡, dh gd©ì`mnr h¡…

g~{X gya OwJ Mmao ACYy ~mUr ^J{V drMmarŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 908)

dh ha OJh h¡, gd©Ì ânya h¡, dh h[a H$m ê$n h¡,h_go Xya Zht, dh gXm g~ Hw$N> gwZVm Am¡a XoIVm h¡…

E _Z _V OmU{h h[a Xy[a h¡ gXm doIw hXy[aŸ&&gX gwUXm gX doIXm g~{X a{hAm âny[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 429)

dh _m{bH$ H$m hþŠ_ h¡ Omo gd©Ì ì`má h¡, g~Ho$ AÝXah¡…

Mhþ {X{g hþH$_w daV¡ à^ Voam Mhþ {X{g Zm_ nVmb§Ÿ&&g^ _{h g~Xw daV¡ à^ gmMm H$a{_ {_b¡ ~¡Amb§Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)

eãX H$m`m Ho$ AÝXa {_bVm h¡H$m`m-ZJar H$s ImoO H$aZo go eãX `m Zm_ H$s àm{á

hmoVr h¡…H$mBAm ZJar g~Xo ImoOo Zm_w Zd§{Z{Y nmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)

H$m`m H$mo gmY H$a AÝV_w©I hmoZo go dh {_bVm h¡…H$mBAm gmo{Y Va¡ ^d gmJé AmV_ VVw drMmarŸ&&

Jwa godm Vo gXm gwIw nmBAm A§V[a g~Xw a{dAm JwUH$marŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 908)

Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Bg eãX H$m R>m¡a-{R>H$mZm ~VmVo h¢{H$ `h B‹S>m, qnJbm Am¡a gwfwåZm Ho$ D$na gVJwé Ûmam gwZmB©XoVm h¡…

gwI_mZ B‹S>m qnJwbm ~yP¡ Om Amno AbIw bImEŸ&&ZmZH$ {Vhþ Vo D$n[a gmMm g{VJwa g~{X g_mEŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)

eãX H¡$go àmá hmoVm h¡?1. _m{bH$ H$s _oha Ûmam

_m{bH$ {Og na Ywa go X`m-Ñ{ï> H$ao dhr eãX H$mog_PVm h¡, Cgr Ho$ AÝXa eãX àH$Q> hmoVm h¡…

ZX[a H$ao g~Xw KQ> _{h dg¡ {dMhþ â_w JdmEŸ&&VZw _Zw {Za_bw {Za_b ~mUr Zm_mo _§{Z dgmEŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)

{Og{h ~wPmE gmoB© ~yP¡ {Og Zmo Amno bB {_bmBŸ&&AZ{XZw ~mUr g~Xo Jmd¡ gm{M ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)

{Og na CgH$s X`m-Ñ{ï> h¡, CZHo$ {b o gM H$sQ>H$gmb Ho$ eãX K‹T>m OmVm h¡, do hr Bg Amoa bJVo h¢…K‹S>rEo g~Xw gMr Q>H$gmbŸ&& {OZ H$C ZX[a H$a_w {VZ H$maŸ&&

(Onwnr, 8)

2. gËg§J Am¡a gVJwé ÛmamO~ _m{bH$ X`m-_oha H$aVm h¡ Vmo dh gVJwé H$m {_bmn

H$amVm h¡, h_mar gwaV H$mo eãX Ho$ gmW Omo‹S> XoVm h¡…H$a_w hmod¡ g{VJwê$ {_bmEŸ&& godm gwa{V g~{X {MVw bmEŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 109)

`h XmV gVJwé Am¡a gËg§J Ho$ Ûmam hr {_bVr h¡…EH$mo g~Xw gMm ZrgmUwŸ&& nyao Jwa Vo OmU¡ OmUwŸ&&

(~g§V _. 1, 1188)

nya¡ g{VJw[a g~Xw gwUmBAmŸ&& Ì¡ JwU _oQ>o MCW¡ {MVw bmBAmŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 3, 231)

g{VJwé XmVm g~Xw gwUmEŸ&& YmdVw amI¡ R>m{H$ ahmEŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 3, 232)

Jwé ñd`§ eãX-ñdê$n h¡, eãX Cggo hr àH$Q> hmo gH$Vmh¡Ÿ& `h eãX Jwé H$m àgmX h¡, Jwé go hr dh AÝVa _| pñWahmoVm h¡, {H$gr Am¡a go CgH$m àH$Q> hmoZm Agå^d h¡…

namB© A_mU {H$C aIrEo {XVr hr gwIw hmoBŸ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw Jwa W¡ {Q>H¡$ hmoaW¡ naJQw> Z hmoBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1249)

`h eãX ~oµO~mZr H$s µO~mZ (_yH$ ^mfm) _| h¡ Omo_m{bH$ Ho$ _wI go, ~J¡a CƒmaU {H$ o hþE, àH$Q> hmo ahmh¡Ÿ& _w{e©X (Jwé) ^r AnZo _warXm| ({eî`m|) H$mo, _m{bH$ H$sVah, {~Zm µO~mZ Ho$ nmR> n‹T>mVm h¡Ÿ& _m¡bdr ê$_ gm{h~H$hVo h¢…

e¡Imo µ\$Amb AñV ~oAmbV Mmo hµŠHŸ &$~m _warXm§ XmX d JwâVZ g~µHŸ &$

Jwé Bg AH$W Am¡a {dXoh eãX H$m Bemam XoH$a, {eî` H$moAÝV_w©I AnZr gÎmm àXmZ H$aHo$ CgHo$ gmW Omo‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ&

3. {dÚmAm|, em¡M-g§ _m| Am¡a Om{V-nm±{V Ho$ A{^_mZ H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a gVJwé Ho$ MaUm| _| Z_«Vmnyd©H$ ~¡R>Zo go {_bVm h¡

Bg Xm¡bV H$mo nmZo Ho$ {b o h_| {dÚmWu Am¡a em¡M-g§ _m| Ho$ Ah§H$ma go a{hV hmoH$a {H$gr nyU© Jwé Ho$ MaUm|_| AmZm n‹S>Vm h¡…~emo \$m[aµJ µOo Bë_mo µOhX `H$X_Ÿ& H$e Owam AµO Om_o _wµJmZhŸ&

(hm{µ\$µO)

AnZo AmnHo$ Ah§H$ma, YZ, {dÚm, Om{V-nm{V Am¡aHw$bm| Ho$ _mZ d ~‹S>ßnZ Ho$ ^md H$mo AnZo AÝXa Z AmZoXmoŸ& BZgo eãX ~ÝX hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& Z_«Vm H$m l§Jma H$aHo$ eãXH$mo gwZmo VWm CgHo$ Zeo go _ñVr àmá H$amoŸ&

Omo y{_ A^r V¡ ma Zht, Cg_| Hw$-F$Vw AWdm Ag_`~mo m hþAm ~rO \$b Zht XoVmŸ& Bgr àH$ma O~ VH$ _Z_{bZ dmgZmAm| go a{hV Zht hmoVm, ñdÀN> Zht hmoVm, V~VH$ BgH$m ^Q>H$Zm `m ^mJ-Xm¡‹S> ~ÝX Zht hmoVrŸ& _Z Ho$dbeãX-^{º$ Ûmam hr {Z_©b hmoVm h¡Ÿ& O~ VH$ _Z Xw{dYmAm|_| h¡, {H$gr H$m © _| g\$bVm Zht hmoVrŸ& Bggo h_ eãX`m Zm_ H$mo àmá Zht H$a nmVo Am¡a eãX Ho$ {~Zm h__m{bH$ Ho$ Xe©Z Zht H$a gH$Vo…

{OMé Bhþ _Zw bhar {d{M h¡ hC_¡ ~hþVw Ah§H$maŸ&&g~X¡ gmXw Z AmdB© Zm{_ Z bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1247)

AVEd, AÝXa _Z H$s _{bZVm H$mo Xya H$aZm ~mharn{dÌVm go A{YH$ Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ&

eãX-^{º$ Š`m h¡?eãX-^{º$ AÝV_w©I hmoH$a eãX H$s Üd{Z H$mo

EH$mJ«Vmnyd©H$ gwZZm h¡Ÿ& eãX gyú_ h¡ Am¡a O~ VH$ h_ ^rgyú_ Zht hmoVo, eãX H$mo Zht nH$‹S> gH$VoŸ& eãX MoVZVmH$m H$maU h¡, h_mar gwaV (AmË_m) Ho$ _m{bH$ H$m A§e h¡Am¡a _m{bH$ eãX-ê$n hmoH$a gmao g§gma _| {dMa ahm h¡Ÿ&gwaV eãX Ho$ gmW Omo‹S>Zm _m{bH$ Ho$ gmW Omo‹S>Zm h¡…

g~{X {_b{h Vm h[a {_b¡ godm nd¡ g^ WmBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 27)

AVEd, eãX Ho$ gmW Ow‹S>Zo Ho$ {b o gwaV H$m gm§gm[aH${µJbmµ\$m| go nmH$ hmoZm µOê$ar h¡Ÿ& O~ VH$ h_ {H$gr EogoeãX-Aä`mgr _hmË_m go Zht {_bVo, {Oggo {H$ eãX H$mXmZ {_b gHo$, V~ VH$ `h gwaV Omo _Z Am¡a _m`m Ho$~§YZm| _| OH$‹S>r hþB© h¡, _wº$ hmoH$a AnZo {ZO-Ka H$mo ZhtOm gH$VrŸ&

eãX {H$gr {~abo Jwé_wI H$mo àmá hmoVm h¡_m{bH$ Ho$ Xe©Z H$s bmbgm haEH$ H$aVm h¡Ÿ& na H$moB©

{~abm hr eãX Ho$ Ûmam Cgo nhMmZVm h¡…Voao XagZ H$C Ho$Vr {~bbmBŸ&& {dabm H$mo MrZ{g Jwa g~{X {_bmBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1188)

`h H$m`m h[a H$m _pÝXa h¡, BgHo$ AÝXa eãX h¡{OgH$s H$_mB© (Aä`mg) gab h¡Ÿ& g~ Ord BgHo$A{YH$mar h¢ (XoI| "gwaV-eãX `moJ' H$m àH$aU), do µJar~`m A_ra, n‹T>o `m AZn‹T>, {H$gr ^r Xoe `m Y_© Ho$ hm|, Jwégo {X{jV hmoH$a CgH$s H$_mB© H$a gH$Vo h¢Ÿ& Jwé_wI hmoH$aBgH$m Aä`mg ghO hr hmo gH$Vm h¡ Am¡a dh erK«bm^Xm`H$ ^r hmoVm h¡…

h[a _§Xé h[a H$m hmQw> h¡ a{IAm g~{X gdm[aŸ&&{Vgw {d{M gCXm EHw$ Zm_w Jwa_w{I b¡{Z gdm[aŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)

{~Zw g~Xo g w OJw ~CamZm {~aWm OZ_w JdmBAmŸ&&A§_¥Vw EH$mo g~Xw h¡ ZmZH$ Jwa_wI nmBAmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _ 3, 644)

_Z_wI, _Z Ho$ M§Mb hmoZo Ho$ H$maU, eãX H$mo ZhtnhMmZ gH$Vm Am¡a dh CgHo$ ag go d§{MV ahVm h¡…_Zw M§Mbw {~{Y Zmhr OmU¡Ÿ&& _Zgw{I _¡bm g~Xw Z nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 415)

_ZgwI Zm_w Z OmUZr {dUw Zmd¡ n{V OmBŸ&&g~X¡ gmXw Z AmBAmo bmJo XyO¡ ^mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)

_m`mYmar A{V A±Ym Am¡a ~ham h¡Ÿ& dh eãX Z gwZZoHo$ H$maU AÝYH$ma Am¡a «_m| _| \±$gm ahVm h¡…_mBAmYmar A{V A§Z²m ~mobmŸ&& g~Xw Z gwUB© ~hþ amob KMmobmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 3, 313)

eãX AÝV_w©I Š`m H$aVm h¡?eãX MoVZ h¡, dh _m{bH$ ê$nr g_wÐ H$s bha h¡ Am¡a

Ord _m{bH$ H$s µOmV ({ZOñdê$n) H$m H$Vam (A§e) h¡, BgH$m_m{bH$ Ho$ gmW A§em-A§er gå~ÝY h¡Ÿ& _m{bH$ _hmMoVZ H$mg_wÐ h¡, eãX CgH$s bha h¡ Am¡a gwaV `m AmË_m CgH$s ~y±X

eãX 141


h¡Ÿ& _hmMoVZ H$s bha AWdm MoVZ eãX, gwaV H$mo AnZr AmoaItMVm h¡ (O¡go Mwå~H$ bmoho H$mo ItMVm h¡) Am¡a AnZo _| {_bmboVm h¡Ÿ& O~ VH$ gwaV eãX Ho$ ghmao D$na {ZO-_wµH$m_ H$sAmoa Zht M‹T>Vr, dh _w{º$ àmá Zht H$a gH$VrŸ& eãX h_maoAÝXa YwZH$ma| Xo ahm h¡, gwaV Cggo Ow‹S>H$a gr{_V go Agr_H$s Amoa OmZo Ho$ `mo½` hmo OmVr h¡Ÿ&

gwaV Am¡a eãX H$m ñdm^m{dH$ gå~ÝY h¡, eãX Ho$ AÝXaê$n Am¡a Üd{Z h¢ {OZHo$ Ûmam _Z I‹S>m hmo OmVm h¡ Am¡a gwaVeãX Ho$ AÝXa brZ hmoH$a, _m{bH$ _| Om g_mVr h¡Ÿ& eãX_m{bH$-Hw$b go {ZH$bVm h¡, gwaV CgHo$ Amgao _m{bH$ VH$nhþ±MZo _| g_W© hmoVr h¡Ÿ& àmUm| Ho$ Amgao Aä`mg H$aZo go h_àmUm| Ho$ CX²J_ ({ZH$mg) {MXmH$me VH$ agmB© H$a gH$Vo h¢,AmJo ZhtŸ& JwédmUr ~VbmVr h¡ {H$ _m{bH$ {ZË` h¡ Am¡a eãXHo$ Aä`mg Ûmam CgH$s àm{á hmoVr h¡…

gm{h~w _oam gXm h¡ {Xg¡ g~Xw H$_mBŸ&&(JyOar dma _. 501)

O~ eãX {_bo V~ h[a {_bVm h¡…g~{X {_b{h Vm h[a {_b¡ godm nd¡ g^ WmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)

Ho$db eãX Ûmam hr gƒo àrV_ (_m{bH$) go {_bmnhmo gH$Vm h¡…

OrAm A§X[a OrC g~Xw h¡ {OVw gh _obmdm hmoBŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 3, 1250)

Ho$db eãX hr EH$_mÌ _mJ© h¡ Omo h_H$mo AnZo {ZO_wµH$m_ na nhþ±Mm gH$Vm h¡, `h dh OhmµO h¡ Omo Ord H$mo^dgmJa go nma H$aHo$ _m{bH$ H$s JmoX _| nhþ±Mm XoVm h¡Ÿ&

_m{bH$-Hw$b, Ord VWm XmoZm| H$mo Omo‹S>Zo dmbm eãX,o VrZm| EH$ hr ê$n h¢, EH$ hr _m{bH$ VrZm| Ho$ ê$n _|

h¡Ÿ& AmË_m AH$mbnwéf go H$moB© {^ÝZ hñVr Zht aIVr, dhCgr H$m A§e h¡…

H$hþ H$~ra Bhþ am_ H$s A§gwŸ&&(Jm¢S> H$~ra, 871)

BZH$m A§er gå~ÝY hmoVo hþE ^r ha EH$ AmË_m AnZrhñVr H$mo AbJ g_PVr h¡Ÿ&

gMIÊS> H$s ~mXemhV h_mao AÝXa h¡, na `w{º$ Ho$ ~µJ¡aCg_| àdoe H$aZm Agå^d h¡, h_| AÝXa OmZm Mm{hòŸ& AÝXaOmZo H$m gmYZ eãX hr h¡, BgH$s H$_mB© hr h_| _Z-_m`m,Xw…I-gwI, Û¡V Am¡a OÝ_-_aU go _wº$ H$a gH$Vr h¡Ÿ&

eãX _m{bH$ H$s MoVZ Üd{Z-_` Ymam h¡, Omo CgH$m ê$nh¡ Am¡a Omo gånyU© g¥{ï> H$mo ~Zm H$a Mbm ahr h¡Ÿ& eãX gånyU©g¥{ï> H$m ~rO h¡Ÿ& Omo Hw$N> ~rO Ho$ AÝXa h¡ dhr Cggo CËnÝZhþE d¥j Ho$ \¡$bmd _| ^r h¡, Omo Hw$N> ^r h¡ dh emídV (dh{OgH$m ApñVËd gX¡d aho) Ho$ AÝXa h¡, Omo Hw$N> ^r H$mb(g_`) `m Xoe Ho$ AÝXa àH$Q> hmoVm h¡ `m Cg_| g_mVm h¡,

Cg g~H$m ApñVËd eãX Ho$ AÝXa hr h¡Ÿ&H$m © H$maU H$m ê$n h¡Ÿ& eãX g~H$m H$maU h¡, gånyU©

aMZm CgH$m H$m © h¡Ÿ& Omo Hw$N> H$maU _| Z hmo dh H$m ©_| Zht hmo gH$VmŸ& `{X gy © H$s {H$aU EH$ gmµ\$ ereo na{JaVr h¡ Vmo Cg_| gånyU© gy © {XImB© XoZo bJVm h¡Ÿ& `{Xh_mam _Z {~bHw$b ñdÀN> hmo Om o, CgHo$ AÝXa Ah§H$maboe ^r Z aho, Vmo CgHo$ AÝXa dh _m{bH$ PbH$ XoZobJoJmŸ& gy © H$s {H$aU gy © go {ZH$bVr h¡, dh Cggo {^ÝZZhtŸ& H$maU gX¡d H$m © Ho$ AÝXa ahVm h¡, Bgr àH$mana_mË_m Ho$ JwU Bg AmË_m go AbJ Zht hmoVoŸ&

gƒm eãX YwZmË_H$ h¡ Omo ~mobZo Am¡a {bIZo _| ZhtAm gH$VmŸ& `h h_mao AÝXa YwZH$ma| Xo ahm h¡Ÿ& `h dhrAm{X eãX h¡ {OgHo$ Ûmam gånyU© g¥{ï> ApñVËd _| AmB©Ÿ&g§gma Ho$ Xw…Im|-Šboem| Am¡a OÝ_-_aU Ho$ MŠH$a go Ny>Q>ZoH$m eãX Ho$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a H$moB© gmYZ Zht h¡Ÿ& `h g~gmYZm| go D±$Mm Am¡a n{dÌ gmYZ h¡, BgHo$ Aä`mg H$aZodmbo H$mo Am¡a g~ gmYZm| Ho$ bm^ àmá hmo OmVo h¢Ÿ& eãXH$s H$_mB© H$aZo dmbo {H$gr _hmË_m H$mo ImoOH$a CggoBgHo$ Aä`mg H$s w{º$ grImoŸ& BgHo$ Aä`mg go Vw_ _wº$hmo OmAmoJo, _m`m Ho$ ~ÝYZm| go ñdVÝÌ hmo OmAmoJoŸ& O~AÝXa H$s YaVr ñdÀN> hmo Om oJr Vmo eãX gwZmB© XoZo bJoJm,na `h nVm Zht {H$ `h H$hm± go Am ahm h¡Ÿ&

eåg V~aoµO gm{h~ Bgr Ho$ ~mao _| µ\$a_mVo h¢…Am_X {ZXmE ~oMy± Z AµO Xê±$ Z ~oê$,

Zo Mn Z amñV Zo ng Zo AµO ~am~a Am_XŸ&Z µO-nñVmo Zo µO ~mbm Zo µJa~r d Z eaµH$r,

Z µOo Am~ d ~mX d Am{Ve Z µOo ˜mHo$ A§~a Am_XŸ&JmoB© {H$ Am± Mh gwEñV-Am§ gy {H$ OwñVOyEñV,JmoB© Hw$Om Hw$Z_ ê$-Am± gy {H$ Am± eh Am_XŸ&Am± gy {H$ _mhr o IweH$ µOo Am~o {Õ qOXm,Am± gy {H$ XñVo _ygm My± _mho AZda Am_XŸ&Am± gy {H$ _odhm am nw™VJr agrX AñV,

Am± gy {H$ g§Jo ˜mam Am¡gmµ\o$ Jm¡ha Am_XŸ&H$mµ\$a ~dŠVo g™Vr ê$ AmdaX ~Xm± gy,Bª gy My XX© ~rZX-Am± gye nm XaAm_XŸ&XñVya ZoñV Om§am {H$ ~Jmo X Bª ~`m± am,

daZm µOo Hw$\«$ éñVo ha Om {H$ H$mµ\$a Am_XŸ&AWm©V², _wP _| {Zambm eãX Am ahm h¡, Z dh AÝXa

go Am ahm h¡ Z ~mha go, Z ~mBª Amoa go Z Xm`t Amoa go,Z nrN>o go Z ~am~a go, Z ZrMo go Am¡a Z D$na go, Z npíM_go Am¡a Z nyd© go Am¡a Z hr nmZr, hdm, AmJ, {_Q²>Q>r Am{Xnm±M VËdm| goŸ& Vw_ nyN>moJo {H$ {\$a `h H$hm± go Am ahm h¡?`h CYa go Am ahm h¡ {OYa Vy Vbme H$a ahm h¡Ÿ& Vy nyN>oJm{H$ {H$g Vaµ\$ _w±h H$ê±$? Cg Amoa {OYa go `h ~mXemhMbm Am ahm h¡, Cg Vaµ\$ {Og Vaµ\$ go IwíH$ _N>br nmZr

nmH$a Or{dV ahVr h¡, {OYa go _ygm H$mo Zya ZµOa Am`mh¡ Am¡a Ohm± go \$bm| H$mo nH$Zm Zgr~ hmoVm h¡, Cg AmoaOhm± go nËWam| H$mo bmb d hrao ~ZZo H$s gÎmm {_bVr h¡,Cg Vaµ\$ {Og Amoa {H$ H$m{µ\$a (ZmpñVH$) ^r _wgr~V Ho$g_` _w±h H$aVm h¡Ÿ& O~ `hm± Xw…I XoIVm h¡ V~ dhm± OmVmh¡Ÿ& Cg Va\$ Ho$ ~mao _| ~`mZ H$aZo H$m µH$m`Xm Zht, ZhtVmo H$m{µ\$a ^r Cgo gwZVo Vmo Hw$\«$ go Ny>Q> OmVoŸ&

`h eãX Cg Amoa go Am ahm h¡ {Og Amoa AmË_m H$moOmZm h¡Ÿ& BgHo$ ~µJ¡a gwaV A±Yoao _| ^Q>H$Vr ahVr h¡…

e~X {~Zm gwaV Am§Yar H$hmo H$hm§ H$mo OmBŸ&&XwAma Z nmE e~X H$m, {\$a {\$a ^Q>H$m ImBŸ&&

(H$~ra gm{h~)

g~ gÝVm|-_hmË_mAm| Zo _Zwî` Ho$ AÝVa _| gwZmB© XoZ|dmbo Bgr eãX H$mo _w{º$ H$m gmYZ _mZm h¡Ÿ& `h Cg g_`VH$ hmW _| Zht AmVm O~ VH$ {H$ {Okmgw {H$gr nyao_hmË_m go {ejm boH$a, AnZr gwaV H$mo Zm¡ Ûmam| go ItMH$a, XmoZm| ^m¢hm| (Am±Im|) Ho$ nrN>o H$s Amoa Zht bo AmVmŸ&`h eãX, gwaV H$mo AnZo {ZO-ñWmZ H$s Amoa bo OmVm h¡Ÿ&

eãX Ho$ Ûmam Ord EH$ Z`m OrdZ YmaU H$aVm h¡Ÿ&hµOaV B©gm _grh ^r eãX go EH$ Zd-OrdZ àm{á H$m dU©ZH$aVo aho, {OgH$mo AmO h_mao B©gmB©-~§Yw yb MwHo$ h¢Ÿ& BgrHo$ ~mao _| g|Q> Om°Z µ\$a_mVo h¢…

""dh Omo _m±g go n¡Xm hmoVm h¡ _m±g h¡ ({Og àH$maeara go eara n¡Xm hmoVm h¡) na `h _Zwî` H$s gwaV h¡ OmoeãX go (Z`m) OÝ_ boVr h¡Ÿ&'' (g|Q> Om°Z, 3)Ÿ&

AmJo OmH$a Bgr àH$aU _| eãX Ho$ gwZZo go Z o OÝ_H$s àm{á H$m ~‹S>m ñnï> dU©Z H$aVo h¢…

""dh hdm {OYa MmhVr h¡ CYa MbVr h¡ Am¡a Vy CgH$sAmdmµO H$mo gwZVm h¡, na Vy H$h Zht gH$Vm {H$ dh H$hm±go AmB© Am¡a H$hm± OmVr h¡Ÿ& Bgr àH$ma ha EH$ BÝgmZ H$mo{Ogo eãX Ho$ Ûmam Z`m OÝ_ {_bm h¡ (eãX gwZmB© XoVm h¡)Ÿ&''{\$a µ\$a_mVo h¢…

""_¢ gM-gM H$hVm hÿ± {H$ O~ VH$ _Zwî` {\$a go(Xw~mam) OÝ_ Zht boVm, dh na_mË_m H$s ~mXemhV H$mo ZhtXoI gH$VmŸ&''

""_oao H$hZo na AmíM © Z H$amo, Vwåh| µOê$a {\$a OÝ_boZm n‹S>oJmŸ&''

O~ H$^r ^r _hmË_m Am o do eãX Ho$ Ûmam Z`m OÝ_boZo H$m CnXoe XoVo ahoŸ& O~ gVJwé h_H$mo CnXoe XoVo g_èãX Ho$ gmW Omo‹S>Vo h¢, Cg g_` h_mam Z`m OÝ_ hmoVmh¡Ÿ& Bg {df` _| Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Zo "{gÕm| H$s Jmoï>' _|g§Ho$V {H$`m h¡…

g{VJwa H¡$ OZ_o JdZw {_Q>mBAmŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 940)

eãX h_H$mo _m`m Ho$ A±YH$ma Am¡a CgHo$ _¡bm| go{ZH$mb H$a EH$ ZdrZ AmpË_H$ OrdZ àXmZ H$aVm h¡Ÿ& eãXH$s H$_mB© Ho$ Ûmam H$m`m H$m Hy$µOm (K‹S>m) Ny>Q> OmVm h¡ Am¡aOrd {~Zm ZoÌm| Ho$ EH$ Abm¡¡{H$H$ OJV H$mo XoIVm h¡…

ndZ gyVw g w ZrH$m H$[aAm g{VJw[a g~Xw drMmaoŸ&&{ZO K[a OmB A§_¥V agw nrAm {~Zw Z¡Zm OJVw {ZhmaoŸ&&

(ZQ> _. 4, 983)

O~ VH$ eãX Z {_bo, h_ _m{bH$ H$s XaJmh _| Zhtnhþ±M gH$VoŸ&

eãX Ûmam Zm_-Aä`mg H$m g_èãX Ho$ Ûmam Zm_-Aä`mg Ho$ {b o g~go CÎm_ _whÿV©

à^mV H$m g_` h¡ O~ _Z H$s d¥{Îm`m± EH$mJ« hmoVr h¢…ZmC à^mV¡ g~{X {YAmB©Eo N>moS>hþ XwZr narVmŸ&&

àUd{V ZmZH$ Xmg{Z Xmgm O{J hm[aAm {V{Z OrVmŸ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1330)

eãX H$s H$_mB© Ho$ \$beãX H$s H$_mB© Ho$ AZoH$ \$b h¢Ÿ& eãX e{º$ H$m

^ÊS>ma h¡, `h ~w{Õ H$m ^r gaXma (AŠbo-Hw$b) h¡Ÿ& OmoBggo Ow‹S>Vo h¢ Am¡a Omo BgH$m AmYma aIVo h¢ do _m{bH$Ho$ gƒo nwÌ h¢Ÿ& `h eãX AmË_m Ho$ g_ñV ~±YZm| H$moH$mQ>H$a CgH$mo _wº$ H$aZo dmbm h¡Ÿ& `h "{µOÝXJr H$s amoQ>r'h¡ Omo gMIÊS> go CVaVr h¡Ÿ& Omo Cgo ImVo h¢ do A_a hmoOmVo h¢ VWm AQ>b nX H$mo àmá hmoVo h¢Ÿ& Omo eãX H$m Aä`mgH$aVo h¢ CZH$mo {H$gr ~mhar amoeZr, b¡ån, gy ©, MÝÐ Am{XH$s Amdí`H$Vm Zht, Š`m|{H$ CZHo$ AÝXa àH$mem| H$màH$me àH$Q> hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&

1. _Z de _| AmVm h¡ VWm H$m_-H«$moYm{X go Nw>Q>H$mam hmoVm h¡_Z H$amo‹S>m| `ËZm| go de _| Zht AmVm, BgH$mo µH$m~y

H$aZm AË`ÝV H${R>Z h¡Ÿ& ~mhar gmYZm|, On-Vn, H$_©-Y_©,em¡M-g§ _, VrW©-d«V, XmZ-nwÊ` Am{X {H$gr Ho$ Ûmam `hde _| Zht Am gH$VmŸ& BgH$mo OrVZm A{V H${R>Z h¡ (XoI|"_Z' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ& d{eï> Or lr am_MÝÐ Or go µ\$a_mVo h¢,""`{X H$moB© H$ho {H$ CgZo {h_mb` nd©V H$mo CR>m {b`m h¡,`Ú{n `h Agå^d h¡, na _¢ nb-â Ho$ {b o _mZ by±Jm{H$ CgZo `h H$a {b`m hmoJm; `{X H$moB© ì`{º$ H$ho {H$CgZo gmao g_wÐ H$m nmZr nr {b`m h¡, Mmho `h Agå^dhmo {\$a ^r {dídmg H$a by±Jm, na `{X H$moB© H$ho {H$ CgZo_Z H$mo de _| H$a {b`m h¡ Vmo _¢ CgH$m {dídmg Zht H$agH$VmŸ&''

eãX 143


eãX H$mo gwZZo go OÝ_mo-OÝ_m| Ho$ X~o hþE g§ñH$mam| H$sVh| Eogo ^ñ_ hmo OmVr h¢ {Og àH$ma A{¾ H$s EH$ qMJmarKmg Ho$ T>oam| Ho$ T>oa H$mo Obm H$a amI H$a XoVr h¡Ÿ& {OgàH$ma _¥J _¥X§J H$s Üd{Z H$mo gwZH$a _ñV hmo OmVm h¡, {OgàH$ma nV§Jo bm¡ H$mo XoIH$a Ob OmVo h¢, Cgr àH$ma OrdAmÝV[aH$ eãX Ho$ AmpË_H$ amJ H$mo gwZH$a AmZÝX-{d^moahmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&

_Z bµÁOV H$m Am{eµH$ h¡ (ñdmXm| H$mo MmhZo dmbm h¡),dh AmÝV[aH$ eãX Ho$ ag H$mo nmH$a ^Q>H$Zm N>mo‹S> XoVm h¡Ÿ&""_Z _ygm qnJb ^`m nr nmam h[a Zm_Ÿ&'' _Z H$mo R>hamZoAWdm pñWa H$aZo Ho$ {b o eãX H$s YwZ gwZZo Ho$ A{V[aº$Am¡a H$moB© Cnm` Zht…

{~Zw Jwa g~X¡ _Zw Zhr R>CamŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 415)

_ZyAm Ag{Wé g~Xo amVm Ehm H$aUr gmarŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 908)

eãX H$s H$_mB© Ûmam _Z H$s Va§J| CR>Zm ~ÝX hmo OmVr h¢…_Z Ho$ Va§J g~{X {Zdmao agZm gh{O gw mB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1233)

eãX H$s àm{á Ho$ ~µJ¡a _Z H$^r AmH$mem| Am¡a H$^rnmVmbm| _| Xm¡‹S>Vm {\$aVm h¡…

Bhþ _ZyAm {IZw D${^ nBAmbr O~ b{J g~X Z OmZoŸ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1345)

eãX Ho$ ldU go gmao gm§gm[aH$ ~ÝYZ Am¡a ~mharAmH$f©U Xya hmo OmVo h¢, _Z ZrM J{V`m| H$mo Ë`mJ XoVm h¡,Am¡a _Zwî` H$m_, H«$moY, _moh, bmo Am¡a Ah§H$ma ê$nr nm±MeÌwAm| H$mo OrV boVm h¡Ÿ& O~ gwaV BZgo _wº$ hmo OmVr h¡,V~ dh AmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| na C‹S>mZ| âVr h¢…

¡ {Za^C h[a AQ>bw _{Z g~{X Jwa ZoOm J{S>AmoŸ&&H$m_ H«$moY bmo _moh AnVw n§M XyV {~I§{S>AmoŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 3, 1396)Jwa H¡$ g~{X AamYrEo Zm{_ a§{J ~¡amJwŸ&&

OrVo n§M ~¡amB©Am ZmZH$ g\$b _mê$ Bhþ amJwŸ&&(gbmoH$ _. 5, 1425)

{\$a dh H$~ra gm{h~ Ho$ H$WZ Ho$ AZwgma _m{bH$go "{bd' (bJZ) bJm boVm h¡…

nm§MC b[aH$m Om[a H¡$ ah¡ am_ {bd bm{JŸ&&(gbmoH$ H$~ra, 1366)

2. eãX Ah§H$ma ê$nr amoJ H$s Am¡f{Y h¡gmao g§gma H$mo Ah§H$ma H$m amoJ bJm hþAm h¡, dh {~Zm

eãX Ho$ Xya Zht hmo gH$Vm…hC_¡ amoJr OJVw CnmBAm {~Zw g~X¡ amoJ Z OmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1130)

Ah§H$ma AgmÜ` amoJ h¡, BgH$m CnMma ^r _m{bH$ Zo_Zwî` Ho$ AÝXa hr aIm hþAm h¡Ÿ& `{X _m{bH$ AnZr H¥$nmH$ao V~ hr `h Jwé Ho$ eãX H$s H$_mB© H$aHo$ hm¢_¢ H$mo Zï>H$a gH$Vm h¡…

hC_¡ XraK amoJw h¡ Xmê$ ^r Bgw _m{hŸ&&{H$anm H$ao Oo AnZr Vm Jwa H$m g~Xw H$_m{hŸ&&

(Amgm dma _, 2, 466)

Jwa H¡$ g~{X hC_¡ {~Iw _maoŸ&&(^¡aC _. 3, 1133)

ZmZH$ hC_¡ g~{X ObmBAmŸ&&(~g§V _. 1, 1189)

eåg V~aoµO gm{h~ ^r Ah§H$ma go Nw>Q>H$mao H$m gmYZeãX hr ~VbmVo h¢…AJa CµâVX ~JmoeV gm¡Vo Am± H$m¡g,µO {H$~« d AµO hgX m~X ahmB©Ÿ&&g_mE BíµHo$ Amo ZmJmh Am`X, Vwam ~ahmZX AµO OmZo hdmB©Ÿ&&

AW©… O~ eãX Ho$ ZJm‹S>o H$s AmdmµO Voao H$mZm| _| nhþ±MoJrVmo Voam Ah§-^md Am¡a Voar B©î`m© Xya hmo Om oJrŸ& O~ eãXH$s Üd{Z AZm`mg AmZo bJVr h¡ Vmo dh dmgZmAm| Am¡aV¥îUmAm| H$mo Xya H$a XoVr h¡Ÿ&

3. gwI Am¡a empÝV H$s àm{ágånyU© g§gma gwI Am¡a empÝV H$s Vbme _| _mam-_mam

{\$a ahm h¡Ÿ& emar[aH$ Am¡a ~mhar gwI jU- §Jwa Am¡an[adV©Zerb h¢Ÿ& BpÝÐ`m| Hoo$ KmQ> na Omo gwI àVrV hmoVo h¢,do h_mao AnZo hr _Z H$s d¥{Îm`m| Ho$ CZHo$ gmW Ow‹S> OmZoHo$ \$bñdê$n h¢Ÿ& dh gwI h_mam AnZm hr h¡ Omo EH$mJ«Vm(_Z H$s d¥{Îm`m± H$s j{UH$ EH$mJ«Vm) Ho$ H$maU àVrV hmoVmh¡; {Og àH$ma Hw$Îmm hS²>S>r H$mo M~mVm h¡ {Oggo CgHo$ _w±hgo IyZ ~hVm h¡, dh Cgo nr-nr H$a _ñV hmoVm h¡ Am¡ag_PVm h¡ {H$ `h gwI hS²>S>r _| h¡Ÿ&

AmË_m MoVZ h¡, Cgo AMoVZ O‹S> nXmWm] go gwI H$hm± !Cgo Vmo Ho$db _hm MoVZ Ho$ gmW Ow‹S>Zo go gƒm gwI {_bgHo$JmŸ& Jwé H$m eãX _hm MoVZ H$s Ymam h¡, {OgHo$ gmW O~^r gwaV ñne© H$aVr h¡ V~ gƒo gwI H$m AZw^d H$aVr h¡…Jwa H¡$ g~{X gwIw gm§{V garaŸ& Jwa_w{I Vm H$C bJ¡ Z nraŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 361)

eãX Ho$ AÝXa erVbVm h¡ {Oggo VZ Am¡a _Z XmoZm|AË`ÝV emÝV hmo OmVo h¢…A§V[a AJ{Z g~b A{V {~{IAm {hd grVbw g~Xw Jwa XrO¡Ÿ&&

V{Z _{Z gm±{V hmoB A{YH$mB© amoJw H$mQ>¡ gy{I gdrO¡Ÿ&&(H${bAmU _. 4, 1326)

_mZm| erVbVm Ho$ g_wÐ H$mo nm boVo h¢…gmJé grVbw Jwa g~X drMm[aŸ&& _maJw _wH$Vm hC_¡ _m[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)

O~ gwaV eãX H$mo J«hU H$aVr h¡, dh gwI àmá H$aVrh¡ Am¡a à w _| g_m H$a AmZpÝXV hmoVr h¡…

g~X gwa{V gwIw D$nO¡ à^ amVC gwI gméŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 62)

eãX Ho$ Aä`mg go emídV `m AQ>b AmZÝX àmá hmoVmh¡ Omo H$^r {_Q>Vm Zht…

gXm AZ§{X ah¡ {XZw amVr EH$ g~{X {bd bmB©Ÿ&&(_bma _. 4, 1265)

_hm AZ§Xw Jwa g~Xw drMm[aŸ&&{àA {gC amVr YZ gmohmJ{U Zm[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 370)

4. eãX H$s H$_mB© Ho$ Am¡a AZoH$ \$b JwédmUr _| ~Vm o J o h¢V¥îUm, Amem, _Zgm Am¡a _moh-_m`m H$m Zme hmoVm h¡…

{ÌgZm AJ{Z g~{X ~wPmEŸ&& XyOm â_w gh{O gw mEŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 1, 222)

Amgm _Zgm g~{X ObmEŸ&& am_ ZamBUw H$h¡ H$hmEŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 413)

_mBAm _mohþ g~{X ObmEŸ&& _Zw VZw h[aAm g{VJwa ^mEŸ&&(~g§V _. 3, 1173)

eãX {_b OmZo na _Zwî` H$^r AHo$bm Zht ahVm, Ka`m ~mha H$ht ^r hmo, CgHo$ gmW CgH$m _m{bH$ YwZH$ma|XoVm hþAm gXm A§J-g§J ahVm h¡Ÿ& Am¡a CgH$mo AnZo {ZO-ñWmZ H$s Amoa ~wbmVm ahVm h¡Ÿ& eãX Ho$ Aä`mg Ûmam g~amoJ, AdJwU Am¡a nmn Xya hmo OmVo h¢; H$m_ H«$moY Am{X H$sXmb Zht JbVr; Ord A{V {Z_©b nyU© ~¡amJr hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&eãX OÝ_-_aU H$m ghmam h¡, Bggo _m¡V H$m S>a {_Q> OmVmh¡Ÿ& _m¡V Ho$ g_` Aä`mgr eara H$mo Bg àH$ma N>mo‹S> XoVmh¡ {Og àH$ma dh nwamZm H$n‹S>m CVmaVo h¢Ÿ& eãX Ho$ Ûmam_a H$a Ord Xw~mam OÝ_-_aU Ho$ MŠH$a _| Zht AmVm,H$mb H$m Šboe Am¡a `_ H$m ^` Xya hmo OmVm h¡, AÝV_w©I{dH$Q> _mJm] H$s H${R>ZmB`m± gab hmo OmVr h¢, H$amo‹S>m| H$_m]H$m Zme hmoVm h¡ Am¡a Ord ^dgmJa go nma hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&

eãX H$s H$_mB© Ûmam AÝVa _| àH$me hmoVm h¡ Am¡aöX`-H$_b H$m {dH$mg hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Ord AnZo AmnH$monhMmZVm h¡ Am¡a Or{dV-_¥VH$ H$s AdñWm H$mo àmá hmoVmh¡; VrZm| JwUm| Am¡a H$mb H$s gr_m go nma hmo OmVm h¡, ghOAWdm gwÝZ-g_m{Y bJVr h¡ Am¡a Xgdm± Ûma IwbVm h¡,_m{bH$ Ho$ Xa H$s {ZemZr {_bVr h¡, h[a H$m a§J M‹T>Vmh¡ Am¡a gƒr ^{º$ VWm h[a-ag H$s CËn{Îm hmoVr h¡, à wH$s XaJmh _| _mZ H$s àm{á, _w{º$ Am¡a na_-nX H$m bm^,{ZO Ka dmgm Am¡a gM _| VÝ_`Vm hmo OmVr h¡, h[a H$sàm{á hmoVr h¡ Am¡a Ord bmoH$-nabmoH$ _| "gwhobm' (gwIr)hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&

eãX-{dhrZ bmoJm| H$s J{V A{V XwIXm`r hmoVr h¡Ÿ& doMm¡amgr Ho$ MŠH$a _| {\$aVo ahVo h¢, «_m| _| CbPo hþ o, ha_m¡V Ho$ ~mX `_ H$m XÊS> ghVo ahVo h¢, CZH$s »dmar(~~m©Xr) Am¡a _mohVmOr gX¡d ~Zr ahVr h¡Ÿ&

ha EH$ Ho$ AÝXa `h eãX H$m gamoda {hbmoa| _ma ahmh¡Ÿ& Omo Bg_| go A_¥V nr boVm h¡ CgH$mo {\$a H$^r ß`mg ZhtgVmVr VWm CgH$mo AZÝV AmpË_H$ OrdZ àmá hmoVm h¡Ÿ& `hrê$hm{Z`V H$m nmZr Wm {Ogo hµOaV _grh Zo gmBH$a Ho$ Hw$E±go {H$gr ór H$mo |Q> {H$`m Wm Vm{H$ Cgo nrH$a CgH$s g~ß`mg {_Q> Om oŸ& BgH$m {µOÝXJr H$s amoQ>r H$hH$a ^r dU©Z{H$`m J`m h¡, {Ogo ImZo go H$moB© yI Zht ahVrŸ& `h EH$Eogr Am¡f{Y h¡ Omo g~ amoJm| H$m EH$ hr CnMma h¡…

ga~ amoJ H$m ACIXw Zm_wŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 274)

BZ {df`m| na JwédmUr Ho$ AZoH$ à_mU AmJo {dñVma-g{hV {X o J o h¢Ÿ& nmR>H$-OZ Bg na Ü`mZnyd©H$ {dMma H$a|,eãX H$s ImoO _| àd¥Îm hmoH$a eãX Ho$ Aä`mg Ho$ gm¡ m½`nyU©Adga H$mo àmá H$aZo H$m `ËZ H$a| Am¡a CZ AZoH$ \$bm|Ho$ ^mJr ~Z| {OZH$m D$na dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& JwédmUrH$hVr h¡ {H$ `{X h_Zo eãX H$s ImoO Zht H$s, `{X h_marAmÝV[aH$ Am±I| Zht Iwbt Am¡a `{X h_Zo AmÝV[aH$ H$mZm|Ûmam _m{bH$ H$s gƒr dmUr `m eãX H$mo Zht gwZm VmoXw{Z`m _| h_mao _Zwî`-OÝ_ nmZo H$m Š`m bm^ h¡?

eãX1. eãX Š`m h¡?

1. eãX Hw$b H$m _m{bH$ h¡, dh gmar g¥{ï> H$mo {bò I‹S>m h¡Amno H$dbm H§$Vw Am{nŸ&& Amno amdo g~{X Wm{nŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1190)

nwaIw gwOmZw Vy± naYmZw VwYw OodSw> Adé Z H$moB©Ÿ&&Voam g~Xw g w Vy± h¡ daV{h Vy± Amno H$a{h gw hmoB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 448)

A§V[a Xo{I g~{X gZw _m{ZAm Adé Z am§JZhmamŸ&&A{h{Z{g OrAm Xo{I g_mbo {Vghr H$s gaH$mamŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1331)

h[a OrC doI¡ gX hOy[aŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X a{hAm âny[aŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 3, 1173)

EH$mo g~Xw EH$mo à w daV¡ g^ EH$gw Vo CVn{V Mb¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I _o{b {_bmE Jwa_w{I h[a h[a OmB ab¡Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)H$aVm g w H$mo Voa¡ Omo[aŸ&&EHw$ g~Xw ~rMmarEo Om Vy Vm {H$Am hmo[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 17)

eãX 145


VwYw Amno {gg{Q> {gaOrAm Amno \w${Z JmoB©Ÿ&&g w BH$mo g~Xw daVXm Omo H$ao gw hmoB©Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 653)_oam h[a à w AJ_w AJmoMé h¡ H$s_{V H$hUw Z OmBŸ&&Jwa nagmXr ~wPrEo ~gXo H$ma H$_mBŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1258)Mhþ {X{g hþH$_w daV¡ à^ Voam Mhþ {X{g Zm_ nVmb§Ÿ&&g^ _{h g~Xw daV¡ à^ gmMm H$a{_ {_b¡ ~¡Am§bŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)AmnrÝh¡ Amnw gm{O Amnw nN>m{UAmŸ&&A§~é Ya{V {dN>mo{‹S> M§XmoAm Vm{UAmŸ&&{dUw W§åhm JJ_w ahmB g~Xw Zrgm{UAmgyaOw M§Xw CnmB Omo{V g_m{UAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1279)YmdVw W§påhAm g{VJw[a {_{bEo Xgdm XwAmé nmBAmŸ&&{VW¡ A§_¥V ^moOZw ghO Yw{Z CnO¡ {OVw g~{X OJVw W§påh ahmBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 441)

2. eãX CËn{Îm Am¡a àb` H$aZo dmbm h¡CVn{V nabC g~Xo hmod¡Ÿ&& g~Xo hr {\$[a Amon{V hmod¡Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I daV¡ g w Amno gMm Jwa_w{I CnmB g_md{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 117)

3. eãX gM h¡Amno _o{b bE AH$Ww H$WrEo gMw g~Xw gMw ~mUrŸ&&ZmZH$ gmMo g{M g_mUo h[a H$m Zm_w dImUrŸ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1233)gMw VraWw gMw BgZmZw Aé moOZw mC gMw gXm gMw mI§Vw gmoh¡Ÿ&&gMw nmBAmo Jwa g~{X gMw Zm_w g§JVr ~moh¡Ÿ&&

(gdB©E _. 2, 1392)g^mo daV¡ gMw gM¡ g~{X {Zhm{bAmŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ nya¡ Jw[a XoIm{bAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 5, 1284)gMw ~mUr gMw g~Xw h¡ Om g{M Yao {nAméŸ&&h[a H$m Zm_w _{Z dg¡ hC_¡ H«$moYw {Zdm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)gMw H$aUr g~Xw h¡ gméŸ&& nya¡ Jw[a nmB©Eo _moIXwAméŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 114)EH$mo g~Xw gMm ZrgmUwŸ&& nyao Jwa Vo OmU¡ OmUwŸ&&

(~g§V _, 1, 1188)

gwUr gOU Or _¡S>‹S>o _rVm am_Ÿ&& Jw[a_§Ìw g~Xw gMw XrVm am_Ÿ&&(dS>h§gw _. 5, 576)

4. eãX gƒm h¡Jwa Ho$ MaZ _Z _{h {YAmBŸ&&N>mo{S> gJb {gAmUnm gm{M g~{X {bdbmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 51)

Jmoq~X Ôhþ _oao gXm _rVŸ&& gmM g~X H$[a gXm àrVŸ&&(~g§V _, 3, 1192)

^mB ao Jwa_{V gm{M ahmCŸ&& gmMmo gmMw H$_mdUm gmM¡ g~{X {_bmCŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 30)

gMm g~Xw gMr h¡ dmUrŸ&& Jwa_w{I Ow{J Ow{J Am{I dImUrŸ&&(Amgm _. 3, 424)

_wI gMo gMw Xm‹S>rAm gMw ~mob{h gMw H$_m{hŸ&&gMm g~Xw _{Z d{gAm g{VJwa _m§{h g_m§{hŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1419)Omo Voar gaUmB© h[a OrC {VZm XyI yI {H$Nw> Zm{hŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w gbm{h gXm Vy gM¡ g~{X g_m{hŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)~m~rhm Vy§ gh{O ~mo{b gM¡ g~{X gw mBŸ&&g~ {H$Nw> Voa¡ Zm{b h¡ g{VJw[a XrAm {XImBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1419)gM¡ g~{X gMw H$_md¡Ÿ&& gMr ~mUr h[aJwU Jmd¡Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

5. eãX Mmam| `wJm| _| h¡g~{X gya OwJ Mmao ACYy dmUr ^J{V drMmarŸ&&Ehþ _Z _mBAm _mo{hAm ACYy {ZH$g¡ g~{X drMmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908)

6. eãX A_¥V h¡{~Zw g~Xo g w OJw ~CamZm {~aWm OZ_w JdmBAmŸ&&A§_¥Vw EH$mo g~Xw h¡ ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I nmBAmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

JwU H$m JmhHw$ hmod¡ gmo JwU OmU¡Ÿ&& A§_¥Vw g~{X Zm_w dImU¡Ÿ&&(Amgm _. 3, 361)

Jwa H$m g~Xw A§{_«Vw h¡ {OVw nrV¡ {VI OmBŸ&&Bhþ _Zw gmMm g{M aVm gMo a{hAm g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)

7. eãX gma nXmW© h¡gMw H$aUr g~Xw h¡ gméŸ&& nya¡ Jw[a nmB©Eo _moIXwAméŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 114)

^C ImUm nrUm gwIw gméŸ&& h[a OZ g§J{V nmd¡ nméŸ&&gMw ~mob¡ ~mobmd¡ {nAméŸ&& Jwa H$m g~Xw H$aUr h¡ gméŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1344)

g~Xw drMmar H$aUr gmar am_ Zm_w ZrgmUmoŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm ImoQ>o Zhr R>mha Zm_w aVZw nadmUmoŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 765)

Bgw OJ _{h g~Xw H$aUr h¡ gméŸ&& {~Zw g~X¡ hmoé _mohþ Jw~méŸ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

Y¥§_ Yré Jwa_{V J^ré na XwI {~gmaUwŸ&&g~X gmé h[a g_ CXmé Ah§_od {ZdmaUwŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1407)

Jwa_w{I g~Xw A§_¥Vw h¡ gméŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I nmd¡ nméŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 932)

Ì¡JwU _oQ>o ImB©Eo gméŸ&& ZmZH$ Vmao VmaUhméŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 940)

OJw H$a‹S>m _Z_wIw JmdméŸ&& g~Xw H$_mB©Eo ImB©Eo gméŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 943)

ê$n Z ao{IAm Om{V Z hmoVr VC AHw$br{U VhVC g~Xw gw gméŸ&&JCZw JJZw O~ V~{h Z hmoVC {Ì^dU Omo{V Amno {Za§H$méŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 945)

8. eãX hþŠ_ Am¡a Zm_ h¡ghO ^mB nmBAm h[a Zm_wŸ&& D$V_w D$Mm g~X H$m_wŸ&&ZmZHw$ dImU¡ gmMw Zm_wŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1176)Jwa H$m g~Xw Xmê$ ZmCŸ&& {OC Vy amI{h {Vd¡ ahmCŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1189)h[a H$m ^mUm _§Z{h go OZ nadmUwŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X Zm_ ZrgmUwŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1129)hþH$_w _§Zo Omo OZ nadmUwŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X Zm{_ ZrgmUwŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1175)9. eãX _hmag h¡hC Ordm§ gXm h[a Ho$ JwU JmB©Ÿ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw _hm agw _rR>m h[a H¡$ Zm{_ _wH${V J{V nmB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1262)Jwa H$m g~Xw _hm agw _rR>mŸ&& Eogm A§_¥Vw A§V[a S>rR>mŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1331)

10. eãX CÎm_ h¡D$V_ D$Mm g~X H$m_wŸ&& ZmZHw$ dImU¡ gmMw Zm_wŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1176)

11. eãX AWmh h¡ào_ ^J{V nadmh àr{V nw~br Z hþQ>BŸ&&g{VJwa g~Xw AWmhþ A{_A Ymam agw JwQ>BŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1397){Za_b Zm_w gwYm nanyaZ g~X Va§J àJ{Q>V {XZ AmJéŸ&&Jhra J§ ré AWmh A{V dS> gw é gXm {~{Y aVZmJéŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1404)

12. eãX H$m ÊS>ma AZÝV Am¡a Anma h¡, dhm± H$mb H$s J{V Zht{VMé _y{b Z Ww‹S>tXmo {OMé Am{n H¥$nmbwŸ&&g~Xw AIwQw> ~m~m ZmZH$m Im{h Ia{M YZw _mbwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 5, 1426)

A{h{Z{g {haX¡ a{d ah¡ {Za^C Zm_w {Za§H$maŸ&&ZmZH$ Am{n {_bmBAZw nya¡ g~{X AnmaŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)Vy§ h¡ gmOZw Vy§ gwOmUw Vy§ Amno _obUhméŸ&&Jwa g~Xr gmbmhrEo A§Vw Z nmamdméŸ&&{VW¡ H$mbw Z An‹S>¡ {OW¡ Jwa H$m g~Xw AnméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 55)

13. eãX Ho$ AÝXa YwZ h¡gmM¡ g~{X ghO Yw{Z CnO¡ _{Z gmM¡ {bd bmB©Ÿ&&AJ_ AJmoMé Zm_w {Za§OZw Jwa_w{I _§{Z dgmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234)YmdVw W§påhAm g{VJw[a {_{bEo Xgdm XwAmé nmBAmŸ&&{VW¡ A§_¥V moOZw ghO Yw{Z CnO¡ {OVw g~{X OJVw W§påh ahmBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 441)Jwa {_{b ^CObw b§KrEo XaJh n{V nadmUwŸ&&ZmZH$ Vo _wI CObo Yw{Z CnO¡ g~Xw ZrgmUwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 22)

2. eãX H$hm± h¡?

