16-29 Magh 2069

3!^–@( df3 @)^( lxdfn va/klqsf

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!^–@( df3 @)^(, 29 Jan-11 Feb 2013

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e/kbf]{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L gx'Fbf b'O{kfª\u|] ;jf/Ln] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] b}lgsL ;xh agfPsf] 5 .

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dfgj t:s/sf] cv8fxhf/f}+ g]kfnLnfO{ ljb]z k'¥ofpg] lu/f]xsf] ;lqmotfnfO{ /fHo–;+oGqaf6} eO/x]sf] e/y]un] g]kfn cGt/f{li6«o dfgj t:s/x?sf] cv8f aGb} uPsf] b]vfpF5 .

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klxnf] k6s #) kmfu'g @)%% df kf7sdf‰ k|:t't ul/Psf] lxdfn va/klqsfsf] kflIfs :j?ksf] of] clGtd c+s xf] . lk|o kf7sx¿;Fusf] !$ jif{ nfdf] ;xofqfn] xfdLdf c‰ a9L pT;fx / lhDd]jf/L ylkPsf] 5, h;n] lxdfn va/klqsfnfO{ yk kl/dfh{g;lxt ;fKtflxs :j?kdf cfpg k|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . ;fKtflxs va/klqsf lxdfn sf] klxnf] c+s xfdL cfpFbf] & kmfu'g @)^( df k|hftGq lbj;sf lbg k]z ug]{5f}+ .

lxdfn z'¿ x'Fbf / !$ jif{ nfdf] ofqf kf/ ubf{ ;dfhdf 7"nf] ptf/r9fj cfO;s]sf] 5 . cfsf+Iff / ck]Iff klg km]l/Psf 5g\ . ;dfhdf cfPsf] of] abnfj;Fu} Psfsf/ x'g] xfd|f] k|of; xf]– ;fKtflxs va/klqsf lxdfn . t/ km]l/Psf] 5}gÙ nf]stGq, clx+;fTds /fhgLlt, :jtGq hLljsf]kfh{g, ;fd]nL /fHo–;+oGq, v'nf cy{tGq tyf sNof0fsf/L /fHo lgdf{0fsf nflu …jfr8uÚsf] xfd|f] e"ldsf / tT;DaGwL k|lta4tf .

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nf]stGqsf] kx/]bf/Lsf nflulxdfn va/klqsfsf] nIo eg]s} lgeL{s, :jtGq kqsfl/tfåf/f d'n'sdf nf]stflGqs :yfloTj / To;af6 g]kfnL ;d[l4sf] af6f] ;xh agfpg' xf] . xfdL !$ jif{b]lv lg/Gt/ oxL nIosf] ofqfdf 5f}+ . xfdLn] @)$^ kl5sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf …jfr8uÚ sf] e"ldsfaf6 dfcf]jfbL ;z:q ljb|f]x / /fHosf] k|ltlqmofnfO{ lgofNof}+ . gf/fo0flx6L xTofsf08kl5 …lgeL{sÚ kqsfl/tfsf] cy{ a'óf}+ eg] hgcfGbf]ng @)^@–^# klg xfd|f] kqsfl/tfsf] nflu sf];]9'+uf ;fljt eof] . kqsfl/tfsf] qmddf ut bzsdf xfdLn] Psflt/ ;fdflhs Gofo / klxrfgsf] dxŒj c‰} a9L a'óf}+ eg] csf]{lt/ nf]sl/ófO{+n] cFr]6]sf] /fhgLltk|lt ;ts{ x'g l;Sof}+ . xfdL Psftkm{ ;+3Lotfsf] kl/efiffsf] ax;df lqmofzLn eof}+ eg] csf{tkm{ zflGt k|lqmofkZrftsf] …8]dfuuLÚ /fhgLltaf/] kf7snfO{ ;r]t agfpg] k|of; ul//Xof}+, ljleGg ef}lts / dfgl;s r'gf}tL :jLsfb}{ .

lxdfn kflIfs hGdFbf g]kfndf b'O{÷tLg j6f 6]lnlehg Rofgn lyP, cfh w]/} 5g\ . To:t}, d'n'se/ ;of}+ /]l8of] :6]zg 5g\ / ;zQm ;fdflhs ;~hfn klg . /fli6«o / If]qLo klqsfx¿n] o; If]qnfO{ ‰g\‰g\ vFlbnf] agfpFb} 5g\ . o:tf] ldl8of …:k]S6«dÚ df lxdfn va/klqsfn] cfˆgf] of]ubfg s:tf] x'g] eGg] a]nf cfof] . cGoq kqsfl/tf lk|G6af6 …;fOa/Ú df :yfgfGt/0f x'g] qmd hf/L 5 eg] g]kfndf OG6/g]6sf] kmfObf ln+bfln+b} …lk|G6Ú nfO{ klg

c‰} ;zQm agfpg'kg]{5 . l/kf]l6{ª If]q Psbd cufl8 a9] klg ljZn]if0fdf g]kfnL kqsfl/tf c‰} sdhf]/ /x]sf] dgg ub}{ cufl8sf] af6f] klxNofpg'5 .

o:tf lgisif{x¿df s]xL dxLgfsf] dGygkl5 lxdfn ldl8ofsf] af]8{ / lxdfn va/klqsfsf] ;Dkfbs d08n lxdfn nfO{ ;fKtflxs agfpg] lg0f{odf k'Uof], clx+;|s /fhgLlt, nf]stGq, sfg"gL /fHo tyf k|lqmofut zf;gsf] /vjf/L ug{] ;'?cftL nIonfO{ tndfly x'g glbg] u/L . xfdL htfaf6 cfPsf] xf];\, h;/L k|:t't ePsf] xf];\, blIf0f jf cltjfd …8]dfuuÚ nfO{ r'gf}tL lbO/xG5f}+– nf]stGqsf] :yfloTj / zflGtåf/f d'n'ssf] cfly{s ;DefjgfnfO{ jf:tljstfdf kl/0ft ug]{ u/L . of] ;a sfo{nfO{ xfd|f rf/ k|:t'lt lxdfn va/klqsf, g]kfnL 6fOD;, lxdfnva/ 86sd / g]kfnL 6fOD; 86sd dfkm{t cufl8 a9fpg lxdfn ldl8of af]8{ tyf lxdfn ldl8ofsf Ps–Ps k]z]j/ sl6a4 5f}+ . of] Wo]osf nflu xfd|f] k"/} ;+/rgfnfO{ ultzLn agfpg] lhDd]jf/L ca lxdfn va/klqsfsf ;Dkfbs ls/0f g]kfnnfO{ ;'lDkOPsf] 5, lxdfn ldl8ofsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf ¿kdf klg .

& kmfu'gb]lv gofF cjtf/df cfpg] ;fKtflxs va/klqsf lxdfn dfkm{t xfdL nf]stGqsf] c‰ ;zQm kx/]bf/Lsf] k|0f u5f}{+ .

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lxdfnldl8of k|f=ln= sf nflu, k|sfzsM sgsdl0f bLlIft, ;DkfbsM ls/0f g]kfn ;Nnfxsf/ ;DkfbsM ab|L kf}8\ofn, k|aGw ;DkfbsM OGb| >]i7 ;x–;DkfbsM cfgGb kL /fO{, /fdhL bfxfn, ;'jf; b]jsf]6fpk–;DkfbsM wd{/fh bfxfn ljz]if ;DjfbbftfM 8Da/s[i0f >]i7, /fd]Zj/ af]x/f, ;+jfbbftfM ;Gt ufxf du/, k|eft e§/fO{,/d]z s'df/, dLgf zdf{ kmf]6f]u|fkmLM dLg/Tg ah|frfo{, snf lgb{]zsM lanfz /fO{ l8hfOgM cg'/fu clwsf/L, ;fg'afa' tfdfª

skf{]/]6 Dofg]h/M sd{ nfdf, 8fO/]S6/–skf{]/]6 Oe]G6M cg'kk|sfz dfs]{l6ªM ch'{g sfsL{, ;'/]Gb| zdf{, /fds[i0f a~hf/fskf{]/]6 u|flkmS;M k|bLk a:g]t, cfO6LM ;'j0f{ yfkf, j]adf:6/M ;f]wg dfgGw/, k|zf;g÷n]vfM hLkL d}gfnL, ljzfn s];L

ljt/0f÷u|fxs;]jfM ;Gtf]if cof{n, dgf]x/l;+x s]=;L=, ljlkg ;fx, /]e]Go'M /jLGb|dfg hf]zL, pd]z v8\sf, /fhLj aflgof, c~hgf bfxfnsfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/M clwjQmf /ljg s]=;L=, kqfrf/ 7]ufgfM kf]=a=g+= &@%!, sf7df8f}+, kmf]gM %))%^)!, %))%^)%

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5kfO{M hubDaf k|];, xfQLjg, nlntk'/, kmf]gM %@%))!&, %@%))!*, [email protected], www.nepalihimal.com

lxdfn va/klqsfb+= g= ^%÷)$%–)$^

nlntk'/

kf6L{ g]t[Tj, kf6L{leqsf lj/f]wL, dw]zL df]rf{ / ljb]zL zlQmnfO{ ysf{pFb}, ‰'SofpFb}, nf]EofpFb}, v';fdb ub}{ k|wfgdGqLdf cf;Lg

x'g ;kmn afa'/fd e§/fO{ lg/+s'ztfsf] ofqfdf nDs]sf] k|df0f xf]– kl5Nnf] b}n]v k|s/0f, To;otf cfPsf pgsf cleJolQm / /fHo ;+oGqsf] a]xfn cj:yf .

…a'H‰sLÚ e§/fO{sf kl5Nnf cleJolQmx¿af6 pgn] cfˆgf] ofqfnfO{ lgis+6s 7fg]sf] cg'dfg ug{ ufx|f] kb{}g . x'g klg, nf]stflGqs /fHosf tLg c+u– Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf / GofokflnsfdWo] b]zn] Joj:yflksf u'dfO;s]sf] 5 eg] Gofofno s/La s/La …l8kmGS6Ú eO;s]sf] 5 . @% Gofod"lt{ ePsf] ;jf{]Rr cbfnt ^ hgfdf v'lDrPsf] 5 . o;n] b]vfpF5, @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf …8S6/]6Ú k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{sf] ofqf nf]stflGqs /fHo ;~rfngsf nflu ;+;f/e/ :jLsfl/Psf] !&cf}+ ztfAbLdf k|ltkflbt k|mfG;]nL /fhgLlts bz{gzf:qL df]Gt]:So"sf] ax'rlr{t l;4fGt …;]k/]zg ckm kfj/Ú ljk/Lt ePsf] . …/fHodf Pp6f dflg; csf]{;Fu 8/fpg' gk/f];\Ú, df]Gt]:So" l;4fGtsf] r'/f] oxL xf] . t/, e§/fO{n] …/fHosf c¿ ;a}n] pgL;Fu 8/fpg'kg] { Ú l:ylt Nofpg rfx]sf] k|i6 5 . /fHo ;~rfngsf nflu cTofjZos …r]s P08 Aofn]G;Úsf c+ux¿sf] cj;fg u/fP/ cGttM /fHonfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ¿kdf sfo{kflnsfdf ;Lldt ug]{ ceLi6 k"/f x'Fb} uPsf] a'‰fOaf6 x'g'k5{, pgLaf6 o:tf cleJolQmx¿ cfPsf .

plQs} clwsf/ ePsf /fHosf tLgdWo] b'O{ c+unfO{ cfˆgf] clwsf/sf] cEof; ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf /xg glbg' g} …s'Ú xf] . To;dfly tLg c+usf] …jfr8uÚ sf ¿kdf ;Ddflgt e"ldsf v]Ng] rf}yf] c+u ldl8ofdfly cfqmd0fsf] g]t[Tj k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{n] g} lnPsf] b}n]v k|s/0fn] k'li6 ul/;s]sf] 5 .

d'n'sdf ;+j}wflgs l/Qmtf cfpg glbg] /fhgLlts dt}Son] g} xf], t/ Psn lg0f{oaf6 Joj:yflksfnfO{ Wj:t agfPsf e§/fO{af6 /fhgLlts ;xdltsf] k|of; x'g] s'/} ePg . /fhgLlt alN‰+b} hfFbf lg/+s'ztftkm{sf] cfˆgf] ofqf c‰ ;f]l‰g] pgsf] ljZjf; x'g ;S5 . pgnfO{ 6«ofsdf Nofpg ;Sg] b'O{ dxŒjk"0f{ zlQm /fi6«klt / ljkIfL bnsf k|:t'ltx¿af6 pgL c¿ xf}l;Psf] x'g'k5{ .

;+ljwfgn] …afFlwPsfÚ /fi6«klt Tolta]nf dfq k|wfgdGqLsf nflu r'gf}tL ;fljt x'g;S5g\, hlta]nf ;/sf/ dftxtsf lgsfox¿– d"ntM lghfdtL / ;]gfsf] …nf]oN6LÚ k|fKt x'G5 . t/, e§/fO{

k|wfgdGqLnfO{ /f]sg]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] rnfPsf] e|i6frf/ cleofgdf cfkm}+ 8'la;s]sf] k|zf;goGq /fi6«klt;Fu ;+jfb ug{ ;d]t g;Sg] cj:yfdf 5 . ptf ;]gf lx+;fTds ljb|f]xsfnsf dfgjtflj/f]wL ck/fwdf ;+nUg ;}lgsdfly z'¿ ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o sf/afxLaf6 olt q:t b]lvG5 ls, pm dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ g} cfˆgf] tf/0fxf/ xf]nf eGg]df ljZj:t x'g vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . afFsL /x] ljkIfL– h;sf] cfGbf]ng lt/lt/] lj/f]w eGbf dfly pSn]sf] 5}g . b}n]vdf k|s6 ePsf] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ lj?4sf] hgdtnfO{ ;d]t pgLx¿n] ;b'kof]u ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

;du|df, d'n'ssf] /fhgLlt /fhfn] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf/L clwsf/ cfkm"df lglxt u/]sf] lx+;fTds ljb|f]xsfnLg cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf]

5 . dw]zjfbLx¿ ;/sf/df 5g\ eGg] la;{g] xf] eg], clxn]sf] /fhgLlt ljb|f]xsfns} h:tf] 5– nf]stGqjfbLx¿

Psflt/, Pdfcf]jfbL csf]{lt/ . of] cj:yfdf k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{sf] lg/+s'ztf /f]Sg ;Sg] zlQm ca hgtf dfq x'g\ . hgtfn] e§/fO{nfO{ /f]Sg' eg]sf] sf]xL csf]{nfO{ ;Qf;Lg u/fpg dfq xf]Og, d'n'snfO{ bL3{sfnLg

åGåaf6 kf/ nufpg' / g]kfnnfO{ c;kmn /fi6« x'gaf6 hf]ufP/ ;Gtltsf]

eljio ;'lglZrt u/fpg' klg xf] . To;sf nflu hgtfn] ug]{ Pp6} sfd 5– e§/fO{nfO{ ;Qfaf6 cf]/fNg' . hg cu|;/tfn] dfq @)^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgf d'tfljs nf]stflGqs u0ftGq axfn ub}{ d'n'snfO{ ;d[l4tkm{ cu|;/ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

;Qfaf6 e§/fO{sf] jlxu{dg Pdfcf]jfbLsf nflu ;d]t eljio ;'lglZrt ug]{ /Iffsjr x'g]5 olb nf]stflGqs /fhgLlt p;sf] eljio xf] eg] . lsgeg] Pdfcf]jfbLn] /fhgLlt ul//x]sf] e"v08df 1fg / ljj]s pTklQsf] ;lbof}+ k'/fgf] Oltxf; 5 . d'n'ssf] cfw'lgs /fhgLlts ofqfdf ;d]t ;f9] ;ft bzsb]lv rNb} cfPsf] gful/s cfGbf]ngn] nf]stGqsf] h/fnfO{ ;dfhsf] leqL tx;Dd k'¥ofPsf] 5 . sfg"gL zf;g, ljlw;Ddt /fHo;+oGq, JolQmut :jtGqtf, dfgjclwsf/, k|]; :jtGqtf h:tf nf]stGqsf] h/faf6 g]kfnL ;dfhdf 1fg–ljj]ssf] lj:tf/ eO;s]sf] 5 . /, 1fg–ljj]s lj:tf/ ePsf] ;dfhsf gful/sx¿ lg/+s'ztf /f]Sg Hofgsf] afhL yfKg tof/ x'G5g\ . lgs6 ljutdf klg ToxL ePsf] 5 .

lznfz /fO{


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‘‘ ‘‘v;x¿ klxn] a'4 wd{af6 k|efljtlyP eGg] s'/f w]/}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . di6f]

k/Dk/f clt g} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . dtjfnL IfqL g} hg} nufP/ If]qL ePsf] k|i6 b]lvG5 .

– cf/ /fO{

af}l4s OdfGbf/Llxdfn -!–!% df3_ df k|sflzt 8f= /d]z 9'+u]nåf/f lnlvt …e]l6Pg v;fg, h8fgÚ zLif{ssf] vf]h ;fdu|L lgs} k7gLo nfUof] . v;x¿ klxn] a'4 wd{af6 k|efljt lyP eGg] s'/f w]/}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . di6f] k/Dk/f clt g} dxŒjk"0f{ 5 . dtjfnL If]qL g} hg} nufP/ If]qL ePsf] k|i6 b]lvG5 . 8f= 9'+u]nsf] n]v v; aGw'x¿n] dfq} xf]Og ;a} g]kfnLn] k9]/ dgg ug'{k5{ . n]vsn] b]vfpg'ePsf] af}l4s OdfGbf/Lsf nflu wGojfb .

cf/ /fO{lxdfnva/af6

af]n sf+u|];–Pdfn]lxdfn -!–!% df3_ df k|sflzt …k|wfgdGqLsf] ‰'6Ú /

…Pdfcf]jfbLsf] eoÚ zLif{ssf] ;dfrf/ ;fdu|L k9]+ . t/ crDdnfUbf] s'/f s] eg] g]kfnL sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf g]tfx¿ of] 36gfdf lsg s]xL af]ln/x]sf 5}gg\ < ls pgLx¿ c‰} klg ;]gfs} ;dy{gdf ;Qfdf k'Ug] ;kgf b]lv/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] uDeL/ ljifodf klg df}g a:g' kSs} /fd|f] ;+s]t xf]Og .

6Lsf/fd kf]v/]n lxdfnva/af6

/fxt kfPgf}+ lxdfn -!–!% df3_ df k|sflzt …kLl8tsf gfddf v]njf8Ú zLif{ssf] ;dfrf/ dg 5'g] 5 . lhpFbf dfG5] klg dfl/Psf eg]/ ;/sf/L 9's'6Laf6 /fxt nu]sf] d}n] klg b]v]sf] 5' . åGåsfndf d]/f] efOnfO{ a]kQf kfl/Psf]

lyof] . Tolta]nf /fxt jf Ifltk"lt{ geO{ 6f]sg dgL eg]/ ?=! nfv ;/sf/af6 xfdLn] kfPsf] klg xf] . t/ a]kQf kl/jf/nfO{ ;/sf/n] lbg] elgPsf] ?=# nfv cfh;Dd kfPsf 5}gf}+ . /fHo / ljb|f]xL b'j} kIfaf6 kLl8tn] ;;Ddfg Gofo / /fxt kfpg'k5{ . hgtfsf] kIfdf n8]sf] elgPsf] Pdfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/af6 klg /fxt gkfpg] xf] eg] s;n] /fxt b]nf <

clDasf zdf{ bf]nvf

ufpFnfO{ ljsf; b]pmlxdfn -!–!% df3_ sf] clGtd kfgfdf k|sflzt …;/sf/ rflxof]Ú zLif{ssf] ;fdu|L 3tnfUbf] 5 . u|fdL0f e]ssf hgtfn] yfxf kfpg] u/L ;/sf/sf] pkl:ylt gx'g' eg]s} ;/sf/ ljxLgtfsf] cj:yf ;[hgf x'g' xf] . sf7df8f}+ / lhNnf

pNn]v ul/P h:t} df]xg j}B g]t[Tjsf] g]skf–dfcf]jfbL …hgo'4Ú jf hgljb|f]xsf] gfddf h+undf uof] eg] klg hgtfsf] ;fy kfpF5

;b/d'sfddf ljsf;sf s'/f u/]/ dfq hgtfn] ;'v kfpFb}gg\ . b'u{dj:tLsf hgtfn] kl/jt{g ePsf] yfxf kfpFb}gg\ eg] k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{n] d':tfª uf8L r9] klg s]xL cy{ x'Fb}g .

?b| yfkfxlb{of, ?kGb]xL

rflx+b}g o'4lxdfn -!–!% df3_ df k|sflzt …km/s b]lvg] 56k6LÚ zLif{ssf] l/kf]6{df

h:tf] nfUb}g . dfcf]jfbLåf/f ;+rflnt bzs nfdf] ;z:q åGåaf6 hgtf cflht eO;s]sf 5g\ . ;z:q åGåsf qmddf ePsf] dfgjLo Iflt / ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] lx;fa} ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf 5 . cfkmGt u'dfPsf / 3fOt]sf Joyf cfˆgf] 7fpFdf 5Fb}5 . of] cj:yfdf j}B ;d"xsf] dfcf]jfbL o'4df hfg] s'g} ;+efjgf b]lv+b}g .

/f]lxt If]qL sn+sL, sf7df8f}+

g]tfsf] uf]6L gag lxdfn -!–!% df3_ df k|sflzt …afws dfcf]jfbLÚ zLif{ssf] 6«]8 o'lgog;DaGwL l/kf]6{ k9]kl5 dfcf]jfbLn] dhb"/sf nflu geO{ kf6L{ /fhgLltsf nflu ;+u7g u/fPsf] :ki6 x'G5 . bnsf g]tfx¿n] dhb"/nfO{ cfˆgf] :jfy{sf] uf]6L agfpFbf /x]5g\ eGg] l/kf]6{ k9]kl5 a'́ g ;lsG5 . cfˆgf] xsclwsf/sf nflu >d u/]/ vfg]x¿ Psh'6 x'g} kb{5 . t/ cfkm" lgs6sf g]tfnfO{ r'gfjL vr{ p7fpg] dfWod dhb"/x¿ aGg' x'Fb}g . s'g} pBf]u aGb x'Fbf g]tfx¿nfO{ c;/ gknf{ t/ sfd u/]/ vfg]sf 5f]/f5f]/L ef]s} x'G5g\ .

/fdl;+ :ofªtfgx]6f}+8f

8 lxdfn va/klqsf !^–@( df3 @)^(

Oltxf;bLks cof{n

eujfgsf] …k'gh{GdÚ

k|l;4 ef/tLo k]G6/ /lj jdf{ -lj=;+= !()%–!(^#_ n] …lxGb" eujfgÚsf] k]lG6ª gu/]sf] eP jf tL k]lG6ªx¿ d'lb|t,

k'gd{‘lb|t x'Fb} lk|lG6ª pBf]usf] e/kbf]{ cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf ef/tLo ahf/dfkm{t g]kfn gl5/]sf] eP g]kfnleqsf …/}yfg] eujfgx¿Úsf ¿k s:tf x'Gy] xf]nfg\ < jf :yfgLo ¿k–/ª, cfs[lt, j:q jf b[Zo ‰Nsg] …g]kfnL eujfgÚ / xfn k|rlnt …eujfgÚx¿sf] kmf]6f]df s] ;dfgtf jf leÌtf /xGYof] xf]nf < oL sfNklgs k|Zgn] xfd|f] k"hfsf]7fdf k'lh+b} cfPsf lxGb" b]jb]jL s;/L, sxfF, s'g p2]Zoaf6 hlGdP/ g]kfnLsf 3/–3/;Dd cfOk'u] eÌ] k|Zgsf] pQ/ vf]Hg ;3fpF5 .

lxGb" wdf{jnDaLx¿n] d"lt{ jf s]xL xb;Dd lrqsf] ¿kdf b]v]sf eujfgsf ¿kx¿ /lj jdf{sf] k]lG6ªnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ lnyf]u|fkmL k|];sf dfWodåf/f lj=;+= !(%) sf] bzsdf PSsf;L zx/–ahf/df b]vf kg{ yfNbf ce"tk"j{ k|ltlqmof hGdfPsf] lyof] . cIf/sf ¿kdf dfq k9]sf jf a'‰]sf eujfgx¿ kmf]6f]sf ¿kdf k|s6 eP/ vf; If]q, ju{, ;Dk|bfo / hftsf] rª\u'n aflx/ cfd hgtfsf] 3/–3/df a:g / k'lhg yfn] . o;/L kmf]6f]dfkm{t eujfgsf] k'gh{Gd eof] / ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj / pr–gLr x6fpFb} …eujfgÚ cfd hgtfsf] k"hfsf]7Ldf /xg yfn] . z'¿df jdf{sf] k]lG6ªn] ;f+:s[lts ¿kdf ;De|fGt 7flgPsf / dWod juL{o hgtfnfO{ dfq pT;flxt agfP klg lj=;+= !(%) df aDaO{df :yflkt /lj jdf{ kmfOg cf6{ lnyf]u|flkms k|];sf dfWodåf/f Jofkfl/s b[li6sf]0fn] eujfgsf kmf]6f]]x¿sf] d]sflgsn pTkfbg, laqmL / ljt/0f ug{ yfn]kl5 o;sf] nf]slk|otf XjfQ} a9\of] / o;n] cfˆgf] 5'§} ahf/ agfof] .

/lj jdf{sf] k|];df 5flkPsf wfld{s tyf cGo kmf]6f]x¿ blIf0f Plzofdf dfq xf]Og o'/f]k / clk|msflt/ klg k|l;4 eP, /fd|};Fu k};f sdfpg yfNof] . To;kl5 pgsf lrqx¿sf] gSsn / laqmLn] Jofkstf kfof], /lj pbo, /lj j}ej h:tf k|];x¿sf] hGd eof] . jdf{s} snfsf] gSsn ub}{ km/s–km/s eujfgsf nfvf}+ k|lt kmf]6f]x¿sf] pTkfbg, laqmL–ljt/0f / pkef]u ePÙ h;dWo] nIdL / ;/:jtLsf kmf]6f]x¿ ;aeGbf nf]slk|o eP . oL lrqx¿ olt k|rlnt / cfd dflg;n] ckgfpg] vfnsf] eof]

ls logs} k]lG6ªsf cfwf/df lxGbL l;g]df / 6LeL l;l/onsf …eujfgÚ, 8«];, klxrfg / b[Zox¿sf] vf]hL yflnof] .

laqmL ljt/0fsf nflu o:tf kmf]6f]x¿ slxn]b]lv g]kfn lelqP eÌ] s'/fsf] lj:t[t cWoog ePsf] 5}g . g]kfnL lxGb" wfld{s k':tsx¿df o:tf kmf]6f]x¿ k|z:t k|of]u ePsf 5g\ . klxnf]k6s d'lb|t x'Fbf nfOg 6f]g Ans jf xfNkm6f]g Anssf] k|of]u u/L syfj:t' a'‰fpg] jf eujfgx¿ lrgfpg] ul/P klg ;f]xL k':tssf] kl5Nnf] ;+:s/0fdf o:t} kmf]6f]x¿n] 7fpF kfpg yfNof] . 7"nf] kl/df0fdf k|sflzt x'g] b]jL–b]jtfsf t:jL/x¿ ;:tf x'Gy] To;}n] k':ts jf syfsf nflu cfjZos 7flgPsf wfld{s lrq jf t:jL/x¿ ;lhn} k|of]u x'Gy] . snsQf, aDaO{, agf/; / cln kl5 uf]/vk'/df tof/ kfl/Psf o:tf t:jL/x¿n] g]kfnL efiffsf k':tssf] zf]ef a9fpFy] .

ahf/df e]l6Psf eujfgsf t:jL/nfO{ syfsf] dfu cg';f/ k':tsleq /fVbf km/s–km/s 7fpFdf pTkflbt jf km/s JolQmx¿n] agfPsf t:jL/x¿ Pp6} k':tsleq kg]{ uy]{ . pbfx/0fsf nflu g]kfnleq k|sflzt sf]dngfy clwsf/Låf/f cg"lbt >Ldb\efujt uLtf -lj=;+= !(()_, s]bf/gfy pkfWofosf] >Ldb\efujt uLtf -lj=;+=!(*&_, s[i0f rl/q -@^cf}+ ;+:s/0f, lj=;+=!(**_ / efg'eQmsf] /fdfo0f -&#cf}+ ;+:s/0f, lj=;+=@)!@_ df k|of]u ePsf t:jL/x¿ s'g} snsQfdf lk|lG6ª ePsf 5g\ eg] s'g} PnPd zdf{sf], s'g} b]jgf/fo0f jdf{sf] / s'g} uLtf k|]; uf]/vk'/sf] 5 .

g]kfnleq k|];sf] l9nf] k|j]z, 7"nf] ahf/sf] cefj jf nfutdf sdL Nofpg g;s]s} sf/0f …g]kfnL eujfgÚx¿n] 5flkg] / k|rlnt x'g] df}s} kfPgg\ . clxn] t gfuk~rdLdf /}yfg] tj/n] agfOg] / 6fFl;g] gfusf cfs[ltx¿nfO{ ;:tf], cfslif{t, /ËLg / cg]sf}+ syfdf cfwfl/t gfux¿n] lj:yflkt ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . d]sflgsn df; k|f]8S;gsf] k|efjn] eujfgsf o:tf ¿kx¿ olt ;:tf] / k|rlnt eOlbof] ls ca 6fondf klg eujfgx¿ b]vf kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ / kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] jf lb;f–lk;fa ug]{ 7fpFdf ;d]t o:t} eujfgsf] k|of]u u/]/ zx/ ;kmf /fVg] rng a9]sf] 5 .

/lj jdf{n] lj=;+= !(%# df agfPsf] ;/:jtLsf] / s]bf/gfy pkfWofosf] >Ldb\efujt uLtf -lj=;+=!(*&_ df k|of]u ePsf] b]jgf/fo0f jdf{sf] t:jL/ .

lrqsf/ tyf sf6'{lgi6 ;'jf; /fO{n] lxdfn sf nflu g]kfnL cfs[ltdf @)%& ;fndf agfPsf] dxfb]j–kfj{tL / nIdLsf] lrq .


jif{ cl3faf6

!)lxdfn 8fo/L

!^–@( df3 @)%(

tTsfnLg >L % sf] ;/sf/n] !$ df3 @)%( df /]8sg{/ gf]l6;, 6fpsfsf] d"No / cft+ssf/L 3f]if0ff lkmtf{ lnP/ jftf{sf] cfXjfg u/]kl5 dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd u¥of] . 7Ls !) jif{cl3sf] of] j]nf h+undf a;]/ ;+;bLo Joj:yf lj?4 jftf{sf] sf8{ kmfNb} zx/df lx+;f dRrfO/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL clxn] g]kfnsf] ;Qf ;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5, åGåsfndf cfkm"n] u/]sf h3Go ck/fwx¿ n'sfpg /fHozlQm kl/rfng ub}{ . nf]stGqdf ljZjf; ug]{ g]kfnLn] eg] dflg;nfO{ lhpFb} k'g'{ hlt ck/fw xf], To:tf ck/fwdf ;+nUgx¿nfO{ sfg"gL bfo/fdf gNofP/ kLl8tnfO{ yk ljbL0f{ agfpg' Tof]eGbf 7"nf] ck/fw xf] eg]/ afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;~rflnt dfcf]jfbL ;/sf/nfO{ ;D‰fpg ;+3if{ ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 .

of] kIf

! df3M ;/sf/sf] cfnf]rgf u/]sf] ;fdu|L k|;f/0f u/]nuQ} Od]h Rofgnsf] k|;f/0fdf cj/f]w .

@ df3M l;/xfsf] Ps O{+6fe§fdf aGws agfO{ sfddf nufOPsf @! Affnaflnsf;lxt ^$ ef/tLo dhb"/sf] p2f/ .

@ df3M b}n]vsf kqsf/ 8]s]Gb|/fh yfkfsf] xTofdf ;+nUg cleo'Qmdflysf] cg';Gwfg g/f]Sg ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf] cfb]z . cleo'Qmx¿sf] jofg /f ]Sg dxfGofoflwjQmfn] k7fPsf] kq u}/sfg"gL 7x/ .

@ df3M kfFr jif{sf nflu df]xg j}BnfO{ k'gM cWoIf rog ub}{ g]skf–dfcf]jfbLsf] dxflwj]zg ;DkGg . pkfWoIf ;LkL uh'/]n, dxf;lrjdf /fdaxfb'/ yfkf, ;lrjåodf b]j u'?ª / g]qljqmd rGb rog .

@ df3M /fi6«klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjåf/f Dofb gtf]sL cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #* -!_ adf]lhd ;xdtLo ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug{ cfXjfg . ;xdtLo ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf nflu * d+;L/otf gf} k6s Dofb lbOPsf] lyof] .

$ df3M åGåsfnsf 36gfdf cfddfkmL ;lxtsf] ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u cdfGo ePsf] eGb} o'/f]k]nL ;+3åf/f sf7df8f}+df lj1lKt hf/L . ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;+oGq u7gdf cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08 k"/f gul/P ;xof]u /f]Sg] r]tfjgL .

% df3M cbfntsf] cjx]ngf d'2fdf

;jf]{Rråf/f k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{ / dxfGofoflwjQmf d'lQm k|wfgnfO{ ;z/L/ pkl:yt eP/ aofg lbg cfb]z .

* df3M wflbªsf] Hofd?ª esf/]df a; b'3{6gf x'Fbf kfFr hgfsf] d[To', %) 3fOt] .

!) df3M b}n]vdf ;Qfwf/L Pdfcf]jfbL / ljkIfL bnx¿aLr ‰8k, s/La b'O{ bh{g 3fOt] . k|x/Låf/f xjfO{ kmfo/ . ljkIfL bnsf sfo{stf{nfO{ uf]nL xfGg cfb]z glbPsf] eGb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L pd]zs'df/ 9sfn, lhNnf k|x/L k|d'v zf/bfk|;fb rf}w/L;lxt k|x/L lg/LIfsåo OGb| ;'j]bL / ls/0f Gof}kfg]sf] ;?jf .

!! df3M ;Qf?9 Pdfcf]jfbL g]tf sfo{stf{Aff6 Hofg lng] wDsL cfPkl5 b}n]vsf @@ kqsf/ lhNnfaf6 lj:yflkt .

kf6g :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgsf] l;g]6 a}7såf/f pks'nklt 8f= ;+uLtf e08f/L avf{:t .

!@ df3M dlxnf lx+;f lj?4 afn'jf6f/df zflGtk"0f{ wgf{df a;]sf kqsf/;lxt @% clwsf/sdL{ lu/ˆtf/ .

!# df3M Pdfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g eQmk'/ k'u]sf k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ sfnf] ‰08f b]vfPsf] eGb} k|x/Låf/f nf7Lrfh{, !% hgf 3fOt] .

kqsf/sf] xTof/f hf]ufpg vf]h]sf] lj/f]wdf k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{ ;xefuL Pdfcf]jfbL /f}tx6 lhNnf ;Dd]ng :yfgLo ;~rf/sdL{åf/f alxisf/ .

cs'kfO{ afn'jf6f/ cGtu{t !@ df3df k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/ cufl8 k|bz{gsf ;xefuL .

dLg/Tg ah|frfo{


gofF ljsNksf ?kdf d klg k|wfgdGqL x'g tof/ 5' .

k'iksdn bfxfncWoIf, Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsflGtk'/ b}lgs, * df3 @)^(

k|wfgdGqL agfpg] eg]/ dnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ‰f'SofPsf] geO{ pgLx¿ cfkm}+ unt ;fljt ePsf x'g\ . pgLx¿sf] c;nL ?k v'Nof] .

