19. 응용 프로그래밍

Title of Presentation

19. NameTitleCompany Name2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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10 2 ()

bin , line 21 22

line 21 j i-1 while i++; n>0 i 1 i-1


10 2 ( )

2 n/2 n stack (push) 2 1 stack (pop) n%2 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

10 2 ( ) 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

10 2 ( )


10 8 10 25 8 31(8)

8 25 8 0 8 31 . 8 10 .


10 8

2 2 8 8 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

10 8


C (bit) . : (bit wise) (bit shift)

(shift) " , " .2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

&(AND), |(OR) ^(XOR) 2 ~()


( ) (&) (bit mask) . 2 ?

1, 0 AND 1 .


( ) XOR '^' 1, 0 , (encode), (decode) .


10 10 itoa


(random number) .

: ,

(simulation) , (pseudo) .


1 99 (k) , (m) .

k 35 m 70 " " 0 .2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.



1, 2 3 rand 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 . 0


1, 2, 3 com



.

, .

. 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

10 1~9 , .

, dan, num . dap .


.

10

scanf 10 .

gotoxy 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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dan num , dap .2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

( )10 'O', 'X' . dan num , dap .


[ 19-11]line 1~line 14 [ 19-10]


? ? 1000 ? ? 2020 ? . . .


time localtime asctime . time 1970 1 1 (second) localtime .


localtime tm , .


, . (A), (B) .

time clock


( time clock) time .2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

.

Sleep(S ) 1/1000 . 5 Sleep(5000) . Sleep .


Sleep(3500) 3.5 . "start!" 3.5 "end" , "time : 3.500000"


kbhit . , 0 , 0 . kbhit .

while .

! (not) !kbhit 0 , !kbhit 0 .2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

! (not) !kbhit 0 , !kbhit 0 .


: 2003 4 15 2008 5 6 : 2020 5 5 : 2006 1 1 1000

C . . .


a b (1 1 1) .

a 2007 3 20 (1 1 1) a .

[ 1] 1 1 1 , 2006 12 31 [ 2] 2007 1 1 (2 ) [ 3] = [ 1] +[ 2] +20 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

a b a 2007 3 20

[ 1] 1 1 1 , 2006 12 31

[ 2] 2007 1 1 (2 )


a b a 2007 3 20

[ 1] 1 1 1 , 2006 12 31

[ 2] 2007 1 1 (2 )



(descriptive statistics) : , (inferential statistics) : .

30 .


( ) : (mean), (mode), (median) .

(mean) : n n .


() . , . .



()(median) . (sort) . n (order statistics) x(1), x(2), x(3), , x(n) . x(1) , x(n)

n .


() line 12~19 bubble , line 20~23 n


() () (range), (variance), (standard deviation), (inter-quartile range), (coefficient of variation) .


( ) S2 S .


( )


.


( ) (frequency distribution table) . 10


( ) a (k) freq[k]

38 k=38/10=3(3 , 30~39) , freq[3] 1 . 56 k=56/10=5(5 , 50~59) , freq[5] 1 .


( ) . freq[]

: () [] () '' .


( )


( ) (stem & leaf plot) .stem * 1 , 0~9 2* 20~29 .# , leaves 1 . 2* 20~29 3, 002 20, 20, 22 1 . 3* 30~39 2, leaves 48 34 38 1 .


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(system("cls")) , main ( presskey) .



1 2 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

(sub) (sub) (main menu) . .

1 3 . , . " " " " .



(data structure) .

, .

. (linked list), (stack), (queue), (dequeue) , (tree) (graph) .

(linked list), (tree) (traversal) . 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

( ) , (field) . , NULL (singly linked list) .

link index . index



. 'K' 'D' 'C' 3 .



'D' .



(tree) (hierachical structure) , (sort) (search) .

(node) , (root) . (sub tree) . (level) 1 1 . 4.

2 (binary tree) . 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

(doubly linked list) . (binary tree) . , (LLINK) (RLINK) .


(traversal) (visit) . (preorder) , (inorder) , (postorder) 3 . .

(father) (child) 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.






()


(Search) . , .

. (internal search) , (external search) .

, .

(binary search), (fibonacci search), (interpolation search) . 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

(binary) (binary) . (bianry) .

[ ]

1 : .2 : 3 : .4 : 2 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

(binary) 10 70

l=0( index), h=9( index) m=(l+h)/2 m=(0+9)/2=4.5 m=4 . a[4] , (a[0]a[3]) (a[5]a[9])


(binary) 70 > a[4] , 70 > 50 , . index l=m+1 l=4+1(5) index h=9 . l=5, h=9, m=(l+h)/2 m=(5+9)/2 m=7 . a[7] , (a[5]a[6]) (a[8]a[9])


(binary) 70 < a[7] , 70 < 80 , . index h h=m-1 , h=7-1 , index l=5 . l=5, h=9, m=(l+h)/2 m=(5+9)/2 m=7 . a[7] , (a[5]a[6]) (a[8]a[9]) .


(binary) 70 > a[5] , 70 > 60 , . index l l=m+1 , l=5+1 , index h .l=6, h=6, m=(l+h)/2 m=(6+6)/2 m=6 . a[6] .

70 = a[6] , 70 = 70 . 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

(binary)



(Fibonacci) (Fibonacci) . (Fibonacci) n n-1 n-2 , 1 2 1 1 10 .

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 , 21, 34, 55, n Fk 1 n+1=Fk . K KFk-1 , .


(Fibonacci) 19 'g'

1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 13, 21, 34, 19 21 . i=Fk-1 13, p=Fk-2 8, q=Fk-3 5 . i 13 index 13 'n' . 'g' < 'n' 0 12 . i=i-q=13-5=8, t=p=8, p=q=5 , q=t-q=8-5=3 .


(Fibonacci)




(sort) (sort) . (ascending) (descending) .

. , (internal sort) (external sort) . , , insertion, shell , bubble, selection, comb quick , heap . 2-Way merge , balanced merge . . 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

(insertion) . .


(insertion) n R .


(insertion)


Bubble bubble . , . .

n-1 n n . n .2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Bubble


Bubble


Bubble bubble 3 4 .

j j+1 j+1 . j+1 . 2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Bubble


Bubble


Bubble


(selection) . n , n-1 . n-1 n .

2013 2 15 10 15 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MA

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19. 응용 프로그래밍