1. eãX gd©-ì`mnH$ h¡E _Z _V OmU{h h[a Xy[a h¡ gXm doIw hXy[aŸ&&gX gwUXm gX doIXm g~{X a{hAm âny[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 429)Mhþ {X{g hþH$_w daV¡ à^ Voam Mhþ {X{g Zm_ nVmb§Ÿ&&g^ _{h g~Xw daV¡ à^ gmMm H$a{_ {_b¡ ~¡Amb§Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)OmoJ g~X§ {JAmZ g~X§ ~oX g~X§ V ~«mh_UhŸ&&»`Ìr g~X§ gya g~X§ gyÐ g~X§ namH¥$VhŸ&&ga~ g~X§ V EH$ g~X§ Oo H$mo OmZ{g oCŸ&&ZmZH$ VmH$mo Xmgw h¡ gmoB© {Za§OZ XoCŸ&&

(ghgH¥$Vr _. 1, 1353)h[a OC doI¡ gX hOy[aŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X a{hAm âny[aŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1173)Oh H$h Vh ânyé g~Xw Xrn{H$ Xrnm`CŸ&&{Oh {gIh g§J«{hAmo VVw h[a MaU {_bm`CŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 3, 1395){Vgw OZ H$s h¡ gmMr ~mUrŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X OJ _m{h g_mUrŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1174)

2. eãX h_mao AÝXa h¡_§X[a _oa¡ g~{X COmamŸ&& AZX {~ZmoXr Ig_w h_mamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 384)^mJRw> gMm gmoB h¡ {Ogw h[a YZw A§V[aŸ&&gmo Ny>Q>¡ _hm Omb Vo {Ogw Jwa g~Xw {Za§V[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 396)A§V[a Xo{I g~{X _Zw _m{ZAm Adé Z am§JZhmamŸ&&A{h{Z{g OrAm Xo{I g_mbo {Vg hr H$s gaH$mamŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1331)H$mBAm gmo{Y Va¡ ^dgmJé AmV_ VVw drMmarŸ&&Jwa godm Vo gXm gwIw nmBAm A§V[a g~Xw a{dAm JwUH$marŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908)gw g~Xw {Za§V[a {ZO K[a AmN>¡ {Ì^dU Omo{V gw g~{X bh¡Ÿ&&Imd¡ XyI yI gmMo H$s gmMo hr V¥nVm{g ah¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 945)

eãX 147


{OZ A§V[a g~Xw Amnw nN>mU{h J{V {_{V {VZ hr nmB©Ÿ&&Ehþ _ZyAm gw§Z g_m{Y bJmd¡ OmoVr Omo{V {_bmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)_hm AZ§X _§Jb ê$n Vw_ao ~MZ AZyn agmbŸ&&{haX¡ MaU g~Xw g{VJwa H$mo ZmZH$ ~m±{YAmo nmbŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 5, 680)_Z ao gXm Ôhþ h[a gaUmB©Ÿ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw A§V[a dg¡ Vm h[a {dg[a Z OmB©Ÿ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 31)am_ Zm_w O{n A§V[a nyOmŸ&& Jwa g~Xw drMm[a Adé Zhr XyOmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1345)gmOZ _{Z AmZ§Xw h¡ Jwa H$m g~Xw drMmaŸ&&A§V[a g~Xw dgmBAm XwIw H${Q>Am MmZUw H$sAm H$aVm[aŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 549)MbVm¡ Mb¡ Mb¡ Xh Xh{X{g Jwé amI¡ h[a {bd bmd¡JmoŸ&&g{VJwa g~Xw XoB [aX A§V[a _w{I A§_¥V Zm_w MwAmd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1310)gw g~X H$m H$hm dmgw H$WrAbo {OVw VarEo ^dObw g§gmamoŸ&&Ì¡ gV A§Jwb dmB© H$hrEo {Vgw H$hþ H$dZw AYmamoŸ&&gw g~X H$C {Za§V[a dmgw AbI§ Oh XoIm Vh gmoB©Ÿ&&ndZ H$m dmgm gw§Z {Zdmgm AH$b H$bm Ya gmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)H$mBAm aZJar g~Xo ImoOo Zm_w Zd§{Z{Y nmB©Ÿ&&_Zgm _m[a _Zw gh{O g_mUm {~Zw agZm CgV{V H$amB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)Zm_w OnV hmoAm naJmgwŸ&& Jwa g~Xo H$sZm [aX¡ {ZdmgwŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 5, 1340)

3. B‹S>m, {nJ§bm, gwfwåZm Ho$ D$na eãX gwZmB© XoVm h¡gwI_Zm B‹S>m qnJwbm ~yP¡ Om Amno AbIw bImEŸ&&ZmZH$ {Vhþ Vo D$n[a gmMm g{VJwa g~{X g_mEŸ&&

(am_H$br _, 1, 944)

3. H${b wJ _| eãX H$m H$sV©Z hr ^{º$ h¡H${b H$sa{V g~Xw nN>mZwŸ&& Ehm ^J{V MyH¡$ A{^_mZwŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 424)

4. eãX {H$g àH$ma àmá hmoVm h¡?

1. eãX _m{bH$ H$s X`m go àmá hmoVm h¡g~{X {_b¡ gmo {_{b ah¡ {Og ZC Amno bE {_bmEŸ&&XyO¡ ^mB H$mo Zm {_b¡ {\$[a {\$[a Amd¡ OmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _, 3, 2727)Yy[a Amno {OZm Zmo ~I{gAmoZw ^mB© g~Xo bBAZw {_bmBŸ&&Yy{‹S> {VZm H$s AKwbrEo ^mB© gVg§J{V _o{b {_bmBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1177){Og{h ~wPmE gmoB© ~yP¡ {Og Zmo Amno bE {_bmBŸ&&AZ{XZw ~mUr g~Xo Jm§do gm{M ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)

OoVm AmIUw gmhr g~Xr ^m{IAm ^mB gw mB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ~hþVm Ehmo AmIUw g^ Voar d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1242)O{n h[a h[a g~{X OnrgŸ&& h[a hmo hmo {H$anrgŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1296)Amno gMm ~I{g bE H$[a {H$anm H$a¡ aOmBŸ&&h[a JwU Jmdhþ H$m_Ur gM¡ g~{X g_mBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1420)ZX[a H$ao g~Xw KQ> _{h dg¡ {dMhþ â_w JdmEŸ&&VZw _Zw {Za_bw {Za_b ~mUr Zm_w _§{Z dgmEŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)Mhþ {X{g hþH$_w daV¡ à^ Voam Mhþ {X{g Zm_ nVmb§Ÿ&&g^ _{h g~Xw daV¡ à^ gmMm H$a{_ {_b¡ ~¡Amb§Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)K‹S>rEo g~Xw gMr Q>H$gmbŸ&& {OZ H$C ZX[a H$a_w {VZ H$maŸ&&ZmZH$ ZXar ZX[a {ZhmbŸ&&

(OnwOr, 8)

2. gËg§J Am¡a gVJwé Ho$ Ûmam eäX H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡^mB© ao h[a hram Jwa _m{hŸ&&gVg§J{V gVJwé nmB©Eo A{h{Z{g g~{X gbm{hŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 22)h[a OrC gmMm gmMr ZmB©Ÿ&& JwanagmXr {H$g¡ {_bmB©Ÿ&&

(_mP _. 3, 123)EH$mo g~Xw gMm ZrgmUwŸ&& nya¡ Jwa V¡ OmU¡ OmUwŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1188)g{VJwa ~mUr g~Xw gwUmEŸ&& Bhþ OJw h[aAm g{VJwa ^mEŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1177)nya¡ g{VJw[a g~Xw gwUmBAmŸ&& Ì¡ JwU _oQ>o MCW¡ {MVw bmBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 231)_wBAm {OVw K[a OmB©Eo {VVw Ord{XAm _é _m[aŸ&&AZhX g~{X gwhmdU¡ nmB©Eo Jwa drMm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 21)~m~rhm Vy§ gh{O ~mo{b gM¡ g~{X gw mBŸ&&g w {H$Nw> Voa¡ Zm{b h¡ g{VJw[a XrAm {XImBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1419)^mB© ao Jwa_{V gm{M ahmCŸ&&gmMmo gmMw H$_mdUm gmM¡ g~{X {_bmCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 30)g{VJwé XmVm g~Xw gwUmEŸ&& YmdVw amI¡ R>m{H$ ahmEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 232)Ehþ gmo{hbm g~Xw gwhmdmŸ&&g~Xmo gwhmdm gXm gmo{hbm g{VJwê$ gwUmBAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 919)YZ dm§T>r {né Xog {Zdmgr gMo Jwa n{h g~Xw nR>mBªŸ&&JwU g§J«{h à w [aX¡ {Zdmgr ^J{V aVr haImB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1273)

Jwa _{h Amnw g_moB g~Xw daVmBAmŸ&&gMo hr nVrAmB g{M g_mBAmŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1279)Jwê$ Jwê$ Jwé H$é _Z _oaoŸ&&VmaU Va_ g_«Ww H$bOw{J gwZV g_m{Y g~X {Ogw Ho$aoŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1399)nyam g{VJwé Oo {_b¡ nmB©Eo g~Xw {ZYmZwŸ&&H$[a {H$anm à^ AmnUr OnrEo A§{_«V Zm_wŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 46)Amno gXo {T>b Z hmoBŸ&& g~{X _a¡ g{hbm Ord¡ gmoBŸ&&{~Zw Jwa gmoPr {H$g¡ Z hmoBŸ&& Amno H$a¡ H$amd¡ gmoBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1344)Jwa H¡$ g§{J ah¡ amVr am_w ag{Z a§{J amVmŸ&&Adé Z OmU{g g~Xw nN>mU{g A§V[a Om{U nN>mVmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1126)_Zgm _Z{h g_mB b¡ Jwa g~Xr drMmaŸ&&Jwa nyao Vo gmoPr nd¡ {\$[a _a¡ Z dmamodmaŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1132)A{~JV AJmoMé Ana né _{Z Jwa g~Xw dgmBACŸ&&Jwa am_Xmg H$ë wMa¡ V¡ OJV CYmaUw nmBACŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1397)namB© A_mU {H$C aIrEo {XVr hr gwIw hmoBŸ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw Jwa W¡ {Q>H¡$ hmoaW¡ naJQw> Z hmoBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1249)_Z _oao {IZw {IZw Zm_w gåhm{bŸ&&Jwa H$s Xm{V g~Xw gwIw A§V[a gXm {Z~h¡ Voa¡ Zm{bŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)MbVm¡ Mb¡ Mb¡ Xh Xh{X{g Jwé amI¡ h[a {bd bmd¡JmoŸ&&g{VJwé g~Xw XoB [aX A§V[a _w{I A§_¥Vw Zm_w MwAmd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1310)H$~ra gmMm g{VJwé _¡ {_{bAm g~Xw Ow ~m{hAm EHwŸ &&$bmJV hr wB {_{b JBAm n[aAm H$boOo N>oHwŸ &&$

(gbmoH$ H$~ra Or, 1372)Vo _wH$Vo Ê g{VJwa g~{X _{Z Jwa naMm nmBACŸ&&Jwa am_Xmg H$ë wMa¡ V¡ g~X ZrgmZw ~OmBACŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1397)Om{_ Jwê$ hmoB d{b {JAmZ Aé {YAmZ AZZ n[aŸ&&Om{_ Jwê$ hmoB d{b g~Xw gmIr gw gMh K[aŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1399)Jwé$ Jwé Jwé Jwé Jwé Onw àmZrAhþŸ&&g~Xw h[a h[a On¡ Zm_w Zd{Z{Y An¡ ag{ZA{h{Z{g ag¡ g{V H$[a OmZrAhþŸ&&

(AdB©E _. 4, 1400)

~m~rhm gJbr YaVr Oo {\$a{h D${S> M‹S>{h AmH$m{gŸ&&g{VJw[a {_{bEo Obw nmB©Eo MyH¡$ ^yI {nAmgŸ&&OrC qnSw> g w {Vg H$m g w {H$Nw> {Vg H¡$ nm{gŸ&&{dUw ~mo{bAm g w {H$Nw> OmUXm {H$gw AmJ¡ H$sM¡ AaXm{gŸ&&ZmZH$ K{Q> K{Q> EH$mo daVXm g~{X H$ao naJmgŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1420)

gJbr yb¡ Zhr g~Xw AMméŸ&& gmo g_P¡ {Ogw Jwé H$aVméŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 1, 1190)

Jwa H$s ~mUr Jwa Vo OmVr {O g~{X aVo a§Jw bmBŸ&&n{dVw nmdZ go OZ {Za_b h[a H¡$ Zm{_ g_mBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)H$aU nbmd H$a¡ {~bbmVC {~Zw Jwa Zm_w Z Omn¡Ÿ&&nb n§H$O _{h Zm_w N>S>mE Oo Jwa g~Xw {gÄmmn¡Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)gVg§J{V {_{b _{V ~w{Y nmB© hC Ny>Q>o __Vm OmbŸ&&h[aZm_m h[a _rR> bJmZm Jw[a H$sE g~{X {ZhmbŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 4, 1335)_Zw Hw§$Mé H$mBAm C{XAmZ¡Ÿ&& Jwé A§H$gw gMw g~Xw ZrgmZ¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 221)_Zw {IZw {IZw â{_ â{_ ~hþ Ymd¡ {Vbw K[a Zhr dmgm nmB©EoŸ&&Jw[a A§H$gw g~Xw Xmê$ {g[a Ym[aAmo K[a _§X[a Am{U dgmB©EoŸ&&

(~g§V _. 4, 1179)_¡ gwIr hÿ§ gwIw nmBAmŸ&& Jw[a A§V[a g~Xw dgmBAmŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 73)

3. eãX Jwé_wI H$mo {_bVm h¡g{VJwa g~Xr Bhþ _Zw o{XAm {haX¡ gmMr ~mUrŸ&&_oam à w AbIw Z OmB© b{IAm Jwa_w{I AH$W H$hmUrŸ&&Amno XBAm H$ao gwIXmVm OnrEo gm[a¨J nmUrŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)Amno g~Xw gMw gmIr Amno {OZ OmoVr Omo{V {_bmB©Ÿ&&Xohr H$mMr nCUw dOmE Jwa_w{I A§_¥Vw nmB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1260)Jwa_w{I H$m_{U ~{UAm grJméŸ&& g~Xo {né am{IAm CaYm[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1277)Jwa_w{I {dabm H$moB© ~yP¡ g~Xo a{hAm g_mB©Ÿ&&Zm{_ aVo gXm gwIw nmd¡ gm{M ah¡ {bd bmB©Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1332)EH$mo g~Xw EH$mo à w daV¡ g^ EH$gw Vo CVn{V Mb¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I _o{b {_bmE Jwa_w{I h[a h[a OmB ab¡Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)EW¡ AmoW¡ _§ZrA{Z h[aZm{_ bJo dmnm[aŸ&&Jwa_w{I g~{X {gÄmmnXo {VVw gmM¡ Xa~m[aŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1415){~Zw g~X¡ g w OJw ~CamZm {~aWm OZ_w JdmBAmŸ&&A§_¥Vw EH$mo g~Xw h¡ ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I nmBAmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

gmMo _¡bw Z bmJB© _Zw {Za_b h[a {YAmB©Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I g~Xw nN>mUrEo h[a A§_¥V Zm{_ g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)

Jwa_wIm Ho$ _wI CObo Jwag~Xr ~rMm[aŸ&&hb{V nb{V gwIw nmBXo O{n O{n [aX¡ _wam[aŸ&&Ka hr {d{M _hbw nmBAm Jwag~Xr drMm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 30)

eãX 149


h[a _§Xé h[a H$m hmQw> h¡ a{IAm g~{X gdm[aŸ&&{Vgw {d{M gCXm EHw$ Zm_w Jwa_w{I b¡{Z gdm[aŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)Jwa_wIm h[a YZ I{Q>Am Jwa H¡$ g~{X drMm[aŸ&&Zm_w nXmaWw nmBAm AVwQ> âo §S>maŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1414)Jwa_w{I OmoJ g~{X AmV_w MrZ¡ {haX¡ EHw$ _wamarŸ&&_ZyAm Ag{Wé g~Xo amVm Ehm H$aUr gmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908)A§V[a ZmdUw gmMw nN>mU¡Ÿ&& A§Va H$s J{V Jwa_w{I OmU¡Ÿ&&gmM g~X {~Zw _hbw Z nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)Jwa_w{I g~Xw gåhmbrEo gMo Ho$ JwU JmCŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm{_ aVo OZ {Za_bo ghOo g{M g_mCŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1286)_Z ao gMw {_b¡ ^C OmBŸ&&¡ {~Zw {Za^C {H$C WrEo Jwa_w{I g~{X g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 18)go OZ g~Xo gmohUo {VVw gM¡ Xa~m[aŸ&&Jwa_w{I gM¡ g~{X aVo Am{n _obo H$aVm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 37)Jwa_w{I OZ_w gH$maWm gM¡ g~{X bJ§{ZŸ&&AmV_ am_w àJm{gAm ghOo gw{I ah§{ZŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 755){OC {Vgw ^md¡ {Vd¡ Mbmd¡ H$aUm {H$Nw> Z OmB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I g~Xw gåhmbo am_ Zm{_ d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1132)

4. eãX _Z_wI H$mo Zht {_bVm_Z_wI Zm_w Z OmUZr {dUw Zmd¡ n{V OmBŸ&&g~X¡ gmXw Z AmBAmo bmJo XyO¡ ^mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)_Z_wIw _mo{h {dAm{nAm ~¡amJw CXmgr Z hmoBŸ&&g~Xw Z MrZ¡ gXm XwIw h[a XaJ{h n{V ImoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)_Zw M§Mbw {~{Y Zmhr OmU¡Ÿ&& _Z_w{I _¡bm g~Xw Z nN>mU¡Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I {Za_bw Zm_w dImU¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 415)g~Xw Mr{Z ¡ H$nQ> Z Ny>Q>o _Z_w{I _mBAm _mBAmŸ&&AOJ[a ^m[a bXo A{V ^mar _[a OZ_o OZ_w JdmBAmŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1255)hC_¡ {d{M OJw {~ZgXm _[a O§_¡ Amd¡ OmBŸ&&_Z_wI g~Xw Z OmUZr Omg{Z n{V JdmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)_ZgwI ~mobo A§Ywbo {Vgw _{h AJZr H$m dmgwŸ&&~mUr gwa{V Z ~wPZr g~{X Z H$a{h àJmgwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1415)

5. ""hm¢_¢'', ôf, MVwamB©, Xw{dYm VWm _Z H$s Va§Jm| _| eãXH$s àm{á Zht hmoVr

~mh[a oI ~hþVw MVwamB© _ZyAm Xh{X{g Ymd¡Ÿ&&hC_¡ {~Am{nAm g~Xw Z MrÝh¡ {\$[a {\$[a OyZr Amd¡Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 4, 732)Xw{~Ym MyH¡$ Vm§ g~Xw nN>mUwŸ&& K[a ~mh[a EH$mo H$[a OmUwŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1343){OMé Bhþ _Zw bhar {d{M h¡ hC_¡ ~hþVw Ah§H$méŸ&&g~X¡ gmXw Z AmdB© Zm{_ Z bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1247)

6. {H$gr {dabo H$mo eãX {_bVm h¡Voao XagZ H$C Ho$Vr {~bbmBŸ&&{dabm H$mo MrZ{g Jwa g~{X {_bmBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1188)A§V[a OyR>m {H$C gw{M hmoBŸ&& g~Xr Ymod¡ {dabm H$moBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1344)

5. Omo eãX H$s MmoQ> H$mo gho dh Jwé h¡H$~ra MmoQ> gwhobr gob H$s bmJV boB CgmgŸ&&MmoQ> ghma¡ g~X H$s Vmgw Jwê$ _| XmgŸ&&

(gbmoH$ H$~ra Or, 1374)

6. Jwé eãX _| g_m`m hþAm h¡ZmZH$ Am{X A§JX A_a g{VJwa g~{X g_mBACŸ&&YZw YZw Jyê$ am_Xmg Jwé {O{Z nmagw na{g {_bmBACŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1407)

7. eãX Ho$ Ü`mZ Ho$ {bò à^mV H$m g_` R>rH$ h¡ZmC à^mV¡ g~{X {YAmB©Eo N>moS>hþ XwZr narVmŸ&&àUd{V ZmZH$ Xmg{ZXmgm O{J hm[aAm {V{Z OrVmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1330)

8. eãX-Aä`mgr Jwé H$mo {à` h¡go ^JV g{VJwa _{Z ^mEŸ&& AZ{XZw Zm{_ Zm{_ aho {bd bmEŸ&&gXhr Zm_w doI{h hOy[aŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X a{hAm âny[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1278)

9. eãX Ho$ AZoH$ \$b

1. Ord H$m H$ë`mU hmoVm h¡H$Mhþ H§$MZw ^BAC g~Xw Jwa òdU{h gw{UAmoŸ&&{~Iw Vo A§_¥Vw hþ C Zm_w g{VJwa _w{I ^{UACŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1399)

Jwa_w{I OZ_w gH$maWm gM¡ g~{X bJ§{ZŸ&&AmV_ am_w àJm{gAm ghOo gw{I ah§{ZŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 755)

g o WmoH$ namnVo Oo Amd¡ BHw$ h{WŸ&&OZ_w nXmaWw g\$bw h¡ Oo gMm g~Xw H${WŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)VwYw ~mPw g_aW H$moB Zmhr H¥$nm H$[a ~ZdmarAmŸ&&Eg ZC hmoé WmC Zmhr g~{X bm{J gdmarAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)Omo OZ XrZ Ê Jwa AmJ¡ {VZHo$ XyI {ZdmaoŸ&&AZ{XZw ^J{V H$a{h Jwa AmJ¡ Jwa H¡$ g~{X gdmaoŸ&&

(gma§J _, 4, 1199)

2. eãX "hm¢_¢-amoJ' H$s Am¡f{Y h¡_oao àrV_ H$[a {H$anm Xohþ ~wPmB©Ÿ&&hC_¡ amoJr OJVw CnmBAm {~Zw g~X¡ amoJw Z OmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1130)_Z_wI Vo A^ ^J{V Z hmod{g hC_¡ nM{h {XdmZoŸ&&Bhþ _ZyAm {IZw D${^ nBAmbr O~ b{J g~X Z OmZoŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1345)XyO¡ ^mB XwIw bmBXm ~hþVr XoB gOmBŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm{_ bJo go C~ao hC_¡ g~{X JdmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)hC_¡ XraK amoJw h¡ Xmê$ ^r Bgw _m{hŸ&&{H$anm H$ao Oo AmnZr Vm Jwa H$m g~Xw H$_m{hŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 2, 466)hC Jwa nyN>C AmnUo Jwa nw{N> H$ma H$_mCŸ&&g~{X gbmhr _{Z dg¡ hC_¡ XwIw O{b OmCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)hC_¡ __Vm O{b ~bC bmo w ObC A{^_mZwŸ&&ZmZH$ g~Xw drMmarEo nmB©Eo JwUr {ZYmZwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 59)hC_¡ {Zda¡ Jwa g~Xw ~rMma¡Ÿ&& M§Mb _{V {VAmJ¡ n§M g§Kma¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 226)H${b H$sa{V g~Xw nN>mZwŸ&& Ehm ^J{V MyH¡$ A{^_mZwŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 424)A§_¥Vw _rR>m g~Xw drMm[aŸ&& AZ{XZw ^moJo hC_¡ _m[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 424)g~{X gwUrEo g~{X ~wPrEo g{M ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&g~X¡ hC_¡ _marEo gM¡ _h{b gwIw nmBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 429)_Zw _¡bm gMw {Za_bm {H$CH$[a {_{bAm OmBŸ&&à w _obo Vm {_{b ah¡ hC_¡ g~{X ObmBŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 755)

g§V OZm Ho$ h[a OrC H$maO gdmaoŸ&& àhbmX OZ Ho$ BH$sh Hw$b CYmaoŸ&&Jwa Ho$ g~{X hC_¡ {~Iw _maoŸ&& ZmZH$ am_ Zm{_ g§V {ZgVmaoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1133)

AmV_ _{h am_w _{h AmV_w MrZ{g Jwa ~rMmamŸ&&A§_¥V ~mUr g~{X nN>mUr XwI H$mQ>¡ hC _mamŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1153)

^J{V H$ao gmo OZw {Za_bw hmoBŸ&& Jwa g~Xr {dMhþ hC_¡ ImoBŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 3, 1173)

ZmZH$ hC_¡ g~{X ObmBAmŸ&& g{VJw[a gmMm Xagw {XImBAmŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 1, 1189)

g~Xw drMm[a gXm a§{J amVo hC_¡ V¥gZm _marŸ&&A§V[a {ZhHo$dbw h[a a{dAm g w AmV_ am_w _wamarŸ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1233)

{OZr hþH$_w nN>m{UAm go _obo hC_¡ V¥gZm _marŸ&&gMr ^J{V H$a{h {XZw amVr g{M aho {bd bmBŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1258)

hC_¡ {~Iw _Zw _mo{hAm b{XAm AOJa ^marŸ&&JéSw> g~Xw _w{I nmBAm hC_¡ {~Iw h[a _marŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1260)

hC_¡ _oam g~Xo ImoB©Ÿ&& {Za_b Zm_w dg¡ _{Z gmoB©Ÿ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

^mC ^J{V Jwa_Vr nmEŸ&& hC_¡ {dMhþ g~{X ObmEŸ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

A{_C agZm ~X{Z ~aXm{V AbI Anma Jwa gya g~{X hC_¡ {Zdm ©CŸ&&n§Mmhé{Z {XbAC gw§Z gh{O {ZO K[a ghm ©CŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1408)

AmV_mam_w Z nyOZr XyO¡ {H$C gwIw hmoBŸ&&hC_¡ A§V[a _¡bw h¡ g~{X Z H$mT>{h YmoBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1414)

{~Zw g~X¡ agw Z Amd¡ ACYy hC_¡ {nAmg Z OmB©Ÿ&&g~{X aVo A§_¥V agw nmBAm gmMo aho AKmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 945)

Ì¡ JwU _oQ>¡ g~Xw dgmE Vm _{Z MyH¡$ Ah§H$mamoŸ&&A§V[a ~mh[a EH$mo OmU¡ Vm h[a Zm{_ bJ¡ {nAmamoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)

{O{Z _rR>m bmBAm bmoB© OmU¡ {Vgw {dQ>hþ ~{b OmB©Ÿ&&g~{X gbmhr gXm gwIXmVm {dMhþ Amnw JdmB©Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1333)

Jwa g~Xw ~rMma{h Amnw OmBŸ&& gmM OmoJw _{Z dg¡ AmBŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 1, 1990)

Jwa g~Xr Obw nmB©Eo {dMhþ Amnw JdmBŸ&&ZmZH$ {Ogw {~Zw Mgm Z XrdXr gmo g{VJw[a XrAm {_bmBŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1283)

g~{X _§{ZEo Jwé nmB©Eo {dMhþ Amnw JdmBŸ&&AZ{XZw ^J{V H$ao gXm gmMo H$s {bd bmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 34)

3. M§Mb ~w{Õ Am¡a _Z H$s Va§J| éH$ OmVr h¢ VWm _Z de _| AmVm h¡g{VJwa g~Xr Bhþ _Zw o{XAm {haX¡ gmMr ~mUrŸ&&_oam à w AbIw Z OmB© b{IAm Jwa_w{I AH$W H$hmUrŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)

eãX 151


ZmZH$ _Zw g_PmB©Eo Jwa H¡$ g~{X gmbmhŸ&&am_Zm_ a§{J a{VAm ^mé Z â_w {VZmhŸ&&h[a O{n bmhm AJbm {Za^C h[a _Z _mhŸ&&

({gar amJ _. 1, 23)_Zw ybC g_P{g gmM ZmBŸ&& Jwa g~Xw ~rMmao ghX ^mBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1187)M§Mb _{V {VAm{J ^C §OZ nmBAm EH$ g~{X {bd bmJrŸ&&h[a agw Mm{I V¥Im {Zdmar h[a _o{b bE ~S>^mJrŸ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232)_Z Ho$ Va§J g~{X {Zdmao agZm gh{O gw mB©Ÿ&&g{VJwa {_br ahrEo gX AnwZo {O{Z h[a goVr {bd bmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1233)Jwa_w{I OmoJ g~{X AmV_w MrZ¡ {haX¡ EHw$ _wamarŸ&&_ZyAm Ag{Wé g~Xo amVm Ehm H$aUr gmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908){~Zw Jwa g~X¡ _Zw Zhr R>CamŸ&&{g_ahþ am_ Zm_w A{V {Za_bw Ada {VAmJhþ hC_¡ H$CamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 415)go dS>^mJr {OZ g~Xw nN>m{UAmŸ&& ~mh[a OXm Ka _{h Am{UAmŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1175)_Z_wI Vo A^ ^J{V Z hmod{g hC_¡ nM{h {XdmZoŸ&&Bhþ _ZyAm {IZw D${^ nBAmbr O~ b{J g~X Z OmZoŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1345)_Zw g~{X _a¡ Vm _wH$Vmo hmod¡ h[a MaUr {MVw bmB©Ÿ&&h[a gé gmJé gXm Obw {Za_bw Zmd¡ gh{O gw mB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1233)gmo {Jahr gmo Xmgw CXmgr {O{Z Jwa_w{I Amnw nN>m{ZAmŸ&&ZmZHw$ H$h¡ Adé Zhr XyOm g~{X _Zw _m{ZAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1332)BZ {~{Y am_ a_V _Zw _m{ZAmŸ&& {JAmZ A§OZw Jwa g~{X nN>m{ZAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 220)Vy _moQ>C R>mHw$é g~X _m{hŸ&& _Zw ZmZH$ _m{ZAm gMw gbm{hŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1188)OZH$ amOw ~aVmBAm gVOwJw AmbrUmŸ&&Jwa g~Xo _Zw _m{ZAm AnVrOw nVrUmŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1407)g~{X _a¡ _Zw _m[a Y§Zw OUoXr _mBAmŸ&&X[a gM¡ g{MAmé gMm AmBAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1286)_Z Jwa_{V Mmb Mbmd¡JmoŸ&&{OC _¡Jbw _gVw XrO¡ V{b Hw§$S>o Jwa A§H$gw g~nXw Ñ‹S>md¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1310)g~{X _a¡ _Zw _mao ACYy OmoJ OwJ{V drMmarŸ&&_mBAm _mohþ ^dObw h¡ AdYy g~{X Va¡ Hw$b VmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908)gM¡ g~{X _Zw _m[aAm A{h{Z{g Zm{_ {nAm[aŸ&&{OZr nwaIr C[aYm[aAm gMm AbH$ AnméŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1284)

~S>^mJr CZ _m{ZAC [a{X g~Xw ~gm`CŸ&&_Zw _mUHw$ g§Vmo{IAC Jw[a Zm_w Ñ‹T>m`CŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1407)

4. _¡b CVaVr h¡{~Zw g{VJwa {H$Z¡ Z nmBAmo H$[a doIhþ _{Z drMm[aŸ&&_Z_wI _¡bw Z CVa¡ {OMé Jwag~{X Z H$ao {nAméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 37)

\w${Z Jwê$ na_b gag H$aV H§$MZw nag_¡b Xwa_{V {haV g~{X Jwé Ü`mB©EoŸ&&A§_¥V nadmh Nw>Q>H§$V gX Ûm[a {Ogw kmZJwa {~_b ga g§V {gI ZmB©EoŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1401)

5. V¥îUm {_Q> OmVr h¡V¥gZm AJ{Z g~{X ~wPmEŸ&& XyOm â_w gh{O gw mEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 222)

Jwa H$m g~Xw A{V _rR>m bmBAmŸ&&ZmZH$ V¥gZ ~wPr _{Z V{Z gwIw nmBAmŸ&&

({~bmdbw _. 3, 798)

gh{O {_{bAm V~ hr gwIw nmBAm V¥gZm g~{X ~wPmB©Ÿ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ VwP Vo _Zw _m{ZAm H$s_{V H$hZw Z OmB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1274)

{àC godhþ à^ ào_ AYm[aŸ&& Jwa g~{X {~Iw {VAmg {Zdm[aŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 1, 1187)

~m~rhm Vy± gMw MC gMo gC {bd bmBŸ&&~mo{bAm Voam WmB© nd¡ Jwa_w{I hmoB AbmBŸ&&g~Xw Mr{Z {VI CVa¡ _§{Z b¡ aOmBŸ&&Mmao Hw§$S>m Pmo{H$ dagXm ~y±X nd¡ gh{O gw mBŸ&&Ob hr Vo g^ CnO¡ {~Zw Ob {nAmg Z OmBŸ&&ZmZH$ h[a Obw {O{Z nrAm {Vgw yI Z bmJ¡ AmBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1419)

6. Amgm-_Zgm H$m Zme hmoVm h¡Amgm _Zgm g~{X ObmEŸ&& am_ ZamBUw H$h¡ H$hmEŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 413)

7. _moh-_m`m H$m Zme hmoVm h¡{~grAa {~gw â¡ h¡ nyaZ Jwé Jé‹S> g~Xw _w{I nmd¡JmoŸ&&_mBAm wBA§J {Vgw Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡ {~Iw Pm[a Pm[a {bd bmd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1311)

_mBAm wBA§J_w ganw h¡ OJw Ko[aAm {~Iw _mBŸ&&{~Iw H$m _maUw h[aZm_w h¡ Jwa Jé‹S> g~Xw _w{I nmBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1415)_Zw _mBAm _Zw YmBAm _Zw n§Ir AmH$m{gŸ&&VgH$a g~{X {Zdm[aAm ZJé dwR>m gm~m{gŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1330)

g~X§ aV§ {hV§ _BAm H$saV§ H$br H$a_ H¥$VwbmŸ&&{_Q>§{V VÌmJV ‹S>_ _moh§Ÿ&&

(gmhgH¥$Vr _. 5, 1354)_mBAm _mohþ g~{X ObmEŸ&& _Zw VZw h[aAm g{VJwa ^mEŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1173)Bhþ _Zw Ny>Q>m Jw[a bmoAm N>BmBŸ&& ZmZH$ _mBAm _mohþ g~{X ObmBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1177){~Zw àrVr ^J{V Z hmodB© {~Zw g~X¡ WmB Z nmBŸ&&g~Xo hC_¡ _marEo _mBAm H$m «_w OmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 67)_oao _Z h[a h[a am_ Zm_w O{n Mr{VŸ&&h[a h[a dgVw _mBAm J{‹T> do‹T>r Jwa Ho$ g~{X brAmo JSw> Or{VŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1295)8. ^«_ H$m Zme hmoVm h¡Jwa_w{I h[a gmbm{hAm {OZm {VZ gbm{h h[a OmVmŸ&&{dMhþ â_w JBAm h¡ XyOm Jwa H¡$ g~{X nN>mVmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1333)

9. g~ {dH$mam|, amoJm|, H$m_-H«$moYm{X AdJwUm| VWm nmnm| H$m Zme hmoVm h¡g^mo daV¡ MbVw MbVw dIm{UAmŸ&&nma~«h_w na_ogé Jwa_w{I Om{UAmŸ&&bWo g{^ {dH$ma g~{X Zrgm{UAmŸ&&gmYy g§{J CYmé Ê {ZH$m{UAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1291)Jwa H$m g~Xw g{^ amoJ JdmE {OgZmo h[a OrC bmEŸ&&Zm_o Zm{_ {_b¡ d{S>AmB© {OgZmo _§{Z dgmEŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1131)_oam à w h¡ JwU H$m XmVm AdJwU g~{X ObmEŸ&&{OZ _{Z d{gAm go OZ gmoho {haX¡ Zm_w dgmEŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1132)Jwé H$é gMw ~rMmé Jwê$ H$é ao _Z _oaoŸ&&Jwé H$é g~X gnw§Z AKZ H$Q>{h g^ VoaoŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1399){H$b{~I _oQ>o g~{X g§VmoIwŸ&& Zm_w AamYZ hmoAm OmoJwŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 5, 1340)gmM g~Xw {haXo _Z _m{hŸ&& OZ_ OZ_ Ho$ {H$b{dI Om{hŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1143)_YwgyXZ OnrEo CaYm[aŸ&&Xohr ZJ[a VgH$a n§M YmVy Jwag~Xr h[a H$mT>o _m[aŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 4, 1135)

go YZd§V {OZ h[a à w am{gŸ&& H$m_ H«$moY Jwa g~{X Zm{gŸ&&(~g§Vw _. 5, 1184)

Ñg{Q> YaV V_ haZ XhZ AK nmn àZmgZŸ&&g~X gya ~bd§V H$m_ Aé H«$moY {~ZmgZŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 2, 1391)

¡ {Za^C h[a AQ>bw _{Z g~{X Jwa ZoOm J{S>AmoŸ&&H$m_ H«$moY bmo _moh AnVw n§O XyV {~I§{S>AmoŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 3, 1396)g{VJwa Zm_w EH$ {bd _{Z On¡ ÑSw> {VÝhOZ XwI nmn H$hþ VH$ hmod¡ OrCŸ&&VmaU VaU {IZ _mÌ OmH$C ÑpñQ> Yma¡g~Xw [aX ~rMma¡ H$m_w H«$moYw Imod¡ OrCŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1398)Jwa H¡$ g~{X AamYrEo Zm{_ a§{J ~¡amJwŸ&&OrVo n§M ~¡amB©Am ZmZH$ g\$b _mê$ Bhþ amJwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 5, 1425)Jwa_Vr g~{X gya h¡ H$m_w H«$moYw {OÝhr _m[aAmŸ&&gM¡ A§X[a _h{b g~{X gdm[aAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1280)

10. {Z_©bVm H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡Vy Am{n {Za_bw Voao OZw h¡ {Za_b Jwa Ho$ g~{X drMmaoŸ&&ZmZHw$ {VZ Ho$ gX ~{bhma¡ am_ Zm_w C[a YmaoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1155)g~Xo _Zw VZw {Za_bw hmoAm h[a dm{gAm _{Z AmB©Ÿ&&g~Xw Jwa XmVm {OVw _Zw amVm h[a {gC a{hAm g_mB©Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 601)g~{X aVo go {Za_bo hC gX gX ~{bhma¡ OmgwŸ&&{haX¡ {OZ Ho$ h[a dg¡ {VVw K{Q> h¡ naJmgwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)g~Xw XrnHw$ daV¡ {Vhþ bmoBŸ&& Omo MmI¡ gmo {Za_bw hmoBŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 3, 644)_oao _Z Jwa_w{I {YAmB h[a gmoBŸ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw _{Z dg¡ _Zw VZw {Za_bw hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)ZX[a H$ao g~Xw K{Q> _{h dg¡ {dMhþ â_w JdmEŸ&&VZw _Zw {Za_bw {Za_b ~mUr Zm_w _§{Z dgmEŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)_Z _oao hC_¡ _¡bw â Zm{bŸ&&h[a {Za_bw gXm gmohUm g~{X gdmaUhméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)g~{X aVo go {Za_bo V{O H$m_ H«$moYw Ah§H$méŸ&&Zm_w gbmh{Z gX gXm h[a amI{h CaYm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)g~Xw Mr{Z _Zw {Za_bw hmod¡ Vm h[a Ho$ JwU Jmd¡Ÿ&&Jwa_Vr Amn¡ Amnw nN>mU¡ Vm {ZOK[a dmgm nmd¡Ÿ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 3, 565){~Zw Jwa A§Ywbo Y§Yw amoBŸ&& _Zw Jwa_w{I {Za_bw _bw g~{X ImoBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1170)OJw ImoQ>m¡ gMw {Za_bm¡ Jwag~Xt drMm[aŸ&&Vo Za {dabo OmUrA{h {OZ A§V[a {JAmZw _wam[aŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1331)

eãX 153


Jwa_w{I h[a OrC gXm {YAmdhþ O~ bJw OrA namZŸ&&Jwag~Xr _Zw {Za_b hmoAm MyH$m _{Z A{^_mZwŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

11. nyU© d¡am½` H$s AdñWm H$s àm{ág~{X aVo nyao ~¡amJrŸ&&ACh{R> hgV _{h ^r{IAm OmMr EH$ ^mB {bd bmJrŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1332)

12. eãX OÝ_-_aU H$s Q>oH$ h¡, Bggo _m¡V H$m S>a {_Q> OmVm h¡, eãX _| _a H$a Ord Xw~mam Zht _aVm{ZS>ao H$C H¡$gm S>é H$dZwŸ&& g~{X nN>mZ¡ VrZo ^CZŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 221){gIhþ g~Xw {nAm[ahmo OZ_ _aZ H$s Q>oHŸ &&$_wI D$Ob gXm gwIr ZmZH$ {g_aV EHŸ &&$

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 320){Oh _aZ¡ g w OJVw Vam{gAmŸ&& gmo _aZm Jwa g~{X àJm{gAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r H$~ra Or, 327)h[a h[a Zm_w ^{OAmo nwaImoV_w g{^ {~Zgo XmbX XbKmŸ&&^C OZ_ _aUm _o{Q>Amo Jwa g~{X h[a Ag{Wé go{d gw{I g_KmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 4, 731)_Z _oao gXm h[a doIw hXy[aŸ&&OZ_ _aZ XwIw naha¡ g~{X a{hAm âny[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 34)_{Z ^md¡ g~Xw gwhmBAmŸ&&«{_ «{_ Omo{Z oI ~hþ H$sÝho Jw[a amIo gMw nmBAmŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1255)g~{X _a¡ gmo _[a ah¡ {\$[a _a¡ Z XyOr dmaŸ&&g~X¡ hr Vo nmB©Eo h[aZm_o bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ OJw ybm {\$a¡ _[a OZ_¡ dmamo dmaŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)

13. H${b Ho$ Šboe Am¡a `_ H$m S>a Xya hmo OmVm h¡H${b H$bog Jwa g~{X {ZdmaoŸ&& AmdU OmU aho gwI gmaoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 191)

{IZ _{h CnO¡ {I{Z In¡ Amd¡ {IZw OmBŸ&&g~Xw nN>mU¡ a{d ah¡ Z {Vgw H$mbw g§VmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)

Omo CnO¡ gmo H$m{b g§Km[aAmŸ&& h_ h[a amIo Jwa g~Xw ~rMm[aAmŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 1, 227)

_{Z am_ Zm_w Amam{YAm Jwa g~{X Jyê$ Jwa HoŸ &&$g{^ BN>m _{Z V{Z nyarAm g w MyH$m S>é O_ HoŸ &&$

(gyhr _. 4, 731)

14. Am¡KQ> amh H$s _wpíH$b| AmgmZ hmo OmVr h¢ACKQ> éYo amh JbrAm± amoH$sAm±Ÿ&& gMm donadmhþ g~{X g§VmoIrAm§Ÿ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1288)

15. AmdmJ_Z {_Q> OmVm h¡ VWm H$amo‹S>mo H$_m] H$m Zme hmoVm h¡AmdmJCUw {Zdm[a g{M amVo gmM g~Xw _{Z ^mBAmŸ&&g{VJwé go{d gXm gwIw nmB©Eo {O{Z {dMhþ Amnw JdmBAmŸ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234)

am_mZ§X gwAm_r a_V ~«h_Ÿ&& Jwa H$m g~Xw H$mQ>¡ H$mo{Q> H$a_Ÿ&&(~g§V am_mZÝX, 1195)

16. Ord g§gma-gmJa go nma hmo OmVm h¡Amno gmJé ~mo{hWm Amno nmé AnméŸ&&gmMr dmQ> gwOmUw Vy± g~{X bKmdUhméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 54)_oao _Z gXm ahhþ g{VJwa H$s gaUmŸ&&{haX¡ h[a Zm{_ _rR>m gX bmJm Jwa g~Xo ^dObw VaUmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1132)Bgw _Z H$s {~{Y _Z hÿ OmU¡ g~{X drMm[aŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w {YAmB gXm Vy ^dgmJé {OVw nmd{h nm[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1260)^COb VmaUhmé g~{X nN>mUrEoŸ&& Mmoa Oma OyAma nr‹S>o KmUrEoŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1288)^C ~¡amJw ^BAm h¡ ~mo{hWw Jwé IodQw> g~{X Vamd¡JmoŸ&&am_ Zm_w h[a oQ>rEo h[a am_¡ Zm{_ g_md¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1308)Jwé {OÝh H$C gw àg§Zw _mZw A{^_mZw {Zdma¡Ÿ&&{OZ H$C Jwé gw àg§Zw g~{X b{J ^bObw Vma¡Ÿ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1398)g~{X Jwê$ ^dgmJé VarEo BV CV EH$mo OmU¡Ÿ&&{MhZw daZw Zhr N>mBAm ZmZH$ g~Xw nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)g~{X _a¡ _Zw _mao ACYy OmoJ OwJ{V drMmarŸ&&_mBAm _mohþ ^dObw h¡ AdYy g~{X Va¡ Hw$b VmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908)hC ~{bhmar g{VJwa MaUmŸ&& Jwé ~mo{hWw g~{X ¡ VaUmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 413)gw{U _Z _oao Ôw gVJwa gaUmŸ&&JwanagmXr Nw>Q>rEo {~Iw ^dObw g~{X Jwa VaUmŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)Jwa nyao Vo J{V {_{V nmB©Ÿ&&Bhþ g§gmé {~Iw dV A{V ^CObw Jwag~Xr h[a nm[a b§KmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 353)Zm _Zw _a¡ Z _mBAm _a¡Ÿ&&{O{Z {H$Nw> H$sAm gmoB© OmU¡ g~Xw drMm[a ^CgmJé Va¡Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)^dObw {~Zw g~X¡ {H$C VarEoŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm OJw amo{J {~Am{nAm Xw{~Ym Sw>{~ Sw>{~ _arEoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1125)JU J§Ya~ Zm_o g{^ CYao Jwa H$m g~Xw drMm[aŸ&&hC_¡ _m[a gX _{Z dgmBAm h[a am{IAm C[aYm[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 3,g 1259)

g~{X gya OwJ Mmao ACYy ~mUr ^J{V drMm[aŸ&&Ehþ _Zw _mBAm _mo{hAm ACYy {ZH$g¡ g~{X drMm[aŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 908){~Zw Jwa g~X Ny>Q>rEo XoIhþ drMmamŸ&&Oo bI H$a_ H$_mdhr {~Zw Jwa A§{YAmamŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 229)^mJRw> gMm gmoB h¡ {Ogw h[a YZw A§V[aŸ&&gmo Ny>Q>¡ _hm Omb Vo {Ogw Jwa g~Xw {Za§V[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 396)Jwa H¡$ g~{X Vao _w{Z Ho$Vo B§Ðm{XH$ ~«h_m{X VaoŸ&&gZH$ gZ§XZ Vngr OZ Ho$Vo Jwanagnm[a naoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1125)àmUr h[a O{n OZ_w JBAmoŸ&&gmM g~X {~Zw H$~hþ Z Nyy>Q>{g {~aWm OZ_w ^BAmoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1126)

17. gwI, empÝV d AmZÝX H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡Jwa H¡$ g~{X gwIw gm§{V garaŸ&& Jwa_w{I H$m H$C bJ¡ Z nraŸ&&

(Amg _. 3, 361)

Jwa_Vr gm§{V dg¡ garaŸ&& g~Xw MrpÝh {\$[a bJ¡ Z nraŸ&&({~bmdbw _. 3, 842)

agZm g~Xw drMm[a a{g amVr bmb ^B© a§Jw bmB©Ÿ&&am_ Zm_w {ZhHo$dbw Om{UAm _Z V¥n{VAm gm§{V AmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1234)

dS>m Am{n AJ§_w h¡ dS>r d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&Jwa g~Xr do{I {dJ{gAm A§V[a gm§{V AmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1251)

A§V[a AJ{Z g~b A{V {~{IAm {hd grVbw g~Xw Jwa XrO¡Ÿ&&V{Z _{Z gm§{V hmoB A{YH$mB© amoJw H$mQ>¡ gy{I gdrO¡Ÿ&&

(H${bAmZ _. 4, 1326)

K[a hmoX¡ Y{Z OJw wIm _wAm {~Zw g{VJwa g~Xw Jwa XrO¡Ÿ&&gdXw grVbw _{Z V{Z dg¡ {VW¡ `moJw {d`moJw Z H$moBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1249)gmJé grVbw Jwa g~X drMm[aŸ&& _maJw _wH$Vm hC_¡ _m[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1275)MmV¥H$ _rZ Ob hr Vo gwIw nmd{h gm[a¨J g~{X gwhmB©Ÿ&&a¡{Z ~~rhm ~mo{bAmo _oar _mB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1274)g~Xo gXm ~g§Vw h¡ {OVw VZw _Zw h[aAm hmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w Z drga¡ {O{Z {g[aAm g w H$moBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1420)Am{n H$amE H$ao Am{n ^mB© {O{Z h[aAm H$sAm g w H$moBŸ&&ZmZH$ _{Z V{Z gwIw gX dg¡ ^mB© g~{X {_bmdm amoBŸ&&

(~gVw _. 3, 1177)h[a BH$mo XmVm daVXm XyOm Adé Z H$moBŸ&&g~{X gmbmhr _{Z dg¡ ghOo hr gwIw hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 36)

_oao _Z Jwa g~Xr gwIw hmoBŸ&& Jwa nyao H$s MmH$ar {~aWm OmB Z H$moBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 5, 46)

g~Xw Mr{Z gwIwnmBAm gM¡ ZmB {nAmaŸ&&h[a _§Xé g~Xo gmohUm H§$MZw H$moQw> AnmaŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)XyI {dgmaUw g~Xw h¡ Oo _§{Z dgmE H$moBŸ&&Jwa {H$anm Vo _{Z dg¡ H$a_ namn{V hmoBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1413)h[a a§{J amVm _Zw a§J _mUoŸ&&gXm AZ§{X ah¡ {XZ amVr nyao Jwa H¡$ g~{X g_mUoŸ&&

(gyhr _. 4, 732)_hm AZ§Xw Jwa g~Xw drMm[aŸ&& {à` {gC amVr YZ gmohmJ{U Zm[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 370){VZm A§ZXw gXm gwIw h¡ {OZm gMw Zm_w AmYméŸ&&Jwag~Xr gMw nmBAm XyI {ZdmaUhméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 36)gmOZ _{Z AmZ§Xw h¡ Jwa H$m g~Xw drMmaŸ&&A§V[a g~Xw dgmBAm XwIw H${Q>Am MmZUw H$sAm H$aVm[aŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 549)gXm AZ§{X ah¡ {XZw amVr EH$ g~{X {bd bmB©Ÿ&&Zm_w nXmaWw ghOo nmBAm Bh g{VJwa H$s d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 4, 1265)

18. gXm ~gÝV h¡gXm ~g§Vw Jwa g~Xw drMmaoŸ&& am_ Zm_w amI¡ CaYmaoŸ&&

(~§gVw _. 3, 1176)

19. AÝVa _| àH$me hmoVm h¡g~{X aVo go {Za_bo hC gX ~{bhma¡ OmgwŸ&&{haX¡ {OZ Ho$ h[a dg¡ {VVw K{Q> h¡ naJmgwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)

Zm_w OnV hmoAm naJmgwŸ&& Jwa g~Xo H$sZm [aX¡ {ZdmgwŸ&&(à^mVr _. 5, 1340)

g~Xw XrnHw$ daV¡ {Vhþ bmoBŸ&& Omo MmI¡ gmo {Za_bw hmoBŸ&&(YZmgar _. 3, 664)

g{VJwa g~{X COmamo XrnmŸ&&{~Z{gAmo A§YH$ma {Vh _§X[a aVZ H$moR>‹S>r AZynmŸ&&

({~bmdbw _. 5, 821)

20. öX`-H$_b {IbVm h¡A§Xé aM¡ gM a§{J {OC _§OrR>¡ bmbwŸ&&H$_bw {dJg¡ gMw _{Z Jwa H¡$ g~{X {ZhmbwŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1279)

_ybw nN>m{UZ {VZ {ZO K[a dmgm ghOo hr gwIw hmoB©Ÿ&&Jwa H¡$ g~{X H$_bw naJm{gAm hC_¡ Xwa_{V ImoB©Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

eãX 155


21. eãX Ûmam Hw$b _m{bH$ H$m ^` öX` _| CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡ Am¡a AnZo AmnH$mo nhMmZm OmVm h¡AmnUm ^C {VZ nmBAmoZw {OZ Jwa H$m g~Xw ~rMm[aŸ&&gVg§JVr gXm {_{b aho gMo Ho$ JwU gm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)

Jwa H$m g~Xw aV§Zw h¡ H$[a MmZUw Am{n {XImBAmŸ&&AmnUm Amnw nN>m{UAm Jwa_Vr g{M g_mBAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1290)

22. OrdV-_¥VH$ H$s AdñWm àmá hmoVr h¡OrdV _a¡ _[a _aUw gdma¡Ÿ&& Jwa Ho$ g~{X gmMw CaYma¡Ÿ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1174)

H$mBAm gmY¡ CaY Vnw H$a¡ {dMhþ hC_¡ Z OmBŸ&&A{YAmV_ H$a_ Oo H$ao Zm_w Z H$~hr nmBŸ&&Jwa Ho$ g~{X OrdVw _a¡ h[aZm_w dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)

gVJwé go{d _Zw {Za_bm hC_¡ V{O {dH$maŸ&&Amnw N>mo{S> OrdV _a¡ Jwa Ho$ g~{X drMmaŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 34)

JwanagmXr OrdV _a¡ _[a Ord¡ g~Xw H$_mBŸ&&_wH${V XwAmam gmoB nmE {O {dOhþ Amnw JdmBŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1276)