;'zLn sf]O/fnf;efklt, g]kfnL sf+u|];sflGtk'/ b}lgs, * df3 @)^(

eg]sf] ;'g]sf]

k6s]s]bf/ zdf{

‘‘‘‘

‘‘‘‘

;r]t x'g] s'/f] sfFs8le§f eG;f/sf] 9f6 5]paf6 k"j{ nfu]sf] Pp6f o'jsnfO{ ;z:q k|x/Lsf hjfgn] n6\7Ln] xfGbf p;sf] 6fpsf]sf] af]/f e'O{+df ‰/]/ ;8sel/ ;'kf/L 5l/of] . ;'kf/L g]kfnaf6 ef/t lgsf;L ug{ k|ltalGwt j:t' xf] . o;df kfl/sf eG;f/ / k|x/Ln] plt 6fpsf] b'vfPsf] b]lv+b}g, t/ xfd|fx¿ bx|} u/L nfu]sf /x]5g\ .

d"n ;8saf6 lbpF;} To;/L ;'kf/L cf];fbf{ lgoGq0fsf nflu a;]sfx¿nfO{ /L; p7\of], o'jsnfO{ k6fk6 lk6\g yfn], lgs} lk6] . ef]lnkN6 Pp6L dlxnfn] klg eG;f/df k|x/Lsf] s'6fO vfPsf] b]lvof] . xfdL 5Ss k ¥of}+ . g]kfnsf] s'g} klg sfg"gdf s;}nfO{ s'6]/} 7Ls kfg]{ Joj:yf gePsfn] ltgLx¿nfO{ sfg"g cg';f/ sf/afxL u/]sf] eP x'GYof] h:tf] nfUof] . t/ xfdL af]n]gf}+ . b]zsf k|wfgdGqL g} sfg"gsf] lvNnL p8fpg nfluk/]sf a]nf eG;f/df a;]sf k|x/L hjfgx¿af6 s] ck]Iff ug"{ <

of] xf];\ jf Tof], ;/sf/x¿ gful/snfO{ ck/fwL agfpg] sfddf sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf 5g\ . oxfF …;/sf/Ú eg]/ /fhgLltsf gfddf ;a s'/f ug{] g]tfu0f, /fi6«;]jfsf gfddf ;ayf]s Eofpg] sd{rf/LtGq / ;'/Iffsf gfddf h] klg rnfpg] ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ elgPsf] xf] . w]/}eGbf w]/} gful/s u}/sfg"gL sfddf d'l5Pkl5 cfˆgf] kfk cf}+Nofpg] sf]xL x'Fb}g eg]/ To;f] ul/Psf] xf] h:tf] nfU5 .

g]kfnaf6 u}/–sfg"gL ¿kdf ef/t lgsf;L eO/x]sf lrhdWo] ;'kf/L Pp6f xf] . ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5, g]kfnnfO{ grflxg] jf rflxg]eGbf a9L ;'kf/L cfoft ug{ lbPsf] g} ef/t lgsf;L ug{nfO{ xf] . ef/tn] gk7fOb]pm eg]sf] lrh cGtaf6 NofO{–NofO{ lgsf;L ubf{ cfˆg} 8n/ u'Dof], cfˆg} gful/s ck/fwL eP clg g]kfnd} pTkflbt clnslt ;'kf/Lsf] ;'/lIft ahf/ klg u'Dof] . ljb]zL ;'kf/L cfoft u/]/ cfˆgf] ;'kf/L glaSg] agfOlbg] JolStx¿nfO{ vf]hLvf]hL

sf/afxL ug{'kg]{ xf]Og < g]kfnL cb'jfn] g} ahf/ gkfPsf a]nf ltAataf6 cb'jf Nofpg s;n] / lsg lbof] eGg] s'/fsf] vf]hL ug{'k5{ ls kb}{g < /fd|f] sfddf afx|–laËf nufpFb} otf / ptf b]vfpg] ;/sf/L xflsdx¿ o:tf] s'/fdf lsg df}g a:5g\ < ef]ln cb'jfsf] lgsf;L klg k|ltalGwt eof] eg] …ljZjsf] kfFrf}+Ú cb'jf pTkfbs d'n'ssf] cj:yf s] x'G5 <

jL/u~h jf cGo gfsfx¿af6 /StrGbg lelqG5, yfgsf]6df slxNo} ;dflt+b}g . ef/tLo k|x/Ln] klg g]kfn lelq+b} u/]sf] /StrGbg jf ;Lx;{ -;Lx;{ eg]sf] ;Lx;{ g} xf] ;d'b|L 3f]8f xf]Og_ ptf ;dfPsf] ;dfrf/ cfpFb}g . o;/L sf7df8f}+ l5rf]Ng] To:tf j:t'x¿sf] s]xL kl/df0f pQ/L ;Ldflt/ dfq a/fdb x'G5g\ . pQ/ ;lhnf] 5}g t/ cg'dfg} ug{ g;lsg] u/L ufx|f] klg 5}g .

otf xfdL u'6\vf pBf]udf cfTdlge{/ dfq x}g, ;DejtM ;+;f/d} cAan eO;s]sf 5f}+ . :jf:YonfO{ a]kmfObf u/] klg, /fh:j vf;} gp7] klg u'6\vf af]Sg xfdLsxfF rf6{8{ xjfOhxfhx¿ cfpF5g\ . b'O{ gDa/L pBf]u–Jofkf/ xf] eGg] hfGbfhfGb} ef/tn] k|ltaGw nufPsf] kl/df0fsf] pTkfbg cfkm"sxfF ug{ lbG5f}+ . t/, p;n] jf c¿ s;}n] xfd|f] :t/af/] s]xL eGof] eg] w'dwfd jStJoafhL ul/lbG5f}+ . xfdL cfˆgf] OHht hfg] sfd cfkm}+ u5f}{+ / g]kfnLsf] OHht g/x]sf]df /fFlsG5f}+ klg . ;/sf/ g} cfˆgf gful/sx¿nfO{ b'O{gDa/L sfd ug{ ;lhnf] agfOlbG5 / d'n'sdf e|i6frf/ a9]sf] u'gf;f] u5{ . g]tfx¿ v/fa 5g\, sfd} gnfUg] 5g\ t/ ltgLx¿ eG;f/df a;]sf 5}gg\ Û k}7f/L gLlt agfpg] / sfof{Gjog ug{] klg ltgLx¿ xf]Ogg\ .

s'/f gful/sx¿nfO{ ck/fwL agfpg] bL3{sfnLg if8oGqsf] xf] . xfdLn] s'g} axfgfdf cfkm" Tof] if8oGqsf] cË geOof];\ eGg] k|oTg ug{] xf] . ;r]t x'g] s'/f] eg]sf] oxL t xf]nf lg Û


…pGglt k"jf{wf/n] xf]Og, dfgj;+;fwgn] u5{Ú

kfFr k|Zg

%%,@^,(&) g]kfndf s'n OG6/g]6 k|of]ustf{sf]

;ª\Vof . of] s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] @)=*^ k|ltzt xf] . o;dWo]

%!,@$,*%& n] df]afOnaf6 OG6/g]6 rnfpF5g\ .

c+s / cy{

dfgj ;+;fwgsf] dxŒj a'‰fpg lqmofzLn ;+:yf …u|f]y ;]n/Ún] x/]s jif{ ljb]zL lj1 l‰sfP/ g]kfndf dfgj ;+;fwg ;Dd]ng -Prcf/ ld6_ cfof]hgf ul//x]sf] 5 . ;+:yfsf cWoIf tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs df]xg cf]‰f eG5g\, æo;af6 hgzlQmsf] /fd|f] Joj:yfkgn] dfq pGglt NofpF5 eGg] ;r]tgf a9]sf] 5 .Æ

…x]nf] ;/sf/Údfph'/L 36\of]

…Prcf/ ld6Úx¿sf] k|ltkmn s] 5 < 5}6f}+ …Prcf/ ld6Ú df cfOk'Ubf g]kfnL

;+:yfx¿df dfgj ;+;fwgsf] dxŒj a9]sf] 5 . ;g\ @))* df oxfF #) j6f hlt sDkgLdf dfgj ;+;fwg ljefu lyP, clxn] #)) a9L sDkgLn] ljefu vf]n]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfsf] pGglt k"jf{wf/n] xf]Og, hgzlQmsf sf/0f x'G5 eGg] 1fg a9]sf] 5 .

dfgj ;+;fwgsf] dxŒj s] xf] t < k|efjsf/L sfo{;Dkfbg / k|ltkmnsf

nflu dfgj ;+;fwgsf] dxŒj 5 . g]kfndf 6«]8 o'lgogsf g]tfx¿nfO{ dfgj ;+;fwgsf] dxŒj a'‰fpg g;lsPs} sf/0f pBf]ux¿df r/d /fhgLlts/0f ePsf] xf ] . gLlt lgdf{tfx¿n] o;sf] dxŒj ga'´bf af}l4s / zf/Ll/s >d ug]{ g]kfnLx¿ ljb]z knfog ePsf 5g\ .

dfgj ;+;fwg ljefu u7g ul/Psf] ;+:yfdf :jtGqtfk"j{s sfd ug{ lbOPsf] xf]nf <

:jtGq ¿kdf sfd ug{ glbPsf ;+:yfsf] k|ltkmndf c;/ b]lvPsf] 5 .

;/sf/L If]qdf dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgsf] cEof; s:tf] 5 <

;/sf/L If]qdf t o;sf] cEof;} z'¿ ePsf] 5}g . dfgj ;+;fwg dGqfno u7g

ug]{ s'/f klg ;]nfPsf] 5 . To;}n] xf], ;/sf/L If]qk|lt ;]jfu|fxLsf] u'gf;f] w]/} ePsf] . ;/sf/L ;+:yf / lghL k|lti7fgx¿sf] k|ltkmnsf] t'ngf u/]/ x]bf{ klg of] s'/f 5n{Ë x'G5 .

g]kfndf JolQmsf] ?lr x]/]/ sfd lbg] cEof; 5 <

sf];Fu s] Ifdtf 5 / p;nfO{ s] sfd lbg] eGg] lgwf{/0f gul/+bf;Dd ;+:yfn] pGglt ug{ ;Sb}g . g]kfndf Psflt/ 7"nf] ;+Vofdf o'jf a]/f]huf/ 5g\ eg] csf{lt/ ;+:yfx¿n] vf]h]sf] h:tf] hgzlQm e]6]sf 5}gg\ . w]/}h;f] ;+:yfn] hgzlQmnfO{ ;DklQ g7fgL sfdnfO{ dfq dxŒj lbPsf 5g\ . tflnd / ;]jf ;'ljwfnfO{ dxŒj lbOPsf] 5}g . a]n'sf t/sf/L s;/L lsGg] eg]/ lrlGtt hgzlQmn] s;/L /fd|f] k|ltkmn lbg ;S5 <

æhgu'gf;f] ;'g]/ Jojxf/ ;'wfg{Ú afa'/fd e§/fO{ g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] !& sflQs @)^* b]lv z'¿ u/]sf] …x]nf] ;/sf/Ú df kmf]g ug]{sf] ;+Vof lgs} 36]sf] 5 . b}lgs tLg ;o;Dd u'gf;f] cfpg] u/]sf]df clxn] Ps ;o xf/fxf/L dfq cfpF5g\ . …x]nf] ;/sf/Ú df k/]sf ph'/Lsf] km5\of]{6 b/ klg ;Gtf]ifhgs b]lv+b}g . sflQs @)^*–^( sf] cjlwdf k/]sf !& xhf/ &#$ ph'/LdWo] ( xhf/ @#$ km5\of]{6 eP eg] uPsf] d+;L/df k/]sf &^* ph'/LdWo] #!$ j6f dfq} km5\of]{6 ePsf 5g\ .

k |zf;gljb \ 8f=dw' lglw ltjf/L hgtfsf ;d:ofsf] ;Daf]wg gePsfn] o;sf] dxŒj / ljZj;gLotf 36]sf] atfpF5g\ . k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf ;lrj s[i0fxl/ af:sf]6fn] …/fhgLlts sf/0fn] dfqÚ nf]slk|otf 36]sf] x'g;Sg] atfP . x]Nnf] ;/sf/df Ps ;x;lrj;lxt !& hgf sd{rf/L v6fOPsf] 5 .

x]nf] ;/sf/sf] lgb{ ]lzsfdf x/]s dGqfnon] &% k|ltzt u'gf;f / ph'/Lsf] km5\of]{6 ug}{ kg{] Joj:yf 5 . t/, !% j6f ;/sf/L sfof{non] &% k|ltzteGbf sd u'gf;f / ph'/L km5\of]{6 u/]sf 5g\ eg] kfFr dGqfnon] ;'g'jfO g} u/]sf 5}gg\ . ph'/L km5\of]{6 gug{] clwsf/LnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg] afx]s s'g} sf/afxL gx'g' klg nf]slk|otf sd x'g'sf] Pp6f sf/0f x'g ;S5 .

;/sf/rflx + ph'/L / u'gf;fsf cfwf/df k|zf;g ;+oGqsf ;d:of ;Daf]wg ug{ gLltut ;'wf/ ;d]t yfn]sf] atfpF5 . ;lrj af:sf]6fsf cg';f/, To;sf nflu agfOPsf] !(* a' Fb ] zf;sLo ;'wf/ sfo{qmddf ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;d:of kfg{ ] sd{rf/Laf6} Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] Joj:yf 5 . To:tf] Joj:yf cWofudg, gfkL, dfnkf]t, j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu / oftfoft Joj:yf ljefusf nflu ul/Psf] pgsf] egfO 5 .

uf]ljGb n'OF6]n, sf7df8f}+


vf8Ldfkm'/]sf] h'lQm a9L sdfOsf nflu g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;]s]08 n]lˆ6g]G6 hflu/ 5f8]/ stf/ k'u]sf lg/h af]u6L -@*_ n] lgdf{0f ;fdu|L a]Rg] sDkgLdf lgs} b'Mv kfP . o;aLrdf pgn] afx} | df; kfgL nfUg] v]t, 3fF;–k/fnsf] kf}nf] / ce/df ;fy lbg xd];f tDtof/ /xg] l5d]sLsf] dxŒj klg /fd|};Fu a'‰] . æhxfhn] cf];f/]sf] 3fF;af6 rn]sf] ufO{ kmfd{ b]v]kl5 eg] d]/f] duhsf] lasf]{ /fd|};Fu v'Nof]Æ, lg/h ;D‰G5g\ .

o;/L ufpF kmls{Pkl5 pgn] l5d]sL bfh' /lj g]kfn;Fu ufO{ kfNg] s'/f ubf{ dtf] ldNg uof] . b'j}sf] u/]/ kfFr la3f hldg 5Fb}lyof], pgLx¿n] k};fsf] hf]/hfd u/]/ ef/tsf] xl/of0ffaf6 pGgt hftsf rf/ j6f ufO{ NofOxfn] . cfhsf] lbgdf pgLx¿sf] kmfd{df Ps k6sdf tLg kfyL b"w lbg] n}gf, as]gf{ / Aofpg] u/L %) ufO{ 5g\ . @% j6f t af5faf5L g} 5g\ .

sfnLsf]6 lhNnf ;b/d'sfd dfGddf a; k'u]sf] kfFr jif{ eof], t/ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf] a]jf:tfn] clxn];Dd a;kfs{ aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fF3'/f] ;8sdf a; /fVg gldNg] eP klg rfnsx¿ csf]{ uf8L kf; x'g;Sg] 7fpF e]6\of] ls ToxL+ kfs{ ul/xfN5g\ . æk;n cufl8 a; g/fv, k;n 5]lsof] eGb} k;n]x¿ s/fpF5g\Æ, sfnLsf]6l:yt dWoklZrd oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldltsf ;xOGrfh{ u+uf xdfn eG5g\, æcGoq /fVg] 7fpF 5}g, xfdLn] s] ug]{ <Æ

;fF3'/f] af6f]df hxfF kfof] ToxL+ uf8L /flvlb+bf cfjthfjtdf ;d:of ePsf] ahf/jf;Lsf] u'gf;f] 5 . a;jfnfx¿n] 9f]sfd} ;6fP/ uf8L /fv]/ x}/fg kf/]sf] atfpg] xf]6n Joj;foL hgs zfxLn] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / ufpF ljsf; ;ldltn] oltsf jif{;Dd a;kfs{ lgdf{0fdf rf;f] g/fv]sf]df lbSbf/L k|s6 u/] . dfGd uflj;sf ;lrj k|]daxfb'/ zfxL ah]6 gePs} sf/0f a;kfs{ gag]sf] atfpF5g\ . a;kfs{sf] nflu vr{ ug]{ lgb]{lzsf klg gePsf] pgn] atfP .

ev{/} :yfkgf ePsf] dfGd gu/ ljsf; ;ldltn] ltv]9'Ëfdf a;kfs{ agfpg] of]hgf agfPsf] 5, t/ pm;Fu klg ah]6 5}g . ;ldltsf cWoIf wgk|;fb kf08] a;kfs{sf nflu z'¿d} ?=$) nfv rflxg] atfpF5g\ .

tLnf e08f/L, ;'v]{t

af5Lx¿ ?=@% xhf/ uf]6f xftfxftL laS5g\, t/ ;o j6f ufO{ k'¥ofpg rfxg] lg/h / /ljn] af5L a]r]sf 5}gg\ .

g]kfnsf] k"jL{ gfsf sfFs8le§faf6 ^ lsnf]ld6/ pQ/sf] u|fe]n ;8ssf] bflxg] lsgf/df afF;sf] 3]/faf/f leq pgLx¿sf] kmfd{ /ldt} nfUbf] 5 . kmfd{df 3fF; sf6\g, ufO{ b'x'g / ;/;kmfO{ ug{ !$ hgfn] /f]huf/L kfPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] Go"gtd dfl;s tna ?=* xhf/ 5 . kmfd{sf] Ps5]pdf rf/ xhf/ s'v'/f nufOPsf] vf]/ 5 eg] csf{]

5]pdf a+u'/ kfNg l7Ss kfl/Psf] vf]/ . lg/h eG5g\, æoxL df3sf] clGtd ;ftf %) j6f a+u'/sf kf7f xfNb}5f}+ .Æ

of] kmfd{df b}lgs ;f9] rf/;o ln6/ b"w / sDtLdf @@ ;o c08f pTkfbg eO/x]sf] 5 . dxLgfdf #) xhf/ ?k}ofFsf] t dn dfq laqmL x'G5 . ;a} vr{ s6fP/ b}lgs ;/b/ ?=!) xhf/ v'b gfkmf ul//x]sf lg/h / /ljn] h'lQm;Fu} hfFu/ rnfpFbf kmlnkmfk ePsf] atfP .

uf]kfn u8tf}nf, ‰fkf

a;kfs{ gx'Fbf ;f:tL


kmf]6f]–P;]

;'b"/klZrdsf] df3]jiff{ / lxdkft nuQ} ^ df3df wgu9Laf6 a‰fª lx+l8of] . a}t8Lsf] vf]8\k]b]lv g}

cufl8sf] ofqf ;xh gx'g] ;+s]t kfO;lsPsf] lyof] . s;}n] ¿v 9n]/ ;8s aGb 5 eg] t s;}n] klx/f] / lxpFsf sf/0f . s'/f] !%–@) lsnf]ld6/ k/sf] eP klg olsg hfgsf/L s;}nfO{ lyPg . 6«s b'3{6gfsf] va/ kfP/ uPsf] k|x/L Eofg klg kmls{;s]sf] lyPg . s]xL lbgb]lv lah'nL gcfPsf]n] vf]8\k] ahf/jf;Lsf kmf]g rfh{ x'g kfPsf lyPgg\ .

;fdfGo cj/f]w xf]nf, k|x/L klg uPsf] 5 v'lnxfN5 eg]/ xfd|f] uf8L cufl8 a9\of] . To;dfly ;b/d'sfd r}gk'/lt/af6 8f]h/ cfPsf] elgPkl5 ‰g\ 9'Ss eOof] . e~Hofªb]lv g} ;8ssf] bfofF–afofF lxpFsf y'k|fy'k|L b]lvg yfn] . h]gt]g plSn+b} hfFbf vf]8\k]–r}gk'/ hok[YjL /fhdfu{sf] df]tLgu/ -a}t8L_ b]lv laTy8 -a‰fª_ ;Ddsf] s/La @) lsld v08df b'O{–tLg kmL6 lxpF hd]sf] /x]5 . oqf] cj/f]w tTsfn kG5fpg s;n] ;Sg' Û

8f]h/ klg cfPs} /x]g5 . rf/ ut] a]n'sL hxfF k'Uof] lxpFn] ToxL+ /f]lsPsf bh{gf+} uf8L st} 8f]h/ t st} k|x/L, oftfoftsdL{ / :yfgLosf] kfFr lbgsf] k|of; kl5 dfq cufl8 a9]sf lyP .

cfn]v÷t:jL/M ab|L kf}8\ofn

lxpFsf] /fHolxpFsf] /fHovf]8\k]–r}gk'/ ;8s . ofq'x¿sf ;fd' lx+8]/} lxpFsf] hF3f/ kf/ ug'{sf] ljsNk lyPg -tn_ . a}t8Llt/af6 uPsf w]/} uf8L /f]lsPsf] 7fpF afhkfgL -bfofF_ .



l/kf]6{ lghfdtL ;]jf

lnP -x]= t:jL/_ . g]kfn gful/stf P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf @! sf] # df …s;}n] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] ‰'6f] jf lst]{ k|df0fkq v8f u/]df jf agfO{ k|rngdf NofPdf To:tf] sfo{ ug]{, u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd s}b jf ?=@) xhf/b]lv ?=! nfv;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]Ú Joj:yf 5 .

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u P]g, @)$* n] ;fj{hlgs kbsf] b'?kof]u ug]{x¿sf nflu yk ;hfosf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ‰fn] k|lhc kbsf] b'?kof]u u/L hGdldlt km]/]sfn] of] P]g klg cfslif{t x'g] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L, lstfavfgfdf /x]sf] l;6/f]ndf ‰'6f] ljj/0f eg]{nfO{ lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( df gl;xt lbg]b]lv eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6 x6fpg jf avf{:t ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 . ‰fnfO{ of] P]g klg nfU5 .

‰fsf] d]lzg l/8]jn kf;kf]6{ -Pdcf/kL_ sf] hGdldlt klg lstfavfgfsf] l;6/f]n;Fu ldNb}g . @@ ;fpg @)^( df lnPsf] ))%*&@@ gDa/sf] Pdcf/kLdf kl5 lnPsf] gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlkdf ePs} hGdldlt @^ k'; @)!& 5 -x]=t:jL/_ . o;/L /fxbfgLdf ‰'6f] ljj/0f /fVg' cWofudg P]gsf] pNn+3g xf] . cWofudg P]g @)$( sf] bkmf !) df …s;}n] cfˆgf] gfd, pd]/, /fli6«otf jf cGo s'/f 9fF6], ‰'6f] ljj/0f lbP/ /fxbfgL k|of]u

u/]÷u/fPdf ?=%) xhf/ hl/jfgf jf kfFr jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]Ú Joj:yf 5 .

af/fsf] xlb{ofl:yt g]kfn /fli6«o lgdfljdf !* c;f]h @)#$ df k|flj txsf] :yfoL lzIfs lgo'Qm ePsf ‰fn] cWoog labf glnO{ SofDk; k9]sf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . t/, k|of]ufTds sIffdf ;d]t ;xefuL x'g'kg]{ ePsfn] lj1fg ;+sfodf To;/L k9\g ;Dej x'Fb}g -x]=aS;_ . k'/fgf] pd]/ cg';f/ ‰f @^ k'; @)&# ;Dd dfq} lghfdtL ;]jfdf /xg kfpF5g\ . ;RofOPsf] hGdldltaf6 eg] pgL b'O{ jif{ a9L @^ k'; @)&% ;Dd hflu/] x'g kfpg] 5g\ . ;lrj aGg / lghfdtL ;]jfaf6 lgj[Q ePkl5 ;+j}wflgs lgo'lQm kfpg pgn] of] k|k~r u/]sf] hfgsf/x¿sf] a'‰fO 5 . pgLx¿sf] egfOdf, ‰fn] JolQmut j[lQ–ljsf;sf nflu xfn;Dd s;}n] cfF6 gu/]sf] lst]{sf] sLlt{dfg /fv]sf 5g\ .

sf/afxL gx'g'sf] sf/0fk|ltlglw;ef /fHo Joj:yf ;ldltcGtu{tsf] k|df0fkq 5fglag pk;ldltn] ‰fsf] k|df0fkq 5fglag ug{ % k'; @)%* d} ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . ‰fn] g]kfndf hflu/ vfO/x]s} a]nf ef/tsf ljleGg SofDk;sf gSsnL k|df0fkq k]z u/]sf] x'g;Sg] pk;ldltsf] cfz+sf lyof] . sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifsf] c:yfoL kl/ro kq g+= ()))(& df lgoldt ;~rosf]if

kmhL { k|zf;sgfu]Gb| ‰fn] k;f{sf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L

x'Fbf !( kmfu'g @)^^ df cfˆgf] gful/stfdf hGdldlt km]/]sf] ph'/L u[x dGqfno, clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u / e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnob]lv /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb| / k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{no cGtu{tsf] x]nf] ;/sf/;Dd k¥of] . t/, ‰f clxn] gfkL ljefusf dxflgb{]zs 5g\ . u[x dGqfnosf] cfGtl/s Joj:yf dxfzfvfsf k|d'v ef]nfk|;fb lzjfsf]6L eG5g\, ædxflgb]{zs ‰fsf] lghfdtL lstfavfgfdf ePsf] l;6/f]n, z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq, /fxbfgL / gful/stfdf km/s–km/s hGdldlt kfOPsf] ;fFrf] xf] .Æ

lst]{df sLlt{dfg ‰fn] @) d+;L/ @)#$ df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no ;nf{xLaf6 lnPsf] )^#^))^* gDa/sf] gful/stfdf hGdldlt @^ k'; @)!% 5 . * j}zfv @)$% df g]kfn OlGhlgol/ª ;]jf, ;e]{ ;d"xcGtu{t /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] ;e]{Ifs kbdf lgo'Qm x'Fbf lghfdtL lstfavfgfdf a'‰fPsf] l;6/f]n -lxdfn ;Fu ;'/lIft 5_ / laxf/ ljBfno k/LIff ;ldltn] lbPsf] k|j]lzsf k/LIff pQL0f{ pgsf] k|df0fkqdf ToxL hGdldlt 5 . t/ k;f{df sfo{/t /xFbf pgn] hGdldlt @^ k'; @)!& agfP/ gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk

@)## df laxf/ k/LIff ;ldlt, ef/taf6 P;=Pn=;L= pQL0f{ . !* c;f]h @)#$ b]lv af/f lhNnf, cf}/}of xlb{of uflj;l:yt g]=/f=lgdfljdf k|fylds txsf] lzIfs kbdf :yfoL lgo'Qm . pQm kbdf xflh/ x'Fb} ! kmfu'g @)#$ df laxf/, ef/taf6 cfO{=P= pQL0f{ ePsf] k|df0fkq k]z .

emfsf lst]{ sfd

pQm cjlwd} sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifsf] c:yfoL kl/ro kq g+= ()))(& df lgoldt ;~rosf]if s§L afktsf] /sd hDdf . !* c;f]h @)#$ b]lv @)$! kmfu'g;Dd s'g} klg nfdf] labf -cWoog labf, c;fwf/0f labf_ glnPsf] . ToxLaLr @)#( ;fndf ;Ltfd9L laxf/sf] /3'gfy sn]haf6 cfO{=P:;L= pQL0f{ .


hDdf eO/x]s} a]nf ‰f ;Ltfd9Ll:yt /3'gfy sn]h / b/e+ufsf] nlntgf/fo0f ldlynf ljZjljBfnodf lgoldt ljBfyL{ /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ef/tdf k/LIff lbPsf] elgPsf] ldltd} sf7df8f}+sf] gofFafg]Zj/l:yt gfkL dxfzfvfdf pgn] xflh/ u/]sf] k|df0f klg 5 . t/, ;/sf/n] pk;ldltsf] lgb{]zg kfngf u/]g .

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u P]gdf …cg';Gwfgsf] 3]/fdf /x]sf] JolQmn] s'g} k|df0f nf]k jf gfz ug{ jf cg';Gwfgdf afwf k'¥ofpg ;Sg] ePsfn] sfg"g adf]lhd y'gfdf /fv]/ cg';Gwfg ug{ ;lsg] tyf To; cjlwe/ ;fj{hlgs kbaf6 :jtM lgnlDat x'g]Ú elgPsf] 5 . t/, ‰fn] lst]{ u/]/ gful/stf lnPsfn] 5fglag x'g'kg{] dfu ub}{ !^ k'; @)^( df clVtof/df d'2f k/] klg pgnfO{ y'gfdf /fVg' t 6f9fsf] s'/f lgnDag;Dd ul/Psf] 5}g . cfof]usf k|jQmf s[i0fk|;fb 9'+ufgf ‰flj?4 d'2f bfo/ ePsf] cfkm"nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] atfpF5g\ . hals, d'2f btf{ gDa/ !)*!& xf] .

/fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb|sf k|jQmf s[i0fk|;fb kf}8]n / e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfnosf ;x;lrj s[i0faxfb'/ /fptn] ‰flj?4 d'2f btf{ ePsf] hfgsf/L gePsf] atfP . u[x dGqfnosf] cfGtl/s Joj:yf dxfzfvfsf k|d'v lzjfsf]6Ln] eg] ‰fsf] ljifodf dGqfnon] cg';Gwfg k|lqmof cufl8 a9fP klg ;nf{xL

cfkm}+ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L x'Fbf cfkm\gf] gful/stfsf] hGdldlt km]/]sf gfu]Gb| ‰ffn] cg]s sfuhft lst]{ u/]sf] k|df0fx¿ km]nf k/] klg pgL sf/afxLsf] ;f6f] k'/:s[t x'g] efUodfgLdf bl/Psf 5g\ .

;Gt ufxf du/

nfdf] cjlwsf] labf glnO{ ef}lts zf:q, /;fog zf:qsf] lgoldt k|of]ufTds cWoog u/L -cfO{=P:;L_ sf] k|df0fkq lnPsf] . cfO{=P:;Lsf] k|df0fkq -gSsnL_ sf cfwf/df r}t @)$! df gfkL tflnd s]Gb| sf7df8f}+df h'lgo/ gfkL tflnddf 5gf]6 eP/ @)$@ r}tdf tflnd pQL0f{ . k'; @)$# b]lv /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fL c:yfoL ;j]{Ifs / j}zfv @)$% df

dLg/Tg ah|frfo{

/fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fL -k|f=_ sDKo''6/ ck/]6/ kbdf :yfoL lgo'Qm . ?s'd lhNnfdf sfo{/t /xFb} nfdf] labf glnO{ nlntgf/fo0f ldlynf ljZjljBfno b/e+ufaf6 lj1fg ljifodf aL=P:;L -gSsnL_ k|df0fkq lng ;kmn . j}zfv—h]7 @)$( df ef/tdf aL=P:;Lsf] k/LIff ;+rfng

eO/xFbf ‰ff ?s'dsf] cdf{ uflj;sf] lgjf{rgdf ;xfos dtbfg clws[t lyP .

@ b]lv $ c;f/ @)$( ;Dd -;g\ !((@ h"g !^ b]lv !* ;Dd_ ‰ff l;lgo/ gfkL tflnd lng gfkL tflnd s]Gb| dLgejg sf7df8f}+df sfhdf xflh/ lyP eg] pgn] k]z u/]sf] aLP:;Lsf] k|df0fkqdf pgL tL lbgdf ef/tsf] dw'jgLdf k|of]ufTds k/LIffdf klg ;xefuL lyP . aL=P:;L -gSsnL_ k|df0f–kq / @)%) sf] l;lgo/ tflndsf] k|df0fkqsf cfwf/df @)%@ ;fndf gfkL clws[t kbdf lgo'Qm .

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf clen]v gx'Fbf sf/afxL ug{ g;lsPsf] bfaL u/] . u[xdGqfno ;|f]t eg] :jo+ k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{n] sf/afxL k|lqmof /f]s]sf] atfof] . dw]zjfbL bnsf …Kof/f]Ú dflgg] ‰f kl5Nnf] ;do Pdfcf]jfbL /

k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{;Fu klg TolQs} lgs6 5g\ . e§/fO{;Fu glhlsgs} nflu ‰fn] ljZj lxGb" o'jf ;+3sf k;f{ cWoIf sfzLgfy ltjf/Lsf] xTofsf cf/f]kL tTsfnLg e"ld;'wf/ dGqL k |e ' ;fxnfO { hf]ufpg @)$* s f l Q s d f ltjf/L kTgL a l a t f n f O { ?=* nfv 3'; lbPsf lyP .


l/kf]6{ nf]8;]l8ª

/d]z s'df/

# \̂g]jfnf %}g g]kfndf kof{Kt ljB't\ pTkfbg eof] g} eg] klg k|;f/0f nfOgx¿sf] cefjdf nf]8;]l8ª sfod} /xg] b]lvG5 .

$)) s]eL k|;f/0f nfOg@@) s]eL k|;f/0f nfOg!#@ s]eL k|;f/0f nfOg^^ s]eL k|;f/0f nfOg

hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf

lghL If]qsf] hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf

l8hn÷dlN6km\o'n KnfG6

lgdf{0ffwLgxfnsf]

gS;f ;|f]tM g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f

b}lgs !$ 306f nf]8;]l8ª x'g'sf] sf/0f kof{Kt ljB't\ pTkfbg gx'g' dfq xf]Og .

k|;f/0f nfOgsf] Ifdtf clxn] h:t} /xg] xf] eg] kof{Kt ljB't\ pTkfbg eP klg nf]8;]l8ª ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'g] a? a9\g] lj1x¿ atfpF5g\ . :jtGq pmhf{ pTkfbsx¿sf] ;+:yf -Okfg_ sf cWoIf ;'j0f{bf; >]i7sf cg';f/ cfufdL kfFr jif{leq} @))) d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg eP klg To;sf nflu rflxg] k|;f/0f nfOg aGg] ;Defjgf g/x]sfn] s]xL 7fpFdf ljB't\ vkt geO{ v]/ hfg]5 eg] c¿ 7fpFdf dfu;Fu} nf]8;]l8ª a9\g]5 . >]i7 eG5g\, ælgdf{0ffwLg / k|:tfljt k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0fsf] ultn] oxL b]vfpF5 .Æ

pTkflbt ljB't\ rflxPsf] 7fpFdf ljt/0f ug{ /fli6«o k|;f/0f nfOg rflxG5 . ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0fsf] bL3{sfnLg of]hgf agfPs} klg xf], t/ of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] ult olt ;':t 5 ls o;n] b]zsf] s'g}



$%^ d]ufjf6sf] tfdfsf]zLaf6 pTkfbg x'g] ljB't\n] klg k|;f/0f nfOg gePs} sf/0f d'n'ssf] nf]8;]l8ª 36fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg g;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 . oL cfof]hgfsf ljB't\ sf7df8f}+ Nofpg $)) s]eLsf] tfdfsf]zL–sf7df8f}+ k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0fsf] of]hgf ag] klg sfd z'¿ ePsf] 5}g . !$$ d]ufjf6sf] sfnLu08sL …PÚ, &) d]ufjf6sf] dWod:of{ª\bL / ^( d]ufjf6sf] d:of{ª\bL cfof]hgfaf6 pTkflbt ljB't\ k"j{ k'¥ofpg] !#@ s]eLsf k|;f/0f nfOgdf ef/ yKg gldNg] ePsf]n] oL kl/of]hgfdf jiff{ofddf pTkfbg g} s6f}tL ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 . klZrdL If]qdf s/La #)) d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg eP klg k"j{ n}hfg] k|;f/0f nfOgx¿sf] Ifdtf clwstd !@) d]ufjf6 dfq 5 . cfpFbf] jiff{ofdd} s/La $) d]ufjf6;Dd ljB't\ pTkfbg s6f}tL ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

k|flws/0fn] xfn;Dd ;fgf–7"nf u/L ;f9] !^ ;o d]ufjf6sf cfof]hgf;Fu ljB't\ v/Lb ;D‰f}tf -kLkLP_ u/]sf] 5 . kLkLP ;lsPsf / lgdf{0f r/0fdf /x]sf oLdWo] clwsf+z cfof]hgfaf6 ;g\ @)!& sf] cGTo;Dddf ljB't\ pTkfbg eP klg To;a]nf;Dd k|;f/0f nfOg aGg g;Sbf d'n'sn] tL cfof]hgfaf6 kmfObf kfpg ;Sg] 5}g . k|;f/0f nfOg gag]/ ljB't\ ljt/0f x'g g;Sbf k|flws/0fn] pTkfbsnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ ;d]t ltg'{kg]{5 . b]zsf] Ps s'gfsf] ljB't\ csf]{ s'gfdf k'¥ofpg $)) s]eLeGbf 7"nf] k|;f/0f nfOg rflxg] x'gfn] dfu a9L ePs} If]qdf ljB't\ pTkfbg ug{'

efudf lah'nL pTkfbg eof] eg] klg csf]{ efu cFWof/f]df a:g'kg]{ l:ylt ;'wfg]{ 5fF6sfF6 b]vfPsf] 5}g . k|flws/0fsf] ;+:yfut of]hgf ljefusf lgb]{zs ;'/]Gb| /fhe08f/L cfly{s jif{ @)^&÷^* df tLg jif{leq ;Sg] u/L ;j:6]zg / k|;f/0f nfOgsf Ps bh{geGbf a9L cfof]hgf z'¿ ePsf] atfpF5g\ . t/, clxn];Dd To;dWo] Pp6f ;j:6]zg lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . afFsL cfof]hgfsf] sfd ;':t / lg/fzfhgs 5 .

lg/fzfhgs cj:yf@@) lsnf]ef]N6 -s]eL_sf] lvDtL—9Ns]j/ k|;f/0f nfOg sfd yfn]sf] !) jif{df klg ;lsPsf] 5}g . &% lsnf]ld6/ nDafOsf] of] cfof]hgf k"/f x'g g;Sg'df l;Gw'nLjf;Lsf] cj/f]wn] sfd u/]sf] atfOG5 . @@) s]eLs} &@ lsnf]ld6/ nDafOsf] x]6f}+8f–e/tk'/, &% lsnf]ld6/sf] e/tk'/–ab{3f6 k|;f/0f nfOgsf] lgdf{0f cj:yf klg lvDtL—9Ns]j/sf] eGbf leGg 5}g . x]6f}+8f–e/tk'/ b'O{ jif{cl3 g} alg;Sg'kYof{] eg] e/tk'/—ab{3f6 k|;f/0f nfOg casf] b'O{ dxLgfdf ;Sg] nIo 5, t/ of] hUuf d'cfAhf / jgsf] ljjfbd} clN‰Psf] 5 .

o;}u/L, !#@ s]eLsf yfgsf]6–rfkfufpF -%& lsdL_, rd]lnof–cQl/of -!@( lsdL_ nfdf];fF3'–l;+u6L -$) lsdL_, 8'd|]–bdf}nL–

d:of{ª\bL -%^ lsdL_, sfj]nL–bds -!*) lsld_ k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0fsf] sfd tf]lsPsf] cjlwdf ;lsg] u/L cl3 a9]sf] 5}g . x]6f}+8f—ab{3f6 / bds—sfj]nLdf nIo cg';f/ sfd gxF'bf ljZj AofÍsf] s/La ?=^ ca{ #) s/f]8 lkmtf{ uO;s]sf] 5 . ljZj AofÍn] ;ft / PlzofnL ljsf; AofÍn] cf7 j6f k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0f cfof]hgfdf nufgL u/]sf 5g\ .

ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] oL afx]s $)) s]eLsf kfFr, @@) s]eLsf *, !#@ s]eLsf !% j6f k|;f/0f nfOg / $$ ;j:6]zg agfpg k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . t/, lgdf{0ffwLg cfof]hgfx¿sf] ult x]bf{ vfsf g} alnof] algg;s]sf] k|:tfljt cfof]hgfx¿k|lt cfzf hfUb}g . c¿ t c¿ k|flws/0fsf] k|fljlws dxfzfvfsf 8]k'6L Dofg]h/ uug dfgGw/ g} lgdf{0ffwLg / k|:tfljt s'g} klg cfof]hgf tf]lsPsf] ;dodf k"/f x'g]df ljZj:t 5}gg\ . dfgGw/ eG5g\, æPsflt/ pTkflbt ljB't\ v]/ hfg] / csf{lt/ nf]8;]l8ª sfod /xg] cj:yf 5 g} eGg'k5{ .Æ

otfsf] ot} ptfsf] pt} s]xL dxLgfcl3 !) d]ufjf6sf] l;lk|ª vf]nf cfof]hgfaf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg eP klg /fli6«o k|;f/0f nfOgdf hf]8\g g;s]kl5 tfdfsf]zL hnljB't\ cfof]hgftkm{ nluof] . ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] bf]nvfsf] l;+u6Ldf ;j:6];g agfpg g;Sbf of] cfof]hgfsf] ljB't\ /fli6«o k|;f/0f nfOgdf ;d]l6Pg . &% k|ltzt sfd ;lsPsf] @@ d]ufjf6sf] dfOvf]nf /

sf7df8f}+

lanfz /fO{


pko'Qm tl/sf x'g ;SYof] . Tof] cj:yfdf @@) s]eL k|;f/0f nfOgn] g} wfGg] lyof] . t/, ljB't\ pTkfbg cfof]hgf :jLs[lt lbg] ljB't\ ljsf; ljefun] of] kIfdf Vofn u/]sf] b]lv+b}g .

pmhf{ dGqfnosf k|jQmf >L/~hg nfsf}n ljB't\ cfof]hgf ePsf If]qnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ d]rL sl/8/, sf]zL sl/8/, ;f]n' sl/8/, tfdfsf]zL dflyNnf] sl/8/, lqz"nL sl/8/, d:of{ª\bL sl/8/, sfnLu08sL sl/8/, dWokxf8L sl/8/ lgdf{0f ug{] of]hgf /x]sf] atfpF5g\ . o; cg';f/, k|flws/0fn] $)) s]eLsf !**), @@) s]eLsf !!@( / !#@ s]eLsf !%$) u/L yk $%$( lsld k|;f/0f nfOgsf] k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . hnljB't\ cfof]hgf k|j4{sx¿n] k|:tfljt k|;f/0f nfOgx¿nfO{ x]/]/} kLkLP klg u/] . t/, /sd cefj, jftfj/0fLo cg'dlt lng l9nfO, hUuf clwu|x0f / k|flKt nufotsf sf/0f kl/of]hgfx¿ cGof]ndf kbf{ hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf k|j4{sx¿ klg lg/fz 5g\ .

cGt/b]zLo k|;f/0f nfOg aGg g;Sg' csf{] ;d:of ag]sf] 5 . o:tf] k|;f/0f nfOg gx'Fbf ef/tn] lbg] ljB't\ Nofpg g;lsPsf] pmhf{ dGqfnosf k|jQmf nfsf}n atfpF5g\ . pgsf cg';f/, ef/t;Fu 7"nf] kl/df0fsf] lah'nL n]gb]g ug{ $)) s]eLsf] 9Ns]j/–d'hˆkm/k'/ k|;f/0f nfOg aGg'k5{ . of] k|;f/0f nfOg gag];Dd g]kfnn] ef/taf6 ljB't\ Nofpg t ;Sg] 5}g g}, jiff{ofddf a9L ePsf] ljB't\ p;nfO{ laqmL ug{ klg ;Sg] 5}g . s/La ?=% ca{ nfut cg'dfg ul/Psf] !@)) d]ufjf6 ljB't\ jxg Ifdtfsf] of] k|;f/0f nfOg g]kfndf $) lsld / ef/tdf !)) lsld k5{ .

ljt/0fdf klg ;d:ofclxn] g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf @% nfv

cfd"n k'g;{+/rgf gug]{ xf] eg] ljB't\ eP klg pkef]Qmfn] dfu] hlt kfpg] 5}gg\ . æTo;}n], ljB't\ ljt/0fsf nflu k|flws/0fn] tf/ / 6«fG;ld6/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5Æ, ef6 eG5g\ .

ljB't\sf] dfu a9\b} hfFbf clxn]sf tf/ / 6«fG;ld6/n] ljB't\ k|;f/ ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . ljB't\sf] dfu a9\g] ;do laxfg a]n'sf 6«fG;ld6/df cf]e/nf]8 eP/ ô'h hfg] ;d:of 5Fb}5 . clxn]s} tf/ / 6«fG;ld6/n] b]zleq kof{Kt ljB't\ pTkfbg x'Fbf ljB't\af6} vfgf ksfpg] tyf cf}Bf]lus k|of]hgdf a9L ljB't \ k|of ]u x'g ] cj:yf wfGg ;Sb}g . k|flws/0fsf] cg'dfgdf clxn] g} ljB't\sf] n's]sf] dfu -n]6]G6 l8dfG8_ @)) d]ufjf6eGbf a9L 5 .

To;afx]s ;a} If]qdf ljB't\ k'¥ofpg / dfunfO{ wfGg b]z}el/ 6«fG;ld6/x¿sf] Ifdtf lj:tf/sf ;fy ljB't\ k|;f/0f nfOgsf] hfnf] agfpg''k5{ . lrlnd] hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf k|aGw lgb]{zs s'ndfg l3l;ª k|flws/0fn] clxn]b]lv g} pmhf{ Joj:yfkgsf o:tf sfdx¿ gug]{ xf] eg] pTkflbt ljB't\ v]/ hfg] t/, pkef]Qmfn] gkfpg] l:ylt cfpg] atfpF5g\ . l3l;ª eG5g\, æ7"nf] kl/df0fdf ljB't\ ljt/0fsf nflu tf/ / 6«fG;ld6/ km]g{ /sd;Fu} ;do klg w]/} nfUg] ePsfn] clxn] g} sfd gyfnL x'Fb}g .Æ

clxn] d'n'sdf ljB't\sf] cf};t dfu !))) d]ufjf6eGbf a9L 5 . cfk"lt{ eg] b]zleqsf] pTkfbg / cfoft hf]8\bf klg cfwf dfq ePsf]n] %@) d]ufjf6 a/fa/sf] nf]8;]l8ª eO/x]sf] pmhf{ dGqfnosf] tYof+sn] b]vfpF5 . ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf k|jQmf ef6sf cg';f/, c¿ a]nf #)) d]ufjf6eGbf s]xL a9L lah'nL pTkfbg eP klg kmfu'g / r}tdf @)) b]lv @@) d]ufjf6df dfq pTkfbg x'G5 . clxn] /fli6«o k|;f/0f nfOgdf hf]l8Psf] &@^ d]ufjf6 ljB't\dWo] ̂ &# d]ufjf6 hnljB't\sf] xf] eg] %# d]ufjf6 yd{n KnfG6sf] .

ljBdfg

!#@ s]eL– @!@( lsld^^ s]eL– %!! lsld

lgdf{0ffwLg

$)) s]eL– !**) lsld@@) s]eL– !!@( lsld!#@ s]eL– !%$) lsld

k|:tfljt

!#@ s]eL– &#( lsld@@) s]eL– $$^ lsld

k|;f/0f nfOg

u|fxs 5g\ eg] b]zsf ^) k|ltzt hgtf lah'nLsf] pHofnf]af6 aflx/ 5g\ . ;g\ @)!& kl5 ljB't\ pTkfbg / cfk"lt{ a9\g] x'Fbf u|fxs bf]Aa/ x'g]5g\ . t/, clxn]b]lv g} tof/L gug{] xf] eg] @))) b]lv @&)) d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg x'Fbf klg u|fxsnfO{ ljB't\ ljt/0f ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . k|flws/0fsf k|jQmf z]/l;+x ef6 cfGtl/s ljt/0f k|0ffnLdf


l/kf]6{ :yfgLo lgsfo

Psn l;njfn

sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgdf k|of]u eO/x]sf ;"rsx¿sf] q'l6df v]Nb} uflj; ;lrjx¿n] lvlr/x]sf] ?=# nfvb]lv ?=* nfv !& xhf/;Ddsf] cltl/Qm cg'bfg tLg jif{df ?=$ ca{ k'u]sf] 5 .

(fF̂ nfO{k'/:sf/

:yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g– @)%% n] uflj;, gu/kflnsf / lhlj;x¿sf]

sfdsf/afxLsf cfwf/df ;/sf/L cg'bfg yk36 ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL ;+of]hs / /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf pkfWoIf pk;+of]hs /xg] :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]un] o:tf] d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df b08 / k'/:sf/ l;kmfl/; u5{ . cfof]udf ;/sf/sf d'Vo ;lrj, cy{ ;lrj / :yfgLo ljsf; ;lrj;lxt cf7 ;b:o 5g\ .

cfof]us} ;xof]udf ;/sf/n] b]ze/ Pp6} dfgs x'g] u/L d"Nof+sgsf ;"rsx¿ agfPsf] 5, h;df cg]s l5b|x¿ 5g\ . To;sf] kmfObf :yfgLo lgsfo rnfpg a;]sf sd{rf/L, n]vfk/LIfs / d"Nof+sgstf{x¿sf] ;d"xn] p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . x' Fb } gePsf sfd sfuhdf b]vfP/ ah]6 xTofpg] o:tf] s[Todf /fhgLlts bnsf :yfgLo k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;xof]u /xg] u/]sf] 5 . lhlj; / gu/kflnsfx¿sf] sfdsf] d"Nof+sg cfof]u cfkm}+n] v'nf k|lt:kwf{af6 5fg]sf …:jtGq lj1x¿Ú / uflj;x¿sf] d"Nof+sg cfof]usf] lgb]{zgdf ;DalGwt lhlj;x¿n] s/f/df lnPsf d"Nof+sgstf{x¿n] u5{g\ .

9fF6\g] ;lrj, bl08t hgtf …uflj;x¿sf] Go"gtd zt{ dfkg sfo{ljlw– @)^^Ú sf] t];|f ] ;"rsdf d"Nof +sgdf ;kmn x'g cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df k"FhLut cg'bfgsf] sDtLdf () k|ltzt /sd lgsf;f lnPsf] x'g'kg]{ zt{ 5, h;sf nflu uflj; ;lrjx¿ a9L /sd vr{ u/]sf] kmhL{ sfuh agfpF5g\ . h:tf], cfly{s jif{ @)^&÷^* df kj{t lhNnfsf] b'n'{ª uflj;n] ?=!* nfv $( xhf/ k"FhLut cg'bfg vr{ ug{ agfPsf] s'g} klg of]hgf sfof{Gjog geP klg ;lrj uf]s'n zdf{n] cfjsf] cGTodf lanekf{O ldnfP/ k"/} ah]6 lk|mh gx'g] vftfdf ;f/] .

o;/L k"/} ah]6 lgsf;f lnPsf ;lrj zdf{n] ?=* nfv () xhf/ csf{] vftfdf

n'sfPsf lyP, h'g cf7 dxLgfkl5 u f l j ; j f ; L n ]

vf ]htnf; u/ ]/ km]nf kf/] . kj{ts} ltnfxf/ uflj;sf tTsfnLg ;lrj nLnk|;fb >]i7n] ljleGg

kmhL { of ]hgf agfP/ l8d'jf ufpFsf cldg lanfz /fO{


dgf]dfgL of]hgfdf ah]6 vr{ ug]{ uflj; ;lrjx¿ ufpF kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t ePsf] gSsnL dfOGo"6 b]vfP/ Go"gtd zt{ dfkgsf] klxnf] ;"rsdf pQL0f{ x'G5g\ . cl3Nnf] jif{ ;~rflnt sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfx¿sf] jflif{s ;dLIff x'g'kg]{ bf];|f] ;"rs k"/f ug{ pgLx¿ gSsnL dfOGo"6 agfP/ ;xL w:sfpF5g\ . k"FhLut cg'bfgsf] sDtLdf () k|ltzt /sd lgsf;f lnPsf] x'g'kg]{ t];|f] ;"rs t pgLx¿ gSsnL lanekf{Oaf6 ;lhn} k"/f u5{g\ . ufpF kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o k'l:tsfdf …s'n ah]6sf] #% k|ltzt /sd nlIft ju{nfO{ lbg] lg0f{o ul/of]Ú eg]/ n]v]kl5 rf}yf] ;"rs klg k"/f x'G5 .

cl3Nnf] jif{sf] cfoJoo ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ kfFrf}+ zt{df ;kmn aGg Ps k|lt lst]{ d'r'Nsf agfP k'U5 . b'O{ jif{cl3sf cfly{s sf/f]af/x¿sf] clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f u/fO{ n]vf k/LIfsaf6 uflj;df k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs u/fPsf] x'g'kg]{ 5}6f}+ ;"rs k"/f u/fpg ;lrjx¿n] kmhL{ sfuh b]vfpF5g\ . sfg"gtM !$ jif{cl3 g} lj:yflkt eO;s]sf] dn]k kmf/fd k|of]u ul//x]sf uflj; ;lrjx¿n] cfˆgf] cfoJoosf] clen]v :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g @)%% n] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf /fv]sf] egL ‰'6f] ljj/0f lbP/ ;ftf}+ ;"rsdf klg c+s kfO/x]sf 5g\ . of] ;"rs k"/f ug]{ uflj;x¿sf] ;+Vof cToGt Go"g x'g] b]lvPkl5 :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]un] g} k'/fgf] 9fFrfdf clen]v /fVg] uflj;x¿nfO{ klg pQL0f{ u/fpg lhlj;x¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 .

w]/}h;f] uflj;n] rn, crn tyf lhG;L ;DklQsf] nut tof/ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ cf7f}+ gDa/sf] ;"rs dfq g9fF6Lsg k"/f ul//x]sf 5g\ . d[To' ePsf Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf] eQf krfO/x]sf ;lrjx¿n] k'/fgf] clen]vnfO{ gofF egL 9fFl6/x]sf 5g\ . To;f] u/]kl5 ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf kfpg]x¿sf] ljj/0f jif]{lg cBfjlws u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ tyf JolQmut 36gf btf{sf] clen]v lhlj;df k]z x'g'kg]{ gjf}+ / bzf}+ ;"rsdf hfn;fhL x'G5 g} . uflj;sf] k|f]kmfOn k'l:tsf x'g'kg]{ P3f/f}+ ;"rsnfO{ eg] dGqfnon] rf/ jif{kl5 klg sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg ;s]sf] 5}g .

Go"gtd zt{ dfkgsf nflu uflj; hfg'eGbf Ps xKtf klxNo} ;lrjx¿nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{ zt{ sfo{ljlwn] g} tf]lslbPsf] 5, d"Nof+sgstf{x¿nfO{ . kmhL{ sfuhkq h'6fO{ d"Nof+sgdf ;kmn x'g l;kfn' uflj; ;lrjx¿sf nflu of] zt{ afFb/nfO{ ln:gf] ;fljt ePsf] 5 .

vfF nufotsf gfddf cfj @)^&÷^* sf] ah]6af6 ?=! nfv %* xhf/ lgsf;f lnPsf lyP . cfj ;lsPsf] gf} dxLgfkl5 ufpFn]x¿n] ;f]wLvf]hL ubf{ pgsf] hjfkm lyof], æolt rnfvL gu/]sf] eP t xfd|f] uflj; Go"gtd zt{df c;kmn eOxfNYof] lg ÛÆ

Go"gtd zt{ dfkg sfo{ljlwsf] gjf}+ ;"rs To:t} csf]{ l5b| xf], h;n] e|i6 k|j[lQsf uflj; ;lrjx¿nfO{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf p8fpg] df}sf lbG5 . ;+v'jf;efsf] v/fª uflj; ;lrj ;'/]z uf}tdn] gjf}+ ;"rssf] …uflj;n] k|To]s cfjdf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff afktsf] eQf kfpg] JolQmx¿sf] ljj/0f cBfjlws u/]sf] x'g'kg]{Ú Joj:yf cg';f/ …ljj/0f cBfjlwsÚ u/]/ jiff} { +cl3 d[To' eO;s]sf Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf] eQf a'‰] . Ps jif{cl3 ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfOdf e08fkmf]/ ePkl5 uf}tdn] ?=! nfv *) xhf/ lkmtf{ u/] klg To;cl3sf tLg jif{sf] /sd lnPsf]lno} kf/] . ptf, h'Dnf lhlj;n] ^) jif{d'lgsf Psn dlxnfsf] ;+Vof #%$# b]vfP/ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf ln+b} cfPsf]df cfj @)^(÷&) df dGqfnon] clen]vsf] ;Totf hfFRg] atfPkl5 Tof] ;+Vof !#$( df ‰¥of] . Ho]i7 gful/s / ̂ ) jif{ gf3]sf Psn dlxnfsf] ;+Vof klg 36]/ qmdzM &(!$ af6 &)^$ / @&(% af6 !$!) df ;Lldt eof] . h'Dnfsf #) j6} uflj; o:tf ;"rsdf nuftf/ pQL0f{ x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ .

d[tssf] gfddf lst{ ] eQf a'‰]/ cfkm"nfO{ …c;nÚ / uflj;nfO{ …;kmnÚ agfpg] ;lrjx¿sf] ;"rLdf ;Kt/Lsf uflj; ;lrjx¿ cufl8 5g\ . ;Kt/Lsf !!$ dWo] &) uflj; ;lrjn] ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQfdf clgoldttf u/]sf] ph'/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf k/] klg cfj @)^^÷^& df (@ uflj; dfkb08df pQL0f{ ePsf lyP . c3f{vfFrLsf] l;4f/f uflj;n] cfj @)^%÷^^ otfsf ;a} d"Nof+sgdf k/]/ lhNnfsf $@ uflj;dWo] ;aeGbf a9L cg'bfg lnPsf] 5 . o; uflj;n] cfj @)^^÷^& df ?=$ nfv *% xhf/, @)^&÷^* df ?=& nfv *% xhf/ / @)^*÷^( df ?=* nfv !& xhf/ k'/:sf/:j?k cltl/Qm cg'bfg kfof] .

uflj;n] s'n ah]6sf] #% k|ltzt dlxnf, afnaflnsf, blnt, hghflt h:tf nlIft ju{df ljlgof]hg u/]sf] b]vfPsf]df cfj @)^&÷^* df hghflt / blnt dlxnfsf nflu elgPsf] ?=! nfv %% xhf/ k|x/L rf}sL agfpg lbPsf] kfOof] . c¿ dGqfno dftxtsf cfˆg} ah]6 ePsf

o;/L 9fF6\5g\ ;lrj


sfof{nox¿nfO{ :yfgLo lgsfodf hfg] cg'bfg afF8\g :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g / lgodfjnLn] lb+b}g . t/, of] uflj;n] s'g} of]hgf gtf]sL cflbjf;L hghfltsf] gfddf 5'6\ofPsf] ?=! nfv ljB'tLs/0fdf nufPsf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf] gfddf 5'6\ofPsf] ?=! nfv $) xhf/ ljleGg ljBfnosf lzIfs sIf l;+ufg{ vr{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

b'O{ jif{;Dd s'n ah]6sf] tLgb]lv gf} k|ltzt dfq nlIft ju{sf nflu 5'6\ofPsf bfªsf xfk'/, gf/fo0fk'/ / l9sk'/ uflj;n] #% k|ltzt 5'6\ofpFbf dfq pQL0f{ x'g] d"Nof+sgdf kf; eP/ k'/:sf/ yfk]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}+sf] a"9fgLns07 uflj;df cfj @)^*÷^( ;Dd nlIft ju{sf nflu ah]6 5'6\ofpg] rng g} g/x] klg sf7df8f}+ lhlj;sf] d"Nof+sgdf slxNo} c;kmn gePsf] Ps :ynut ;j]{If0fn] b]vfPsf] 5 . cfj @)^&÷^* sf] d"Nof+sgdf c;kmn ePsf] 6f]vf afx]s xfn;Dd sf7df8f}+sf %& j6} uflj;n] yk cg'bfg yflk/x]sf 5g\ .

:yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno cGtu{tsf] cw{:jfoQ cg'udgsf/L lgsfo :yfgLo zf;g tyf pQ/bfoL ;+oGqsf] k|ltj]bgdf cfj @)^^÷^& / @)^&÷^* df b]zsf @@ lhlj;, ( gu/kflnsf / #$) uflj; u/L #&! :yfgLo lgsfodWo] *% k|ltztn] Go"gtd #% k|ltzt ah]6 nlIft ju{df ljlgof]hg gu/]sf] pNn]v 5 . t/, tL lgsfox¿ klg ljQLo cfof]usf] d"Nof+sgdf ;kmn 5g\ . Ps bh{geGbf a9L lhNnfdf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L eP/ sfd u/]sf If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no wg'iffsf pkIf]qLo k|zf;s p4jk|;fb ltdN;]gf eG5g\, æ:yfgLo lgsfox¿sf] d"Nof+sgdf k|of]u eO/x]sf ;"rsx¿ g} kmhL{ sfdnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ vfnsf 5g\ .Æ

uflj;x¿sf] Go"gtd zt{ d"Nof+sg ul//x]sf] :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]usf] ;lrjfnosf pk;lrj /3'/fd lji6 cfj @)^$÷^% b]lv d"Nof+sg ul/P klg o;kfln ynf]d} uP/ x]/]kl5 dfq 5nsk6x¿ yfxf kfPsf] atfpF5g\ -x]=cGtjf{tf{_ . lhlj;dfkm{t kl/rflnt d"Nof+sgstf{x¿sf] k|ltj]bg ;To eP÷gePsf] hfFRg cfof]un] v6fpg] u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrttf k/LIf0f 6f]nLn] kl5Nnf] k6s ut c;f/df !) lhNnfsf #^ uflj;df :ynut ?h' u/]sfdWo] cfwf k|ltj]bg ‰'6f ;fljt ePsf lyP .

cfj @)^%÷^^ / @)^^÷^& df afFs]sf] xf]lnof uflj;sf tTsfnLg ;lrjx¿ /fh]Gb| >]i7 / czf]ss'df/ >Ljf:tj tyf vl/bf/

Ufflj;x¿sf] Go"gtd zt{ d"Nof+sg u/]/ lhlj;x¿n] lbg] k|ltj]bg slQsf] ;xL 5 <

cfof]un] uflj;x¿sf] d"Nof+sg ug]{ sfd ;DalGwt lhlj;nfO{ lbPsf]n] pgLx¿n] d"Nof+sg u/]/ glthf k7fpF5g\ . ut jif{sf] d"Nof+sgkl5 ynf]d} uP/ ;Totf hfFRbf cfwfh;f] k|ltj]bgx¿ q'l6k"0f{ b]lvP . To;kl5 dfq uflj;x¿n] 5Nbf/x]5g\ eGg] yfxf eof] .

;'wf/sf nflu s] sfd ePsf 5g\ <

unt d"Nof+sgstf{nfO{ csf]{ jif{ d"Nof+sg ug{ gkfpg] u/L sfnf];"rLdf /fv]sf 5f}+ . o; jif{b]lv ‰f'6f k|ltj]bg lbg]sf] kfl/>lds klg /f]Ssf ub}{5f}+ .

otf af/f lhNnfsf ejfgLk'/ hLtk'/, lkk/f j;tk'/, /f}jfxL, 6]9fs§L, aa'cfOg, k'/}lgof / dw'/LhAbL uflj;sf ;lrjx¿n] ah]6 vr{ u/]/ sfof{nodf clen]v g/flv+bf uflj;x¿ Go"gtd zt{df c;kmn eP/ yk cg'bfg kfpg cof]Uo 7xl/P . Go"gtd zt{ dfkg sfo{ljlwdf e|i6 ;lrjx¿nfO{ sf/afxLsf] Joj:yf gx'Fbf csf/0f ljsf; u'dfpg'kg]{ hgtf g} bl08t eO/x]sf 5g\ .

sf/afxLsf] ;§f jfxjfxL nlntk'/sf $@ dWo] #$ uflj;n] cfj @)^^÷^& sf] d"Nof+sgdf pQL0f { eO{ ljleGg cGt/f{li6«o bftfx¿sf] ;+o'Qm sf]ifaf6 ?=! s/f]8 !( nfv &* k'/:sf/ yfKbf ;lrjx¿sf] jfxjfxL eof] . ToxL ah]6 vr{ eO/x]sf] @)^* df3sf] d"Nof+sgdf #! uflj; c;kmn eP . nlntk'/sf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L /fhs'df/ >]i7 kl5Nnf] jif{sf] d"Nof+sgnfO{ oyfy{ agfpFbf w]/} uflj; c;kmn ePsf] atfpF5g\ . cyf{t\ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] d"Nof+sg lst]{ lyof] .

:yfgLo zf;g tyf pQ/bfoL ;+oGqn] wgs'6fdf b'O{ jif{ u/]sf] cWoogn] lhNnfsf #% dWo] @@ uflj;n] n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg n'sfpg] u/]sf] b]vfP klg k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ug}{kg]{ ;"rsdf ltgLx¿ ;kmn eP . slknj:t'sf && dWo] $) uflj;sf ;lrjn] cf7 jif{b]lv lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tf}lnxjfl:yt ;Dks{ sfof{noaf6} lst]{ k|df0f tof/ kf/]/ cltl/Qm cg'bfg lbnfPsf]df jfx\jfxL sdfO/x]sf 5g\ . lst{] sfuhft agfP/ uflj;nfO{ dfkb08 pQL0f{ u/fpg] ;lrjx¿nfO{ :ofjf;L lbg] rng ;a}lt/ JofKt ePsf] a]nf lhlj;x¿ klg u}/–lhDd]jf/ x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .

cfly{s jif{ @)^%÷^^ sf] d"Nof+sgdf ?kGb]xLsf ^( dWo] cf7 uflj; c;kmn eP klg !^ kmfu'g @)^& sf] !*cf}+ lhNnf kl/ifb\n] lg0f{o k'l:tsfdf …uflj;x¿sf] cfj @)^%÷^^ sf] Go"gtd zt{ dfkgsf] clGtd kl/0ffdaf/] hfgsf/L eof], h;df * j6f uflj;x¿n] Go"gtd zt{ k"/f u/]sf] kfOPg .Ú csf]{ jif{ c;kmn uflj;sf] ;+Vof $( k'Uof], t/ @$ kmfu'g @)^* df ;DkGg !(cf}+ lhNnf kl/ifb\n] s'g} 5nkmn gu/L cl3Nnf] kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o h:tfsf] t:t} ;fl/lbof] . hals, lhNnf kl/ifb\ lhNnfdf cl3Nnf] jif{ ePsf sfdsf] ;dLIff u/L cfpFbf] jif{sf nflu k|:tfljt of]hgf tyf ah]6 kfl/t ug]{ zlQmzfnL d~r xf] .

-vf]h kqsfl/tf s]Gb|_

d[tssf] gfddf lst{] eQf a'‰f]/ cfkm"nfO{ æc;nÆ /

uflj;nfO{ æ;kmnÆ agfpg] ;lrjx¿sf] ;"rLdf ;Kt/Lsf uflj; ;lrjx¿ cufl8 5g\ .

/fdcfFrn ofbjn] @@# hgf Ho]i7 gful/s, c;xfo, blnt / Psn dlxnfsf] tLg dxLgfsf] ?=$ nfv &% xhf/ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf lxgfldgf u/] . ToxL sf/0f uflj;n] Go"gtd zt{ k"/f ug{ g;Sbf nuftf/ b'O{ jif{;Dd xf]lnofsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf cltl/Qm cg'bfg hfg ;s]g . lxgfldgf ug]{ sd{rf/Lx¿ tLg jif{kl5 ut c;f]hdf /sd lkmtf{ u/]/ rf]lvP, t/ l;+uf] uflj;sf hgtf ljsf;af6 jl~rt eP .

/3'/fd lji6, pk;lrj :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]usf] ;lrjfno

…5N5g\ eGg] yfxf 5Ú


dfgj t:s/sf]

hfnf]d'n'ssf] cy{tGqnfO{ qf0f lbg] /]ld6\ofG;df Wofg lbO/x]sf] /fHo cfkm\gf xhf/f}+ gful/s cGt/f{li6«o dfgj t:s/x¿sf] kmGbfdf k/]sf] 8/nfUbf] cj:yfk|lt eg] k"0f{tM a]k/afx 5 .

/fd]Zj/ af]x/f

sf]xL !%–!^ jif {sf lszf]/L, sf]xL klxnf] k6s zx/ cfP

‰}+ b]lvg] ;fdfGo njfOvjfOsf dlxnf clg sf]xL s7\of+lu|g] hf8f]df s's'{Rrf k6k6L km'6] klg rKkn dfq nufPsf k'?if . sf]xL b'aO{, sf]xL stf/ t sf]xL dn]lzof lx+8]sf pgLx¿nfO{ lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf k|x/Ln] ;f]wvf]h ubf{ ;a}af6 …3'Dg hfg nfu]sf]Ú eGg] Pp6} hjfkm cfof] . pgLx¿;Fu a9Ldf b'O{ dxLgf;Ddsf] …lelh6 le;fÚ nfu]sf] /fxbfgL, b'O{tkmL{ Kn]g l6s6, s]xL hf]/ nQfsk8f / %)) cd]l/sL 8n/ lyof] .

cfj/0f

ckmuflg:tfg, O/fsnufotsf d'n'sdf cj}w ¿kdf sfdbf/ k7fpFb} cfPsf sGsfO{ dgL r]Gh/sf ;f]dgfy lg/f}nf .


ljdfg:yn k|x/Lsf clwsf/Lx¿n] ;f]wvf]h s8f agfpFbf jf:tljstf v'Nof]]– pgLx¿ …lelh6 le;fÚdf ljb]z …3'Dg lx+8]sfÚ geO{ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj t:s/Lsf] hfnf]df k/]sf lgwf{ g]kfnL sfdbf/ lyP, h;nfO{ /fHosf] cfFvf 5Ng …ko{6sÚ agfOPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 s8fO yfn]sf] k|x/Ln] t:s/x¿n] b}lgs !)) b]lv !%) hgf;Dd g]kfnLnfO{ d'n'ssf] cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynaf6} n}hfg] u/]sf] / of] qmd s/La rf/ jif{b]lv rln/x]sf] 8/nfUbf] tYo km]nf kf¥of] . of] lx;fan] jflif{s sDtLdf 8]9b]lv b'O{nfv g]kfnLnfO{ o;/L ljb]z k'¥ofOPsf] b]lvG5 .

of] cfFs8f 8/nfUbf] o;sf/0fn] 5 ls, o;/L ljb]lzg]x¿ /fHosf] hfgsf/Ld} x'Fb}gg\ . …lelh6 le;fÚdf hfFbf j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefuaf6 >d :jLs[lt lng' gkg]{ ePsfn] pgLx¿sf] clen]v sxL+ st} /xFb}g . pgLx¿nfO{ k7fpg] ;+:yf, Dofgkfj/ sDkgL

jf JolQmsf] ;+nUgtf v'Nb}g . æcj:yf ;fFRr} 8/nfUbf] 5Æ, tLg dxLgfcl3 ljdfg:yn ;?jf ePsf g]kfn k|x/Lsf gfoj dxflg/LIfs -8LcfO{hL_ lj1fg/fh zdf{ eG5g\, æof] g]S;;df k|x/L klg ;+nUg 5g\, o;nfO{ tf]8\g lgs} ldlxg]t rflxG5 .Æ

dfgj t:s/Lsf] …;]l6ªÚ/fHon] g]kfnLsf] oqf] ;+Vof sxfF k'u]sf] 5 / ltgsf] cj:yf s] 5 eg]/ rf;f] b]vfPsf] 5}g . of]eGbf klg 8/nfUbf] l:ylt s] 5 eg], of] sfd /fHo ;+oGqsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtfdf eO/x]sf] 5, h;nfO{ …;]l6ª k|yfÚ elgG5 . >d :jLs[ltsf] j}wflgs Rofgnx¿ 5Ng ldnfOPsf] …;]l6ªÚ df k|foM pt}sf sDkgL jf Ph]G6x¿n] otfsf Dofgkfj/ sDkgL, 6«fen Ph]G;L, dgL PS;r]~h jf JolQmx¿nfO{ …lelh6 le;fÚ k7fpF5g\ . cgnfOg le;f k|0ffnLn]

h'd OG6/g]zgnn] tfGhflgofsf] l/;f]6{df ;x–n]vfkfnsf] hflu/ lbg] eg]kl5 ?=! nfv a'‰fPF, t/ le;f / c¿ 8s'd]G6 glbO{ …;a s'/f tof/ 5Ú eGb} lbNnL / ToxfFaf6 d'DaO{ k'¥ofof] . …Pc/kf]6{df le;f nufOxfN5Ú eGb} d'DaO{af6 p8fP/ s]Gof x'Fb} tfGhflgof k''¥ofPkl5 dfq …6'l/i6 le;fÚ kfPF .

ToxfF * 306f x}g !@–!# 306f sfd ug'{k¥of], Tof] klg /S;L a]Rg] . !$ dxLgf sfd ubf{ ̂ dxLgfsf] tna kfOof] . l/;f]6{ dflns xTof nufotsf] cf/f]kL /x]5 . d t s]xL k9]n]v]sf] dfG5], t/ rf/ dxLgfkl5 tgx'Fsf xb} ;f]‰f g'gaxfb'/ yfkf cfOk'u] . l56} efUg g;s] ToxL+ dfl/g] cj:yf b]v]kl5 klxnf pg}nfO{ pDsfpg cfkm" aGws a;]/ ;fx';Fu kf;kf]6{ dflulbPF . clg klxnf a'‰]sf] tnan] pgnfO{ g]kfn k7fPF .

ca d]/f] kf;kf]6{ dfUg] s'/} ePg . blIf0f clk|msfl:yt g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf;nfO{ uf]Ko 9+un] Od]n k7fPF, p;n] s'l/o/af6 6«fen–8s'd]G6 k7fOlbof] . clg ToxfF a:g] g]kfnLx¿;Fu ;xof]u dfu]/ efUg] k};f h'6fPF . tfGhflgofsf ] Pc/kf]6{df !%) 8n/ 3'; v'jfPkl5 6«fen 8s'd]G6sf] cfwf/df p8\g lbof] . ToxfFaf6 d'DaO{ cfPF, cWofudgdf l;lSsdlt/sL g]kfnL af]Ng] s]6L /lx5g\, pg}n] aflx/ lgsflnlbOg\ . ToxfFaf6 h;f]t;f] /]n r9]/ g]kfn cfPF .

tfGhflgofdf @)) hlt g]kfnL sfd u5{g\ . w]/} g]kfnL s]6Lx¿nfO{ of}g Joj;fodf nufOPsf] 5 eGg] ;'lgGYof] . ;f]R5', pgLx¿ s;/L kms]{nfg\ <

…efu]/ ar]+Ú

/fhLa


o;nfO{ c‰} ;xh agfPsf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf clwsf/Lx¿ atfpF5g\ . ljefusf Ps clwsf/L eG5g\, æsltn] t gSsnL le;fd} p8fpF5g\ .Æ

…lelh6 le;fÚdf ljb]z hfg b'O{tkmL{ xjfOl6s6, xf]6n a'lsª / Go"gtd %)) cd]l/sL 8n/ x'g'kg]{ cWofudg ljefusf] dfkb08 5 . Tolt ePkl5 …;]l6ªÚ ldn]sfx¿ ;lhn} l55{g\ . …;]l6ªÚ df uPsfx¿n] af]s]sf] %)) 8n/ r]shfFr kl5 / hxfh r9\g'cl3 cWofudgsf sd{rf/L jf k|x/Ln] lnG5g\ . cyf{t\, ljdfg:ynl:yt cWofudgsf sd{rf/L, cWofudg clws[tsf] ¿kdf /xg] /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefusf u'Ktr/, k|x/L / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf sd{rf/L gldnL …;]l6ªÚdf dfgj t:s/L ;+ej x'Fb}g .

ljdfg:ynl:yt j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf] >d 8]:sdf b'O{ l;ˆ6df u/L !@ sd{rf/L v6\5g\ . cWofudg sfof{nodf Ps ;x;lrj

/ tLg pk;lrj;lxt !)) xf/fxf/L sd{rf/L x'G5g\ . cWofudg ljefusf k"j{dxflgb]{zs ;'wL/s'df/ zfx tLdWo] dflyNnf] txsf rf/ sd{rf/Ln] rfxFbf *) k|ltzt …;]l6ªÚ tf]l8g] atfpF5g\ . æ;]l6ª eg]s} ;'Aafb]lv ;x;lrj;Ddsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ldnfpg' xf]Æ zfx eG5g\, æToxfFleq 7"nf] lu/f]x 5, h;nfO{ s'g} Pp6f lgsfon] dfq rfx]/ s]xL ug{ ;Sb}g .Æ

ljdfg:ynsf ] cWofudg 8]:ssf sd{rf/Lx¿ clwsf+z ;do df]afOnd} Jo:t b]lvG5g\, lelh6 le;fdf sfdbf/ k7fpg]x¿;Fu s'/f ldnfpg . cWofudgdf ePsf] ;Ltf /fO{ n'6 k|s/0fkl5 k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf ;lrj /fh'dfgl;+x dNnsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t pRr:t/Lo ;ldltn] $ df3df a'‰fPsf] k|ltj]bgdf cWofudg 8]:ssf sd{rf/LnfO{ df]afOn k|of]udf aGb]h nufpg'kg]{ l;kmfl/; ug'{n] klg pgLx¿ …8\o'6L cfj/Údf lsg

df]afOn kmf]gdf Jo:t x'G5g\ eg]/ a'‰fPsf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] df]afOn jftf{ …lelh6 le;fÚdf hfg] sfdbf/nfO{ ;a} …k|lqmofÚ ldnfP/ hxfh r9fpgsf nflu x'G5 eGg] k|i6} 5 .

g]kfn k|x/Lsf] s]Gb|Lo cg';Gwfg Jo'/f] -;LcfO{aL_ n] uPsf] # c;f]hdf gofFafg]Zj/sf] s]lNeg 6«feN;df 5fkf dfbf{ !$! yfg /fxbfgL;Fu} d]l8sn 8fS6/ / Dofgkfj/ sDkgLsf /a/ :6\ofDkx¿ a/fdb u/]sf] lyof] . 6«feN;sf ;~rfnsx¿ hut Gof}kfg], lzj /]UdL / cldt elgg] c?0f s'df/ adf{ kqmfp k/] . @% d+;L/df rfalxnsf] uf]ljGb 6«feN; P08 6';{ k|flndf ;LcfO{aLn] #( yfg /fxbfgL / @* yfg gful/stf;Fu} ;~rfns nfnafa' elgg] lzjl;+x ofbjnfO{ kqmfp u¥of] .