23. OrdZ _wº$ hmo OmVm h¡OrdZ _wH$Vw Om g~Xw gwUmEŸ&& gMr ahV gMm gwIw nmEŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1343)

24. ghO Am¡a gwÝZ g_m{Y bJVr h¡, Xgdm§ Ûmam IwbVm h¡ghO g_m{Y gXm {bd h[a {gC Ordm§ h[a JwZ JmB©Ÿ&&Jwa Ho$ g~{X aVm ~¡amJr {ZOK[a Vm‹S>r bmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232)

{OZ A§V[a g~Xw Amnw nN>mU{h J{V {_{V {VZ hr nmB©Ÿ&&Ehþ _ZyAm gw§Z g_m{Y bJmd¡ OmoVr Omo{V {_bmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)

YmdVw W§påhAm g{VJw[a {_brE Xgdm XwAmé nmBAmŸ&&{VW¡ A§_¥V ^moOZw ghO Yw{Z CnO¡ {OVw g~{X OJVw W§påh ahmBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 441)

ZC XadmOo H$mBAm H$moQw> h¡ Xgd¡ JwnVw aIrO¡Ÿ&&~Oa H$nmQ> Z IwbZr Jwa g~{X IwbrO¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 3, 954)

25. à^w Ho$ Xa H$m {ZemZ {_bVm h¡{Ogw qZX{h gmoB© {~{Y OmU¡Ÿ&& Jwa H¡$ g~Xo X[a ZrgmU¡Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1330)

gmMm godhþ gmMw nN>mU¡Ÿ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X h[a X[a ZrgmU¡Ÿ&&(~g§Vw _. 3, 1175)

26. h[a-a§J H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡H$[a {H$anm K[a AmBAm Amno {_{bAm AmBŸ&&Jwa g~Xr gmbmhrEo a§Jo gh{O gw mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)_Z ao am_ Onhþ gwIw hmoBŸ&&{~Zw Jwa ào_ Z nmB©Eo g{~X {_b¡ a§Jw hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)JwUd§Vr gMw nmBAm {ÌgZm V{O {dH$maŸ&&Jwa g~{X _Zw a§J{Am agZm ào_ {nAm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 36)ào_ nXmaWw {OZ K{Q> d{gAm ghOo aho g_mB©Ÿ&&g~{X aVo go a§{J Mbybo amVo gh{O gw mB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234)_Z _oao g~{X an¡ a§Jw hmoBŸ&&gMr ^J{V gMm h[a _§Xé àJQ>r gmMr gmoBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)_ZgwI {\$a{h Z OmU{h gVJwé hC_¡ A§X[a bm{JŸ&&ZmZH$ g~{X aVo h[aZm{_ a§JmE {~Zw ¡ Ho$hr bm{JŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)Jwa H$s ~mUr Jwa Vo OmVr {O g~{X aVo a§Jw bmBŸ&&n{dVw nmdZ go OZ {Za_b h[a H¡$ Zm{_ g_mBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)

27. ^{º$ H$s CËn{Îm hmoVr h¡n{‹S> n{‹S> n§{S>V _moZr WmHo$ oIr _wH${V Z nmB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ {~Zw ^JVr OJw ~CamZm gM¡ g~{X {_bmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 440)g~Xw ~rMmao gmo OZw gmMm {OZ H¡$ {haX¡ gmMm gmoB©Ÿ&&gmMr ^J{V H$a{h {XZw amVr Vm§ Vm{Z XyIw Z hmoB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1131)AZ{XZw ^J{V H$a{h {XZ amVr Xw{~Ym g~Xo ImoB©Ÿ&&gXm {Za_b h¡ Omo g{M amVo gMw d{gAm _{Z gmoB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1133)\w${Z Jwê$ Ob {~_b AWmh _OZw H$ahþg§V Jwa{gI Vahþ Zm_ gM a§J g[aŸ&&gXm {Zad¡é {Za§H$mé {Za^C Omn¡Ÿ&&ào_ Jwa g~X a{g H$aV Ñhþ> ^J{V h[aŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1400)_Z _oao g~{X an¡ a§Jw hmoBŸ&&gMr ^J{V gMm h[a _§Xé àJQ>r gmMr gmoBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346){OZ g~{X Jwê$ gw{U _§{ZAm {VZ _{Z {YAmBAm h[a gmoBŸ&&AZ{XZw ^JVr a{VAm _Zw VZw {Za_bw hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)gmM g~X {gC bmJr àr{VŸ&& h[a à w AnwZm AmBAm Mr{VŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1340)JmoqdX àr{V gZH$m{XH$ CYmaoŸ&& am_ Zm_ g~{X ~rMmaoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1129)

28. h[a-ag H$s CËn{Îm hmoVr h¡agZm h[aagw nrO¡ A§Vé ^rO¡ gmM g~{X ~rMmarŸ&&A§V[a IyhQ>m A§_¥{V ^[aAm g~Xo H$m{T> nrE n{ZhmarŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 3, 570)ImoBAmo _ybw bm w H$h nmd{g Xwa_{V {JAmZ {dhÿUoŸ&&g~nXw ~rMm[a am_ agw Mm{H$Am ZmZH$ gm{M nVrUoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1126)

29. XaJmh _| _mZ {_bVm h¡g~{X {_bo go gyMmMmar gmMr XaJh _mZoŸ&&AZ{XZw Zm{_ aV{Z {bd bmJo Ow{J Ow{J gm{M g_mZoŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1332)gm{M aVo gMw A§_¥Vw {Ohdm {_{WAm _¡bw Z amB©Ÿ&&{Za_b Zm_w A§_¥Vw agw Mm{IAm g~{X aVo n{V nmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1127)_Z H$s {~{Y g{VJwa Vo OmU¡ AZ{XZw bmJ¡ gX h[a {gC {YAmZwŸ&&Jwa g~{X aVo gXm ~¡amJr h[a XaJh gmMr nmd{h _mZwŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)h[a h[a Zm_w {YAmB _V h[a XaJh nmd{h _mZwŸ&&Omo BN>{h gmo \$bw nmBgr Jwa g~Xr bJ¡ {YAmZwŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m dma _. 4, 1313)Ob Vo {Ì^dUw gm{OAm K{Q> K{Q> Omo{V g_moBŸ&&{Za_b _¡bm Zm WrEo g~{X aVo n[V hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 19)

30. _w{º$ Am¡a na_-nX H$m bm^g{VJwa Zmo g w H$mo doIXm OoVm OJVw g§gméŸ&&{S>R>¡ _wH${V Z hmodB©Ÿ {OMé g~{X Z H$ao drMméŸ&&

(dS>h§g dma _. 4, 594)

g~Xo Zm_w aI¡ C[aYm[aŸ&& g~Xo J{V _{V _moI XwAméŸ&&(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)

gmM¡ g~{X _wH${V J{V nmEŸ&& ZmZH$ {dMhþ Amnw JdmEŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 352)

Jwa Ho$ g~{X _a{h {\$[a Ord{h {VZ H$C _wH${V XwAm[aŸ&&A§V[a gm§{V gXm gwIw hmod¡ h[a am{IAm CaYm[aŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1132)amoJr ~«h_m {~gZw géÐm hmoJr gJb g§gmamŸ&&h[a nXw Mr{Z Ê go _wH$Vo Jwa H$m g~Xw drMmamŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1153)Y§Ym H$aV gJbr n{V Imodgr â_w Z {_Q>{g JdmamŸ&&{~Zw Jwa g~X _wH${V Zhr H$~hr A§Ywbo Y§Yw ngmamŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1127)nwgVH$ nmR> {~AmH$aU dImU¡ g§{YAm H$a_ {VH$mb H$a¡Ÿ&&{~Zw Jwa g~X _wH${V H$hm àmUr am_ Zm_ {~Zw Ca{P _a¡Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1127)g~{X _a¡ gmoB© OZw {gP¡ {~Zw g~X¡ _wH${V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&oI H$a{h ~hþ H$a_ {dJwVo ^mB XyO¡ naO {dJmoB©Ÿ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1416)

{~Zw g{VJwa _wH${V Z nmB©Eo _Z_w{I {\$a¡ {XdmZwŸ&&g~Xw Z MrZ¡ H$WZr ~XZr H$ao {~{IAm _m{h g_mZwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 39)A§_¥Vw g~Xw nrd¡ OZw H$moBŸ&& ZmZH$ VmH$s na_ J{V hmoBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 394)«_V {\$ao {VZ {H$Ny> Zm nmBAmŸ&&

go Ag{Wa {OZ Jwa g~Xw H$_mBAmŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 374)

31. {ZO-Ka H$s àm{ághO g_m{Y gXm {bd h[a {gC Ordm§ h[a JwZ JmB©Ÿ&&Jwa Ho$ g~{X aVm ~¡amJr {ZO K[a Vm‹S>r bmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232)

gMw g~Xw H$_mB©Eo {ZO K[a OmB©Eo nmB©Eo JwUr {ZYmZmŸ&&{VVw gmIm _ybw nVw Zhr S>mbr {g[a g^Zm naYmZmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 436)

H$[a {H$anm K[a AmBAm Amno {_{bAm AmBŸ&&Jwa g~Xr gmbmhrEo a§Jo gh{O gw mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)

V~ bJw _hbw Z nmB©Eo O~ bJw Z gmMw Z Mr{VŸ&&g~{X an¡ Ké nmB©Eo {Za~mUr nXw Zr{VŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)

Bhþ _Z g~{X Z o{XAmo {H$C hmod¡ Ka dmgwŸ&&_Z_wIrAm XmohmJUr AmdU Om{U _wB©AmgwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1416)

Jwa àgmXr doIw Vy h[a _§Xé Voa¡ Zm{bŸ&&h[a _§Xé g~Xo ImoOrEo h[a Zm_mo bohþ gåhm{bŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1346)

32. Ord gM _| g_mVm h¡gmM¡ g~{X aVo OZ gmMo h[a à{^ Am{n {_bmEŸ&&Jwa H$s ~mUr g~{X nN>mVr gm{M aho {bd bmEŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1155)

h[a OrC gmMm gmMr ZmB©Ÿ&& JwanagmXr {H$g¡ {_bmB©Ÿ&&Jwa g~{X {_b{h go {~Nw>‹S>{h Zmhr ghOo g{M g_md{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 123)

hþH$_o ~mYm H$ma H$_mBŸ&& EH$ g~{X amM¡ g{M g_mB©Ÿ&&(_bma _. 1, 1275)

{Og{h ~wPmE gmoB© ~yP¡ {OgZmo Amno bE {_bmEŸ&&AZ{XZw ~mUr g~Xo Jm§d¡ gm{M ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1259)

33. OJV _| O¡-O¡ H$ma hmoVr h¡H$aZ H$amdZ h[a A§VaOm_r OZ AnwZo H$s amI¡Ÿ&&O¡ O¡ H$mé hmoVw OJ ^rV[a g~Xw Jwê$ agw MmI¡Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 5, 630)

eãX 157


34. _m{bH$ go {_bmn hmoVm h¡g~{X Jwê$ ^dgmJé VarE BV CV EH$mo OmU¡Ÿ&&{MhZw daZw Zhr N>mBAm _mBAm ZmZH$ g~Xw nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 944)Jwa_w{I _bma amJw Omo H$a{h {VZ _Zw VZw grVbw hmoBŸ&&Jwa g~Xr EHw$ nN>m{UAm EH$mo gMm gmoBŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1285)EH$mo H$aVm Adé Z H$moBŸ&& Jwa g~Xr _obmdm hmoBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1174)EH$mo h[a a{dAm ò~ WmBŸ&& Jwa g~Xr {_brEo _oar _mBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 4, 1177)EH$g _{h g w OJVmo daV¡ {dabm EHw$ nN>mU¡Ÿ&&g~{X _a¡ Vmo g w {H$Nw> gyP¡ AZ{XZw EH$mo OmU¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234){O{Z {JAmZw H$sAm {Vgw h[a Vy OmZwŸ&&gmM g~{X à w EHw$ {gÄmmUwŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1174)gVJwa H$s godm JmI‹S>r {gé XrO¡ Amnw JdmBŸ&&g~{X _{b{h Vm h[a {_b¡ godm nd¡ g^ WmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)JUV gar[a nra h¡ h[a {~Zw Jwa g~Xr h[a nmB©Ÿ&&hmohþ XBAmbw H¥$nm H$[a h[a OrC h[a {gC ahm§ g_mB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232){_Ì KUoao H$[a WH$s _oam XwIw H$mQ>¡ H$moBŸ&&{_{b àrV_ XwIw H${Q>Am g~{X {_bmdm hmoB©Ÿ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 37)OrAm A§X[a OrC g~{X h¡ {OVw gh _obmdm hmoBŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ O{J AmÝhoé h¡ g~Xo naJQw> hmoBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1250)Jwa g~{X grJmarAm VZw _Zw {na H¡$ nm{gŸ&&XwB H$a Omo{‹S> I‹S>r VH¡$ gMw H$h¡ AaXm{gŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 54)gVJwa H$m gMw g~Xw H$_mdhþŸ&& {Wé K[a ~¡R>o à w AnZm nmdhþŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 386)JwU {ZYmZ Voam A§Vw Z nmBAmŸ&& gmM g~{X VwP _m{h g_mBAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1342)_oao am_ _¡ h[a {~Zw Adé Z H$moBŸ&&g{VJwé gMw à w {Za_bm g~{X {_bmdm hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)Oohm g{VJwé H$C Om{UAm Vohmo Oohm gwIw hmoBŸ&&Ehþ ghgm _ybo Zmhr ^mC bmE OZw H$moBŸ&&ZmZH$ EH$ Omo{V XwB _yaVr g~{X {_bmdm hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 30)OVw gVw g§O_w Zm_w h¡ {dUw Zmd¡ {Za_bw Zm hmoBŸ&&nya¡ ^m{J Zm_w _{Z dg¡ g~{X {_bmdm hmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ ghOo hr a§{J daXVm h[a JwU nmd¡ gmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)

AZ{XZw Zm_o a{VAm XwIw {~{IAm {dMhþ OmBŸ&&ZmZH$ g~{X {_bmd‹S>m Zm_o Zm{_ g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)gM¡ g~{X _Zw _mo{hAm à{^ Amno bE {_bmBŸ&&AZ{XZw Zm_o a{VAm Omo{V Omo{V g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35){OZr gMw nN>m{UAm g{M aVo âny[aŸ&&Jwa g~Xr _Zw ~o{YAm à w {_{bAm Am{n hXy[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 37)gXm h[a gMw _{Z dg¡ {ZhMb _{V AnméŸ&&aVZw A_mobHw$ nmBAm Jwa H$m g~Xw ~rMméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 83)KK¡ Kmb godHw$ Oo Kmb¡ g~{X Jwê$ Ho$ bm{J ah¡Ÿ&&~wam ^bm Oo g_ H$[a OmU¡ BZ {~{Y gm{h~w a_Vw ah¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 432)J{ha J§ ra gmJa aVZmJa Ada Zhr AZ nyOmŸ&&g~Xw ~rMm[a â_ ^C §OZw Adé Z Om{ZAm XyOmŸ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1233)CnmB {H$V¡ Z nmB©Eo h[a H$a_ {~YmVmŸ&&Jwa g~Xr h[a _{Z dg¡ h[a ghOo OmVmŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 510)g w A§VaOm_r ~«h_w h¡ ~«h_w dg¡ g^ WmBŸ&&_§Xm {H$gZmo AmIrEo g~{X doIhþ {bd bmBŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 757)g{VJwa go{d gXm gwIw nmBAm h[a d[aAm _§{Z _wamaoŸ&&ZmZH$ _o{b bB© Jw[a AnwZ¡ Jwa H¡$ g~{X gdmaoŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 772)_Z_w{I OZ_w JdmBAm PyR>¡ bmb{M Hy$[aŸ&&ZmZH$ ~I{g {_bmBAZw gM¡ g~{X hXy[aŸ&&

({~bmdb dma _. 3, 854)Ow{J Ow{J ^JVm H$s aIXm AmBXmŸ&&X¡V nwÌw àhbmXw JmBÌr VanUw {H$Ny> Z OmU¡ g~Xo _o{b {_bmBAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1133)dS>m XmVm {VZw Z V_mBŸ&& ZmZH$ {_brEo g~Xw H$_mBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1174)h[a OrC Amno bohþ {_bmBŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X gMw Zm{_ g_mBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1176)Jwa g~Xr h[a Mo{V gw mBŸ&& am_ am_ a{g ah¡ AKmBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1175)AdJU N>moS>C JwUm H$_mBŸ&& Jwa g~Xr amVm g{M g_mBŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1188)nyaZ na_ Omo{V na_oga àrV_ àmZ h_maoŸ&&_mohZ _mo{h brAm _Zw _oam g_P{g g~Xw ~rMmaoŸ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1197)

_oam à w gmMm XyI {ZdmaUw g~Xo nmBAm OmB©Ÿ&&^JVr amVo gX ~¡amJr X[a gmM¡ n{V nmB©Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1260)

Amno H$aVm AJ_ AWmhmŸ&& Jwa g~Xr OnrEo gMw bmhmŸ&&(_bma _. 3, 1261)

Omo {H$Nw> H$sZmo gw à w aOmBŸ&& Omo Yw[a {b{IAm gw _oQ>Um Z OmBŸ&&hþH$_o ~mYm H$ma H$_mB©Ÿ&& EH$ g~{X amM¡ g{M g_mBŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1283)Vy JwU XmVm {ZYmZw h[a Agr AdJ{UAmaŸ&&{Ogw ~Igo gmo nmBgr Jwa g~Xr drMméŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1284)hC {H$Am AmIm BH$ Or^ Voam A§Vw Z {H$Zhr nmBAmŸ&&gMm g~Xw drMm[a go VwPhr _m{h g_mBAmŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1290)OZ_ OZ_ H$s hC_¡ _bw bmJr {_br g§J{V _bw b{h Omd¡JmoŸ&&{OC bmohm V[aAmo g§{J H$mgQ> b{J g~{X Jwê$ h[a nmd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1309)g~{X _a¡ gmo _wAm Omn¡Ÿ&& Jwa nagmXr h[a a{g Y«mn¡Ÿ&&h[a XaJ{h Jwa g~{X {gÄmmn¡Ÿ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1418)h[a J{ha J§ ra JwUr Jhré Jwa H¡$ g~{X nN>m{ZAmŸ&&~hþ {~{Y H$a_ H$a{h ^mB XyO¡ {~Zw g~X¡ ~Cam{ZAmŸ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234)MrZ¡ {JAmZw {YAmZw YZw gmMm¡ EH$ g~{X nN>m{ZAmŸ&&{Zamb§~w {Zamhmé {ZhHo$dbw {Za^C Vm‹S>r bmd¡Ÿ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1332)g~Xo _Zw VZw {Za_bw hmoAm h[a d{gAm _{Z AmB©Ÿ&&g~Xw Jwa XmVm {OVw _Zw amVm h[a {gC a{hAm g_mB©Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 601)_moh{Z _mo{h brAm _Zw _mo{hŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X nN>mZm Vmo{hŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 1, 1187)Jwa_w{I H$m_{U ~{UAm grJméŸ&& g~Xo {né am{IAm CaYm[aŸ&&

(_bma _. 3, 1277)AVwbw {H$C VmobrEo {dUw Vmobo nmBAm Z OmBŸ&&Jwa H¡$ g~{X drMmarEo JwU _{h ah¡ g_mBŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1282)h[a Or gyI_w AJ_w h¡ {H$Vw {~{Y {_{bAm OmBŸ&&Jwa Ho$ g~{X «_w H$Q>rEo AqMVw dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 756)gm{h~w _oam gXm h¡ {Xg¡ g~Xw H$_mB©Ÿ&&Amohþ AChmUr H$Xo Zm{h Z Amd¡ Z OmBŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 509){~Zw g~X¡ O{J AmÝhoé h¡ g~Xo naJQw> hmoBŸ&&n{S>V _moZr n{‹S> n{‹S> WHo$ oI VZw YmoBŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ {H$Z¡ Z nmBAmo XwIrE Mbo amoBŸ&&ZmZH$ ZXar nmB©Eo H$a{_ namn{V hmoBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1250)

{~Zw Jwa ZrX Z AmdB© XwIr a¡{U {dhmBŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ {né Z nmB©Eo {~aWm OZ_w JdmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 31)

Iw{YAm V¥gZm qZXm ~war H$m_w H«$moYw {dH$ambwŸ&&EZr AIr ZX[a Z AmdB© {OMé g~{X Z H$ao ~rMméŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 3, 1279)g~{X {_bo go gyMmMmar gmMr XaJh _mZoŸ&&AZ{XZw Zm{_ aV{Z {bd bmJo Ow{J Ow{J gm{M g_mZoŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1332)

10. eãX {dhrZ Ho$ Xmof

1. ew^-AmMaU Zht ~ZVm{~Zw g~X¡ AmMmé Z {H$Zhr nmBAmŸ&&Jwa_w{I AmoA§H$m[a g{M g_mBAmŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 3, 1285)

2. Xw…I àmá hmoVm h¡Y¥Jw OrdUw XmohmJUr _wR>r XyO¡ ^mBŸ&&H$ba Ho$ar H§$Y {OC A{h{Z{g {H$[a T>{h nmBŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ gwIw Zm WrEo {na {~Zw XwIw Z OmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 18){~Zw g~X¡ OJw XwIrAm {\$a¡ _Z_wIm Zmo JB© ImBŸ&&g~Xo Zm_w {YAmB©Eo g~Xo g{M g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 67)

3. Ord _hb Zht nmVm (_m{bH$ Ho$ Xa~ma _| Zht nhþ±MVm), Jwé Ho$ Ûma na emo^m Zht XoVm VWm gX¡d ^«_m| _| ahVm h¡A§Va H$s J{V Jwa_w{I OmU¡Ÿ&& gmM eãX {~Zw _hbw Z nN>mU¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)g{^ ag ^moJU ~m{X h{h g{^ gtJma {dH$maŸ&&O~ bJw g~{X Z oXrEo {H$C gmoh¡ Jwa XwAm[aŸ&&ZmZH$ Y§Zw gwhmJZr {OZ gh Zm{b {nAméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 19)ACJwU {\$[a bmJy Ê Hy$[a dOmd¡ VyéŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ â_mB©Eo Xw{~Ym S>mo~o nyéŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 19)

4. Mm¡amgr Ho$ OÝ_-_aU H$m MŠH$a ~Zm ahVm h¡Ehþ _Zmo _yaIw bmo rAm bmo o bJm bw mZwŸ&&g~{X Z ^rO¡ gmH$Vm Xwa_{V AmdZw OmZwŸ&&gmYw gVJwa Oo {_b¡ Vm nmB©Eo JwUr {ZYmZwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 21)_Z_wI _¡b¡ _bw âo hC_¡ V¥gZm {dH$méŸ&&{~Zw g~Xo _¡bw Z CVa¡ _[a O§_{h hmoB IwAméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)~hþ OmoZr ^CXm {\$a¡ {OC§ gw±Äm¡ K[a H$mCŸ&&Jwa_Vr K{Q> MmZUm g~{X {_b¡ h[a ZmCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 30)_Z ao g~{X Vahþ {MVw bmBŸ&&{O{Z Jwa_w{I Zm_w Z ~y{PAm _[a OZ_¡ Amd¡ OmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 19)

eãX 159


Omo OmJo go C~ao gyVo JE _whmBŸ&&gMm g~Xw Z nN>m{UAmo gwnZm JBAm {dhmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 34)

5. Ord ^ybm| _| ^Q>H$mVm h¡, `_ H$m XÊS> ghVm h¡ Am¡a ZaH$m| _| OmVm h¡_Z _oao Jwa g~Xr nmBAm OmBŸ&&{~Zw g~Xo OJw wbXm {\$aXm XaJh {_b¡ gOmBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 600)g~{X _a¡ gmo _[a ah¡ {\$[a _a¡ Z XyOr dmaŸ&&g~X¡ hr Vo nmB©Eo h[a Zm_o bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ OJw ybm {\$a¡ _[a OZ_¡ dmamo dmaŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 58)~mah _{h amdb I{n Omd{h Mhþ {N>A _{h g§{ZAmgrŸ&&OmoJr H$mn‹S>rAm {ga IyWo {~Zw g~X¡ J{b \$mgrŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1332)A{h{Z{g qZXm Vm{V namB© {haX¡ Zm_w Z ga~ XBAmŸ&&{~Zw Jwa g~X Z J{V n{V nmd{h am_ Zm_ {~Zw Za{H$ JmBAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 906)A§_¥V H$m agw {dabr nmBAm g{VJwa _o{b {_bmEŸ&&O~ bJw g~X oXw Zhr AmBAm V~ bJw H$mbw g§VmEŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1126){~Zw g~X¡ OJVw ~a{bAm H$hUm H$Ny> Z OmBŸ&&hra amIo go C~ao aho {bd bmBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 1417)g~Xw Jwa nram J{ha J§ ram {~Zw g~X¡ OJw ~CamZ§Ÿ&&nyam ~¡amJr gh{O gw mJr gMw ZmZH$ _Zw _mZ§Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 1, 635)h[a J{ha J§ ré JwUr Jhré Jwa Ho$ g~{X nN>m{ZAmŸ&&~hþ {~{Y H$a_ H$a{h mB XyO¡ {~Zw g~X¡ ~Cam{ZAmŸ&&

(gma§J _. 3, 1234)

6. OÝ_ ì`W© OmVm h¡{~Zw Jwa ZrX Z AmdB© XwIr a¡{U {dhmBŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ {né Z nmB©Eo {~aWm OZ_w JdmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 31)

{~Zw g~X¡ _wAm h¡ g w H$moBŸ&& _Z_wIw _wAm AnwZm OZ_w ImoBŸ&&(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1418)

7. »dmar Am¡a _mohVmOr ~Zr ahVr h¡gVJwê$ {H$Am {\$Q>{H$Am _§{J WHo$ g§gm[aŸ&&gMm g~Xw Z go{dAmo g{^ H$mO gdmaUhméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 34)

gVJwé nwaIw Z _§{ZAmo g~{X Z bJmo {nAméŸ&&BgZmZw XmZw OoVm H$a{h XyO¡ ^mB IwAméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 34)g~Xw {dgma{Z {VZm R>Cé Z R>mCŸ&&^«{_ ^ybo {OC gw±Äm¡ K[a H$mCŸ&&hbVw nbVw {VZr Xmod¡ JdmE XwIo Xw{I {dhmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 123)

8. Ord _m`m, V¥îUm Am¡a {dH$mam| _| \±$gm ahVm h¡{~Zw g{VJwa _wH${V Z nmB©Eo _Z_w{I {\$a¡ {XdmZwŸ&&g~Xw Z MrZ¡ H$WZr ~XZr H$ao {~{IAm _m{h g_mZwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 39)Jwa H$m g~Xw {dgm[aAm XyO¡ ^mB aM{ZŸ&&{VgZm wI Z CVa¡ AZ{XZw ObV {\$a{ZŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 755)9. AkmZ Am¡a A§YH$ma ahVm h¡~mPw Jwê$ Jw~mé h¡ {~Zw g~X¡ ~yP Z nmBŸ&&Jwa_Vr naJmgw hmoB g{M ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 55)~hao H$aZ AH${b ^B© hmoN>r g~X ghOw Zhr ~y{PAmŸ&&OZ_w nXmaWw _Z_w{I h[aAm {~Zw Jwa A§Yw Z gy{PAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1126)qg_¥V gmgÌ n‹S>{h _w{Z Ho$Vo {~Zw g~X¡ gwa{V Z nmB©Ÿ&&Ì¡ JwU g o amo{J {dAmno __Vm gwa{V JdmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1130)OJVw CnmB VwYw Y§Y¡ bmBAm y§S>r H$ma H$_mB©Ÿ&&OZ_w nXmaWw OyEo hm[aAm ~gX¡ gwa{V Z nmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1155)_Z_wI ~mobo A§Ywbo {Vgw _{h AJZr H$m dmgwŸ&&~mUr gwa{V Z ~wPZr g~{X Z H$a{h àJmgwŸ&&AmoZm AmnUr AX§[a gw{Y Zhr Jwa ~M{Z Z H$a{h {dgmgwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1415){~Zw g~X¡ gwYw Z hmodB© Oo AZoH$ H$a¡ gtJmaŸ&&{na H$s gma Z OmUB© XyO¡ ^mB {nAméŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 651)g~Xw Z OmU{h go A§Zo ~mobo go {H$Vw AmE g§gmamŸ&&h[a agw Z nmBAm {~aWm OZ_w JdmBAm O§_{h dmamo dmamŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 601){~Zw g~X¡ Amnw Z OmnB© g^ A§Yr ^mB©Ÿ&&Jwa_Vr K{Q> MmZUm Zm_w A{V gImB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)

eãX Xmo àH$ma H$m h¡, EH$ "AmhV' Am¡a Xygam"AZmhV'Ÿ& AmhV dh eãX h¡ Omo Xmo dñVwAm| Ho$ EH${ÌV hmoZogo CËnÝZ hmoŸ& ~mha Ho$ g~ eãX BgHo$ Xmào _| AmVo h¢Ÿ&AZmhV dh eãX h¡ Omo "hV' go a{hV h¡ VWm {H$gr H$m_mohVmO Zht, {H$gr na {Z ©a ZhtŸ& _wgb_mZ µ\$H$sa Bgo"AZhX' H$hH$a nwH$maVo h¢, do H$hVo h¢ {H$ EH$ H$^r ZQy>Q>Zo dmbm bJmVma H$bm_ (Üd{Z) gwZmB© XoVm h¡ Omo µ\$ZmhhmoZo dmbm Zht h¡Ÿ&

{~eZdr `H$ H$bm_o bm_µH$VyAŸ&AµO hXygmo µ\$Zm ~dX _aµ\y$AŸ&Aìdbmo Amãe My§ ~ohV ewXŸ&µOm± g~~ Zm_o D$ AZhX ewXŸ&

(emh {Z`mµO)

AWm©V², Vy EH$ bJmVma H$bm_ H$mo gwZoJm Omo µ\$Zmh(Zída) H$s gr_mAm| go _wº$ h¡Ÿ& Omo Aìdb d Am{Ia (Am{XAm¡a AÝV) Z hmoZo H$s dOh go ~o-hX (Agr_) h¡, Bg{b oCgH$m Zm_ "AZhX' (hX Ho$ ~µJ¡a) hþAmŸ&

_m{bH$-Hw$b AeãX h¡, dh gånyU© g¥{ï> H$m amOm h¡Ÿ&dhm± eãX Jwá h¡…

ga~ WmZ H$mo amOmŸ& Vh AZhX g~X AJmOmŸ&&(gmoa{R> _. 5, 621)

_m{bH$ H$s H$moB© ê$n-aoIm Zht, dh AZhX hmoH$aàH$Q> hmoVm h¡…

{Vgw ê$n Z aoI AZmhXw dmO¡ g~Xw {Za§O{Z H$sAmŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 351)

CgHo$ (AZhX eãX Ho$) AÝXa àH$me h¡ Am¡a CggoÜd{Z CËnÝZ hmoVr h¡…ghO Jw\$m _{h AmgUw ~m{YAmŸ&& Omo{V gê$n AZmhXw dm{OAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 370)

Yw{Z dmOo AZhX KmoamŸ&& _Zw _m{ZAm h[a a{g _moamŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 879)

`h AZhX Üd{Z {ZË` hmo ahr h¡, `h AIÊS> h¡…AZhV Yw{Z dmO{h {ZV dmOo h[a A§_¥V Yma a{g br‹S>mŸ&&

(O¡Vgar _. 4, 698)

AZhX g~Xw dO¡ {XZw amVrŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 904)

AZhX H$s YwZ A{V ag Xm`H$ h¡ Omo H$WZ _| ZhtAm gH$Vr …

A{ZH$ AZmhX AmZÝX PwZH$maŸ&& CAm ag H$m H$Nw> A§Vw Z nmaŸ&&(gma§J _. 5, 1236)

_m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na AZoH$ eãX ~O aho h¢…OZ_ OZ_ Ho$ XyI {ZdmaoŸ&& AZhX g~X dOo Xa~maoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1137)

Xod gWmZ¡ {H$Am ZrgmUrŸ&& Vh ~mOo g~X AZmhX ~mUrŸ&&(am_H$br ~oUr Or, 974)

`h AZhX eãX KQ>-KQ> Ho$ AÝXa JJZ _| h¡…X[a dmO{h AZhVX dmOo am_Ÿ&& K{Q> K{Q> h[a Jmoq~Xw JmOo am_Ÿ&&

(dS>h§g _. 5, 578)

ah¡ JJZ nw[a Ñg{Q> g_¡ g[a AZhX g~{X a§JrUmŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 907)

`{X gwaV Zm¡¡ Ûmam| go hQ> H$a Xgd| Ûma _| Am o VmoAZhX gwZm Om gH$Vm h¡…

ZC X[a R>mHo$ YmdVw ahmEŸ&& Xgd¡ {ZO K[a dmgm nmEŸ&&AmoW¡ AZhX g~X dO{h {XZw amVr Jwa_Vr g~Xw gwUmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 124)

_y±{X brE XadmOoŸ& ~mOrAbo AZhX ~mOoŸ&&(gmoa{R> H$~ra Or, 653)

^mB© JwaXmg Or ^r AZhX H$m dU©Z H$aVo h¢…e~X gwa{V {bd brU hmoB AZhX YwZ YramŸ&&

(dma 19, nC‹S>r 8)

e~X gya{V {bd bmB AZhX dmBAmŸ&&(dma 19, nC‹S>r 21)

AZhX eãX hr nyU© kmZ Ü`mZ h¡Ÿ& dh h[a H$s H$Wmh¡ {OgHo$ ldU Ûmam Ord H$m H$ë`mU hmoVm h¡…{JAmZ {YAmZ nyaZ na_ogwa h[a h[a H$Wm {ZV gwUrEo am_Ÿ&&

AZhX MmoO ^JV ^d §OZ AZhX dmOo YwZrEo am_Ÿ&&(gyhr _. 5, 783)

AZhX eãX AMaO h¡Ÿ& `h h_mao {dMmam| Ûmam Zht{_bVm, `h Jwé-{dMma Ûmam hr àmá hmo gH$Vm h¡; `h nyU©Jwé H$m nyU© àgmX h¡…

AZhO g~{X gwhmdUo nmB©Eo Jwa drMm[aŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 21)

AZhX g~{X AMaO {~g_mXŸ&& Jwé nyam nyam na_mXŸ&&(^¡aC _. 5, 1143)

H$hþ ZmZH$ {Ogw g{VJwé nyamŸ&& dmOo VmH¡$ AZhX VyamŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 393)

AZhX AWdm AZhX eãX

161


na_mË_m go {_bmn H$m gmYZ AZhX eãX h¡ Am¡a BgHo$àH$Q> hmoZo na AmË_m na_mË_m H$m ag àmá H$aVr h¡…

AZhV dmOo dO{h Ka _{h {na g§{J goO {dN>mB©Ÿ&&{~Zd§{V ZmZHw$ gh{O ah¡ h[a {_{bAm H§$Vw gwIXmB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 247)

Jwé_wI hmoH$a hr AZhX eãX ~Om`m Om gH$Vm h¡, `h_Z_wI H$m H$m_ Zht…{V{Z H$aV¡ BHo$ MbVw CnmBAmŸ&& AZhX ~mUr g~Xw gwUmBAmŸ&&_Z_w{I ybo Jwa_w{I ~wPmBAmŸ&& H$maUw H$aVm H$aXm AmBAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1154)

AZhX Ho$ Aä`mg Ûmam nmn, _¡b d g~ Vmn Xya hmoVoh¢, OÝ_-OÝ_m§Vam| Ho$ Xw…Im| go {Zd¥{V hmoH$a AmZÝX Am¡agwI H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡, «_ Am¡a ^` H$m Zme hmoVm h¡, Anyd©AmZÝX H$s pñW{V hmoVr h¡ VWm {ZO-Ka _| dmg {_bVm h¡Ÿ&_hmË_mAm| H$s ê$h| {nÊS> H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a eãX _| brZ hmo OmVrh¢Ÿ& AZhX _m{bH$ H$m àgmX h¡, Ywa Ho$ boI hmoZo na JwéHo$ Ûmam BgH$s àm{á hmoVr h¡Ÿ& Bg ~mao _| nmR>H$ OZ AmJo{X o J o JwédmUr Ho$ à_mUm| _| n‹T>|Ÿ&

AZhX AWdm AZhXeãX

1. _m{bH$ Hw$b gmar aMZm H$m amOm h¡, dhm±AZhX eãX Jwá h¡

ga~ WmZ H$mo amOmŸ&& Vh AZhX g~ AJmOmŸ&&(gmoa{R> _. 5, 621)

2. _m{bH$-Hw$b H$s ê$n-aoIm Hw$N> Zht, dh AZhXhmoH$a àH$Q> hmoVm h¡ VWm CgHo$ AÝXa YwZ h¡

H$a_ H$aVy{V ~o{b {~gWmar am_ Zm_w \$bw hÿAmŸ&&{Vgw ê$nw Z aoI AZmhXw dmO¡ g~Xw {Za§O{Z H$sAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 351)

IgQ>r IQw> XagZ à^ gmOoŸ&& AZhX g~Xw {Zambm dmOoŸ&&({~bmdb _. 1, 839)

H¡$gr AmaVr hmoB© dI§S>Zm Voar AmaVr AZhVm g~X dmO§V oarŸ&&(YZmgar _. 1, 663)

A~aZ ~aZ {gC _Z hr àr{VŸ&& hC_¡ Jmd{Z Jmd{h JrVŸ&&AZhX g~X hmoV PwZH$maŸ&& {Oh nC‹T>o à^ òr JmonmbŸ&&

(^¡aC H$~ra Or, 1162)

nyao Jwa Vo _hbw nmBAm n{V naJQw> bmoB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ AZhX Yw{Z X[a dOXo {_{bAm h[a gmoB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1248)

Yw{Z dmOo AZhX KmoamŸ&& _Zw _m{ZAm h[a a{g _moamŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 879)

~mOo AZhX ~mOmŸ&&ag{H$ ag{H$ JwU Jmd{h h[a OZ AnZ¡ JwaXo{d {ZdmOmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 892)

{OZ H$C H¥$nm H$ar gwI XmVoŸ&& {VZ gmYy MaU b¡ [aX¡ namVoŸ&&gJb Zm_ {ZYmZw {VZ nmBAm AZhX g~X _{Z dmO§JmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 5, 1083)

n§M gIr {_{b _§Jbw JmBAmŸ&& AZhX ~mUr ZmXw dOmBAmŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 375)

Mo{V AMoV _y‹S> _Z _oao ~mOo AZhO ~mOmŸ&&H${h H$~ra g§gm «_w MwH$mo Y«y à{hbmX {ZdmOmŸ&&

({~bmdb H$~ra Or, 856){V{Z H$aV¡ BHw$ MbVw CnmBAmŸ&& AZhX ~mUr g~nXw gwUmBAmŸ&&_Z_w{I ybo Jwa_w{I ~wPmBAmŸ&& H$maUw H$aVm H$aXm AmBAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1154)X[a dmO{h AZhV dmOo am_Ÿ&& K{Q> K{Q> h[a Jmoq~Xw JmOo am_Ÿ&&

(dS>h§g _. 5, 578)gV g§J{V gmY nmB© dS>^mJr _Zw MbVm¡ ^BAmo Aê$‹S>mŸ&&AZhV Yw{Z dmO{h {ZV dmOo h[a A§_¥V Yma a{g br‹S>mŸ&&

(O¡Vgar _. 4, 698)AZhX WwZr gX dOXo CZ_{Z h[a {bd bmBŸ&&ZmZH$ h[a^J{V {VZm H¡$ _{Z dg¡ {OZ _gV{H$ {b{IAm Yw[a nmBŸ&&

({gar amJw dma _. 3, 91)Jwa_wIm Zmo n§Ww naJQ>m X[a R>mH$ Z H$moB© nmBŸ&&h[a Zm_w gbmh{Z Zm_w _{Z Zm{_ ah{Z {bdbmBŸ&&AZhX YZr X[a dOXo X[a gM¡ gmo m nmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 42)^mJ gwbIUm h[a H§$Vw h_mam am_Ÿ&&AZhX ~m{OÌm {Vgw Yw{Z Xa~mam am_Ÿ&&

({~bmdb _. 5, 846)OZ_ OZ_ Ho$ XyI {ZdmaoŸ&& AZhX g~X dOo Xa~maoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1137)Xod gWmZ¡ {H$Am ZrgmUrŸ&& Vh ~mOo g~X AZmhX ~mUrŸ&&

(am_H$br ~oUr, 974)

3. AZhX eãX gM H$m _§Jb JmVm h¡AZhX g~Xw gwhmdmŸ&& gMw _§Jbw h[a Ogw JmdmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 778)

4. AZhX eãX AIÊS> Am¡a ânya h¡AZhX g~Xw dO¡ {XZw amVrŸ&& A{dJV H$s J{V Jwa_w{I OmVrŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 904)

{Za^C H¡$ Ka ~Omd{h VyaŸ&& AZhX ~O{h gXm ânyaŸ&&(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 971)

5. AZhX à w H$m CX²JrV h¡gmo{hb‹S>m à^ gmo{hb‹S>m AZhX YwZrEo gmo{hb‹S>mŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 924)

6. CgHo$ AÝXa Á`mo{V h¡ {Og_| go eãX{ZbH$Vm h¡

Oh {P{b {_{b H$mé {Xg§VmŸ&& Vh AZhX g~X ~O§VmŸ&&(gmoa{R> Zm_Xod Or, 657)

Oh AZhV gya CÁ`mamŸ&& Vh XrnH$ Ob¡ N>§N>mamŸ&&(gmoa{R> Zm_Xod Or, 657)

AZhX dmOo Yw{Z dOXo Jwa g~{X gwUrO¡Ÿ&&{VVw KQ> A§V[a MmZUm H$[a ^J{V {_brO¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 3, 954)ghO Jw\$m _{h AmgUw ~m{YAmŸ&& Omo{V gê$n AZmhXw dm{OAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 370)àJ{Q>Amo Om{V ghO gmo m ~mOo AZhV ~mZrŸ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ {ZhMb Ké ~m{YAmo Jwa {H$Amo ~§YmZrŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 5, 672)

7. _m{bH$ go {_bZo H$m gmYZ AZhX eãX h¡~rUm g~Xw dOmd¡ OmoJr Xag{Z ê${n AnmamŸ&&g~{X AZmh{X gmo ghþ amVm ZmZHw$ H$h¡ {dMmamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 351)AZhV ~mUr Jwa g~{X OmUr h[a Zm_w h[a agw ^moJmoŸ&&H$h¡ ZmZHw$ à w Am{n {_{bAm H$aU H$maU OmoJmoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 921)AZhV dmOo dO{h Ka _{h {na g§{J goO {dN>mB©Ÿ&&{~Zd§{V ZmZ_w gh{O ah¡ h[a {_{bAm H§$Vw gwIXmB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 247)h[a hao h[a JwU Jmdhþ h[a Jwa_wIo nmE am_Ÿ&&AZ{XZmo g~{X adhþ AZhX g~X dOmE am_Ÿ&&AZhX g~X dOmE h[a OrC K[a AmE h[a JwU Jmdhþ ZmarŸ&&AZ{XZw ^J{V H$a{h Jwa AmJ¡ gmYZ H§$V {nAmarŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 770)

8. AZhX eãX à w H$s XmV h¡, {Ogo Ywa go{bIm h¡ Cgo hr {_bVm h¡

AZhX Yw{Z dmO{h {ZV dmOo JmB© g{VJwa ~mUrŸ&&ZmZH$ Xm{V H$ar à{^ XmV¡ OmoVr Omo{V g_mUrŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 442)AZhX YwZr gX dOXo CZ_{Z h[a {bd bmBŸ&&ZmZH$ h[a J{V {VZm Ho$ _{Z dg¡ {OZ _gV{H$ {b{IAm Yw[a nmB©Ÿ&&

({gar amJw dma 3, 91)

9. AZhX eãX AÝVa-JJZ _| h¡ah¡ JJZ nw[a Ñg{Q> g_¡g[a AZhV g~{X a§JrUmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 907)Jwa H$m g~Xw _oa¡ A§V[a {YAmZwŸ&& hC H$~hþ Z N>moS>C h[a H$m Zm_wŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1154)

10. Zm¡ Ûma ~ÝX H$aZo na dh Xgd| Ûma _| {_bVm h¡ZC X[a R>mHo$ YmdVw ahmEŸ&& Xgd¡ {ZOK[a dmgm nmEŸ&&AmoW¡ AZhX g~X dO{h {XZw amVr Jwa_Vr g~Xw gwUmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 124)

_y{X brE XadmOoŸ&& ~mOrAbo AZhX ~mOoŸ&&(gmoa{R> H$~ra Or, 656)

ZC ga gw a Xgd¡ nyaoŸ&& AZhV gw§Z dOmd{h VyaoŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 943)

A{XgQw> AJmoMé nma~«h_w {_{b gmYw AH$Ww H$WmBAm WmŸ&&AZhX g~Xw Xg_ XwAm[a d{OAmo Vh A§_¥V Zm_w MwAmBAm WmŸ&&

(§_mê$ _. 5, 1002)A§_¥V agw g{VJwê$ MwAmBAmŸ&& Xgd¡ XwAm[a àJQw> hmoB AmBAmŸ&&Vh AZhX g~X dO{h Yw{Z ~mUr ghOo gh{O g_mB© hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 4, 1061)gh{O Jw\$m _{h AmgUw ~m{YAmŸ&& Omo{V gê$n AZmhX dm{OAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 370)

11. AZhX eãX H$s H$_mB© hr kmZ-Ü`mZ h¡{JAmZ {YAmZ nyaZ na_ogwa h[a h[a H$Wm {ZV gwUrEo am_Ÿ&&AZhX MmoO ^JV ^d §OZ AZhX dmOo YwZrEo am_Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 783)

12. AZhX eãX Jwé go àmá hmoVm h¡AZhX g~X AMaO {~g_mXŸ&& Jwé nyam nyam nagmXŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1143)Zm_w Z {dga¡ g§V àgm{XŸ&& Zm_w b¡V AZhX nyao ZmXŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1144)_wBAm {OVw K[a OmB©Eo {VVw Ord{XAm _é _m[aŸ&&AZhX g~{X gwhmdUo nmB©Eo Jwa drMm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 21)~mOo AZhX ~mOmŸ&&ag{H$ ag{H$ JwU Jmd{h h[a OZ AnZ¡ JwaXo{d {ZdmOmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 892)nyao Jwa Vo _hb nmBAm n{V naJQw> bmoB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ AZhX YwZr X[a dOXo {_{bAm h[a gmoB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1248)

AZhX dmOo Yw{Z dOXo Jwa gwUrO¡Ÿ&&{VVw KQ> A§V[a MmZUm H$[a ^J{V {_brO¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 3, 954)

H$hþ ZmZH$ {Ogw g{VJwé nyamŸ&& dmOo Vm H¡$ AZhX VyamŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 393)

g{VJwê$ godo gmo \$bw nmEŸ&& {haX¡ Zm_w {dMhþ Amnw JdmEŸ&&AZhX ~mUr g~Xw dOmEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 231)

13. Jwé_wI hr AZhX eãX ~OmVm h¡{VZw H$aV¡ BHw$ MbVw CnmBAmŸ&& AZhX ~mUr g~Xw gwUmBAmŸ&&_Z_w{I ybo Jwa_w{I ~wPmBAmŸ&& H$maUw H$aVm H$aXm AmBAmŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1154)

Jw_a_w{I bohþ {_bmB OZw nmd¡ Zm_w h[aŸ&&AZhX g~Xw dOmB OmoVr Omo{V Y[aŸ&&

(gyhr dma _. 3, 790)

AZhX AWdm AZhX eãX 163


Jwa_ww{I EH$mo EHw$ nN>mVm Jwa_w{I hmoB bImd¡JmoŸ&&Jwa_w{I OmB {_b¡ {ZO _hbr AZhX g~Xw ~Omd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1310)

AZhX g~Xw dO¡ {XZw amVrŸ&& A{dJV H$s J{V Jwa_w{I OmVrŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 904)

14. \$b

1. AZhX Ho$ AÝXa ag h¡ {OgH$m dU©Z Zht hmo gH$VmA{ZH$ AZmhX AmZ§X PwZH$maŸ&& CAm ag H$m H$Nw> A§Vw Z nmaŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1236)

2. AZhX eãX _Z H$mo _moh boVm h¡; _Z H$mo {Q>H$m H$a brZ H$aVm h¡ Am¡a empÝV VWm erVbVm àXmZ H$aVm h¡dmO¡ AZhXw _oam _Zw brUmŸ&& Jwa ~MZr g{M Zm{_ nVrUmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 903)

g{VJwa H¡$ OZ_o JdZw {_Q>mBAmŸ&& AZh{V amVo Bhþ _Zw bmBAmŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 940)

AZhXmo AZhXw dmO¡ éU PwU H$mao am_Ÿ&&_oam _Zmo _oam _Zw amVm bmb {nAmao am_Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 436)

AZhX gw{U _m{ZAm g~Xw drMmarŸ&& AmV_w MrpÝh Ê {Za§H$marŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 415)

_mB© ar no{I ahr {~g_mXŸ&&AZhX YwZr _oam _Zw _mo{hAmo AMaO VmHo$ ñdmXŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1226)

Jwa~mUr gwZV Voam _Zw Ð{dAm _Zw ^rZm {ZO K[a Amd¡JmoŸ&&Vh AZhX Yw{Z ~mO{h {ZV ~mOo ZrPa Yma MwAmd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1308)

AZh{V bmbm ~o{YAm à^ ho{V {nAmarŸ&&{~Zw gmMo OrC O{b ~bC PyR>o doH$marŸ&&~m{X H$mam g{^ N>moS>rAm gmMr Vé VmarŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1011)

Ñg{Q> ^B© V~ ^rV[a AmBAmo _oam _Zw AZ{XZw grVbm{JAmoŸ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ a{g _J§b JmE g~Xw AZmhXw ~m{OAmoŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1204)

Vn{V ~wPr grVb AmKmZo gw{Z AZhX {~g_ Ê {~g_mXŸ&&AZXw ^BAm ZmZH$ _{Z gmMm nyaZ nyao ZmXŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1218)

3. g~ nmn, _¡b Am¡a Vmn Xya hmo OmVo h¢AZhX PwUH$mao VVw ~rMmao g§V Jmog{Q> {ZV hmod¡Ÿ&&h[a Zm_w AamY{h _¡bw g^ H$mQ>{h {H$b{db gJbo Imod¡Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 783)

Vmnw JdmBAm Jw[a nyaoŸ& dmOo AZhX VyaoŸ&&(gmoa{R> _. 5, 626)

4. OÝ_-OÝ_ Ho$ Xw…I Xya hmoVo h¢ VWm AmZÝX H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡agZm Zm_w H$aZ gw{U OrdoŸ&& à^ {g_[a {g_[a A_a {Wé WrdoŸ&&OZ_ OZ_ Ho$ XyI {ZdmaoŸ&& AZhX g~X dOo Xa~maoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1137)

{g_aV EHw$ AMwV A{~Zmgr {~Zgo _mBAm _mXŸ&&ghO AZX AZhX Yw{Z ~mUr ~hþ[a Z Ê {~ImXŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1224)

Yw[a H$a{_ nmBAAm VwYw {OZ H$C {g Zm{_ h[a H¡$ bmJoŸ&&H$h¡ ZmZHw$ Vh gwIw hmoAm {VVw K[a AZhX dmOoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

am_ Zm_w {nAmao g{^ Hw$b CYmao am_ Zm_w _w{I ~mUrŸ&&AmdU OmU aho gwIw nmBAm K[a AZhX gwa{V g_mUrŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 772)

5. ^«_ Am¡a ^` H$m Zme hmoVm h¡AZhXw dmO¡ «_w ^C ^mO¡Ÿ&& gJb {~Am{n a{hAm à w N>mO¡Ÿ&&g^ Voar Vy Jwa_w{I OmVm X[a gmoh¡ JwU JmBXmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1034)

6. {ZO-Ka dmg hmoVm h¡g{VJwé god{h gXm _{Z XmgmŸ&& hC_¡ _m[a H$_bw naJmgmŸ&&AZhXw dmO¡ {ZOK[a dmgmŸ&& Zm{_ aVo Ka _m{h CXmgmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 161)

7. Anyd© AmZÝX H$s hmbV hmoVr h¡AZhX g~X AMaO {~g_mXŸ&& Jwé nyam nyam na_mXŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1143)

n§M g~X Vh nyaZ ZmXŸ&& AZhX ~mOo AMaO {~g_mXŸ&&(am_H$br _. 5, 888)

Vn{V ~wPr grVb AmKmZo gw{Z AZhX {~g_ Ê {~g_mXŸ&&AZXw ^BAm ZmZH$ _{Z gmMm nyaZ nyao ZmXŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1218)

8. _hmË_m H$s ê$h {nÊS> H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a eãX _| a_ OmVr h¡qn{S> _yEo OrC {H$h K[a OmVmŸ&& g~{X AVr{V AZmh{X amVmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r H$~ra Or, 327)

ZmZH$ Am{X A§JX A_a g{VJwa g~{X g_mBACŸ&&YwZ Y§Zw Jwê$ am_Xmg Jwwé {O{Z nmagw na{g {_bmBACŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1407)

AZhX eãX AZoH$ h¢, do Jwé Ho$ Ûmam AÝVa _| àH$Q>hmoVo h¢…A{ZH$ AZmhX AmZ§X PwZH$maŸ&& CAm ag H$m H$Nw> A§Vw Z nmaŸ&&

(gma§J _. 5, 1236)

^mB© JwaXmg Or H$hVo h¢…AZhX ZmX Ag§I gw{U hmoE h¡amU¡Ÿ&&

(dma 13, nC‹S>r 4)

CZ AZoH$ AZhX eãXm| _| nm±M eãX àm_m{UH$ h¢Ÿ&JwédmUr _| BÝht nm±M eãXm| H$m CnXoe h¡…

n§Mo g~X dOo _{V Jwa_{V dS>^mJr AZhXw d{OAmŸ&&(H$mZ‹S>m dma 4, 1315)

n§Mo g~X AZmhX ~mOo g§Jo gm[a¨JnmZrŸ&&H$~ra Xmg Voar AmaVr H$sZr {Za§H$ma {Za~mZrŸ&&

(à^mVr H$~ra Or, 1350)

n§M g~X {Za_mBb ~mOoŸ&& Tw>bHo$ Mda g§I KZ JmOoŸ&&(am_H$br ~oUr Or, 974)

JwédmUr _| Cg _m{bH$ H$mo "n§M-eãXr' ^r H$hm h¡…drdmhþ hmoAm gmo goVr n§M g~Xr AmBAmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 765)

n§M eãX _m{bH$ go CËnÝZ hþE h¢ VWm do Cggo {_bZoHo$ gmYZ h¢…

n§Mm H$m Jwé EHw$ {YAmZwŸ&&(OnwOr, 3)

^mB© JwaXmg Or ~VbmVo h¢ {H$ n§M1 VËdm| H$mo nma H$aZoHo$ níMmV o nm±M eãX gwZmB© XoVo h¢…

n§Oo VÎm Cb§{KAm n§{O gg~X d‚mr dmYmB©Ÿ&&(dma 29, nC‹S>r 6)

na BZ nm±M eãXm| H$mo H$moB© Jwé_wI hr gwaV Ho$ ÛmamgwZVm h¡ VWm BZHo$ ghmao dh dm{hJwé go Om {_bVm h¡…

Jwa_w{I gwZUm gwa{V H$[a n§Me~Xw Jwae~{X Abmn¡Ÿ&&(^mB© JwaXmg, dma 6, nC‹S>r 18)

n§MmBU na_ogamo n§M eãX KZKmoa ZrgmUmŸ&&(dma 7, nC‹S>r 5)

g~ gÝVm| H$m nm±M eãXm| H$m hr CnXoe ahm h¡Ÿ& hm{µ\$µOgm{h~ BZ nm±M eãXm| H$m nm±M Zm¡~V| H$hH$a dU©Z H$aVo h¢…

˜m_moe n§O Zm¡~V {~eZm¡µOo Amñ_mZoŸ&H$m± Amñ_mZ ~oê±$ Am§ hµâVmo Bª ee Am_XŸ&

AW©… Mwn hmoH$a, JJZ go Omo nm±M Zm¡~V| (eãX) gwZmB©Xo ahr h¢, CZH$mo gwZŸ& dh JJZ N>… MH«$mo| Am¡a gmVd|Amg_mZ go nao h¡Ÿ&

eåg V~aoµO gm{h~ H$m ^r nm±M eãXm| H$m hr CnXoeahm h¡, µ\$a_mVo h¢…

haamoµOo n§O Zm¡~V ~a Xao D$ h_o H$mo~§X H$m¡go {H$~« mB©Ÿ&AJa CµâVX ~JmoeV gm¡Vo Am± H$m¡gŸ&

AµO {H$~«mo µO hgX `m~X ahmB©Ÿ&AWm©V² ha amoµO _m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na nm±M Zm¡~V| CgH$s

Vmarµ\$ H$m ZŠH$mam ~OmVr h¢, AJa Cg ZµŠH$mao (ZJm‹S>o)H$s AmdmµO h_mao H$mZm| _| Am OmE Vmo IwXr Am¡a B©î`m© goNw>Q>H$mam hmo OmEŸ&

{\$a do H$hVo h¢ {H$ AJa `h Ord N>… MH«$m| go AnZmS>oam CR>m bo Am¡a gmVd| Amg_mZ na Am Om o Vmo o nm±MZm¡~V| Cg ñWmZ na ~OVr hþB© {_b|JrŸ&

~ hµâV_ MI© Zm¡~V n§M `m~rŸ&My ¡_m µO ee OhV ~aH§$Xh ~merŸ&

`h eãX dmñVd _| EH$ hr h¡Ÿ& O¡go-O¡go aMZm Ho${dñVma Ûmam _Z-_m`m H$m gpå_lU ~‹T>Vm OmVm h¡ Am¡a{Z_©b MoVZ, _hmH$maU, H$maU, gyú_ Am¡a ñWyb _ÊS>bm| H$mo`h eãX, CÝh| (BZ _ÊS>bm| H$mo) ~ZmVm hþAm, nma H$aVmh¡, d¡go hr CgH$s Üd{Z `m AmdmµO ~XbVr OmVr h¡Ÿ& aMZm_| {deof ê$n go nm±M _ÊS>b hmoZo Ho$ H$maU `h EH$ eãX^r nm±M eãX hmo H$a ^mgVm h¡Ÿ& {ÌHw$Q>r VH$ Xmo eãX Am¡agVbmoH$ go ZrMo ({ÌHw$Q>r go D$na) VH$ Xmo eãX VWmgVbmoH$ _| nm±Mdm§ eãX hmoVm h¡ • ò nm±Mm| eãX gVbmoH$_| OmH$a nyU© hmo OmVo h¢Ÿ& gVJwé go BZH$m oX boH$a H$_mB©H$aZo go AmË_m "n§M-eãXr' go AWdm BZ n§M-eãXm| Ho$_m{bH$ go, {Oggo o {ZH$bo h¢, M‹T>mB© H$aVr hþB©, Om {_bVrh¡Ÿ& Jwé A_aXmg Or µ\$a_mVo h¢…JwanagmXr {na_ H$gmB©Ÿ&& {_bCJr XBAmb n§M g~X dOmB©Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1128)

n§M eãX

1. Anw VoOw ~mB n¥W_r AmH$mgmŸ&& Eogr ahV ahC h[a nmgmŸ&& (JC‹S>r H$~ra Or, 327)

AnwVoOw ~mB n¥W_r AmH$mgmŸ&& (_mê$ _. 1, 1031)

165


BZ eãXm| VWm Am¡a-Am¡a eãXm| Ho$ {ddaU Ho$ {bE"AÝXa Ho$ ~mOo' H$m àH$aU n{‹T> o, {Og_| JwédmUr Ho$ à_mU{X o J o h¢Ÿ&

BZ nm±M eãXm| _| Üd{Z h¡ Am¡a `h àË oH$ _Zwî` Ho$AÝXa hmo ahr h¡, Omo gwaV H$mo Bg Üd{Z Ho$ AÝXa g_oQ>H$a JJZ na M‹T>Vm h¡, Cgo o nm±M-eãX {_bVo h¢…

{OVw J¥{h JwZ JmdVo h[a Ho$ JwZ JmdVo am_ JwZ JmdVo{VVw J¥{h dmO¡ n§M g~X dS>^mJ _WmoamŸ&&

(gma§J _. 4, 1201)

JwédmUr ~VmVr h¡ {H$ BZ eãXm| H$s Üd{Z _ñVH$ naàH$Q> hmoVr h¡…

nya~ OZ_ Vwåhao godH$ A~ VC {_{Q>Am Z OmB©Ÿ&&Voao XwAma¡ Yw{Z ghO H$s _mW¡ _oao XJmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 969)

_ñVH$ _| ^r H$hm± na? XmoZm| «Hw${Q>`m| Ho$ _Ü` _| OmogwfwåZm Zm‹S>r h¡, CgHo$ Ûmam `h Üd{Z gwZmB© XoVr h¡…

gwI_Z Ho$ K[a amJw gw{Z gw§{Z _§S>{b {bd bmBŸ&&(_bma dma _. 1, 1291)

_wgb_mZ _ñV dbr Xadoem| Zo Bg ñWmZ H$m µ\$magr_| "_oham~' H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m h¡Ÿ& BgH$m emhaJ H$hH$a^r dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& »dmOm hm{µ\$µO eramµOr {bIVo h¢…

Xa Z_mµO_ I_ A~ê$E Vy My§ `mX Am_XŸ&&hmbVo hñV {H$ _oham~ ~ µ\$a`mX Am_XŸ&&

AWm©V², ho àrV_, _w{e©X (gVJwé) ß`mao ! O~ ÔZ-gw{_aZ Ho$ g_` Voao ñdê$n H$m Ü`mZ O_m`m, Vmo Š`m hþAm{H$ _oao (_ñVH$ Ho$) "_oham~' Ho$ ZrMo JO©Z hmoZo bJmŸ&"Abmh emh aJ Vm| ZµOXrH$' (~w„oemh)Ÿ&

gw Z AµH$a~ Eh _Z O~b CbdaoXŸ&(Hw$amZ earµ\$)

AW©… h_ emh aJ go ZµOXrH$ h¢Ÿ&eãX H$s H$_mB© H$aZo dmbo {Okmgw H$mo BZ ~mOm| AWdm

ZmXm| go `h na_ bm^ hmoVm h¡ {H$ gVJwé H$s {ejmZwgmaCZH$mo EH$ Vmo gM H$s àVr{V hmoVr h¡ Am¡a Xygao dh ~mOm|H$s AmdmµOmo| H$mo nhMmZ H$a nVm bJm boVm h¡ {H$ `h A_wH$ñWmZ `m _ÊS>b h¡, AWdm o g‹S>H$ na _rb Ho$ nËWam| Ho$g_mZ h¢ Omo amhr H$mo ybZo-^Q>H$Zo Zht XoVoŸ& eãX Ho$A{YH$ {dñVma Ho$ {b o "eãX' H$m àH$aU XoI|Ÿ&

n§M-eãX H$m _mJ© eãX-Aä`mgr, eãX ñdê$nr Jwé Ho$nmg go {_bVm h¡, `h Jwé_V Ho$ AYrZ h¡…

n§Mo g~X dOo _{V Jwa_{V dS>^mJr AZhXw d{OAmŸ&&(H$mZ‹S>m dma _. 4, 1315)

H$hm±-H$hm± na H$m¡Z-H$m¡Z gm ZmX gwZmB© XoVm h¡, `hgÝV-gVJwé Zm_XmZ XoVo g_` {eî` H$mo ñnï> ê$n _|{dñVma Ho$ gmW g_Pm XoVo h¢Ÿ& BgHo$ CnamÝV {eî` H$_mB©

H$aHo$ Á`m|-Á`m| M‹T>mB© H$aVm h¡, AnZr AmÝV[aH$ Am±I Ûmamñd § XoIVm Mbm OmVm h¡Ÿ&

~‹S>o ^mJ hm| Vmo Bg eara ê$nr J¥h _| n§M-eãX ~OVoh¢ Am¡a Eogm eara ^m½`dmZ h¡…

dmOo n§M g~X {VVw K[a g^mJ¡Ÿ&&K[a g^mJ¡ g~X dmOo H$bm {OVw K[a YmarAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)o n§O-eãX CgH$mo gwZmB© XoVo h¢ {OgH$mo à w Amn

gwZm o, `h Ord Ho$ de H$s ~mV Zht…n§M g~X PwUH$mé {Zamb_w à{^ Amno dmB gwUmBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1040)o n§M-eãX AIÊS>, nyU© Am¡a ânya h¢…

n§Oo eãX A §J AZhX Ho${bAmŸ&&(^mB© JwaXmg Or, dma 3, nC‹S>r 16)

n§M g~X Vh nyaZ ZmXŸ&& AZhX ~mOo AMaO {~g_mXŸ&&(am_H$br _. 5, 888)

AZhX ~O{h gXm ânyaŸ&&(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 971)

o nm±Mm| eãX {_bH$a EH$ hr nyU© eãX ~Z OmVo h¢Ÿ&Bg nyU© eãX Ho$ Ûmam _Z de _| hmoVm h¡, VrZm| JwU {_Q>Voh¢ Am¡a Ord OÝ_-_aU go a{hV hmoH$a nyU© AmZÝX àmáH$aVm h¡…

e~X gwa{V {bd gmY g§J n§M e~X BH$ e~X {_bmEŸ&&(^mB© JwaXmg Or, dma 6, nC‹S>r 10)

EHw$ g~Xw _oa¡ àm{Z ~gVw h¡ ~mhþ{‹S> OZ{_ Z AmdmŸ&&({~bmdbw _. 1, 795)

gXm AZ§{X ah¡ {XZw amVr EH$ g~{X {bd bmBŸ&&(_bma _. 4, 1265)

gmIm Vr{Z {ZdmarAm EH$ g~{X {bd bmBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 66)

{OÝhm|Zo EH$ eãX Ho$ gmW AnZr "{bd' (bJZ) bJmbr h¡ do ~{bhmar OmZo `mo½` h¢…

ZmZH$ {VZ H¡$ gX ~{bhmar {OZ EH$ g~{X {bd bmB©Ÿ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 879)

n§M eãX1. n§M eãX nyU© ZmX h¡n§M g~X Vh nyaZ ZmXŸ&& AZhX ~mOo AMaO {~g_mXŸ&&Ho$b H$a{h g§V h[a bmoJŸ& nma~«h_ nyaZ {ZaOmoJŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 888)

2. nm±Mm| eãXm| _| YwZ h¡n§M g~X {Za_mBb ~mOoŸ&& Tw>bHo$ M~a g§I KZ JmOoŸ&&

(am_H$br ~oUr Or, 974)gMm A_é g~{X gwhmBAmŸ&& n§M g~X {_{b dmOm dmBAmŸ&&gXm H$amOw g{M Zm{_ gwhobm {~Zw g~X¡ H$maOw Ho$hm h¡Ÿ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1057)

n§M gIr {_{b _§Jbw JmBAmŸ&& AZhX ~mUr ZmXw dOmBAmŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 375)

3. _Zwî` Ho$ AÝXa JJZ na nm±M eãX ~OVo h¢Bhþ ^dObw OJVw g~{X Jwa VarEoŸ&& A§Va H$s Xw{~Ym A§V[a OarEoŸ&&n§M ~mU bo O_ H$C _ma¡ JJZ§V[a YUIw M‹T>mBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1042)

4. dh KQ> (eara) ^m½`dmZ h¡ {OgHo$ AÝXa n§M-eãX ~OVo hm|dmOo n§M g~Xw {VVw K[a g^mJ¡Ÿ&&K[a g^mJ¡ g~X dmOo H$bm {OVw K[a Ym[aAmŸ&&n§M XyV VwYw d{g H$sVo H$mbw H§$Q>Hw$ _m[aAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

5. à^w n§M eãX gwZdmVm h¡Zm _Zw Mb¡ Zm nCUw CS>md¡Ÿ&& OmoJr g~Xw AZmhXw dmd¡Ÿ&&n§M g~X PwUH$mé {Zamb_w à{^ Amno dmB gwUmBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1040)

6. n§M eãX Ho$ ghmao _m{bH$ go {_bmn hmoVm h¡g{^ gIrAm n§Mo {_bo Jwa_w{I {ZO K[a dmgwŸ&&g~Xw Imo{O Bhþ Ké bh¡ ZmZHw$ Vm H$m XmgwŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1040)

JwanagmXr {na_ H$gmB©Ÿ&& {_bCJr XBAmb n§M g~X dOmB©Ÿ&&(^¡aC _. 3, 1128)

AZ{XZw _obw ^BAm _Zw _m{ZAm Ka _§Xa gmohmEŸ&&n§M g~X Yw{Z AZhX dmOo h_ K[a gmOZ AmEŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 764)

à{^ _gVHo$ Yw[a br{IAm Jwa_{V h[a {bd bmBAmoŸ&&n§M g~Xw XaJh ~m{OAm h[a {_{bAmo _§Jbw JmBAmoŸ&&

(_mbr JC‹S>m _. 4, 984)

n§Mo g~X AZmhX ~mOo g§Jo gm[a¨JnmZrŸ&&H$~ar Xmg Voar AmaVr H$sZr {Za§H$ma {Za~mZrŸ&&

(à^mVr H$~ra Or, 1350)

7. n§M eãX H$m _mJ© nyao Jwé go {_bVm h¡Ka _{h Ké {XImB XoB gmo g{VJwé nwaIw gwOmUwŸ&&n§M g~X Yw{ZH$ma Yw{Z Vh ~mO¡ g~Xw ZrgmUwŸ&&

(_bma dma _. 1, 1290)

n§Mo g~X dOo _{V Jwa_{V dS>^mJr AZhXw d{OAmŸ&&AmZX _ybw am_w g w Xo{IAm Jwa g~Xr Jmo{d§Xw J{OAmŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m dma _. 4, 1315)

8. g~ nmn, amoJ, Xmof VWm H$m_-H«$moYm{X Xya hmo OmVo h¢{OVw J¥{h JwZ JmdVo h[a Ho$ JwZ JmdVo am_ JwZJmdVo {VVw J¥{h dmOo n§M g~X dS>^mJ _WmoamŸ&&{VZ OZ Ho$ g{^ nmn JE g{^ XmoI JE g{^ amoJ JEŸ&&H$m_w H«$moYw bmo w _mohþ A{^_mZw JE {VZ OZ Ho$ h[a _m[a H$T>o n§M MmoamŸ&&

(gma§J _. 4, 1201)

H$m_w H«$moYw Ah§H$mé {ZdmaoŸ&& VgH$a n§M g~{X g§KmaoŸ&&{JAmZ I‹S>Jw b¡ _Z {gC byP¡ _Zgm _Z{h g_mB© hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1022)

A{bnV Jw\$m _{h ah{h {ZamaoŸ&& VgH$a n§M g~{X g§KmaoŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 904)

9. Ord `_ H$mo _ma boVm h¡Bhÿ ^dObw OJVw g~{X Jwa VarEoŸ&& A§Va H$s Xw{~Ym A§V[a OarEoŸ&&n§M ~mU bo O_ H$C _ma¡ JJZV[a KUIy M‹T>mBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1042)

nm±M eãX 167


_m{bH$ eãX ñdê$n h¡, CgHo$ Xa na gX¡d AZoH$hr AZhX ZmX ~O aho h¢…

^mJ gwbIUm h[a H§$Vw h_mam am_Ÿ&&AZhX ~m{OÌm {Vgw Yw{Z Xa~mam am_Ÿ&&

({~bmdbw _. 5, 846)

eãX Ho$ Ûmam aMZm H$m {Z_m©U hþAm, {OgHo$ H$B©_ÊS>b h¢Ÿ& BZ _ÊS>bm| Ho$ AÝXa AnZo-AnZo {deof eãXgwZmB© XoVo h¢, BZH$s ì`m»`m g~ gÝVm| Zo H$s h¡, JwédmUr_| ^r BZH$m {deof Vm¡a na C„oI {_bVm h¡Ÿ&

h_ XoIVo h¢ {H$ {hÝXwAm| Ho$ _pÝXam| _§| KÊQ>m ~Om`mOmVm h¡, B©gmB`m| Ho$ {JaOm| Ho$ AÝXa ^r KÊQ>m ~OVm h¡,{gŠIm| Ho$ JwéÛmam| _| KÊQ>o Am¡a e§I ~Om o OmVo Wo Am¡aA~ ^r ZJmao ~Om o OmVo h¢Ÿ& ImoO H$aZo go nVm MbVm h¡{H$ ~mha Ho$ KÊQ>o, e§I Am{X AÝXa Ho$ ~mOm| H$s AmdmµOm|H$s ZH$b h¡Ÿ& µJm¡a go {dMma H$amo, {hÝXAm| Ho$ _pÝXam| H$sAmH¥${V Jwå~X-Xma h¡ {OgHo$ ~rM _| KÊQ>m bQ>H$m hmoVm h¡VWm Omo ì`{º$ _pÝXa Ho$ AÝXa OmVm h¡ dh CgH$mo ~OmVmh¡Ÿ& _Zwî`-eara Ho$ {ga Ho$ AÝXa, Omo Jwå~X H$s AmH¥${VH$m h¡, ê$h Ho$ _wµH$m_ na Aä`mgr H$mo eãX gwZmB© XoVm h¡Ÿ&Bgr àH$ma B©gmB`m| Ho$ {JaOm| H$s AmH¥${V bå~mH$ma h¡{OgHo$ {nN>bo ^mJ na KÊQ>m ~OVm h¡Ÿ& `h ^r _Zwî` H$sZmH$ H$s AmH¥${V na h¡, ZmH$ Ho$ AJbo {hñgo na, XmoZm| ^m¢hm|Ho$ ~rM _| ê$h Ho$ {g_Q> OmZo na KÊQ>o H$m eãX gwZmB© XoVmh¡Ÿ& ™dmOm hm{µ\$µO Omo {H$ B©amZ _| hþE h¢, Bg KÊQ>o H$m{µOH«$ H$aVo h¢…

H$g ZXmZñV {H$ _§{µOb Jho _meyµH$ Hw$OmñV,BªµH$Xma hñV {H$ ~m§Jo O>ago _| Am`XŸ&

(hm{µ\$µO)

AWm©V², H$moB© Zht OmZVm {H$ _oao ß`mao H$s _§{µOb H$hm±h¡Ÿ& BVZm H$hZm hr H$mµ\$r h¡ {H$ dhm± go KÊQ>o H$s AmdmµOAm ahr h¡Ÿ& JwédmUr ^r ~VmVr h¡…

K§Q>m OmH$m gwZrEo Mhþ Hw§$QŸ&&>(Amgm _. 5, 393)

~m¡Õ-_pÝXam| _| KÊQ>o hmoVo h¢Ÿ& KÊQ>o Ho$ ~OZo H$m dU©Zg~ _V-_VmÝVam| _| g_mZ ê$n go {_bVm h¡Ÿ& VmËn © `hrh¡ {H$ Aä`m{g`m| H$mo AÝXa OmZo AWdm eara ê$nr h[a-

_pÝXa _| àdoe H$aZo na Omo eãX H$s Üd{Z gwZmB© XoVr h¡dh KÊQ>o H$s AmdmµO Ho$ gÑí` h¡Ÿ& Bgr àH$ma AmÝV[aH$_ÊS>bm| na AZoH$ eãX gwZmB© XoVo h¢, {OZ_| nm±M eãX àYmZh¢ (XoI| "n§M-eãX' àH$aU)Ÿ& BZ AmÝV[aH$ ~mOm| H$s YwZm|H$m Amng _| gÝ~ÝY h¡Ÿ& {H$gr eãX-_mJu Jwé go BZH$m{Z`_mZwgma CnXoe boH$a H$_mB© H$aZo go ê$h Cg _wµH$m_na nhþ±M gH$Vr h¡, Ohm± go {ZO-eãX H$s YwZ CR>r h¡ Am¡aOmo _m{bH$ Hw$b H$m Ym_ h¡Ÿ& o ~mOm| H$s AmdmµO| _mZm| n{VHo$ Xoe OmZo Ho$ _mJ© na _rbm| Ho$ {MÝh h¢, Omo ~VmVo h¢{H$ h_ H$hm± nhþ±M J o h¢Ÿ&

^mB© JwaXmg Or H$s dmam| Am¡a H${~Îm-gd¡ m| _| ^r BZAÝXa Ho$ ~mOm| H$m dU©Z Am`m h¡…

qg‹S>r gwa{V {deof eãX dOmBAmŸ&&(dma 20, nC‹S>r 11)

d‚mZ AZhX "Vya' Omo{V OJmdUmŸ&&(dma 22, nC‹S>r 13)

_m`m Am¡a ~«h_ g_, Xg_ XwAma nmaŸ&&AZhX éUPwU ~mOV {ZemZo h¢Ÿ&&

(H${~Îm 29)

ghO g_mY CZ_Z OJ_J Omo{VŸ&&AZhX Yw{Z "éZPwU' {bd bmB©EoŸ&&

(H${~Îm 222)

™dmµOm hm{µ\$O Or Zo ^r BZ AÝXa Ho$ ~mOm| H$m {µOH«${H$`m h¡Ÿ& Amn µ\$a_mVo h¢…

{~eZm¡ {H$ _wVa~mZo M_Z amñVm H$aU AÝXŸ&Amh§J, M§J, ~a~Vm d Vwå~yamo ZmE d Z¡Ÿ&

AWm©V², Vy gwZ, gÝV-OZ Amh§J, M§J, ~a~V, Vå~yao,~m±gw[a`m±, g~ AÀN>r Vah go gwZm aho h¢Ÿ&

Amaå^ H$s, n{j`m| H$s "Mt-Mt' H$s Üd{Z go boH$a M§J,Vå~yam, _wabr Am¡a ~m§gwar Am{X g~H$m {µOH«$ H$a {X`m h¡Ÿ&

BZ AmÝV[aH$ ~mOm| H$s YwZ| gwZZo go AmË_m H$s CÝZVrhmoVr h¡Ÿ& BZH$m oX Jwé Ho$ nmg go {_bVm h¡ Am¡a {gI({eî`) Jwé_wI ~Z H$a BZHo$ Ûmam AnZo {ZO-Ka H$mo àmáH$aVm h¡Ÿ& JwédmUr _| BZ ~mOm| H$s YwZm| H$m dU©Z {_bVmh¡, BgHo$ à_mU AmJo {X o J o h¢, nmR>H$-OZ Ü`mZnyd©H${dMma H$a|Ÿ&

AÝXa Ho$ ~mOo

AÝXa Ho$ ~mOo1. _m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na YwZ Am¡a AZhX ZmX ~OVo h¢

h[aZm_w gbm_{Z Zm_w _{Z Zm{_ ah{Z {bd bmBŸ&&AZhX YwZr X[a dOXo X[a gM¡ gmo m nmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 42)

AZhX YwZr gX dOVo CZ_{Z h[a {bd bmBŸ&&ZmZH$ h[a ^J{V {VZm H¡$ _{Z dg¡ {OZ_gV{H$ {b{IAm Yw[a nmBŸ&&

({gar amJw dma _. 3, 91)^mJ gwbIUm h[a H§$Vw h_mam am_Ÿ&&AZhX ~m{OÌm {Vgw Yw{Z Xa~mam am_Ÿ&&

({~bmdbw _. 5, 846)gmo Xé Voam Ho$hm gmo Ké Ho$hm {OVw ~{h ga~ gåhmboŸ&&dmOo Voao ZmX AZoH$ Ag§Im Ho$Vo Voao dmdUhmaoŸ&&Ho$Vo Voao amJ nar {gC H$hrA{h Ho$Vo Voao JmdUhmaoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 347)XodgWmZ¡ {H$Am ZrgmUrŸ&& Vh ~mOo g~X AZmhX ~mUrŸ&&Vh M§Xw Z gyaOw nCUw Z nmUrŸ&& gmIr OmJr Jwa_w{I OmUrŸ&&

(am_H$br ~oUr Or, 974)Vh JrV ZmX AImao g§JmŸ&& D$hm g§V H$a{h h[a a§JmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 739)

2. dh YwZ _ñVH$ na àH$Q> hmoVr h¡nya~ OZ_ h_ Vwåhao godH$ A~ VC {_{Q>Am Z OmB©Ÿ&&Voao XwAma¡ Yw{Z ghO H$s _mW¡ _oao XJmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 969)H$a H$[a Vmb nImdOw Z¡Zhþ _mW¡ dO{h a~m~mŸ&&H$aZhþ _Yw ~mgwar ~mO¡ {Ohdm Yw{Z AmJmOmŸ&&{Za{V H$ao H$[a _ZyAm ZmM¡ AmUo KyKa gmOmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 884)

3. AZhX eãX _| AZoH$ àH$ma H$s YwZ|XO}-~XO} gwZmB© XoVr h¢

1. Kw§Kê$Kw§Kê$ dmO¡ Oo _Zw bmJ¡Ÿ&& VC O_w H$hm H$ao _mo {gC AmJ¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 356)ZmaXr Zaha Om{U hXyaoŸ&& Ky±Ka I‹S>Hw$ {VAm{J {dgyaoŸ&&ghO AZ§X {XImd¡ ^md¡Ÿ&& Ehþ {Za{VH$mar OZ{_ Z Amd¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 885)

2. KÊQ>mK§Q>m Om H$m gwZrEo MhþHw§$Q Ÿ&&> AmgZw Om H$m gXm ~¡Hw§$RŸ&&>Om H$m Mdé g^ D$n[a Pyb¡Ÿ&& Vm H$m Yynw gXm na\w$b¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 393)

3. e§In§M g~X {Za_mBb ~mOoŸ&& Tw>bHo$ Mda g§I KZ JmOoŸ&&

(am_H$br ~¡Ur Or, 974)

4. V~bm, _¥X§J Am¡a a~m~Voam OZw {Za{V H$ao JwZ Jmd¡Ÿ&&a~m~w nImdO K§wJê$ AZhX g~Xw dOmd¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 381)

Jwa _Zm[a {àA XBAma {gC a§Jw H$sAmŸ&&H$sZmo ar gJb gtJmaŸ&& V{OAmo ar gJb {~H$maŸ&&YmdVmo Ag{Wé WrAmŸ&&Eoogo ao _Z nmBH¡$ Amnw JdmB H¡$ H$[a gmYZ {gC g§JwŸ&&~mOo ~O{h _¥X§J AZmhX H$mo{H$b arŸ&&am_w Zm_w ~mob¡ _wYwa ~¡Z A{V gyhrAmŸ&&1Ÿ&&Eogr Voao XagZ H$s gmo A{V Anma {àAA_moK V¡go hr g§{J g§V ~ZoŸ&&^d CVma Zm_ ^ZoŸ&& a_ am_ am_ _mbŸ&&_{Z \o$aVo h[a g§{J g§JrAmŸ&& OmZ ZmZH$ {àC àrV_w WrAmŸ&&

(_bma _. 5, 1271)

5. qgL>rgwa{V g~Xw gmIr _oar qgL>r ~mO¡ bmoHw$ gwUoŸ&&nVw Pmobr _§JU H¡$ VmB© ^r{IAm Zm_w n‹S>oŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 877){gd ZJar _{h Amg{U ~¡gC H$bn {VAmJr ~mX§Ÿ&&qgL>r g~Xw gXm Yw{Z gmoh¡ A{h{Z{g nya¡ ZmX§Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 360)Mb{MV OmoJr AmgUw VoamŸ&& qgL>r dmO¡ {ZV CXmgoamŸ&&Jwa JmoaI H$s V¡ ~yP Z nmB©Ÿ&& {\$[a {\$[a OmoJr Amd¡ OmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 886)_Zgm _m[a _Z¡ _{h amI¡ g{VJwa g~{X drMmarŸ&&qgL>r gwa{V AZmh{X dmO¡ K{Q> K{Q> Omo{V Vw_marŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 907)ZmZH$ Ord{VAm _[a ahrEo Eogm OmoJw H$_mB©EoŸ&&dmOo ~mPhþ qgL>r dmO¡ VC Za^C nXw nmB©EoŸ&&A§OZ _m{h {Za§OZ ahrEo OmoJ OwJ{V VC nmB©EoŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 730)gVw g§VmoIw nVw H$[a Pmobr OmoJr A§_¥V Zm_w wJ{V nmB©Ÿ&&{YAmZ H$m H$[a S>§S>m OmoJr qgS>r gwa{V dOmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908)Amno qgL>r ZmXw h¡ {nAmam Yw{Z Am{n dOmE Amn¡Ÿ&&Amno OmoJr nwaIw h¡ {nAmam Amno hr Vnw Vmn¡Ÿ&&Amno g{VJwé Am{n h¡ Mobm CnXogw H$a¡ à w Amn¡Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 4, 605)I§S> ~«h_§S> _{h qgL>r _oam ~Qy>Am g w OJw ^g_mYmarŸ&&Vm‹S>r bmJr {Ìnbw nbQ>rEo Ny>Q>¡ hmoB ngmarŸ&&

(JC‹S>r H$~ra Or, 334)

AÝXa Ho$ ~mOo 169


Oh ^C Zmhr Vhm AmgZw ~m{YAmo qgJr AZhV ~mZrŸ&&VVw ~rMmé S>§S>m H$[a am{IAmo OwJ{V Zm_w _{Z ^mZrŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 208)~w{Y {~ y{V M‹T>mdC AnwZr qgJr gwa{V {_bmB©Ÿ&&H$[a ~¡amJw {\$aC V{Z ZJar _Z H$s qH$Jwar ~OmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 970)^C ^mC XwB nV bmB OmoJr Bhþ garé H$[a S>§S>rŸ&&Jwa_w{I hmod{h Vm V§Vr dmO¡ BZ {~{Y V¥gZm I§S>rŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908)

6. VyaZC ga gw a Xgd¡ nyaoŸ&& Vh AZhV gw§Z dOmd{h VyaoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 943)Jwa_{V am_w On¡ OZw nyamŸ&& {VVw KQ> AZhV ~mOo VyamŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 228)gwUV¡ nwZrV H$hVo n{dVw g{VJwé a{hAm ânyaoŸ&&{~Zd§{V ZmZHw$ Jwa MaU bmJo dmO¡ AZhX VyaoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 922)Bhþ _Zw ZmM¡ g{VJwa AmJ¡ AZhX g~X Yw{Z Vya dOB©AmŸ&&h[a h[a CgV{V H$a¡ {XZw amVr a{I a{I MaU h[a Vmb nyaB©AmŸ&&

({~bmdbw _. 4, 834)Jwé nyam AmamYoŸ&& H$maO gJbo gmYoŸ&&gJb _ZmoaW nyaoŸ&& ~mOo AZhX VyaoŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 5, 629)H$mO h_mao nyao gVJwaŸ&& ~Oo AZhX Vyao gVJwaŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 629)ZC{Z{Y nmB© dOr dmYmB© dmOo AZhX VyaoŸ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ _¡ dé K[a nmBAm _oao bmWo Or gJb {dgyaoŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 5, 577)^bmo g_yaVw nyamŸ&&gm{V ghO AmZ§X Zm_ O{n dmOo AZhX VyamŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 5, 618)Vmnw JdmBAm Jw[a nyaoŸ&& dmOo AZhX VyaoŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 5, 626)^dObw V[aAm h[a h[a {g_[aAm gJb _ZmoaW nyaoŸ&&_hm {~H$ma JE gwI CnOo ~mOo AZhX VyaoŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 781)H$hþ ZmZH$ {Ogw g{VJwé nyamŸ&& dmOo Vm H¡$ AZhX VyamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 393)~ma{g ~mah CJd¡ gyaŸ&& A{h{Z{g ~mOo AZhX VyaŸ&&

(JC‹S>r H$~ra Or, 348){Za^C H¡$ K[a ~Omd{h VyaŸ&& AZhX ~O{h gXm ânyaŸ&&

(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 971)K[a K[a {Za{V hmod¡ {XZw amVr K{Q> K{Q> dmO¡ VyamŸ&&E{H$ ZMmd{h E{H$ ^dmd{h B{H$ AmB OmB hmoB YyamŸ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ gmo ~hþ[a Z ZmM¡ {Ogw Jwé oQ>¡ nyamŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 884)

~mnm[a JmoqdX ZmEŸ&&gmY g§V _ZmE {àA nmE JwZ JmE n§M ZmX Vya ~OmEŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 408)

7. éZPwZ eãXAZhXmo AZhXw dmO¡ éU PwUH$mao am_Ÿ&&_oam _Zmo _oam _Zw amVm bmb {nAmao am_Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 436)ngar {H$a{U Omo{V C{OAmbmŸ&& H$[a H$[a XoI¡ Am{n XBAmbmŸ&&AZhX éUPwUH$mé gXm Yw{Z {Za^C H¡$ K[a dmBXmŸ&&

(§_mê$ _. 1, 1033)

~§YZ Vmo{‹S> brE à{^ _moboŸ&& H$[a {H$anm H$sZo Ka JmoboŸ&&AZhX éUPwH$mé ghO Yw{Z gmMr H$ma H$_mB© hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 5, 1072)éUPwUmo g~Xw AZmhXw {ZV C{R> JmB©Eo g§VZ H¡Ÿ &&${H$b{dI g{^ XmoI {~ZmgZw h[a Zm_w OnrEo Jwa _§VZ H¡Ÿ &&$

(am_H$br _. 5, 925)ghOo éUPwUH$mé gwhmBAmŸ&& Vm H¡$ K[a nma ~«h_w g_mBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 237)

8. {H$J§arK{Q> K{Q> dmO¡ qH$Jar AZ{XZw g~{X gw mB©Ÿ&&{dabo H$C gmoPr nB© Jwa_w{I _Zw g_PmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 62)ga_¡ XrAm _w§Ðm H§$Zr nmB OmoJr qIWm H$[a Vy XBAmŸ&&AmdUw OmUw {~ y{V bmB OmoJr Vm Vr{Z ^dU {O{U bBAmŸ&&Eogr qH$Jwar dOmB OmoJrŸ&&{OVw qH$Jwar AZhXw dmO¡ h[a {gC ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908){dUw dOmB© qH$Jar dmOo OmoJr gm qH$Jar dOmBŸ&&H$h¡ ZmZHw$ _wH${V hmod{h OmoJr gmMo ah{h g_mBŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 909)~w{Y {~ y{V MT>mdC AnwZr qgJr gwa{V {_bmB©Ÿ&&H$[a ~¡amJw {\$aC V{Z ZJar _Z H$s qH$Jwar ~OmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 970)amOm am_ AZhX qH$Jwar ~mO¡Ÿ&& Om H$s {Xg{Q> ZmX {bd bmJ¡Ÿ&&

({gar amJw H$~ra Or, 92)_Zw ndZw XyB Vy§~m H$ar h¡ OwJ OwJ gmaX gmOrŸ&&{Wé ^B© V§Vr VyQ>{g Zmhr AZhX qH$Jwar ~mOrŸ&&

(JC‹S>r H$~ra Or, 334)Mhþ _{h EH¡$ _Qw> h¡ H$sAmŸ&& Vh {~I‹S>o WmZ A{ZH$ {I‹S>H$sAmŸ&&ImoOV ImoOV XwAmao AmBAmŸ&& Vm ZmZH$ OmoJr _hbw Ké nmBAmŸ&&BC qH$Hw$ar AmZyn dmO¡Ÿ&& gw{U OmoJr H¡$ _{Z _rR>r bmJ¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 886)Mm[a nwH$ma{h Zm Vy _mZ{hŸ&& IQw> ^r EH$m ~mV ~ImZ{hŸ&&XgAgQ>r {_{b EH$mo H${hAmŸ&& Vm ^r OmoJr oXw Z b{hAmŸ&&qH$Hw$ar AZyn dmO¡Ÿ&& OmoJrAm _Vdmar aoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 886)

_mo{h JBAm ~¡amJr OmoJr K{Q> K{Q> qH$Jwar dmB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ga{U à y H$s Ny>Q>o g{VJwa gMw gImB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 907)a{d g{g bCHo$ Bhþ VZw qH$Jwar dmO¡ g~Xw {ZamarŸ&&{gd ZJar _{h AmgUw ACYy AbIw AJ§_w AnmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 907)

9. ~m±gwarH$a H$[a Vmb nImdOw Z¡Zhþ _mW¡ dO{h a~m~mŸ&&H$aZVw H$ao ~mgwar ~mO¡ {Ohdm Yw{Z AmJmOmŸ&&{Za{V H$ao H$[a _ZyAm ZmM¡ AmU¡ KyKa gmOmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 884)

10. ~rZ H$m eãXah§V OZ_§ h[a Xag brUmŸ&& ~mO§V ZmZH$ g~X ~rUm±Ÿ&&

(ghgH¥$Vr _. 5, 1355)

~rUm g~Xw dOmd¡ Omo{J Xag{Z ê${n AnmamŸ&&g~{X AZmh{X gmo ghþ amVm ZmZHw$ H$h¡ {dMmamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 351)

~oZw ~Omd¡ JmoYZw Ma¡Ÿ&& Zm_o H$m gwAm_r AmZX H$a¡Ÿ&&(_mbr JC‹S>r Zm_Xod Or, 988)

Y{Z Y{Z Amo am_ ~oZw ~mO¡Ÿ&& _Ywa _Ywa Yw{Z AZhV JmO¡Ÿ&&(_mbr JC‹S>r Zm_Xod Or, 988)

~oX nwamZ gmgÌ AZ§Vm JrV H${~V Z JmdCJmoŸ&&AI§S> _§S>b {Za§H$ma _{h AZhX ~oZw ~OmdCJmoŸ&&

(am_H$br Zm_Xod Or, 972)

Am{XV H$a¡ ^J{V Ama§ Ÿ&& H$mBAm _§Xa _Zgm W§ Ÿ&&A{h{Z{g AI§S> gwahr OmBŸ&& VC AZhX ~oUw ghO _{h ~mBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma H$~ra Or, 344)

MyH$sAbo _moh _BAmgmŸ&& g{g H$sZmo gya {JamgmŸ&&O~ Hw±$^Hw$ ^[any[a brUmŸ&& Vh ~mOo AZhX ~rUmŸ&&

(am_H$br H$~ra Or, 972)

~oUw agmb dOmd¡ gmoB©Ÿ&& Om H$s {Ì^dU gmoPr hmoB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ~yPhþ Bh {~{Y Jwa_{V h[a am_ Zm{_ {bd bmBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1039)

Jwa g~{X _obm Vw gwhobm ~mO§V AZhX ~rUmŸ&&Jwa _hbr K[a AmnU¡ gmo ^[any[a brUmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 767)

h[a H$s ào_ ^J{V _Zw brZmŸ&& {ZV ~mOo AZhV ~rZmŸ&&(gyhr _. 1, 622)

{VÝh Zm{h ZaH$ {ZdmgwŸ&& {ZV {g_[a à^ JwUVmgwŸ&&Vo O_w Z noI{h Z¡ZŸ&& gw{Z _moho AZhV ~¡ZŸ&&

({~bmdbw _. 5, 837)

AÝXa Ho$ ~mOo 171


~mha Ho$ ~mOm| H$m na_mW© _| ~hþV [admµO h¡, ha EH$_V _| BZH$mo ˜mg _hËd {X`m J`m h¡Ÿ& `mo{J`m| _| BgH$m[admµO h¡, _wgb_mZm| _| µH$ìdmbr h¡ Am¡a {hÝXwAm|, {gŠIm|,B©gmB`m|, g~Ho$ AÝXa BZH$m {deof ê$n go àMbZ h¡Ÿ& Ohm±H$ht ^r gmYwAm| H$s _ÊS>br XoIr OmVr h¡, do ~mOo Am{XH$m à`moJ H$aVo {XImB© XoVo h¢Ÿ& bmoJ ~mOm| Ho$ gmW ÔZAm{X H$m Jm`Z H$aVo h¢, Am¡a CZH$s VmZm| Am¡a ñdam| na_mo{hV hmoVo h¢, BZgo _Z _ñV hmoVm h¡, na dh MoVZ ZhthmoVm, OmJVm Zht…

{Za{V H$ao ~hþ dmOo dOmEŸ&&Bhþ _Zw A§Ym ~mobm h¡ {H$gw Am{I gwUmEŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 364)

nhbr ~mV Vmo `h h¡ {H$ bmoJm| Zo BZH$m amoµOJma ~Zm{b`m h¡…

amoQ>rAm H$ma{U nya{h VmbŸ&& Amnw nN>m‹S>{h YaVr Zm{bŸ&&(Amgm dma _. 1, 465)

K§wKa ~m{Y Ê am_Xmgm amoQ>rAZ Ho$ AmonmdmŸ&&~aV Zo_ H$a_ IQ> H$sZo ~mh[a oI {XImdmŸ&&

JrV ZmX _w{I amJ Abmno _{Z Zhr h[a h[a JmdmŸ&&(_mê$ _. 5, 1003)

CZHo$ AÝVa _| bmo hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Bg{b o CZH$m «_-OmbZht Qy>Q>Vm, Z àH$me hmoVm h¡ Am¡a Z hr CZH$mo Ag{b`VH$m ~moY hmoVm h¡Ÿ&

Xygao, Jm`Z H$aZo dmbo Jm`H$ Am{X ~mOm| H$s VmZm| Am¡añdam| Ho$ {Z_m©U Am¡a CZH$s gmYZm _| hr bJo ahVo h¢Ÿ& H$B©Jm`H$m| go nyN>Zo na nVm MbVm h¡ {H$ do Bgr {MÝVm _| ahVo h¢{H$ CZH$m ñda Am¡a VmZ Z Qy>Q>o Am¡a do bmoJm| H$mo à^m{dV H$aVoah|Ÿ& Omo ÔZ `m dmUr do JmVo h¢ CgHo$ AW© H$s Amoa CZH$mÜ`mZ Zht hmoVm, CZgo Vmo dmUr H$m ñnï> CƒmaU ^r ZhthmoVm, do Ho$db {XImdo _| hr ah OmVo h¢…

h{W H$[a V§Vw dOmd¡ OmoJr WmoWa dmO¡ ~oZŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 368)

lmoVm ^r Cg dmUr H$mo V^r g_P gH$Vo h¢ O~{H$ CÝh|nhbo go CgH$s Hw$N> OmZH$mar hmoŸ& Zht Vmo do dmUr H$mo R>rH$Vm¡a na Zht g_P gH$Vo Am¡a VmZm| Am¡a ñdam| _| hr ah OmVoh¢Ÿ& gÝVm| Zo Bg J{V H$mo ñdrH$ma Zht {H$`m h¡; do ~VmVo h¢{H$ ~mha Ho$ ~mOm| go Agbr Ü`mZ Zht bJVm, "gM' Zht{_bVm, hm¢_¢ (Ah§) H$m amoJ Zht OmVm Am¡a empÝV Zht AmVr…

BVw qH$Jar {YAmZw Z bmJ¡ OmoJr Zm gMw nb¡ nmBŸ&&BVw qH$Jar gm§{V Z Amd¡ OmoJr A{^_mZw Z {dMhþ OmBŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908)

{OVZr Xoa _Zwî` ~mOm| Am{X H$s Vmbm| Ho$ g§dmaZo Am¡aamJm{X Ho$ ñdam| H$mo gmYZo _| bJmVm h¡ Am¡a {\$a ~ma-~maCZHo$ _ob {_bmZo _| Omo g_` ImoVm h¡, `{X Cgo dh Jwé_VÛmam Zm_ Ho$ Aä`mg _| bJmE Vmo H$ht CÎm_ h¡…

H$~ H$mo ^mb¡ K§wKê$ Vmbm H$~ H$mo ~Omd¡ a~m~wŸ&&AmdV OmV ~ma {IZw bmJ¡ hC V~ bJw g_maC Zm_wŸ&&

H$~ H$moD$ _ob¡ n§M gV JmBU H$~ H$mo amJ Yw{Z CR>md¡Ÿ&&_obV MwZV {IZw nbw Mgm bmJ¡ V~ bJw _oam _Zw am_ JwZ Jmd¡Ÿ&&

H$~ H$mo ZmM¡ nmd ngma¡ H$~ H$mo hmW ngma¡Ÿ&&(Amgm _. 4, 368)

CÎmo{OV hmoH$a wOmE± D±$Mr H$a H$aHo$ hmW ngmaZo, emoa_MmZo VWm _Z H$s Va§Jm| _| VZ H$mo nN>m‹S>Zo Am¡a Z¥Ë` H$aZobJ OmZo _| ~mha_wI \¡$bmd h¡, BZgo d¥{Îm AÝV_w©I ZhtOw‹S>VrŸ& ~mha H$s AmdmµO \¡$br hþB© gwaV H$mo EH${ÌV H$aZo_| ghm`H$ h¡, na `h {Xb H$mo {H$gr Eogo ñWmZ na bo OmVrh¡ {OgH$m H$moB© R>m¡a-{R>H$mZm ZhtŸ& BgH$m Eogm n§Xm h¡ Omoh_| AnZo Amngo Am¡a na_mË_m go wbm XoVm h¡Ÿ& ~rWmodZ ZoH$hm h¡ {H$ ~mOo H$s AmdmµO (`m g§JrV) ê$hmZr Am¡aEhgmgr (BpÝÐ`-O{ZV) {µOÝXJr H$mo {_bmZo dmbm _mÜ`_h¡Ÿ& ~mhar amJm| Ûmam h_ AnZo AmnH$mo EH$ ZB© ˜`mbrXw{Z`m _| \±$go hþE nmVo h¢, {OgH$mo ~OmZo dmbm CËnÝZ H$aVmh¡Ÿ& Bggo Xw{Z`m Ho$ gmW _Z H$m àH$me S>mbVr h¡ VWm~VbmVr h¡ {H$ Mmho ~mha H$s AmdmµO| h_| _mo{hV H$aVr h¢,Am{H$f©V H$aVr h¢ VWm gmam g§gma CZ_| _¾ hmo OmVm h¡,na BZgo Ord {ÌJwUm| _| \±$gm ahVm h¡ VWm CgH$m OÝ_~a~mX hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& gƒo H$sV©Z (XoI| "H$sV©Z H$m àH$aU)Ho$ {~Zm (Omo Ho$db a_o hþE Zm_ H$m h¡) Ord gXm Xw…IghVm h¡ VWm _m`m H$s bham| _| gXm JmoVo ImVm ahVm h¡…

dmXw n‹S>¡ amJr OJw ^rO¡Ÿ&& Ì¡JwU {~{IAm OZ{_ _arO¡Ÿ&&am_ Zm_ {~Zw XyIw ghrO¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 905)

_mBAm bh[a g~{X {ZdmarŸ&&(_mê$ _. 3, 1049)

Bgr{b o gÝVm| Zo ~mhar AmdmµOm| Ho$ godZ VWm CZH$s_ñVr _| Z¥Ë` H$aZo VWm AÝ` ~mha_wIr gmYZm| H$s AZw_{VZht Xr h¡, ~pëH$ AÝV_w©I h[a Ho$ ào_ H$mo _w»` aIm h¡…

~mha Ho$ ~mOo Am¡a "{ZaVH$mar' (Z¥Ë`)

{H$Zhr KyKa {Za{V H$amB©Ÿ&& {H$Zhÿ daV Zo_ _mbm nmB©Ÿ&&{H$Zhr {VbHw$ Jmonr M§XZ bmBAmŸ&&_mo{h XrZ h[a h[a h[a {YAmBAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 913)

_wgb_mZ µ\$H$sam| Zo ^r ~mhar amJm| d ZmXm| H$moN>mo‹S>H$a AÝXa ê$hmZr AmdmµO • Omo H$bm_oµH$Xr_ (AË`ÝVàmMrZ eãX, AWdm Am{X-YwZ) hmo ahr h¡ • H$mo gwZZo naµOmoa {X`m h¡…

n§~mE dgdmg ~oê§$ Hw$Z µOo JmoeŸ&Vm ~JmoeV Am`X AµO JaXy§ ãmoeŸ&

AWm©V², H$mZm| go «_m| H$s éB© H$mo ~mha H$a Vm{H$ VoaoH$mZm| _§o JJZ go ê$hmZr emoa gwZmB© Xodo…

M © am Xao µOoao nm Ama Eo ewOmAŸ&{~eZm¡ AµO µ\$m¡Ho$ µ\${bH$ ~m±Jo g_mAŸ&&

(_m¡bdr ê$_)

AWm©V², Eo ~hmXwa ! Vy Amg_mZ (JJZ) na M‹T> Vm{H$dh Voao n¡am| Ho$ ZrMo Am Om o, dhm± Vy µ\$bH$ (AmH$me) go~m±J H$s Vmb Am¡a amJ (g_mA) H$mo gwZ gHo$JmŸ&

h¡µ\$ Xa ~§Xo {Oñ_ Xa_mZrŸ& ZewZdr gm¡Vo nmHo$ ah_mZrŸ&AWm©V², Aµ\$gmog ! Vy {Oñ_ H$s µH¡$X _| ~±Ym n‹S>m h¡,

Cg ah_mZ H$s nmH$ (n{dÌ) AmdmµO H$mo Zht gwZVmŸ&^mB© JwaXmg Or Bg ~mao _|, H${dÎm-gd¡ m| _|, Bg àH$ma

µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ O~ VH$ "ZmX ~mX' (~mha Ho$ amJm|) _| \±$goahmoJo, AÝXa H$s gƒr AmdmµO `m AZhX H$s YwZ àH$Q> ZhthmoJr…

OC bC "ZmX ~mX' Z AZmhX {~goIrEoŸ&& (12)~mha Ho$ "ZmX ~mX' AWdm amJ-amJ{Z`m| H$mo gwZH$a

Ord {haZ H$s ^m±{V AkmZVmnyd©H$ _w½Y hmoH$a nH$‹S>m OmVmh¡ Am¡a AÝV_w©Ir "eãX oXr' Zht H$hbm gH$Vm…

OCn¡ ZmX ~mX gw{Z _¥J AmZ {JAmZ amM¡Ÿ&&àmZ gwI hþB "g~X ~oYr' Z H$hmdB©Ÿ&& (412)

"ZmX ~mX' go nao hmoH$a Aä`mgr Zm_ Ho$ AZhX _|bdbrZ hmoVm h¡…

ZmX ~mX na¡ AZhV {bd bmdB©Ÿ&& (11)AZhX _| "{bd' (bJZ) bJmH$a h_ {ÌJwUmVrV hmo

OmVo h¢Ÿ& dh Bbmhr H$sV©Z h_mao gm§gm[aH$ ~ÝYZm| H$mo Vmo‹S>XoVm h¡ Am¡a h_ gƒo AWm] _| {Z_©b hmo OmVo h¢, H$_b H$s^m±{V g§gma Ho$ _m`m-_` Ob go D$na ahVo h¢ Am¡a _wµJm©~r(Ob-Hw$ŠHw$Q>) H$s ^m±{V CgHo$ à^md go a{hV, gyIo nam|go C‹S> OmVo h¢Ÿ&

JwédmUr _| ~mhar amJ-amJ{Z`m| H$m "{~I ~¡Ur' `m"{~I ZmX' H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m h¡, {OZgo Ord H$mo _m`mH$m µOha M‹T>Vm h¡…

H$mbw Ombw {Ohdm Aé Z¡UrŸ&& H$mZr H$mbw gwU¡ {~Iw ~¡UrŸ&&{~Zw g~X¡ _yR>o {XZw a¡UrŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 227){~I¡ ZmX H$aZ gw{Z ^rZmŸ&&

h[a Ogw gwZV Ambgw _{Z H$sZmŸ&&(gyhr _. 5, 738)

VWm ñnï>V`m H$hm h¡ {H$ "amJ Zm§X' H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a h[aH$m ñ_aU H$amo {Oggo CgH$s XaJmh _| _mZ àmá hmo…

amJ ZmX N>mo{S> h[a godrEo Vm XaJh nmB©Eo _mZwŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I ~«h_w ~rMmarEo MyH¡$ _{Z A{^_mZwŸ&&

({~bmdb dma _. 4, 849)

"ZmX ~mX' (JrV-JmZ) _m`m H$m emoa h¡, _Z_wI Cgr_| ybo ahVo h¢…{H$Am _mZwI H$hQw> {H$Am OmoéŸ&& PyR>m _mBAm H$m g^w gmoéŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 178)