;LcfO{aLsf] 6f]nLn] To;cl3 afnfh'l:yt sGsfO{ dgL r]Gh/df 5fkf dfbf{ !&% yfg /fxbfgL, !& hgfsf] k'ln; / !* hgfsf]

g]kfnaf6 cj}w ?kdf sfdbf/ k'¥ofOg] b]z .


d]l8sn l/kf]6{ e]6\of] . Tof] 5fkf kl5 sGsfO{ dgL 6«fG;km/n] ckmuflg:tfg, O/fs, kf]Nof08 / blIf0f sf]l/ofdf -lelh6 le;f nufot_ ca}w 9+un] sfdbf/ k7fO/x]sf] /x:o v'n]sf] lyof] . nfdf] ;dob]lv o:tf] sfd ul//x]sf b'uf{ lg/f}nf / pgsf] 5f]/f ;f]dgfynfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] ̂ lbgdf ;LcfO{aLn] afnfh' afOkf;sf] g]kfn hg:jf:Yo s]Gb| gfdsf] kf]lnlSnlgsdf klg 5fkf df/]/ $% j6f d]l8sn l/kf]6{sf ;fy 8f= lbg]z s];L / kf]lnlSnlgs ;~rfns k|jL0f/fh ah|frfo{;lxt rf/ hgfnfO{ ;dfTof] . j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf] lhDdf nufOPsf pgLx¿ w/f}6Ldf 5'l6;s]sf 5g\ . æzlQms]Gb|;Dd kx'Fr /x]5Æ, ;LcfO{aLsf Ps clws[t eG5g\, æxfsfxfsL hflu/ vfOlbg] wDsL lbGy], s]xL lbgd} 5'l6xfn] .Æ

sGsfO{ h:tf slt dgL r]Gh/n] dfgj t:s/Lsf] wGbf rnfP/ slt g]kfnLnfO{ sxfF—sxfF cnkq kfl//x]sf 5g\ eGg] tYo v'lng;s]sf] a]nf u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ ;d]t o;df hf]l8Psf] k|df0f km]nf k/]sf] 5 . uPsf] & d+;L/df ;LcfO{aLn] sf7df8f}+sf] ;LtfkfOnfl:yt :ju{åf/L Xo'dg j]nkm]o/ ;]G6/df 5fkf dfbf{ !! j6f /fxbfgL / …hfkfg k7fOlbg]Ú eg]/ ?s'd, /f]Nkf / wflbªsf ljleGg JolQmx¿af6 lnPsf] ?=%) nfvsf] /l;b km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . o;n] …lelh6 le;fÚ sf] cj}w wGbf sxfF;Dd df}nfPsf] 5 eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 .

! df3df cf]dfg Pc/sf] p8fg gDa/ )##@ af6 d:s6 x'Fb} stf/ p8\g nfu]sf wg'iff, l;/xf, ;nf{xL, /f}tx6 / af/fsf

!! o'js sf7df8f}+ ljdfg:yndf ;dfltP, h;dWo] kfFrhgf hxfh rl9;s]sf lyP . pgLx¿nfO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf] gSsnL >d :jLs[ltkq / /fxbfgLdf To;s} l:6s/ 6fF;]/ k7fpg] uf}zfnfl:yt ;'/]z 6';{ P08 6«feN; ;~rfns ;'/]zs'df/ dxtf] -#%_ kqmfp k/] . …lelh6 le;fÚ df lx+8]sfx¿dfly ljdfg:yndf s8fO x'g yfn]kl5 dfgj t:s/x¿n] gSsnL >d :jLs[lt kq rnfpg yfn]sf] a'´g ufx|f] 5}g .

To;/L g} $ sflQsdf b'aO{ hfg nfUbf ;dfltPsf afx|la;], l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf ;~rdfof ljs -#(_ / d;nL sfdL -@(_ n] cfkm"x¿nfO{ s;n] k7fPsf] xf] Tof] ;d]t atfpg ;s]gg\ . !& d+;L/df ;LcfO{aLsf] 6f]nLn] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu kl/;/df s]xL /fxbfgL / @% yfg >d :jLs[ltsf] l:6s/;lxt tLg hgfnfO{ ;dft]kl5 dfq pgLx¿nfO{ k7fpg]x¿sf] kf]n v'Nof] . kqmfp kg]{ ;'s]wf/fl:yt jfOh OG6/g]zgn lnld6]8sf dx]z clwsf/L, dxf/fhu~h–rqmkysf] ô'r/ OG6/g]zgn ;le{;sf a'ª;fª bf]h]{ nfdf / Unf]/L cf]e/l;hsf ceo kf]v/]n lyP . o;af6 j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] j}wflgs cg'dlt kfPsf Dofgkfj/ sDkgLx¿ klg o:tf] wGbfdf 5g\ eGg] v'Nof] .

ljdfg:yn s8f x'g yfn]kl5 dfgj t:s/ lu/f]xn] ljb]zL jfo';]jfsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;d]t xft lng yfn]sf 5g\ . k|x/L ;|f]tsf cg';f/, …lelh6 le;fÚjfxsx¿nfO{ s8fO ug{ yflnPkl5 oxfFaf6 lbNnL hfg] eGb} ljdfg:yn k7fP/ hxfh r9\g] a]nfdf b'aO{, bf]xf, SjfnfnDk'/ cflb 7fpFsf] af]l8{ª kf;

ldnfpg yflnPsf] 5 . æ6«flGh6–6«flGh6d} le;f ldnfP/ n}hfg] 7"nf] lu/f]x ;lqmo 5Æ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf Ps clwsf/L eG5g\, æof] ;d:of rfNgf] h:tf] 5, otf 6fNof] ptf r'lxg] .Æ

ef/taf6 ‰g\ 7"nf] nsf]{sf7df8f}+sf] a;'Gw/fl:yt h'd OG6/g]zgn -b=g+=^^*_ Dofgkfj/n] kfFry/sf /fhLj -@&_ nfO{ !@ c;f/ @)^* df tfGhflgofsf] …;fpy–lar l/;f]6{Údf ;xfos n]vfkfnsf] hflu/df k7fpg] eGb} ?=! nfv lnP/ s]xL lbgkl5 lbNnL x'Fb} d'DaO{ k'¥ofof] . ToxfFaf6 ljgf le;f s]Gofsf] g}/f]aL x'Fb} tfGhflgof k'u]kl5 …6'l/i6 le;fÚ kfPsf /fhLj !$ dxLgfdf Hofg hf]ufP/ vflnxft g]kfn cfOk'u] . …lelh6–le;fÚdf lsg k7fOFbf] /x]5 eGg] /x:o pgn] tfGhflgof k'u]/ dfq} yfxf kfPsf lyP -x]=aS;_ .

cGt/f{li6«o dfgj t:s/x¿n] g]kfn–ef/t v'nf ;LdfnfO{ …;'/lIft gfsfÚsf ¿kdf k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . s'j]tl:yt g]kfnL /fhb"t dw'jg kf}8]n sf7df8f}+ ljdfg:yndf k|x/L nufotn] …;]l6ªÚ /f]Sg s8fO u/]kl5 dfgj t:s/x¿ ef/tLo af6f]df s]lGb|t ePsf] atfpF5g\ . ef/tLo af6f] x'Fb} ljleGg d'n's k'¥ofOg]df dlxnfx¿ w]/} x'G5g\ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf cg';f/, >d :jLs[lt lnP/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof @^ nfv gf3]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ -@)^*÷^(_ ;Dd of] ;+Vof @$ nfv ^% xhf/ -ut jif{ dfq} tLg nfv *$ xhf/_ lyof] eg] rfn' cfjsf] k';

Joj;fosf] cfj/0fdf dfgj t:s/LM dgLr]Gh/ ;~rfns b'uf{ lg/f}nf, u};;sdL{ zlzw/ v8\sf / 6«fen Ph]G;Lsf ;~rfns ;'/]z dxtf] .


dxLgf;Dd To;df b'O{ nfv hlt ylkPsf 5g\ . t/, ljefusf clwsf/Lx¿ of] ;+Vof #! nfvsf] xf/fxf/L /x]sf] / …lelh6 le;fÚ jf ef/tLo af6f]af6 uPsf rf/ nfveGbf a9Lsf] cj:yf /fHosf] hfgsf/Ld} gePsf] atfpF5g\ .

o'4If]q / of}g Joj;fodfcj}w ¿kdf ljb]lzPsf oltsf g]kfnL sxfF 5g\ / ltgn] s] ul//x]sf 5g\ eGg] af/] /fHo k"/} a]va/ 5 . …lelh6 le;fÚdf uPsfx¿ hxfF eP klg cj}w 5g\ . …lelh6 le;fÚdf b'aO{, stf/ nufotsf 7fpFdf hfg] w]/} k'?if sfdbf/x¿nfO{ ToxfFaf6 o'4u|:t ckmuflg:tfg, O/fs, lnlaof / clk|msL d'n'sx¿df k'¥ofpg] ul/G5, sfg"gL ¿kdf st}af6 gb]lvg] u/L . u/LaL / a]/f]huf/Ln] lklN;Psf w]/} g]kfnLnfO{ dfgj t:s/x¿n] o'4u|:t jf cGo If]qdf aFw'jf dhb"/ of of}gbf;L x'g afWo kf/]sf] atfpg] Ps k|x/L clws[t eG5g\, æhfg]/ ghfg]/ xfdL cGt/f{li6«o dfgj t:s/x¿sf] hfndf kl/;s]sf 5f}+ .Æ

;+;f/df xltof/kl5sf] bf];|f] 7"nf] …e"ldut cy{tGqÚ alg;s]sf] dfgj t:s/L ;~rfng ug]{ lu/f]xn] g]kfndf …;dfgfGt/ ;/sf/Ú ‰}+ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefub]lv cWofudg;Dd cfˆgf] cg's"n sd{rf/L /fVg / x6fpg ;Sg] x}l;ot agfPsf] tL k|x/L clws[tsf] ljZn]if0f 5 . ckmuflg:tfg / clk|msL d'n's a;]/ cfPsf csf{ k|x/L clws[t sltko o'4u|:t If]qdf /ut cfk"lt{sf nflu g]kfnL sfdbf/ /flvPsf] ;'Gg yflnPsf] atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æTo;}n] g]kfnL

k'?if–dlxnf ;dfg ¿kdf a]rlavgdf kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ .Æ

clxn];Dd n]jgfg nufot vf8L d'n's / dn]lzof nlu+b} u/]sf g]kfnL dlxnfx¿nfO{ kl5Nnf] ;do lslu{:tfg, tfGhflgof, s]Gof, blIf0f clk|msfnufotsf d'n'sdf ;d]t k'¥ofpg yflnPsf] 5 . ljdfg:yndf vl6Psf k|x/L clwsf/Lx¿sf cg';f/, …lelh6 le;fÚdf hfg] w]/}h;f] o'jtL / lszf]/Lx¿ ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf nflu lx+8]sf] eG5g\, t/ ltgdf 8fG;af/ / Sofl;gf]df sfd u/]sf afx]s c¿ gfRg t s] /fd|/L af]Ng klg ghfGg] x'G5g\ .

o:tf lszf]/L, o'jtL / dlxnfx¿ of}g zf]if0fsf] lzsf/ aGg] u/]sf] ljleGg cWoog tyf 36gfqmdx¿n] b]vfPsf 5g\ . cd]l/sfsf] :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6sf] dfgj cf];f/k;f/ ;DaGwL l/kf]6{–@)!@ df vf8L, dn]lzof nufotsf d'n'sdf g]kfnL dlxnfx¿ of}g zf]if0fdf k/]sf] pNn]v 5 . u/La kl/jf/sf lszf]/L– o'jtLx¿nfO{ cg]s nf]enfnr b]vfO{ cfkm}+ vr{ u/]/ ljleGg d'n'sdf k'¥ofpg] ;+ul7t lu/f]xx¿n] g]kfnsf ufpF–ufpF;Dd cfˆgf] ;~hfn agfO;s]sf 5g\ . dlxnf a]rlavg lj?4 sfo{/t ;+:yf dfOtL g]kfnsL cWoIf cg'/fwf sf]O/fnf elG5g\, æ!# jif {sL aflnsfnfO{ @#–@$ jif{ eg]/ gful/stf / /fxbfgL lbg l;l8cf]n] cfFvf lrlDnlbG5g\, ;/sf/ s]xL af]Nb}g, clg s;nfO{ s] eGg]] <Æ

zf/Ll/s ¿kn] c;Qm / dfgl;s ¿kdf ljlIfKt eP/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Laf6 kms{g] dlxnfx¿sf] ;+Vof 7"nf] 5 . j}wflgs af6f]af6 hfg]x¿sf] t of] xfnt 5 eg] …lelh6

le;fÚdf hfg]x¿n] s:tf] lgolt ef]u]sf xf]nfg\, cg'dfg klg ug{ ;lsGg . k'?if x'g\ of dlxnf, cj}w ¿kdf hfg]x¿;Fu g s/f/gfdf x'G5, g cfkm"nfO{ dsf{ kbf{ u'xfg]{ pkfo . …lelh6 le;fÚdf hfg]x¿n] …jls{ª le;fÚ gkfpg] x'gfn] la/fdL x'Fbf /f]huf/bftfn] ltgsf] pkrf/df Wofg lb+b}gg\ / ToxfFsf] >d sfg"gn] klg s]xL d2t ug{ ;Sb}g . lsgeg], v/fa lgot ePs} /f]huf/bftfn] …lelh6 le;fÚ df cfPsf] sfdbf/ /fVg] xf] .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf dxflgb]{zs k"0f{rGb| e§/fO{ cj}w ¿kdf ljleGg d'n's k'u]/ cnkq k/]kl5 u'xf/ dfUg]x¿sf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] atfpF5g\ . ljefudf k'; @)^*–d+;L/ @)^( sf] aLrdf k/]sf] ph'/Ldf ;+:yfut *(* / JolQmut !$)* 5g\ . …lelh6 le;fÚ df hfg]x¿n] JolQmut ph'/L u5{g\, Tof] klg :jb]z kms{g kfP dfq .

cfj @)^*÷^( df >d a]Rg ljb]z uPsf g]kfnLaf6 ?=# va{ #) ca{ () s/f]8 ljk|]if0f -/]ld6\ofG;_ lelqof], h'g d'n'ssf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg -hL8LkL_ sf] @!=@ k|ltzt xf] . bzs nfdf] dfcf]jfbL lx+;fTds ljb|f]x / To;kl5sf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tfn] 8'afpg nfu]sf] d'n'ssf] cy{tGqnfO{ e/y]u ul//x]sf] of] /]ld6\ofG;df dSv kl//x]sf] ;/sf/ ToxL /]ld6\ofG; lbg] cfˆgf xhf/f}+ gful/ssf] cj:yfaf/] eg] pbf;Lg 5 . /]ld6\ofG;sf] dxŒj / of]ubfgsf] s'/f ug]{ c¿ kIfn] klg To;df of]ubfg lbg]x¿n] ef]lu/x]sf] ;d:ofaf/] af]n]sf 5}gg\ . h;n] ubf{ dfgj t:s/x¿n] df}sf kfO/x]sf 5g\ .

6«fen ls Dofgkfj/M sf7df8f}+sf] gofFafg]Zj/l:yt s]lNeg 6«feN;df ;LcfO{aLn] 5fkf dfbf{ e]l6Psf /fxbfgLsf] rfª .


/fhgLlt k|wfgdGqL

:jefj} hG* cfTds]lGb|t, c¿nfO{ guGg], cfnf]rgf ;'Gg} g;Sg], rsf{] k|ltlqmof lbOxfNg] / c;Lldt dxŒjfsf+IfL :jefj afa'/fdsf] k'/fg} ljz]iftf xf] .

;'jf; b]jsf]6f

@)^! df3df ?s'dsf] nfjfªdf ePsf] dfcf]jfbL kf]ln6Ao"/f] a}7sdf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn kIfn] cfnf]rgf ug{

yfn]kl5 cfqmf]lzt ag]sf afa'/fd e§/fO{n] eg]sf lyP, æd}n] Tof] p2]Zon] !$ a'Fb] c;xdlt /fv]s} xf]Og, To:t} nfU5 eg] kf;fª -gGblszf]/ k'g_ oxL+ x'g'x'G5, dnfO{ uf]nL xfg] x'G5 .Æ To;sf] hjfkmdf k'gn] eg]sf lyP, æzxLbx¿sf] /utaf6 k|fKt uf]nL blIf0fkGyLx¿sf nflu vr{ x'Fb}g .Æ

nfjfª a}7ssf ;xefuL tyf afa'/fd;Fu nfdf] ;+ut u/]sf tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLsf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o dl0f yfkf cfkm" ;+s6df k/]sf] dx;"; x'Fbf afa'/fd hlxn] klg ToxL z}nLdf k|:t't x'g] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ . pgsf]

ljZn]if0fdf, …laxf/df h:t} kfFr jif{ dnfO{ ;Qf rnfpg lbg'eof] eg] u/]/ b]vfpg]5', ;lsg eg] uf]nL xfg] x'G5Ú eGg] afa'/fdsf] l6\j6/ cleJolQm ;+s6df k/]sf] dx;"; u/]/ JoQm u/]sf] xtf; dgf]bzf dfq xf] . clxn] qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ g]kfnsf dxf;lrj /x]sf yfkf eG5g\, æ;+s6df k/]/ xtf; ePsf] a]nf c¿n] ;f]r]eGbf km/s / pu| k|ltlqmof lbg] afa'/fdsf] :jefj 5 .Æ

c¿ ;a} sd;n@)@^ ;fnsf] P;Pn;L k/LIffdf af]8{ k|yd ePsf e§/fO{ cfkm"nfO{ k|ltefzfnL dfG5g\ . If]qLo ljsf;df ljBfjfl/lw u/]sf pgdf g]kfnL /fhgLltdf ljBfjfl/lw ug{]x¿ gb]v]kl5 yk

bDe knfPsf] b]lvG5 . df]xgljqmd l;+x g]t[Tjsf] g]skf d;fn x'Fb} @)$* ;fndf pgL bfxfn g]t[Tjsf] g]skf Pstfs]Gb|df ;fd]n ePsf x'g\ . ;lqmo /fhgLltdf nfu]sf] sd ;dod} kf6L{ s]Gb|df k'u]kl5 xf}l;Psf pgdf /fhgLltdf psfnf] nfUg yfn]kl5 cfkm" cAan / c¿ ;a} sd;n eGg] ljrf/ ljZjf;sf] ¿kdf :yflkt x'g k'Uof] .

cWoog ul//xg] /fd|f] afgL ePsf afa'/fddf cfkm" dfq cAan eGg] ;f]rfO ‰flËPsf] k'li6 pgsf n]vx¿n] klg u5{g\ . pgsf n]vx¿df c¿sf nflu …;]tf] lubL 5 eg]Ú, …:j:y lbdfu /x]sf JolQmx¿n]Ú eGg] jfSof+z au|]NtL e]l6G5g\ . c¿ g]tfeGbf pgL w]/} g} cfTds]lGb|t klg 5g\ . pgL c¿sf]

t:jL/x?M ljqmd /fO{


ljrf/nfO{ xQkQ :jLsfg{ ;Sb}gg\, pgnfO{ cfˆg} ;f]r dfq ;xL nfU5 . kf6L{sf a}7sx¿df pgn] af/Daf/ …d}n] g} tkfO{+x¿nfO{ a'‰fpg ;lsgFÚ eGg] jfSo bf]xf]¥ofpg] ;xsdL{x¿ atfpF5g\ . o;n] klg pgdf /x]sf] c¿k|ltsf] b[li6sf]0f :ki6 kf5{ .

kf6L{ cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnn] grfxFbf grfxFb} klg !! ebf} @)^* df k|wfgdGqL aGbf d'n'ssf] kl/l:ylt afa'/fdn] ;f]r] h:t} lyof], pgL ;j{q nf]slk|o lyP . cfkm"nfO{ leGg sfo{sf/L b]vfpg pgn] …d':tfª DofS;Ú uf8L /f]h] . To;n] pgsf] nf]slk|otf j[l4 g} eof], s]xLn] ;:tf] nf]slk|otf sdfpg vf]h]sf] eGb} cfnf]rgf u/] klg . kf6L{df cfnf]rgf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg pgL dfcf]jfbL n8fs"sf] Joj:yfkgdf nfu] . To;a]nf;Dd klg pgsf] nf]slk|otf 36]sf] lyPg . ;+ljwfg gagfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g x'Fb} ubf{ To;nfO{ lj36glt/} 7]Ng] hf]8an u/]kl5 eg] pgsf] nf]slk|otfsf] kf/f] 36\g yfNof] . ljkIfLx¿n] pgsf] 86]/ lj/f]w ug{ yfn] .

!$ h]7df ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g x'Fbf /fhgLlts ;xdlt g} gu/L & d+;L/df csf]{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj u/fpg] 3f]if0ff u/]/ afa'/fdn] cfˆgf] ;Qf nDAofP, t/ o;af6 pgL c‰ PlSng k'u] . lgjf{rg cfof]un] & d+;L/df lgjf{rg x'g g;Sg] ls6fg u/]kl5 afa'/fdn] d'n's;fd' Ifdf dfUg'kb{Yof], t/ To;af/] d'v g} vf]n]gg\ . & d+;L/df klxn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] r'gfj c;kmn ePsf] pNn]v g} gu/L j}zfvdf csf{] r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff u/] . of] sfdn] pgsf] 5lj kftfndf k'¥ofof] .

g]kfnL ;]gfsf s0f{]n s'df/ nfdf a]nfotdf kqmfp k/]sf] b'O{ lbgkl5 kqsf/ 8]s]Gb|/fh yfkf xTofsf cf/f]kLx¿ b}n]vdf ;dfltPb]lv afa'/fd yk ;+s6df 5g\ . nfdf kqmfpn] Psflt/ d'n'sdf b08xLgtf o:t} /x] ;/sf/L clwsf/L / cfˆg} kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ ljb]z ghfFbf x'g] hgfp lbPsf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ b}n]vsf cf/f]kLx¿nfO{ g5'6fpFbf cfkm";lxt kf6L{sf c¿ g]tf÷sfo{stf{nfO{ sfg"gsf] oxL 8f]/Ln] ntfg]{ l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] 5 . oxL kl/aGbsf sf/0f afa'/fdn] kqsf/ yfkf xTofsf cleo'Qmx¿nfO{ d'2f grnfpg k|wfgdGqLsf] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ v'n]cfd k|of]u u/], h;n] pgsf] 5lj …vngfosÚ sf] :t/df k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

kqsf/ 8]s]Gb|/fh yfkf xTofsf cleo'Qmx¿nfO{ sfg"gsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg'k5{ eGb} cfGbf]lnt b}n]v lhNnfaf6 ^ df3df ;/sf/ lj?4 cfGbf]ng z'¿ ePsf] 3f]if0ff ubf{ g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf Pdfn] nufot ljkIfL bnx¿n] To;nfO{ ToxfFsf afl;Gbf / sfo{stf{x¿n] Tof] ¿kdf cfTd;ft unf{g\ eg]/ zfob} ;f]r]sf lyP . t/, !) df3df k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L / jfO{;LPn nufotsf Pdfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿sf] k|lt/f]w ub{} b}n]vjf;Ln] ljzfn k|bz{g u/] . k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{ / Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnsf] cf8 kfPsf jfO{;LPn / /fHo;+oGqsf] k|lt/f]w ubf{sf] kl/0ffddf Ps bh{g sfo{stf{ / :yfgLojf;L 3fOt] eP, @@ ;~rf/sdL{n] b}n]v 5f8\g' k¥of] .

To; 36gfkl5 cfGbf]ng/t ljkIfLx¿ yk cfGbf]lnt aGg] cg'dfg ljk/Lt ;':tfP ‰}+ b]lvPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] !@ df3df b]zJofkL k|bz{g u/] klg To;n] cfGbf]ngsf] ‰Nsf] lbg ;s]g . To;kl5 klg ljkIfLx¿n] s'g} ultnf] sfo{qmd /fv]sf 5}gg\, @^ df3df /fhwfgLdf …a[xt\ k|bz{gÚ ug{] afx]s . ljkIfL cfGbf]ngsf] ult b]v]/ b}n]vaf6 z'¿ ePsf] cfGbf]ng ToxL jl/kl/ lanfpg] cfz+sf klg ug{ yflnPsf] 5, ljkIfL bnx¿n] k|rf/fTds r/0fdf /x]sf] atfP klg .

bnx¿sf] ljZn]if0fdf cfGbf]ng ;f]r]eGbf k|efjsf/L b]lvPsf] 5 / !@ df3sf] klxnf] k|bz{gd} hgtf / sfo{stf{n] pNn]vgLo ;xeflutf hgfPsf 5g\ . bf]nvfdf Pdfcf]jfbL lhNnf clwj]zgsf] lbg ePsf] ljkIfL sfo{stf{sf] k|bz{gnfO{ pbfx/0f lbb} Pdfn] k|rf/ ljefu k|d'v k|bLk 1jfnL eG5g\, æPdfcf]jfbL wDsLsf afah"b ToxfF / b]z}el/ ePsf] k|bz{gdf hgtf / sfo{stf{x¿sf] ;xeflutfaf6 xfdL pT;flxt 5f}+, 5nkmn u/]/ c¿ sfo{qmdx¿ l5§} Nofpg] 5f}+ .Æ

x'g t, @)$^ / @)^@÷^# sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ;'?cftdf klg oL bnx¿n] hg;xeflutf h'6fpg g;Sbf cfnf]rgf v]k]s} lyP . cfGbf]ngsf gf/fx¿ vfl/+b} uPkl5 tyf ;Qf bdgdf pqg yfn]kl5 dfq To;a]nfsf cfGbf]ngdf ;xeflutf a9]sf] lyof] . t/, tL cfGbf]ngdf h:t} clxn] klg ljkIfL bnn] cfGbf]ngsf dfu ;/sf/ k|flKtsf nflu dfq geP/, nf]stflGqs Joj:yfsf nflu xf] eGg] k'li6 eg] ug{'kg{]5 . To;sf nflu ljkIfLx¿n] cfGbf]ngsf] nIo ls6fg ug{';Fu} /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj, Tof] ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg;ef jf ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg ug{] Uof/]06L tyf gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{] ;'lglZrttf;lxtsf] :ki6 dfu{lrq Nofpg h?/L 5 .

cfd dflg;n] a'´g ;Sg] efiffdf tL ljifo :ki6 ug{ g;Sg] xf] eg] ljkIfL cfGbf]ng cfnf]rsx¿n] eg] h:t} b}n]vsf] rf}x2Laf6 aflx/ gcfpg klg ;S5 .

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…b}n]vL lg:;fl;P xf]nfg\Ú;'/Iff gePkl5 ;'v{]t lj:yflkt ePsf b}n]vsf kqsf/ lhNnfjf;Lsf nflu lrlGtt 5g\ .

!) df3df Pdfcf]jfbL lhNnf clwj]zg pb\3f6g ug{ x]lnsK6/af6 b}n]v k'u]sf k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{, pk–k|wfgdGqL gf/fo0fsfhL >]i7 / Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfns} ;fd'Gg] Pdfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ / jfO{;LPnaf6 Hofg dfg{] wDsL kfPkl5 lhNnf 5f8]sf @@ kqsf/ ;'v{]td} 5g\ . 3/ / sfd 5f8]/ ;'v{]tdf lj:yflkt eP klg pgLx¿n] ;'/lIft dx;"; ug{ eg] ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o;sf] k|d'v sf/0f xf], b}n]vdf wDsL lbg] k|tfk kf}8]n;lxtsf Pdfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ ;'v{]ts} lyP / clxn] pgLx¿ klg ToxL+ 5g\ .

bnsf sfo{stf{aLr le8Gt eO/x]sf] a]nf b}n]v k'u]sf kf}8]n g]t[Tjsf] Pdfcf]jfbL 6f]nLn] !) hgf kqsf/nfO{ 8]s]Gb| yfkf agfOlbg] wDsL lbPsf] !) ldg]6leq} …t];|f] cfFvfÚ b}lgssf] sfof{nodf tf]8kmf]8 ePsf] lyof] . Tof] 36gfn] kqsf/x¿nfO{ cftlÍt agfof] . Pdfcf]jfbL 6f]nL Toltd} ;Lldt ePgg\, kqsf/ vf]Hb} xf]6n–xf]6n / 3/–3/} rxf/] . Tof] lbgsf] 36gf ;D‰Fb} kqsf/ dxf;+3 b}n]vsf cWoIf k'is/ yfkf eG5g\, æ!) jif{] ;z:q åGåsf] a]nfeGbf clxn] a9L hf]lvd dx;"; eof] .Æ

b}n]vdf Pdfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ / kqsf/aLr ;DaGw lalu|Psf] @)^% ;fndf 8]s]Gb|/fh yfkfsf] zj pTvgg ubf{b]lv g} xf] . åGåsfndf dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/]/ xTof u/]sf yfkfsf] zj gvf]Hg kqsf/x¿nfO{ af/Daf/ r]tfjgL lbOPsf] lyof] . t/, kqsf/x¿sf] k|of;df zj lgsfNg] sfd dfq ePg, xTofdf ;+nUg cleo'Qmx¿ ;dfltP klg . To;kl5 Pdfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] eGg g} yfn]– æo;} h]n hfg] p;} h]n hfg], tLg–rf/ kqsf/nfO{ 7f]s]/} hfg] xf] .Æ

b}n]vsf kqsf/x¿nfO{ nfdf] ;do ;'v{]t a:g ;lhnf] 5}g . ljleGg lhNnfx¿af6 kqsf/x¿n] ;xof]u t k7fPsf 5g\, t/ To;n] k'Ug] cj:yf x'Fb}g . of] ;f:tLdfly Pdfcf]jfbLsf] qf; sfod} 5 . ptf b}n]vdf ;a} ;~rf/dfWod aGb ePsf 5g\ . lj:yflktdWo]sf Ps kqsf/ ;"o{ ljZjsdf{ eG5g\, æ;~rf/dfWod aGb x'Fbf b}n]vL hgtf lg:;fl;P xf]nfg\ .Æ

pgLx¿ l56} lhNnf kms{g rfxG5g\ . o;sf nflu pgLx¿sf] zt{ 5– ;'/Iffsf nflu k|wfgdGqL / u[xdGqLsf] lnlvt k|lta4tf .

tLnf e08f/L, ;'v{]t

…cToGt} dxŒjfsf+IfLÚ nfdf] ;do afa'/fdsf] g]tf /x]sf /fli6«o hgdf]rf{sf cWoIf lrqaxfb'/ s];Lsf cg';f/, pgL cToGt} dxŒjfsf+IfL 5g\ . kb hf]ufpg pgL h] ;'s} ug{ tof/ x'G5g\ . s];Lsf] ljZn]if0fdf, kf6L{df bfxfn hlQsf] ks8 eOlbPsf] eP afa'/fdn] tfgfzfx aGg] cfF6 ug{] lyP, sdhf]/ ePsfn] dfq oltd} cl8Psf x'g\ . k|wfgdGqL eP klg afa'/fdsf] Pdfcf]jfbLdf ks8 lgs} sdhf]/ 5 . @)—@% df3df x]6f}+8fdf x'g] kf6L{sf] ;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] k|ltlglwdf afa'/fd kIfsf @) b]lv @% k|ltzt dfq x'g] 5g\ .

t/, kbk|lt afa'/fdsf] tLj| cf;lQm 5 . @)%) ;fndf tTsfnLg hgdf]rf{sf] cWoIfaf6 pgnfO{ x6fP/ kDkmf e';fnnfO{ NofOFbf …kf6L{af6 labf lnP/ cWoog u5{'Ú eGb} 3'Sof{P/ afa'/fd tLg dxLgfkl5 Tof] kbdf kmls{Psf lyP . @)^! df dfcf]jfbLsf] …;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\Ú sf] k|d'v x'g klg pgn] bfxfn;Fu 7"n} /8fsf] dRrfP . æzflGt jftf{kl5 cGtl/d ;/sf/df hfg] a]nf v8\uaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{nfO{ ef}lts of]hgf / lxl;nf odLnfO{ dlxnf dGqL agfpg] k|:tfj cfpFbf ljZjf; u/]/ of] kf6L{df cfOof], ;f]Rg'knf{ eg]/ afa'/fdn] 3'Sof{PÆ, nfdf] ;do dfcf]jfbLsf] kf]ln6Ao"/f]df /x]sf t/, clxn] 5'§} dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf dft[sf ofbj ;D‰G5g\, ækTgLnfO{ dfnbf/ dGqfno lbnfpg Tolt;Dd eGg'n] g} pgsf] :jefj :ki6 kf5{ .Æ

afa'/fdnfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg dl/d]6]/ nfu]sf ;xsdL{x¿ klg kbk|lt dl/xQ] ug{], cfkm" / kTgLn] s]xL kfP ;a}nfO{ 5f8\g tof/ x'g] pgsf] :jefj;Fu ckl/lrt 5}gg\ . oxL sf/0f k|wfgdGqL eP klg Pdfcf]jfbLdf afa'/fdnfO{ 5f8\g]x¿ al9/x]sf 5g\, ;/sf/L kb kfPsfx¿ dfq pgL;Fu 5g\ . afa'/fdnfO{ nfdf] ;do ;fy–;xof]u lbPsf Pdfcf]jfbLsf Ps hgf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o eG5g\, æpxfFnfO{ cfkm"afx]s c¿ sf]xL 5g\ eGg] nfUb}g, sf]xL x'g\ jf gx'g\ eGg];Fu dtna klg 5}g eg] xfdLn] dfq lsg ;fy lbO/xg] <Æ

s;}sf] lj/f]w ;xg g;Sg], cfqmfds k|ltlqmof hgfOxfNg], cToGt} cfTds]lGb|t, dxŒjfsf+IfL, cfkm"nfO{ dxfg / c¿nfO{ s]xL g7fGg] afa'/fd clxn] d'n'ssf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L 5g\ . of] :jefjn] pgsf] /fhgLlts hLjgnfO{ sxfF k'¥ofpnf eg]/ x]g{ afFsL g} eP klg d'n'snfO{ stf n}hfFb}5g\ eGg] rflx+ b]lv;lsPsf] 5 .

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gofF s]xL x'Fb}g@@ jif{kl5 Pdfcf]jfbLn] ug{ nfu]sf] dxflwj]zg;Fu s]xL kbflwsf/L rog afx]s 7"nf] Ph]08f 5}g .

sDo'lgi6 kf6L {x¿sf dxflwj]zgdf x'g] h:tf] ;}4flGts÷/fhgLlts ax;

gx'g] @)—@% df3df x]6f}+8fdf x'g] Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;ftf} + dxflwj]zgsf] Pp6f k|d'v ljz]iftf x'g]5 . dxflwj]zg cfof]hs ;ldltn] kfl/t u/]sf] cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnsf] ^$ k]h nfdf] /fhgLlts k|ltj]bg g} dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't x'g] PSnf] b:tfj]h x'g]5 . $ c;f/df jl/i7 g]tf df]xg j}Bsf] g]t[Tjdf cnlUuPsf] ;d"xn] g]skf—dfcf]jfbL agfO;s] klg of] dxflwj]zgnfO{ Pdfcf]jfbLn] …Pstf dxflwj]zgÚ eGg' csf{] ljz]iftf x'g]5 .

gf/fo0fsfhL >]i7 g]t[Tjsf] Pstfs]Gb|;Fu Pstfkl5sf] klxnf] dxflwj]zg ePsfn] …PstfÚ zAb hf]8\g'k/]sf] Pdfcf]jfbLsf] ts{ 5 . j}B ;d"x rf]Ol6Pkl5 sdhf]/ ePsf] l:yltdf ;}4flGts÷/fhgLlts ax;÷5nkmn x'Fbf kf6L{ km]l/ km'6\g ;Sg] x'Fbf ;'lgof]lht ¿kdf jfbljjfbnfO{ 6fg{ vf]lhPsf] a'́ g ;lsG5, en} Pdfcf]jfbLsf g]tf–sfo{stf{n] of] g:jLsf?g\ .

…gofF 9+usf] kf6L{Údxflwj]zgdf k]z x'g] cWoIf bfxfnsf] k|ltj]bg o;cl3 kf6L{sf ljleGg e]nfx¿df k]z ePeGbf w]/} g/d b]lvG5, …hgljb|f]xÚ zAb k|of]u gePsfn] klg . oBlk, o;df …qmflGtsf] lg0ff{os ljhosf nflu hgtfsf] ljb|f ]xfTds wSsf clgjfo{ x'G5Ú rflx+ elgPs} 5 . Tof] …ljb|f]xfTds wSsfÚ ;z:q x'G5 ls lgz:q < o;df b:tfj]h df}g 5 . bfxfnsf] b:tfj]h ef/taf/] klg o;cl3 h:tf] d'v/ 5}g, vfnL …Psflwsf/ k"FhLjfbLÚ eg]sf] 5 . To;df klg ToxfFsf] ;+:yfkg

…Psflwsf/ k"FhLjfbLÚ xf] jf k"FhLklt ju{, :ki6 5}g .

ef/taf/] bfxfnsf] b:tfj]h g/d x'g'df k|wfgdGqL tyf kf6L{ pkfWoIf afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] k|efj Pp6f sf/0f x'g ;S5 . Pdfcf ]jfbLn] cd]l/sfnfO{ lbg] u/]sf ] …;fd|fHojfbLÚ ljz]if0f eg] sfod} /fv]sf] 5 .

dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't x'g] ljwfg tof/ geP klg clxn]s} cWoIffTds / ax'kbLo k|0ffnL x'g] eg] lglZrt /x]sf] g]tfx¿ atfpF5g\ . Pdfcf]jfbLn] …gofF 9+usf] kf6L{ agfpg]Ú s'/fnfO{ eg] dxflwj]zgsf] Pp6f d'Vo gf/f agfPsf] 5 . To;sf] JofVofdf b:tfj]hn] …qmflGtsf] cfufdL sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{ ;Sg] r':tb'?:t kf6L{ lgdf{0f ug{]Ú eg]sf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s'df/ kf}8]nn] …gofF 9+usf] kf6L{ agfpg' g}Ú dxflwj]zgsf] d'Vo sfo{ef/ /x]sf]df hf]8 lbP . kf}8]n eG5g\, ækf6L{df /fhgLlts ljjfb gePsf]n] dxflwj]zg kf6L{ lgdf{0fd} nfU5 .Æ

…gofF 9+usf] kf6L{ agfpgÚ bfxfnn] g]tfx¿aLrsf] Pstf ;'b[9 kfg{] ;"q k|of]u ug]{5g\ . bfxfnn] b:tfj]hdf Psflt/ clxn] afa'/fd / cfkm"aLr Pstf ePsf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ eg] csf{]lt/ ;'b[9 Pstfsf nflu cfkm", afa'/fd / gf/fo0fsfhLaLr Pstf x'g'kg{]df ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . afa'/fd;Fu a]nfa]nf x'g] u/]sf] cGt/;+3if{sf] :d/0f ub{} bfxfnn] b:tfj]hdf eg]sf 5g\– …Tolta]nf ;+3if{s} aLraf6 ljrf/ / /fhgLlts sfo{lbzfdf h'g Pstf k}bf ePsf] 5, To;nfO{ ljsl;t / ;'b[9 ug{] lhDd]jf/L l;+uf] kf6L{ k+lQmsf] sfFwdf 5 .Ú

n8fO{+ dxf;lrjdfPdfcf]jfbL dxflwj]zgn] lng] lg0f{ox¿af/] 6'+uf] gnflu;s]sf] Pp6f ljifo dxf;lrjsf] xf] . @%)) b]lv #))) k|ltlglw x'g] dxflwj]zgdf bfxfn kIfsf] ̂ % k|ltzteGbf a9L x'g] ePsfn] pgL g} cWoIf x'g] lglZrt 5 . Tof] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu pgn] afa'/fd / gf/fo0fsfhLsf nflu b'O{ pkfWoIf k|:tfj ug]{ g} 5g\ . t/, kf6L{ dxf;lrjsf nflu b'O{ pDd]bjf/ 5g\– kf]i6axfb'/ af]u6L / s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f .

ljb|f]xsfnb]lv g} b'j} dfcf]jfbLdf eP klg af]u6L / dx/fsf] k[i7e"ld÷Oltxf; s]xL km/s 5 . cf}krfl/s lzIff glnPsf g'jfsf]6sf af]u6L k+rfotsfnd} dfcf]jfbLsf] k"j{?k dzfnsf] s]Gb|df lyP eg] lj1fgdf :gfts dx/f @)$* ;fndf /f]Nkfaf6 k|ltlglw;ef ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g'cl3 lzIfs lyP . dx/fn] ljb|f ]xsfnel/ bfxfn;Fu} ef/tdf /x]/ ljb]z ljefu ;Dxfn] eg] af]u6L klZrd sdf08sf] OGrfh{ /x] . b'j} bfxfn lgs6 /x] klg af]u6Ln] OdfGbf/ 5lj agfPsf 5g\ eg] dx/f …ultzLnÚ dflgG5g\ . dx/f dxf;lrj ag] af]u6L pkfWoIf x'g] ;Defjgf 5 eg] af]u6L dxf;lrj ag] dx/fn] ;lrjd} lrQ a'‰fpg'kg{] x'g;S5 .

dxflwj]zgn] 6'+uf] nufpg'kg{] csf{] ljifo ;lrjx¿sf] rog klg xf], h;df 6f]kaxfb'/ /fodf‰L, jif{dfg k'g, lul//fhdl0f kf]v/]n / xl/af]n uh'/]n k|lt:kwL{ 5g\ . oL kb;Fu} dxflwj]zgn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt klg rog ug{]5, h;sf] cfsf/ to ePsf] 5}g .

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l6Kk0fLk'?iff]Qd bfxfn

bfj]bf/L 5f]8]/ cfGbf]ng

d'Vo ljkIfLx¿ dfq xf]Og ;Qf?9 36s ;d]t olta]nf cfGbf]ngsf] tof/Ldf 5 . sf+u|]; / Pdfn];lxtsf ljkIfLx¿n]

ttfpg nfu]sf] tfjfdf ;Qf?9 dw]zL 36sx¿ :jfy{sf] /f]6L ;]Sg] tof/Ldf 5g\ . ;Qfwf/L dw]zL df]rf{sf ;+of]hs ;d]t /x]sf pkk|wfgdGqL ljhos'df/ uR5bf/n] ;/sf/n] k"j{ ;xdlt sfof{Gjog gu/]sf] eGb} cfGbf]ng ug]{ r]tfjgL lbP/ g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] lgn{Hh rl/q k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . x'g t ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj u/]sf] dfcf]jfbLn] ;d]t ;8s cfGbf]ng ug]{ pb\3f]if ul//x]sf]n] lgn{Hhtfsf] k/fsfi7f ;Ldfaf/] cg'dfg ug{ ufx|f] 5 . e§/fO{nfO{{ sfFwdf af]s]/ ;Qfdf k'¥ofPsf] bfaL ug]{ uR5bf/ clxn] e§/fO{sf] /fhgLlts cj;fg x'g] ;+s]t kl5 …o" 6g{Ú sf] dgl:yltdf k'u]sf 5g\ . x'g t @)$* kl5 nuftf/ ;Qfdf /x]sf uR5bf/ / pgsf] k|j[lQaf6 of]eGbf a9L ck]Iff ug'{ /fhgLlts ;Eotf ljk/Lt x'g]5 .

cfGbf]ngsf] l‰Nsf];fg} eP klg ljkIfLx¿af6 cfGbf]ngsf] l‰Nsf] p7]sf] 5 . t/ !) df3df b}n]v ;b/d'sfddf dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn / k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{ lj?4sf] k|bz{g / To;kl5 pTkGg kl/l:yltsf sf/0f /fhgLlt d'7e]8df hfg ;Sg] cfsng ug{ ;lsG5 . Gofo dfUg cfPsf hgtfnfO{ …u'08fÚ sf] pkflw le/fPsf 5g\ cWoIf bfxfnn] . cfd gful/snfO{ o;/L ckdflgt ug]{ clwsf/ s;}nfO{ klg 5}g . ljkIfL bnsf g]tfx¿, ;~rf/sdL{ / cGo ;d'bfosf] cfu|xsf] a]jf:tf ub}{ k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{ lgof]lht le8Gtsf] /0fgLlt cg'?k b}n]v k'u]sf lyP . le8Gtkl5 kqsf/ 8]s]Gb| yfkfsf cleo'Qmx¿nfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;lqmo k|x/L clws[tx¿;lxt k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ lkmtf{ af]nfpg'af6 le8Gt rfx]sf] k|i6 x'G5 .

cfGbf]ngsf] l‰Nsf] lkmn'Ëf] aGb} 89]nf]df kl/0ft x'Fb}5 . l;l/ofsf /fi6«klt a;/ cn c;bs} z}nLdf g]kfndf hgtflj?4 cfqmfds sf/afxL ug]{ / ;Qf hf]ufpg] Wo]o k|wfgdGqL / pgsf cksd{nfO{ sfFw yflk/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] g;f]r] klg x'G5 . To;sf] ;fgf] 6«]n/ b}n]vjf;Ln] b]vfPsf 5g\ . kqsf/ yfkfsf xTof/fx¿n] k|zf;g;dIf cfTd;dk{0f ul/;s]kl5 k|wfgdGqL / pgsf sfg"gL ;Nnfxsf/n] lbPsf] cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/sf l;4fGt lj/f]wL cfb]zaf6 l;+uf] b]z ddf{xt / qm""4 ePsf] 5 .

k|d'v ljkIfLx¿sf] cfGbf]ng / dfgjclwsf/sf] k|Zgaf6

pTkGg kl/l:yltsf sf/0f ljeflht dfcf]jfbLnfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf pleg] cj;/ lbg ;S5 . k|ltkIfLx¿;Fu no ldnfpFb} 8f= e§/fO{nfO{ ;QfRo"t ug]{ df]xg j}B g]t[Tjsf] dfcf]jfbL olta]nf låcyL{ efiff k|of]u ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . Pdfcf]jfbLn] klg sf+u|]; jf Pdfn] eGbf j}BnfO{ glhssf] ldq cg'ej ul//x]sf] 5 . xfn} ;DkGg j}B kIfsf] dxflwj]zg lkmSsf / lg?2]Zo ePsf] tYo j}B ;dy{s n]vsx¿n] k|:t't ul//x]sfn] ef]lnsf lbgdf jfdb]jsf] cj:yf gxf];\ eGg]tkm{ ;r]t j}Bn] lgjf{rgcl3 g} PsLs/0f k|:tfj gNofpnfg\ eGg ;ls+b}g .

bfj]bf/L kl/TofQm cfGbf]nglg/+s'ztf lj/f]wL cfGbf]ng ;zQm u/fpg k|wfgdGqLsf nflu sf+u|];åf/f k|:tfljt ;efkltsf] gfpF lkmtf{ u/]sf] 3f]if0ff ug'{kb{5 . sf]O/fnfsf nflu k|wfgdGqL kb ls:tLdf ;hfP/ lbgs} nflu hgtf ;8sdf plqg] ;+efjgf 5}g . @)^@ sf] cj:yf leGg lyof] . ljut h]–h:tf eP klg lul/hfk|;fbsf] JolQmTjn] cfGbf]ngdf cfzf / e/f];fsf ;fy prfO agfPsf] lyof] . ;z:q lx+;fdf ;lqmo dfcf]jfbLaf6 eoeLt dfgl;stfn] cfGbf]ngdf pmhf{ yk]sf] lyof] . /fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] dxŒjfsf+Iffn] cfuf]df l3p yk]sf] lyof] . /fhf 1fg]Gb| h:t} e§/fO{ ;/sf/ nf]stGqlj?4 lg/+s'ztfsf] af6f]df cu|;/ 5 . cfkm" ;d|f6 czf]s h:tf] ePsf] e§/fO{ jf0fL tyf uf}td a'4 / ufGwLdfu{sf] klys ePsf] cWoIf bfxfnsf] nf]s xF;fpg] egfOn] dfcf]jfbLsf] lg/+s'z nIonfO{ lgif]w u/]sf

5}gg\ . czf]s jf a'4 / ufGwLsf] kbdfuL{ x'g ljutsf ofjt lx+;fTds s'sd{sf] ;fj{hlgs Ifdfofrgf ug]{ tyf lxhf]sf s'g} klg cksd{k|lt bl08t x'g tof/ ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ lxDdt /fVg ;Sg'kb{5 . sdhf]/ k|ltkIf / cfGbf]ngsf] d"8df g/x]sf] cfd ;f]rnfO{ cfGbf]ngsf] /fk / kl/jt{gsf] wf/df ;d]6\gsf nflu of] cfGbf]ng geO{ l;4fGtsf nflu ePsf] ljZjf; lbg' cfjZos 5 . Pdfn], sf+u|];;lxt cfGbf]ngdf hfg tof/x¿n] cfˆgf] pDd]bjf/L bfjL kl/Tofu ug'{ dfq xf]Og :jo+ cfkm";Fu ;xdlt u/]/ sfof{Gjog x'g g;s]sf] cg'ej ug]{ / cfGbf]ngsf] aN5L yfKg pT;'s ;Qf?9 dw]zL 36sn] klg g}ltstf 5 eg] klxn] ;Qfsf] rf:gLaf6 aflx/ cfpg ;Sg'kb{5 . kbdf a:g] / cfGbf]ngsf] gf/f p/fNg] cyjf s;}nfO{ kbf;Lg u/fpg dfq x'g] cfGbf]ngsf] s'g} cy{ /xFb}g .

lg/+s'ztf lj/f]wL cfGbf]ng ;zQm kfg{ sf+u|];n] k|wfgdGqLsf] bfj]bf/L 5f]8\g'k5{ .

lanfz /fO{


l/kf]6{ c/fhstf

lxl;nfsf] rlt{snf

dGqL x'Fbf sldzg / gftfjfbdf abgfd k|wfgdGqL kTgL lxl;nf odL clxn] afn'jf6f/sf] k|efj k|of]u ub}{ ltg} k|s/0fnfO{ bf]xf]¥ofO/x]sL 5g\ .

;Gt ufxf du/ / /d]z s'df/

k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{n] uPsf] # k';df u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf]

lh1f;f lxl;nf odLsf] clgoldttfx¿df s]lGb|t x'g k'Uof] . clg lbSs ePsf k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{n] eg], æTof] s'/f gsf]6\ofcf}+, To;nfO{ gprfnf} +, clxn]nfO{ 5f]8f} + .Æ

t/, !& k'; @)^( df k|d kTgL lxl;nfsf] gfd} ls6]/ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]udf ph'/L k¥of] . To;df elgPsf] 5– …sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t s]bf/axfb'/ clwsf/Ln] lxl;nf odLsf] 7f8f] lgb]{zgdf :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g @)%%, cfly{s k|zf;g lgodfjnL @)^$ / ;fj{hlgs v/Lb P]g @)^# sf sfg"gL Joj:yfx¿sf] pNn+3g u/L dxfgu/kflnsfsf] sf7df8f}+ 6fj/ agfpg] 6]08/df Jofks wfFwnL u/]/ caf}+{sf] xflggf]S;fgL u/]sf 5g\ .Ú @# k';df dxfgu/kflnsfsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] k|d kTgLn] k};f lnP/ ljleGg 6]08/ lbnfPsf] eGb} clVtof/df csf]{ ph'/L xfn] . Ps k"j{ ;lrjsf] egfOdf, clVtof/n] :jtGqtfk"j{s sfd u¥of] of ug{ kfof] eg] lxl;nfn] ca h]n hfg'kg]{ x'g ;S5 . e§/fO{ dlGqkl/ifb\df /lx;s]sL g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sL cWoIf ;l/tf lu/L elG5g\, ælxl;nfn] k};f p7fpg] Rofgnaf/] k|wfgdGqL klg cgle1 5}gg\ .Æ

k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf] k|efj b'?kof]u ub}{ k};f sdfpg lxl;nf slt;Dd nfu]sL 5g\ eg] pgs} lrQ a'‰fpg g;Sbf s]zj :yflktn] sf7df8f}+ pkTosf ljsf; k|flws/0fsf] k|d'v cfo'Qmaf6 aflxl/g'k/]sf] ;|f]t atfpF5 . …sf7df8f}+sf] ljsf;sf nfluÚ k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{n] lgo'Qm u/]sf :yflktnfO{ sflGtkydf aGg nfu]sf] kfFrtf/] xf]6nnfO{ dlGqkl/ifb\af6 cg'dlt lbnfpFbf lxl;nfn] sldzg gkfpFbf :yflkt $ df3df k|flws/0faf6 lj:yflkt

ePsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . ut j}zfvdf k|d'v cfo'Qm agfOPsf :yflktn] ;fpgdf lxl;nfsf ;xof]uL hfg'sf kf}8]nnfO{ k|flws/0faf6 lkmgNof08 e|d0fdf gk7fPkl5 ;DaGw lau|g yfn]sf] lyof] . ltxf/df tLg} kf}8]nn] …e}nf] v]Ng cfpF5f}+, @$ nfvsf] aGbf]a:t ug'{xf]nfÚ eGb} kmf]g u/]sf] t/, cfkm"n] Tof] klg ug{


g;Sg] atfPkl5 …;f/f s'/f 8fdf8f]nÚ ePsf] :yflkt atfpF5g\ .

To;kl5 e§/fO{n] u7g u/]sf] 5fglag ;ldltdf ;+of]hs agfOPsf k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf ;lrj s[i0fxl/ afF:sf]6fn] :yflktnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ …cof]Uo n8fs"nfO{ /sd afF8\g gdfg]sf]n] cy{af6 d kmflnPF, ca tkfO{+sf] kfnf]Ú eg]sf] :yflkt lgs6 ;|f]t atfpF5 . oBlk, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] !@ df3sf] cfb]zaf6 :yflkt k|flws/0f k|d'vdf k'gj{xfnL ePsf 5g\ .

c3f]lift dGqL dGqfnox¿df k|d kTgLsf] babaf o:tf] 5 ls uPsf] @ c;f]hdf rGb|b]j hf]zL lxl;nfs} sf/0f e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf

dGqLaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg afWo eP . dGqL hf]zLn] ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]u k'gu{7g ug]{ tof/L ul//x]s} a]nf odLn] cfof]udf a:g rfxg] e"–dflkmofx¿;Fu k};f p7fpg yfn]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 /fhLgfdf lbPsf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . lxl;nfn] dlGqkl/ifb\af6 afnfh'kfs{sf] hldgdf a:tL a;fpg] lg0f{o u/fPsf]df klg hf]zL c;Gt'i6 lyP . g]skf ;+o'Qmsf cWoIf /x]sf hf]zLn] lxdfn ;Fu eg], æck/fwsf] g}lts ;fIfL aGg'x'Fb}g eg]/ /fhLgfdf lbPF .Æ

;l/tf lu/LnfO{ klg lxl;nf;Fu tfnd]n ldnfpg g;s]s} sf/0f >d tyf oftfoft Joj:yf dGqLaf6 x6fOPsf] atfOG5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefusf dxflgb]{zs k"0f{rGb| e§/fO{nfO{ ;?jf u/]kl5 lu/L–lxl;nf a]d]nn] rsf]{ ¿k lnPsf] lyof] . % r}t @)^* df odL, tTsfnLg :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL 6f]kaxfb'/ /fodf‰L / ;?jfdf k/]sf e§/fO{n] afn'jf6f/df 5nkmn u/]/ lu/LnfO{ h;/L klg x6fpg] of]hgf agfPsf] ;|f]t atfpF5 . e§/fO{nfO{ ;?jf u/]/ >d dGqfno cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿af6 eO/x]sf] sdfOdf cj/f]w k'¥ofPsf]n] odL lu/L;Fu cfqmf]lzt ag]sf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu ;|f]t atfpF5 .

dGqfnox¿df kTgLsf] rnv]n b]Vbfb]Vb} k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{n] gf} j6f dGqfno cfkm";Fu /fVg'sf] sf/0f ;xh} a'́ g ;lsg] gfd pNn]v ug{ grfxg] Ps ;lrj atfpF5g\ . tL ;lrjsf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL;Fu /x]sf dWo] zx/L ljsf;, pmhf{, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{, :yfgLo ljsf; h:tf dGqfnodf odLsf] a9L ?lr 5 . ut h]7df 5'§} zx/L ljsf; dGqfno agfOFbf o;nfO{ oftfoftdf hf]8\g lxl;nfn] u/]sf] nlaªnfO{ oftfoftnfO{ 5'6\ofpFbf ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqfnodf ;8s dfq /xg] / Tof] cj:yfdf u7aGwgaf6} x6\g] ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqL x[bo]z lqkf7Lsf] wDsLn] c;kmn kf/]sf] lyof] . To;a]nf lxl;nf zx/L ljsf;df cfkm"n] rfx]sf ;lrj lszf]/ yfkfnfO{ n}hfg ;kmn eOg\ .

pmhf{ dGqfnodf klg lxl;nfn] rfx]s} ;lrj 5g\, xl//fd sf]O/fnf . @)^$ df ef}lts of]hgf dGqL x'Fbf lxl;nfn] ;'dg zdf{nfO{ x6fP/ sf]O/fnfnfO{ d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs agfPsL lyOg\ . pmhf{ ;lrj ePkl5 sf]O/fnfn] u/]sf] @!^ d]ufjf6sf] lqz"nL—! sf] cg'dltkq …g]kfn OghL{ P08 jf6/ sDkgLÚ af6 vf];]/ cfO{8LP; OghL{ k|f=ln=nfO{ lbnfP/ k|d kTgLnfO{ v'zL kfg] { k|of; eg] PlzofnL ljsf; AofÍ -P8LaL_nufotsf bftfx¿sf] bafan] ;kmn x'g ;s]g . @) k|ltzt lgdf{0f ;lsPsf] ̂ ) d]ufjf6sf] dflyNnf] lqz"nL– # …PÚ nfO{ () d]ufjf6df k'¥ofpg] …rfOgf u]h'jf u|''k sDkgL lnld6]8 -;LhLhL;L_Ú sf] k|:tfj dlGqkl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t u/fpg eg] lxl;nf ;kmn ePsf] afn'jf6f/ ;|f]t atfpF5 .

t/, o;af/] clGtd lg0f{o lng] clVtof/ k|flws/0fn] g} kfPsf]n] lxl;nfsf] Wofg :jfefljs ¿kdf k|flws/0flt/ df]l8Psf] 5 . lxl;nfn] k|flws/0faf6 klg cg's"n lg0f{o u/fpg ;lsg\ eg] bLks e§ / ;'zLn e§ g]kfnL Ph]G6 /x]sf] ;LhLhL;Ln] k|flws/0faf6 yk ?=$ ca{ kfpg]5 / pgn] sldzg . lqz"nL– # …PÚ Ifdtf a9fpg] kIfdf g/x]sf k|flws/0f ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf d'Vo;lrj nLnfdl0f kf}8]n / ;~rfns 8f= s[i0fk|;fb b'nfndWo] b'nfnnfO{ k|wfgdGqLn] k|flws/0f af]8{af6 x6fO;s]sf 5g\ . yd{n KnfG6 agfpg] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] lg0f{onfO{ klg k|flws/0fn] pN6\ofPsf] lyof] . Ps jif{leq @)) d]ufjf6sf] l8hn KnfG6 agfpgsf nflu tTsfn *) d]ufjf6sf] KnfG6 /fVg ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] af]nkq cfXjfg u/]sf] cj:yfdf k|flws/0f ;~rfns ;ldltn] l8hn KnfG6 gNofpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] .

dLg/Tg ah|frfo{


/ klg, k|wfgdGqLsf] bafakl5 k|flws/0fn] l8hn KnfG6sf] tof/L yfn]sf] ;|f]t atfpF5 . *) d]ufjf6sf] l8hn KnfG6 h8fg ubf{ nfUg] ?=* ca{sf] sldzgdf odLn] cTolws rf;f] b]vfPsf] ;|f]t atfpF5 . t/, o;sf] lj/f]wdf k|flws/0fsf 6«]8 o'lgogx¿b]lv k"j{ cy{dGqL / hn;|f]t tyf pmhf{ dGqLx¿;Dd plePsf

5g\ . æt/ klg odLn] x/]; vfPsL 5}gg\Æ, pmhf{sf Ps ;x;lrj eG5g\, æk|wfgdGqLsf] k|efj k|of]u u/]/ dGqfnox¿sf kmfOn ;d]t l‰sfP/ x]g]{ odLn] kf;f kN6fpg ;lS5g\ .Æ

gftfuf]tfsf] nfOg lxl;nfn] v'nf k|lt:kwf{af6 cfPsf k|ofunfn hf]zLnfO{ x6fP/ @@ d+;L/df cfˆgL lbbL ltldnfnfO{ zx/L ljsf; dGqfnocGtu{tsf] sf7df8f } + pkTosf vfg]kfgL lnld6]8 -s]o"s]Pn_ sf] cWoIf agfOg\ . hf]zLnfO{ :jtGq ;+rfnsaf6 ;d]t x6fP/ lxl;nfn] cfkmGt 1fg]Gb| t'nfw/nfO{ NofOg\ . o;qmddf pgn] s]o"s]Pndf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf, nlntk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf / dWok'/ l7dL gu/kflnsfsf k|ltlglwx¿ ;d]t km]/]sL lyOg\ . s]o"s]Pnsf] lgo'lQmdf dfq x}g, ydf}tLdf klg lxl;nfn] zlQmsf] b'?kof]u u/]sL 5g\ . pgn] pd]/ xbsf sf/0f clgjfo{ cjsfzdf hfg nfu]sf z}lIfs of]Uotf / gful/stfdf tLgy/L hGdldlt ePsf jl/i7 k|aGws rGb|nfn gsdL{nfO{ Dofb ykfPsL 5g\ .

u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ sf]if

ljsf; ;ldlt -kmG8 af]8{_ sf] ;~rfnsdf dgf]xl/ >]i7 / e"ldgGb b]jsf]6fsf] lgo'lQm klg lxl;nfs} bafadf ePsf] xf] . lxl;nf ef}lts dGqL x'Fbf uf]/vfsf b]jsf]6f :jsLo ;lrj lyP . ko6{g dGqL x'Fbf klg lxl;nfn] b]jsf]6fnfO{ gful/s p8\8og k|flws/0fsf] ;~rfns agfPsL lyOg\ . uf]/vfsf xl/ 9sfnnfO{ vfg]kfgL Joj:yfkg af]8{df k'gM cWoIf agfpg] pgsf] k|of; eg] dGqfnosf clwsf/Lx¿sf] c;xdltsf sf/0f /f]lsPsf] 5 . lxl;nfn] lbbL ltldnfnfO{ @)^$ df klg s]o"s]Pnsf] ;b:o, g]kfn OlGhlgol/ª kl/ifb\sf] ;b:o / OlGhlgol/ª cWoog ;+:yfgsf] ;xfos 8Lg agfPsL lyOg\ . To;a]nf pgn] csL{ lbbL lrl/szf]ef tfd|fsf/nfO{ vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg ;~rfns / bfh' ljwfg/TgnfO{ km08 af]8{sf] ;~rfnsdf lgo'Qm u/fOg\ . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;b:odf lgo'Qm u/fPsL csL{ lbbL sof]b]jL kl5 nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] sfo{sf/L cWoIf g} algg\ .

ef}lts of]hgf dGqL x' Fbf lxl;nfn] s]o"s]Pnsf cWoIf agfOPsf uf]/vfsf 8f= nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f kl5 of]hgf cfof]usf ;b:o ag] . clxn] ltg} b]jsf]6fnfO{ hnfzoo'Qm a"9Lu08sL -^)) d]ufjf6sf] ljB't\ cfof]hgf_ ljsf; ;ldltsf] cWoIf agfOPsf] 5 . ?s'd / hfh/sf]6sf] ;Ldfdf aGg] $)) d]ufjf6sf] cfof]hgfdf cfˆgf sfo{stf{ z]/axfb'/ zfxLnfO{ cWoIf agfpg 7"nf] rnv]n u/]sL k|d kTgL lxl;nf clxn] alxgLHjfO{+ 1fg]Gb|/Tg t'nfw/nfO{ ko{6g af]8{sf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t -;LO{cf]_ lgo'Qm ug{ nfluk/]sL 5g\ . pgn] o;cl3 t'nfw/nfO{ ko{6g jif{ sfo{qmd ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;b:o;lrj agfPsL lyOg\ .

cfkmGt 1fg]Gb| t'nfw/

;b:o, s]o"s]Pn

lbbL

ltldnf odL cWoIf, s]o"s]Pn

lbbL lrl/szf]ef tfd|fsf/

;~rfns, vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg

lbbL

sof]b]jL odL sf= cWoIf, nf]s;]jf cfof]u

b]p/fgL b'uf{ e§/fO{

;b:o, u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if

5f]/L dfg'ifL odL

af]8{ ;b:o, lqms]6 ;+3 -lj/f]wkl5 /fhLgfdf_

bfO ljwfg/Tg odL

;b:o, km08 af]8{


l6Kk0fLu'0f/fh n'O{+6]n

cleo'Qmn] pGd'lQm kfpFb}gg\s0f{]n s'df/ nfdfsf] a]nfotdf / kqsf/ 8]s]Gb| yfkfsf] xTofsf cleo'Qmsf] b}n]vdf ePsf] lu/km\tf/Ln] Pp6} ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5, åGåsfnsf gfddf cleo'Qm s;}u/L pDsg kfpFb}gg\ .

s0f]{n nfdfdflysf] sf/afxLn] /fhgLlts g]t[TjnfO{ 7"nf] kf7 eg] kSs} l;sfPsf] x'g'k5{, d'n'sleqsf ;+oGqnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfP/ cleo'Qmx¿nfO{ sf/afxL yflnPsf] eP of] cj:yf cfpg] lyPg eGg] . Pdfcf]jfbL zflGt k|lqmofdf cfPnuQ} ;To tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u :yfkgf u/L åGåsf a]nf ePsf 36gf ;'N‰fpg yfNg'kb{Yof] . t/, Pdfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/n] cfof]usf] u7gdf Wofg lbg' t stf xf] stf, ;jf]{Rr nufot

cbfntn] lbPsf cfb]znfO{ a]jf:tf ul//x] . ToxL sf/0f, ;jf]{Rrn] xTof/f ;fljt u/]sf afns[i0f 9'+u]n,

xTofsf cf/f]kL clUg ;fksf]6f / ;"o{ bf]ª nufot v'n]cfd lx+l8/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ lxhf] ;+ljwfg;efdf lyP, cfh kf6L{sf] lhDd]jf/ kbdf 5g\ . pgLx¿ slxn] k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{ t slxn] Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn;Fu Pp6} d~rdf b]lvG5g\ . o:tf JolQmnfO{ pGd'lQm lbnfP/ /fli6«otf alnof] s;/L x'g ;S5 / xfdL s;/L eGg ;S5f}+ g]kfnLnfO{ g]kfnd} sf/afxL ug{ kfpg'k5{ Û

Gofo dg{ glbg] lhDd]jf/L ;/sf/sf] xf] . t/, d'Vo /fhgLlts zlQm Pdfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/n] g} Tof] lhDd]jf/L kfngf ul//x]sf 5}gg\ . xfdLn] Nofpg vf]h]sf] k|hftGq o:tf] lyPg . t/, of] aLrdf klg cbfntn] bf]ifL 7x/ u/]sf jxfnjfnf dGqL hok|sfzk|;fb u'Ktf h]n hfg' tyf lr/~hLjL jfUn] / v'daxfb'/ v8\sfn] ;hfo ef]Ug'nfO{ ;'vb\ dfGg} k5{ . dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿nfO{ rflx+ /fHosf] sfg"gn] g5'g'nfO{ tTsfnLg b/af/ / /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:o;Fu hf]8]/ klg x]g{ g;lsg] xf]Og . Tof] a]nf b/af/ sfg"geGbf dfly lyof] eg] clxn] dfcf]jfbL To:t} b]lvPsf 5g\ .

b}n]vsf kqsf/ 8]s]Gb|/fh yfkfsf] xTofsf cleo'Qmdfly sf/afxL x'g'k5{ eg]/ cfGbf]ng ug{'kg{] l:ylt cfpg'n] xfd|f] Gofosf] l;ª efFlrO;s]sf] ;+s]t u5{ . xTofsf cleo'Qm k|folZrtsf lglDt h]n hfg tof/ 5g\, t/ ;Qfwf/L dfcf]jfbL To;df 5]saf/ nufO/x]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lj/f]w ug{]nfO{ uf]nL xfGg] cfb]z glbg] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / k|x/L ;?jf ul/Psf 5g\ . To;sf] lj/f]w ug{]x¿nfO{ k|wfgdGqL cf/f]k nufpF5g\– 8n/sf] v]tL . To;f] eP Pdfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] ef?, o'cfg, o'/f] jf o:t} cGo v]tLsf] rflx+ lx;fa x'Gg <

a]nfot k|x/Ln] g]kfnL ;]gfsf s0f]{n s'df/ nfdfnfO{ lu/ˆtf/

u/]kl5 d'n's o;sf] kIf / ljkIfdf ljeflht ePsf] 5 . Psy/Ln] d'n'sdf b08xLgtf df}nfPsfn] of] sf/afxL ePsf] tyf o;n] cfttfoLx¿sf] d'6'df 9\of+u|f] 7f]s]sf] 7fg]sf 5g\ eg] csf{y/Lsf] a'‰fO 5, u/La / sdhf]/ g]kfndf of] k|s/0fdfkm{t wgL a]nfotn] jr{:j yk a9fPsf] 5 .

of] ;Gbe{df d'Vo ljifo xf], 3/leqsf] sfg"gn] b08xLgtfnfO{ pGd'lQm lbof] eg] …ljZj Goflos clwsf/ If]qÚ cyf{t\ …o'lge;{n h'l/l:8S;gÚ cfslif{t x'G5 g} .

s0f]{n nfdfn] ljb]zL e"lddf lu/ˆtf/ eP/ b'Mv kfpg'eGbf cfˆg} e"lddf ;hfo kfpg'kYof{] eGg] /fi6«jfbL efjgfsf] sb/ ug{ ;lsG5 . t/, /fli6«o ;+oGqx¿n] sfd ug{ g;s]sfn] g} of] cj:yf cfPsf] xf] eGg] la;{g'xF'b}g . xfdLsxfF s'g} ljifodf ulxl/P/ cWoog÷cg';Gwfg ug]{ k/Dk/f 5}g . To;}n] x'g'k5{, nfdfsf] lu/ˆtf/Laf/] lrQ a'́ bf ts{ gcfPsf . tyflk g]kfndf sf/afxL ePg eg] cGo b]zsf] sfg"gn] g5f]8\g] /x]5 eGg] ;'vb\ ;Gb]z cfPsf] eg] dfGg} k5{ .

s0f{]n nfdfnfO{ åGåsfndf oftgf lbPsf] cleof]udf sf/afxL z'¿ x'g'n] c¿nfO{ eGbf Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ ‰:sfPsf] b]lvG5 . jf:tjd} nfdf lj?4sf] sf/afxL oftgf tyf xTofdf ;+nUg g]tfx¿sf] 6fpsf]df ‰'l08Psf] t/af/ h:t} vt/gfs 5 . of] t/af/af6 aRg] Pp6} pkfo 5– ck/fwsf] ;hfo oxL+sf] h]ndf ef]Ug' .

g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf -Pdfn]_n] PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf] tfndf tfn ldnfpFb} o;sf] lj/f]w ug{' eg] cfZro{hgs 5 . st} 6fpsfsf] d"No tf]s]sf]df ltdLx¿nfO{ klg ;hfo x'G5 eg]/ dfcf]jfbLn] ysf{P/ kf] pgLx¿n] To:tf] af]n]sf x'g\ ls < oBlk, cgf}krfl/s s'/fsfgLdf pgLx¿ cfˆgf] cfzo cs{} ePsf] atfpg la;{b}gg\ .

jf:tjdf, uNtL ePsf] 5 eg] hf] sf]xLnfO{ sf/afxL x'g'k5{, sf+u|]; x'g\ jf Pdfn] . dfgjclwsf/sf cfwf/e"t dfGotfnfO{ la;]{/ ul/Psf] sfddf s'g} klg a]nf sf/afxL x'g ;S5 eGg] x]Ssf ;a}n] /fVg} k5{ . t/, xltof/ lnP/ lx+8]sf / glx+8]sf aLr km/s x'G5 / b'j}nfO{ Pp6} t/fh'df /fVg'x'Fb}g eGg] klg la;{g'xF'b}g .


cg'e"ltxl/j+z cfrfo{

d}n] h] b]v]+b]zsf ;a} lhNnf k'Ug] dg eP klg xfd|f

sfo{qmd k|foM ;'ud lhNnfd} x'g] / 6Ld;lxt hfg'kg]{ ePsfn] df}sf h'/fpg} ufx|f] lyof] . t/fO{sf k|foM ;a} lhNnf 3'd] klg klZrd kxf8 d]/f] nflu …cgs06f/Ú g} lyof] . o;k6s eg] c5fd, 88]Nw'/f, 8f]6L / b}n]v;Dd k'Ug] clg t/fO{sf klg leqL ufpFx¿;Dd hfg] df}sf ldNof] . klxn]sf ofqf /dfOnf ljifoj:t'df x'Gy]Ù /dfOnf]df kl;GYof], /dfOnf] g} ul/GYof] . o;kflnsf] ofqf eg] ;a} lx;fan] km/s lyof] . xfdL ;d:o} ;d:ofsf ljifoj:t'df k:of}+, ?jfpg] syfleq l5¥of}+ / cfd g]kfnLn] ef]lu/x]sf] oyfy{ af]w u¥of}+ .

qmGbg 5 ufpFdf;'b"/klZrd kxf8df t sNkg} ug{ g;lsg] u/LaL /x]5 . k|fs[lts ;|f]t;fwgn] el/k"0f{ ;'b"/klZrdjf;Ln] ef]Ug' k/]sf] b'Mv b]Vbf dg} /f]of] . g]kfnsf] /fhgLltn] ;'b"/klZrdnfO{ ;"o{ c:tfpg] 7fpFd} ;Lldt u/]sf] :ki6} a'l‰GYof] . To;nfO{ xfdLn] 6LeL Sofd/fdf lvRof}+ . kL/Joyf kf]Vbf s]xL lbG5g\ ls eGg] cfzf hxfF klg b]lvof] . tkfO{+sf ;d:of 6LeLdf b]vfP/ ;/sf/nfO{ 3r3RofpF5f}+ eGg] vf]qmf] cfZjf;g lbg'kbf{ c;fWo kL8f eof] .

cefj / u/LaL cGoq klg gePsf] xf]Og, t/ ;'b"/klZrdsf] ;d:of w]/} eofjx 5 . hGdFb} u'hf/fsf lglDt ef/t hfg] ;kgf b]Vg'kg]{ cj:yf cGoq zfob} xf]nf . cfˆgf] /fhgLlt

rDsfpg ef/t lj/f]wL /fi6«jfb Nofpg] g]tfx¿n] ;'b"/klZrdsf g]kfnLnfO{ ef/tdf cfl>t geP/} lhpg ;Sg] cj:yf agfpg'k5{ eg]/ slxn] ;f]Rnfg\ < cfˆgf gful/snfO{ :jfjnDaL agfpg ;Sg' kf] /fi6«jfb Û ul/vfg] sfd eOlbPsf] eP ;'b"/klZrdjf;L ;a}n] 5f]/f5f]/L k9fpFy], lzlIft x'Gy], clg 5fpk8L h:tf s'/Llt x6]/ hfGy] .