BZgo nao "Zm_' H$s YwZm| AWdm AZhX eãX _| bJmZm(XoI| "Zm_' Am¡a "AZhX eãX' Ho$ àH$aU) Jwé_V h¡; Jm`ZCgr H$m g\$b h¡ {OgH$mo àVr{V hmo, AÝ`Wm `h g~ CÚ_{Zî\$b h¡…

{Og Zmo naVr{V hmod¡ {Vg H$m Jm{dAmŸ&&WmB© nd¡ gmo nmd¡ XaJh _mZwŸ&&

(gyhr _. 4, 734)

JwédmUr ~VbmVr h¡ {H$ Zm_ `m eãX H$m "Vmb' Am¡a"Z¥Ë`' hr _m`m-_moh H$mo g_má H$aVm h¡, BgHo$ {gdm` AÝàmJ, Vmb Am{X g~ ì`W© h¢…

_ZyAm ZmM¡ ^J{V Ñ‹S>mEŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X _Z¡ _Zw {_bmEŸ&&gMm Vmbw nyao _mBAm _mohþ MwH$mE g~Xo {Za{V H$amd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 121)

Jmd{h JrVo Mr{V AZrVoŸ&& amJ gwUmB H$hmd{h ~rVoŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ _{Z PyRw> AZrVoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)

Agbr ~mOo AmÝV[aH$ eãX Ho$ h¢ Omo ~µJ¡a hmWm|-n¡am|Ho$ ~Om o OmVo h¢, Omo ~mha Ho$ ~mÚm| Ho$ gmVm| ñdam| go naoh¡§ Am¡a {OZHo$ Ûmam gM H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡…H$a {~Zw dmOm nJ {~Zw VmbmŸ&& Oo g~Xw ~wP¡ Vm gMw {ZhmbmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 412)

JwédmUr ~VbmVr h¡ {H$ o AZhX H$s a~m~ Am¡a _¥X§JH$s YwZ| VWm gƒo Z¥Ë` H$m nXmW©, {OZHo$ Ûmam Ord H$mH$ë`mU hmoVm h¡, gmY-gÝVm| Ho$ nmg go {H$gr Jwé_wI H$mo{_bVm h¡…

Voam OZw {Za{V H$ao JwZ Jmd¡Ÿ&&a~m~w nImdO Vmb Ky§Jê$ AZhX g~Xw dOmd¡Ÿ&&H$a g§{J gmYy MaZ nIma¡ g§V Yy[a V{Z bmd¡Ÿ&&_Zw VZw Aa{n Yao Jwa AmJ¡ g{V nXmaWw nmd¡Ÿ&&

~mha Ho$ ~mOo Am¡a "{ZaVH$mar" (Z¥Ë`) 173


Omo Omo gwZ¡ noI¡ bmB gaYm Vm H$m OZ_ _aZ XwIw ^mJ¡Ÿ&&Eogr {Za{V ZaH$ {Zdma¡ ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I OmJ¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 381)

H$B© gÝV-_hmË_m ~mha Ho$ H$sV©Z H$mo ^r ñWmZ XoVo ahoh¢Ÿ& na_m{W©`m| H$mo EH${ÌV H$aZo Am¡a CnXoe XoZo Ho$ {bò doCn`moJ H$aVo aho, Š`m|{H$ AmdmµO _| à~b AmH$f©U h¡ (XoI|"H$sV©Z' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ& na do BgHo$ Ûmam AÝXa Ho$ ~mOm| Am¡aH$sV©Z H$s Amoa na_m{W©`m| H$m Ü`mZ AmH${f©H$ H$aVo ahoŸ&

JwédmUr Ho$ à_mU AmJo {X o h¢, nmR>H$ µJm¡a g{hV{dMma H$a|Ÿ&

~mha Ho$ ~mOo Am¡a Z¥Ë`1. ~mha Ho$ ~mOm| H$m IÊS>Z

{Za{V H$ao ~hþ dmOo dOmEŸ&& Bhþ _Zw A§Ym ~mobm h¡ {H$gw Am{I gwUmEŸ&&A§V[a bmo w â_w AZb dmCŸ&& Xrdm ~b¡ Z gmoPr nmBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 364)Ky±Ka ~m{Y Ê am_Xmgm amoQ>rAZ Ho$ AmonmdmŸ&&~aV Zo_ H$a_ IQ> H$sZo ~mh[a oI {XImdmŸ&&JrV ZmX _w{I amJ Abmno _{Z h[a h[a JmdmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 5, 1003)BVw qH$Jwar {YAmZw Z bmJ¡ OmoJr Zm gMw nb¡ nmBŸ&&BVw qH$Jwar gm±{V Z Amd¡ OmoJr A{^_mZw Z {dMhþ OmBŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908)h{W H$[a V§Vw dOmd¡ OmoJr WmoWa dmO¡ ~oZŸ&&Jwa_{V h[a JwU ~mobhþ OmoJr Bhþ _ZyAm h[a a§{J oZŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 368)H$~ H$mo ^mb¡ K§wKê$ Vmbm H$~ H$mo ~Omd¡ a~m~wŸ&&AmdV OmV ~ma {IZw bmJ¡ hC V~ bJw g_maC Zm_wŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 368)H$~ H$moD$ _¡b¡ n§M gV JmBU H$~ H$mo amJ Yw{Z CR>md¡Ÿ&&_obV MwZV {IZw nbw Mgm bmJ¡ V~ bJw _oam _Zw am_ JwZ Jmd¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 368)^J{V ZmaXr [aX¡ Z AmB© H$m{N> Hy${N> VZw XrZmŸ&&amJ amJZr qS>^ hmoB ~¡R>m C{Z h[a n{h {H$Am brZmŸ&&

(gmoa{R> H$~ra Or, 654)OC _¡ ê$n H$sE ~hþVoao A~ \w${Z ê$nw Z hmoB©Ÿ&&VmJm V§Vw gmOw g w WmH$m am_ Zm_ ~{g hmoB©Ÿ&&A~ _mo{h ZmMZmo Z Amd¡Ÿ&& _oam _Zw _§XarAm Z ~Omd¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm H$~ra Or, 482)OZ_o H$C dmO{h dmYmEŸ&& gmo{hb‹S>o A{JAmZr JmEŸ&&Omo OZ_¡ {Vgw gana _BUm {H$aVw nBAm {g{a gmhm h¡Ÿ&&

(_mé _. 1, 1032)

2. BZ ~mOm| Am¡a amJm| go _Z Zht R>haVm, h_{ÌJwUm| _| hr ahVo h¢ VWm OÝ_-_aU ~Zm ahVm h¡Jmd{h amJ ^m{V ~hþ ~mob{h Bhþ _ZyAm Iob¡ IobŸ&&Omod{h Hy$n qgMZ H$C ~gwYm C{R> ~¡b JE M[a ~obŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 368)

~mXw n‹S>¡ amJr OJw ^rO¡Ÿ&& Ì¡JwU {~{IAm OZ{_ _arO¡Ÿ&&am_ Zm_ {~Zw XyIw ghrO¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 905)

3. ~mhar Z¥Ë` gÝVm| H$mo ñdrH$ma Zht{H$Zhr KyKa {Za{V H$amB©Ÿ&& {H$Zhÿ daV Zo_ _mbm nmB©Ÿ&&{H$Zhr {VbHw$ Jmonr M§XZ bmBAmŸ&&_mo{h XrZ h[a h[a h[a {YAmBAmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 913)

4. Zm_ `m eãX Ho$ {~Zm ~mha Ho$ amJ-Vmb ì`W© h¢Jm~{h JrVo Mr{V AZrVoŸ&& am_ gwUmB H$hmd{h ~rVoŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ _{Z PyRw> AZrVoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)

_ZyAm ZmM¡ ^J{V X¥‹S>mEŸ&& Jwa H¡$ g~{X _Z¡ _Zw {_bmEŸ&&gMm Vmbw nyao _mBAm _mohþ MwH$mE g~Xo {Za{V H$amd{UAmŸ&&D$Mm Hy$Ho$ VZ{h nN>m‹S>oŸ&& _mBAm _mo{h Omo{hAm O_H$mboŸ&&_mBAm _mohþ Bgw _Z{h ZMmE A§V[a H$nQw> XwIw nmd{UAmŸ&&~hþ Vmb nyao dmOo dOmEŸ&& Z H$mo gwUo Z _§{Z dgmEŸ&&_mBAm H$ma{U {n‹S> ~§{Y ZmM¡ XyO¡ ^mB XwIw nmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 121)

B{H$ JmdV aho _{Z gmXw Z nmBŸ&& hC_¡ {d{M Jmd{h {~aWm OmBŸ&&Jmd{U Jmd{h {OZ Zm_ {nAméŸ&& gmMr ~mUr g~X ~rMméŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 158)

5. dh amJ CÎm_ h¡ {OgHo$ Ûmam _m{bH$ _Z _|~go, dh amJ d ZmX gM H$m h¡

g^Zm amJm§ {d{M gmo ^bm ^mB© {OVw d{gAm _{Z AmBŸ&&amJw ZmXw g w gMw h¡ H$s_{V H$hr Z OmBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 4, 1423)

6. {OgH$mo àVr{V hmo Cgr H$m Jm`Z gmW©H$ hmoVm h¡{Og Zmo naVr{V hmod¡ {Vg H$m Jm{dAm WmB nd¡ gmo nmd¡ XaJh _mZwŸ&&Omo {~Zw naVrVr H$nQ>r Hy$‹S>r Hy$‹S>r AIr _rQ>Xo CZH$m CV[aOmBJm PyRw> Jw_mZwŸ&&

(gyhr _. 4, 734)

7. AmÝV[aH$ ~mOm eãX H$m h¡ Omo hmWm|-n¡am| Ho$ ~J¡ahr ~OVm h¡ VWm Omo g~ ~mOm|,

ñdam| Am¡a Vmbm| go nao h¡H$a {~Zw dmOm nJ {~Zw VmbmŸ&& Oo g~Xw ~wP¡ Vm gMw {ZhmbmŸ&&A§V[a gmMw g o gwI ZmbmŸ&& ZX[a H$ao amI¡ aIdmbmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 412)

AmoA§H$m[a EH$ Yw{Z EH¡$ EH¡$ amJw Abmn¡Ÿ&&EH«$ Xogr EHw$ {XImd¡ EH$mo a{hAm {~Amn¡Ÿ&&EH$m gwa{V EH$m hr godm EH$mo Jwa Vo Omn¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 885)

n§M ~{OÌ H$ao g§VmoIm gmV gwam b¡ Mmb¡Ÿ&&~mOm _mUw VmUw V{O VmZm nmC Z ~rJm Kmb¡Ÿ&&\o$ar \o$é Z hmod¡ H$~hr EHw$ g~Xw ~§{Y nmb¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 885)

8. gƒm Z¥Ë` Zm_ H$m h¡ Omo Jwé_wI H$aVm h¡dmOm _{V nImdOw ^mCŸ&& hmoB A§ZXw gXm _{Z MmCŸ&&Ehm ^J{V Ehmo Vn VmCŸ&& BVw a§{J ZmMhþ a{I a{I nmCŸ&&nyao Vmb OmZm¡ gmbmhŸ&& hmoé ZMUm IwgrAm _Z _mhŸ&&gVw g§VmoIw dO{h XwB VmbŸ&& n¡ar dmOm gXm {ZhmbŸ&&amJw ZmXw Zhr XyOm ^mCŸ&& BVw a§{J ZmMhþ a{I a{I nmCŸ&&^C \o$ar hmod¡ _Z Mr{VŸ&& ~h{XAm CR>{XAm ZrVm Zr{VŸ&&bo{Q>U bo{Q>m OmU¡ VZw gwAmhþŸ&& BVw a§{J ZmMhþ a{I a{I nmCŸ&&{gI g^m Xr{IAm H$m ^mCŸ&& Jwa_w{I gwUUm gmMm ZmCŸ&&ZmZH$ AmIUw doam doaŸ&& BVw a§{J ZmMhþ a{I a{I n¡aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 350)

9. o AZhX Ho$ a~m~, _¥X§J Am¡a gƒo Zm_ gmYwAm|Ûmam {H$gr Jwé_wI H$mo àmá

hmoVo h¢ _Z_wI H$mo ZhtCX_w H$aV hmod¡ _Zw {Za_bw ZmM¡ Amnw {ZdmaoŸ&&n§M OZm b¡ dgJ{V amIo _Z _{h EH§$H$maoŸ&&Voam OZw {Za{V H$ao JwZ Jmd¡Ÿ&&a~m~w nImdO Vmb Kw§Jê$ AZhX g~Xw dOmd¡Ÿ&&H$a g§{J gmYy MaZ nIma¡ g§V Yy[a V{Z bmd¡Ÿ&&_Zw VZw Aa{n Yao Jwa AmJ¡ g{V nXmaWw nmd¡Ÿ&&Omo Omo gwZ¡ noI¡ bmB gaYm VmH$m OZ_ _aZ XwIw ^mJ¡Ÿ&&Eogr {Za{V ZaH$ {Zdma¡ ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I OmJ¡Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 381)

ZmMw ao _Z Jwa H¡$ AmJ¡Ÿ&&Jwa Ho$ mU¡ ZmM{h Vm gwIw nmd{h A§Vo O_ C mJ¡Ÿ&& ahmCŸ&&AZ{XZw ZmM¡ gH${V {Zdma¡ {gd K[a ZrX Z hmoB©Ÿ&&gH$Vr K[a OJVw gyVm ZmM¡ Q>mn¡ Adamo Jmd¡ _Z_w{I J{V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 506)

~mha Ho$ ~mOo Am¡a "{ZaVH$mar" (Z¥Ë`) 175


Zm_ Š`m h¡? H$hZo _| Vmo `h AmgmZ àVrV hmoVm h¡,na BgH$m R>rH$ ~moY Zm_ H$s H$_mB© dmbm| go hr àmá hmogH$Vm h¡Ÿ& Zm_ Am¡a Zm_r _| oX ZhtŸ& {OgH$mo Zm_ {_bJ`m, g_P bmo CgH$mo Zm_r ^r {_b J`m Am¡a {OÝh| Zm_Zht {_bm, CZgo Zm_r H$amo‹S>m| H$mog Xya h¡Ÿ&

™dmOm _wB©ZwÔrZ {MíVr gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…_`mZo Bñ_mo _wgå_m My µ\$µH©$ ZoñV ~ ~tŸ&Vy Xa VO„rE Bñ_m O_mbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&

AWm©V² Zm_ Am¡a Zm_r _| µ\$µH©$ Zht, Vy IwXm Ho$ O_mbH$s PbH$ CgHo$ Zm_ Ho$ AÝXa XoIŸ&

Zm_ hr g~ Hw$N> h¡ VWm Zm_ hr go g~ Hw$N> h¡Ÿ&{OÝhm|Zo Zm_ H$mo Zht OmZm `m CgH$s àm{á Zht H$s, CÝhm|ZoHw$N> Zht OmZm, do ˜mbr hmWm| Am o VWm OwAm[a`m| H$s ^m±{VXmoZm| hmW Pm‹S> H$a Mbo J o, Xw{Z`m _| AnZr ny±Or ~a~mXH$a J oŸ&

H$~ra gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…Zm_ OnV H$mo‹T>r ^bm, MwB MwB n‹S>o {Og Mm_Ÿ&H§$MZ Xoh {H$g H$m_ H$s, Om _wI Zmhr Zm_Ÿ&&

Zm_ H$s Amdí`H$Vm VWm _{h_mAmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| H$s g¡a Ho$ {b o "Zm_' Ho$ nam| H$s

Amdí`H$Vm h¡Ÿ& {OZH$mo _m{bH$ H$m O_mb (AZwn_ ê$n)XoIZo H$s Mmh h¡ do "Zm_' Ho$ n§I bJmH$a D$na Ho$ Xoe_| C‹S> gH$Vo h¢…

Vwam gµÁOX V¡am± Xa {µ\$µOmE Amb_o Hw$X²gŸ&~eV} Am±{H$ ~ nar ~ ~mbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&

AWm©V², VwPo nmH$ ê$hmZr Amb_ (Xw{Z`m) H$s {µ\$µOm(dm w-_ÊS>b) _| g¡a H$aZm emo m XoVm h¡, na BgHo$ {b oeV© `h h¡ {H$ Vy IwXm Ho$ Zm_ Ho$ na (n§I) bJmH$a D$naH$s Amoa C‹S>oŸ&

AJa dmñVd _| CgHo$ {_bZ H$s bmbgm h¡, Vmo Eo Ord ! VyCgHo$ Zm_ H$mo aQ>Vm Š`m| Zht? dh Zm_ go H$^r ^r AbJ Zht…

dgmbo hµH$ Vb~r h_ZerZo Zm_e ~meŸ&~dX dgmbo IwXm Xa dgmbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&µH$t ~Xm± {H$ ~m hµH$ {eñVmE e~mo amoµOŸ&

My h_ZerZo Vw ~meX ˜`mbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&AWm©V², AJa hµH$ H$m {dgmb (gV²nwéf Ho$ gmW A oX

hmoZm) _§Oya h¡, Vmo CgHo$ Zm_ H$m Omn H$a, Š`m|{H$ IwXmHo$ Zm_ H$m {dgmb ({_bmn) IwXm H$m hr {dgmb h¡Ÿ& AJa

IwXm Ho$ Zm_ H$m ˜`mb Voao gmW ahoJm Vmo Vy µH$rZ H$a{H$ Vy amV-{XZ IwXm Ho$ nmg ~¡R>m ahoJmŸ&

Zm_ g~ nmnm| H$m Zme H$aZo dmbm h¡, Bggo EH$mJ«VmH$s àm{á hmoVr h¡ Am¡a g§gma H$s V¥îUmE± Zht gVmVtŸ& Zm_Ho$ gmW Ow‹S> ~¡R>mo, {~Zm _ohZV _eµŠH$V (VH$brµ\$) Ho$ Vw_ewÕ hmo OmAmoJo VWm _m{bH$ AÝXa PbH|$ XoZo bJoJm…

O_mbo XmoñV µOo AmBZm-E-{XbV Vm~XŸ&AJa OyXXh edX AµOgµH$mbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&

AWm©V², AJa Vy Zm_ Ho$ g¡µH$b go {Xb H$mo gmµ\$ H$abo Vmo XmoñV H$m O_mb Voao {Xb Ho$ ereo _| M_H$Zo bJoJmŸ&

H$~ra gm{h~ Š`m gwhmdZo T>±J go Zm_ H$s _{h_m JmVo h¢…Zm_ Omo aÎmr EH$ h¡, nmn Omo aÎmr hµOmaŸ&AmY aÎmr KQ> g§Mao, Om[a H$ao g~ N>maŸ&&

Zm_ OnV g~ {_Q> JE, _Z _Zgm Ho$ XmJŸ&_mZm| Kmg Ho$ T>oa _|, bmJr {MUJr AmJŸ&&Zm_ OnV g~ Oa JE, _Z _m`m Ho$ \§$XŸ&XoIV XoIV {_Q> JE, g~ àn§M Ho$ ÛÝXŸ&&

{OZHo$ nmg Zm_ H$s ny±Or h¡, CZHo$ nmg g~ F${Õ`m±-{g{Õ`m± h¢…

[a{Õ {g{Õ Zm_o H$s XmgrŸ&&OmH$s ny±Or Zm_ h¡, VmHo$ h¡ g^ [aÕŸ&&

H$a Omo‹S>o R>m‹T>o g^r, AmR> {gÕ Zm¡ {ZÕŸ&&Omo H$moB© ^r Zm_ Ho$ gmW Ow‹S>Vm h¡, Mmho dh ZoH$ hmo

`m ~X, MVwa hmo `m _y‹T>, Zm_ CgH$m ~o‹S>m nma H$a XoVm h¡Ÿ&Yyn _| `m AmJ Ho$ nmg ~¡R>Zo go AWdm nmZr Ho$ ñne© goh_mao AÝXa Ja_r `m R>ÊS>H$ H$m Aga AmZo bJVm h¡, BgràH$ma Zm_ Ho$ ñne© go AÝXa Aga hmoVm h¡Ÿ& ^md `m A^mdHo$ gmW, Ambg `m CÚ_ Ho$ gmW, {H$gr àH$ma ^r h_Zm_ On|, dh Aga {H$ o ~µJ¡a Zht ah gH$VmŸ&

_hmË_m VwbgrXmg Or am_mÙ _| µ\$a_mVo h¢…^m ± Hw$^m ± AZI Ambghÿ§Ÿ&&Zm_ OnV _§Jb {Xgw Xghÿ§Ÿ&&

(~mb-H$mÊS>, 27)

Zm_ _| VÝ_`Vm Am¡a Anyd© _ñVr h¡Ÿ& ™dmOm _wBZwÔrZ{MíVr gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ IwXm Ho$ Zm_ H$m O_mb _oao{Xb Am¡a OmZ H$mo bo J`m, CgZo ß`mgm| H$mo IwXm Ho$ {dgmb(Xe©Z) H$m e~©V {nbm {X`m…

Zm_

a~yX OmZmo {Xb_ am O_mbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&Zdm™V {VeZm b~m§ am µObmbo Zm_o IwXmŸ&

_m{bH$ Ho$ Zm_ AZoH$ h¢, BZ_| H$m¡Z-gm Zm_nyU© H$ë`mUH$mar h¡?

_m{bH$ Ho$ AZoH$ hr Zm_ h¢ Omo gÝVm|-_hmË_mAm| dF${f`m|-_w{Z`m| Zo CgH$s _{h_m Ho$ dU©Z Ho$ {b o ~Zm o h¢…

Ag§I Zmd (OnwOr, 4)

_m{bH$ g~_| n[anyU© h¡, {Zambm h¡, CgH$m H$moB© gmZrZhtŸ& dh _m{bH$ Hw$b, AZm_r, h[aam` Omo g~H$m Am{Xh¡, Omo AZm_ h¡, {OgH$m H$moB© Zm_ Zht, gÝVm|-_hmË_mAm|Ûmam AJ_, AbI, gV²nwéf, gVZm_, EH§$H$ma, nyU© MoVZnwéf, am_am`, AH$mb Am{X AZoH$ Zm_m| Ûmam nwH$mam J`mh¡Ÿ& Z bIo OmZo Ho$ H$maU dh AbI Am¡a Jå` Z hmoZo Ho$H$maU AJ_ H$hbm`mŸ& Bgr àH$ma _hmË_mAm| Zo {ÌbmoH$sHo$ _m{bH$ Am¡a CgHo$ nma H$s VmH$Vm| H$m Zm_ {Z…Aja,nma~«÷, Aja-~«÷ Am¡a ja nwéf aIm VWm Y_©am` Am¡aH$mb H$hH$a ^r CgH$m dU©Z {H$`mŸ& BZHo$ A{V[aº$ Am¡ahµOmam| Zm_ _m{bH$ H$s {H$gr {gµâV AWdm JwU-{deof H$moÑ{ï> _| aIH$a aIo J o, O¡go am_, ahr_, {JaYmar, _wamar,A„mh, IwXm, dm{hJwé `hÿ{X`m| Am¡a B©gmB`m| _| Omod, OrhmodmAm{XŸ& h_ BZ g~ Zm_m| na ~{bhmar OmVo h¢…

~{bhmar OmC Voao OoVo Zmd h¡Ÿ&&(~g§Vw _. 1, 1168)

Zm_ H$s Ag{b`Vh_ Zm_ Ho$ AmamYZ Am¡a Ü`mZ Ho$ {df` _| ~hþV Hw$N>

gwZVo Am¡a H$hVo Am o h¢, na h_Zo H$^r "Zm_' H$s Ag{b`Vna {dMma Zht {H$`m {H$ Zm_ Š`m h¡ VWm BZ Zm_m| _| dhH$m¡Z-gm Zm_ h¡ {Oggo Ordm| H$mo {Zdm©U-nX H$s àm{á hmogH$Vr h¡…

H$CZw Zm_w OJ Om H¡$ {g_a¡ nmd¡ nXw {Za~mZmŸ&&(am_H$br _. 9, 902)

dh H$m¡Z-gm Zm_ h¡ {OgHo$ gw{_aZ Ûmam Ord ^dgmJago nma hmoVm h¡?

H$CZw Zm_w Jwa OmH¡$ {g_a¡ ^d gmJa H$C VaB©Ÿ&&(gmoa{R> _. 9, 632)

_m{bH$ H$m H$moB© Zm_ Zht, dh Vmo AZm_ h¡…Z_gV§ AZm_§Ÿ&& (Omn gm{h~)

CgHo$ AZÝV Zm_ aIo J o, na dh BZ g~go D$na h¡Ÿ&CgH$m AÝV VWm nma dma hr Zht, dh Zm_m| Ho$ ~ÝYZ _|{H$g àH$ma Am gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& `h g_PVo hþE ^r, F${f`m|,_w{Z`m| Am¡a _hmË_mAm| Zo CgH$s _{h_m Ho$ dU©Z Ho$ {bE,

CgHo$ Zm_ aIo h¢ Omo AZoH$ Am¡a Ag§»` h¢Ÿ& {\$a ^r doCgH$s _hÎmm H$mo Z nm gHo$…

Voao Zm_ AZoH$m ê$n AZ§Vm H$hUw Z Omhr Voao JwU Ho$VoŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 358)

[a{Y {g{Y {Z{Y H$a Vb OJ OrdZ ò~ ZmW AZoH¡$ ZmCŸ&&(XodJ§Ymar _. 5, 536)

h[a Ho$ Zm_ Ag§I AJ_ h{a AJ_ AJ_ h[a amBAmŸ&&JwUr {JAmZr gwa{V ~hþ H$sZr BHw$ {Vbw Zhr H$s_{V nmBAmŸ&&

(H${bAmZ _. 4, 1319)AZoH$ Ag§I Zm_ h[a Voao Z Omhr {Ohdm BVw JZUoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 4, 1135)

Xe_ nmVemh Jwé Jmo{~ÝX qgh ^r µ\$a_mVo h¢…Vd ga~ Zm_ H$W¡ H$dZ H$a_ Zm_ ~aUV gw_{VŸ&&

(Omn gm{h~, nmVemhr 10)

Zm_m| _| oX h¡§, H$moB© "H$a_ Zm_' (JwU-gå~ÝYr `m{gµ\$mVr Zm_) h¡ Am¡a H$moB© "nyam nya~bm' Zm_ (ì`{º$JV `mµOmVr Zm_) h¡…

{H$aV_ Zm_ H$Wo Voao {Oh~mŸ&& g{VZm_w Voam nam nya~bmŸ&&(_mê$ _. 5, 1083)

BZ Zm_m| _| h_mao Ü`mZ Ho$ {bò H$m¡Z-gm Zm_ D±$Mm VWmJ«hU H$aZo `mo½` h¡? {hÝXy "Amo_' Zm_ H$s _mÝ`Vm XoVo h¢ VWm"am_ Zm_' H$s _{h_m ^r AZoH$ àH$ma go JmVo h¢Ÿ& _wgb_mZm| _|"A„mh' Am¡a {gŠIm| _| "dm{hJwé' àM{bV h¡Ÿ& ha EH$ _V Ho$AnZo-AnZo Zm_ h¢Ÿ& BZ g~ Zm_m| _| dh H$m¡Z-gm Z_ h¡{OgHo$ Ûmam Ord H$m H$ë`mU hmoVm h¡? Zm_ Ho$ AmamYZ `mÜ`mZ go Š`m VmËn`© h¡? Ho$db {H$gr Z_ Ho$ aQ>Zo `m Cg Zm_Ho$ AW© na {dMma H$aZo H$m, `m Hw$N> Am¡a ^r? Ajam| H$m aQ>ZAm¡a CZHo$ AWm] H$m {dMma Ho$db ˜`mbr ghmam ~ZZo H$m H$m_Xo gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& JwédmUr Ho$ nmR> _| Zm_ Ho$ {df` _| H$B© nX{_bVo h¢ {OZ_| H$ht Zm_ Ho$ Omn H$m, H$ht Zm_ Ho$ gwZZo H$m,H$ht Ü`mZ H$m, H$ht öX` _| BgHo$ ~gZo H$m Am¡a H$ht BgHo$àH$me H$m dU©Z {_bVm h¡…

Zm_w Onhþ _oao Jwa{gI _rVmŸ&&Zm_w Onhþ Zm_o gwI nmdhþ Zm_w aIhþ Jwa_{V _{Z MrVmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 367)Zm_mo Zm_w gwUr _Zw gagmŸ&& Zm_w bmhm h¡ Jwa_{V {~JgmŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 367)O~ bJw Omo{~Z gmgw h¡ V~ bJw Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&Mb{XAm Zm{b h[a Mbgr h[a A§Vo bE N>‹S>mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 82){OZ h[a {haX¡ Zm_w Z ~{gAmo {VZ _mV H$sO¡ h[a ~m±PmŸ&&

{VZ gw±Ämr Xoh {\$a{h {~Zw Zmd¡ AmoB I{n I{n _wE H$am±PmŸ&&(O¡Vgar _. 4, 697)

h[a Ho$ OZ g{VJwa gV nwaIm hC H$aC Jwa nm{gŸ&&h_ H$sao {H$a_ g{VJwa gaUmB© H$[a XBAm Zm_w naJm{gŸ&&

(JyOar _. 4, 492)

Zm_ 177


JwédmUr _| Zm_ Ho$ aQ>Z Am¡a {dMma go nao, CgHo$AÝXa H$s _Ywa H$mo gwZZo H$m ^r C„oI h¡ VWm Zm_ Ho$AÝXa àH$me Ho$ hmoZo H$m ^r dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡…

ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡ŸŸ&&

ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&(gma§J dma _. 4, 1240)

Zm_w OnV H$mo{Q> gya COmamŸ&&(O¡Vgar _. 5, 700)

H$[a XBAm Zm_w naJm{gŸ&&(JyOar _. 4, 492)

Zm_ _| gwaV Am¡a {ZaV XmoZm| H$s ny{V© H$m gmYZ h¡Ÿ&dmUr _| Cg Zm_ H$m öX` _| ~gZo H$m ^r {µOH«$ AmVm h¡Ÿ&JwédmUr _| ~‹S>o ñnï> ê$n go {ZU© {H$`m J`m h¡ {H$ Zm__Z-BpÝÐ`m| go nao h¡, "AÑï> AJmoMé Zm_w AnmamŸ&&' (_mê$_. 1, 1041) h¡Ÿ& BZ nXm| go `h nVm bJVm h¡ {H$ _m{bH$H$m gƒm Zm_ bµâO Zht, dh H$moB© Am¡a dñVw h¡ Omo h_maoAÝVa _| dmg H$aVr h¡; Cg_| _rR>r Am¡a ag-âr YwZ| h¢,Omo gwZr Om gH$Vr h¢; Cg_| àH$me ^r h¡, Omo XoIm OmgH$Vm h¡Ÿ& dh Zm_ dmñVd _| AÑï>, AJmoMa Am¡a Anma h¡,dh "am_-Zm_' (gd©Ì a_m hþAm) h¡Ÿ& H$~ra gm{h~ Zo Bg{df` H$mo ~‹S>m ñnï> H$a {X`m h¡…

H$mo{Q> Zm_ g§gma _|, Vm±Vo _w{º$ Z hmo Ÿ&Am{X Zm_ Omo Jwá On, ~yPo {~abm H$mo Ÿ&&

JwédmUr _| ^r Am`m h¡ {H$ Zm_m| H$mo aQ>Zm ^r AnZmH$m_ h¡ Am¡a CgH$s Amdí`H$Vm h¡ (XoI| "gw{_aZ' H$màH$aU), na Bg àH$ma h_ _m{bH$ _| g_m Zht gH$VoŸ&O~ VH$ {H$ Cg _m{bH$ n[anyU© (God in action) • {OgH$meãX `m Zm_ H$hH$a dU©Z {H$`m J`m h¡ • Ho$ gmW h_marbm¡ `m bJZ Zht bJVr, {OgHo$ gmW Ow‹S>Zm Ho$db Jwé Ho$Ûmam hr hmo gH$Vm h¡, V~ VH$ h_mar _w{º$ gå^d Zht…

am_ am_ g w H$mo H$h¡ H${hEo am_w Z hmoBŸ&&Jwa nagmXr am_w _{Z dg¡ Vm \$bw nmd¡ H$moBŸ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 491)

"nmZr-nmZr' H$hVo hþE O~ VH$ h_ Omo dñVw nmZr h¡CgHo$ gånH©$ _| Zht AmVo, Z h_H$mo R>ÊS>H$ {_bVr h¡ Zh_mar ß`mg ~wPVr h¡Ÿ& _hmË_m `mar gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…

agZm am_ H${hV V¢ WmH$moŸ&&nmZr H${hV H$~hÿ ß`mg ~wPV h¡, ß`mg ~wPV O~ MmImoŸ&&

H$~ra gm{h~ H$s dmUr _| {\$a {ZU© {H$`m J`m h¡…{~Z XoIo {~Z Aag nag Ho$, Zm_ {bE Š`m hmo ŸŸ&&YZ Ho$ H$hV YZr Omo hmo , Vmo {ZaYZ aho Z H$mo Ÿ&&AWm©V², O~ VH$ _m{bH$ Ho$ gmW Z Ow‹S>m Om`, V~ VH$

˜mbr Zm_ Ho$ booZo H$m Š`m bm^? `{X Ho$db "YZ-YZ'

nwH$maZo go _Zwî` YZr ~Z gH$Vm hmo Vmo g§gma _| H$moB© ^r{ZY©Z Z ahoŸ&

gmao Zm_ Cgr EH$ Ho$ {b o aIo J o h¢Ÿ& na `{X Zm_rHo$ gmW, {OgHo$ o g~ Zm_ aIo J o h¢, EH$Vm hmo Om` VmoCgo {H$gr ^r Zm_ go `mX H$amo; H$moB© {MÝVm ZhtŸ& AJanmZr {_b Om o Vmo `h _m_ybr ~mV h¡ {H$ h_ CgHo$ {b on§Om~r bµâO "nmUr', yZmZr "hmBS>moa', b¡{Q>Zr "EH²$dm' `mA§J«oµOr "dmQ>a' H$m ì`dhma H$a|, BZ g~ Zm_m| Ho$ Zm_r go_ob hmo OmZo na h_H$mo dh ñd § VWm CgHo$ JwU àmá hmoOmVo h¢Ÿ& "amoQ>r-amoQ>r' nwH$maZo go yI Zht {_Q>Vr, "nmZr nmZr'H$hZo go ß`mg Zht ~wPVr, "amoQ>r' Am¡a "nmZr' o bµâO H$moB©Am¡a MrµO h¡ VWm amoQ>r Am¡a nmZr Agbr MrµO H$moB© Am¡a h¡{OgHo$ ImZo Am¡a nrZo go yI d ß`mg OmVr ahVr h¡Ÿ&

Zm_ go CR>H$a O~ VH$ h_ Zm_r Ho$ gmW Zht Ow‹S>Vo,h_H$mo Zm_ H$m loð> Am¡a n{dÌ bm^ Zht {_b gH$VmŸ&_m¡bdr ê$_ gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…

Bñ_ am ™dmZr am¡ _wgå_m am ~OmoŸ&~o _wgå_m Bñ_ H¡$ ~meX ZH$moŸ&

AWm©V², Vy Ho$db Zm_ bo ahm h¡, Om Zm_r H$mo ({OgH$m{H$ `h Zm_ h¡) Ty>±T>, Š`m|{H$ Zm_r Ho$ {~Zm Zm_ {H$g àH$maCgH$s ZoH$s Xo gH$Vm h¡?

_hmË_m VwbgrXmg Or Zo "Zm_' H$mo ~«÷ Am¡a am_ go~‹S>m H$hm h¡, Š`m|{H$ ~«÷, nma~«÷, gZmVZ, AbI Am¡aAJ_ g~ Zm_ Ho$ hr ~Zm o hþE h¢…

~«÷ am_ V| Zm_ ~S> ~a Xm`H$ ~a XmZŸ&&(~mbH$mÊS>-25)

AJwU gJwU XwB ~«÷ gê$nmŸ& AH$W AJY AZm{X AZynmŸ&&_moao _V ~‹S> Zm_ XwhÿVoŸ&& {H$E Oo{h wJ {ZO ~g {ZO ~yVoŸ&&

(~mbH$mÊS> 22, 1)

C^` AJ_ OwJ gwJ_ Zm_ V|Ÿ&&H$hoC± Zm_ ~‹S> ~«÷ am_ V|Ÿ&&

(~mbH$mÊS> 22,1)

AWm©V², {ZJw©U Am¡a gJwU XmoZm| hr ~«÷ Ho$ ñdê$n h¢,Omo AH$W, AZm{X, AJmY Am¡a AZwn_ h¡Ÿ& _oao {dMmamZwgma,BZ XmoZm| go ~‹T>H$a "Zm_' h¡ Š`m|{H$ Zm_ H$s VmH$V BZ XmoZm|H$mo Mbm ahr h¡, XmoZm| hr AJ_ h¢, na Zm_ Ûmam o gwJ_hmo gH$Vo h¢, Bg{b o _¢ H$hVm hÿ± {H$ Zm_ "am_' Am¡a "~«÷'XmoZm| go ~‹S>m h¡Ÿ&

VwbgrXmg Or Vmo `hm± VH$ µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ Zm_ H$s_{h_m H$m H$hm± VH$ dU©Z {H$`m Om`, Š`m|{H$ ñd § am_^r Zm_ H$s _{h_m H$mo Zht Jm gH$Vo…

H$hm¢ H$hm± b{J Zm_ ~‹S>mB©Ÿ& am_ Z gH$qh Zm_ JwU JmB©Ÿ&&(~mbH$mÊS> 25. 4)

BgH$m H$maU `h h¡ {H$ am_ ~«÷ H$m AdVma h¡ Am¡a~«÷, nma~«÷, Am{X g~ "Zm_' Ho$ ~Zm o hþE h¢Ÿ&

{OÝhm|Zo Agbr Zm_ H$mo wbm {X`m h¡ VWm Am¡a-Am¡aZm_m| Ho$ Omn _| bJo hþE h¢, do nyam bm^ Zht bo gH$Vo,do Bg Xw{Z`m _| Cgr àH$ma \±$go ahVo h¢ {Og àH$ma JÝXJrH$m H$s‹S>m Cgr _| ^mJVm-Xm¡‹S>Vm g_` J±dm XoVm h¡…

{OZr Zm_w {dgm[aAm {H$Am Onw Omn{h hmo[aŸ&&{~gQ>m A§X[a H$sQ> go _wR>o Y§Y¡ Mmo[aŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1247)

Zm_ Ho$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a n‹T>Zm-~mobZm g~ _m`m _| h¡Ÿ&Zm_ Ho$ {~Zm H$moB© dñVw pñWa ahZo dmbr Zht, CgHo$ {gdmÀm¡a g~ nR>Z-nmR>Z Am{X »dmar (~~m©Xr) H$aVm h¡…

hmoé Hy$Sw> n‹S>Um Hy$Sw> ~mobUm _mBAm Zm{b {nAméŸ&&ZmZH$ {dUw Zmd¡ H$mo {Wé Zhr n{‹S> n{‹S> hmoB IwAméŸ&&

({gar amJ dma _. 3, 84)

JwédmUr _| gƒm n‹T>Zm Am¡a JwZZm Zm_ H$m hr _mZmJ`m h¡, na H$moB© {~abm hr Bg ~mV H$mo g_PVm h¡…

ZmZH$ n‹S>Um JwZUm BHw$ ZmC h¡ ~yP¡ H$mo ~rMmarŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 3, 1246)

n‹T>Zo {bIZo H$mo Vmo JwédmUr _| gm§gm[aH$ ì`dhma H$hm h¡…n‹S>Um Jw‹S>Um g§gma H$s H$ma h¡Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 650)

g~ Y_m] H$m gma "Zm_' h¡; g~ _Vm| _o| "Zm_' hr _hmZ h¡…gJb _Vm§V Ho$db h[aZm_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 296)

H$moB© H$_©-Y_© Zm_ H$s ~am~ar Zht H$a gH$Vm, XmZ-nwÊ`, On-Vn, doX-emó Ho$ nmR> VWm AÝ` AZoH$ H$_m]-Y_m] go Zm_ H$ht D$na h¡…

g w H$moB _rR>m _§{J XoI¡ Ig_ ^md¡ gmo H$aoŸ&&{H$Nw> nw§Z XmZ AZoH$ H$aUr Zm_ Vw{b Z g_gaoŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)nw§Z XmZ On Vn OoVo g^ D$n[a Zm_wŸ&&h[a h[a agZm Omo On¡ {Vgw nyaZ H$m_wŸ&&

(Amg _. 5, 401)~oX gmgÌ OZ {YAmd{h VaU H$C g§gméŸ&&

H$a_ Ya_ AZoH$ {H$[aAm g^ D$n[a Zm_w AMméŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 405)

H$amo‹S>m| H$_©-Y_© "Zm_' H$s ~am~ar Zht H$a gH$VoŸ&~mha Ho$ gmYZ VrW©-`mÌm, nwÊ`-XmZ, amoµOo, µOH$mV, `kAm{X AZoH$ {H«$`mE± Cg VH$ Zht nhþ±M gH$VtŸ& Zm_ H$mAä`mg hr gdm}ƒ AmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| na nhþ±Mm gH$Vm h¡,BgHo$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a H$moB© gmYZ Zht…

VZw ~og§V[a hmo_rEo BH$ aVr Vmo{b H$Q>mBŸ&&VZw _Zw g_Ym Oo H$ar AZ{XZw AJ{Z ObmBŸ&&

h[aZm_¡ Vw{b Z nwOB© Oo d‹S> H$moQ>r H$a_ H$_mBŸ&&

AaY garé H$Q>mB©Eo {g[a H$adVw YamBŸ&&VZw h¡_§M{b JmbrEo ^r _Z Vo amoJw Z OmBŸ&&h[aZm_¡ Vw{b Z nwOB© g^ {S>R>r R>mo{H$ dOmBŸ&&H§$MZ Ho$ H$moQ> XVw H$hr ~hþ h¡da J¡da XmZwŸ&&

y{_ XmZw JD$Am KUr ^r A§V[a Ja~w Jw_mZwŸ&&am_Zm{_ _Zw ~o{YAm Jw[a XrAm gMw XmZwŸ&&_Z hR> ~wYr Ho$VrAm Ho$Vo ~oX ~rMmaŸ&&Ho$Vo ~§YZ OrA Ho$ Jwa_w{I _moIXwAmaŸ&&gMhþ Amoa¡ g w H$mo Cn[a gMw AmMméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 62)

gwI_Zr gm{h~ _| "Zm_' H$s Š`m gwÝXa _{h_m JmB© h¡…Omn Vmn {JAmZ g{^ {YAmZŸ&& IQ> gmgÌ {g_¥{V ~{IAmZŸ&&OmoJ A{Âmg H$a_ Ya_ {H$[aAmŸ&& gJb {VAm{J ~Z _Yo {\$[aAmŸ&&A{ZH$ àH$ma H$sE Vhþ OVZmŸ&& nwZ XmZ hmo_o ~hþ aVZmŸ&&garé H$Q>mB hmo_¡ H$[a amVrŸ&& daV Zo_ H$a¡ ~hþ ^mVrŸ&&Zhr Vw{b am_ Zm_ ~rMmaŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w OnrEo BH$~maŸ&&ZCI§S> n¥W_r {\$a¡ {Ma Ord¡Ÿ&& _hm CXmg Vnrgé Wrd¡Ÿ&&AJ{Z _m{h hmo_V namZŸ&& H${ZH$ Añd h¡da y{_ XmZŸ&&{ZCbr H$a_ H$a¡ ~hþ AmgZŸ&& O¡Z _maJ g§O_ A{V gmYZŸ&&{Z_I {Z_I H$[a garé H$Q>md¡Ÿ&& VC ^r hC_¡ _¡bw Z Omd¡Ÿ&&h[a Ho$ Zm_ g_g[a H$Nw> ZmhrŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w OnV J{V nm{hŸ&&_Z H$m_Zm VraW Xoh Nw>Q>¡Ÿ&& Ja~w Jw_mZw Z _Z Vo hþQ>¡Ÿ&&gmoM H$a¡ {XZgw Aé am{VŸ&& _Z H$s _¡bw Z VZ Vo Om{VŸ&&Bgw Xohr H$C ~hþ gmYZm H$a¡Ÿ&& _Z Vo H$~hþ Z {~IrAm Q>a¡Ÿ&&O{b Ymod¡ ~hþ Xoh AZr{VŸ&& gwY H$hm hmoB H$mMr ^r{VŸ&&_Z h[a Ho$ Zm_ H$s _{h_m D$MŸ&& ZmZH$ Zm{_ CYao n{VV ~hþ _yMŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 265)

ñ_¥{V`m±, doX-nwamU VWm emó, g~ `hr CnXoe XoVo h¢{H$ Zm_ H$s H$_mB© Ho$ {gdm` Am¡a g~ gmYZ ì`W© h¢…

{g_¥{V ~oX nwamU nwH$ma{Z nmoWrAmŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm g{^ Hy$Sw> Jmëhr hmoN>rAmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 761)

Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Ho$ Ka (naånam _|) Bgr Zm_ H$mCnXoe h¡…

ZmZH$ H¡$ K[a Ho$db Zm_wŸ&&(^¡aC _. 5, 1136)

g~ gÝV, _hmË_m Am¡a ^º$ Bgr Zm_ H$s H$_mB© H$aVoaho Am¡a g~ Y_m] _| Bgr H$m CnXoe {_bVm h¡…

ZmZH$ Zm_ H$~ra _Vm h¡ gmo _Z naJQ> OZmB©Ÿ&&Y«w à{hbmX `hr ag _mVo {ed aho Vm‹S>r bmB©Ÿ&&

(XybZXmg Or)OmZ Am{X H${d Zm_ àVmnyŸ&& ^`C gwÕ H$[a CbQ>m OmnyŸ&&

(~mbH$mÊS>-19)

h[a Ho$ ^º$ CR>Vo-~¡R>Vo Zm_ H$s AmamYZm H$aVo h¢…D$R>V ~¡R>V gmodV Zm_Ÿ&& H$hþ ZmZH$ OZ H¡$ gX H$m_Ÿ&&g~ Y_m] _| Bgr "Zm_' H$s _{h_m H$m JmZ h¡ (à_mU

Ho$ {b o XoI| "eãX' H$m àH$aU)…

Zm_ 179


gJb _Vm§V Ho$db h[aZm_Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 296)

ga~ Ya_ _{h òogQ> Ya_wŸ&& h[a H$mo Zm_w O{n {Za_b H$a_wŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 266)

Agbr nyOm Zm_ H$s h¡, {OgHo$ Ûmam Ord H$mH$ë`mU h¡

h[a H$s nyOm Xwb§ h¡, dh H$WZ _| Zht Am gH$Vr…h[a H$s nyOm Xwb§ h¡ g§Vhþ H$hUm H$Nw> Z OmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)

h[a Ho$ {~Zm g~ Hw$N> _¡bm h¡Ÿ& Cg h[a na h_ Š`mM‹T>m gH$Vo h¢? gmam g§gma hr CgH$s nyOm H$aVm h¡, na_Z_wIr nyOm hmoZo Ho$ H$maU dh gmW©H$ Zht hmoVrŸ& Omo OrdeãX Ho$ AÝXa brZ h¢, do n{dÌ h¢, nmdZ h¢Ÿ& {~Zm Zm_ Ho$Am¡a H$moB© nyOm Zht, Ho$db `hr nyOm `WmW© h¡Ÿ& gmar Xw{Z`m«_m| _| ybr {\$a ahr h¡Ÿ& nyOm Vmo H$B© H$aVo h¢, na CgH$s

gƒr {d{Y Z OmZZo go Û¡V-^md Am¡a Xw{~Ym _| ahVo h¢…nyOm H$a¡ g w bmoHw$ g§Vhþ _Z_w{I WmB Z nmB©Ÿ&&g~{X _a¡ _Zw {Za_bw g§Vhþ EH$ nyOm WmB nmB©Ÿ&&n{dV nmdZ go OZ gmMo EH$ g~{X {bd bmB©Ÿ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ hmoa nyO Z hmodr â{_ wbr bmoH$mB©Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I Amnw nN>mU¡ g§Vhþ am_ Zm{_ {bd bmB©Ÿ&&Amno {Za_bw nyO H$amE Jwa g~Xr WmB nmB©Ÿ&&

nyOm H$a{h né {~{Y Zhr OmU{h XyO¡ ^mB _bw bmB©Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I hmod¡ gw nyOm OmU¡ ^mUm _{Z dgmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)

Zm_ Hw$b _m{bH$ h¡Zm_ Hw$b _m{bH$ h¡ VWm bmoH$-nabmoH$ _| dh g~H$m

AmYma h¡…qnSw> nV{b _oar Ho$gC {H$[aAm gMw Zm_w H$aVméŸ&&

EoW¡ AmoW¡ AmJ¡ nmN>¡ Ehþ _oam AmYméŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 358)

Zm_ AZm{X Am¡a AZÝV h¡, dh H$^r µ\$Zmh (Zï>) hmoZodmbm Zht…

{VAm{J gJb {gAmZnm Ôw nma~«h_ {Za§H$méŸ&&EH$ gmMo Zm_ ~mPhþ gJb Xrg¡ N>méŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 405)

Zm_w a{hAmo gmYy a{hAmo a{hAmo Jwa Jmoq~XŸ&&(gbmoH$ _. 9, 1429)

g~ Hw$N> Zm_ Ho$ de _| (AYrZ) h¡{OgZmo Xod¡ {Vgw {_b¡ Jwa_{V Zm_w ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

ZmZH$ g^ {H$Nw> Zmd¡ H¡$ d{g h¡ nya¡ ^m{J H$mo nmB©Ÿ&&(Amgm _. 3, 426)

AmnrÝh¡ Amnw gm{OAmo AmnrÝh¡ a{MAmo ZmCŸ&&(Amgm dma _. 1, 463)

Zm_ VVw g^ hr {g[a Omn¡Ÿ&& {~Zw Zmd¡ XwIw H$mbw g§Vmn¡Ÿ&&VVmo VVw {_b¡ _Z _mZ¡Ÿ&& nyOm OmB BH$Vw K[a AmZ¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, 943)

Zm_ g~H$m H$Vm© h¡Zm_ eãX h¡, O~ eãX Jwá Wm (XoI| "eãX' H$m àH$aU)

V~ dh AZm_ WmŸ& Cg (AZm_) Ho$ nhbo Hw$N> Zht Wm,dh ê$n-aoI go Ý`mam Wm, Cggo _m¡O CR>r Omo g~H$s H$Vm©hþB©Ÿ& `h gånyU© aMZm Bg Zm_ Ho$ AmYma na h¡, `h g~H$mAm{X Am¡a AÝV h¡Ÿ& JwédmUr H$hVr h¡ {H$ "AZm_' Zo g¥{ï>Ho$ Amaå^ _| "Zm_' H$m ñdê$n YmaU {H$`m…

AmnrÝh¡ Amnw gm{OAmo AmnrÝh¡ a{MAmo ZmCŸ&&(Amgm dma _. 1, 463)

`h g~ ngmam Zm_ H$m h¡, CgHo$ {gdm` Am¡a Hw$N>ZhtŸ& O~ g~ CËn{Îm Cgr go h¡ Vmo CgH$m AmYma ^r Zm_Ho$ {gdm` Am¡a Š`m hmo gH$Vm h¡…

OoVm H$sVm VoVm ZmCŸ&& {dUw Zmd¡ Zmhr H$mo WmCŸ&&(OnwOr, 4)

MoVZ Am¡a O‹S>, Jwá VWm àH$Q> g~ Cgr go ~Zo h¢…Zm_¡ hr Vo g w {H$Nw> hmoAm {~Zw g{VJwa Zm_w Z Omn¡Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 753)

Zm_ hr gånyU© g¥{ï> H$m "g¥OZhma' h¡ Am¡a dhr g~H$mà{VnmbZ H$a ahm h¡…

h[a h[a CV_w Zm_w h¡ {O{Z {g[aAm g w H$moB OrCŸ&&h[a OrA g o à{VnmbXm K{Q> K{Q> a_B©Am gmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 81)Zm_¡ Vo g{^ D$nO¡ ^mB© ZmB {dg[aEo _[a OmBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 603)

{ÌbmoH$s VWm Mm¡Wo bmoH$, AZoH$ IÊS>-~«÷mÊS>, AmH$me,nmVmb g~ nw[a`m|, ^dZm| VWm CZ_| Am~mX Ord-OÝVwAm| H$m~ZmZo dmbm Zm_ h¡Ÿ& Jwé AOw©Z gm{h~ H¡$go gwhmdZo T>±J gogwI_Zr gm{h~ _| g~Ho$ H$Vm© Zm_ H$s _{h_m H$m dU©ZH$aVo h¢…

Zm_ Ho$ Ymao gJbo O§VŸ&& Zm_ Ho$ Ymao I§S> ~«h_§SŸ&&>Zm_ Ho$ Ymao AmJmg nmVmbŸ&& Zm_ Ho$ Ymao gJb AmH$maŸ&&

Zm_ Ho$ Ymao nwarAm g^ ^dZŸ&& Zm_ Ho$ g§{J CYao gw{Z òdZŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 284)

IÊS>-~«÷mÊS> VWm wJ g~ Zm_ Ho$ hr Amgao Mb aho h¢…I§S> ~«h_§S> H$m EH$mo R>mUm Jw[a naXm Imo{b {XImBAmoŸ&&ZC {Z{Y Zm_w {ZYmZw BH$ R>mB© VC ~mh[a ~¡R>o OmBAmoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 205)