ToxfF s'kf]if0f crfSnL 5, ef]s;Fu} /f]un] ufFh]sf] 5 . cf}iflw pkrf/ ug]{ k};f 5}g . la/fdL kbf{ eujfgn] x]l/lbG5g\ ls eGg] cfzf 5 w]/}df . pgLx¿sf b'O{y/L eujfg 5g\– dlGb/sf] d"lt{ / b]z rnfpg] g]tf . bf];|f] vfn] eujfgx¿ slxn]sfxL+ lhNnfdf ‰'lNsG5g\, t/ s]xL ub}{gg\ . b'j}y/L eujfgn] gx]/]sf] hgtfsf] u'gf;f] 5 . åGådf afa'cfdf u'dfPsf afnaflnsf oxL If]qdf w]/} 5g\ . To;} t o:tf] lahf]u, To;dfly 6'x'/f afnaflnsf . sNkgf ug{ g;lsg] lgolt ef]lu/x]sf afnaflnsfsf syf–Joyf ;'Gbf dg yfDg} ;ls+b}g .

t/fO{df cln k9fn]vf / ldl8ofdf kx'Fr ePsf sltkon] …dw]z cfGbf]ngdf tkfO{+x¿sf] g}lts ;dy{g lyof]Ú eg]/ ;Ddfgefj k|s6 u/], t/ b"/b/fhsf 5fk|f]df a:g]x¿n] dx hf]8LnfO{ glrGg] /x]5g\ . t/fO{df ljsf; lgdf{0f 7Kk 5, cj;/ s]xL 5}g . kfl/kl§ laxf/df ePsf] ljsf; / To;af6 l;lh{t cj;/ b]v]/ nfnflot x'g] dfG5]x¿ otf To:tf] x'g] 5]s5Gb} gx'Fbf ljNs'n} lg/fz b]lvP . ;'b"/klZrdsf h:t} t/fO{sf b]xftsf gful/sk|lt /fHosf]

snfsf/ xl/j+z cfrfo{ uPsf]

k';df ;'b"/klZrd kxf8sf sGb/fb]lv

k"jL{ t/fO{sf] b]xft;Dd k'u] . dgf]/~hgfTds

sfo{qmd lnP/ b]zofqfdf lg:sg] pgL o; k6s

PG6]gf kmfp08]zg g]kfnsf] 6]lnlehg sfo{qmd …d}n] h] ef]u]+Ú sf]

cGtjf{tf{sf/sf] e"ldsfdf lyP . u/LaL / kL8fdf

8'a]sf afnaflnsfsf] ef]ufO clg ltgsf] ljs/fn

eljioaf/] sfo{qmd pTkfbg ug]{ qmddf pgn] g]kfnsf] jf:tljstfnfO{ glhsaf6 lgofn] . cfdgful/sn]

ef]lu/x]sf ;d:of / ;Defjgfaf/] pgsf]

cfn]vM

ljBfyL{nfO{ ;hfo glbg] eLdkf]v/f, afUn'ªsf] afnd}qL

ljBfnosf lzIfsx¿;Fu .


rf;f]÷lrGtf slQ klg b]lvPg . w]/}h;f] dflg; hLljsfsf] nflu b'O{ tLg s6\7f hldgdf s'6f]–sf]bfnf] ul//x]sf 5g\, g'gt]nsf nflu Hofnfbf/Lsf sfd vf]Hg} kg]{ . pgLx¿sf] lhGbuL o;}u/L lalt/x]sf] 5 . aQL 5}g, kfgL 5}g, /f]huf/L 5}g . of] ;a b]Vbf lrRofpg dg nfU5– /fHo sxfF 5 <

/fhlj/fhdf Ps hgf :yfgLo kqsf/n] kxf8] ;d'bfosf sf]xL dbf{ nfz p7fpg !)–!@ hgf dfG5] kfpg d'lZsn x'g yfn]sf]

;'gfP . dw]z cfGbf]ngkl5 kxf8] ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿ sf7df8f}+, x]6f}+8f, lj/f6gu/ / sf]xL /fhdfu{ pQ/lt/ knfog eP5g\ . cGoq hfg] pkfo gePsfx¿ dfq ToxL+ a;]sf 5g\ . of] cj:yfn] d'n'ssf] /fhgLlt cGt} 8f]l/g yfn]sf] 8/nfUbf] ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 . /fhlj/fhdf kxf8] d"nsf dfG5] kfpg ufx|f] eP klg ahf/df ;a} ;fOgaf]8{ g]kfnL efiffdf 5g\ . k|zf;gn] hah{:tL /fVg nufPsf] xf] ls h:tf] nfu]/ ;f]Wof}+ klg . t/ g]kfnLdf klxnfb]lv n]lv/x]sf], lxGbLdf n]Vg grfx]sf] / d}ynLdf n]Vg clnslt ufx|f] ePsfn] o:tf] ePsf] /x]5 . s'/f ubf{ sltkon] kxf8L d"nsf l5d]sLx¿ kmls{lbP x'GYof], g]tfx¿n] ubf{ uNtL eof] klg eg] .

b"/b/fhsf g]kfnLn] ;/sf/ ePsf] cg'e"lt ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . x'g]vfg]nfO{ ;d:of kbf{

k|zf;g af]lnlbG5, ;fdfGo dfG5]sf nflu u'xf/ dfUg] 7fpF 5}g . cf}iflw lgMz'Ns kfOG5 eg]/ :jf:Yo rf}sL hfFbf ;lsPsf] hjfkm kfpF5g\ . hgtfnfO{ lgMz'Ns afF8\g'kg]{ cf}iflw cGt} nu]/ a]lr+bf] /x]5 . :yfgLo lgsfodf hgk|ltlglw eOlbPsf] eP o:tf] a]lylt sd x'GYof] xf]nf . t/, hgk|ltlglw 5}gg\, ;/sf/n] v6fPsf] ;lrj uflj;df a:b}gg\ .

;Defjgfsf ls/0fclego ubf{ xfdL gSsnL kfq eP/ pleGYof}+ / cfFz' lgsfNg slxn]sfxL+ cfFvfdf lUn;l/g xfNYof}+ . jf:tljs kfqx¿ slt;Dd kL8fdf /x]5g\ eg]– b'O6f k|Zg ;f]Wgf;fy ?g yfNg] . g]kfnLx¿ olt w]/} kL8fdf afFlr/x]sf 5g\ . t/, of] kL8fsf aLrdf klg ;fx; / cfzfsf] pHofnf] 5 . ldl8ofsf] kx'Fr k'u]sf 7fpFsf dfG5]df r]tgf a9]sf] 5 . ljb]z hfg nfu]sf afa'nfO{ 5f]/f5f]/Ln] …k};f lnP/ cfpg g;s] klg PrcfO{eL lnP/ gcfpg';\Ú eGg yfn]]sf 5g\ . PghLcf]x¿sf] ;xof]udf ufpFufpFdf :yfgLo efiffsf ;8s gf6sx¿n] /fd|f] k|efj b]vfO/x]sf] kfOof] . hgsk'/ nufotsf t/fO{ If]qsf hgtf …xfd|f] efiff d}ynL, ef]hk'/L xf], g]tfx¿n] lxGbL af]Ng nufP/ x'G5 <Ú eGb} cf–cfˆgf] efiff ;+/If0fdf nfu]sf 5g\ .

;+;f/ 3'Dbf d}n] a'‰]sf] s] xf] eg] xfd|f] h:tf] ;Defjgf sd} 5 c¿ b]zdf . /fhgLlts cl:y/tfn] dfq g]kfndf ljsf; gePsf] xf] . xfdL;Fu ;u/dfyf, n'lDagL dfq x}g, ckf/ k|fs[lts ;|f]tx¿ 5g\ . xfd|f] b]zsf] e"jgf]6 cfkm}+df 7"nf] ;Defjgf xf] . l5d]sdf rLg / ef/t h:tf ljzfn ahf/ 5g\, g]kfndf sf/vfgf rn] k'U5 . xfd|f l5d]sLn] u/]sf] pGgltsf] k|ltkmn :j?k clxn] xfdLn] nQfsk8f / cGo ;/;fdfg ;:tf]df kfPsf 5f}+ . t/, l5d]sLsf] pGglt / cfˆgf] a]xfn b]Vbf sltko o'jfdf lg/fzf a9]sf] 5 . xfd|f tGg]/Lx¿df dfG5] eP/ afFRg t cd]l/sf, hfkfg, Sofgf8f kf] hfg'kg]{ /x]5 eGg] efjgf knfPsf] 5 . t/, s'/f To;f] xf]Og . /fhgLlts l:y/tf sfod ePsf] s]xL ;dodf g} xfdL cfˆgf] ;|f]t / ;Defjgf kl/rfng u/]/ ;d[l4df k'Ug ;S5f}+ .

clxn]nfO{ /fhgLlts sf/0faf6 hgtfn] ef]lu/x]sf] cfly{s lahf]u g]tfx¿n] a'́ g'k5{ . g]tfx¿ b]zsf nflu gu/L gx'g] k]zfdf x'g'x'G5 . t/, pxfFx¿n] o:tf] 5lj agfpg'ePsf] 5 ls /fhgLlt eg]s} 8s}tL xf] eGg] eO;Sof] . To;sf/0f, g]tfx¿nfO{ d]/f] ;ljgo cg'/f]w 5– ef]lnsf] k':tfnfO{ /fhgLltdf cfpg} cK7\of/f] kfg]{ sfd gul/lbg';\ .

w]/}h;f] dflg; hLljsfsf] nflu b'O{ tLg s6\7f hldgdf

s'6f]–sf]bfnf] ubf{/x]5g\, g'gt]nsf nflu

Hofnfbf/Lsf sfd vf]Hg} kg]{ . pgLx¿sf] lhGbuL o;}u/L rln/x]sf] 5 . aQL 5}g, kfgL 5}g,

/f]huf/L 5}g . of] ;a b]Vbf lrRofpg dg

nfU5– /fHo sxfF 5 <

alb{ofsL Ps d'Qm sd}of;Fu cGtjf{tf{ ln+b} .

;f}hGoM P06]gf kmfp

08]zg g]kfn


l;h{gf

tkfO{+;Fu s'g} gofF Jofj;flos h'lQm 5 eg] %$ 306fleq To;nfO{ d"t{¿k lbg lj1x¿sf] ;xof]u;Fu} pTs[i6 7xl/P k'/:sf/, nufgLstf{ / cfkm}+ Joj;foL x'g] cj;/ kfpg'x'g]5 .

%$ 306fdf !%

8Da/s[i0f >]i7

ljZjsf w]/} b]z / dxfgu/df rn]sf] labfsf] %$ 306fdf gofF–gofF …lalhg]z

cfOl8ofÚ lgsfNg] cgnfOg cleofg …:6f6{ ck ljs]08Ú g]kfndf klg cfOk'u]sf] 5 . b'O{ jif{cl3 cd]l/sfaf6 z'¿ ePsf] of] cleofgn] @)) eGbf a9L b]zdf ;fgf7"nf u/L !) xhf/ sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ ;3fO;s]sf] 5 eg] &% xhf/ pBdL pTkfbg ul/;s]sf] 5 .

k|ljg/fh hf]zL / j[h]Gb| hf]zL lbNnLdf ;DkGg …:6f6{ ck ljs]08Ú df pTs[i6 ePsf] cfOl8ofsf] nflu cfkm"x?n] agfPsf] df]afOn

PlKns]zg b]vfpFb} .

dLg/Tg ah|frfo{

…cfOl8ofÚskm Dofg kmfp08]zgsf] ;xof]udf

:yflkt d'gfkmf/lxt of] cleofg cGtu{t df3sf] bf];|f] ;ftf;Dd ;+;f/e/ &*& …:6f6{ ck ljs]08 Oe]06Ú eO;s]sf 5g\ eg] @*# Oe]06sf] ldlt to ePsf] 5 . ldlt to ePsf] dWo] Pp6f Oe]06 xf]– …:6f6{ ck ljs]08 sf7df8f}+Ú, h'g @^–@* df3df x'Fb}5 . u'un / dfOqmf];ˆ6 h:tf sDkgLx¿n] ;3fO/x]sf]

o:tf …Oe]06Ú df h;n] klg cfˆgf] Jofj;flos of]hgf k|:t't ug{ ;S5g\ .

lzlIft a]/f]huf/sf] ;+Vof al9/x]sf] ;dfhdf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf ug]{ gofF–gofF h'lQm / of]hgfx¿sf] vfFrf] x'G5 . wg x'g];Fu Jofj;flos of]hgf gx'g / nufgL Ifdtf gePsfx¿;Fu pBdzLntfsf cg]s of]hgf To;} ylGs/x]sf x'g;S5g\ .


g]kfndf …:6f6{ ck ljs]08 Oe]06Ú ug{ sl:;Psf k|ljg/fh hf]zL / j[h]Gb| hf]zLsf] …cfOl8ofÚ %–& c;f]hdf ef/tsf] lbNnLdf ePsf] …Oe]06Údf pTs[i6 ePsf] lyof] . KnDa/, On]lS6«l;og, sfk]{06/ nufotdf s]lGb|t …kl/roÚ zLif{ssf] pgLx¿sf] of]hgf

lbNnLdf g]kfnL …cfOl8ofÚ cAan

…Oe]06Ú k|yd ePkl5 o;df b'O{ nufgLstf{n] sDkgL v8f ug{ ?lr b]vfPsf 5g\ . tL nufgLstf{ ;]jfd'vL eP klg t'?Gt}h;f] kmfObf sdfpg yfNg] ePsf]n] cfkm"x¿sf] of]hgfdf nf]lePsf] j[h]Gb|n] atfP .

cfO6L lj1 hf]zLåon] lbNnLsf 3/x¿df sfd kl//xg] KnDa/, On]lS6«l;og / sfk]{06/x¿nfO{ 3/wgLx¿;Fu hf]8\g] ;lhnf] df]afOn PlKns]zg / ;]jfsf] tl/sf tof/ u/]sf lyP . of] …cfOl8ofÚ cg';f/ 3/wgLx¿n] df]afOn of O06/g]6dfkm{t ;Dks{ u/]/ cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf] e/kbf]{ sfdbf/sf] ;]jf lng ;S5g\ . To;afkt sDkgLn] sldzg lnG5 . of] …cfOl8ofÚ pkof]uL x'G5 ls x'Fb}g eg]/ pgLx¿n] %$ 306fleq} lbNnLsf KnDa/, On]lS6«l;og, sfk]{06/ / 3/wgLx¿df ;e]{ u/]sf lyP . ;e]{df ;xefuL sfdbf/x¿n] dWo:ytf ul/lbg] s'g} e/kbf]{ sDkgL eP sdfOsf] s]xL lx:;f sldzg ;lhn} lbg ;lsg] / 3/wgLx¿n] sDkgLdfkm{t cfpg] sfdbf/;Fu a9L 9'Ss x'g ;lsg] atfPsf lyP .

;"rgfk|ljlwn] ;fF3'/f] agfPsf] ljZjdf OG6/g]6af6} yflnPsf] of] cleofgn] ylGsPsf …cfOl8ofÚx¿ sfof{Gjogdf d2t u5{, h;nfO{ ;fOj/ rf}tf/L gfds ;+:yfn] sf7df8f}+ leœofPsf] xf] . k|ljg/fh hf]zL, j[h]Gb| hf]zL, ;'dg zfSo, /lj km'ofn nufotsf] ;d"xn] sf7df8f}+df klxnf] k6s ug{ nfu]sf] …Oe]06Ú df ;xeflutfsf] nflu !# df3;Dddf &@ hgfn] cgnfOg cfj]bg lbO;s]sf 5g\ . of] …Oe]06Ú sf] ;+of]hg ef/tdf o:tf cfof]hgfx¿ ul/;s]sf oltg 7fs'/n] ub}{5g\ .

5gf]6 ljlwhg:t/df gofF Jofj;flos ;f]r ljsf; u/]/ ;dfhsf] ;zlQms/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] …:6f6{ ck ljs]08Ú z'¿ ePsf] xf] . ;ftfe/ sfddf Jo:t x'g]x¿n] labfsf] %$ 306fdf s]xL ;f]r'g\ / ;dfhsf] cfly{s ljsf;df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg\ eGg] of] cleofgsf] ;f]r xf] .

a9Ldf !@% ;xefuL x'g] …:6f6{ ck ljs]08Ú df x/]sn] ^) ;]s]08 af]n]/ jf sf8{ af]8{x¿dfkm{t cfˆgf] …cfOl8ofÚx¿ /fVg'k5{ . To;kl5 ;a} ;xefuLn] ef]6 u/]/ !% j6f /fd|f] …cfOl8ofÚ 5flgG5 . 5flgPsf !% hgfn] cfˆgf] …cfOl8ofÚnfO{ d"t{¿k lbg kfFrb]lv cf7 hgf;Ddsf] 6Ld agfpF5g\ . x/]s 6Ldn] %$ 306fleq To;sf] …js{ KnfgÚ agfP/ sfuhLb]lv

nfO{ k'/:s[t ug'{sf ;fy} sfof{Gjogsf nflu nufgLstf{;Fu dWo:ytf ul/lbG5 .

cfof]hgf vr{ ;xefuLx¿af6} wfGg'kg]{ ePsfn] ;xeflutfsf nflu ?=#%)) k|j]z

lbg]5g\ . o;/L tof/ ePsf] of]hgfsf]] vfsf kfFr–kfFr ldg]6df k|:t't u/]/ tLdWo]af6 k|yd, bf];|f] / t];|f] cyf{t\ …6k y|L cfOl8ofÚ 5flgG5 . cfof]hsn] pTs[i6 of]hgf;lxtsf] …cfOl8ofÚ

z'Ns tf]lsPsf] cfof]hs dWo]sf Ps j[h]Gb| hf]zLn] atfP . o;df ljBfyL{n] %) k|ltzt 5'6 kfpg]5g\ . o;df ;xeflutf a9fpg u'un 8]enk;{ u|'kn] @! k';df lgMz'Ns k|lzIf0f / ;fOj/ rf}tf/Ln] @* k';df …l8hfOg/ js{zkÚ sfo{qmd u/]sf lyP . hf]zL eG5g\, ærf/ dxLgfkl5 kf]v/fdf ko{6g …lydÚdf bf];|f] …:6f6{ ck ljs]08Ú u5f}+{ .Æ

lkmN8 js{ / cg';Gwfg;Ddsf] sfd ;S5 . /fhwfgLsf] aa/dxnl:yt ;fk kmfNrfdf

x'g] …Oe]06Úsf …6k !% cfOl8ofÚ x¿nfO{ clgn lrqsf/, cfz'tf]if ltjf/L, afns[i0f hf]zL, ljwfg /f0ff, ljZjf; 9sfn, pd+u kf08] tyf ef/tsf oltg 7fs'/ / /fx'n zfxL nufot ljleGg If]qsf Ps bh{g lj1x¿n] %$ 306fleq} cfjZos k/fdz{

b'O{ jif{cl3 cd]l/sfaf6 z'¿ePsf] …:6f6{ ck ljs]08Ú cleofgn] @)) eGbf a9L b]zdf ;fgf7"nf u/L !) xhf/ sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ ;3fO;s]sf] 5 eg] &% xhf/ pBdL pTkfbg ul/;s]sf] 5 . x]g{'';\M

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%$ 306] …cfO{l8ofÚ n] @)) eGbf a9L b]zdf ;fgf7"nf u/L !) xhf/ sDkgL :yfkgf / &% xhf/ pBdL pTkfbg ul/;s]sf] 5


l/kf]6{ k|ljlw

cfsif{s / pkof]uLP)*«f]O*

ljZjdf x/]s lbg !) nfv P08«f]O8 l8efO;PlS6e x'G5g\\ .

u0f]z cfrfo{

u'unn] ;g\ @))% df P08«f]O8 skf]{/]zg lsg]/ u/]sf] ;'wf/n] ljZj :df6{kmf]g

ahf/df P08«f]O8 kmf]g / 6\ofAn]6sf] lx:;f ^) k|ltzt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ax'pkof]uL PlKns]zgx¿sf sf/0f ;an ag]sf] P08«f]O8sf] @))( df cfPsf] !=% sks]s e;{gb]lv gf]e]Da/ @)!@ sf] $=@ h]lnlag e;{g;Ddsf s/La ! s/f]8 PlKns]zg Aflg;s]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL :df6{kmf]g ahf/df s;}n] b]z–ljb]zsf /]l8of] ;'Gg kfOg] PlKns]zgdf ljz]if ?lr b]vfPsf 5g\ eg] sf]xL Dofu]lhg kmd]{6sf u'un s/]G6 / lˆnkaf]8{ h:tf PlKns]zgdf ‰'ld/x]sf 5g\ .

P08«f]O8 ck/]l6ª l;:6d ePsf df]afOn kmf]g, 6\ofAn]6, 38L / :df6{ aS;df P08«f]O8 PlKns]zgx¿ rN5g\ . ;of}+ 8n/ kg]{b]lv l;Q}+df kfOg];Ddsf P08«f]O8 PlKns]zgx¿ u'un Kn] :6f]/af6 8fpgnf]8 ug{ ;lsG5 . km];a's, u'un DofK;\, Xjf6\; PkDofg]h/, Pª\u|L a8{;\, o'6\o'a, OG:6fu|fd, 6fOgL ̂ Nof; nfO6 Kn; ln8, 6]Dkn /g, sfsfcf]

6s k|mL sN; P08 6]S:6, KofG8f]/f OG6/g]6 /]l8of]– cflb o:tf PlKns]zg x'g\, hf] u'un Kn] :6f]/af6 %) nfv eGbf a9L k6s 8fpgnf]8 eO;s]sf 5g\ .

clwsf/sdL{ b]j Gof}kfg] cfˆgf] 6\ofAn]6sf] d]g' l:qmgdf $* b]lv &@ 306fdf gofF–gofF PlKns]zgx¿ 8fpgnf]8 eO/xg] atfpF5g\ . g]kfndf klg P08«f]O8 PlKns]zgsf] cfsif{0f al9/x]sf] a'‰fpg Gof}kfg]sf] egfO sfkmL 5 . ;fd;'ª df]afOnsf] laqmL ug{] OG6/g]zgn dfs]{l6ª ;le{;];sf cWoIf lbs]z dNxf]qf klg P08«f]O8df /flvPsf lkmr;{sf sf/0f of] nf]slk|o ePsf] atfpF5g\ . P08«f]O8 PlKns]zG;\ k|of]u ePsf ;fd;'ª :df6{ kmf]gx¿sf] laqmL g]kfndf jif] {lg #% k|ltztn] al9/x]sf] pgsf] cfFs8f 5 . g]kfnL ahf/df ;g\ @)!@ df @ nfv ^) xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf ;fd;'ª df]afOn ;]6 a]r]sf] sDkgLn] of] jif{ s/La $ nfv kmf]g a]Rg] of]hgfdf 5 . æ;:tf]df w]/} ;'ljwf /

l;Q}+df gofF e;{g kfOg] ePsfn] P08«f]O8df pkef]Qmfsf] rfv 5Æ, dNxf]qf eG5g\ .

P08«f]O8df b]jgfu/LP08«f]O8 ck/]l6ª l;:6d ePsf :df6{kmf]g / 6\ofAn]6df gofF k|of]ustf{nfO{ b]jgfu/L lnlkdf k9\g–n]Vg ;d:of x'g ;S5 . t/, kl5Nnf e;{gsf Uofh]6x¿df b]jgfu/Ldf n]Vg'k¥of] eg] s]xL PlKns]zg u'unKn] :6f]/df pknAw 5g\, ;a}sf] k};f ltg'{ klg kb}{g . dN6LlnÍ lsaf]8{ b]jgfu/L 6fOk ug{ ;a}eGbf ;lhnf] PlKns]zg xf] . h'g o;/L ug{ ;lsG5M

• Kn] :6f]/df uP/ dN6LlnÍ lsaf]8{ OG:6n ug]{ .

• OG:6n eO;s]kl5 dlN6lnÍ lsaf]8{ ug]{ .

• To;kl5 lsaf ]8 { ;] l6ª \;df uP/ Nofª\j]h]hdf hfg] / km]l/ cfpg] Eo'df Nofª\j]h]hdf hfg] .

• ToxfF cfpg] efiffx¿df cfjZos efiffsf] r]saS;df l6s nufpg] . g]kfnL efiff ;d]t pknAw 5 .


g]kfndf ?rfOPsf P)*«f]O* PlKns]zg

cd]hgn] pTkfbg u/]sf] lsG8n, lsG8n kmfo/ / lsG8n kmfo/ Pr8Lsf nflu agfOPsf] lsG8n clxn] c¿ P08«f]O8 PlKns]zgdf ;d]t OG:6n x'G5 . ljleGg Dofu]lhg / Anu;Fu} ;of}+ lk|m / xhf/f}+ k]8 lstfa kfgf kN6fP h;/L o;df k9\g kfOG5 .

cd]hg lsG8n

6\o'gOg PlKns]zg ePsf sf/0f cgnfOgdf hf]l8Psf g]kfnsf ;a} /]l8of], df]afOn ;]6 jf 6\ofAn]6df ;d]t ;'Gg ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu le6fldof] gfds PlKns]zg OG:6n ug'{k5{ .

g]kfnL /]l8of]

@)!! l8;]Da/df 6\ofAn]6 sDKo'6/x¿sf nflu u'unn] NofPsf] of] ;f];n ldl8of Dofu]lhg PlKns]zg clxn] PKkn Pk\ :6f]/df klg pknAw 5 . l;g]6, n;PGhn; 6fOD;\, cfO{aLPgnfOe h:tf ;|f]tx¿ a9L k|of]u ul/Psf] of] PlKns]zgdf ljleGg cgnfOgsf O–e;{gx¿ Dofulhg h:t} u/L k9\g ;lsG5 .

u'un s/]G6\;

P08«f]O8sf Pª\u|L a8{;\, 6]Dkn /g, a]aN8, :qm\ofDan, lg8 km/ :kL8 nufotsf k]8 / lk|m u]dx¿ xhf/f}+ k6s 8fpgnf]8 ePsf 5g\ . o;sf /]l;Ë / cfs]{8 u]dx¿ a9L nf]slk|o 5g\ .

u]d

z+s/ pk|]tLåf/f ljsl;t of] g]kfnL P08«f]O8 PlKns]zgdf !) jif{sf] ltly, ldlt, ljqmd ;Djt\–O:jL ;Djt\ sGe6{/ / g]kfnL /]l8of]x¿ ;'Gg ;Sg] ;'ljwf 5g\ .

xfd|f] kfqf]

nfOe:sf]/, OP;kLPg lqmsOGkmf], :sf]/ ;]G6/ h:tf PlKns]zgx¿ k|of]u u/]/ km"6an, lqms]6 h:tf v]ns'bsf cGt/f{li6«o k|ltof]lutfsf] kl5Nnf] c+stflnsf x]g{ ;lsG5 .

:kf]6{;\ PlKns]zg

;dfrf/sf nflu aLaL;L, b Go"of]s{ 6fOD;\, ;LPgPg, 6fOD;\ ckm Ol08of, kmS;Go'h h:tf PlKns]zgx¿ a9L k|l;4 5g\ . PKknsf cfOkmf]g, cfOKof8, cfOk8 nufot P08«f]O8sf ;a} l8efO;df Go'h PlKns]zg OG:6n ug{ ldN5 .

Go'hPk\

Uofh]6af6 lvlrPsf kmf]6f]df Okm]S6x¿ k|of]u u/]/ c‰f ;'Gb/ agfpg OG:6fu|fd k|of]u x'G5 . /, ;f];n ldl8of;Fu} OG:6fu|fds} PlKns]zgdfkm{t oL t:jL/ z]o/ ug{ ;lsG5 .

OG:6fu|fd

P08«f]O8 l8efO;x¿df g]kfnL nufotsf efiffsf lsaf]8{x¿ PlS6e ug{ of] pkof]uL PlKns]zg xf] . o;df !)) eGbf a9L efiffsf lsaf]8{x¿af6 o'lgsf]8df 6fOk ug{ ;lsG5 .

dlN6ln+s lsaf]8{

l8;]Da/ @)!) df PKknsf nflu agfOPsf] lkm\nkaf]8{ u'un s/]G6\; h:t} Dofu]lhg kmd]{6df ;f];n ldl8ofdf rrf{df /x]sf / lkm\nkaf]8{;Fu cfa4 j]a;fO6 x]g{÷k9\g ldNg] PlKns]zg xf] . @)!@ d]b]lv P08«f]O8 ahf/df cfPsf] o;df ck8]6 ePsf Go"h / cfl6{sn lkm8x¿ OG6/g]6 gx'Fbf klg k9\g ;lsG5 .

lkm\nkaf]8{

g]kfndf rn]sf P08«f]O8 df]afOn• ;fd;'Ë Uofn]S;L l;l/hsf !$

df]8]n -?=!) xhf/b]lv z'?_

• PnhL clK6d; l;l/hsf & df]8]n

-?=!) xhf/b]lv z'?_

• Pr6L;Lsf !) df]8]n -?=@)

xhf/b]lv z'?_

• ;f]gLsf] PS:k]l/of l;l/hsf df]8]n

-?=!* xhf/b]lv z'?_

• sn;{, :kfO;, dfOqmf]DofS;, sfa{g

nufotsf ljleGg df]8]n -?=&

xhf/b]lv z'?_

g]kfndf rn]sf P08«f]O8 6\ofAn]6• ;fd;'Ë– Uofn]S;L 6\ofasf tLg

j6f e;{g -?=#% xhf/b]lv z'?_

• u'un– g]S;; ;]e]g, -?=#%

xhf/b]lv z'?_

• PdP;cfO{ 6\ofAn]6 -?=!& xhf/b]lv

z'?_

• ljleGg lrlgofF tyf ef/tLo a|f08sf

P08«f]O8 6\ofAn]6 -?=^ xhf/b]lv

z'?_

• To;kl5 Dof;]h jf c¿ h'g;'s} s'/f 6fOk ubf{ :k]z–sL df b'O{;]s]08 lyr]kl5 rflxg] efiffdf 6r ug]{ .

• o;kl5 ;xh} ;fwf/0f o'lgsf]8df 6fOk u/] h;/L 6fOk ug{ ;lsG5 .

dlN6ln+s lsaf]8{ afx]s o' lsaf]8{df ;d]t o:t} tl/sfn] b]jgfu/L 6fOk ug{ ;lsG5 .

g]kfndf P08«f]O8 rNg] ?=^ xhf/b]lv ?=&) xhf/;Ddsf df]afOn kmf]gx¿ kfOG5g\ . To:t}, ?=^ xhf/sf] lrlgofFb]lv ?=*) xhf/;Ddsf a|f08]8 6\ofAn]6x¿ 5g\ . g]kfnL ahf/df P08«f]O8sf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] e;{g !=% sks]sb]lv kl5Nnf] e;{g $=@ h]lnlag ePsf] P08«f]O8 Uofh]6x¿ kfOG5g\ . P08«f]O8 ck/]l6ª l;:6d;lxtsf] ;fd;'Ësf ] kl5Nnf ] :df6{ Sofd]/f klg casf] s]xL ;ftfdf g]kfn lelq+b}5, h;sf] z'¿ d"No x'g]5, ?=%) xhf/ Û


l/kf]6{ b'O{kfª\u|]

l%^f] /%l/tf]e/kbf]{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] ljsf; gx'Fbf b'O{kfª\u|] ;jf/L ;fwgn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] b}lgsL ;xh agfPsf] 5 .

k|eft e§/fO{ / /d]z s'df/


sf7df8f}+sf] eL8df ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg r9]/ rfx]sf] a]nf uGtJodf k'Ug' kSs}

klg ;xh 5}g . eL8;Fu} ;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf] b'/j:yfsf sf/0f ofq'x¿ ‰g} x}/fg 5g\ . o:tf]df ;j{;fwf/0fsf] dg lhTg] ;jf/L ;fwg xf], b'O{kfª\u|] . rfx]sf a]nf uGtJodf k'Ug ;fOsn of df]6/;fOsnd} e/ kg]{sf] ;+Vof a9\bf] 5 .

cfly{s jif{ @)^*÷^( df cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] df]6/;fOsnsf] laqmL rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] klxnf] rf/ dxLgfdf !^ k|ltzt a9]sf] 5 . d+;L/ d;fGt;Dd s/La && xhf/ df]6/;fOsn laqmL ePsf 5g\ . h'g ut cfjleq laqmL ePsf df]6/;fOsn eGbf s/La @) xhf/ sd xf] . ut cfjdf laqmL eP a/fa/sf] df]6/;fOsn of] df3;Dd laqmL x'g] / jif{sf] cGtdf Ps nfv $) xhf/ k'Ug] Joj;foLx¿sf] ck]Iff 5 . t/, olt x'Fbf klg hg;+Vofsf] tLg k|ltztsf] dfq df]6/;fOsnsf] kx'Fr /x]sf] g]kfn c6f]df]jfOn l8n;{ P;f]l;P;g -gf8f_ sf cWoIf ;f}/e Hof]lt atfpF5g\ .

d'n'ssf] e"jgf]6sf sf/0f ;a} efudf 7"nf ;jf/L ;fwg k'¥ofpg g;lsg] ePsfn] ufpF zx/ hf]8\g df]6/;fOsn lgs} pkof]uL ePsf] laqm]tfx¿sf] egfO 5 . csf]{lt/ cf;kf;sf ufpFdf a;]/ zx/df gf]s/L jf s'g} k]zf Joj;fo ug]{nfO{ t df]6/;fOsn geO{ gx'g] ;fwg ePsf] 5 . h'Dnfsf] dflyNnf] e]ub]lv d':tfªsf] hf]d;f]d;Dd df]6/;fOsn k'lu;s]sf] atfpFb} gf8fsf pkfWoIf z]v/ uf]N5f eG5g\, æo;af6 ;DalGwt If]qsf hgtfnfO{ lgs} /fxt ldn]sf] 5 .Æ

o'jf qm]h g]kfndf !@% ;L;LeGbf ;fgf Osf]gf]dL, !%) ;L;L;Dd PlS;So'6/ / !%) ;L;L dflysf kfj/ df]6/;fOsn laqmL x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . Osf]gf]dL / PlS;So'6/ sfdsfhL ju{n] dg k/fPsf 5g\ . k|foM ;a} a|f08n] kl5Nnf] ;do gofF n'S;sf :kf]6{;\ df]6/;fOsn leœofPsf 5g\ . o'jf …k|f]km];gnÚx¿df‰ kfj/ df]6/;fOsn ?rfOPsf] laqm]tfx¿sf] egfO 5 . b}lgs sfdsfhsf cnfjf df]6/;fOsnnfO{ :kf]6{;\ / zfgsf] ¿kdf lng]sf] ;+Vof klg a9\bf] 5 . 6LeLP; df]6/;fOsnsf] clws[t laqm]tf PcfO{6L k|flnsf gfoj dxfk|aGws ;lGbk u'?ª eG5g\, ækl5Nnf] ;do kfj/ df]6/;fOsns} dfu a9\bf] 5 .Æ km';{bsf] ;do ;fyLefO ldn]/ 3'Dg hfg] ju{n] of] df]6/;fOsn dg k/fPsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . df]6/;fOsn l8hfOg / a|f08n] g]kfnL ahf/df ljz]if cy{ /fVg] cg'ej laqm]tfx¿sf] 5 . dlxGb|f 6' lXjn;{sf :s'6/ laqm]tf P;hL Unf]an k|flnsf efO; k|]l;8]G6 /fh' If]qL eG5g\, æa|f08sf] ;fv slt dxŒjk"0f{ 5 eg] s]xL jif{cl3;Dd g]kfnL ahf/df ePsf $# a|f08sf df]6/;fOsndWo] clxn] ;ft÷cf7 j6f 5g\ .Æ

;fj{hlgs ;jf/L Jojl:yt gePsfn] df]6/;fOsn ;lhnf] / 5l/tf] ;fwg ePsf] 5 . lx/f] / xf]08f leGg a|f08df cfPkl5 klg xf]08f sf] ahf/df c;/ k/]sf] 5}g . xf]08f n] g]kfndf s'n df]6/;fOsn laqmLdf 7"nf] lx:;f cf]u6\5 . b]ze/sf *) j6f l8n/ lj:tf/ u/L l5§} !)) eGbf a9L k'¥ofpg] 5f}+ . ;a} l8n/nfO{ laqmL, dd{t;Def/, :k]o/ kf6{;\, ;'/Iff tflnd / ;]s]08 Xof08 s]Gb|df ljsl;t ub}{5f}+ .