Zm_ Š`m h¡?{Og Zm_ H$s _{h_m JwédmUr H$s VwH$-VwH$ _| AmB©

h¡, dh Zm_ Š`m h¡? Bg na {dMma H$aZo H$s Amdí`H$Vmh¡Ÿ& Zm_ H$m dU©Z H$aZm Agå^d h¡Ÿ& g_PZo Ho$ {b o, Zm_MoVZ H$s AWdm eãX H$s Ymam H$mo H$hVo h¢Ÿ& O~ Bg_|(MoVZ _|) WaWamhQ> (H§$nZ) hmoVr h¡ Vmo Cg WaWamhQ> Ho${gb{gbo (H«$_) _§o AmdmµO àH$Q> hmoVr h¡, Cgo h_ Zm_H$hVo h¢, `hr Zm_ `m eãX ({dñVma Ho$ {b o XoI§o "eãX'H$m àH$aU) gånyU© aMZm H$m AmYma h¡Ÿ& Ohm± aMZm hmoJrdhm± eãX Adí` hmoJm Omo AmdmµO go a{hV ZhtŸ& eãX gd©Ìì`má h¡, H$moB© ñWmZ Bggo arVm ZhtŸ& `h H$ht àH$Q> h¡ VmoH$ht Jwá, BgH$m Jw§OZ ga go n¡am| VH$ hmo ahm h¡, `hr g¥{ï>H$m na_ VËd, Om¡ha Am¡a gma h¡…

nrnm àUd¡ na_ VVw h¡ g{VJwa hmoB© bImd¡Ÿ&&(YZmgar nrnm, 695)

g~ _µOh~m| dmbo _m{bH$ H$mo eãX-ñdê$n H$hH$adU©Z H$aVo h¢Ÿ& `h Zm_ MoVZ H$s Ymam h¡ Omo aMZm H$aZoH$m gm_Ï © aIVr h¡Ÿ& Bgr Ho$ Amgao gwaV {nÊS>, AÊS> Am¡a~«÷mÊS> Ho$ nma {ZO-Ka VH$ nhþ±MVr h¡Ÿ& _hmË_mAm| H$sdm{U`m| go Xmo àH$ma Ho$ Zm_m| H$m nVm MbVm h¡Ÿ& EH$ Vmo~mhar Zm_, Omo {bIZo-n‹T>Zo _| Am gH$Vm h¡, {Ogo Anam{dÚm `m Bë_o-µOmhar ^r H$hVo h¢, Omo {dÛmZm| H$m {d^mJ h¡Ÿ&BgH$mo dUm©Ë_H$ Zm_ ^r H$hm J`m h¡Ÿ& dUm©Ë_H$ go Xw{Z`mHo$ g~ H$m_ hmoVo h¢Ÿ& g~ J«ÝW-nmo{W`m± Bgr _| h¢Ÿ& µO~mZHo$ Ûmam Ord, Š`m BÝgmZ Am¡a Š`m h¡dmZ, AnZo {dMmam|H$mo EH$ Xygao VH$ nhþ±MmVo h¢Ÿ& EH$ ~ÝXa Mt-Mt H$aHo$ g~~ÝXam| H$mo EH${ÌV H$a boVm h¡Ÿ& dUm©Ë_H$ Zm_ na_mW© Ho$_mJ© _| h_mar nhbr gr‹T>r h¡Ÿ& Bg_| {MÎm H$mo EH$mJ« H$aZoHo$ {b o {H$gr Zm_ H$m {Oh²dm `m _Z Ûmam Omn H$aZm hmoVmh¡Ÿ& `h dUm©Ë_H$ Zm_ H$m Omn Mma àH$ma H$m h¡…1. ~¡Iar • {Og_| µO~mZ Ûmam,2. _Ü`_m • {Og_| _Z Ûmam H$ÊR>-MH«$ na,3. ng§Vr (ní`§Vr) • {Og_| _Z Ûmam öX`-MH«$ na Am¡a4. nam • {Og_| _Z H$s gyú_ d¥{Îm Ûmam Zm{^-MH«$ na Omn{H$`m OmVm h¡Ÿ&

Bg àH$ma Ho$ Zm_ go gwI VWm Hw$N> empÝV AmVr h¡,na dh nyU© Zht, Š`m|{H$ o g~ _wµH$m_ {ed-ZoÌ go ZrMo-ZrMo h¢Ÿ&

Xygam, "AJ_ AJmoMa' `m "Jwá' Zm_ h¡ Omo ñd § h[ago {ZH$bVm h¡ Am¡a CgH$m ê$n h¡Ÿ& Bgo nma {dÚm `mYwZmË_H$ Zm_ H$hm OmVm h¡, Bg_| Ho$db "nam nya~bo Zm_'(µOmVr Zm_ `m {ZO Zm_) H$s Üd{Z gwZr Om gH$Vr h¡Ÿ&BgH$m Ajam| _| dU©Z Zht hmo gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& Omo ~µJ¡a {Oh²dmHo$ öX` Ho$ AÝXa OnVm h¡Ÿ& Ho$db dhr IÊS>m|-~«÷mÊS>m| Ho$

~ZmZo dmbo Cg Zm_ H$mo OmZVm h¡…{~Zw {Ohdm H$mo On¡ {hAmBŸ&& H$moB© OmUo H¡$gm ZmCŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 1256)

YwZmË_H$ Zm_ H$s YwZ h¡ Vmo _Zwî` Ho$ AÝXa, na O~VH$ H$moB© Zm_ H$m oXr Z {_bo, dh g_P _| Zht AmVrŸ&h_ Bg Zm_ Ho$ {~Zm AnZr C_a ì`W© J±dm OmVo h¢Ÿ&

Zm_ dU© h¡ Am¡a Zm_r YwZmË_H$ h¡Ÿ& bµâOm| go MbH$aCgo OmZm Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& dUm©Ë_H$ Zm_ H$m Omn {Oh²dm goàmaå^ hmoVm h¡ (XoI| "gw{_aZ' H$m àH$aU), dh na_mW© H$snhbr gr‹T>r h¡ Am¡a Bg{b o Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& a{dXmg Or BgHo$~mao _| dU©Z H$aVo h¢…

{~Zw XoIo CnO¡ Zhr AmgmŸ&& Omo Xrg¡ gmo hmoB {~ZmgmŸ&&~aZ g{hV Omo Omn¡ Zm_wŸ&& gmo OmoJr Ho$db {ZhH$m_wŸ&&

(^¡aC a{dXmg Or, 1167)

ñWyb Zm_ EH$ H$R>nwVbr H$s ^m±{V h¡, Omo XoIZo _| VmoAmgao go a{hV _mby_ hmoVr h¡, na CgHo$ nrN>o EH$ AÔí`Vma hmoVm h¡ Omo ZMmZo dmbo Ho$ hmW _| ahVm h¡, Bgr àH$maZm_ Am¡a Zm_r H$m gå~ÝY h¡Ÿ& h_H$mo dm{hJwé Ho$ AjarZm_ Ûmam, dm{hJwé Omo MrµO h¡ Cgo nH$‹S>Zm h¡Ÿ& dU©, _ZH$mo EH$mJ« H$aZo Ho$ {b o Mm{h o, na YwZ Ho$ {~Zm gwaV XohH$mo N>mo‹S>H$a D$nar _ÊS>bm| _| Zht M‹T> gH$VrŸ& dUm©Ë_H$~mob-Mmb H$s ^mfm _| h¡, Omo ha EH$ Xoe H$s {^ÝZ-{^ÝZh¡, na YwZmË_H$ Zm_ ~mobZo _| Zm Am gH$Zo dmbr ^mfm _|h¡, Omo gmao OhmZ Ho$ {b o EH$ hr h¡Ÿ&

gÝVm| H$m CnXoe g~Ho$ {b o g_mZ h¡, j{Ì`, ~«÷U,eyÐ Am¡a d¡í`, g§gma H$s g~ dU©-Om{V`m| Ho$ {b o, KQ>-KQ> _| hmoZo dmbo Cg EH$ hr Zm_ H$m CnXoe h¡…

IÌr ~«mh_U gyX d¡g CnXogw Mhþ daZm H$C gmPmŸ&&Jwa_w{I Zm_w On¡ CYa¡ gmo H${b _{h K{Q> K{Q> ZmZH$ _mPmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 747)

OÝ_ gmIr (n¥ð> 174) _| {_`m± {_R²>R>o H$s gmIr AmB©h¡, {Og_| Zm_ na àH$me S>mbm J`m h¡Ÿ& {_R>Z-H$moQ> _| EH$µ\$H$sa {_`m± {MR²>R>m Or Wo {OZgo Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ {_bo VWmAZoH$ {df`m| na MMm© H$sŸ& Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Zo H$hm, ""{_`m±{_R²>R>m, gƒo Zm_ Ho$ {~Zm _Zwî` ~ÝYZm| _| \±$gVm h¡, Zm_Ho$ ~µJ¡a CgH$m Nw>Q>H$mam ZhtŸ&'' {_`m± {_R²>R>o Ho$ nyN>Zo na {H$Zm_ Š`m h¡, Jwé gm{h~ Zo CÎma {X`m, ""{_`m± {_R²>R>m ! CgZm_ H$s H$s_V H$^r {H$gr Zo nmB© h¡? `h g_P-~yP H$s~mV Zht, AZw d H$s ~mV h¡Ÿ&'' {_`m± {_R²>R>o Zo {dZVr H$s,""_hmamO ! {Og àH$ma ^r hmo gHo$, _wPo `h Jwá dñVw~VbmAmoŸ&'' V~ Jwé gm{h~ Zo H$hm, ""H$mZ bJmH$a gwZ, VwPoHw$N> gwZmB© Xo ahm h¡?'' {_`m± {_R²>R>o Zo CÎma {X`m, ""Or ZhtŸ&''V~ ~m~m Zo {_`m± {_R²>R>o H$s ~m±h nH$‹S>r, Cgo EH$ Vaµ\$ boJ o Am¡a AnZr Ñ{ï> XoH$a nyN>Zo bJo, ""{_`m± {_R²>R>m ! A~VwPo Hw$N> gwZmB© XoVm h¡?'' V~ {_`m {_R²>R>o Zo H$hm, ""ho

Zm_ 181


XrZmZmW, n{VV-CYmaZ, _wPo Vmo Eogm àVrV hmoVm h¡ {H$dm{hJwé Ho$ Zm_ H$s AQy>Q> bha| _oao amo_-amo_ _| ~h ahr h¢Ÿ&''Bg gmIr go nVm MbVm h¡ {H$ Zm_ AH$WZr` dñVw h¡, Cg_|Jw±OZ (YwZ) h¡ Am¡a dh Ho$db AZw d H$s MrµO h¡…

Jwa_w{I amo{_ amo{_ h[a {YAmd¡Ÿ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 941)

Bg{b o gÝV H$hVo h¢ {H$ na_mË_m EH$ h¡ VWm Cggo{_bZo H$m _mJ© ^r EH$ hr h¡Ÿ& `h EH$ Eogm gmYZ h¡ Omo{H$gr Om{V `m Y_© _| ~mYm Zht S>mbVmŸ& {H$gr ^r µH$m¡_`m _µOh~ H$m ì`{º$ Bg gmYZ H$mo ~µJ¡a {H$gr amoH$-Q>moH$Ho$ H$a gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& `h Zm_ H$m _mJ© g~Ho$ KQ> Ho$ AÝXah¡, Omo AÝXa Am OmE dh Cg na MbH$a _m{bH$ Ho$ gmWEH$ hmo gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& na Bg ~mV H$s g_P V~ hr AmVr h¡O~ Zm_ Ho$ gmW EH$Vm ñWm{nV hmo OmEŸ& ha EH$ _Zwî`{H$Ýhr Z {H$Ýht AmñWmAm| AWdm {dMmam| Ho$ gmW OÝ_m| go~±Ym n‹S>m h¡, dh ZdrZ {dMmam| H$mo erK« J«hU Zht H$agH$VmŸ& {H$gr H$_mB© dmbo _hmË_m H$m gËg§J H$aVo-H$aVoZm_ Ho$ oX H$s Hw$N> g_P AmZo bJ OmVr h¡Ÿ&

Zm_ _| Üd{Z `m AmdmµO h¡Zm_ _| {Z_©b Üd{Z h¡Ÿ& dh àË oH$ öX` _| hmo ahr h¡,

gVJwé go ~moY {_bZo na dh g~Ho$ AÝXa gwZmB© XoVr h¡,CgH$m {µOH«$ g~ Y_©-emó H$aVo h¢…

JwU Jmoq~X Zm_ Yw{Z ~mUrŸ&& {g_¥{V gmgÌ ~oX ~ImUrŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 296)

{haX¡ Zm_w gXm Yw{Z {ZhMb KQ>¡ Z H$s_{V nmB©Ÿ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ g w H$moB© {ZaYZw g{VJw[a ~yP ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232)ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&

ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1240)

{_`m± {_R²>R>o H$s gmIr, Omo {nN>bo erf©H$ _| Xo AmEh¢, Zm_ _| Üd{Z hmoZo na H$mµ\$r àH$me S>mbVr h¡Ÿ&

Zm_ H$mo gwZZo H$m ñWmZO~ H$m`m ê$nr ZJar _| gwaV {g_Q> H$a D$na H$mo

M‹T>Vr h¡ Am¡a Am±Im| Ho$ nrN>o Aï>-Xb H$_b _| Am OmVrh¡, V~ dh Zm_ H$mo gwZVr h¡…

H$mBAm ZJar _{h _§J{U M‹T>{h OmoJr Vm Zm_w nb¡ nmB©Ÿ&&(am_H$br _. 3, 908)

Zm_ _| ~‹S>r gwarbr VWm _Z-_mo{hZr Üd{Z h¡ {OgH$mogwZH$a gwaV AmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| H$s Amoa qIMr AmVr h¡ {OgàH$ma bmoho H$s gyB© Mwå~H$ H$s Amoa qIM OmVr h¡, Š`m|{H$h_mar gwaV, Zm_ Am¡a _m{bH$ EH$ hr Om¡ha (VËd) Ho$ h¢Ÿ&Zm_ H$s H${ee go ê$h Bg eara ê$nr H$~« H$mo N>mo‹S>H$a

~mha Am OmVr h¡Ÿ& _m¡bmZm ê$_ gm{h~ H$hVo h¢…Ja ~Jmo _ e_mE µOm± ZµJ_hmŸ&

_wX©hm ga ~a µOZÝX AµO X»_hmŸ&AWm©V², AJa CZ amJm| H$m VwPo Wmo‹S>m-gm ^r hmb ~VmD±$

Vmo ({Oñ_ ê$nr) µH$~«m| go ê$h| CR> I‹S>r hm|Ÿ&`h Zm_ AnZo Amn àH$Q> h¡Ÿ& nhbo {H$gr Z {H$gr Zm_

Ho$ CƒmaU Ûmam ~mha go d¥{Îm`m| H$mo hQ>m H$a AÝV_w©I H$aZmn‹S>Vm h¡, V~ BgH$s YwZH$ma AnZo Amn gwZmB© XoZo bJ OmVr h¡Ÿ&Zm_ H$mo gwZZo go ~oIwXr Am¡a _ñVr Am OmVr h¡…

Zm_o amVo AZ{XZw _mVo Zm_¡ Vo gwIw hmoBŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 946)

Xw{Z`m Ho$ Zeo CVa OmZo dmbo hmoVo h¢, na Zm_ _| brZhmoH$a AmË_m Cg _ñVr _| ahVr h¡ {OgH$m Iw_ma (Zem){XZ-amV H$^r Qy>Q>Zo dmbm Zht…

Zm_ Iw_mar ZmZH$m M‹T>r ah¡ {XZ amVŸ&&(OÝ_ gmIr, _hbm 1)

Zm_ go hr Ord Or{dV h¡, BgHo$ {~Zm _m¡V h¡…AmIm Ordm {dga¡ _[a OmCŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 9)_oao àrV_m hC Ordm Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&

{~Zw Zmd¡ OrdUw Zm WrEo _oao g{VJwa Zm_w {Ñ‹S>mBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 4, 40)

O~ VH$ Bg Jwá Zm_ (YwZmË_H$) Ho$ gmW gwaV ZhtOw‹S>Vr, Ord H$m nyU© H$ë`mU Zht hmoVmŸ&

Zm_ Ho$ Aä`mg H$m g_`Zm_ {H$gr ^r g_` Onm Om gH$Vm h¡, na A_¥V-

dobm (àmV…H$mb H$m g_`) {deof ê$n go \$bXm`H$ h¡,(XoI| "A_¥V-dobm' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ&

A§{_«V dobm gMw ZmC d{S>AmB© drMméŸ&&(OnwOr, 2)

PmbmKo C{R> Zm_w Om{n {Z{g ~mgwa Amam{YŸ&&H$mhm© VwP¡ Z {~AmnB© ZmZH$ {_Q>¡ Cnm{YŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 255)

Zm_ H$s Üd{Z h_H$mo gwZmB© Š`m| Zht XoVr?_Z Va§Jm| _| ~h ahm h¡, BgHo$ AÝXa {df`-{dH$mam| H$m

_¡b âm n‹S>m h¡, {Oggo h_mam ˜`mb \¡$b ahm h¡ Am¡aBg{b o gwaV Zm_ H$s YwZ H$mo nH$‹S> Zht gH$Vr…

_{Z _¡bo ^J{V Z hmodB© Zm_w Z nmBAm OmBŸ&&_Z_wIw _¡bo _¡bo _wE Omg{Z n{V JdmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 39){OMé Bhþ _Zw bhar {d{M h¡ hC_¡ ~hþVw Ah§H$méŸ&&

g~X¡ gmXw Z AmdB© Zm{_ Z bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 3, 1247)

Zm_ BpÝÐ`m| H$m {df` ZhtAgbr Zm_ AÑï>, AJmoMa Am¡a Anma h¡, dh ~mha H$s

{Oh²dm Ho$ {~Zm AnZo Amn hmo ahm h¡Ÿ& Bg Zm_ Ho$ Aä`mgÛmam {MV-d¥{Îm {g_Q>Vr h¡ Am¡a _Z de _| AmVm h¡Ÿ& JwéZmZH$ gm{h~ Bgr Zm_ H$s àm{á Ho$ {b o CnXoe XoVo h¢…AÑgQ> AJmoMé Zm_w AnmamŸ&& A{V agw _rR>m Zm_w {nAmamŸ&&ZmZH$ H$C Ow{J Ow{J h[a Ogw XrO¡ h[a OnrEo A§Vw Z nmBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1042)

Agbr Zm_ Jwá Am¡a Abä` h¡gƒm Zm_ Jwá h¡ Am¡a dh g~Ho$ AÝXa n[anyU© ê$n

go ì`má h¡Ÿ& BgHo$ àH$Q> hmoZo Ho$ {b o {H$gr Zm_ H$s nyU©H$_mB© H$aZo dmbo _hmË_m go (AmpË_H$) OrdZ-XmZ àmáH$aZo H$s Amdí`H$Vm h¡…JwnVm Zm_w daV¡ {d{M H$bOw{J K{Q> K{Q> h[a âny[a a{hAmŸ&&Zm_w aVZw {VZm {haX¡ àJ{Q>Am Omo Jwa gaUmB© ^{O nBAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

g§gma _| g~ Hw$N> {_b gH$Vm h¡, na `h Jwá Zm_Abä` h¡, Xwb© h¡Ÿ& `h Ho$db {H$gr Jwé_wI Ho$ {hñgo _|hr Am gH$Vm h¡…

Bgw OJ _{h Zm_w Ab w h¡ Jwa_w{I dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

OwJ _m{h Zm_w Xwb§ w h¡ Jwa_w{I nmBAm OmBŸ&&(JyOar _. 3, 490)

Zm_ _m{bH$ Ho$ gmW {_bmZo H$s S>moa h¡Zm_ H$s Ymam gmao ~«÷mÊS> _| n[anyU© ê$n go ì`má

hmoH$a g~H$s g± mb H$a ahr h¡Ÿ& `h eara ^r ~«÷mÊS> H$mN>moQ>m-gm Z_yZm h¡, dh BgHo$ AÝXa ^r {~amO_mZ hmoH$ag± mb H$a ahr h¡Ÿ& Bgr Ymam Ho$ Ûmam h_mam _m{bH$ Ho$ gmWVma ~±Ym hþAm h¡ Omo H$^r Vmo‹S>Zo go ^r Zht Qy>Q> gH$VmŸ& `hYmam _pñVîH$ H$s Amoa go eara Ho$ ZrMo Ho$ ^mJm| VH$ Omahr h¡Ÿ& {Og àH$ma _N>br nmZr H$s Yma Ho$ ghmao D$naM‹S> OmVr h¡, Cgr àH$ma gwaV Zm_ H$s S>moa H$mo nH$‹S>H$aZm_ Ho$ ^ÊS>ma _| nhþ±M gH$Vr h¡Ÿ& Bg{b o Bg Zm_ Ho$gmYZ H$mo CbQ>m _mJ© ^r H$hm OmVm h¡Ÿ& BgH$mo N>mo‹S>H$a Am¡ag~ gmYZ àd¥{Îm Ho$ _mJ© h¢…

Zm_ g§{J {Og H$m _Zw _m{ZAmŸ&&ZmZH$ {VZ{h {Za§OZw Om{ZAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 281)

Zm_ ghO _| nhþ±MmZo H$m _mÜ`_ h¡{Og àH$ma eãX Ho$ àH$aU _| ~Vm`m J`m h¡ {H$ D$na

Ho$ _ÊS>bm| _| AmË_m eãX Ho$ Amgao {ZO-Ka VH$ nhþ±MVr

h¡, eãX Ho$ {~Zm gwaV A±Yr h¡, Cgr àH$ma Zm_ ^r gwaVHo$ {b o Q>oH$ Am¡a AmYma H$m H$m_ XoVm h¡, {OgHo$ ghmao`h ghO _| nhþ±MZo `mo½` hmo OmVr h¡Ÿ& BgH$s àm{á Ho$ {b oAaXmg (àmW©Zm) H$s JB© h¡…

ZmZHw$ nBA§n¡ XBAm Ymahþ _¡ Zm_w A§Ywbo Q>mohZrŸ&&({~bmdbw _. 5, 847)

_¡ A§Ywbo H$s Q>oH$ Voam Zm_w Iw§XH$mamŸ&&_¡ Jar~ _¢ _gH$sZ Voam Zm_w h¡ AYmamŸ&&

({Vb§Jw Zm_Xod Or, 727)

H${b`wJ _| Ho$db Zm_ H$m gmYZ gmW©H$ h¡O~ _Zwî` _| JwUm| H$m Zme hmo OmVm h¡ Am¡a AdJwU

à~b hmo OmVo h¢, O~ Y_©-H$_© H$m H$moB© Aga Zht hmoVm,V~ Kmoa H${b wJ _| nyao Jwé Zm_ H$m àMma H$aVo h¢Ÿ& O~Xoe _| CnÐd ~‹T> OmVo h¢, Mmam| Amoa AÝYH$ma \¡$b OmVmh¡, _Zwî` ~b-~w{Õ go hrZ hmo OmVo h¢, Eogo g_` _| Zm_Ho$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a H$moB© gwI¡Z VWm erK« Aga H$aZo dmbmgmYZ ZhtŸ& Y_©-H$_© Bg wJ _| \$bXm`H$ Zht hmoVo, `h~rVo wJm| H$m Y_© h¡…

H$b wJ _{h H$saVZw naYmZmŸ&&(_mê$ _. 5, 1075)

a{dXmg Or µ\$a_mVo h¢ {H$ gV wJ _| gV, ÌoVm _| `kAm{X Am¡a Ûmna _| _y{V©-nyOm H$m [admO Wm, na H${b wJ_| Ho$db Zm_ H$m hr AmYma h¡…

gVOw{J gVw VoVm OJr XwAmn[a nyOmMmaŸ&&VrZm¡ OwJ VrZm¡ {X‹S>o H${b Ho$db Zm_ AYmaŸ&&

(JC‹S>r a{dXmg Or, 346)

Jmoñdm_r VwbgrXmg Or Bg ~mao _| a{dXmg Or Ho$g_mZ _V aIVo h¢…Ü`mZ àW_ OwJ _I {~{Y XyOoŸ&& Ûmna n[aVmofV à w nyOoŸ&&H${b Ho$db _b _yb _brZmŸ&& nmn n`mo{Z{Y OZ _Z _rZmŸ&&Zm_ H$m_Vé H$mb H$ambmŸ&& gw{_aV g_Z gH$b OJ OmbmŸ&&

(~mbH$mÊS>, 26, 2-3)

AWm©V², gV wJ _§| bmoJ Ü`mZ H$aVo Wo, ÌoVm _| `k Am{Xgo H$m_ boVo Wo, Ûmna _| _y{V©-nyOm Wr, A~ H${b wJ _| àmUrnmnm| Ho$ g_wÐ _| _N>br Ho$ g_mZ _¾ ahVo h¢Ÿ& Zm_ H$ën-d¥j ~ZH$a gw{_aZ Ûmam g~ O§Omb H$mQ> XoVm h¡ VWm nmnm|H$mo Xya H$a XoVm h¡…

H$bOw{J Zm_w àYmZw nXmaWw ^JV OZm CYaoŸ&&(_mê$ _. 4, 995)

H$b wJ H$_© Y_© Zqh H$moB©Ÿ&& Zm_ {~Zm CÕma Z hmoB©Ÿ&&(gma ~MZ 337)

Jwé AOw©Z gm{h~ ^r `hr µ\$a_mVo h¢…

Zm_ 183


H${bOwJ _{h BH$ Zm{_ CYmêŸ &&$(^¡aC _. 5, 1138)

H$b wJ _| Am¡a {H$gr gmYZ H$s F$Vw Zht, Bg_| Ho$dbZm_ hr \$b gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& Bg{b o JwédmUr _| Zm_ Ho$ ~rO~moZo H$m hr AmJ«hnyd©H$ CnXoe h¡…

A~ H$bw AmBAmo aoŸ&& BHw$ Zm_ ~modhþ ~modhþŸ&&AZ ê${V Zmhr ZmhrŸ&& _Vw â{_ ybhþ ybhþŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 5, 1185)

gmo H${b wJ _| {OZH$mo Zm_ {_bm h¡ CZ na ~{b-~{bOmZm Mm{h o…H$hþ ZmZH$ VmH¡$ ~{b OmCŸ&& H${b wJ _{h nmBAm {O{Z ZmCŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1218)

Mmam| wJm| _| Zm_ Ûmam hr CÕma hþAm h¡Zm_ H$m àMma àmMrZ go àmMrZ h¡Ÿ& `h _m{bH$ H$m

{Z`_ h¡Ÿ& O~ go Xw{Z`m ~Zr, BgH$m àMma hmoVm ahm Am¡aOrd H$m H$ë`mU Bgr Ho$ ghmao hmoVm ahm h¡Ÿ& H$~ra gm{h~,Jwa ZmZH$ gm{h~w VWm Zm¡ nmVe{h`m± (Zm¡ Jwé), XmXy gm{h~,nbQy> gm{h~, Vwbgr gm{h~, {nN>bo Mma-nm±M gm¡ dfm] _|BgH$m àdmh MbmVo ahoŸ& _wgb_mZ µ\$µH$ram| _| Voam-Mm¡Xh gm¡dfm] go Zm_ H$s Vmbr_ H$m àMma h¡Ÿ& hµOaV _whå_X gm{h~VWm AÝ` µ\$µH$ra, eåg Va~oµO, _m¡bdr ê$_, hm{µ\$µO gm{h~Am{X ^r BgH$m àMma H$aVo ahoŸ& 1900 df© nyd© _hmË_m g|Q>Om°Z Am¡a `gy _grh gm{h~ BgHo$ g§Ho$V XoVo ahoŸ& Bgr àH$mahµOaV µOaXwíV Or _hmamO ^r BgHo$ CnXoeH$ WoŸ& T>mB© hµOmagmb nhbo _hmË_m ~wÕ Zo ^r BgH$m Aä`mg {H$`m WmŸ&JmoaIZmW Or ^r Zm_ H$s hr Vmbr_ XoVo ahoŸ& {_l H$s_rZmam| ({nao{_S>m|) H$mo ImoOZo go nVm bJm h¡ {H$ AmO go4000 df© nyd© {_l _| AIZrQ>Z Zm_H$ EH$ amOm Zo$ Zm_H$m àdmh Mbm`m WmŸ& do Zm_ H$m "EQ>Z' H$hH$a dU©Z H$aVoWoŸ& Cn{ZfXm| Ho$ g_` _| ^r Zm_ Ho$ àMma H$s àUmbr Jwáê$n _| ahr, {OgHo$ Bemao h_H$mo Cn{ZîXm| _| {_bVo h¢Ÿ& Ûmna_| H¥$îU _hmamO Or Zm_ `m eãX H$s {ejm go n[a{MV WoŸ&F$JdoX _| ^r, Mmam| doXm| Am¡a g§gma H$s g~ Y_©-nwñVH$m|go nwamZm _mZm OmVm h¡, Zm_ Ho$ g§Ho$V {_bVo h¢, BgHo$dmH²$Xodr gyº$ _| Zm_ `m eãX H$s ~‹S>r _{h_m H$s JB© h¡(à_mUm| Ho$ {b o XoI| "eãX' Am¡a "dmUr' Ho$ àH$aU)Ÿ&

H$~ra gm{h~ Zo AnZr dmUr _| ~Vm`m h¡ {H$ do Mmam|wJm| _| Am o Am¡a Zm_ H$m àMma H$aVo aho VWm do µ\$a_mVo

h¢ {H$ CZ wJm| _| CZH$m Zm_ gVgwH¥$V, _wZrÝÐ Am¡aH$éUm_` Wm VWm A~ H$~ra h¡Ÿ&

JwédmUr Vmo gm\$ H$hVr h¡ {H$ Mmam| wJm| _| bmoJm| H$mCÕma Zm_ Ho$ Ûmam hr hþAm h¡ Am¡a dh Zm_ Ho$db Jwé_wIm|H$mo hr àmá hþAm h¡…

OwJ Mmao Zm_w CV_w g~Xw ~rMm[aŸ&&H${b _{h Jwa_w{I CVa{g nm[aŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 229)Zm_o CYao g{^ {OVZo bmoAŸ&& Jwa_w{I {OZm namn{V hmoBŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1129)EH$ Zm{_ OwJ Mm[a CYmao g~Xo Zm_ {dgmhm hoŸ&&

(gmobho _. 3, 1055)

Zm_ H$m YZ {ZíMb VWm Zme-a{hV h¡Ho$db Zm_ ê$nr YZ hr {ZíMb h¡, ~mµH$r g~ YZ

ZmedmZ h¢Ÿ& Bg YZ H$mo Z AmJ Obm gH$Vr h¡, Z nmZr~hm gH$Vm h¡ Am¡a Z hr H$moB© Mmoa-CMŠH$m Mwam gH$Vm h¡…

EH$mo {ZhMb Zm_w YZ hmoé YZw Amd¡ OmBŸ&&Bgw YZ H$C VgH$é Omo{h Z gH$B© Z AmoMH$m b¡ OmBŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 511)gmo YZw dIé Zm_w [aX¡ h_maoŸ&& {Ogw Vy Xo{h {Vg¡ {ZgVma¡Ÿ&&Z Bhþ YZ Ob¡ Z VgH$é b¡ OmBŸ&& Z Bhþ YZw Sy>~¡ Z Bgw YZ H$C{_b¡ gOmBŸ&& (_mê$ _. 1, 991)

Zm_ {ZaÝVa VWm AZÝV ^ÊS>ma h¡Zm_ {ZaÝVa h¡, dh AZÝV ^ÊS>ma h¡ Omo H$^r Imbr hmoZo

dmbm ZhtŸ& BgH$mo àXmZ H$aZo dmbm gVJwé h¡ VWm `h Jwé_wIm|H$mo {_bVm h¡Ÿ& BgH$mo nmH$a _wI C‚mdb hmo OmVm h¡…

h_ K[a Z_w IOmZm gXm h¡ ^J{V âo §S>mamŸ&&gVJwé XmVm OrA H$m gX Ord¡ XodUhmamŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 4, 593)

Zm_w AIwQw> {ZYmZw h¡ Jwa_w{I _{Z d{gAmŸ&&(gyhr dma _. 5, 787)

AIwQw> Z_ YwZ H$Xo {ZIwQ>¡ Zmhr {H$Z¡ Z H$s_{V hmoBŸ&&Zm_ Y{Z _wI CObo hmoE h[a nmBAm gMw gmoBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 600)

Zm_ gƒm "d»Ia' AWm©V² gm¡Xm h¡ŸZm_ H$m YZ gÀMm gm¡Xm h¡, Omo KQ> KQ> J{ha Jå^ra h¡…

gMw dIé YZw Zm_w h¡ K{Q> K{Q> J{ha J§ raŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 12)

Zm_ hþŠ_ h¡, eãX h¡hþH$_ _§Zo gmo OZw nadmUwŸ&& Jwé H¡$ g~{X Zm{_ ZrgmUwŸ&&

(~g§Vw _. 3, 1175)

Zm_ ^º$m| H$s ny±Or h¡, Jwé BgH$m gmhÿH$ma Am¡a{gŠI ({eî`) ~ZOmam h¡

IaMw IOmZm Zm_ YZw BAm ^JVZ H$s am{gŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 253)

YZw§ Y§Zw go gmh h¡ {O Zm{_ H$a{h dmnméŸ&&dUOmao {gI AmdXo g~{X bKmdUhméŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 4, 313)

Zm_ H$m gƒm gmhÿH$ma _m{bH$ ñd § h¡aVZ nXmaW h[a Zm_w Vw_mam OrCŸ&&Vy§ gMm gmhÿ ^JVw dUOmam OrCŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 217)

Zm_ AmYma h¡Zm_ Ordm| H$m AmYma h¡, Amgam h¡Ÿ& `h ^º$-OZm| H$m

gIm VWm {_Ì h¡, `hr ^º$m| H$s Om{V h¡ Am¡a `hr CZH$m_mZ h¡Ÿ& do BgH$s H$_mB© H$aHo$ pñWa hmo OmVo h¢…OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w AYmé Q>oH$ h¡ {~Zw Zmd¡ Adé Z hmoB OrCŸ&&OJw CnO¡ {~Zg¡ {~Z{g {~Zmg¡ b{J Jwa_w{I Ag{Wé hmoB OrCŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 447)à^ Or H$mo Zm_w _Z{h gmYma¡Ÿ&&

OrA àmZ gyI Bgw _Z H$C ~aV{Z Bh h_ma¡Ÿ&&Zm_w Om{V Zm_w _oam n{V h¡ Zm_w _oa¡ nadma¡Ÿ&&

Zm_w gImB© gXm _oa¡ g§{J h[a Zm_w _moH$C {ZgVma¡Ÿ&&(Q>moS>r _. 5, 713)

gmMm Zm_w _oam AmYmamoŸ&&gmMw Zm_w AYmé _oam {O{Z wIm g{^ JdmB©AmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)H$h¡ ZmZHw$ gwUhþ g§Vhþ g~{X Yahþ {nAmamoŸ&&

gmMm Zm_ _oam AmYmamoŸ&&(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

Voam EHw$ Zm_ Vmao g§gméŸ&& _¡ Ehm Amg Ehmo AmYméŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 14)

Zm_ H$m gmYZZm_ H$m CnXoe XoVo g_` Jwé {eî` H$mo Zm_ Ho$ gmYZ

H$m nyam-nyam hmb ñnï> H$aHo$ g_PmVo h¢Ÿ& BgH$m Hw$N> dU©ZD$na ""Zm_ Š`m h¡?'' erf©H$ _§| {H$`m J`m h¡Ÿ& `h {dÚmnaånam go Mbr AmB© h¡, `h Jwé Ûmam {eî` H$mo àXmZ H$sOmVr h¡, `h {H$gr _Zwî` H$s ~ZmdQ> Zht, `h AH$mb H¥$Vh¡Ÿ& `h A_br gmYZ h¡ Omo (AmpË_H$) OrdZ-XmZ AWdmXrjm Ho$ Ûmam àmá hmo gH$Vm h¡ (XoI| "Xrjm' H$m àH$aU)Ÿ&

Zm_ H$m gmYZ gab h¡`h Zm_ ~µJ¡a {H$gr earAV (H$_©H$mÊS>) H$s µOmhar

nm~ÝXr (~ÝYZ) Ho$ Am¡a {Oh²dm Ho$ Onm Om gH$Vm h¡Ÿ& ~mb,d¥Õ, wdm, ór, nwéf, g~ Y_m] Ho$ bmoJ {H$gr ^r hmbV _|BgH$mo On gH$Vo h¢, Š`m|{H$ `h Zm_ H$^r ^r _¡bm ZhthmoVm…

gMw nwamUm Zm WrEo Zm_w Z _¡bm hmoBŸ&&(gma§J dma _. 3, 1248)

BgHo$ Aä`mg Ûmam Z H$moB© ~r_mar hmoVr h¡ Am¡a Z H$moB©Am¡a VH$brµ\$ hmoZo H$m S>a h¡Ÿ& eãX-_mJ© gwI¡Z _mJ© h¡, Bg_|

Wmo‹S>r _ohZV Am¡a \$b ~hþV h¡, "htJ bZo Z {\$Q>H$ar a§JMmoIm AmdoŸ&' Omo Hw$N> F${f`m|-_w{Z`m| Zo A{V H${R>Z gmYZm|Ûmam g¢H$‹S>m| dfm] _| àmá {H$`m Cgo eãX-`moJ Ûmam Ord ~hþVWmo‹S>o g_` _| nm boVm h¡ Am¡a BgHo$ {b o H$moB© emar[aH$ H$ï>^r Zht CR>mZm n‹S>VmŸ&

BgHo$ {b o ewê$-ewê$ _| Hw$N> EH$mÝV-godZ, gËg§JAm¡a Aä`mg _| {deof g_` XoZm n‹S>Vm h¡Ÿ& na O~ AÝV_w©IagmB© hmo OmVr h¡ V~ H$moB© g_` hmo, H$moB© AdñWm hmo, hag_` Zm_ H$s YwZ Omar ahVr h¡…

gmoE ~¡R>o I‹S>o CVmZoŸ&& H$ho H$~ra h_ dhr {Q>H$mZoŸ&&Zm_ Ho$ gmYZ go gwaV {\$a _m{bH$ H$mo ybVr ZhtŸ&

Ord H$mo ghO g_m{Y H$m \$b {_b OmVm h¡, dh _m{bH$H$mo gX¡d hm{µOa XoIVm h¡ VWm CgH$m àË oH$ H$m © nyOm _|em{_b hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Bgr Ho$ ~mao _| H$~ra gm{h~ µ\$a_mVo h¢…

g§Vmo ghO g_m{Y ^brŸ&&O~ go X`m ^B© gVJwa H$s gwaV Z yb MbrŸ&&Ohm± Ohm± OmB gmoB© naH$a_m Omo Hw$N> H$ao gmo nyOmŸ&&Ka ~m{ha g~ BH$g_ ^mgo ^md {_Q>o g~ XyOmŸ&&e~X AYa go gwZo {Za§Va gH$b ~mgZm Ë`mJoŸ&&OmJV gmodV D$R>V ~¡R>V J{har Vmar bmJoŸ&&Am±I Z _y±Xy§ H$mZ Z ê±$Xy§ H$m`m H$ï> Z Ymê±Ÿ &&$CK‹S>o Z¡Z {ZO gm{h~ XoIy± gwÝXa ê$n {Zhmê±Ÿ &&$H$h| H$~ra Bh CÎm_ a{hZr naJQ> gmo H${h JmB©Ÿ&&gwI XwI nao na_ nX Xago gmoB© gXm gwIXmB©Ÿ&&

(H$~ra gm{h~)

~oX H$Vo~ g§gma h^mhÿ± ~mhamŸ&& ZmZH$ nm{Vgmhþ {Xg¡ OmhamŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 396)

Zm_ {H$g àH$ma {_bVm h¡?

1. Eogo A_yë` Zm_ H$m XmZ _m{bH$ H$s H¥$nm-Ñ{ï> go, {Ogo dh Amn ~™eo, Cgo {_b gH$Vm h¡

ZmZH$ ZXar nmB©Eo gMw Zm_w JwUVmgwŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 26)

VmH¡$ {haX¡ ~{gAmo Zm_wŸ&& OmH$C gwAm_r H$sZmo XmZwŸ&&(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1298)

Zmd¡ OodSw> hmoé YZw Zmhr H$moBŸ&& {Og Zmo ~Ig¡ gmMm gmoBŸ&&(Amgm _. 3, 364)

Zm_w {ZYmZw gmoB© nmE H¥$nm H$ao à w gmoBŸ&&(Amgm _. 5, 405)

2. Ywa H$s ~p»ee, Ywa-H$_© Am¡a nyao ^mJ ÛmamZmZH$m {OZ Zm_w {_{bAm H$a_w hmoAm Yw[a H$XoŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 4, 566)

Zm_ 185


{OÝh Yw[a {b{IAm boIw {VZr Zm_w H$_mBAmŸ&&(Amgm _. 4, 369)

Yw[a H$a{_ nmBAm VwYw {OZ H$C {g Zm{_ h[a H¡$ bmJoŸ&&H$h¡ ZmZHw$ Vh gwIw hmoAm {VVw K[a AZhX dmOoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

OVw gVw g§O_w Zm_w h¡ {dUw Zmd¡ {Za_bw Z hmoBŸ&&nya¡ ^m{J Zm_w _{Z dg¡ g~{X {_bmdm hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)

3. Zm_ _| a§Jo hþE gVJwé, gmY-gÝVm| Ho$ nmg goVoao Zm{_ {Zdo aho {bd bmBŸ&& ZmZH$ {VZ X[a ^r{IAm nmBŸ&&

({Vb§J _. 1, 721)

Omo {V{Z H$sAm gmo gMw WrAmŸ&& A§_¥V Zm_w g{VJw[a XrAmŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 352)

Zm_¡ hr Vo g w {H$Nw> hmoAm {~Zw g{VJwa Zm_w Z Omn¡Ÿ&&(gyhr _. 3, 753)

{~Zw g{VJwa XmVm H$mo Zhr Omo h[aZm_w XoB AmYméŸ&&(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1417)

Eogm Zm_w Onhþ _Z a§{JŸ&& ZmZH$ nmB©Eo gmY Ho$ g§{JŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

_mo{h {ZaJwU H$C à{^ H$sZm XBAmŸ&&gmY g§{J ZmZH$ Zm_w bBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 183)

Zm_ Ho$db Zm_ Ho$ XmVm Jwé Ho$ nmg go hr àmá hmogH$Vm h¡, Am¡a H$ht go ZhtŸ& Bgr{b o Jwé ZmZH$ gm{h~CnXoe XoVo h¢ {H$ Ohm± H$ht go ^r Bg Zm_ H$m XmZ {_bgHo$ bo bmo VWm Jwé H$s H¥$nm Ûmam CgH$s H$_mB© H$aHo$OrdZ g\$b H$a bmoŸ& Bg_| Om{V-nm{V H$m H$moB© ~ÝYZ Zht(A{YH$ {dñVma Ho$ {b o "Jwé' H$m àH$aU XoI|)…

Ohm Zm_w {_b¡ Vh OmCŸ&& Jwa nagmXr H$a_ H$_mCŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 414)

Bg Zm_ H$s àm{á Ho$ {b o {H$gr g{VJwé go Xrjm boZmµOê$ar h¡ (XoI| "Xrjm' H$m àH$aU) VWm gËg§J H$aZo H$sAmdí`H$Vm h¡, Vm{H$ {eî` gVJwé H$s Mwå~H$s` hñVr H$mAga boH$a OëXr AÝV_w©I CÝZ{V H$a gHoŸŸ& `{X H$moB©nwñVH|$ n‹T> H$a AnZo Amn Aä`mg H$aVm h¡ Vmo CgH$mo H$moB©\$b àmá Zht hmo gH$Vm, Š`m|{H$ N>moQ>r-gr JbVr go Jw_amhhmoZo H$m S>a h¡Ÿ& AÝXa Ohm± Zm_ H$s Yma| h¢ dhm± H$mb Am¡a_m`m H$s ^r Yma| h¢ Omo h_| H$m_-H«$moY _§| {Jam XoZo H$mgm_Ï © aIVr h¢Ÿ& {OZH$mo Jwé H$s eaU àmá Zht do{ZñgÝXoh H$mb Am¡a _m`m Ho$ YmoIo _| Amd|JoŸ& Omo {~Zm JwéHo$ YwZmË_H$ Zm_ H$m gw{_aZ H$a|Jo, CZH$mo H$mb Am¡a _m`mHo$ eãX gwZmB© X|JoŸ& {eî` H$mo Mm{h o {H$ dh {H$gr EoogoJwé Ho$ gmW gå~ÝY n¡Xm H$ao Omo ñd § AmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| na

OmVm hmoŸ& Eogo Jwé go oX boH$a KQ> _| MbZm g\$b hmoJmŸ&

Zm_ Jwé_wI H$mo {_bVm h¡, _Z_wI H$mo ZhtO~ VH$ gVJwé Z {_bo Zm_ H$s gyP Zht AmVr…

agZm Zm_w g w H$moB© H$h¡Ÿ&& g{VJwé godo Vm Zm_w bh¡Ÿ&&(_bma _. 3, 1262)

Zm_ EH$ MoVZ ñne© h¡ Omo gVJwé Am¡a gmY-gÝVm| go{eî` H$mo àmá hmoVm h¡Ÿ& `h AmpË_H$ OrdZ-XmZ h¡, Jwé H$sX`m-Ñ{ï> Ûmam `h h_mao AÝXa àH$Q> hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& Zm_ h¡Vmo g~Ho$ AÝXa na O~ VH$ {eî` Jwé_wI Zht ~ZVm `hXm¡bV Zht {_bVrŸ& (XoI| "Jwé_wI' H$m àH$aU), _Z_wIBggo ˜mbr ahVo h¢…

Zm_w AIwQw> {ZYmZw h¡ Jwa_w{I _{Z d{gAmŸ&&(gyhr dma _. 5, 787)

Ka hr gCXm nmB©Eo A§V[a g^ dWw hmoBŸ&&{IZw {IZw Zm_w g_mbrEo Jwa_w{I nmd¡ H$moBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw AIwQw> h¡ dS>^m{J namn{V hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)

Zm_ Vw{b H$Nw> Adé Z hmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w nmd¡ OZw H$moBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 265)ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&

ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 4, 1240)~§YZ Vmo‹S>o _w{H$V hmoB gMo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&

Bgw OJ _{h Zm_w Ab w h¡ Jwa_w{I dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&ZmZH$ Omo Jwé go{dh AmnUm hC {VZ ~{bhma¡ OmCŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)_Z_wI Zm_w Z OmUZr {dUw Zmd¡ n{V OmBŸ&&

g~Xo gmXw Z AmBAmo bmJo XyO¡ ^mBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 28)

`h Zm_ H$s {µ\$bmgµ\$r ( oX) g~Ho$ AÝXa h¡, na {~ZmJwé Am¡a {~Zm Aä`mg Ho$ `h àË`j Zht hmoVr Am¡a _Z_wIBggo ˜mbr ahVo h¢Ÿ& `h H$WZr H$m {df` Zht h¡ Am¡a Z _m±JZo`m {H$gr Ho$ H$hZo go {_b gH$Vm h¡, `h Vmo H$aZr H$m _µO_yZh¡Ÿ& `{X h_ {H$gr àmo\o$ga go H$h| {H$ dh én`m boH$a h_|E_. E. ~Zm Xo Vmo dh `hr H$hoJm {H$ n‹T>mo Am¡a _ohZV H$amoŸ&BgHo$ {bE n‹T>Zm Amdí`H$ h¡Ÿ& `h e{º$ h¡ Vmo g~Ho$ AÝXa,na Jwé H$s X`m Ûmam H$_mB© H$aZo go OJmB© Om gH$Vr h¡Ÿ&Mmam| ImZ| • A§S>O, OoaO, ñdoXO Am¡a CX²{Ô AWm©V² dh g~n¡XmBe Omo AÊS>o go, ngrZo go, Ooa _| {bnQ>r hþB© Am¡a µO_rZgo hmoVr h¡ Am¡a Mmam| dm{U`m± (~¡Iar, _Ü`_m, ní`ÝVr Am¡anam), gƒo Zm_ Ho$ {~Zm «_ _| ybr hþB© h¡…VoarAm ImUr VoarAm ~mUrŸ&& {~Zw Zmd¡ g^ â{_ wbmUrŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 116)

`h Zm_ Ho$db gVJwé H$s godm go {_b gH$Vm h¡,gVJwé Ho$ ~µJ¡a BgH$s àm{á Agå^d h¡…Jwa godm Vo h[aZm_w nmBAm {~Zw g{VJwa H$moB Z nmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP _. 3, 116)

Zm_ Ho$ \$bJwédmUr _| Zm_ Ho$ AZoH$ \$bm| H$m dU©Z {H$`m J`m

h¡Ÿ& Zm_ ê$hmZr "OrdZ H$s amoQ>r' (~«oS> Amµ\$ bmBµ\$) h¡{Oggo AmË_m ~bdmZ hmoVr h¡Ÿ& `h "AmpË_H$ OrdZ' H$mnmZr (dmQ>a Amµ\$ bmBµ\$) h¡ {Oggo ê$h har hmoVr h¡Ÿ& ê$hHo$ Amgao eara ^r ~b àmá H$aVm h¡Ÿ& Zm_ ha _gmbo H$m{nßnbr_yb h¡Ÿ& dh AmpË_H$ OrdZ H$mo J{V Am¡a doJ àXmZH$aVm h¡ {Oggo Ord gXm M‹T>Vr H$bm _| ahVm h¡Ÿ&

1. Zm_ g~ amoJm| H$m EH$ hr BbmO h¡, dh gwI àXmZ H$aZo dmbm h¡

ga~ amoJ H$m ACIXw Zm_wŸ&&H${bAmU ê$n _§Jb JwU Jm_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 274)

Zm_ XmoZm| bmoH$m| _| ghm`Vm H$aVm h¡ VWm AmJo gmWMbVm h¡, BgHo$ A{V[aº$ Am¡a H$moB© ^r dñVw gmW OmZo dmbrZht…~mh[a OZoC {OMé Omo{V h¡ Zm{bŸ&& YmoVr {Q>H$m Zm_w g_m{bŸ&&

EoW¡ AmoW¡ {Z~hr Zm{bŸ&& {dUw Zmd¡ hmo[a H$a_ Z ^m{bŸ&&(Amgm _. 1, 355)

agZm OnrEo EHw$ Zm_Ÿ&&B©hm gwIw AZ§Xw KZm AmJ¡ OrA H¡$ g§{J H$m_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 211)

{Oh _maJ Bhþ OmV BHo$bmŸ&& Vh h[aZm_w g§{J hmoV gwhobmŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

Zm_w {_b¡ Mb¡ _¡ Zm{bŸ&& {~Zw Zmd¡ ~mYr g^ H$m{bŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 1, 152)

2. Zm_ H$mo gwZZo Am¡a _mZZo Ho$ \$bJwé ZmZH$ gm{h~ Zo OnwOr gm{h~ H$s AmR>dt go

½`mhadt nm¡‹S>r (nXmo) VH$ Zm_ H$mo gwZZo Ho$ \$bm| H$m dU©Z{H$`m h¡…gw{UEo {gY nra gw[aZmWŸ&& gw{UEo Ya{V Ydb AmH$mgŸ&&gw{UEo Xrn bmoA nmVmbŸ&& gw{UEo nmo{h Z gH¡$ H$mbwŸ&&ZmZH$ ^JVm gXm {dJmgwŸ&& gwUrEo XyI nmn H$m ZmgwŸ&&gw{UEo B©gé ~a_m B§XwŸ&& gwUrEo _w{I gmbmhU _§XwŸ&&gw{UEo OmoJ OwJ{V V{Z oXŸ&& gw{UEo gmgV {g{_«{V doXŸ&&ZmZH$ ^JVm gXm {dJmgwŸ&& gw{UEo XyI nmn H$m ZmgwŸ&&gw{UEo gVw g§VmoIw {JAmZwŸ&& gw{UEo AR>g{R> H$m BgZmZwŸ&&gw{UEo n{‹S> n{‹S> nmd{h _mZwŸ&& gw{UEo bmJ¡ gh{O {YAmZwŸ&&ZmZH$ ^JVm gXm {dJmgwŸ&& gw{UEo XyI nmn H$m ZmgwŸ&&

gw{UEo gam JwUm Ho$ JmhŸ&& gw{UEo goI nra nm{VgmhŸ&&gw{UEo A§Yo nmd{h amhþŸ&& gw{UEo hmV hmod¡ AgJmhþŸ&&ZmZH$ ^JVm gXm {dJmgwŸ&& gw{UEo XyI nmn H$m ZmgwŸ&&

ha EH$ Ho$ AÝXa YwZH$ma| XoZo dmbr Zm_ H$s YwZ Ho$àH$Q> hmo OmZo Ho$ AZoH$ \$b h¢Ÿ& CgH$mo gwZH$a Ord {gÕ,nra Am¡a gwaZmWm| H$m nX àmá H$a boVm h¡; Omo e{º$ gånyU©CËn{Îm, YaVr-AmH$me, Xrn-bmoH$m| Am¡a nmVmbm| H$mo ghmamXo ahr h¡ Cggo n[a{MV hmo OmVm h¡ Am¡a H$mb Ho$ à^mdgo _wº$ hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& {ed, ~«÷m Am¡a {dîUw H$s VmH$V| CgHo$AÝXa Am OmVr h¢; ZrM go ZrM ^r g~H$s gamhZm AWdmñVw{V Ho$ `mo½` hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& `moJ H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡ VWm earaH$m oX Iwb OmVm h¡; Y_©-nwñVH$m|, emóm|, ñ_¥{V`m| Am¡a doXAm{X Y_©-emóm| Ho$ VmËn © H$m kmVm hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& CgH$mo(YwZ H$mo) gwZZo go gË`, gÝVmof Am¡a gƒo kmZ H$s àm{áhmo OmVr h¡ VWm A‹S>gR> VrWm] {OVZr n{dÌVm AÝXa AmOmVr h¡Ÿ& Zm_ H$s _{h_m JmZo go _Zwî` g~ bmoH$m| _| AmXanmVm h¡ Am¡a VrZm| JwUm| go nma ghO _| CgH$m Ü`mZ bJOmVm h¡Ÿ& CgH$mo gwZZo go gmao X¡dr JwU AÝXa Am OmVo h¢Ÿ&dh eoI, nra Am¡a gƒm nmVemh ~Z OmVm h¡Ÿ& CgH$s gwaVH$mo AmÝV[aH$ _ÊS>bm| na _mJ© {_b OmVm h¡Ÿ& Zm_ gwaV Ho${b o ghmao H$m H$m_ XoVm h¡, BgHo$ Amgao AmË_m _Z-_m`mgo nao, CZHo$ n« md go _wº$, na_ ñWmZ na nhþ±M OmVr h¡Ÿ&Zm_ Ho$ gwZZo go {ZaÝVa Iwer Am¡a AmZÝX ahVm h¡ VWmg~ Xw…Im| d nmnm| H$m Zme hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ&

gwZZo go CZH$m Š`m A{^àm` h¡? Jwé gm{h~ ñnï>H$hVo h¢ {H$ CZH$m VmËn © Ho$db Zm_ Ho$ gwZZo go h¡, Am¡a{H$gr go Zht…

ZmB gw{UEo g^ {g{Y h¡, [a{Y {nN>¡ Amd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo ZC{Z{Y {_b¡ _Z qM{XAm nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo g§VmoIw hmoB H$dbm MaZ {YAmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo ghOw D$nO¡ ghOo gwIw nmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)

ZmB gw{UEo gw{M g§O_mo O_w Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo KQ> MmZUm AmÝhoé Jdmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gwUrEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)

ZmB gw{UEo _Zw ahgrEo Zm_o gm§{V AmB©Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo _Zw V¥nVrEo g^ XwI JdmB©Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo ZmC D$nO¡ Zm_o d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1239)

Zm_ H$mo gwZH$a Ord gMoV hmo OmVm h¡, _m{bH$ Ho$ hþŠ_H$mo nhMmZ H$a AnZm OrdZ CgHo$ AZwgma T>mbVm h¡ Am¡aAnZr BÀN>m H$mo CgH$s BÀN>m _| {_bm XoVm h¡Ÿ& Zm_ Ho$ _mZZo

Zm_ 187


dmbo Eogo bmoJm| H$s J{V H$m dU©Z OnwOr gm{h~ H$s ~mahdtnm¡‹S>r go boH$a nÝÐhdt nm¡‹S>r VH$ {H$`m J`m h¡…

_§Z¡ H$s J{V H$hr Z OmBŸ&& Oo H$mo H$h¡ {nN>¡ nNw>VmBŸ&&H$mJ{X H$b_ Z {bIUhméŸ&& _§Z¡ H$m ~{h H$a{Z drMméŸ&&Eogm Zm_w {Za§OZw hmoBŸ&& Oo H$mo _§{Z OmU¡ _{Z H$moBŸ&&_§Z¡ gwa{V hmod¡ _{Z ~w{YŸ&& _§Z¡ gJb ^dU H$s gw{YŸ&&_§Z¡ _w{h MmoQ>m Zm ImBŸ&& _§Z¡ O_ H¡$ gm{W Z OmBŸ&&Eogm Zm_w {Za§OZw hmoBŸ&& Oo H$mo _§{Z OmU¡ _{Z H$moBŸ&&_§Z¡ _ma{J R>mH$ Z nmBŸ&& _§Z¡ n{V {gC naJQw> OmBŸ&&_§Z¡ _Jw Z Mb¡ n§WwŸ&& _§Z¡ Ya_ goVr gZ~§YwŸ&&Eogm Zm_w {Za§OZw hmoBŸ&& Oo H$mo _§{Z OmU¡ _{Z H$moBŸ&&_§Z¡ nmd{h _moIw XwAméŸ&& _§Z¡ nadma¡ gmYméŸ&&_§Z¡ Va¡ Vmao Jwé {gIŸ&& _§Z¡ ZmZH$ ^d{h Z {ÎŸ&&Eogm Zm_w {Za§OZw hmoBŸ&& Oo H$mo _§{Z OmU¡ _{Z H$moBŸ&&Eogo nwéfm| H$s J{V H$m dU©Z Zht hmo gH$Vm, H$mJµO

µH$b_ Am¡a ~w{Õ _| CZH$s AdñWm H$m dU©Z H$aZo H$mgm_Ï © hr ZhtŸ& Zm_ H$m _ZZ H$aHo$ Ord OmJ¥V hmo OmVmh¡, CgH$mo gmao ^dZm| H$m ~moY hmo OmVm h¡, dh _moh-_m`mH$s MnoQ>| Zht ImVm Am¡a AÝV g_` _| `_-H$mb Ho$ hdmboZht hmoVmŸ&

Zm_ Ho$ _mZZo dmbo H$mo AmpË_H$ _ÊS>bm| na H$moB©éH$mdQ> Zht hmoVr, dh CZ _ÊS>bm| _| àH$Q> AWdm ~o-IQ>Ho$OmVm h¡ Am¡a dhm± g~ CgH$m _mZ d AmXa H$aVo h¢Ÿ& gƒoY_© (Zm_) Ho$ gmW gå~ÝY hmo OmZo Ho$ H$maU dh `_ H$sgH$ar J{b`m| _| Zht OmVmŸ& Zm_ H$mo _mZZo dmbm _moj H$mÛma nm boVm h¡ VWm dh AnZo n[adma H$m ^r AmYma ~ZOmVm h¡Ÿ& dh ñd § ^dgmJa go Va OmVm h¡ Am¡a {\$a JwéH$s ho{g`V go {eî`m| Ho$ CÛma H$m H$maU ~Z OmVm h¡Ÿ& dhH$^r _m`m _| \±$g H$a MŠH$a Zht ImVmŸ&

Zm_ _Z _m`m go a{hV h¡, CgH$mo _mZZo Ho$ Abm¡{H$H$\$b h¢Ÿ& `{X {H$gr Ho$ ^m½` _| Zm_ hmo Vmo hr do àmá H$agH$Vo h¢, na Eogo ^m½èmbr {~abo hr h¢Ÿ&

JwédmUr Bg {df` H$mo Am¡a ñnï> H$aVr h¡ {H$ _mZZogo Jwé gm{h~m| H$s _wamX "Zm_ H$mo _mZZo' go hr h¡…

ZmB _§{ZEo Hw$bw CYa¡ g^w Hw$Q> §~ w gdmBAmŸ&&ZmB _§{ZEo g§J{V CYa¡ {OZ [aX¡ agmBAmŸ&&ZmB _§{ZEo gw{U CYao {OZ agZ agmBAmŸ&&ZmB _§{ZEo XwIw wI JB© {OZ Zm{_ {MVw bmBAmŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w {VZr gmbm{hAm {OZ Jwê$ {_bmBAmŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)

ZmB _§{ZEo Xwa_{V JB© _{V naJQ>r AmBAmŸ&&ZmC _§{ZEo hC_¡ JB© g{^ amoJ JdmBAmŸ&&ZmB _§{ZEo Zm_w D$nO¡ ghOo gwIw nmBAmŸ&&ZmB _§{ZEo gm§{V D$nO¡ h[a _§{Z dgmBAmŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_ a§VZw h¡ Jwa_w{I h[a {YAmBAmŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1242)

ZmB _§{ZEo gwa{V CnO¡ Zm_o _{V hmoB©Ÿ&&ZmB _§{ZEo JwU CMa¡ Zm_o gw{I gmoB©Ÿ&&ZmB _§{ZEo «_w H$Q>rEo {\$[a XwIw Z hmoB©Ÿ&&ZmB _§{ZEo gmbmhrEo nmnm§ _{V YmoB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1242)

3. Zm_ H$s H$_mB© H$aHo$ OÝ_-OÝ_mÝVam| H$m gmo m hþAm Ord OmJ¥V hmoH$a AnZo AmnH$mo nhMmZ boVm h¡Jwa nagm{X Zm{_ _Zw bmJmŸ&& OZ_ OZ_ H$m gmoBAm OmJmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 184)ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)

4. Zm_ _| brZ hmoH$a Ord H$m _m{bH$ go {_bmn hmoVm h¡ Am¡a Á`mo{V OmoV _| g_mVr h¡, _m{bH$ A§J-g§J ahVm h¡ Ord H$m _wI CObm hmo OmVm h¡ Am¡a CgHo$ gH$b Hw$bm| H$m CÕma hmo OmVm h¡

Zd{Z{Y Zm_w {ZYmZw [a{Y {g{Y Vm H$s XmgrŸ&&ghO gamodé {_{bAmo nwaIw o{Q>Amo A{~ZmgrŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1397)AZ{XZw Zm_o a{VAm OmoVr Omo{V g_mBŸ&&

OmoVr hÿ à w OmnXm {~Zw gVJwa ~yP Z nmBŸ&&({gar amJw _. 3, 35)

{OZm A§X[a Zm_w {ZYmZw h[a {VZ Ho$ H$mO X{` AmXo am{gŸ&&{VZ MyH$s _whVmOr bmoH$Z H$s h[a à w A§Jw H$[a ~¡R>m nm{gŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 305)Zm_o XaJh _wI COboŸ&& Zm_o gJbo Hw$b CYaoŸ&&

(Jm¢‹S> dma _. 5, 863)

5. Zm_ H$s H$_mB© go AÝXa àH$me hmoVm h¡, {Ì^wdZ H$m nVm MbVm h¡ Am¡a Mm¡Wo nXH$s àm{á hmoVr h¡

Zm_o hr K{Q> MmZUm Zm_o gmo m nmB©Ÿ&&Zm_o hr gwIw D$nO¡ Zm_o gaUmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)

Zm{_ aVo {Ì^dU gmoPr hmoBŸ&& ZmZH$ Zm{_ aVo gXm gwIw gmoBŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, 941)

H$[a {H$anm {Ogw AmnZ¡ Zm{_ bmEŸ&&ZmZH$ MCWo nX _{h gmo OZw J{V nmEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 284)

6. Zm_ Ûmam Ord `_-\$ÝX go Ny>Q> OmVm h¡, OÝ_-_aU Am¡a ZaH$m| go a{hV hmo g~ ~±YZm| H$mo Vmo‹S> H$a _wº$ hmo OmVm h¡, Amn Va OmVm h¡ VWm CgHo$ Hw$bm| H$m ^r CÕma hmoVm h¡OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w {YAmBAm _oar qOXw‹S>rEo O_H§$H$é Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡ am_Ÿ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m _. 4, 540)

ZmB gw{UEo gw{M g§O_mo O_w Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡Ÿ&&(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)

Zm_o Zm{_ H$ao drMméŸ&& Am{n Va¡ Hw$b CYaUhméŸ&&(Amgm _. 3, 362)

Zm_o hr h_ {Za^C ÊŸ&& Zm_o AmdZ OmdZ ahoŸ&&(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)

Z§Zm Za{H$ na{h Vo ZmhrŸ&& Om H¡$ _{Z V{Z Zm_w ~gmhrŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)

~§YZ Vm¡‹S>o _wH${V hmoB gMo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&Bgw OJ _{h Zm_w Ab w h¡ Jwa_ww{I dgo _{Z AmBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

JwédmUr _| Zm_ Ho$ Am¡a AZoH$ \$bm| H$m dU©Z Am`mh¡Ÿ& Zm_ Ho$ Aä`mg go `moJ H$s w{º$ H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡ Am¡aOÝ_ g\$b hmoVm h¡Ÿ& _Z V¥á hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& H$m_ H«$moY, V¥îUm,__Vm Am{X Ny>Q> OmVo h¢Ÿ& nmnm|, {dH$mam| Am¡a Ah§H$ma H$mZme hmoVm h¡Ÿ& Ord _m`m Ho$ µOha go ~M OmVm h¡ Am¡a gwI,AmZÝX VWm erVbVm àmá hmoVr h¡Ÿ& Zm_ _| brZ hmoZm hr{ZaÝVa Vn h¡ {Oggo Ord {ZîH$f© hmo OmVm h¡Ÿ& CgHo$ gm_ZoH$moB© {d¿Z Zht AmVm, dh {Z_©b hmo OmVm h¡ VWm gM _|g_m OmVm h¡Ÿ& Zm_ H$m Aä`mgr gVJwé H$mo ^mVm h¡Ÿ& {OgHo$öX` _| Zm_ h¡ dh bmIm| Am¡a H$amo‹S>m| H$m ñdm_r h¡ Am¡ag~H$m g_«mQ> h¡Ÿ&

Zm_-{dhrZm| Ho$ AZoH$ Xmofm| H$m ^r dmUr ^br àH$madU©Z H$aVr h¡Ÿ& Bg {df` _| JwédmUr Ho$ à_mU {X o OmVoh¢Ÿ& nmR>H$ {dMma H$a|Ÿ&

Zm_ Ho$ BZ JwUm| H$m Ü`mZ _| aI H$a JwédmUr _| Zm_Ho$ Aä`mg H$m ~‹S>m AmJ«hnyd©H$ CnXoe Am`m h¡…

Zm_w Onhþ _oao Jwa{gI _rVmŸ&&Zm_w Onhþ Zm_o gwIw nmdhþ Z_w aIhþ Jwa_{V _{Z MrVmŸ&&

Zm_ {~Zm Hw$gQ>r _moh A§YmŸ&& g^ {Zh\$b H$a_ H$sE XwIw Y§YmŸ&&(Amgm _. 4, 367)

O~ bJw Omo~{Z gmgw h¡ V~ bJw Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&Mb{XAm Zm{b h[a Mbgr h[a A§Vo bE N>S>mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 82)

Zm_ H$s àm{á Ho$ {bE ~ma§~ma àmW©Zm H$s JB© h¡…h[a Ho$ OZ g{VJwa gV nwaIm hC {~ZC H$aC Jwa nm{gŸ&&h_ H$sao {H$a_ g{VJwa gaUmB© H$[a XBAm Zm_w naJm{gŸ&&

(JyOar _. 4, 492)Om{MHw$ OmM¡ Zm_w Voam gwAm_r KQ> KQ> A§V[a gmoB© aoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 209)

{H$gr Zm_ Ho$ a{gH$ (Aä`mgr) H$mo Jwé Ho$ nmg goZm_XmZ àmá H$aZm Amdí`H$ h¡ Vm{H$ Zm_ H$s H$_mB© ÛmamOÝ_ g\$b hmo Am¡a _m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na _wI CObm hmo OmE…

{OZr Zm_w {YAmBAm JE _gH${V Km{bŸ&&ZmZH$ Vo _wI CObo Ho$Vr Nw>Q>r Zm{bŸ&&

(OnwOr, 8)

Zm_1. Zm_ Š`m h¡?

1. Zm_ Hw$b _m{bH$ h¡ Am¡a g~ Hw$N> CgHo$ de _§| h¡gM Zm{_ n{V D$nO¡ H$a{_ Zm_w H$aVméŸ&&A{h{Z{g {haX¡ Oo dg¡ ZmZH$ ZXar nméŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 358)qnSw> nV{b _oar Ho$gC {H$[aAm gMw Zm_w H$aVméŸ&&EoW¡ AmoW¡ bmJ¡ nmN>¡ Ehþ _oam AmYméŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 358)EHw$ ~JrMm noS> KZ H$[aAmŸ&& A§_¥V Zm_w Vhm _{h \${bAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 385){Og Zmo Xod¡ {Vgw {_b¡ Jwa_Vr Zm_w ~wPmB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ g^ {H$Nw> Zmd¡ H¡$ d{g h¡ nya¡ ^m{J H$mo nmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)

2. Zm_ AZm{X Am¡a AZÝV h¡Zm_w a{hAmo gmYy a{hAmo a{hAmo Jwa Jmoq~XŸ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ Bh OJV _¡ {H$Z O{nAmo Jwa_§VwŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 9, 1429)

3. Zm_ g~H$m H$Îmm© h¡, g~ Hw$N> Zm_ H$m ngmam h¡Zm_w BgQw> _rV gwV H$aVm _Z g§{J Vwhma¡ Mmb¡Ÿ&&H$[a godm g{VJwa AnwZo H$s Jwa Vo nmB©Eo nmb¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 213)

Zm_ Ho$ Ymao gJbo OVŸ&& Zm_ Ho$ Ymao I§S> ~«h_SŸ&&>Zm_ Ho$ Ymao {g_¥{V ~oX nwamZmŸ&& Z_ Ho$ Ymao gwZZ {JAmZ {YAmZŸ&&Zm_ Ho$ Ymao AmJg nmVmbŸ&& Zm_ Ho$ Ymao gJb AmH$maŸ&&Zm_ Ho$ Ymao nwarAm g^ ^dZŸ&& Zm_ H¡$ g§{J CYao gw{Z òdZŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 284)

BHw$ g§gmé gJb {~H$méVoam Zm_w Xmé Adé Zmg{V H$aUhmé AnméŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1327)

h[a CV_w Zm_w h¡ {O{Z {g[aAm g w H$moB OrCŸ&&h[a OrA g o à{VnmbXm K{Q> K{Q> a_B©Am gmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 81)Zm_¡ hr Vo g~w {H$Nw> hmoAm {~Zw g{VJwa Zm_ Z Omn¡Ÿ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw _hm agw _rR>m {~Zw MmIo gmXw Z Omn¡Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 753)OoVm H$sVm VoVm ZmCŸ&& {dUw Zmd¡ Zmhr H$mo WmCŸ&&

(OnwOr, 4)

4. IÊS>-~«÷mÊS> Am¡a `wJ g~ Zm_ Ho$ Amgao Mb aho h¢IÊS>-~«÷mÊS> H$m EH$mo R>mUm Jw[a naXm Imo{b {XImBAmoŸ&&ZC {Z{Y Zm_w {ZYmZw BH$ R>mB© VC ~mh[a H¡$R>o OmBAmoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 205)

Zm_ 189


A§V[a aVZ nVmaW {hV H$m¡ Xwa¡ Z bmb {nAmarŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w A_mobHw$ Ow{J Ow{J A§V[a YmarŸ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1198)

5. Zm_ AZÝV Am¡a A_yë` ^ÊS>ma h¡ Am¡a Anma IµOmZm h¡^{JV IOmZm ^JVZ H$C XrAm ZmC h[a YZw gMw gmoBŸ&&AIwQw> Zm_ YZw Ho$V {ZIwQ>¡ Zmhr {H$Z¡ Z H$s_{V hmoBŸ&&Zm_ Y{Z _wI CObo hmoE h[a nmBAm gMw gmoBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 600)Zm_w AIwQw> {ZYmZw h¡ Jwa_w{I _{Z d{gAmŸ&&H$[a {H$anm Zm_w Xodgr {\$[a boIw Z {b{IAmŸ&&godH$ ^mB go OZ {_bo {OZ h[a Onw O{nAmŸ&&

(gyhr dma _. 3, 787)Ka hr gCXm nmB©Eo A§V[a g^ dWw hmoBŸ&&{IZw {IZw Zm_w g_mbrEo Jwa_w{I nmd¡ H$moBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw AIwQw> h¡ dS>^m{J namn{V hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)bmb Zm_ OmH¡$ âo §S>maŸ&& gJb KQ>m Xod¡ AmYmaŸ&&

(Jm¡‹S> _. 5, 863)H$mBAm A§X[a Vmo{b Vwbmd¡ Amno VmobU hmamŸ&&Bhþ _Zw aVZw Odmha _mUHw$ {VgH$m _mobw A\$mamŸ&&_mo{b {H$Vhr Zm_w nmB©Eo Zmhr Zm_w nmB©Eo Jwa ~rMmamŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 754)Zm_w A_mobHw$ Jwa_w{I nmd¡Ÿ&& Zm_mo godo Zm{_ g{hO g_md¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 232)bmbw A_mobm bmbmoŸ&& AJh AVmobm Zm_moŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 5, 1006)gmMo Zm_ H$s {Vbw d{S>AmB©Ÿ&& Am{I WHo$ H$s_{V Zhr nmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 9)Zmd¡ H$s H$s_{V {_{V H$hr Z OmBŸ&&go OZ Y§Zw {OZ BH$ Zm{_ {bd bmBŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 3, 666)h_ K[a Zm_w IOmZm gXm h¡ ^J{V âo §S>mamŸ&&gVJwé XmVm OrA H$m gX Ord¡ XodUhmamŸ&&

(dS>h§gw dma 3, 593)

_Z H$sAm BN>m§ nyarAm nmBAm Zm_w {ZYmZwŸ&&A§VaOm_r gXm g§{J H$aU¡hmé nN>mZwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 46)h[a H$m Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ {Ogw A§Vw Z nmamdméŸ&&Jwa_w{I goB© gmohXo {OZ {H$anm H$ao H$aVméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 65)Om H¡$ {haX¡ XrAmo Jw[a Zm_mŸ&& H$hþ ZmZH$ Vm H¡$ gJb {ZYmZmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 186)amOw Omo~Zw AdY Omo Xrg¡ g w {H$Nw> OwJ _{h Km{Q>AmŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw gX ZdVZw {Za_bw Bhþ ZmZH$ h[a YZw Im{Q>AmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 207)Zm_w {ZYmZw Jwa_ww{I Omo OnVoŸ&& {~Iw _mBAm _{h Zm AmoB InVoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)

Ehþ {ZYmZw On¡ dS>^mJr OrCŸ&& Zm_ {Za§OZ EH$ {bd bmJr OrCŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 217)

Zm_w {ZYmZw Anmé ^JVm _{Z dg¡Ÿ&&OZ_ _aU _mohþ XwIw gmYy g§{J Zg¡Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 761)

6. Zm_ A_¥V h¡ VWm n{VV-nmdZ h¡A§_¥V {àA H$m Zm_w _¡ A§Ywbo Q>mohZrŸ&&Amoh Omoh¡ ~mhþ naH$ma gw§X[a _mohZrŸ&&

({~bmdb _. 5, 847)gmo g§{MAmo {OVw yI {VgmBAmoŸ&& A§_¥V Zm_w Vmogm Zhr nmBAmoŸ&&

(Q>moS>r _. 5, 715)ZC {Z{Y A§_¥Vw à^ H$m Zm_wŸ&& Xohr _{h BgH$m {~òm_wŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 293)A§_¥V Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ {_{b nrdhþ ^mB©Ÿ&&{Ogw {g_aV gwIw nmB©Eo g^ {VIm ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 318)aVZ Odoha _m{UH$m A§_¥Vw h[a H$m ZmCŸ&&gyI ghO AmZ§X ag OZ ZmZH$ h[aJwU JmCŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 48)A§_¥Vw gmMm Zm_w h¡ H$hUm H$Ny> Z OmBŸ&&nrdV hÿ nadmUw ^BAm nya¡ g~{X g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)n{VV nmdZw Zm_w Zah[a _§X ^mJrAm Zhr ^mBAmoŸ&&Vo Ja^ OmoZr JmbrA{h {OC bmoZw Ob{h JbmBAmoŸ&&

(_mbr JC‹S>r _. 4, 985)

7. Zm_ H$m gƒm emh (gmhÿH$ma) _m{bH$ ñd`§ h¡aVZ nXmaW h[a Zm_w Vw_mam OrCŸ&&Vy§ gMm gmhþ ^JVw dUOmam OrCŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 217)

8. Zm_ gƒm gm¡Xm h¡, dh YwZ, dmUr `m eãX h¡_Z _{h _mUHw$ bmbw Zm_w aVZw nXmaWw hréŸ&&gMw dIé YZw Zm_w h¡ K{Q> K{Q> J{ha J§ réŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 22)

JwU Jmoq~X Zm_ Yw{Z ~mUrŸ&& {g_¥{V gmgÌ ~oX ~ImUrŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 296)

{haX¡ Zm_w gXm Yw{Z {ZhMb KQ>¡ Z H$s_{V nmB©Ÿ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ g w H$moB© {ZaYZw g{VJw[a ~yP ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232)Y§Zw Y§Zw go gmh h¡ {O Zm{_ H$a{h dmnméŸ&&dUOmao {gI AmdXo g{~X bKmdUhméŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 4, 313)

9. Zm_ ghO _| nhþ±MmZo H$m _mÜ`_ Am¡a gmYZ h¡J¥h ~Z{h Vra¡ ~aV nyOm ~mQ> KmQ>¡ OmohZrŸ&&ZmZHw$ nBA§n¡ XBAm Ymahþ _¡ Z_w A§Ywbo Q>mohZrŸ&&

({~bmdbw _. 5, 847)

_¡ A§Ywbo H$s Q>oH$ Voam Zm_w Iw±XH$mamŸ&&_¢ Jar~ _| _gH$sZ Voam Zm_w h¡ AYmamŸ&&

({Vb§Jw Zm_Xod 727)

10. Zm_ º$m| H$s ny±Or h¡, Jwé BgH$m emh (gmhÿH$ma) h¡ Am¡a {eî` ~ZOmao h¢IaMw IOmZm Zm_ YZw BAm ^JVZ H$s am{gŸ&&{I_m Jar~r AZX ghO OnV ah{h JwUVmgŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 253)Y§Zw Y§Zw go gmh h¡ {O Zm{_ H$a{h dmnméŸ&&dUOmao {gI AmdXo g~{X bKmdUhméŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 4, 313)JwnVm Zm_w daV¡ {d{M H$bOw{J K{Q> K{Q> h[a âny[a a{hAmŸ&&Zm_w aVZw {VZm {haX¡ àJ{Q>Am Omo Jwa gaUmB© ^{O nBAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

2. Zm_ H$hm± h¡?

1. Agbr Zm_ Jwá Am¡a Xwb©^ h¡JwnVm Zm_w daV¡ {d{M H$bOw{J K{Q> K{Q> h[a âny[a a{hAmŸ&&Zm_w aVZw {VZm {haX¡ àJ{Q>Am Omo Jwa gaUmB© ^{O nmBAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

~§YZ Vmo‹S>¡ _wH${V hmoB gMo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&Bgw OJ _{h Zm_w Ab w h¡ Jwa_w{I dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&ZmZH$ Omo Jwé god{h AmnUm hC {VZ ~{bhma¡ OmCŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644)

OwJ _m{h Zm_w Xwb§ w h¡ Jwa_w{I nmBAm OmBŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z hmodB© doIhþ H$mo {dCnmBŸ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 490)

2. Jwá Zm_ KQ>-KQ> _| h¡_Z _{h _mUHw$ bmbw Zm_w aVZw nXmaWw hréŸ&&gMw dIé YZw Zm_w h¡ K{Q> K{Q> J{ha J§ réŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 22)

h[a h[a CV_w Zm_w h¡ {O{Z {g[aAm g w H$moB OrCŸ&&h[a OrA g o à{VnmbXm K{Q> K{Q> a_B©Am gmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 81)

ZC {Z{K A§_¥Vw à^ H$m Zm_wŸ&& Xohr _{h Bg H$m {~òm_wŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 293)

{haX¡ Zm_w ga~ YZw YmaUw Jwa nagmXr nmB©EŸ&&A_a nXmaW Vo {H$aVmaW ghO {YAm{Z {bd bmB©EŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1127)Bgw H$mBAm A§X[a ~hþVw ngmamŸ&& Zm_w {Za§OZw A{V AJ_ AnmamŸ&&Jwa_w{I hmod¡ gmoB© nmE Amno ~I{g {_bmd{UAmŸ&&

(_mP AgQ>nXrAm _. 3, 112)JwnVm Zm_w daV¡ {d{M H$bOw{J K{Q> K{Q> h[a âny[a a{hAmŸ&&Zm_w aVZw {VZm {haX¡ àJ{Q>Am Omo Jwa gaUmB© ^{O nBAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334)

{haX¡ Zm_w gXm Yw{Z {ZhMb KQ>¡ Z H$s_{V nmB©Ÿ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ g w H$moB© {ZaYZw g{VJw[a ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1232)Om{MH$ OmM¡ Zm_w Voam gwAm_r KQ> KQ> A§V[a gmoB© aoŸ&&ZmZHw$ Xmgw Vm H$s gaUmB© Om Vo ~¥Wm Z H$moB© aoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 209)nyam _maJw nyam BgZmZwŸ&& g w {H$Nw> nyam {haX¡ Zm_wŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 188)Omo {V{Z H$sAm gmo gMw WrAmŸ&& A§_¥V Zm_w g{VJw[a XrAmŸ&&{haX¡ Zm_w Zmhr _{Z §JwŸ&& AZ{XZw Zm{b {nAmao g§JwŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 352)gM Zm{_ n{V D$nO¡ H$a{_ Zm_w H$aVméŸ&&A{h{Z{g {haX¡ Oo dg¡ ZmZH$ ZXar nméŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 358)Ka hr gCXm nmB©Eo A§V[a g^ dWw hmoBŸ&&{IZw {IZw Zm_w g_mbrEo Jwa_w{I nmd¡ H$moBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw AIwQw> h¡ dS>^m{J namn{V hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJ _. 3, 29)gmo YZw dIé Zm_w [aX¡ h_ma¡Ÿ&& {Ogw Vy Xo{h {Vg¡ {ZaVma¡Ÿ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 991)~oX nwamU gmgÌ ~rMma§Ÿ&& EH§$H$ma Zm_ CaYma§Ÿ&&

(JmWm _. 5, 1361)_Zw ÑSw> H$[a Amg{U ~¡gw OmoJr Vm Voar H$bnUm OmB©Ÿ&&H$mBAm ZJar _{h _§J{U M‹S>{h OmoJr Vm Zm_w nb¡ nmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 908)

3. Zm_ BpÝÐ`m| H$s hX go nao h¡AÑgQ> AJmoMé Zm_w AnmamŸ&& A{V agw _rR>m Zm_w {nAmamŸ&&ZmZH$ H$C Ow{J Ow{J h[a Ogw XrO¡ h[a OnrEo A§Vw Z nmBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1041)

3. Zm_ Ho$ bjU1. doXm|, emóm|, nwÊ`, XmZ, VrW©-`mÌm, nyOm VWm AÝ` AZoH$ H$_m]-Y_m] go Zm_ H$ht CÎm_ Am¡a D±$Mm h¡nw§Z XmZ On Vn OoVo g^ D$n[a Zm_wŸ&&h[a h[a agZm Omo On¡ {Vgw nyaZ H$m_wŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 401)~oX gmgÌ OZ {YAmd{h VaU H$C g§gméŸ&&H$a_ Ya_ AZoH$ {H$[aAm g^ D$n[a Zm_w AMméŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 405)hC AZ{XZw Zm_w bB© H$aVmaoŸ&& {O{Z godH$ ^JV g o {ZgVmaoŸ&&Xg AR> Mm[a doX g{^ nyN>hþ OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w N>S>mB© OrCŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 4, 998){g_¥{V ~oX nwamU nwH$ma{Z nmoWrAmŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm g{^ Hy$Sw> Jmëhr hmoN>rAmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 761)

Zm_ 191


AmR> nha {g_ahþ à w Zm_wŸ&& A{ZH$ VraW _OZw BgZmZwŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 184)

g w H$moB© _rR>m _§{J XoI¡ Ig_ ^md¡ gmo H$aoŸ&&{H$Nw> nw§Z XmZ AZoH$ H$aUr Zm_ Vw{b Z g_gaoŸ&&

(dS>h§g _. 1, 566)nyOm Omn Vmn BgZmZŸ&& {g_aV Zm_ Ê {ZhH$m_Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 5137)Omn Vmn {JAmZ g{^ {YAmZŸ&& IQ> gmgÌ {g_¥{V d{IAmZŸ&&OmoJ A{Âmg H$a_ Y«_ {H$[aAmŸ&& gJb {VAm{J ~Z _Yo {\$[aAmŸ&&A{ZH$ àH$ma H$sE ~hþ OVZmŸ&& nw§ZXmZ hmo_o ~hþ aVZmŸ&&garé H$Q>mB hmo_¡ H$[a amVrŸ&& daV Zo_ H$a¡ ~hþ ^mVrŸ&&Zhr Vw{b am_ Zm_ ~rMmaŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w OnrEo BH$ ~maŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 265)Zm_ Vw{b H$Nw> Adé Z hmoBŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w nmd¡ OZw H$moBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 265)H$b _¡ EHw$ Zm_w {H$anm{Z{Y Om{h On¡ J{V nmd¡Ÿ&&ACa Ya_ VmH¡$ g{_ Zmh{Z Bh {~{Y ~oXw ~Vmd¡Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 9, 632)Oo bI H$a_ H$_mB©A{h {H$Nw> nd¡ Z ~§YmŸ&&OZ ZmZH$ H$sVm Zm_w Ya hmoé N>mo{S>Am Y§YmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 396)h[a H$m ZmC A{V dS> D$Mm hÿ D$Mm hmoB©Ÿ&&An{‹S> H$moB Z gH$B© Oo gC bmoM¡ H$moB©Ÿ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1416)~Zmgar Vnw H$a¡ Cb{Q> VraW _a¡ AJ{Z Xh¡ H$mBAm H$bnw H$sO¡Ÿ&&Agw_oY OJw H$sO¡ gmoZm Ja^ XmZw XrO¡ am_ Zm_ g[a VD$ Z nyO¡Ÿ&&

(am_H$br Zm_Xod Or, 973)

2. Zm_ H$^r _¡bm Zht hmoVmgMw nwamUm Zm WrEo Zm_w Z _¡bm hmoBŸ&&Jwa H¡$ ^mU¡ Oo Mb¡ ~hþ{‹S> Z AmdUw hmoBŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1248)

3. Zm_ AQ>b h¡, BgHo$ {~Zm g~ µ\$Zmh (ZmedmZ) h¡EH$mo {ZhMb Zm_ YZw hmoé YZw Amd¡ OmBŸ&&Bgw YZ H$C VgH$a Omo{h Z gH$B© Zm AmoMH$m bo OmBŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 3, 511)gmo YZw dIé Zm_w [aX¡ h_maoŸ&& {Ogw Vy Xo{h {Vg¡ {ZgVma¡Ÿ&&Z Bhþ YZw Ob¡ Z VgH$é b¡ OmBŸ&&Z Bhþ YZw Sy>~¡ Z Bgw YZ H$C {_b¡ gOmBŸ&&

(_mé _. 1, 991){VAmJr gJb {gAmZnm Ôw nma~«h_ {Za§H$méŸ&&EH$ gMo Zm_ ~mPhþ gJb Xrg¡ N>méŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 405)Iy~w Iy~w Iy~w Iy~w Iy~w Voamo Zm_wŸ&& PyRw> PyRw> PyRw> PyRw> XwZr Jw_mZwŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1138)hmoé Hw$Sw> n‹S>Um Hw$Sw> ~mobUm _mBAm Zm{b {nAméŸ&&ZmZH$ {dUw Zmd¡ H$mo {Wé Zhr n{‹S> n{‹S> hmoB IwAméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 84)

4. Zm_ go hr Ord Or{dV h¡, BgHo$ {~Zm _m¡V h¡Omo à^ ^md¡ gmo WrEo Adé Z H$aUm OmBŸ&&OZw ZmZHw$ Ord¡ Zm_w b¡ h[a Xodhþ gh{O gw mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)AmIm Ordm {dga¡ _[a OmCŸ&& AmI{U ACIm gmMm ZmCŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 1, 349)Am{n OJmE goB© OmJo Jwa H¡$ g~{X drMmarŸ&&ZmZH$ goB© _yE {O Zm_w Z MoV{h ^JV Ordo drMmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 911)Zm_ {~Zm Zhr Or{dAm OmBŸ&& dS>¡ ^m{J Jwa_w{I h[a nmBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 366)agZm Zm_w H$aZ gw{U OrdoŸ&& à^ {g_[a {g_[a A_a {Wé WrdoŸ&&

(^¡ad _. 5, 1137)_oao àrV_m hC Ordm Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ OrdUw Zm WrEo _oao g{VJwa Zm_w {Ð‹S>mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 40)

5. Am¡a g~ ag, a§J PyR>o h¢, Zm_ _rR>m, gƒm Am¡a AnZm a§J XoZo dmbm h¡{~Zw h[a ÔZ a§J ag OoVo g§V XBAmb OmZo g{^ PyR>oŸ&&Zm_ aVZw nmBAmo OZ ZmZH$ Zm_ {~hÿZ Mbo g{^ _yR>oŸ&&

(Q>moS>r _. 5, 717)

Vm _¡ H${hAm H$hUw Om OwP¡ H$hmBAmŸ&&A§_¥Vw h[a H$m Zm_w _oa¡ _{Z ^mBAmŸ&&Zm_w _rR>m _Z{h bmJm Xy{I S>oam T>m{hAmŸ&&gyIw _Z _{h AmB d{gAm Om{_ V¡ \w$a_mBAmŸ&&ZX[a VwYw AaXm{g _oar {O{Z Amnw CnmBAmŸ&&Vm _¡ H${hAm H$hUw Vm VwP¡ H$hmBAmŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)Zm_mo hr _{Z bmJm _rR>m O{b W{b g^ _{h Zm_mo S>rR>mŸ&&

(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)AÑgQ> AJmoMé Zm_w AnmamŸ&& A{V agw _rR>m Zm_w {nAmamŸ&&ZmZH$ H$C Ow{J Ow{J h[a Ogw XrO¡ h[a OnrEo A§Vw Z nmBAmŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1041)gô dgVy H$C‹S>rAm gMo ZmC {_R>mŸ&&gmXw AmBAm {VZ h[a OZm§ M{I gmYr {S>R>mŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 321){~I¡ H$C‹S>V{U gJb _m{h OJ{V ahr bnQ>mBŸ&&ZmZH$ O{Z drMm[aAm _rR>m h[a H$m ZmCŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 320)Zm_w Voam h¡ gmMm gXm _¡ _{Z ^mUmŸ&&XyIw JBAm gwIw AmB g_mUmŸ&&Jmd{Z gw[a Za gwK‹S> gwOmUmŸ&&gw[a Za gwK‹S> gwOmU Jmd{h Omo Voa¡ _{Z ^mdhoŸ&&_mBAm _moho MoV{h Zmhr A{hbm OZ_w JdmdhoŸ&&B{H$ _y‹S> _wJY Z MoV{h _ybo Omo AmBAm {Vgw OmUmŸ&&Zm_w Voam gXm gmMm gmoB _¡ _{Z ^mUmŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)

Voam EH$mo Zm_w _§OrR>‹S>m aVm _oam Mmobm gX a§J T>mobmŸ&&(gyhr _. 1, 729)

ZmZH$ Zm_ aVo go a§Jwbo Jwa H¡$ gh{O gw mBŸ&&^JVr a§Jw Z CVa¡ ghOo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw dma _. 3, 85)Zm{_ aVo go {Za_bo Jwa H¡$ gh{O gw mBŸ&&_Zw VZw amVm a§J {gC agZm agZ agmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)ZmZH$ Zm_w Zm_w Onw O{nAm A§V[a ~mh[a a§{JŸ&&Jw[a nya¡ CnXo{gAm ZaHw$ Zm{h gmY g§{JŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257){M‹S>r MwhH$s nhþ \w$Q>r dJ{Z ~hþVw Va§JŸ&&AMaO ê$n g§VZ aMo ZmZH$ Zm_{h a§JŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 319)

6. Zm_ _| _ñVr h¡ Am¡a dh EH$ ag h¡g~Xo H$m {Z~o‹S>m gw{U Vy ACYy {~Zw Zmd¡ OmoJw Z hmoB©Ÿ&&Zm_o amVo AZ{XZw _mVo Zm_¡ Vo gwIw hmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br {gY JmogQ> _. 1, 946)Zm_w BH$ ag a§J Zm_m Zm{_ bmJr brCŸ&&_rVw gmOZw gIm ~§Ynw h[a EHw$ ZmZH$ H$sCŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 5, 1007)

7. Zm_ AmYma h¡O¡go OZ{Z OR>a _{h àmZr Amohþ ahVm Zm_ AYm[aŸ&&AZXw H$a¡ gm{g gåhma¡ Zm nmoh¡ AJZm[aŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 379)H$moB Z {H$g hr g§{J H$mho Ja~rEoŸ&&EHw$ Zm_w AmYmé ^CObw Va~rEoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 398)

OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w AYmé Q>oH$ h¡ {~Zw Zmd¡ Adé Z H$moB OrCŸ&&OJw CnO¡ {~Zg¡ {~Z{g {~Zmg¡ b{J Jwa_w{I Ag{Wé hmoB OrCŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 447)Zm_ YZw {Ogw OZ H¡$ nmb¡ gmoB© nyam gmhmŸ&&Zm_w {~Chmam ZmZH$ AmYmam Zm_w namn{V bmhmŸ&&

(YZgar _. 5, 680)à^ Or H$mo Zm_w _Z{h gmYma¡Ÿ&&OrC àmZ gyI Bgw _Z H$C ~aV{Z Eh h_ma¡Ÿ&&Zm_w Om{V Zm_w _oar n{V h¡ Zm_w _oa¡ nadma¡Ÿ&&Zm_w gImB© gXm _oa¡ g§{J h[aZm_w _moH$C {ZgVma¡Ÿ&&

(Q>moS>r _. 5, 713)_¡ A§Ywbo H$s Q>oH$ Voam Zm_w IwX§H$mamŸ&&_¡ Jar~ _¡ _gH$sZ Voam Zm_ h¡ AYmamŸ&&

({Vb§Jw Zm_Xod, 727)OZ H$s yI Voam Zm_w AmhméŸ&& Vy§ XmVm à^ XodUhméŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 743)bmb Zm_ OmH¡$ âo §S>maŸ&& gJb KQ>m Xod¡ AmYmaŸ&&

(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)

Zm_ g§{J H$sZmo {~ChméŸ&& Zm_w hr Bgw _Z H$m AYméŸ&&(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)

gmMw Zm_w AYmé _oam {O{Z wIm g{^ JdmB©AmŸ&&H$[a gm§{V gwI _{Z AmB d{gAm {O{Z BN>m g{^ nwOmB©AmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

H$h¡ ZmZHw$ gwUhþ g§Vhþ g~{X Yahþ {nAmamoŸ&&gmMm Zm_w Voam AmYmamoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

Voam EHw$ Zm_w Vmao g§gméŸ&& _¡ Ehm Amg Ehmo AmYméŸ&&({gar amJw _. 1, 24)

{g_[a {g_[a Zm_w ~ma§~maŸ&& ZmZH$ OrA H$m Bh¡ AYmaŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 295)

^C {~Zg¡ A§_¥Vw ag¡ a§{J aVo {Za§H$maŸ&&XwI Xm[aX An{dÌVm Zmg{h Zm_ AmYmaŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 297)

8. Zm_ daXmVm h¡Zm_o hr Zm{_ daVXo Zm_o daVmamŸ&&A§V[a Zm_w _w{I Zm_w h¡ Zm_o g~{X drMmamŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)

9. Zm_ Amgam h¡h[a g§Vm Zmo hmoé WmC Zmhr h[a _mUw {Z_mUoŸ&&OZ ZmZH$ Z_w Xr~mUw h¡ h[a VmUw gVmUoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 450)

10. Mmam| `wJm| _| g~ bmoJm| H$m CÕma Zm_ Ûmam hþAm h¡OwJ Mmao Zm_w CV_w g~Xw ~rMm[aŸ&&H${b _{h Jwa_w{I CVa{g nm[aŸ&&

(JCar _. 3, 229)Zm_o CYao g{^ {OVZo bmoAŸ&& Jwa_w{I {OZm namn{V hmoBŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1129)EH$ Zm{_ OwJ Mm[a CYmao g~Xo Zm_ {dgmhm hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1055)

11. H${b`wJ _| Ho$db Zm_ H$m hr AmYma h¡ Am¡a {H$gr H$_©-Y_© H$m ZhtgVOw{J gVw VoVm OJr XwAmn[a nyOm MmaŸ&&VrZm¡ OwJ VrZm¡ {X‹S>o H${b Ho$db Zm_ AYmaŸ&&

(JC‹S>r a{dXmg _. 346)

IÌr ~«mh_U gyX d¡g CnXogw Mhþ daZm H$C gmPmŸ&&Jwa_w{I Zm_w On¡ CYa¡ gmo H${b _{h K{Q> K{Q> ZmZH$ _mPmŸ&&

(gyhr _. 5, 747)Yyb{h VC _Z OC Amd{h gaZmŸ&& Zm_ VVw H$b _{h nwZhMaZmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 254)H${bOwJ _{h BH$ Zm{_ CYméŸ&& ZmZHw$ ~mob¡ ~«h_ ~rMméŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1138)

Zm_ 193


H$b _¡ _w{H$V Zm_ Vo nmdV Jwa `h oXw ~Vmd¡Ÿ&&H$hþ ZmZH$ gmoB© Zé Jê$Am Omo à^ Ho$ JwZ Jmd¡Ÿ&&

({~bmdbw _. 9, 831)Bgw H${bOwJ _{h H$a_ Ya_w Z H$moB©Ÿ&&H$br H$m OZ_w M§S>mb H¡$ K[a hmoB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ Zm_ {~Zm H$mo _wH${V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 161)Bgw OJw _{h Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ Zm_mo Zm{b Mb¡Ÿ&&Ehþ AIwQw> H$Xo Z {ZIwQ>B© ImB Ia{MC nb¡Ÿ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1091)_oao _Z H$mho amogw H$arO¡Ÿ&&bmhm H$bOw{J am_ Zm_w h¡ Jwa_{V AZ{XZw {haX¡ adrO¡Ÿ&&

(_bma _. 5,g 1262)A~ H$by AmBAmo aoŸ& BHw$ Zm_w ~modhþ ~modhþŸ&&AZ ê${V Zmhr ZmhrŸ&& _Vw â{_ ybhþ ybhþŸ&&

(~g§V _. 5,g 1185)

12. H${b wJ _| {OZH$mo Zm_ {_bm h¡, ZmZH$ CZ na Hw$~m©Z h¡H$hþ ZmZH$ VmH¡$ ~{b OmCŸ&& H${bOwJ _{h nmBAm {O{Z ZmCŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1298)

13. Agbr nyOm Zm_ H$s h¡ Am¡a Cgr go Ord H$m CÕma h¡h[a H$s nyOm Xwb§ h¡ g§Vhþ H$hUm H$Ny> Z OmB©Ÿ&&g§Vhþ Jwa_w{I nyam nmB©Ÿ&& Zm_mo nyO H$amB©Ÿ&&h[a {~Zw g w {H$Nw> _¡bm g§Vhþ {H$Am hC nyO M‹S>mB©Ÿ&&h[a gmMo ^md¡ gm nyOm hmod¡ ^mUm _§{Z dgmB©Ÿ&&nyOm H$a¡ g w bmoHw$ g§Vhþ _Z_w{I WmB Z nmB©Ÿ&&g~{X _a¡ _Zw {Za_bw g§Vhþ Eh nyOm WmB nmB©Ÿ&&g~{X _a¡ _Zw {Za_bw g§Vhþ Eh nyOm WmB nmB©Ÿ&&n{dV nmdZ go OZ gmMo EH$ g~{X {bd bmB©Ÿ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ hmoa nyO Z hmodr â{_ wbr bmoH$mB©Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I Amnw nN>mU¡ g§Vhþ am_ Zm{_ {bd bmB©Ÿ&&Amno {Za_bw nyO H$amE Jwa g~Xr WmB nmB©Ÿ&&nyOm H$a{h né {~{Y Zhr OmU{h XyO¡ WmB _bw bmB©Ÿ&&Jwa_w{I hmod¡ gw nyOm OmU¡ ^mUm _{Z dgmB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 910)

4. Zm_ {H$g àH$ma {_bVm h¡?

1. Zm_ _m{bH$ H$s X`m go {_bVm h¡, {Og Ord H$mo _m{bH$ _moh-_m`m H$s ZtX go OJmò, dhr OmJ gH$Vm h¡Amno Wmno Wm{n CWmnoŸ&& ZmZH$ Zm_w Xod¡ h[a AmnoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 367)

H$aUr H$sa{V Zm_w dgmB©Ÿ&& Amno Xod¡ {T>b Z nmB©Ÿ&&(Amgm _. 3, 363)

Zmd¡ OodSw> hmoé YZw Zmhr H$moBŸ&& {OgZmo ~Igo gmMm gmoBŸ&&(Amgm _. 3, 364)

OZ_ _aUw {ZdmarEo XwIw Z O_nw[a hmoBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw gmoB© nmE H¥$nm H$ao à w gmoBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 405){Og Zmo Xod¡ {Vgw {_b¡ Jwa_{V Zm_w ~wPmB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ g^ {H$Nw> Zmd¡ Ho$ d{g h¡ nya¡ ^m{J H$mo nmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)g^ Zmd¡ Zmo bmoMXr {Ogw H¥$nm H$ao gmo nmEŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ g w XwIw h¡ gwIw {Vgw {Ogw _§{Z dgmEŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 427)Zm_w AIwQw> {ZYmZw h¡ Jwa_w{I _{Z d{gAmŸ&&H$[a {H$anm Zm_w Xodgr {\$[a boIw Z {b{IAmŸ&&godH$ ^mB go OZ {_bo {OZ h[a Onw O{nAmŸ&&

(gyhr dma _. 3, 787)Zm_w ACIYw gmoB© OZw nmd¡Ÿ&& H$[a {H$anm {Ogw Am{n {Xdmd¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 179)H$[a {H$anm {Og H$C Zm_w XrAmŸ&& ZmZH$ gmo OZw {Za_bw WrAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 283)Zm_ IOmZm ^JVr nmBAm _Z VZ V¥n{V AKmEŸ&&ZmZH$ h[a OrC VmH$C Xod¡ Om H$C hþH$_w _ZmEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 208){H$anm H$a{h Jmdm à w gmoBŸ&& Zm_ aVZw g^ OJ _{h bmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 232){I_m Jhr gMw g§{MAmo ImBAmo A§_¥Vw Zm_Ÿ&&Iar H¥$nm R>mHw$a ^B© AZX gyI {~òm_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 261)h[a h[a Zm_w A_mobHw$ h[a n{h h[a Xod¡ Vm Zm_w {YAmdrEo aoŸ&&{OgZmo Zm_w XoB _oam gwAm_r {Vgw boIm g w N>S>mdrEoŸ&&

(Ho$Xmam _. 4, 1118)VmH¡$ {haX¡ ~{gAmo Zm_wŸ&& Om H$C gwAm_r H$sZmo XmZwŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1298)Zm_w OnV gmoD$ OZw CYa¡ {Og{h CYmahþ AmnŸ&&{~Z{g OmB _moh ^¡ â_m ZmZH$ g§V àVmnŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1307){OZm h[a H$m gmXw AmBAm hC {VZ ~{bhma¡ OmgwŸ&&ZmZH$ ZXar nmB©Eo gMw Zm_w JwUVmgwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 26)E _Z Bhþ YZw Zm_w h¡ {OVw gXm gXm gwI hmoBŸ&&VmoQ>m _y{b Z AmdB© bmhm gXhr hmoBŸ&&ImY¡ Ia{MEo Vmo{Q> Z AmdB© gXm gXm Amohþ XoBŸ&&ghgm _y{b Z hmodB© hUV H$Xo Z hmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I nmB©Eo Omo H$C ZX[a H$aoBŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 555)ZmZH$m {OZ Zm_w {_{bAm H$a_w hmoAm Yw[a H$XoŸ&&g^ CnmB©AZw Am{n Amno ZX[a H$aoŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)g w H$moB _rR>m _§{J XoI¡ Ig_ ^md¡ gmo H$aoŸ&&{H$Nw> n§wZ XmZ AZoH$ H$aUr Zm_ Vw{b Z g_gaoŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)

Ka _§Xa Iwgr Zm_ H$s ZX[a Voar nadméŸ&&hþH$_w gmoB© VwYw ^mdgr hmoé AmIUw ~hþVw AnméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 16)Omo à^ ^md¡ gmo WrEo Adé Z H$aUm OmBŸ&&OZw ZmZHw$ Ord¡ Zm_w b¡ h[a Xodhþ gh{O gw mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 27)Am{n OJmE goB© OmJo Jwa H¡$ g~{X drMmarŸ&&ZmZH$ goB© _yE {O Zm_w Z MoV{h ^JV Ordo drMmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 911)

2. Ywa go ~p™ee hmo, nyao ^m½` Am¡a nyd©-boI hm| V~ Zm_ {_bVm h¡ZmZH$m {OZ Zm_w {_{bAm H$a_w hmoAm Yw[a H$ÐoŸ&&g^ CnmB©AZw Am{n Amno ZX[a H$aoŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)

{OÝh Yw[a {b{IAm boIw {VZr Zm_w H$_mBAmŸ&&X[a gM¡ g{MAma _h{b ~wbmBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 369)

Yw[a H$a{_ nmBAm VwYw {OZ H$C {g Zm{_ h[a H¡$ bmJoŸ&&H$h¡ ZmZHw$ Vh gwIw hmoAm {VVw K[a AZhX dmOoŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)Zm{_ {_{bEo n{V nmB©Eo Zm{_ _§{ZEo gwIw hmoBŸ&&g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo H$a{_ {_b¡ à w gmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 233)OVw gVw g§O_w Zm_w h¡ {dUw Zmd¡ {Za_bw Z hmoBŸ&&nya¡ ^m{J Zm_w _{Z dg¡ g~{X {_bmdm hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 33)

{V{Z h[a YZw nmBAm {Ogw nwa~ {bIo H$m bhUmŸ&&OZ ZmZH$ A§{V dma Zm_w JhUmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 375)

dV bJr gMo Zm_ H$s Omo ~rOo gmo ImBŸ&&{Vg{h namn{V ZmZH$m {OgZmo {b{IAm AmBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 321)

h[a h[a Zm_w n{dVw h¡ Zm_w OnV XwIw OmBŸ&&{OZ H$C nya{~ {b{IAm {VZ _{Z d{gAm AmBŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1313)

Zm_w {ZYmZw {YAmB©Eo g_V{H$ hmod¡ ^mJwŸ&&H$maO g{^ gdmarA{h Jwa H$s MaUr bmJwŸ&&hC_¡ amoJw «_w H$Q>rEo Z Amd¡ Zm OmJwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 47)

3. dh Zm_ _| a_o hþE gVJwé go àmá hmoVm h¡, gmY-g§J, Jwé_V Am¡a Jwé-àgmX Ûmam {_bVm h¡Voa¡ Zm{_ {Zdo aho {bd bmBŸ&& ZmZH$ {VZ X[a ^r{IAm nmBŸ&&