7"nf] lx:;f xf]08f s} ;f}/e Hof]ltk|aGw lgb]{zs, :ofsf/ sDkgL

rf/kfª\u|] ;jf/L ;fwg k'Ug g;Sg] If]qdf ;lhn} k'Ug] ePsfn] u|fdL0f hgtfsf nflu df]6/;fOsn j/bfg;/x ePsf] 5 . u|fdL0f hLjg k4lt;Fu zx/L cy{tGq hf]8\g df]6/;fOsn ;xof]uL x'g]5g\ . laqmL ePsf dWo] (% k|ltzt df]6/;fOsn pTkfbgd"ns sfddf nufOPsf 5g\ . Onfdb]lv wgu9L, hf]d;f]d / h'Dnf;Dd PrPr ahfh sf zf]–?d / :t/Lo ;le{; ;]G6/ z'¿ u/]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f] ahf/ lx:;f kfFr k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

xfd|f] kx'Fr b]ze/z]v/ uf]N5fk|aGw lgb]{zs, PrPr ahfh

dlxGb|f 6' lXjn;{åf/f pTkflbt !@% ;L;L Ifdtfsf /f]l8of] cf/h]8, 8\o'/f] cf/h]8 / ˆnfO6 a|f08sf :s'6/ ahf/df 5g\ . @% lhNnfsf $% j6f cfp6n]6dWo] #* 7fpFdf laqmL, :k]o/ kf6{;\ / dd{t ;'ljwf 5 . gDa/ ljt/0fdf n6 l;:6d nfu" ePsfn] zf]?dsf k'/fgf] gDa/sf df]6/;fOsn laqmLdf ;d:of 5 . z'¿df c:yfoL gDa/ lbP/ laqmLkl5 dfq :yfoL gDa/ lbg' / laqmLsf] ;xL cfFs8f /fVg k'gM btf{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'kb{5 .

u|fxs;Fu ;fIffTsf//fh' If]qLefO; k|]l;8]G6, ;]N; P08 dfs]{l6ª, P;hL Unf]jn k|fln

;fxl;s ofqf ?rfpg] o'jf ju{sf] /f]hfOdf 5 /f]on OlGkmN8 . ahf/df ?=$ nfv @% xhf/b]lv ?=% nfv %% xhf/;Ddsf #%) / %)) ;L;Lsf /f]on OlGkmN8 g]kfndf 5g\ . l5§} gofF df]8nsf] yG8/ j8{ leœofpFb} 5f}+ . laqmLkl5sf] ;]jfsf nflu /fhwfgLsf cltl/Qm aflx/sf !! zfvf / l8n/ 5g\ . !) xhf/ lsnf]ld6/ jf Ps jif{sf] jf/]G6L;lxt lgMz'Ns rf/ j6f ;le{l;ª lbPsf 5f}+ .

ljb]zdf …gDa/ jfgÚd]3/fh kf}8]nl;lgo/ Dofg]h/, b'u8 a|bz{ PG8 ;G;

dLg/Tg ah|frfo{


hfkfgL a|f08sf ofdfxf afOs cfgGb, pT;fx / ;'/Iffsf sf/0f o'jfx¿n] ;a}eGbf a9L ?rfPsf 5g\ . ;'/lIft ofqfnfO{ Wofg lb+b} sn]h;Dd} k'u]/ o'jfx¿nfO{ ;'/Iff tflnd sIff ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5f}+ . g]kfne/sf $( laqmL s]Gb|df laqmL, dd{t;Def/ / :k]o/ kf6{;\ pknAw 5g\ . !!)–!@% ;L;Lsf] jfO{aLcf/, !@% ;L;Lsf Unfl8P6/ P;P; / OG6fO;/, !%) ;L;Lsf P;h]8cf/, Pkmh]8P; / cf/jfg kmfOe g]kfnL ahf/df pknAw 5g\ .

o'jfsf] lk|o jfOsofdfxf;'/h dfgGw/Jofkf/ k|d'v, PdP8An' OG6/k|fOh]h

o'jfx¿n] w]/} ?rfPsf] kN;/ df]6/;fOsn kl5Nnf] ;do gofF l8hfOgdf @)) ;L;Lsf] cfPsf ] 5 . df ]6/;fOsndf ;fxl;s ofqf ?rfpg]x¿sf] lk|o /f]on OlGkmN8df klg kl5Nnf] ;do ahf/df kfOg] cGo df]6/;fOsn ;dfg lkmr/ h8fg u/L ;xh agfOPsf] 5 . o:tf df]6/;fOsnsf] ahf/ lj:tf/ ug{ laqm]tfx¿n] ljleGg Oe]G6 ug]{

u/]sf 5g\ . sn]hdf 6]i6 8«fOe ug]{, ofqf ;'/Iffaf/] r]tgf hufpg] h:tf sfdn] ahf/ kx'Fr ;xh agfPsf] pgLx¿sf] cg'ej 5 . æljleGg dfWodaf6 u|fxs;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{qmdx¿ k|ToIf ubf{ lgs} k|efjsf/L x'g] /x]5Æ /f]on OlGkmN8sf] clws[t laqm]tf b'u8 a|bz{ P08 ;G;sf l;lgo/ Dofg]h/ d]3/fh kf}8]n eG5g\, ædf]6/;fOsn ¥ofnLn]

:yfgLojf;L;Fu ;fIffTsf/sf] gf}nf] cg'e"lt x'G5 .Æ /f]on OlGkmN8dfkm{t l5§} lbNnL–n'lDagL–ltAat ¥ofnL ug{ nfu]sf] pgn] hfgsf/L lbP .

d"Nosf] lk/nf]ef/tdf ef? %) xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf kfOg] df]6/;fOsn g]kfndf b'O{ nfveGbf

jfUdtL, u08sL, n'lDagL, /fKtL, e]/L / gf/fo0fLsf nflu 6LeLP; df]6/;fOsnsf] clws[t laqm]tf xf} + . kl5Nnf] ;do ckfr]–!^) / !*) sf gofF df]8]n cfP klg o;sf] dfu al9/x]sf] 5 . o'jf ju{n] lgs} dg k/fPsf sf/0f df]6/;fOsnsf] laqmL $% k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . Osf]gf]dL Snf;sf] df]6/;fOsnsf] ¿kdf !!) ;L;Lsf] :sf/l;6L 5 eg] !@% ;L;Lsf] kmf]lgS; leœofpg] tof/Ldf 5f}+ .

6LeLP; sf]a9\bf] nf]slk|otf;lGbk u'?ªgfoj dxfk|aGws -;]N;_, PcfO{6L k|fln


tfOjfgL a|f08 P;jfO{Pd kfFr dxLgfcl3 g]kfn lelqPsf] xf] . ahf/df !@% ;L;Lsf cla{6–@ / h]6–$ tyf !!) ;L;Lsf] Doflhs :s'6/ / @%) ;L;Lsf] pNkm :kf]6{;\ afOs 5g\ . :s'6/ / df]6/;fOsnaf/] clxn];Dd u'gf;f] gcfpg' 7"nf] ;kmntf xf] . pkTosfleq tLg / aflx/ !) 7fpFdf cfp6n]6 / ;le{; ;]G6/ :yfkgf ub}{5f}+ . !@% ;L;L :s'6/sf] ?=! nfv *% xhf/ / :kf]6{;\ afOssf] ?=@ nfv ( xhf/ ()) k5{ .

u|fxsdf k"0f{ ;Gt'li6 5;'/]zaxfb'/ >]i7;xfos dxfk|aGws, >]i7 sDkgL k|fln

lx/f] / xf]08f leGg a|f08sf ¿kdf 5'l§P klg lx/f] afOsdf c;/ k/]sf] 5}g . :Kn]08/, ;'k/ :Kn]08/, Unfd/, Kn]h/, ;LaLh]8 nufotsf lx/f] a|f08sf afOs / :s'6/sf] ahf/ /fd|f] 5 . :jb]zL ahf/df o;sf] laqmL lx:;f a9\bf] 5 . a|f08 5'l§Pkl5 o;n] cd]l/sg / ci6«]lnofnL sDkgL;Fusf] ;xsfo{df lx/f] df]6f]sk{ a|f08df pTkfbg z'¿ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfne/sf lx/f] sf &) j6f cfp6n]6df ;]N;, :k]]o/ kf6{;\ / ;le{; pknAw 5 .

lx/f] sf] klxrfg u'0f:t/ lbg]z/Tg ah|frfo{laqmL k|aGws, g]kfn h]g/n dfs]{l6ª -PghLPd_

clk|n @)!! b]lv l8dfs / qm'u/ df]6/;fOsn laqmL ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . dn]l;ofdf lgld{t oL df]6/;fOsndf …ckm/f]8 Sjfln6LÚ ePsfn] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df lgs} pkof]uL 5g\ . /fhwfgLdf /x]sf] laqmL s]Gb| pkTosf aflx/sf ahf/df klg lj:tf/ ug]{5f}+ . l8dfsdf ?=# nfv &% xhf/sf] 8L6LPd / ?=@ nfv &% xhf/sf] sdAofS6 u/L b'O{ df]8nsf df]6/;fOsn 5g\ .

ckm/f]8 pTs[i6 1fg rflDnªck/];g x]8, clUg OGskf]{/]6]8 -l8dfs afOs_

a9L k5{ . gf8fsf cWoIf Hof]lt eG;f/, cGtMz'Ns, Eof6 cflbsf sf/0f d"No pRr ePsf] atfpF5g\ . pgsf] a'‰fOdf d"No a9L kg]{ ePsf]n] klg ;j{;fwf/0fdf df]6/;fOsn kx'Fr gk'u]sf] xf] . sf7df8f}+nfO{ x]/]/ afOs / ;jf/L ;+Vof a9L eof] eG7fGg' x'Fb}g eGg] Hof]ltsf] a'‰fOdf sf7df8f}+sf ;fF3'/f ;8ssf sf/0f To:tf] nfu]sf] x'g ;S5 . df]6/ af6f] aGg] qmd;Fu} pkTosf aflx/ afOs / ;jf/Lsf] dfu a9]sf] 5 .

gf8fsf pkfWoIf uf]N5f df]6/;fOsn dxFuf] x'Fbf u|fdL0f hghLjgnfO{ /fli6«o cy{tGqdf hf]8\g sl7g ePsf] atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æolt;f/f] dxËf] gx'Fbf] xf] t s0ff{nLsf ls;fgn] df]6/;fOsnaf6} cfˆgf

pTkfbg ahf/;Dd k'¥ofpFy] .Æ /fh:jnfO{ tTsfnsf] cfDbfgLsf ¿kdf dfq gx]/L bL3{sfnLg lx;fan] cy{tGq alnof] agfpg] pkfo vf]hL ug'{kg]{ uf]N5fsf] ;'‰fj 5 .

t/ ;/sf/L clwsf/Lx¿ Ps÷b'O{ hgf dfq ofqf ug{ ldNg] / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] kx'Frdf gePsfn] df]6/;fOsnnfO{ ljnf;L j:t'sf] ¿kd} /flvg] atfpF5g\ . ;j{;fwf/0fn] kmfObf lng g;Sg] ePsfn] /fh:jb/ sd ug'{kg]{ dfu hfoh gePsf] bfaL u5{g\ cy{ dGqfnosf] /fh:j Joj:yfkg dxfzfvf k|d'v /fhg vgfn . To;}n] ;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg k|a4{gdf hf]8 lbPsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . gf8fn] eg] df]6/;fOsnsf] eG;f/ 36fpg, cGtMz'Ns k"/} x6fpg / :k]o/ kf6{;\sf]

eG;f/ z'Ns kfFr k|ltztdf ‰fg{ ;/sf/;Fu cfu|x ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

km:6fpFbf] ;fOsnkl5Nnf] ;do ;fOsn -dfpG6]g afOs_ af6 ;fxl;s ofqf ug]{ qmd a9]sf] 5 . /fhwfgLsf] eL8sf sf/0f dfq xf]Og, zx/L If]qdf b}lgs u'hf/f ug]{x¿n] klg :jf:Yosf nflu ;fOsn r9\g yfn]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L pRr kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qdf ;fOsn r9]/ hfg] :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL a9]sf 5g\ . …dfpG6]g afOlsªÚsf kf/vLx¿ :jb]zsf cnfjf ltAat, l;lSsd / e'6fgsf ljleGg uGtJo ;d]t k'Ug yfn]sf 5g\ . g]kfnnfO{ ;fxl;s v]n ko{6gsf] ¿kdf ljZje/ lrgfpg cfkm"x¿ k|of;/t /x]sf] atfpF5g\ Pe/]i6 dfpG6]g jfOssf lgb]{zs kLcf/ lji6 . …ckm /f]8 / l;Ën 6«]nÚx¿df o;sf] k|efj c‰ lj:tf/ x'g] lai6sf] egfO 5 . g]kfndf hfOG6, d]l/8f, :s6, hfld; nufot ljleGg a|f08sf dfpG6]g afOs laqmL x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . a|f08 / ljz]iftf cg';f/ afOssf] d"No ?=@% xhf/b]lv ?=$÷% nfv;Dd kb{5 .


;d[l4 / ;DefjgfhLjgk|;fb /fO{

6«fp6sf]cy{zf:q

g]kfnsf] s[lif / o;sf] Jofj;flos ;Defjgf lgofNb} lhNnf e|d0f ug]{ qmddf xfn} ko{6sLo gu/L kf]v/f k'Ubf ToxfFaf6

@% lsnf]ld6/ pQ/–k"j{sf] e'h'{ªdf yflnPsf] 6«fp6 df5f kfngsf] rrf{ ;'g]/ pt} nfluof] . geGb}, ToxfF ef/tLo ;]gfsf k]G;g/ cd[t u'?ªn] kN6g kl5 hfkfgdf ;d]t gf} jif{ sfd u/]/ sdfPsf] s/La 8]9 s/f]8 ?k}ofF nufgL u/]/ @)^# df u08sL /]Gjf] 6«fp6 kmfd{ vf]n]sf /x]5g\ . of] kmfd{nfO{ Pp6f JolQmsf] ;f]v;Fu eGbf d'n'ssf] cy{tGqsf] ;Defjgf;Fu hf]8\g' pko'Qm x'G5 .

g]kfndf 6«fp6 df5fsf] pRr ;Defjgf ePsf]n] u'?ª nufotsf ls;fgx¿sf] k|of;nfO{ d'n'ss} s[lif cy{tGq dha't agfpg] sfdsf] yfngLsf] ¿kdf lng'k5{ . u08sL 6«fp6 kmfd{n] clxn] jflif{s !% 6g df5f pTkfbg ul//x]sf] 5 . cfufdL jif{b]lv o;nfO{ %) 6gsf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'¥ofpg] u/L sfd ul//x]sf u'?ªn] DofUbL, afUn'ª nufotsf lhNnfsf OR5's ls;fgx¿nfO{ tflnd klg lbO/x]sf 5g\ . c;n l;sf] g} eGg'k5{, sf:sLdf df5fk'R5«], If]qåLk, uf]ul/g / ;bL{vf]nf gfdsf 7"nf 6«fp6 kmfd{x¿ v'ln;s]sf /x]5g\ .

pTkfbg / ahf/g]kfndf 6«fp6 df5f Joj;fo g'jfsf]6af6 z'¿ ePsf] xf], h'g clxn] nlntk'/, bf]nvf, /;'jf, sf:sL, DofUbL, afUn'ª cflb

lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . kof{Kt kfgL ePsf g]kfnsf ;a} kxf8L lhNnfdf 6«fp6 df5f pTkfbgsf] ;Defjgf 5 . hfkfgL k|hfltsf] /]Gjf];Fu} a|fpg 6«fp6 klg /fd|/L pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . 6«fp6 v]tLn] lhNnfsf] ko{6gnfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf ;3fpF5 .

;+;f/e/ ?rfOPsf] 6«fp6 df5f @) l8u|L ;]lN;o; eGbf sd tfkqmd x'g] ;ª\nf] kfgLdf dfq x'G5 . 6«fp6sf] e'/f pTkfbgsf] nflu t c‰ ^–!) l8u|L ;]lN;o;aLr tfkqmd ePsf] kfgL rflxG5 . sDtLdf ^ dxLgfb]lv dfq pTkfbg lng ;lsg] of] df5f bfgf v'jfP/ kfNg'kg]{ ePsf]n] nfut w]/} b]lvP klg o;sf] ahf/ c;Lldt 5 . yf]/} Tof] klg sdnf] x'g] 6«fp6 ;nfb;Fu sfFr} klg :jflbnf]–kf]lifnf] x'g] x'gfn] of] df5f kf/vLx¿df a9L nf]slk|o 5 .

u08sL 6«fp6 kmfd{n] clxn] k|ltlsnf]] ?=!!)) df klg dfu wfGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . e'h'{ª vf]nf cf;kf;df pTkfbg eO/x]sf] jflif{s s/La !)) 6g 6«fp6 kf]v/f zx/nfO{ g} k'u]sf] 5}g . g'jfsf]6 / /;'jfsf 6«fp6 sf7df8f}+nfO{ …crf/nfO{ 5f]kÚ h:tf] dfq 5 . g]kfndf pTkfbg eO/x]sf] 6«fp6n] s'n dfusf] #) k|ltzt dfq wflg/x]sf] cd[t u'?ªsf] cg'dfg 5 . ;du| kxf8L e]usf] Ifdtf a/fa/ pTkfbg ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfnL 6«fp6n] blIf0f Plzofsf] ljzfn ahf/ kfpF5, cefj eg]sf] s]jn pTkfbg xf] .

hxfF;Dd nufgLsf] s'/f 5, 6«fp6 pTkfbg ug{ lgoldt aUg] Ps OGr kfgL a/fa/ ?=# nfv nufgL ug'{k5{ . cyf{t\, ;fgf] nufgLsf] 6«fp6 pTkfbg dxFuf] ;f]v dfq x'g hfG5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] OR5fzlQm / 1fg ePsfx¿nfO{ 6«fp6 kfngsf nflu nufgL jftfj/0f tof/ kfl/lbg] xf] eg] cy{tGqdf k|efj b]vfpg] ul/s} pTkfbg x'g] s'/fdf z+sf 5}g . /]Gjf] 6«fp6 kmfd{ vf]Nbf vf; u/]/ k"jf{wf/df a9L nufgL ug'{kg{] eP klg bL3{sfnLg d'gfkmf lglZrt x'G5 .

kxf8sf] Ifdtf / ls;fgsf] hfFu/ a'‰f]/ lnOg] Jofjxfl/s gLltn] g]kfn /]Gjf] 6«fp6 lgof{t ug]{ d'n's aGg ;S5 .

6«fp6 df5f @) l8u|L ;]lN;o; eGbf sd tfkqmd x'g] ;ª\nf] kfgLdf dfq x'G5 . 6«fp6sf e'/f pTkfbgsf] nflu rflxg] tfkqmd eg] ^–!) l8u|L ;]lN;o; dfq .

sf:sLsf] e'h'{ªl:yt u08sL /]Gjf] 6«fp6 kmfd{df 6«fp6 df5f .


cy{ ahf/AoflÍª;LhL Uof; lx6/

rf}w/L ;d"xn] hf8f]sf nflu ;LhL a|f08sf Uof; / On]lS6«s lx6/sf] laqmL z'¿ u/]sf] 5 . sfnf] /ªdf pknAw !% s]hL;Ddsf] l;ln08/ c6\g] Ifdtf ePsf] Uof; lx6/sf] d"No ?=^ xhf/ *() / /ftf] /ªdf pknAw On]lS6«s tyf Uof;;lxt lx6/sf] ?=* xhf/ () tf]lsPsf] 5 .

sfN;{au{ af/Sn]h lk|ldo/ lnudfsfN;{au{ af/Sn]h lk|ldo/ lnusf] tLg jif{sf nflu cflwsfl/s ;f‰]bf/ ePsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!%÷!^ ;Dd of] ;D‰f}tf sfod /xg] / ca g]kfn nufot cGo d'n'sdf k|a4{gfTds sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 5 . of] ;f‰]bf/Ln] pkef]Qmf / km"6anaLrsf] ;DaGw ;d]t c‰ ;'b[9 ug]{ / sfN;{au{ sf] a|f08 :yfkgfdf klg d2t ug]{ sDkgLsf] ljZjf; 5 . sfN;{au{ sf] ljut $) jif{b]lv km"6an;Fu ;DaGw /x]sf] 5 .

sn;{ sf gofF df]afOn sn;{ df]afOnn] gofF 6r kmf]gx¿ PS;–@ Hofh / PS;–# ?jL g]kfnL ahf/df laqmL z'¿ u/]sf] 5 . ;+uLt ;'Gg tyf gofF kmf]g rnfpg ?rfpg] u|fxs nlIft kmf]gdWo] klxnf]df #=@ OGrsf] l:qmg tyf 8'cn ;Ld / bf];|f]df #=% OGrsf] l:qmg /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

uLtf~hnL Hj]n;{ b/af/dfu{df ef/tsf] uLtf~hnL ;d"xn] sf7df8f}+df uLtf~hnL Hj]n;{ ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . b/af/dfu{l:yt Soflk6n dnsf] zf]?ddf l/gLtf, ;lËgL, cf:dL, gIfq, lghd, cf/;L nufot Hj]n/Lsf k|Voft a|f08 5g\ . xL/fsf uxgf ;d]t /x]sf] Hj]n/Ldf l5§} @@ Sof/]6sf ;'gsf uxgf /flvg] hgfOPsf] 5 .

gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ ;Ktfxj}slNks pmhf{ k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] cfof]hgfdf &–!# df3df /fhwfgLdf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ ;Ktfx ;DkGg eof] . ;Ktfxdf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{ k|ljlwsf] k|bz{gL, gjLs/0fLo

pmhf{ ¥ofnL, cGt/lqmof nufotsf sfo{qmd ul/Psf] lyof] . jt{dfg pmhf{ ;+s6 ;Daf]wg ug{ / b'u{d If]qdf k|ljlwsf] kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug{ j}slNks pmhf{ ;a}eGbf e/kbf]{ dfWod /x]sf] ;'‰fj ;/sf/nfO{ lbg pmhf{ ;Ktfx ul/Psf] s]Gb|n] hgfPsf] 5 .

Pe/]i6 AofÍn] $ / % df3df ‰fkfsf] eb|k'/ / ljtf{df]8df :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . d'6'/f]u lj1 8f= e/t /fjtsf] g]t[Tjdf ;DkGg Pslbg] lzlj/df #)) hgfsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/Psf] AofÍn] hgfPsf] 5 . AofÍn] xfn} ‰fkfsf] bdsdf PS;6]G;g sfpG6/ ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 .

PgPdaL AofÍsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt cWoIfdf cfTdf/fd d'/f/sf rog ePsf 5g\ . @( k';df ;DkGg ;fwf/0f;efn] ;+:yfks z]o/wgLsf tkm{af6 d'/f/sf;lxt gGblszf]/ /f7L, dlgif h}g, /fh]Gb| sfˆn] / 6L k'/fx/0f ;LkL /fdfs[i0fg\nfO{ ;~rfnsdf lgjf{lrt u/]sf] lyof] .

s[lif ljsf; AofÍn] cfˆgf !&# j6} zfvfaf6 lxdfn /]ld6\; e'QmfgL ;]jf z'¿ u/]sf] 5 . lxdfnog AofÍsf] lk|lG;kn Ph]G6 eO{ /]ld6\ofG; sf/f]af/ ub}{ cfPsf] slG6g]G6n kmfOgflG;on ;le{;]h;Fusf] ;xsfo{df AofÍn] pQm ;]jf z'¿ u/]sf] xf] .

AofÍ ckm sf7df08" -aLcf]s]_ n] la8 Dofg]hd]G6 sf] ;xsfo{df lahg]z clS;hg -aLcf]6'_ åf/f g]kfnsf] klxnf] e]Gr/ km08 :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . la8aLcf]s] e]Gr;{n] cGt/f{li6«o 6]08/dfkm{t cfO{Pkm;L–P;PdO{ e]Gr/ km08 :yfkgf ug]{ lhDdf kfPsf] xf] . lwtf] hdfgLdf cfwfl/t k/Dk/fut AoflÍª k|0ffnLåf/f shf{ kfpg c;dy{ ;fgf tyf d‰f}nf Joj;foLnfO{ aLcf]6'n] k"FhL nufgL ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5

dgsfdgf 8]enkd]G6 AofÍn] df]afOn dgL ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . ca u|fxsn] df]afOnaf6} cfˆgf] vftfsf] sf/f]af/ / ljj/0f x]g{ ;Sg], k};f hDdf / e'QmfgL ug{ ;Sg], lah'nL, kfgL, 6]lnkmf]gsf] lan ltg{ tyf /sdfGt/ / df]afOn l/rfh{ sf8{ lng klg ;S5g\ .

Prcf/ ld6 x'Fb}u|f]y ;]n;{n] jif]{lg cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] dfgj ;+;fwg e]nf …Prcf/ ld6 @)!#Ú @% df3df x'Fb}5 . …dfgj k"FhLnfO{ ;zlQms/0f ub}{Ú eGg] gf/fsf ;fy x'g] e]nfdf ljleGg If]qsf @)) eGbf a9Lsf] ;xeflutf /xg] hgfOPsf] 5 . e]nfsf jQmfdf ef/tsf ldgf]r/ k6]n tyf g]kfnsf] >d ljefusf dxflgb]{zs s]jnk|;fb e08f/L;lxt ef/tsf] k|dfl0ft PgPnkL tyf OPkm6L cEof;stf{ dx]z zdf{, ef/ts} cIfo jfn / l/gf jfn 5g\ . e]nfdf jif{el/sf dfgj ;+;fwg k|aGwsdWo] Ps hgfnfO{ ?=%) xhf/sf] k'/:sf/;lxt pTs[i6 Prcf/ Dofg]h/sf] cjf8{ lbOg] hgfOPsf] 5 .

j]a ;km{/ %$ lhNnfdfOG6/g]6 ;]jf k|bfos j]a ;km{/ n] %$ lhNnfdf ;]jf lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @))) df :yflkt sDkgLn] …3/3/df OG6/g]6Ú eGg] gf/fnfO{ cl3

;f/]sf] 5 . kmfOa/ OG6/g]6, OG6«fg]6, OG6/g]6 6]lnkmf]g nufotsf ;]jf lbO/x]sf] sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 5 .


cGt/k':tf ;+jfb8f= ;/f]h lwtfn

dgsf] lxpFb / gofF k':tfsf] pmhf{

cGt/k':tf ;+jfb

lk|o 5f]/L,lxpFbsf] lr;f]n] 5f]8\g nfUof] . o;kflnsf] lr;f]n] sltsf]

Hofg lnof], sltnfO{ la/fdL kf¥of] s'lGg Û dflg;sf] dgleqsf] lxpFb rflx+ c‰} lr;f] 5, c‰ wfl/nf] / eofjx 5 . o;n] x/]s k':tfsf dflg;nfO{ plQs} k|efj kfl//x]sf], t;f{O/x]sf] 5 . x/]s lbgsf 36gfx¿n] s]xL g s]xL 8/ b]vfO/x]s} 5g\ .

of] lr;f]df hlxn] klg dnfO{ Pp6f ;fyLsf] ;D‰gf x'G5 . g]kfnnfO{ c;fWo} dfof ug{] Tof] cd]l/sL ldq deGbf lgs} h]7f] xf] . cfkm}+ la/fdL eP/ klg of] b]zsf lglDt w]/} sfd u/]sf] Tof] c;n 8fS6/af/] s'g} lbg lj:tf/df ltdL;Fu s'/f u/f}+nf . clxn] hf8f]sf] ;Gbe{df d}n] ;D‰]sf] rflx+ lsgeg] pm d}n] x]bf{ x]b{} a"9f] eof] . hlt hlt a"9f] eof], Tolt g} hf8f];Fu tl;{g yfNof] . hf8f]df s'g} a]nf 9f]sf aGb ug{ lal;{OP5 eg] pm lrQ b'vfpFb} eGYof], æd]/f] z/L/n] ca klxn] h:tf] tfk ;[hgf ug{ ;Sb}g, a9L hf8f] nfU5 . d a"9f] ePF .Æ

clxn]sf] b]zsf] kl/l:yltn] ;[hgf u/]sf] s7f]/ hf8f]nfO{ lhTg klg tfk rflxPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf k':tfsf a"9f] eO;s]sf dflg;x¿af6 oy]i6 tftf] lg:sg ufx|f] x'G5 . :jfefljs ¿kdf o'jf k':tfsf] sfFwdf km]l/ ef/L ylkPsf] 5 . ltd|f] k':tfn] af]Sg] of] ef/L sd xf];\ eg]/ xfdL klg clnslt ;3fOlbg ;S5f}+ ls egL rfxgf / k|oTg dfq ug{ ;S5, cl3Nnf] k':tfn] . ;fFRr} g} rfxg] xf] eg] dflg; gd?Gh]n;Dd klg s'g} g s'g} lsl;dn] x'ls{/xg ;S5 /] Û dnfO{ klg Tof] rfxgf 5 5f]/L, dg'{eGbf PsIf0f cl3;Dd klg d ;To af]w ul//xg ;s"F, x'ls{O/xg ;s"F / k':tfGt/nfO{ sd ug{] sfddf nflu/xg ;s"F .

dflg;sf] dgf]j}1flgs x'sf{Oaf/] dgf]lj1x¿n] u/]sf slt s'/f /dfOnf dfq x}g lgs} dxŒjk"0f{ klg 5g\ . gjhft lzz'nfO{ cfˆgf] / afFsL ;+;f/ aLr s'g} lsl;dsf] k[ystf af]w g} x'Fb}g /] Û ef]s nfUbf jf c;lhnf] x'Fbf pm /f]OlbG5 . ?gf;fy cfdfn] :tgkfg u/fpFl5g\ jf n'uf km]l/lblG5g\ . lj:tf/} p;n] a'́ g yfN5– cfkm" aflx/ s]xL 5 hf];Fu ;+jfb ug{'kg{] /x]5 . b'O{ jif{ k'Ubf gk'Ub} p;sf] …dÚ / …cGoÚ aLrsf] k[ystf olt :ki6 x'G5, …dÚ jf …cx+Ú olt alnof] x'G5 ls ;+;f/ g} p;}sf nflu p;}sf] jl/kl/ gfRg'kg{] 7fGg yfN5 pm . b'O{ jif{sf] aRrf l;+u} kl/jf/sf]

zf;s h:tf] x'G5 lg, x}g < clg lj:tf/} p;n] c¿;Fu afF8r'8 ug{, c¿nfO{ kmsfpg,

v'zL kfg{ l;S5 . tLg jif{kl5 slt /dfOnf x'G5g\ aRrfx¿ Û lszf]/fj:yfdf k'Ubf gk'Ub} p;sf lglDt ;fyLx¿ cToGt dxŒjk"0f{ eO;s]sf x'G5g\ . hLjgdf ;aeGbf dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f g} ;fyLefOsf] 6f]nL h:tf] nfU5 . x'sf{Osf] of] qmddf cfˆgf] jl/kl/sf]

cl:tTjaf/], cfˆg} z/L/ / dgaf/] klg gofF 1fg k|fKt ul//x]sf] x'G5 dflg; . c¿sf s'/f ;'g]/, k9]/, b]v]/ cfˆgf wf/0ffx¿nfO{ kl/dflh{t klg ul//x]sf] x'G5 pm .

o;/L cfˆgf wf/0ffnfO{, cfkm"n] a'‰]sf] ;TonfO{ kl/dfh{g ul//xg sf]xL lgs}

kl5;Dd klg ;Ifd x'G5g\ . sf]xL rflx+ klxNo} yfS5g\ . sf]xL dflg; t

b'O{jif{] aRrfsf] Tof] dgl:yltaf6– …cx+Ú r'nLdf k'u]sf] / …dÚ, …d]/f]Ú, …dnfO{Ú dfqsf]

;f]raf6 slxNo} x'ls{g} ;Sb}gg\ /] Û ;dfhl;tsf] ;DaGwdf tL ToxL+ c8\lsG5g\ . elgG5, To:t}

dflg; g} tfgfzfx x'g k'U5g\ . lszf]/fj:yfsf] ;fyL;FuLsf] ;d"xnfO{ dfq} dxŒj lbg] dgl:yltaf6 x's{g g;s]sfx¿ rflx+ sfnfGt/df u'6k/:t x'g k'U5g\, h;nfO{

cfˆgf] u'6, cfˆgf] …wd{Ú ;Dk|bfo, kl/jf/ cflb afx]s c¿sf] lxtsf] s'g} cy{ x'Fb}g .

hf] cfˆgf] …cx+Úsf] 3]/fnfO{ km/flsnf] kfb{} c¿sf] lxt;Fu cfˆgf] lxt hf]8\g ;S5g\, c¿;Fu ;dfgtf km]nf kfg{ ;S5g\, ;+jfb ug{ ;S5g\– tL :j:y x'G5g\, ltgsf] dfgl;s ljsf; cj?4 x'Fb}g . o:tf dflg;x¿ ;fFRr}sf c;n u'?, ;fFRr}sf cleefjs jf c;n g]tf x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf a9L x'G5 . pgLx¿ cfkm"n] a'‰]sf] …;ToÚsf] lrqnfO{ kl/dflh{t ug{ hlxNo} tof/ /xG5g\ . cfkm"n] a'‰]sf] eGbf oyfy{ km/s 5 eGg] k|df0f kfpg] lalQs} klxnfs} s'/fdf ‰'l08/xg' cfjZos 7fGb}gg\ tL . g t c¿sf] ljj]sxLg bafasf sf/0f nx}nx}df g} nfU5g\ .

;bf hfu|t cj:yfdf /xg k|oTg ug{] o:tf dflg;x¿ kl/jt{gzLn ;+;f/;Fu ;'Gb/ ;+of]hgdf ultzLn x'Fb} cl3 a9\g tof/ x'G5g\ . tL s'g} xfntdf oyfl:yltjfbL x'g ;Sb}gg\ . To;}n] hf]lvd df]n]/ tL lj›f]x u5{g\ . ltgsf] lj›f]xdf hLjgk|]d x'G5, ;f}Gbo{af]w x'G5, t/ ljWj+; x'Fb}g . pgLx¿ ;Tok|lt ;dlk{t x'G5g\, cfkm"n] agfPsf] …;ToÚsf] lrqk|lt x}g . ;To / cfˆgf] cf:yf Pp6} s'/f x}g . s;}sf] klg …cf:yfÚ eg]sf] lglZrt sfnv08df ;Toaf/] p;n] a'‰]sf], u|x0f u/]sf] jf p;n] cfkm}+n] sf]/]sf]

lanfz /fO{


;Tosf] lrq dfq xf] . ;To t lIflthsf] Tof] lbUbz{s k|sfzk'~h xf] h;n] nuftf/ lbzfaf]w u/fO/x]sf] x'G5, cufl8 a9\g cfXjfg ul//x]sf] x'G5 . Tof] k|sfzlt/sf] ofqfdf /xg] dfG5] x/]s kfOnfkl5 /f]dfl~rt, cfXnflbt x'G5 / eG5– …cf]xf] ;To t d}n] a'‰]sf] eGbf dxfg /x]5, ;'Gb/ /x]5 .Ú o;/L pm nuftf/ ;Tosf] lbzfdf lx+l8/xG5 .

slxNo} g6'Ë]nf h:tf] b]zsf] of] nfdf] cFWof/f] lxpFbdf k|sfz / tfk hGdfpg To:t} dflg;x¿sf] vfFrf] 5 . Tof] pmhf{, Tof] OR5fzlQm, Tof] nug / Tof] pQ/bfloTjaf]w ePsf] g]t[Tj hGdfpg xfd|f] k':tfn] ;s]g5 h:tf] nfUb}5 cr]n dnfO{ .

gofF ljrf/x¿ ToxL o'usf] oyfy{ / cfjZostf cg'?k hlGdPsf x'G5g\ . clt ;'Gb/ / ts{;+ut nfUg] tTsfnLg ljrf/x¿ ;dofg's"n kl/is[t ePgg\ eg] sfnfGt/df ltgdf 9';L nfu] h:tf] x'g' c:jfefljs x}g . dxfg JolQmx¿nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{'sf] cy{ ;+;f/ cs{} o'udf k|j]z ul/;Sbf klg, ;fdflhs

kl/j]z k"0f{tof ablnO;Sbf klg, ltgn] af]n]sf zAbx¿sf] cIf/zM kfngf ug{ vf]Hg] lg/y{s k|of; jf axfgfafhL ug{' sbflk x}g . o;f] ubf{ t tL dxfg u'?x¿sf] cjd"Nog / ckdfg kf] x'G5 . clxn], olt a]nf, u'?x¿sf] o:t} ckdfg eO/x]sf] 5 . /, of] ckdfg;Fu} hLjgd'vL ;dfh kl/jt{g cj?4 eO/x]sf] 5 . x]/ g Û ltdLeGbf kl5sf k':tfnfO{ ;d]t 9';L kl/;s]sf ;f]rx¿sf] aGbL agfP/ ;8sdf 3r]l6lbg], lg/y{s tf]8kmf]8 / v's'/L xfgfxfg u/fpg] kfksd{n] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5 . ltd|f] k':tf jf cln cufl8sf cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿sf] ;+:d/0fdf d b]V5'– s;/L pgLx¿sf] dgsf] cfFugdf ;kgfsf la?jf /f]lkP, s;/L tL óflËP, clg Ps lbg 3/} ldRg] u/L chËsf ePsf tL ¿vx¿ 9flnP .

5f]/L, ca c¿sf ch]08f af]s]/ afFRg ltd|f] k':tfnfO{ ;'xfpFb}g . cIfd k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] cl3Nnf] k':tfnfO{ ;/fk]/ ;do vlr{g'sf] klg s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g . of] j}rfl/s lxpFbnfO{ lr/]/ cufl8 a9\g ltd|f] k':tf ;Ifd 5 . lsgls Tof] pmhf{, OR5fzlQm / nug, Tof] pQ/bfloTjaf]w ePsf] g]t[Tj hGdfpg ltdLx¿s} k':tfn] ;S5 . xfdLnfO{ klg prfNg ;Sg] ef/L lbg eg] gla;{g' .

;w}+el/sf] d]/f] z'esfdgf .a'af

c¿sf ch]08f af]s]/ afFRg ltd|f] k':tfnfO{ ;'xfpFb}g . cIfd k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] cl3Nnf] k':tfnfO{ ;/fk]/ ;do vlr{g'sf] klg s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g .


k':ts

g]kfnL ;dfhsf] bk{0f

s[i0fnLnf k6

;dfh, ;+:sf/ / zf;gn]vsM v]d/fh g]kfn

k|sfzsM :jzf;g cWoog k|lti7fg

ljt/sM 1fg–lj1fg ;xsf/L

k[i7M $%)±#^, d"NoM ?=$))

g]kfn ;/sf/sf k"j{ ;lrj v]d/fh g]kfnsf] xfn} k|sflzt k':ts ;dfh, ;+:sf/ / zf;g nfO{ g]kfnL ;dfh b]lvg] bk{0f eGg ;lsG5 . #) jif{] ;]jf sfndf &@ lhNnfdf sfd ubf{sf] cg'ejnfO{ n]vsn] tLg v08 / #& zLif{sdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . k':ts eLdsfo b]lvP klg k9\gnfO{ ;/n 5 . g]kfnL ;dfhsf ljljw kf6f] s]nfOPsf] s[ltsf] sltko k|;Ën] /f]dfl~rt agfpF5 . 3/leqsf g]kfnL afgL Joxf]/f, ;dfh, ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/f, k]zf–

Joj;fo, lzIff, k~rfotL k|zf;g / ;dfh ¿kfGt/0fdf dlxnfsf] e"ldsfb]lv /fhgLltdf ck/fwLs/0f, dGqL–;lrj 6s/fj, /fli6«o ;+j]bgzLntf / ldl8of;Ddsf s'/f k':tsdf 5g\ .

k|zf;gleqsf] e|i6frf/, pknlAwljgfsf] Jo:ttf / u|x0f ug{ g;s]sf /fd|f s'/fx¿nfO{ n]vsn] cfˆg} ef]ufOsf] cfnf]sdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . k':tsdf ptfl/Psf] ;fdflhs lj;+ult, u/LaL, c;dfgtf, sdhf]/ /fHo Joj:yf / ultxLg /fhgLltn] o'jf ju{df ;+qmd0f u/]sf] lg/fzf tyf knfogjfbL ;f]rn] kf7snfO{ uDeL/ agfpF5 . cg'ej / oyfy{n] el/Psf] ;+:d/0f k9\b} hfFbf

ljBfs'df/L kf08]n] lj=;+= !(($ df n]v]sf] s[i0fnLnf k6


k|f=8f= d's'Gb/fh cof{n n]V5g\– …Ps kxfl8of ufpFdf hGd]/ afNosfnd} ljjfx ePsL / cf}krfl/s lzIff gkfPsL Ps s'nLg a|fXd0fLn] === ufpF3/df kfOg] rLhaf6 d;L tof/ u/L n]v]sf] k6 xf] of] .Ú ;ft bzscl3 ljljw /ªdf sf]l/Psf] of] lrqsf] yk JofVof ub}{ k|f=8f= cof{n eG5g\– …s[i0f hGdfi6dLsf] pknIodf ul/g] wfld{s snfnfO{ nf}lss ¿kdf hLjGt /fVg] klZrdf~rnsf] ;+:s[lt cg'?k s"df{~rnL a|fXd0fL gf/L ju{df k/Dk/f ¿kn] ljBdfg 5 . oxL k|frLg k/Dk/f o; k6df /fd|/L ‰lNsPsf] 5 .Ú

@)!^ ;fndf dxfslj b]jsf]6fdfly k':ts n]v]/ dbg k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{ o'js lgTo/fh kf08]n] j[4fj:yfdf cfˆgL dftf ljBfs'df/L kf08]sf] :d[ltdf k|sflzt u/]sf x'g\ of] ;fgf] dl;gf] k':ts . pgn] k':tssf ;fydf 5'§} ;f] …k6Ú klg k|sflzt ul/lbPsfn] k':ts dxŒjk"0f{ ePsf] 5 . ‰§ x]bf{ s]xL ga'l‰g] ;f] lrqsf] lj:t[t JofVof 8f= cof{n / snfsf/ xl/k|;fb zdf{n] u/]sf 5g\ . h;af6 Tof] k6 s]xL af]wuDo ePsf] 5 clg k':ts klg d"Nojfg ag]sf] 5 .

sbL

g]kfnL ;dfhsf gofF–gofF kxn'n] kf7snfO{ tflg/xG5 . k|zf;g / /fhgLltsf] :jfy{ s;/L hf]l8Psf] 5, / k|zf;gleq s;/L csf]{ k|zf;g x'ls{/x]sf] 5 eg]/ k':tsn] 5n{Ë kf5{ .

lghL cg'ejdf cfwfl/t eP klg g]kfnn] cfTdk|z+;faf6 hf]lug] n]vsLo v'aL b]vfPsf 5g\ / tYout k|;Ëx¿n] k':tsnfO{ uxlsnf] agfPsf] 5 . of] k':ts g]kfnL ;dfh a'´g–a'‰fpg rfxg] ljBfyL{ / lzIfsb]lv kqsf/, ;dfhzf:qL, dfgjzf:qL, cy{zf:qL, k|zf;s / /fhgLltsdL{;DdnfO{ pkof]uL b]lvG5 .

8Da/s[i0f >]i7

ljBfs'df/L kf08]n]n]v]sf] s[i0fnLnf k6;Dkfbs÷k|sfzsM lgTo/fh kf08]

k[i7M !^±k6, d"NoM ?=!@%

b'lgofFsf] gh/df xfdLn] JolQmut /dfOnf] / df]hd:tLsf nflu l8:sf] vf]n]sf lyof}+ . /S;L vfg] 7fpF, s]6f–s]6L gfl/P/ gfRg] 7fpF eg]kl5 dfG5]x¿ To;} gfs v'DRofpFy] . xfd|f nflu eg] z'4 lahg]zeGbf a9L s]xL lyPg . lbgel/ c¿ 7fpFdf hlt cNnf/] ag]/ lx+8] klg sfddf ls/0f / d b'j} cg'zfl;t lyof}+ . l8:sf] l5gf{;fy xfd|f] xfpefp cs}{ x'GYof] . Psbd k|f]km];gn .

d a9\b} lyPF . d]/f] sf/f]af/ a9\b} lyof] . d]/f] clkm; a9\b} lyof] .

=== g]zgn kfgf;f]lgs / ;'h'sL df]6;{ h:tf ax'/fli6«o sDkgL;Fu ;DaGw hf]8]sf] lyPF . Pp6f

alnof], zlQmzfnL / ;kmn sDkgLsf] cfwf/lznf tof/ ePsf] lyof], h;sf] cfˆgf] 5'§} skf]{/]6 clkm; lyof] . k'/fgf] …d'lgdÚ z}nLsf] Joj:yfkgaf6 km8\sf] df/]/ d}n] skf]{/]6 ;+:sf/df kfOnf 6]s]sf] lyPF . cUnf] 3/af6 d]/f] cfFvfsf] bfo/f c‰ km/flsnf] eof] . d]/f] ;kgfdf gofF kv]6f knfof] . d kv]6f km8\sfg{ tof/ ePF .

…e'/fdn n'gs/0fbf; rf}w/LÚ sf] Jofg/n] gofF sDkgLsf] ¿k lnO;s]sf] lyof] . …rf}w/L u'|kÚ .

xfdL ca cGt/f{li6«o lj:tf/ b'O{ tl/sfaf6 u5f}{+— cuf{lgs / Ogcuf{lgs . clxn];Dd h] eO/x]sf] 5, Tof] cuf{lgs j[l4 xf] . Pskl5 csf]{ yKb} hfg] jf klxn]s} 7fpFdf Ifdtf a9fpg] . Ogcuf{lgs j[l4df gofF 7fpFdf gofF sDkgL vf]Ng] xf]Og, eO/x]sf :yflkt sDkgL lslgG5 . o;n] sd ;dod} lj:tf/sf] ult c‰ tLj| x'g hfG5 . casf] r/0fdf xfdL cuf{lgs;Fu} Ogcuf{lgs j[l4nfO{ k|fyldstf;fy cl3 a9fpFb} 5f}+ . ;+;f/el/ rfprfp jf PkmPd;LhLsf zlQmzfnL sDkgL vf]Hb}5f}+, hf];Fu ldn]/ hfFbf xfd|f] pTkfbg ljljwLs/0f / ahf/ lj:tf/df ;3fp k'U5 . === h:tf], rLgdf xfd|f] ahf/ hld;s]sf] 5}g . ToxfF z"Goaf6 z'¿ ug'{eGbf :yfgLo:t/sf] s'g} 7"nf] sDkgL lsGof] eg] /ftf/ft gofF ahf/ aG5 . cfl;ofg, clk|msf / k"j{ ;f]leot o'lgog If]qdf oxL of]hgf 5 . oL ;a} If]qdf ;Defljt sDkgL vf]Hg OGe]i6d]G6 AofÍ/x¿nfO{ kl/rfng u/]sf 5f}+ .

sDtLdf jfOjfO;Fu} x'ls{Psf k':tf hxfFhxfF k'u]sf 5g\, ToxfFToxfF jfOjfO gk'¥ofO{ d of] ofqf la;fpFlbgF .

oL ;Dk"0f{ s'/fsf] w/ftndf pleP/ d s] ljZjf;sf ;fy eGg ;S5' eg], ;LhL km'8\; -Unf]an_ s'g} lbg ef/tsf] :6s PS;r]Gh x'Fb} l;+ufk'/ / Go"of]s{ :6s PS;r]Ghdf ;"rLs[t x'g]5 .

/, o;f] x'g' eg]sf] ljlnog 8n/ sDkgLsf] ;kgf k"/f x'g' xf] .

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x'g] la?jfsf] lrNnf] kft Û of] pvfg % df3df ;DkGg lx6\; PkmPd Do'lhs cjf8{df dlxnftkm{sf] ufog pkflw lhTg] /lhgf l/dfn -@)_ df nfu" x'G5 . ;ft jif{s} pd]/b]lv zf:qLo ;+uLt l;Sg yfn]sL /lhgf !# jif{sf] x'Fbf …;k'tÚ lkmNdsf] …Kn]Aofs l;+u/Ú eOg\ eg] !% jif{df klxnf] cNad …k/LÚ lgsflng\ . pgsf] klxnf] cNadsf] …dfG5] x'g ;s'F===Ú / xfn;fn} ;fj{hlgs bf];|f] Psn cNad …/lhgfÚsf] …kfgLsf] kmf]sf h:t}===Ú lgs} rlr{t /x] . lkmNd …gfOF geGg' nÚ sf] zLif{ uLt ufPkl5 g]kfnL lkmNdsL Jo:t kfZj{uflosf ag]sL /lhgfn] xfn;Dd ^)) uLt ufO;lsg\ .

dxLgfdf ;/b/ !% uLt ufO/x]sL /lhgfsf] :j/ /f]dfl06s, ;]l06d]06n, cfO6d ;a}vfn] lkmNddf …lkm6Ú dflgPsf] 5 . Pp6L rlr{t uflosfsf] ¿kdf :6]h

sfo{qmdx¿df klg pgL Jo:t l5g\ . oxL Jo:ttfsf] aLrdf @) df3df w/fgdf x'g] k"jf{~rn cfO8n k|ltof]lutfdf lg0ff{os aGg] lgDtf] :jLsf/]sL /lhgf cu|hx¿sf] eGbf sd pd]/df a9L cjf8{ tyf k'/:sf/ lhTg] uflosfdf

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x'g] la?jfsf] lrNn ]% df3df ;DkGg lxcjf8{df dlxnftkm{s/lhgf l/dfn -@)_ jif{s} pd]/b]lv zf:yfn]sL /lhgf !# lkmNdsf] …Kn]Aofs l;jif{df klxnf] cNadpgsf] klxnf] cNad/ xfn;fn} ;fj{hlg…/lhgfÚsf] …kfgLsf]rlr{t /x] . lkmNd zLif{ uLt ufPkl5 gkfZj{uflosf ag]sL ^)) uLt ufO;lsg

dxLgfdf ;/b/ /lhgfsf] :j/ /f]dflcfO6d ;a}vfn] lkm5 . Pp6L rlr{t

sfo{qmdx¿df oxL Jo:ttw/fgdf k|ltof]llgDtf] cu|hxpd]/dk'/:s

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lkmNd ;flxTo snf dgf]/~hg


lkmNd ;flxTo snf dgf]/~hg /d‰fd

ljjfx, a|taGw, u[x k|j]z, gofF 3/sf] hu xfNbf jf u|xuf]r/sf] nflu

Hof]ltif k/fdz{ lng] g]kfnLx¿ kqklqsfsf /flzkmn / /]l8of]–6]lnlehgdf cfpg] Hof]ltif sfo{qmdx¿df ;d]t lgs} rf;f] /fV5g\ . Hof]ltif ljBf k9]/ dflg;x¿sf] o:tf] lh1f;f d]6fpg] k]z]j/ Hof]ltifx¿ bfd;Fu} gfd sdfO/x]sf 5g\ . 7"nf] nufgLdf d]l8l;g, OlGhlgol/ª jf kfOnl6ª k9]sfx¿ a]/f]huf/ a:g' k/] klg 5fqj[lQ jf sd vr{df kmlnt Hof]ltif k9]sf Hof]ltifx¿sf] k]zf dhfn] hd]sf] /fli6«o dlxnf Hof]ltif ;+3sL

ljjfx, a|taGw, hGdlbg, gofF jif{ of k"hfcfhfsf c¿ cj;/df cfkm\gf] u|x–gIfq hfGg pT;'s dflg;x¿sf] lh1f;f d]6fOlbg] dlxnf Hof]ltifx¿n] 3/} a;L–a;L cfsif{s cfDbfgL ul//x]sf 5g\ .

dLgf zdf{

cWoIf /lt hf]zL >]i7 atfpFl5g\ . pgL elG5g\, æHof]ltifnfO{ k]zf agfpg] dlxnf klg w]/} 5g\ .Æ

sf7df8f} + gofF;8ssL /ltn] /fli6«o jfl0fHo AofÍsf] #) jif{] ;]jfsfnd} jfNdLls ljBfkL7df kmlnt Hof]ltif k9]sL lyOg\ . tLg jif{b]lv Hof]ltif k]zfsf nflu sDKo'6/ vf]Ng yfn]sL pgL g]jf/L b}lgs klqsf ;GWof 6fOD; df lgoldt /flzkmn klg n]lv/x]sL 5g\ . sltko dflg; ToxL /flzkmn x]/]/ yk k/fdz{sf nflu pgnfO{ vf]Hb} cfOk'U5g\ . æsd{sf08 eg]sf] hLljsf]kfh{g klg xf]Æ,

cy{zf:qdf PdP /lt elG5g\, æof] ljBfn] w]/} dlxnfnfO{ hflu/ rflxof] eGb} s;}sf] 9f]sfdf k'Ug' gkg]{ agfPsf] 5 .Æ

;xh cfo;|f]t;dfhzf:qdf :gftsf]Q/ / Joj:yfkgdf :gfts sLlt{k'/sL ;'wf af:sf]6fn] s'n]Zj/df Hof]ltif cg';Gwfg s]Gb| vf]n]sf] tLg jif{ eof] . Hof]ltif ljBfdf !) jif{ :jfWofog u/]/ l8NnLahf/l:yt k"jL{o bz{g ljBfkL7df b'O{jif{] kmlnt Hof]ltif sf]if{ k"/f u/]sL pgL s'g} klg k]z]j/ Hof]ltifn] ug]{ hGds'08nL

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tfKn]h'ªaf6 NofOPsf] Ps lsl;dsf] hËnL ‰ofp / w/fg] sfnf] a+u'/sf] df;'sf] ;lDd>0faf6 aGg] …;fu]{DafÚsf] :jfb rfVg' ePsf] 5 < 5}g eg] ef6e6]gLl:yt lrlgofF b"tfjf; cufl8sf] gf]of]h /]i6'/]06df hfg';\, Ps Kn]6sf] hDdf ?=!%) kg]{ of] …l6lksnÚ ls/ft kl/sf/n] tkfO{+sf] kf/vL lha|f]nfO{ laNs'n} gf}nf] :jfb lbg]5 . cfuf]df kf]n]sf] df;'sf] c;nL :jfbsf nflu w/fgd} kf]n]/ NofOPsf] …:df]s ks{Ú ;]s'jf klg gf]of]hsf] ljz]if kl/sf/ xf], h;sf] :jfb csf]{ ?=!%) df lng ;lsG5 . kf/vLx¿n] a+u'/sf] csf]{ kl/sf/ …ks{ s/LÚ klg lgs} ?rfPsf] /]i6'/]06sL k|f]k|fO6/ jiff{ lnDa' atfpFl5g\ . c8{/ cg';f/ zfsfxf/L kl/sf/ ;d]t kfOg] gf]of]hdf w/fg] :6fOnsf] dd / cfn'bd–/f]6L klg lgs} rn]sf] 5 .

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agfpg], 3/ agfpg nfu]sfx¿nfO{ jf:t' k/fdz{ lbg] nufot ;a} sfddf kf]Vt l5g\ . pgLsxfF …tkfO{+n] eg]sf] k'Uof]Ú eGb} k6s—k6s cfpg] dflg; w]/} 5g\ .

ptf, bf]nvf lxn]kfgLsf] ;+:s[t dfljdf k9]/ jfNdLls ljBfkL7af6 kmlnt Hof]ltifdf cfrfo{ u/]sL /f]wgf l3ld/] 7"n} :t/sf] cg';Gwfg s]Gb| vf]Ng] k|of;df l5g\ . ;+:s[t lzIffk|lt dflg;x¿sf] b[li6sf]0f Tolt ;sf/fTds geP klg kmlnt Hof]ltif k9\g]x¿sf] sdfO g]kfn ;/sf/sf] pkNnf] >]0fLsf clws[tsf] eGbf /fd|f] ePsf] atfpg] pgL &% lhNnfdf zfvf ePsf] ;+:yfdfkm{t dlxnfnfO{ o;df cfslif{t ug]{ of]hgfdf l5g\ . %& lhNnfdf zfvf lj:tf/ ePsf] g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /f]wgf 3/ a;L–a;L /fd|f] cfDbfgL x'g] ePsfn] Hof]ltifdf dlxnfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg cfjZos 7flG5g\ . æs;n] s] k9\g] eGbf klg, eljio /fd|f] kfg{ ;lsg] ljifo 5fGg' dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f xf]Æ, pgL elG5g\ .

jfNdLls ljBfkL7df pQ/dWodf bf];|f] jif{df cWoog/t sf7df8f}+, g}sfksf] Hof]ltif

kl/jf/sL km"ndfof Gof}kfg] jif{el/ cfˆgf] u|xbzf s:tf] rNb}5, s'g /Tg wf/0f ug'{k5{ / s'g b]jtfsf] k"hf ubf{ /fd|f] x'G5 eGg]df pT;'s dflg;x¿ Hof]ltifx¿sf] cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]t ePsf] atfpFl5g\ . eljio x]/fpg], k"hfkf7 / cGo sd{sf08df dlxnfn] a9L rf;f] /fVg] ePsf]n] kmlnt Hof ] ltifdf dlxnf g} cfpFbf /fd|f] x'g] 7flG5g\, pgL . jfNdLlsaf6} cfrfo{ u/]sf pgsf >Ldfg\ klg Hof]ltif k]zfd} 5g\ .

Ps dxLgfcl3 lxdfn ;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf jfNdLls ljBfkL7sf pk k | fWofks k += lzj/fh ;'j]bLn] kl5Nnf] ;do kmlnt Hof]ltif k9\g] dlxnfsf] ;+Vof a9]sf] / tLdWo] w]/}n] o;nfO{ Joj;fo agfPsf]df k|zGgtf JoQm u/]sf lyP . æjfNdLlsdf k9]sfx¿ hd{gL, cd]l/sf nufot ljZjsf !^ b]zsf ljZjljBfnodf sfo{/t 5g\Æ, !! df3df b]xfj;fg ePsf k+= ;'j]bLsf] u'gf;f] lyof], æJofs/0f / g]kfnLsf] /fd|f]

1fg ePsf lzIfs vf ]Hb } ljBfkL7df cfpg]x¿n] vfnLxft kmls{g' kl//x]sf] 5 .Æ

g]kfn ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno cGtu{t clxn] !$ cflËs / kfFr ;DaGwg k|fKt u/L !( ljBfkL7 5g\ . oL ljBfkL7x¿df ;+:s[t;Fu} c+u|]hL, ul0ft nufot !& ljifosf] k9fO x'G5 .

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dgk/LæpkGof;sf] dd{ glauf/L rnlrq

agfpg :jLs[lt lbPsf lyof}+, t/ dgk/L b[Zo /fv]5g\ .Æ of] kZrfQfkk"0f{ egfO :g]x ;fo\ldsf] xf], pg} ;b:o;lrj /x]sf] kfl/hft :d[lt s]Gb|n] @)@@ ;fnsf] dbg k'/:sf/ ljh]tf pkGof; lz/Lifsf] km"n dfly rnlrq agfpg] cg'dlt lbPsf] lyof] . cGt/f{li6«o hutdf g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ lrgfPsf] of] s[ltdfly l;g]df aGg lbg' jf aGg' ;'vb\ eP klg lgdf{0f kIfn] s[ltdfly cGofo u/]sf] s]Gb|sf] egfO 5 .

x'g klg, lqmo;g g]kfnsf] Aofg/df hfkfgL lgb]{zs tf];LcfsL Otf]sf] sdfn elgPsf] of] rnlrq x]bf{ O{Zj/jfbL nfU5, hals pkGof; lg:;f/jfbdf cfwfl/t 5 . ljof]ufGt syfnfO{ ;+of]ufGt agfOPsf] 5 . ;sDa/Lsf] d[To'kl5 ;'of]ujL/ ;8sdf ef}+tfl/Psf] cj:yfdf pkGof; ;lsG5, t/ lkmNddf pgL ufpF uPsf] b]lvG5 . lg:;f/ hLjgb[li6 af]s]sf] pkGof;nfO{ l;g]dfdf /f]dflG6s agfpg vf]lhPsf] 5 . k|l;4 s[ltx¿dfly ag]sf lkmNddf clncln dtleGgtf x'G5g\ g} . t/, of] rnlrqsf] ;xlgb]{zs /x]sf ljho/Tg t'nfw/ bz{sn] b'vfGt dg gk/fpg] x'gfn] ;'vfGt agfOlbPsf] atfpF5g\, h;af6 lz/Lifsf] km"n s;/L g]kfnL pvfgsf] …u'Pnfsf] km"nÚ aGg k'Uof] eGg] a'‰fpF5 . cyf{t\, lgdf{0f kIfn] s[ltsf] cf]h / cy{ g} ga'‰L To;sf] k|l;l4af6 kmfObf lng vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 .

nfeaf6 ljnfk :d[lt s]Gb|n] d+;L/ @)^! df rnlrq lz/Lifsf] km"n lgdf{0fsf] cg'dlt hut /fhynfsf] hldg lkmNd;\nfO{ lbPsf] lyof] . o;sf] klxnf] k6syf÷;+jfb gog/fh kf08]n] n]v]sf lyP, h;nfO{ kl5 km]/abn ul/of] . rnlrqsf csf{ ;xlgb]{zs b]zeQm vgfn cfkm"n] hfkfgL lgb]{zs / lgdf{0f kIfnfO{ dgf]dfgL ug{af6 /f]Sg g;s]sf] atfP . pgL eG5g\, æb[Zox¿ dgk/L 9+un] 3';fOof] .Æ

lz/Lifsf] km"n sf] yfngLn] g} cz'e ;+s]t b]vfPsf] lyof] . :d[lt s]Gb| / lgdf{0f kIfaLr @)^# leq rnlrq agfO;Sg] ;xdlt ePsf]df /fhynfn] cd]l/sfsf] d]/LNof08 o'lgel;{6Lsf] sf]if{df /x]sf] of] s[ltsf] gfddf ljleGg JolQm;Fu k};f c;'n]sf] ;dfrf/x¿ ;fj{hlgs x'g yfn] . To;kl5 cfkm"n] …l8nÚ u/]sf] lkmNdd]s/sf] x}l;otk|lt z+sfn' ag]sf] s]Gb|n] @ c;f/ @)^$ df PstkmL{ ¿kdf ;xdlt÷:jLs[lt e+u u¥of], t/ /fhynfsf] ;d"xn] slxn] ljkLgh+u /f0ff, slxn] g/]z s];L t slxn] Otf]sf] gfd

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k|Voft ;flxTosf/ kfl/hftsf] cd/s[lt lz/Lifsf] km"n dfly ag]sf] rnlrqn] æefª\u|fsf] 6f]kLdf u'Pnfsf] km"nÆ eGg] g]kfnL pvfg ;D‰ffPsf] 5 .



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cfkm\gf] …sl/c/Úsf] lg0ff{os x'gk'u]sf] rnlrq y|L ne;{ / slnp8 Pskl5 csf]{ 8'jfgdf k/]kl5 gflosf lk|o+sf sfsL{af6 tfltg] cfzf ul/Psf] g]kfnL lkmNd ahf/ ;]nfpg yfn]sf] 5 . ld; l6g @))% /x]sL pgL …g]kfnL lkmNddf hDgs} nfluÚ >Ldfg\nfO{ cd]l/sfdf 5f8]/ g]kfn kms]{sL lyOg\ . t/, …8fOlgª 6]a'n ;]S;Ú sf] /f]df~rsf/L cg'ej ;d]t ;'gfP/ rlr{t ePsL lk|o+sfsf] clegoaf6 g]kfnL l;g] bz{s ;Gt'i6 ePgg\ . ca lk|o+sfn] pQ]hs t:jL/ / To:t} ukmsf] ;xf/f lnlG5g\ ls clego ltvfl5{g\, pgsf] …sl/c/Ú To;}df lge{/ b]lvG5 .

ukm dfq} Û

Clif/fd s§]n

kf6L{ sfo{stf{ elt{ ul/Psf] 5Æ, ;+o'Qm ;+3if{ ;ldltsf cWoIf gjn v8\sf eG5g\, æca xfdL;Fu kKk'hLnfO{ af]8{df k:g} glbg], b]ze/sf lkmNd xn 7Kk kfg]{, ;'l6ªx¿ /f]Sg] nufotsf ;zQm lj/f]w sfo{qmdsf] ljsNk /x]g .Æ

s]nfOPsf] gf6s dfOnf 86 sd cgfdgu/l:yt d08n lyP6/df hf/L 5 . df3 ^–@) ;Dd d~rg x'g] of] gf6sdf sfd ug]{ qmddf cwa}+;] ;fx'gLn] u/]sf] bofdfofnfO{ dfOnfn] k|]dsf] ¿kdf a'´g yfN5 . o;/L hjfg dfOnfsf] of}g dgf]bzf s]nfOPsf] /f]rs gf6sdf /fhg vltj8f / l;h{gf ;'Aafn] -x]= t:jL/_ s'zn clego u/]sf 5g\ . oxL sf/0f, bofxfª /fO{åf/f lnlvt÷lgb]{lzt dfOnf

86 sd sf] !&cf}+ k|bz{gn] klg /fd|} u/L bz{s kfO/x]sf] 5 .



g]kfn rnlrq ljsf; af]8{df rnlrqsdL{s} g]t[Tj x'g'kg]{ nufotsf ( a'Fb] dfu /fVb} cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf snfsf/x¿ ;/sf/n] wd]{Gb| d/j}tf -kKk'_ nfO{ af]8{ cWoIfdf lgo'St u/]kl5 ‰g} lalRsPsf 5g\ .

@% k';b]lv cfGbf]ng/t !$ ;+3;+:yf cfa4 ;+o'Qm ;+3if{ ;ldltn] clxn];Dd sfnf] k§L nufP/ ;8sdf cfpg]b]lv ljsf; af]8{df tfnf nufpg] / l/n] cg;g;Ddsf sfo{qmd ul//xFbf ;+rf/dGqL /fhlszf]/ ofbjsf] l;kmfl/;df dlGqkl/ifb\n] !@ df3df kKk'nfO{ lgo'Qm u/]sf] xf] . æxfd|f] dfu ljk/Lt af]8{df km]l/

‰fg\ lalRsP rnlrqsdL{

d08nfdf dfOnfsf]

dgf]bzf

sl/Zdf dfgGw/ / z'eb|f clwsf/L .

Clif/fd

s§]n

lbk]z

/fh y

f?

cfkm\gf] …sl/c/Úsf] lg0ff{os x'gk'u]sf] rnlrq y|L ne;{ / slnp8 Pskl5 csf]{ 8'jfgdf k/]kl5 gflosf lk|o+sf sfsL{af6 tfltg] cfzf ul/Psf] g]kfnL lkmNd ahf/ ;]nfpg yfn]sf] 5 . ld; l6g @))% /x]sL pgL …g]kfnL lkmNddf hDgs} nfluÚ >Ldfg\nfO{ cd]l/sfdf 5f8]/ g]kfn kms]{sL lyOg\ . t/, …8fOlgª 6]a'n ;]S;Ú sf] /f]df~rsf/L cg'ej ;d]t ;'gfP/ rlr{t ePsL lk|o+sfsf] clegoaf6 g]kfnL l;g] bz{s ;Gt'i6 ePgg\ . ca lk|o+sfn] pQ]hs t:jL/ / To:t} ukmsf] ;xf/f lnlG5g\ ls clego ltvfl5{g\, pgsf] …sl/c/Ú To;}df lge{/ b]lvG5 .

ukm dfq} Û

Clif/fd s§]n

kf6L{ sfo{stf{ elt{ ul/Psf] 5Æ, ;+o'Qm ;+3if{ ;ldltsf cWoIf gjn v8\sf eG5g\, æca xfdL;Fu kKk'hLnfO{ af]8{df k:g} glbg], b]ze/sf lkmNd xn 7Kk kfg]{, ;'l6ªx¿ /f]Sg] nufotsf ;zQm lj/f]w sfo{qmdsf] ljsNk /x]g .Æ

syfsf/ /fhjsf] kfFrf}+ syf ;+u|x …sd/]8 8«fOe/Ú k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . /fhjsf syfdf b]z–ljb]zsf g]kfnL ;dfh / /fhgLltsf qm"/td oyfy{x¿nfO{ snfTds :kz{sf ;fy ;hLj ¿kdf ptfl/Psf x'G5g\ . syfn]vgdf ljz]if uBz}nL, b[li6sf]0f / sYo 5gf]6 ePsf /fhjn] kf7snfO{ cfˆg} lsl;dsf] ;+j]lbt prfOdf k'¥ofpF5g\ . ;f+lu|nf a'S;af6 k|sflzt /fhjsf] …sd/]8 8«fOe/Údf ;dfh / /fhgLltsf lj;+ult;Fu} ;afN6{g hLjgsf oyfy{x¿ ku]{lnPsf !^ syf ;d]l6Psf 5g\ .

/fhjsf] gofF syf;+u|x

lrof k;nsL ;fx'gL / sfdbf/ dfOnfaLr x'g] b}lgs ;xsfo{sf] k|efj s]nfOPsf] gf6s dfOnf 86 sd cgfdgu/l:yt d08n lyP6/df hf/L 5 . df3 ^–@) ;Dd d~rg x'g] of] gf6sdf sfd ug]{ qmddf cwa}+;] ;fx'gLn] u/]sf] bofdfofnfO{ dfOnfn] k|]dsf] ¿kdf a'´g yfN5 . o;/L hjfg dfOnfsf] of}g dgf]bzf s]nfOPsf] /f]rs gf6sdf /fhg vltj8f / l;h{gf ;'Aafn] -x]= t:jL/_ s'zn clego u/]sf 5g\ . oxL sf/0f, bofxfª /fO{åf/f lnlvt÷lgb]{lzt dfOnf 86 sd sf] !&cf}+ k|bz{gn] klg /fd|} u/L bz{s kfO/x]sf] 5 .


clGtd kfgfcfgGb kL /fO{

ltnf}/fsf]6sf] ;dfrf/ ÛzfSod'lg a'4k|lt af}4dfuL{ dfq xf]Og, ;+;f/sf c¿ wdf{jnDaLx¿

klg gtd:ts x'G5g\ . pgsf] 5ljn] gfl:tsnfO{ ;d]t zflGtsf] cg'e"lt u/fpF5 . o:tf ljZj w/f]x/sf] hGd:yn n'lDagL k'Ug rfxg] dflg; ljZjdf s/f]8f}+ 5g\ . oxL s'/fnfO{ dgg u/]/ ;/sf/n] 8]9 s/f]8 ?k}ofF vr]{/ rnfPsf] n'lDagL e|d0f jif{–@)!@ sf] ;dfkg @ df3df k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{n] u/] .

;df/f]x:yndf afFl8Psf] a'6jnaf6 k|sflzt Pp6f b}lgssf] ;dfrf/ o:tf] lyof]– …!% lbg l9nf] u/L z'¿ ePsf] n'lDagL e|d0f jif{ @)!@ TolQ g} lbgkl5 cfh ;dfkg x'Fb}5 . ===pb\3f6g /fi6«fWoIfn] ug'{eof] eg] ;dfkg sfdrnfp k|wfgdGqLn] ub}{ x'g'x'G5 . e|d0f jif{ ;dfkgsf nflu n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf ;+:s[lt dGqL Pj+ dfcf]jfbL g]tf uf]kfn ls/ftL ;f]daf/ ;fF‰ n'lDagL cfOk'Ug'ePsf] 5 .Ú d~rdf eg] k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{;Fu kf]xf]/ h]7d} ;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqL ag]sf kf]i6axfb'/ af]u6L lj/fhdfg lyP . of] ;dfrf/af/] n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf Ps kbflwsf/Lsf] k|ltlqmof o:tf] lyof], ældl8ofn] hlxNo} o;} u5{ .Æ

o;n] Psflt/ …clnslt lgb]{lzt, clnslt l;lh{tÚ z}nLdf rNg] xfnsf sf]if kbflwsf/Lx¿n] n'lDagLsf] ljsf;df ldl8of kl/rfng ug{ / cfˆg} sfdx¿ a'‰fpg ;d]t g;s]sf] b]vfpF5 eg] csf{lt/ ldl8of klg n'lDagLaf6 6fl9Psf] b]vfpF5 . o;/L cfˆgf] ;Dkbfk|ltsf] ;/f]sf/af6 6fl9+bf ef/tsf] …klAnl;6L :6G6Ú df kmF:g] vt/f b]lvPsf] 5 . h:tf], e|d0f jif{ ;dfkgsf] cj;/df ToxL+ ePsf] af}4 ;Dd]ngdf k|f]km];/ /ljg slg+3fd nufotsf …cyl/6LÚ ljåfgx¿n] af}4 w/f]x/x¿af/] k|:t't u/]sf sfo{kqx¿ ;dfrf/sf ljifo ag]gg\, ToxL cjlwdf a'4dfof xf]6ndf cfof]lht k|bz{gLdf pQ/k|b]z ko{6g af]8{n] /fv]sf] z'4f]wgsf] b/af/ clnu9jfdf lyof] eGg] k|rf/n] dxŒj kfof] . o:tf] k|fof]lht bfaLnfO{ xfdLn] slt~h]n x]8nfOg agfO/xg] <

l;4fy{ uf}td g]kfnsf] n'lDagLdf hGd], !( jif]{ /fh;L hLjgkl5 slknj:t'sf] ltnf}/fsf]6 b/af/af6 dxflgleifqmd0f u/]/ ef/tsf] af]wuofdf a'4Tj k|fKt u/] . To;kl5sf] ;dodf pgL ;+ejtM b'O{

k6s lktf z'4f]wgnfO{ e]6\g ltnf}/fsf]6 cfP . b/af/df ga:g] x'gfn] a'4sf] la;f}gL x'GYof]– cfh g]kfnsf] ;Ldfdf kg]{ ef/t, pQ/k|b]zl:yt lkk/xjfsf] clnu9jf / ugjl/of . a'4sf] dxfkl/lgjf{0fkl5 oL 7fpFdf zfSox¿n] laxf/ -b/af/ x}g_ agfP, h;sf] pTvgg ;g\ !(&!–&^ df eof] . af}4 ;flxTo / k'/ftŒjljb\x¿n] ;k|df0f eg]sf s'/f log} x'g\ .

vf;df, g]kfnn] cfˆgf] rfdn glasfpFbf ef/tn] kL7f] lasfpg vf]h]sf] dfq xf] . o;sf nflu p;n] clnu9jf / ugjl/of -h]tjg ljxf/_ df nufgL klg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . t/, g]kfnn] cfkm"lt/sf] ljZj ;Dkbfdf g nufgL u/]sf] 5 g t ;xL k|rf/ . /fdu|fd, b]jbx cflb ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / of]hgfa4 ljsf; tyf ltnf}/fsf]6sf] yk pTvggsf] t s'/} 5f8f}+ n'lDagLnfO{ g} bfgkfq agfOPsf] 5, ;w}+ c¿n] bfd xflnlbg'kg]{ . n'lDagL ljsf; kl/of]hgf, ljsf; ;ldlt x'Fb} ljsf; sf]if;Dd cfOk'Ubf n'lDagLdf eO/x]sf] ;/sf/L nufgLn] ToxL b]vfpF5 .

;g\ !(&) df n'lDagL ljsf; kl/of]hgf aGbf o;sf nflu rflxg] ?=^ s/f]8 bftfx¿af6} h'6fpg] Wo]o /flvPsf]df n'lDagL e|d0f jif{– @)!@ sf] k|d'v p2]Zo klg …a'4sf] hGd:yn n'lDagLnfO{ ljZjsf] k|d'v tLy{:ynsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug]{ / o;sf nflu /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]usf] cfXjfg ug]{Ú /Xof] . k|f]km];/ s]Ghf] 6fFu]sf] n'lDagL u'?of]hgfnfO{ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] :jLs[t u/]sf] rf/ bzsdf jflif{s ;/sf/L nufgL hDdf ?=!! s/f]8 5 . sf]if eg] ?=& ca{sf] of]hgf af]s]/ a:g afWo 5 .

/ klg, ;sf/fTds b[li6n] x]bf{ n'lDagLdf w]/} sfd ePsf] b]lvG5 . u'?of]hgf cg';f/sf tnfp / pBfgx¿ wdfwd alg/x]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf ;g\ @)!@ df n'lDagL cfpg] b]zL–ljb]zL ltyf{n'sf] ;+Vof XjfQ} a9]sf] 5 . o;df klg g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof t tLg nfv gf} xhf/ %&) af6 kfFr nfv #( xhf/ @!) k'u]sf] /x]5 . o;n] e|d0f jif{sf] cjlwdf b]zleq / aflx/ ePsf] k|rf/–k|;f/n] sfd u/]sf] eGg / cfpFbf] ;dodf yk kl/0ffd b]lvg] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu sf]if a9L kf/bzL{ / ldl8ofd}qL x'Fbf /fd|f] Û

cfgfGb kL /fO{

n'lDagLsf] …;]G6«n SofgnÚdf l:6d/ ofqf .

b=g+= ^% )$%÷$^ d

=If]=x'=b=g+= )* )^(÷&)

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16-29 Magh 2069