({Vb§J _. 1, 721)Omo {V{Z H$sAm gmo gMw WrAmŸ&& A§_¥Vw Zm_w g{VJw[a XrAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 352)

gwI {ZYmZ Zm_w à^ Vw_am Ehþ A{~Zmgr _§Ìw brAmoŸ&&H$[a {H$anm _mo{h g{VJw[a XrZm Vmnw g§Vmnw _oam ~¡é JrAmoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 382)g{VJw[a Zm_w {ZYmZw Ñ‹S>mBAm qMVm gJb {~ZmgrŸ&&H$[a {H$anm AnwZmo H$[a brZm _{Z d{gAm A{~ZmgrŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 5, 616)Zm_¡ hr Vo g w {H$Nw> hmoAm {~Zw g{VJwa Zm_w Z Omn¡Ÿ&&Jwa H$m g~Xw _hm agw _rR>m {~Zw MmIo gmXw Z Omn¡Ÿ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 753)g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo ACYy OmoJ OwJ{V Vm hmoB©Ÿ&&H$[a ~rMmé _{Z XoIhþ ZmZH$ {~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br {gY JmogQ> _. 1, 946)nya¡ g{VJw[a gmoPm nmB©Ÿ&& EH$mo Zm_w _§{Z dgmB©Ÿ&&Zm_w Onr V¡ Zm_w {YAmB© _hbw nmB Jw_ Jmhm hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1053)AZ{XZw Zm_o a{VAm OmoVr Omo{V g_mBŸ&&OmoVr hÿ à w OmnXm {~Zw gVJwa ~yP Z nmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)_oao àrV_m hC Ordm Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ OrdUw Zm WrEo _oao g{VJwa Zm_w Ñ‹S>mBŸ&&Zm_w A_mobHw$ aVZw h¡ nyao g{VJwa nm{gŸ&&g{VJwa god¡ b{JAm H${T> aVZw Xod¡ naJm{gŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 40)Zm_ {_{bEo n{V nmB©Eo Zm{_ _§{ZEo gwIw hmoBŸ&&g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo H$a{_ {_b¡ à w gmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 3, 233){O nwaIw gwU¡ gmo hmoB {ZhmbwŸ&&ZmZH$ g{VJwa {_{bEo nmBAm Zm_w YZw _mbwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 3, 317)

g{VJw[a _moH$C H$sZmo XmZwŸ&& A_mob aVZw h[a XrZmo Zm_wŸ&&(^¡aC _. 5, 1157)

h[a h[a H¥$nm H$ahþ OJOrdZ _¡ gaYm Zm{_ bJmd¡JmoŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwê$ Jwê$ h¡ g{VJwé _¡ g{VJwé ga{Z {_bmd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1310)gmo gmYy ~¡amJr gmoB© {haX¡ Zm_w dgmEŸ&&A§V[a bm{J Z Vm_gw _ybo {dMhþ Amnw JdmEŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw gVJwê$ {XIm{bAm h[a agw nrAm AKmEŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)gM¡ g~{X gMr n{V hmoB©Ÿ&& {~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z nmd¡ H$moB©Ÿ&&{~Zw g{VJwa H$mo ZmC Z nmE à{^ Eogr ~UV ~UmB© hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1046)A§_¥V \$bw Zm_w {O{Z Jwa Vo nmBAmŸ&& ZmZH$ Xmg Var {V{Z _mBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 385)Zm_w nXmaWw ZC {Z{Y {g{YŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa Vo nmB© ~w{YŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 387)

gmMm Zm_w _oam AmYmamoŸ&&gmMw Zm_w AYmé _oam {O{Z wIm g{^ JdmB©AmŸ&&

Zm_ 195


H$[a gm§{V gwI _{Z AmB d{gAm {O{Z BN>m g{^ nwOmB©AmŸ&&gXm Hw$a~mUw H$sVm Jwê$ {dQ>hþ {Og XrAm E{h d{S>AmB©AmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)Jwa {_brEo Zm_w nmB©Eo MyH¡$ _moh {nAmgŸ&&h[a goVr _Zw a{d a{hAm Ka hr _m{h CXmgwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 26)XyIw gVmnw Z bJB© {Ogw h[a H$m Zm_w AYméŸ&&~mh nH${‹S> Jw[a H$m{T>Am gmoB© CV[aAm nm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)Zm_w {YAmE gmo gwIr {Vgw _wIw D$Obw hmoBŸ&&nyao Jwa Vo nmB©Eo naJQw> g^Zr bmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)ZmZH$ Zm_w Zm_w Onw O{nAm A§V[a ~mh[a a§{JŸ&&Jw[a nya¡ CnXo{gAm ZaHw$ Zm{h gmY g§{JŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)Z§ZmH$mé Z hmoVm Vm H$hþŸ&& Zm_ _§Ìw Jw[a XrZmo Om H$hþŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)ZmB _{ZEo XwI wI JB© {OZ Zm{_ {MVw bmBAmŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w {VZr gmbm{hAm {OZ Jwê$ {_bmBAmŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1241)ga~ H$bm gmoB© na~rZŸ&& Zm_ _§Ìw Om H$C Jw[a XrZŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1298)h[a D$V_w h[a à^ Zm_w h¡ Jwa~M{Z g^mJ¡ brVmŸ&&XwIw XmbXw g^mo b{h JBAm Om§ ZmC Jwê$ h[a XrVmŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m dma _. 4, 1317)JwnVm Zm_w daV¡ {d{M H$bOw{J K{Q> K{Q> h[a âny[a ah{AmŸ&&Zm_w aVZw {VZm {haX¡ àJ{Q>Am Omo Jwa gaUmB© ^{O nBAmŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 3, 1334){~Zw g{VJwa XmVm H$mo Zhr Omo h[aZm_w XoB AmYméŸ&&Jwa {H$anm Vo ZmC _{Z dg¡ gXm ah¡ C[aYm[aŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 3, 1417)h[a h[a Voam Zm_w h¡ XwI _oQ>UhmamŸ&&Jwa godm Vo nmB©Eo Jwa_w{I {ZgVmamŸ&&

({Vb§J _. 4, 725)Zm_w {ZYmZw {YAmB©Eo _gV{H$ hmod¡ ^mJwŸ&&H$maO g{^ gdmarA{h Jwa H$s MaUr bmJwŸ&&hC_¡ amoJw «_w H$Q>rEo Z Amd¡ Zm OmJwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 47)Zm_w BgQw> _rV gwV H$aVm _Z g§{J Vwhma¡ Mmb¡Ÿ&&H$[a godm g{VJwa AnwZo H$s Jwa Vo nmB©Eo nmb¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 213)hC_¡ V¥gZm _m[a H¡$ gMw a{IAm Ca Ym[aŸ&&OJw _{h bmhm EHw$ Zm_w nmB©Eo Jwa drM[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 55)Zm{_ aVo go {Za_bo Jwa H¡$ gh{O gw mBŸ&&_Zw VZw amVm a§J {gC agZm agmB©Ÿ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)

ZmZH$ Zm_ aVo go a§Jwbo Jwa H¡$ gh{O gw mBŸ&&^JVr a§Jw Z CVa¡ ghOo aho g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw dma _. 3, 85)H$hþ ZmZH$ Jw[a _§Ìw Ñ‹S>mBAmŸ&& Ho$db Zm_w [aX _m{h g_mBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 188)gnV{_ g§Mhþ Zm_ YZw Qy>{Q> Z Om{h §S>maŸ&&g§V g§J{V _{h nmB©Eo A§Vw Z nmamdmaŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 298)Eogm Zm_w Onhþ _Z a§{JŸ&& ZmZH$ nmB©Eo gmY H¡$ g§{JŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)à w H¥$nmbw {H$anm H$a¡Ÿ&& Zm_w ZmZH$ gmYy g§{J {_b¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 211)gmY g§{J O{nAmo ^Jd§VwŸ&& Ho$db Zm_w XrAmo Jw[a _§VwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 183)_mo{h {ZaJwU H$C à{^ H$sZr XBAmŸ&&gmY g§{J ZmZH$ Zm_w bBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 183)Zm_w ACIYw _moH$C gmYy XrAmŸ&& {H$b{~I H$mQ>o {Za_bw WrAmŸ&&AZXw ^BAm {ZH$gr g^ nram gJb {~Zmgo XaXm OrCŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 101)g§V OZhþ {_{b ^mB©hmo gMm Zm_w g_m{bŸ&&Vmogm ~§Yhþ OrAm H$m EoW¡ AmoW¡ Zm{bŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 49)Zm_w Onhþ _oao Jwa {gI _rVmŸ&&Zm_w Onhþ Zm_o gwIw nmdhþ Zm_w aIhþ Jwa_{V _{Z MrVmŸ&&Zm_mo Zm_w gwUr _Zw gagmŸ&& Zm_w bmhm b¡ Jwa_{V {~JgmŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm Hw$gQ>r _mohþ A§YmŸ&& g^ {Zh\$b H$a_ H$sE XwIw Y§YmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 367)Onw Vnw g§O_w _Z¡ _m{h {~Zw Zmd¡ Y¥Jw OrdmgwŸ&&Jwa_Vr ZmC nmB©Eo _Z_wI _mo{h {dUmgwŸ&&{OC ^md¡ {VC amIw Vy§ ZmZHw$ Voam XmgwŸ&&

({gar amJw dma _. 3, 86)

{gYm god{Z {gY nra _mJ{h [a{Y {g{YŸ&&_¡ BHw$ Zm_w Z drga¡ gmM¡ Jwa ~w{YŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 418){OZr BH$ _{Z Zm_w {YAmBAm Jwa_{V drMm[aŸ&&{VZHo$ _wI gX CObo {VVw gM¡ Xa~m[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)_Z _oao Zm{_ aVo gwIw hmoBŸ&&Jwa_Vr Zm_w gbmhrEo XyOm A§dé Z H$moBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 38)gwnZ§Vé g§gmé g w ~mOr Iobw {Ibmd¡Jmo bmhmZm_w Jwa_{V b¡ Mmbhþ h[a XaJh n¡Ym Omd¡JmoŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 4, 1311)h[a H$sa{V CV_w Zm_w h¡ {d{M H${bOwJ H$aUr gméŸ&&_{V Jwa_{V H$sa{V nmB©Eo h[a Zm_m h[a C[ahméŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m dma _. 4, 1314)

g{VJwa {dM A§_¥V Zm_w h¡ A§_¥Vw H$h¡ H$hmBŸ&&Jwa_Vr Zm_w {Za_bw {Za_b Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&

(gbmoH$ _. 4, 1423){haX¡ Zm_w ga~ YZw YmaUw Jwa nagmXr nmBEoŸ&&A_h nXmaW Vo {H$aVmaW ghO {YAm{Z {bd bmBEoŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 1, 1127)OZ_w nXmaWw nmB Zm_w {YAmBAmŸ&&Jwa nagmXr ~w{P g{M g_mBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 369)Ohm§ Zm_w {_b¡ Vh OmCŸ&& Jwa nagmXr H$a_ H$_mCŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)_oao _Z _¡ h[a {~Zw Ada Z H$moBŸ&&g{VJwa {d{M Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ {nAmam H$[a XBAm A§_¥Vw _w{I MmoBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 4, 605)Zm_w A_mobHw$ Z nmBAm OmBŸ&& Jwanagm{X dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 3, 663)Jwanagm{X Zm{_ _Zw bmJmŸ&& OZ_ OZ_ H$m gmoBAm OmJmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 184)Jwa àgm{X {O{Z nmBAm Zm_wŸ&& ZmZH$ AmBAm gmo nadmZwŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1145)Zm_w {gamo_{U ga~ _¡ ^JV aho {bd Ym[aŸ&&gmoB Zm_w nXmaWw A_a Jwa Vw{g XrAmo H$aVm[aŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 5, 1393)

4. gmY Am¡a Jwé go Zm_ H$m Jwé-_ÝÌ {_bVm h¡gmYg§{J O{nAmo ^Jd§VwŸ&& Ho$db Zm_w XrAmo Jw[a _§VwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 183)

Z§ZmH$mé Z hmoVm Vm H$hþŸ&& Zm_ _§Ìw Jw[a XrZmo Om H$hþŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)

ga~ H$bm gmoB© na~rZŸ&& Zm_ _§Ìw OmH$C Jw[a XrZŸ&&(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1298)

5. Zm_ Jwé_wI H$mo Zgr~ hmoVm h¡, _Z_wI H$mo ZhtZm_ {~Zm Zhr Or{dAm OmBŸ&& dS>¡ ^m{J Jwa_w{I h[a nmBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 366)Zm_w Onhþ Jwa_w{I naJmgmŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm _¡ Ya Zhr H$mB© Zm_w a{dAm g^ gmg {JamgmŸ&&Zm_¡ gwa{V gwZr _{Z ^mB©Ÿ&& Omo Zm_w gwZmd¡ gmo _rVw gImB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 367)A§V[a Zm_w {ZYmZw Jwa_w{I nmB©EoŸ&&AZ{XZw Zm_w {YAmB h[aJwU JmB©EoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 369)Zm_¡ H$s g^ godm H$a¡ Jwa_w{I Zm_w ~wPmB©Ÿ&&Zm_hþ hr Zm_w _§ZrEo Zm_o d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w AYmé Q>oH$ h¡ {~Zw Zmd¡ Adé Z H$moB OrCŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 447)

E _Z Bhþ YZw Zm_w h¡ {OVw gXm gXm gwI hmoBŸ&&VmoQ>m _y{b Z AmdB© bmhm gXhr hmoBŸ&&ImY¡ Ia{M o Vmo{Q> Z AmdB© gXm gXm Amohþ XoBŸ&&ghgm _y{b Z hmodB© hmUV H$Xo Z hmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I nmB©Eo OmH$C ZX[a H$aoBŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 555)OwJ _m{h Zm_w Xwb§ w h¡ Jwa_w{I nmBAm OmBŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z hmodB© doIhþ H$mo {dCnmBŸ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 490)Zm_w AIwQw> {ZYmZw h¡ Jwa_w{I _Z d{gAmŸ&&H$[a {H$anm Zm_w Xodgr {\$[a boIw Z {b{IAmŸ&&godH$ ^mB go OZ {_bo {OZ h[a Onw O{nAmŸ&&

(gyhr dma _. 3, 787)Ka hr gCXm nmB©Eo A§V[a g^ dWw hmoBŸ&&{IZw {IZw Zm_w g_mbrEo Jwa_w{I nmd¡ H$moBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw AIwQw> h¡ dS>^m{J namn{V hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)Zm_w A_mobHw$ Jwa_w{I nmd¡Ÿ&& Zm_mo godo Zm{_ gh{O g_md¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 232)OwJ Mmao Zm_w CV_w g~Xw ~rMm[aŸ&& H${b _{h Jwa_w{I CVa{g nm[aŸ&&ZmZH$ Vw{b H$Nw> Adé Z hmoBŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w nmd¡ OZw H$moBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 265)Zm_ aVZw {O{Z Jwa_w{I nmBAmŸ&& {Vgw {H$Nw> Adé Zmhr ÑgQ>mBAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 286)Zm_o CYao g{^ {OVZo bmoAŸ&& Jwa_w{I {OZm namn{V hmoBŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 3, 1129)A§V[a aVZ nXmaW {hV H$m¡ Xwa¡ Z bmb {nAmarŸ&&ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w A_mobHw$ Ow{J Ow{J A§V[a YmarŸ&&

(gma§J _. 1, 1198)ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)Zm_w Onhþ _oao gmOZ g¡ZmŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm _¡ Adé Z H$moB© dS>¡ ^m{J Jwa_w{I h[a b¡ZmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 366)dS>m dS>m h[a ^mJ H$[a nmBAmŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa_w{I Zm_w {XdmBAmŸ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 367)~§YZ Vmo‹S>¡ _wH${V hmoB gMo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&Bgw OJ _m{h Zm_w Ab w h¡ Jwa_w{I dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&ZmZH$ Omo Jwé god{h AmnUm hC {VZ ~{bhma¡ OmCŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 644){~Zw Zmd¡ H$moB Z _§ZrEo _Z_w{I n{V JdmB©Ÿ&&O_ nw[a ~mYo _m[aA{h {~aWm OZ_w JdmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426){~Zw Zmd¡ H$mo gm{W Z Mmb¡ nwÌ H$bÌ _mBAm Ymo{hAmŸ&&XyO¡ ^mB© XwIw hmoB _Z_w{I O{_ Omo{hAm OrCŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 4, 690)

Zm_ 197


n{VV nmdZw Zm_w Za{ha _§X ^mJrAm§ Zhr ^mBAmoŸ&&Vo Ja^ OmoZr JmbrA{h {OC bmoZw Ob{h JbmBAmoŸ&&

(_mbr JC‹S>r _. 4, 985)

_Z_wI Zm_w Z OmUZr {dUw Zmd¡ n{V OmBŸ&&g~X¡ gmXw Z AmBAmo bmJo XyO¡ ^mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)

{dUw Zmd¡ hmoé gbmhUm g w ~mobUw {\$H$m gmXwŸ&&_Z_wI Ah§H$mé gbmhXo hC_¡ __Vm dmXwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 4, 301)

6. _brZ _Z Ûmam Zm_ Zht {_bVm{OMé Bhþ _Zw bhar {d{M h¡ hC_¡ ~hþVw Ah§H$méŸ&&g~X¡ gmXw Z AmdB© Zm{_ Z bJ¡ {nAméŸ&&

(gma§J dma _. 3, 1247)_{Z _¡bo ^J{V Z hmodB© Zm_w Z nmBAm OmBŸ&&_Z_wIw _¡bo _¡bo _wE Omg{Z n{V JdmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 39)

5. Zm_ Ho$ Aä`mg H$m g_` A_¥V-dobm h¡PmbmKo C{R> Zm_w O{n {Z{g ~mgwam Amam{YŸ&&H$mhm© VwP¡ Z {~AmnB© ZmZH$ {_Q>¡ Cnm{YŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 255)

A§_¥V dobm gMw ZmC d{S>AmB© drMméŸ&&(OnwOr, 2)

6. Zm_ H$s AdñWm

1. ZmZH$ Ho$ Ka Ho$db Zm_ H$m CnXoe h¡Ehþ Ahoam H$sZmo XmZwŸ&& ZmZH$ H¡$ K[a Ho$db Zm_wŸ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1136)

2. Ohm± Zm_ {_bo dht OmAmoOhm± Zm_w {_b¡ Vh OmCŸ&& Jwa nagmXr H$a_ H$_mCŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 414)

3. Zm_ h_mao AÝXa aM OmVm h¡, dh gwaV Am¡a _Z H$mo ^mVm h¡, Omo `h Zm_ gwZmE dh h_mam {_Ì d gIm h¡Zm_w Onhþ Jwa_w{I naJmgmŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm _¡ Ya Zhr H$mB© Zm_w a{dAm g^ gmg {JamgmŸ&&Zm_¡ gwa{V gwZr _{Z ^mB©Ÿ&& Omo Zm_w gwZmd¡ gmo _oam _rV gImB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 4, 367)Zm{_ aVo go {Za_bo Jwa H¡$ gh{O gw mB©Ÿ&&_Zw VZw amVm a§J {gC agZm agZ agmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 32)

Zm_ a{g Omo OZ V¥nVmZoŸ&& _Z VZ Zm_{h Zm{_ g_mZoŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 286)

4. Zm_ Ho$ Aä`mgr CR>Vo-~¡R>Vo Zm_ H$m Ü`mZ H$aVo h¢D$R>V ~¡R>V gmodV Zm_Ÿ&& H$hþ ZmZH$ OZ H¡$ gX H$m_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 286)

7. Zm_ Ho$ \$b1. Zm_ XmoZm| OhmZm| _| A§J-g§J h¡, ghm`Vm H$aVm h¡, AmJo gmW MbVm h¡, Zm_ Ho$ {~Zm Am¡a H$moB© dñVw gmW OmZo dmbr Zht, Zm_ gmao amoJm| H$m EH$ hr BbmO h¡ga~ amoJ H$m ACIXw Zm_wŸ&& H${bAmU ê$n _§Jb JwU Jm_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 274)~mh[a OZoD$ {OMé Omo{V h¡ Zm{bŸ&& YmoVr {Q>H$m Zm_w g_m{bŸ&&EoW¡ AmoW¡ {Z~hr Zm{bŸ&& {dUw Zmd¡ hmo[a H$a_ Z ^m{bŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 355)agZm OnrEo EHw$ Zm_Ÿ&&B©hm gwI AmZ§Xw KZm AmJ¡ OrA H¡$ g§{J H$m_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 211){Oh _maJ Bhþ OmV AHo$bmŸ&& Vh h[a Zm_w g§{J hmoV gwhobmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)_oao _Z h[a h[a Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&Zm_w ghmB© gXm g§{J AmJ¡ bE N>S>mEŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)H$hþ ZmZH$ Omo amM¡ ZmBŸ&& h[a _mbm VmH¡$ g§{J OmBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 388){~Zw Zmd¡ H$mo gm{W Z Mmb¡ nwÌ H$bÌ _mBAm Ymo{hAmŸ&&XyO¡ ^mB XwIw hmoB _Z_w{I O{_ Omo{hAm OrCŸ&&

(YZmgar _. 4, 690)O~ bJw Omo~{Z gmgw h¡ V~ bJw Zm_w {YAmBŸ&&Mb{XAm Zm{b h[a Mbgr h[a A§Vo bE N>S>mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 82)Zm_w {_b¡ Mb¡ _¡ Zm{bŸ&& {~Zw Zmd¡ ~mYr g^ H$m{bŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 152)Zm_w BgQw> _rV gwV H$aVm _Z g§{J Vwhma¡ Mmb¡Ÿ&&H$[a godm g{VJwa AnwZo H$s Jwa Vo nmB©Eo nmb¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 213)Oh _mV {nVm gwV _rV Z ^mB©Ÿ&& _Z D$hm Zm_w Voao g§{J ghmB©Ÿ&&Oh _hm ^BAmZ XyV O_ Xb¡Ÿ&& Vh Ho$db Zm_w g§{J Voa¡ Mb¡Ÿ&&Oh _wgH$b hmod¡ A{V ^marŸ&& h[a H$mo Zm_w {IZ _m{h CYmarŸ&&{Oh n¡S>¡ _hm A§Y Jw~mamŸ&& h[a H$m Zm_w g§{J COrAmamŸ&&Ohm n§{W Voam H$mo Z {gÄmmZyŸ&& h[a H$m Zm_w Vh Zm{b nN>mZyŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

2. Zm_ `m eãX go OÝ_-OÝ_mÝVam| H$m gmo m hþAm Ord OmJ CR>Vm h¡ŸJwa nagm{X Zm_w _Zw bmJmŸ&& OZ_ OZ_ H$m gmoBAm OmJmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 1, 184)Am{n OJmE goB© OmJo Jwa H¡$ g~{X drMmarŸ&&ZmZH$ goB© _yE {O Zm_w Z MoV{h ^JV Ordo drMmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 911)

3. Zm_ Ho$ Ûmam Ord AnZo AmnH$mo nhMmZVm h¡ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&

(gwa§J dma _. 1, 1240)

4. Zm_ _| brZ hmoZo go _m{bH$ go {_bmn hmoVm h¡, dh A§J-g§J hmoVm h¡, Á`mo{V Á`mo{V _| {_b OmVr h¡Zd{Z{Y Zm_w {ZYmZw [a{Y {g{Y Vm H$s XmgrŸ&&ghO gamodé {_{bAmo nwaIw o{Q>Amo A{~ZmgrŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1397){haX¡ Zm_w dS>r d{S>AmB©Ÿ&& gXm àrV_w à w hmoB gImB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 363){OZm A§X[a Zm_w {ZYmZw h[a {VZ Ho$ H$mO X{` AmXo am{gŸ&&{VZ MyH$s _whVmOr bmoH$Z H$mo h[a à w A§Jw H$[a ~¡R>m nm{gŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 4, 305)AZ{XZw Zm_o a{VAm OmoVr Omo{V g_mBŸ&&Omo{V hÿ à w OmnXm {~Zw gVJwa ~yP Z nmBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 35)

5. Zm_ go _m{bH$ Ho$ Xa na _wI CObm hmoVm h¡, àe§gm {_bVr h¡ Am¡a Ord g~ àH$ma Ho$ ^` go a{hV hmo OmVm h¡^J{V IOmZm ^JVZ H$C XrAm ZmC h[a YZw gMw gmoBŸ&&AIwQw> Zm_w YwZ H$Xo {ZIwQ>¡ Zmhr {H$Z¡ Z H$s_{V hmoBŸ&&Zm_ Y{Z _wI CObo hmoE h[a nmBAm gMw gmoBŸ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 3, 600)Zm_o XaJh _wI COboŸ&& Zm_o gJbo Hw$b CYaoŸ&&

(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmZH$ ZmB gw{UEo _wI CObo ZmC Jwa_w{I {YAmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)

{OZr Zm_w {YAmBAm JE _gH${V Km{bŸ&&ZmZH$ Vo _wI CObo Ho$Vr Nw>Q>r Zm{bŸ&&

(OnwOr, 8)Zm_w {YAmE gmo gwIr {Vgw _wIw D$Obw hmoBŸ&&nyao Jwa Vo nmB©Eo naJQw> g^Zr bmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)Zm_¡ H$s g^ godm H$a¡ Jwa_w{I Zm_w ~wPmB©Ÿ&&Zm_hþ hr Zm_w _§ZrEo Zm_o d{S>AmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)nya¡ g{VJw[a ~yP ~wPmB©Ÿ&& {dUw Zmd¡ _wH${V {H$Z¡ Z nmB©Ÿ&&Zm_o Zm{_ {_b¡ d{S>AmB© gh{O ah¡ a§{J amVm hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1052){O{Z ZmC nmBAm gmo YZd§Vm OrCŸ&&{O{Z à w {YAmBAm gw gmo md§Vm OrCŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 217)

OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w Aam{Y Vy§ {Vgw An{‹S> H$mo Z gH$mhrŸ&&Zmd¡ H$s d{S>AmB© dS>r h¡ {ZV gdmB© M‹S>¡ M‹S>mhrŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 4, 309)g^ Vo D$M Vmar gmo m ~ZrŸ&& ZmZH$ Bh Jw{U Zm_w gwI_ZrŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 296)Zm{_ {_{bEo n{V nmB©Eo Zm{_ _§{ZEo gwIw hmoBŸ&&g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo H$a{_ {_b¡ à w gmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 233)¡ _{h a{MAmo g w g§gmamŸ&& {Vgw ^C Zmhr {Ogw Zm_w AYmamŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 192)^C {~Zg¡ A§_¥Vw ag¡ a§{J aVo {Za§H$maŸ&&XwI Xm[aX An{dÌVm Zmg{h Zm_ AYmaŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 297)Zm_o hr h_ {Za^C ÊŸ&& Zm_o AmdZ OmdZ ahoŸ&&

(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)^bmo g_mo {g_aZ H$s ~arAmŸ&& {g_aV Zm_w ¡ nm[a CVarAmŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 190)

6. Zm_ Ûmam Ord A_a VWm pñWa hmo OmVm h¡OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w AYmé Q>oH$ h¡ {~Zw Zmd¡ Adé Z H$moB OrCŸ&&OJw CnO¡ {~Zg¡ {~Z{g {~Zmg¡ b{J Jwa_w{I Ag{Wé hmoB OrCŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 4, 447)Hy$‹S>m a§Jw H$gw§ H$m {~Z{g OmE XwIw amoBŸ&&{Ogw A§X[a Zm_w àJmgw h¡ Amohþ gXm gXm {Wé hmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)

7. On, Vn Am{X gånyU© {H«$`mE± nyU© hmo OmVr h¢nw§Z XmZ On Vn OoVo g w D$n[a Zm_wŸ&&h[a h[a agZm Omo On¡ {Vgw nyaZ H$m_wŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 401)Zm_w {YAmE Vm g{VJwa ^mE Omo BN>¡ gmo \$bw nmEŸ&&ZmZH$ {Vg Xm g w {H$Nw> hmod¡ {O {dMhþ Amnw JdmEŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 754)

Zm_w {ZYmZw {YAmB©Eo _gV{H$ hmod¡ ^mJwŸ&&H$maO g{^ gdmarA{h Jwa H$s MaUr bmJwŸ&&hC_¡ amoJw «_w H$Q>rEo Z Amd¡ Zm OmJwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 47)Ya OrAao BH$ Q>oH$ Vy bm{h {~S>mZr AmgŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w {YAmB©Eo H$maOw Amd¡ am{gŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)Zm_mo {JAmZw Zm_w BgZmZm h[a Zm_w h_mao H$maO gdma¡Ÿ&&h[a Zm_mo gmo m Zm_w ~S>mB© ^CObw {~I_w Zm_w h[a Vma¡Ÿ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1302)

8. AÝXa àH$me hmoVm h¡Zm_o hr K{Q> MmZUm Zm_o gmo m nmB©Ÿ&&Zm_o hr gwIw D$nO¡ Zm_o gaUmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)

Zm_ 199


ZmB gw{UEo gw{M g§O_mo O_w Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo K{Q> MmZUm AmÝhoé Jdmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)Voam Zm_w aVZw H$a_w MmZUw gwa{V {VW¡ bmoBŸ&&A§Yoé A§Yr dmna¡ gJb brO¡ ImoBŸ&&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1327)gy{I AamYZw Xy{I AamYZw {~ga¡ Z H$mhÿ ~oamŸ&&Zm_w OnV H$mo{Q> gya COmam {~Zg¡ â_w A§YoamŸ&&

(O¡Vgar _. 5, 700)

9. {Ì^wdZ H$m ~moY hmoVm h¡Zm{_ aVo {Ì^dU gmoPr hmoBŸ&& ZmZH$ Zm{_ aVo gXm gwIw hmoBŸ&&

(am_H$br {gY JmogQ> _. 1, 941)

10. Zm_ F${Õ-{g{Õ H$m XoZo dmbm h¡Zm_w nXmaWw ZC {Z{Y {g{YŸ&& ZmZH$ Jwa Vo nmB© ~w{YŸ&&

(Amgm dma _. 5, 387)Am{n gwOmUw Z wbB© gMm dS> {H$agmUwŸ&&n{hbm YaVr gm{Y H¡$ gMw Zm_ Xo XmUwŸ&&ZC {Z{Y CnO¡ Zm_w EHw$ H$a{_ nd¡ ZrgmUwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 19)gJb nXmaW AgQ> {g{Y Zm_ _hmag _m{hŸ&&gwàg§Z Ê Ho$gdm Ho$ OZ h[aJwU Jm{hŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 203)ZmB gw{UEo g^ {g{Y h¡ [a{Y {nN>¡ Amd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo ZC {Z{Y {_b¡ _Z qM{XAm nmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)AgQ> {g{Y Zd{Z{Y EhŸ&& H$a{_ namn{V {Ogw Zm_w XohŸ&&

(~g§V _. 5, 1184)Zd {Z{Y Zm_w {ZYmZw [a{Y {g{Y Vm H$s XmgrŸ&&ghO gamodé {_{bAmo nwaIw o{Q>Amo A{~ZmgrŸ&&

(gdB©E _. 4, 1397)

11. Zm_ go ghO H$s Am¡a Mm¡Wo nX H$s àm{á hmoVr h¡, Ord _m{bH$ H$mo ñdrH$ma hmoVm h¡H$[a {H$anm {Ogw AmnZ¡ Zm{_ bmEŸ&&ZmZH$ MCWo nX _{h gmo OZw J{V nmEŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 284)ZmB gw{UEo ghOw D$nOo ghOo gwIw nmd¡Ÿ&&Jwa_{V ZmC nmB©Eo ZmZH$ JwU Jmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)g~Xw drMmar H$aUr gmar am_ Zm_w ZrgmUmoŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm ImoQ>o Zhr R>mha Zm_w aVZw nadmUmoŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 765)

12. Zm_ `_ Ho$ \$ÝXo go Nw>‹S>mVm h¡OZ_ _aUw {ZdmarEo XwIw Z O_ nw[a hmoBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw gmoB© nmE H¥$nm H$ao à w gmoBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 405)

Xrdm _oam EHw$ Zm_ XwIw {d{M nmBAm VobwŸ&&C{Z MmZ{U Amohþ gmo{IAm MyH$m O_ {gC _obwŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 358)gm dobm gmo _yaVw gm K‹S>r gmo _whVw g\$bw h¡_oar qOXw‹S>rE {OVw h[a _oam {M{V Amd¡ am_Ÿ&&OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w {YAmBAm _oar qOXw‹S>rEO_ H§$H$é Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡ am_Ÿ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m _. 4, 540)Amdhþ {_bhþ ghobrhmo _oao bmb OrC h[a h[a Zm_w AamYo am_Ÿ&&H$[a godhþ nyam g{VJwê$ _oao bmb OrC O_ H$m _maJw gmYo am_Ÿ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m _. 5, 542)MmH$arAm M§{JAmB©Am Ada {gAmUn {H$VwŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm_w g_m{b Vy§ ~Ym Nw>Q>{h {OVwŸ&&

(gyhr _. 1, 729){bIw Zm_w gmbmh {bIw {bIw A§Vw Z nmamdméŸ&&~m~m Ehþ boIm {b{I OmUwŸ&&{OW¡ boIm _§JrEo {VW¡ hmoB gMm ZrgmUwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 16)OrAmao Amoëhm Zm_ H$mŸ&&Adé {O H$aZ H$amdZmo {VZ _{h ^C h¡ Om_ H$mŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 211)ZmB gw{UEo gw{M g§O_mo O_w Zo{‹S> Z Amd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo K{Q> MmZUm AmÝhoé Jdmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)A\$[aAmo O_w _m[aAm Z OmB©Ÿ&& Jwa Ho$ g~Xo Zo{‹S> Z AmB©Ÿ&&g~Xw gwUo Vm Xyahþ ^mJ¡ _Vw _mao h[a OrC donadmhm hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1054)

13. Zm_ Ûmam Ord ^dgmJa Va OmVm h¡ VWm CgH$m Hw$b ^r Va OmVm h¡Zm_o Zm{_ H$ao drMméŸ&& Am{n Va¡ Hw$b CYaU hméŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 362)Zm_o XaJh _wI COboŸ&& Zm_o gJbo Hw$b CYaoŸ&&

(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)

14. OrZ OÝ_-_aU go a{hV hmo OmVm h¡ Am¡a dh ZaH$m| _| Zht OmVmZm_w YZw Zm_w gwI amOm Zm_w Hw$Q>§~ ghmB©Ÿ&&Zm_w g§n{V Jw[a ZmZH$ H$C XrB© Amoh _a¡ Z Amd¡ OmB©Ÿ&&

(JyOar _. 5, 497)

Z§Zm Za{H$ Za{H$ na{h Vo ZmhrŸ&& OmH¡$ _{Z _{Z Zm_w ~gmhrŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)

Zm_o hr h_ {Za^C ÊŸ&& Zm_o AmdZ OmdZ ahoŸ&&(Jm¢‹S> _. 5, 863)

A{ZH$ Omo{Z OZ_¡ _m[a Om_Ÿ&& Zm_w OnV nmd¡ {~òm_Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

J§Jm Obw Jwa Jmoq~X Zm_Ÿ&&Omo {g_a¡ {Vg H$s J{V hmod¡ nrdV ~hþ{‹S> Z Omo{Z «_m_Ÿ&&

(^¡aC _. 5, 1137)

OZ_ OZ_ H$m g§gm MyH$m aVZw Zm_w O~ nmBAmŸ&&{ÌgZm gH$b {~Zmgr _Z Vo {ZO gwI _m{h g_mBAmŸ&&

(~§gV _. 9, 1186)

OZ_ _aUw {ZdmarEo XwIw Z O_ nw[a hmoBŸ&&Zm_w {ZYmZw gmoB© nmE H¥$nm H$ao à w gmoBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 405)

Zm_w {ZYmZw {YAmB©Eo _gV{H$ hmod¡ ^mJwŸ&&H$maO g{^ H$dmarA{h Jwa H$s MaUr bmJwŸ&&hC_¡ amoJw «_w H$Q>rEo Z Amd¡ Zm OmJwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 47)

15. Ord ~§YZ Vmo‹S> H$a _wº$ hmo OmVm h¡Zm_w {ZYmZw {O{Z O{nAmo {VZ Ho$ ~§YZ H$mQ>oŸ&&H$m_ H«$moY _mBAm {~Iw __Vm Bh {~Am{Y Vo hmQ>oŸ&&

(JyOar _. 5, 496)

OwJ _m{h Zm_w Xwb§ w h¡ Jwa_w{I nmBAm OmBŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z hmodB© doIhþ H$mo {dCnmBŸ&&

(JyOar _. 3, 490)

H$b _¡ EHw$ Zm_w {H$anm {Z{Y Om{h On¡ J{V nmd¡Ÿ&&ACa Ya_ VmH¡$ g{_ Zmh[Z Bh {~{Y ~oXw ~Vmd¡Ÿ&&

(gmoa{R> _. 9, 632)

~§YZ Vmo‹S>¡ _wH${V hmoB gMo ah¡ g_mBŸ&&Bgw OJ _{h Zm_w Ab w h¡ Jwa_w{I dg¡ _{Z AmBŸ&&ZmZH$ Omo Jwé god{h AmnUm hC {VZ ~{bhma¡ OmCŸ&&

(gmoa{R> dma _. 3, 344)

Zm{_ aVo OmoJ OwJ{V ~rMméŸ&& Zm{_ aVo nmd{h _moI XwAméŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JmogQ> 941)

g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo ACYy OmoJ OwJ{V Vm hmoB©Ÿ&&H$[a ~rMmé _{Z XoIhþ ZmZH$ {~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JmogQ> 946)

gM¡ g~{X gMr n{V hmoB©Ÿ&& {~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z nmd¡ H$moB©Ÿ&&{~Zw g{VJwa H$mo ZmC Z nmE à{^ Eogr ~UV ~UmB© hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1046)

nya¡ g{VJw[a ~yP ~yPmB©Ÿ&& {dUw Zmd¡ _wH${V {H$Z¡ Z nmB©Ÿ&&Zm_o Zm{_ {_b¡ d{S>AmB© gh{O ah¡ a§{J amVm hoŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 3, 1052)

Bgw H${b OwJ _{h H$a_ Ya_w Z H$moB©Ÿ&&H${b H$m OZ_w M§S>mb H¡$ K[a hmoB©Ÿ&&ZmZH$ Zm_ {~Zm H$mo _wH${V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 161)

bmI H$amoar ~§YZw na¡Ÿ&& h[a H$m Zm_w OnV {ZgVa¡Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

16. Zm_ Ho$ {gdm` Ord Am¡a {H$gr Cnm` go Ny>Q> `m Va Zht gH$VmJ{Z {_{Z XoIXw gJb ~rMm[aŸ&& Zm_ {~Zm H$mo gH¡$ Z Vm[aŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 5, 893)hC AZ{XZw Zm_w bB© H$aVmaoŸ&& {O{Z godH$ ^JV g o {ZgVmaoŸ&&Xg AR> Mm[a doX g{^ nyN>hþ OZ ZmZH$ Zm_w N>S>mB© OrCŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 4, 998)g{^ gwI _wH${V Zm_ Yw{Z ~mUr gMw Zm_w CaYmarŸ&&Zm_ {~Zm Zhr Ny>Q>{g ZmZH$ gmMr Vé Vy VmarŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 1, 1013)

17. `moJ H$s `w{º$ {_bVr h¡ghX¡ H$m {Z~o‹S>m gw{U Vy ACYy {~Zw Zmd¡ OmoJw Z hmoB©Ÿ&&Zm_o amVo AZ{XZw _mVo Zm_¡ Vo gwIw hmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JmogQ>, 946)Zm{_ aVo OmoJ OwJ{V ~rMméŸ&& Zm{_ aVo nmd{h _moI XwAméŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JmogQ> 941)g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo ACYy OmoJ OwJ{V Vm hmoB©Ÿ&&H$[a ~rMmé _{Z XoIhþ ZmZH$ {~Zw Zmd¡ _wH${V Z hmoB©Ÿ&&


18. _Z V¥á hmo OmVm h¡Zm_w {_b¡ _Zw V¥nVrEo {~Zw Zm_¡ Y¥Jw OrdmgwŸ&&H$moB© Jwa_w{I gOUw Oo {_b¡ _¡ Xgo à w JwU VmgwŸ&&hC {Vgw {dQ>hþ MCI§ZrEo _¡ Zm_w H$ao naJmgwŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 4, 40)

19. H$m_-H«$moY, V¥îUm, __Vm Am{X hQ> OmVr h¡ Am¡a OÝ_-OÝ_mÝVam| Ho$ amoJ {_Q> OmVo h¢Zm_w ACIYw {Oh [aX¡ {hVmd¡Ÿ&& Vm{h amoJw gwnZ¡ Zhr Amd¡Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 259)Zm_w {ZYmZw {O{Z O{Z O{nAmo {VZo Ho$ ~§YZ H$mQ>oŸ&&H$m_ H«$moY _mBAm {~Iw __Vm Bh {~Am{Y Vo hmQ>oŸ&&

(JyOar _. 5, 496)Zm_w AdIYw {O{Z OZ Voa¡ nmBAmŸ&& OZ_ OZ_ H$m amoJw JdmBAmŸ&&h[a H$saVZw Jmdhþ {XZw amVr g\$b Ehm h¡ H$mar OrCŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 107)OZ_ OZ_ H$m g§gm MyH$m aVZw Zm_w O~ nmBAmŸ&&V¥gZm gH$b {~Zmgr _Z Vo {ZO gwI _m{h g_mBAmŸ&&

(~g§V _. 9, 1186)

20. Zm_ go nmn, {dH$ma Am¡a Ah§H$ma Zï> hmoVo h¢{H$b{dI g o CVa{Z ZrV ZrV JwU JmCŸ&&H$mo{Q> H$bogm D$nO{h ZmZH$ {~ga¡ ZmCŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 522)Zm_w ACIYw _mo H$C gmYw XrAmŸ&& {H$b{~I H$mQ>o {Za_bw WrAmŸ&&AZXw ^BAm {ZH$gr g^ nram gJb {~Zmgo XaXm OrCŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 101)

Zm_ 201


A{ZH$ nwZh MaZ H$aV Zhr Va¡Ÿ&& h[a H$mo Zm_w H$mo{Q> nmn naha¡Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

hC _¡bm _bw H$~hþ Z Ymod¡Ÿ&& h[a H$m Zm_ H$mo{Q> nmn Imod¡Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrEo bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)Ad[a Cnmd g{^ {VAm{JAm Xmê$ Zm_w bBAmŸ&&Vmn nmn g{^ {_Q>o amoJ grVb _Zw ^BAmŸ&&

({~bmdb _. 5, 817)

Bhþ g§gmé gJb {~H$méŸ&&Voam Zm_w Xmê$ Adé Zm g{V H$aU hmé AnméŸ&

(à^mVr _. 1, 1327)

Zm_o amVo hC_¡ OmBŸ&& Zm{_ aVo g{M aho g_mBŸ&&(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JmogQ> 741)

gmo gmYy ~¡amJr gmoB© {haX¡ Zm_w dgmEŸ&&A§V[a bm{J Z Vm_gw _ybo {dMhþ Amnw JdmEŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 29)

hC_¡ V¥gZm _m[a H¡$ gMw a{IAm CaYm[aŸ&&OJw _{h bmhm EHw$ Zm_w nmB©Eo Jwa drMm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 55)

21. Ord _m`m Ho$ {df go ~M OmVm h¡Zm_w {ZYmZw Jwa_w{I Omo OnVoŸ&& {~Iw _mBAm _{h Zm AmoB InVoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 257)

22. OÝ_ g\$b hmoVm h¡H$hþ ZmZH$ Or bmBAm Zm_Ÿ&& g\$b OZ_w VmH$m nadmZŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 257)

23. Zm_ gwI, AmZÝX Am¡a erVbVm XoZo dmbm h¡Zm_ {_{bEo n{V nmB©Eo Zm{_ _§{ZEo gwIw hmoBŸ&&g{VJwa Vo Zm_w nmB©Eo H$a{_ {_b¡ à w gmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 3, 233)

OZ_ OZ_ H$m g§gm MyH$m aVZw Zm_w O~ nmBAmŸ&&V¥gZm gH$b {~Zmgr _Z Vo {ZO gwI _m{h g_mBAmŸ&&

(~g§V _. 9, 1286)

OU{h {~aWm g^m _Z H$s hmoé {H$gw n{h AmI gwAmB©EoŸ&&{dUw Zmd¡ g w OwJ ~CamBAm Zm_w {_b¡ gwIw nmB©EoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 382)

gwI {ZYmZ Zm_w à^ Vw_am Ehþ A{~Zmgr _§Ìw brAmoŸ&&H$[a {H$anm _mo{h g{VJw[a XrZm Vmnw g§Vmnw _oam ~¡é JrAmoŸ&&

(Amgm _. 5, 382)

Zm_o hr K{Q> MmZUm Zm_o gmo m nmB©Ÿ&&Zm_o hr gwIw D$nO¡ Zm_o gaUmB©Ÿ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 426)

g^ Zmd¡ Zmo bmoMXr {Ogw H¥$nm H$ao gmo nmEŸ&&{~Zw Zmd¡ g w XwIw h¡ gwIw {Vgw {Ogw _§{Z dgmEŸ&&

(Amgm _. 3, 427)E _Z Bhþ YZw Zm_w h¡ {OVw gXm gXm gwIw hmoBŸ&&VmoQ>m _y{b Z AmdB© bmhm gXhr hmoBŸ&&

({~hmJ‹S>m dma _. 3, 555)

Zm_w Voam h¡ gmMm gXm _¡ _{Z ^mUmŸ&&XyIw JBAm gwIw AmB g_mUmŸ&&

(dS>h§gw _. 1, 566)Zm{_ aVo {Ì^dU gmoPr hmoBŸ&& ZmZH$ Zm{_ aVo gXm gwIw hmoBŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JogQ>, 941)g~X¡ H$m {Z~o‹S>m gw{U Vy ACYy {~Zw Zmd¡ OmoJw Z hmoB©Ÿ&&Zm_o amVo AZ{XZw _mVo Zm_¡ Vo gwIw hmoB©Ÿ&&

(am_H$br _. 1, {gY JmogQ>, 946)hC {VZ H¡$ ~{bhmaU¡ {OZm Zm_o bJm {nAméŸ&&goB© gwIrE Mhþ OwJr {OZm Zm_w AIwQw> AnméŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 26)_Z _oao Zm{_ aVo gwIw hmoBŸ&&Jwa_{V Zm_w gbmhrEo XyOm Adé Z H$moBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 38)Zm_w {YAmB gmo gwIr {Vgw _wIw D$Obw hmoBŸ&&nyao Jwa Vo nmB©Eo naJQw> g^Zr bmoBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)_Z _oao EH$mo Zm_w {YAmB©Ÿ&&ga~ gwIm gwI D$nO{h XaJh n¡Ym OmBŸ&

({gar amJw _. 5, 45)XyIw amoJw gmoJw {~ga¡ O~ Zm_wŸ&& gXm AZ§Xw Om h[aJwU Jm_wŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 186)agZm OnrEo EHw$ Zm_Ÿ&&B©hm gwI AmZ§Xw KZm AmJ¡ OrA H¡$ g§{J H$m_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 211)

gJb g¥g{Q> H$mo amOm XwIrAmŸ&& h[a H$m Zm_w OnV hmoB gwIrAmŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 264)

Zm_w YZw Zm_mo ê$nw a§JwŸ&& Zm_mo gwIw h[a Zm_ H$m g§JwŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 4, 286)

dS>^mJr O{nAm à w gmoBŸ&& ZmZH$ Zm{_ aVo gwIw hmoBŸ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 289)

A§_¥Vw Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ {_{b nrdhþ ^mB©Ÿ&&{Ogw {g_aV gwIw nmB©Eo g^ {VIm ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 318)V¥gZ Z ~yPr ~hþ a§J _mBAmŸ&& Zm_w b¡V ga~ gwI nmBAmŸ&&

(H$mZ‹S>m _. 5, 1298){S>R>m g w g§gmé gwIw Z Zm_ {~ZwŸ&&VZw YZw hmogr N>mé OmU¡ H$moB OZwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 322)gmMo Zm_ H$s bmJ¡ yIŸ&& CVw yI¡ ImB MbrA{h XyIŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 9)

XyIw g§Vmnw Z bJB© {Ogw h[a H$m Zm_w AYméŸ&&~mh nH${‹S> Jw[a H$m{T>Am gmoB© CV[aAm nm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 5, 44)

h[a h[a Voam Zm_w h¡ XwI _oQ>UhmamŸ&&Jwa godm Vo nmB©Eo Jwa_w{I {ZgVmamŸ&&

({Vb§J _. 4, 725)A§V[a qMVm Z¡Ur gwIr _y{b Z CVa¡ wIŸ&&ZmZH$ gMo Zm_ {~Zw {H$g¡ Z bWmo XwIwŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 319)

CR>§{XAm ~h§{XAm gd§{XAm gwIw gmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm{_ gbm{hEo _Zw VZw grVb hmoBŸ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 321)

_hm H$gQ> H$mQ>¡ {IZ ^rV[a agZm Zm_w {MVmaoŸ&&grVb gm§{V gyI h[a gaUr ObVr AJ{Z {ZdmaoŸ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 210)

Ad[a Cnmd g{~ {VAm{JAm Xmê$ Zm_w bBAmŸ&&Vmn nmn g{^ {_Q>o amoJ grVb _Zw ^BAmŸ&&

({~bmdbw _. 5, 817)

24. Zm_ g~ ^yI, V¥îUmAm| Am¡a BÀN>mAm| H$mo {_Q>m XoVm h¡gmMm Zm_w _oam AmYmamoŸ&&gmMw Zm_w AYmé _oam {O{Z wIm g{^ JdmB©AmŸ&&H$[a gm±{V gwI _{Z AmB d{gAm {O{Z BN>m g{^ nwOmB©AmŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 917)

A§_¥Vw Zm_w {ZYmZw h¡ {_{b nrdhþ ^mB©Ÿ&&{Ogw {g_aV gwIw nmB©Eo g^ {VIm ~wPmB©Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r dma _. 5, 318)

25. Zm_ _| brZ hmoZm {ZaÝVa Vn h¡Zm{_ aVo {gY Jmog{Q> hmoBŸ&& Zm{_ aVo gXm Vnw hmoBŸ&&


26. Zm_ OnZo go Ord {ZîH$f© hmo OmVm h¡daZ g{hV Omo Omno Zm_wŸ&& gmo OmoJr Ho$db {ZhH$m_wŸ&&

(^¡aC a{dXmg, 1167)

27. H$moB© {d¿Z Zht n‹S>Vmam_w a_hþ ~S>^mJrhmo O{b W{b _hrA{b gmoBŸ&&ZmZH$ Zm{_ Aam{YEo {~KZw Z bmJ¡ H$moBŸ&&

(JyOar dma _. 5, 521)

A{ZH$ {^KZ Oh AmB g§Kma¡Ÿ&& h[a H$m Zm_w VVH$mb CYma¡Ÿ&&(JC‹S>r _. 5, 234)

28. g~ _¡b CVa OmVo h¢, Ord {Z_©b hmoVm h¡A{h{Z{g Zm_w Onhþ ao àmUr _¡bo hN>o hmohrŸ&&

(_bma _. 1, 1254)

{OZr Jwa_w{I Z_w {YAmBAm {dMhþ Amnw JdmBŸ&&AmoB A§Xahþ ~mhahþ {Za_bo gMo g{M g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)Zm_w ACIYw _mo H$C gmYy XrAmŸ&& {H$b{~I H$mQ>o {Za_bw WrAmŸ&&AZXw ^BAm {ZH$gr g^ nram gJb {~Zmgo XaXm OrCŸ&&

(_mP _. 5, 101)ZmB gw{UEo Amnw ~wPrE bmhm ZmC nmd¡Ÿ&&ZmB gw{UEo nmn H$Q>rA{h {Za_b gMw nmd¡Ÿ&&

(gma§J dma _. 1, 1240)ârE hmWw n¡é VZw XohŸ&& nmUr Ym¡Vo CVagw IohŸ&&_yV nbrVr H$nSy> hmoBŸ&& Xo gm~yUw bB©Eo Amohþ YmoBŸ&&ârE _{V nmnm H¡$ g§{JŸ&& Amohþ Ymon¡ Zmd¡ H¡$ a§{JŸ&&

(OnwOr, 4)bmJr _¡bw {_Q>¡ gM ZmBŸ&& Jwanagm{X ah¡ {bd bmBŸ&&

(Amgm _. 1, 352)

29. Zm_ OnZo dmbo gM _| g_m OmVo h¢_bw Hy$‹S>r Zm{_ CVmarAZw O{n Zm_w hmoAm g{MAméŸ&&OZ ZmZH$ {OgXo E{h MbV h{h gmo OrdC XodUhméŸ&&

(am_H$br dma _. 3, 950){OZr Jwa_w{I Zm_w {YAmBAm {dMhþ Amnw JdmBŸ&&AmoB A§Xahþ ~mhahþ {Za_bo gMo g{M g_mBŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 3, 28)hC_¡ {ÌgZm _m[a H¡$ gMw a{IAm Ca Ym[aŸ&&OJw _{h bmhm EHw$ Zm_w nmB©Eo Jwa drMm[aŸ&&

({gar amJw _. 1, 55)

30. Zm_ H$m Aä`mgr gVJwé H$mo ^mVm h¡Zm_w {YAmE Vm g{VJwa ^mE Omo BN>¡ gmo \$bw nmEŸ&&ZmZH$ {VgXm g w {H$N> hmod¡ {O {dMhþ Amnw JdmEŸ&&

(gyhr _. 3, 754)

31. {OgHo$ öX` _| Zm_ h¡, dh bmIm|-H$amo‹S>m| H$m _m{bH$ h¡, g~H$m amOm h¡H$mo{Q> bmI ga~ H$mo amOm {Ogw {haX¡ Zm_w Vw_mamŸ&&OmH$C Zm_w Z XrAm _oa¡ g{VJw[a go _[a OZ_{h JmdmamŸ&&

(_mê$ _. 5, 1003)

8. Zm_ {dhrZ Ho$ Xmof

1. Zm_ {~Zm Ord _wX} Ho$ g_mZ h¡Am{n OJmE goB© OmJo Jwa H¡$ g~{X drMmarŸ&&ZmZH$ goB© _yE {O Zm_w Z MoV{h ^JV Ordo drMmarŸ&&

(am_H$br _. 3, 911)

Xwb^ Xoh nmB© dS>^mJrŸ&& Zm_w Z On{h Vo AmV_ KmVrŸ&&_[a Z Omhr {OZm {~gaV am_Ÿ&& Zm_ {~hÿZ OrdZ H$CZ H$m_Ÿ&&

(JC‹S>r _. 5, 188)

Zm_ 203

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· 120 Jwé_V {gÕmÝV-1 _m{bH$ Ho$ ^mUo (XoI| "^mUm' H$m àH$aU) go hþŠ_ CËnÝZ hmoVm h¡Ÿ& XmoZm| EH$ hr dñVw h¢, na AdñWm H$s Ñ{ï> go CZ_| ^oX h¡Ÿ& nhbo H